A vertical modular stacked dust collector

Abstract

The application discloses a vertical modularization laminated dust collector. The dust collector comprises an air inlet chamber (1), a diffusion chamber (2), a filter chamber (5), a dust hopper (4), a clean air chamber (8) and an air outlet flue (9). The air inlet chamber (1) is internally provided with a flow guide plate (11). The filter chamber (5) is internally provided with a flower plate (51), a filter element (6), an upper box body and a blowing device (7). The dust collector shell is a vertical column frame (3). The air inlet chamber (1) and the diffusion chamber (2) are vertically arranged and arranged in the middle of the vertical column frame (3). The filter chambers (5) are arranged in two rows and arranged on both sides of the diffusion chamber (2). The two rows of filter chambers (5) share the same dust hopper (4). The diffusion chamber (2) is internally provided with a pretreatment shunt (22). The upper box body and the blowing device (7) are arranged in layers. The upper box body is internally provided with a grating plate (71). The filter chamber (5) is divided into upper and lower two areas. The filter element (6) is arranged in a laminated manner along the vertical direction. The filter element (6) is distributed in a gradient along the height direction. The dust collector has the comprehensive advantages of small land occupation, low equipment height, low running resistance, low engineering cost, precise dust cleaning control and strong working condition adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of industrial flue gas treatment technology, specifically relating to a vertical modular stacked dust collector with a vertical airflow layout. This invention can be widely used for flue gas dust removal in the steel, cement, and chemical industries, and is particularly suitable for old factory renovation, space-constrained, and investment and operating cost-sensitive scenarios. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional electrostatic precipitators and bag filters use a vertically suspended filter bag arrangement, with filter bags typically 6 to 8 meters long and spaced widely. This structure results in a large overall height of the equipment, a large horizontal projected area, and a significantly larger footprint per unit filtration area. For renovation projects with limited land or working conditions with restricted space, traditional dust collectors are often not feasible due to site constraints.

[0003] In existing multilayer dust collectors, in order to collect the dust trapped by each layer of filter unit, it is usually necessary to set up a dust hopper under each independent multilayer unit.

[0004] While this "one dust hopper per layer" configuration can achieve independent collection and discharge of dust from each layer and reduce the equipment footprint to some extent, it results in a significant increase in the overall height of the dust collector.

[0005] Taking a two-layer stacked design as an example, each layer needs to be equipped with an independent ash hopper and corresponding ash unloading and conveying equipment, which often results in the overall height of the equipment exceeding 30 meters. At the same time, the number of ash unloading and conveying system equipment increases exponentially, and the project cost rises significantly.

[0006] In addition, the excessive height of the equipment body poses significant difficulties for transportation, installation, and routine maintenance.

[0007] The ash hopper design of traditional electrostatic precipitators and bag filters is usually based on the length and width of the equipment, resulting in the effective volume of the ash hopper generally far exceeding the actual ash storage requirements.

[0008] The direct consequence of this design practice is that the ash load value is significantly higher during the design phase of the dust collector's main structure, which in turn forces the overall structure to expand, increase material consumption, and raise manufacturing costs.

[0009] At the same time, excessive gray loads require supporting civil engineering structures with higher load-bearing capacity, which further increases the project cost and puts the overall economy at a disadvantage.

[0010] In addition, traditional dust collectors and existing stacked dust collectors also have shortcomings in terms of airflow organization.

[0011] The series structure of horizontal air intake and horizontal air outlet results in a longer airflow path, greater local resistance loss, higher overall operating resistance of the equipment, and correspondingly increased energy consumption of the supporting fan. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vertical modular stacked dust collector to address the shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0013] The technical solution of this invention is: a vertical modular stacked dust collector, comprising an inlet chamber, a diffusion chamber, a filter chamber, a dust hopper, a clean air chamber, and an outlet flue. The inlet chamber is equipped with a guide plate; the filter chamber is equipped with a perforated plate, filter elements, an upper housing, and a pulse-jet cleaning device; the dust collector shell is a column frame, with the inlet chamber and diffusion chamber arranged vertically in the middle of the column frame; the filter chambers are arranged in two rows side-by-side on both sides of the diffusion chamber, sharing the same dust hopper; a pretreatment diverter is located in the diffusion chamber; the upper housing and pulse-jet cleaning device are stacked, and a grid plate is installed inside the upper housing; the filter chamber is divided into upper and lower regions, with the filter elements arranged in a stacked manner along the vertical direction; the filter elements are distributed in a gradient along the height direction, with the number of filter elements in the upper region reduced by 10% compared to the lower region.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the filter element adopts an internal filter type filter carrier, which is a ceramic fiber board, an internal filter type sintered plastic plate, or a ceramic filter element.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the filter element is installed horizontally or inclined in the filter chamber, and the angle between its axis and the horizontal direction is 0° to 30°.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, flue gas enters the diffusion chamber through the inlet chamber, and the cross-sectional flow velocity of the diffusion chamber is controlled at ≤4m / s.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pretreatment splitter is a stacked arrangement structure with a gradient decreasing along the height direction.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a flow meter and a concentration meter are provided at the inlet flue of the air inlet chamber, and a weighing ash discharge valve is provided below the ash hopper.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the jet pipe of the jetting device adopts a variable diameter design, and the drainage pipe adopts a dual-nozzle design.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the air intake duct and the air outlet duct of the air intake chamber adopt any one of the following: horizontal inlet and horizontal outlet, horizontal inlet and top outlet, top inlet and horizontal outlet, and top inlet and top outlet.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the filter chamber and the clean air chamber adopt a stacked arrangement structure with 2 to 5 layers.

[0022] The main technical concept of this invention is to stack filter elements in a vertical direction to form a compact filter unit structure, and to integrate the filter chamber, clean air chamber and diffusion chamber into the same tower body. At the same time, the two dust collectors share the same ash hopper, realizing the intensive configuration of ash unloading and conveying equipment.

[0023] The invented dust collector uses ceramic fiber tubes, honeycomb ceramics and other filter elements as the core filter unit. Through vertical and compact structural design, it can significantly reduce the equipment's footprint, height and engineering cost while ensuring high-efficiency filtration performance, and has remarkable economic and space adaptability.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, by arranging the filter elements in a vertical stack, the present invention reduces the floor space by more than 50% compared with the traditional bag filter under the same air volume and filtration area conditions, effectively solving the problem of large floor space of traditional dust collectors and existing single-layer dust collectors. It is particularly suitable for renovation projects with limited space and indoor installation conditions. Secondly, the present invention reduces the amount of ash discharged by 50% by using the design of two dust collectors sharing the same collection hopper, which solves the problem of the large number of equipment and high engineering cost caused by the existing stacked dust collector with "one ash hopper per layer", while avoiding excessive increase in equipment height. Third, this invention, by taking the ash hopper volume and ash load values ​​according to actual operating conditions, abandons the traditional empirical redundancy expansion, thus solving the problems of increased structural scale, increased material consumption, and high civil engineering costs caused by traditional ash hopper design, and has obvious economic advantages. Fourth, this invention achieves the technical effects of short airflow path, low local resistance, and low overall operating resistance by using a low-velocity flow uniformity design in the diffusion chamber cross-section and a gradient-decreasing stacked arrangement structure to form an equivalent porous plate flow uniformity effect, thus solving the problems of high operating resistance and high energy consumption of traditional dust collectors. Fifth, this invention achieves precise dust removal on demand through an intelligent dust removal control system that links inlet dust detection with ash hopper weighing. This solves the problems of coarse control, over- or under-cleaning caused by traditional timed or differential pressure dust removal methods, and extends the service life of filter elements. Sixth, the present invention ensures the dust removal effect through variable diameter jet pipes and dual nozzles; the design makes the pipe diameter gradually increase along the direction of jet airflow, effectively compensating for pressure loss along the way, ensuring uniform outlet pressure of each jet hole, and improving the overall efficiency of the dust removal system. Seventh, the present invention, through its flexible arrangement of air inlet and outlet flues, can adapt to different site conditions and process layout requirements, further improving the adaptability of the equipment to different operating conditions.

[0025] The present invention provides a vertical modular stacked dust collector with comprehensive advantages such as small footprint, low equipment height, low operating resistance, low engineering cost, precise dust removal control, and strong adaptability to working conditions. It can be widely used in flue gas treatment in industries such as steel, cement, and chemicals, and is especially suitable for renovation or new construction projects with limited space and strict requirements for investment and operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is an elevation view of a vertical modular stacked dust collector.

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The left view.

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Top view.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the layout of the ducts in regions ① and ②.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a detailed image of the dual-nozzle design.

[0031] In the diagram: 1-Inlet chamber, 11-Guide plate, 2-Diffusion chamber, 3-Column frame, 4-Ash hopper, 5-Filter chamber, 51-Cathode plate, 6-Filter element, 7-Upper box and jet blowing device, 71-Grate plate, 8-Clean air chamber, 9-Outlet flue. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is for the purpose of aiding understanding the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0033] The column frame 3 serves as an integral support structure, and it is fixed to the foundation by pre-embedded bolts or directly welded to the pre-embedded base plate.

[0034] The ash hopper 4 is located at the bottom of the equipment, and its horizontal projection position is staggered with that of the filter chamber 5. The upper edge of the ash hopper 4 is welded to the column frame 3.

[0035] The filter chamber 5 is welded to the column frame 3, and a perforated plate 51 is provided inside the filter chamber 5. The perforated plate 51 is welded and fixed to the filter chamber 5.

[0036] The filter element 6 is installed on the tube sheet 51, and the element and the tube sheet 51 are sealed with a snap or a ceramic fiber gasket and fixed by bolts.

[0037] A grid plate 71 is provided between the upper box and the blowing device 7 in the stacked arrangement. The grid plate is welded to the lower upper box and the blowing device. The grid plate is used for layer isolation and maintenance passage.

[0038] The diffusion chamber 2 is welded to the filter chamber 5 and the air inlet chamber 1 respectively.

[0039] The air intake chamber 1 is equipped with a guide plate 11, which is welded and fixed to the air intake chamber 1. The exhaust duct is welded and connected to the clean air chamber 8, the upper housing, and the blowing device.

[0040] The filter element 6 adopts an internal filter carrier, including ceramic fiber board, sintered plastic board (internal filter type) or ceramic filter element; the filtration area of ​​a single filter element is selected according to the dust concentration at the flue gas inlet, ranging from 2 to 6 m² / unit; the air permeability of the filter element is designed and selected according to the dust particle size, generally from 20% to 50%.

[0041] The filter element 6 is installed horizontally or at an angle inside the filter chamber 5, with its axis making an angle of 0° to 30° with the horizontal direction.

[0042] The filter elements 6 are arranged in a stacked manner along the vertical direction to form a compact filter unit structure; under the same filtration area and processing air volume conditions, the floor space of this dust collector is reduced by more than 50% compared with traditional bag dust collectors.

[0043] The dust collectors are arranged in a double row, with the two rows of dust collectors sharing the same ash hopper 4, forming an intensive ash unloading unit. This structure can reduce the number of supporting ash unloading and conveying equipment by half, significantly reducing the project cost.

[0044] The volume and ash load of the ash hopper 4 are determined based on actual operating conditions, eliminating the empirical redundancy amplification in traditional design; this on-demand design structure can reduce the self-weight of the ash hopper and the cost of supporting civil engineering works.

[0045] The number of pores in the filter element 6 is selected based on the inlet dust concentration, outlet emission requirements, flue gas parameters, etc.

[0046] The flue gas enters the diffusion chamber 2 through the air inlet duct. The cross-sectional flow velocity of the diffusion chamber 2 is controlled at ≤4m / s. By reducing the airflow velocity, the local resistance loss is reduced, thereby effectively reducing the overall operating resistance of the equipment.

[0047] The filter areas arranged in the stack are distributed in a gradient along the height direction, with the number of upper areas ② being 10% less than that of lower areas ①, and so on, so that the filter resistance of each layer is matched and the flue gas is self-balanced.

[0048] No guide vanes are installed in the diffusion chamber 2; through a stacked arrangement structure with a gradient decreasing along the height direction, a flow uniformity resistance equivalent to that of a perforated plate is formed, enabling the flue gas to achieve self-balancing distribution.

[0049] The dust collector is equipped with a flow meter and a concentration meter at the inlet flue, and a weighing ash discharge valve is installed below the ash hopper 4. The control system calculates the real-time dust accumulation rate in the duct based on the total inlet dust, the total outlet dust, and the ash discharge amount. When the dust accumulation rate reaches 25%, the dust removal system is automatically started.

[0050] The cleaning system uses a variable diameter blow pipe and a dual-nozzle drainage pipe to ensure effective cleaning.

[0051] The dust collector's inlet and outlet flues can be arranged in various combinations, including any one of the following: horizontal inlet and horizontal outlet, horizontal inlet and top outlet, top inlet and horizontal outlet, and top inlet and top outlet, to adapt to different site conditions and process layout requirements.

[0052] The filter chamber 5 and the clean air chamber 8 adopt a stacked arrangement structure with 2 to 5 layers.

[0053] When the device is in operation, the dust-laden flue gas first enters the inlet chamber 1 through the top horizontal flue. The guide plate 11 installed in the inlet chamber 1 initially distributes the airflow, ensuring that the flue gas is evenly distributed to each diffusion chamber 2, thereby achieving a balanced distribution of the filtration airflow in each stacked unit. After entering the diffusion chamber 2, the flue gas adopts a ducted air intake structure. The flue gas is further diffused and evenly distributed through the pretreatment distributor and duct system within the diffusion chamber, ensuring a sufficiently uniform flow field distribution before entering the filtration area. This effectively avoids excessively high or low local flow velocities, creating favorable conditions for subsequent high-efficiency filtration. The evenly distributed flue gas then enters the inclined filter element 6. This filter element 6 uses an internal pore filtration method. When the flue gas passes through the internal micro-pores, dust is trapped on the inner wall of the pores, achieving gas-solid separation.

[0054] The purified clean gas enters the upper chamber and the blowing device 7; each upper chamber and blowing device is provided with a grid plate 71, which serves as a structural separation and facilitates independent inspection and maintenance of each filter unit.

[0055] The purified flue gas is collected upwards along the vertically stacked upper chamber and the jet blowing device channel, and finally enters the clean air chamber 8 installed at the top, and is discharged to the subsequent dust removal system through the exhaust flue 9 set on the clean air chamber 8.

[0056] This invention employs an intelligent dust removal control system, the core of which is based on the real-time dust accumulation rate within the ducts. Specifically, a flow meter and a concentration meter are installed at the dust collector inlet to monitor the flue gas flow rate and dust concentration entering the system in real time, thereby calculating the total amount of dust entering the system. A weighing ash discharge valve is installed below the shared collection hopper of the two dust collectors to measure the total amount of dust discharged in real time. The control system dynamically calculates the real-time dust accumulation rate within the ducts based on the difference between the total inlet dust and the total discharged ash. When this dust accumulation rate reaches a set threshold of 25%, the control system automatically activates the dust removal system.

[0057] After the dust removal system is started, the pulse jet cleaning device 7 installed on the top of the upper housing releases high-pressure compressed air, which is injected in reverse into the filter element 6. The impact force of the pulse airflow effectively removes the dust adhering to the inner wall of the pores. The dust trapped by the two dust collectors falls into the ash hoppers below them under gravity, and then collects in a common collection hopper. It is periodically discharged through the weighing ash discharge valve configured below the collection hopper, completing the dust removal cycle and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0058] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A vertical modular stacked dust collector, comprising an inlet chamber (1), a diffusion chamber (2), a filter chamber (5), a dust hopper (4), a clean air chamber (8), and an outlet flue (9), wherein the inlet chamber (1) is provided with a guide plate (11); the filter chamber (5) is provided with a tube sheet (51), a filter element (6), an upper housing, and a pulse-jet cleaning device (7); characterized in that... The dust collector housing is a column frame (3). The air inlet chamber (1) and the diffusion chamber (2) are arranged vertically and located in the middle of the column frame (3). The filter chambers (5) are arranged in two rows on both sides of the diffusion chamber (2). The two rows of filter chambers (5) share the same dust hopper (4). The diffusion chamber (2) contains a pretreatment diverter (22). The upper box and the jet blowing device (7) are stacked. The upper box contains a grid plate (71). The filter chamber (5) is divided into upper and lower areas. The filter elements (6) are stacked vertically. The filter elements (6) are distributed in a gradient along the height direction. The number of filter elements (6) in the upper area is reduced by 10% compared with the lower area.

2. The vertical modular stacked dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter element (6) adopts an internal filter carrier, which is a ceramic fiber plate, an internal filter plastic plate, or a ceramic filter element.

3. A vertical modular stacked dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter element (6) is installed horizontally or at an angle in the filter chamber (5), with its axis at an angle of 0° to 30° with the horizontal direction.

4. A vertical modular stacked dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flue gas enters the diffusion chamber (2) through the inlet chamber (1), and the cross-sectional flow velocity of the diffusion chamber (2) is controlled at ≤4m / s.

5. A vertical modular stacked dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment splitter (22) is a stacked structure with a gradient decreasing along the height direction.

6. A vertical modular stacked dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet flue of the air inlet chamber (1) is equipped with a flow meter and a concentration meter, and a weighing ash discharge valve is provided below the ash hopper (4).

7. A vertical modular stacked dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jetting device uses a variable diameter jetting pipe and a dual-nozzle drainage pipe.

8. A vertical modular stacked dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake chamber (1) and the air outlet duct (9) can adopt any one of the following: horizontal inlet and horizontal outlet, horizontal inlet and top outlet, top inlet and horizontal outlet, or top inlet and top outlet.

9. A vertical modular stacked dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter chamber (5) and the clean air chamber (8) adopt a stacked arrangement structure with 2 to 5 layers.

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