Energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and specifically discloses an energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device, which comprises a waste gas treatment tank, a vortex generating cavity, a dynamic filtering assembly, a cyclone spraying unit and a self-adaptive control system. The application solves the problem of the contradiction between the filtering precision and the wind resistance energy consumption by the cooperation of the rotating filter disc and the differential pressure feedback centrifugal self-cleaning, and the dynamic updating of the filtering interface replaces the static densification. The problem is solved. The problem of the contradiction between the filtering precision and the wind resistance energy consumption is solved. The problem of the contradiction between the filtering precision and the wind resistance energy consumption is solved. The problem of the contradiction between the filtering precision and the wind resistance energy consumption is solved. The problem of the contradiction between the filtering precision and the wind resistance energy consumption is solved. The problem of the contradiction between the filtering precision and the wind resistance energy consumption is solved. The problem of the contradiction between the filtering precision and the wind resistance energy consumption is solved. The problem of the contradiction between the filtering precision and the wind resistance energy consumption is solved. The problem of the contradiction between the filtering precision and the wind resistance energy consumption is solved. The problem of the contradiction between the filtering precision and the wind resistance energy consumption is solved. The problem of the contradiction between the filtering precision and the wind resistance energy consumption is solved. The problem of the contradiction between the filtering precision and the wind resistance energy consumption is solved. The problem of the contradiction between the filtering precision and the wind resistance energy consumption is solved. The problem of the contradiction

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of waste gas treatment technology, specifically referring to an energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial waste gas refers to various waste gases generated during industrial fuel combustion and production processes. These waste gases often contain substances such as sulfur, hydrogen, nitrogen oxides, and dust, which can severely pollute the air after being released into the atmosphere. With increasingly stringent environmental regulations and the advancement of dual-carbon goals, the energy-saving and emission-reduction performance of waste gas treatment devices has become a focus of industry attention.

[0003] Existing waste gas treatment devices mainly employ adsorption, spraying, and filtration methods to purify waste gas. For example, Chinese patent CN217188665U discloses an industrial waste gas treatment and purification device that filters and purifies waste gas using a filter screen and activated carbon filter cotton, and achieves quick installation and removal of the filter screen through the cooperation of a threaded rod and wedge blocks. However, such devices still have the following technical defects in actual operation:

[0004] (1) The filter components are prone to clogging and the operating energy consumption is high: The filter screen in the existing device is prone to clogging after long-term operation, which leads to a sharp increase in system wind resistance and a significant increase in fan energy consumption. Although a quick disassembly and assembly solution is provided, the cleaning of the filter screen still requires manual operation after the machine is stopped, which affects the processing efficiency.

[0005] (2) Poor adaptability to treatment load: Industrial waste gas emissions have obvious fluctuations (such as production intervals and changes in operating conditions), but the supply of purification media (such as the amount of purification liquid and the amount of adsorbent) of existing devices is mostly constant and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time waste gas load, resulting in the contradiction of media waste at low load and incomplete treatment at high load.

[0006] (3) Low efficiency of multi-pollutant synergistic treatment: The exhaust gas often contains multiple pollutants such as particulate matter, acidic gases and VOCs. Existing devices mostly adopt a series structure of filtration, spraying and adsorption. Each treatment unit is independent of the other, and the mass transfer resistance of pollutants between units is large, so the synergistic effect is not fully utilized.

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need to develop a waste gas treatment device capable of achieving efficient filtration, automatic cleaning, adaptive control, and energy conservation and emission reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the above issues and overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device. Through the synergy of rotating filter plates and differential pressure feedback centrifugal self-cleaning, dynamic updating of the filter interface replaces static densification, resolving the conflict between filtration accuracy and wind resistance energy consumption. Utilizing flow and concentration sensors at the inlet pipe, combined with PLC adaptive control of the liquid supply, the purification medium is added on demand, breaking the rigid correlation between purification efficiency and reagent consumption. Placing the waste heat recovery pipe after spray purification ensures that heat recovery does not interfere with the main reaction temperature field, reconciling the temporal conflict between energy utilization and reaction rate. Furthermore, the use of a vortex spiral ridge to extend the airflow path enables efficient settling within a limited space, overcoming the dependence of processing capacity on equipment volume. This systematic decoupling of four contradictions endows the device with the comprehensive advantages of full-condition adaptability and structural intensification.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: This invention provides an energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device, including a waste gas treatment tank, a vortex generating chamber, a dynamic filter assembly, a swirl spray unit, and an adaptive control system. The vortex generating chamber is located in the waste gas treatment tank, the dynamic filter assembly is located in the vortex generating chamber, the swirl spray unit is located on the waste gas treatment tank and the vortex generating chamber, and the adaptive control system is located on the waste gas treatment tank. The dynamic filter assembly includes a rotating shaft, a sector-shaped filter frame, and a filter motor. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the vortex generating chamber, and the sector-shaped filter frame array is located on the rotating shaft. The sector-shaped filter frame has two layers, and there is a phase difference between the two layers of sector-shaped filter frames, which achieves comprehensive filtration while reducing wind resistance and further improving filtration efficiency. The sector-shaped filter frame is equipped with filter plates, and the filter motor is located on the vortex generating chamber. The output end of the filter motor is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the swirl spray unit includes a spray ring pipe, atomizing nozzles, a spray protective top, and a waste heat utilization liquid supply component. The spray ring pipe is located on the upper inner wall of the waste gas treatment tank. The atomizing nozzle array is disposed through the spray ring pipe. The spray protective top is located above the vortex generating chamber and below the atomizing nozzles. The waste heat utilization liquid supply component is located on the waste gas treatment tank and is connected to the spray ring pipe through the waste gas treatment tank.

[0011] Preferably, the waste heat recovery liquid supply device includes a liquid supply tank, a liquid supply pipe, a waste heat recovery pipe, and a liquid supply pump. The liquid supply tank is located on the waste gas treatment tank and contains purified liquid. The liquid supply pump is connected to the liquid supply tank and the spray ring pipe through the liquid supply pipe. The waste heat recovery pipe is wound around the outer circumferential wall of the liquid supply tank. One end of the waste heat recovery pipe is connected to the upper side wall of the waste gas treatment tank, and the other end of the waste heat recovery pipe is a gas outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the vortex generating chamber includes a vortex chamber, a conical collecting chamber, an air inlet pipe, a discharge pipe, and a discharge control component. The vortex chamber is located in the waste gas treatment tank, the conical collecting chamber is located below the vortex chamber, the air inlet pipe is located at the connection between the vortex chamber and the conical collecting chamber, the discharge pipe is located below the vortex chamber, and the discharge control component is located in the discharge pipe.

[0013] The inner circumferential wall of the vortex cavity is provided with a spiral ridge. The spiral ridge forms a physical forced guide on the inner wall of the vortex cavity, forcing the airflow to rise along the spiral trajectory, increasing the path of the gas rise, increasing the probability of particles colliding with the inner wall of the vortex cavity, and thus causing large particles to fall along the inner wall of the vortex cavity, further improving the processing efficiency.

[0014] Furthermore, a guide edge is provided on the upper circumferential side wall of the vortex cavity. The outer diameter of the guide edge is larger than the outer diameter of the spray protection top. A gap is left between the spray protection top and the upper wall of the vortex cavity to facilitate the passage of exhaust gas while preventing the spray liquid from falling into the vortex cavity.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discharge control component includes a control plate and a control button, wherein the control plate is rotatably disposed in the discharge pipe and the control button is connected to the control plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the adaptive control system includes an exhaust gas flow sensor, an exhaust gas concentration sensor, a differential pressure sensor, and a PLC controller. The exhaust gas flow sensor and the exhaust gas concentration sensor are located in the intake pipe. The differential pressure sensor is located on the bottom wall of the fan-shaped filter frame. The PLC controller is located on the outer wall of the exhaust gas treatment tank. The exhaust gas flow sensor, exhaust gas concentration sensor, differential pressure sensor, filter motor, and liquid supply pump are all electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0017] The waste gas treatment tank is equipped with a treatment door that can be sealed and opened, and a support frame is provided at the bottom of the waste gas treatment tank.

[0018] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows:

[0019] I. Solving the contradiction between filtration accuracy and energy consumption: This invention abandons the traditional approach of increasing filtration density and adopts a dynamic filtration method combining phase difference rotating filter plates with a centrifugal self-cleaning mechanism. Under normal operating conditions, the fan-shaped filter frame can effectively intercept at low speed. When the filter plate is clogged, the differential pressure sensor senses it in real time and feeds it back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller adaptively increases the speed of the filter motor and uses centrifugal force to throw the blockage away from the filter surface, so that the filtration resistance is always kept at a low level. This structure replaces the static increase of filtration density with dynamic updating of the filter interface, which can ensure filtration accuracy without significantly increasing wind resistance and energy consumption.

[0020] II. Solution to the contradiction between purification efficiency and media consumption: This invention installs an exhaust gas flow sensor and an exhaust gas concentration sensor at the air inlet pipe to monitor the air intake conditions in real time and transmit the data to the PLC controller. After processing, the flow rate of the liquid supply pump is automatically adjusted. When the exhaust gas concentration is low, the supply of purification liquid is reduced, and when the concentration is high, the supply is increased. This achieves precise on-demand dosing of spray liquid, avoids media waste under low-load conditions, and balances purification efficiency and operating economy.

[0021] III. Resolution of the contradiction between heat recovery and purification effect: This invention places the waste heat utilization pipe after the spray dust removal process. That is, the exhaust gas first undergoes vortex collision pre-dust removal and spray chemical purification. After completing the main purification reaction, it enters the waste heat utilization pipe to heat the purification liquid. This process design ensures that the waste heat recovery link does not interfere with the reaction temperature conditions of chemical purification. While recovering heat, it ensures that the purification reaction rate is not affected, thus achieving the unity of energy recovery and purification effect.

[0022] IV. Solution to the contradiction between processing capacity and equipment size: The present invention forces the exhaust gas to rise along the spiral path by setting the spiral ridge on the inner wall of the vortex cavity, which effectively extends the residence time and movement path of the gas in the limited space; combined with the turbulence generated by the rotation of the fan-shaped filter frame, it further increases the contact opportunities between the gas and the wall and filter surface. The two work together to enable the device to achieve a high processing capacity in a compact volume, without the need to increase the size of the equipment to improve the processing efficiency, thus reducing the footprint and investment costs. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device proposed in this invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a left view of an energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device proposed in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a front view of an energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device proposed in this invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a top view of an energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device proposed in this invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of an energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device proposed in this invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of an energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device proposed in this invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic filtering component.

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of part A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the swirl spray unit.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the vortex generator cavity.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the vortex generating cavity.

[0034] The components include: 1. Waste gas treatment tank; 2. Vortex generating chamber; 3. Dynamic filtration assembly; 4. Cyclone spray unit; 5. Adaptive control system; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Fan-shaped filter frame; 8. Filter motor; 9. Filter sheet; 10. Spray ring pipe; 11. Atomizing nozzle; 12. Spray protective top; 13. Waste heat utilization liquid supply component; 14. Liquid supply tank; 15. Liquid supply pipe; 16. Waste heat utilization pipe; 17. Liquid supply pump; 18. Gas outlet; 19. Vortex chamber; 20. Conical collection chamber; 21. Air inlet pipe; 22. Discharge pipe; 23. Discharge control component; 24. Spiral ridge; 25. Guide edge; 26. Control board; 27. Control button; 28. Waste gas flow sensor; 29. ​​Waste gas concentration sensor; 30. Differential pressure sensor; 31. PLC controller; 32. Treatment door; 33. Support frame.

[0035] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] like Figures 1-11As shown, the present invention provides an energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device, including a waste gas treatment tank 1, a vortex generating chamber 2, a dynamic filter assembly 3, a swirl spray unit 4, and an adaptive control system 5. The vortex generating chamber 2 is disposed in the waste gas treatment tank 1, the dynamic filter assembly 3 is disposed in the vortex generating chamber 2, the swirl spray unit 4 is disposed on the waste gas treatment tank 1 and the vortex generating chamber 2, and the adaptive control system 5 is disposed on the waste gas treatment tank 1. The waste gas treatment tank 1 is provided with a treatment door 32 that is sealed and can be opened and closed, and a support frame 33 is provided at the bottom end of the waste gas treatment tank 1.

[0039] The vortex generating chamber 2 includes a vortex chamber 19, a conical collecting chamber 20, an air inlet pipe 21, a discharge pipe 22, and a discharge control component 23. The vortex chamber 19 is located in the waste gas treatment tank 1. A spiral ridge 24 is provided on the inner circumferential wall of the vortex chamber 19. The conical collecting chamber 20 is located below the vortex chamber 19. The air inlet pipe 21 is located at the connection between the vortex chamber 19 and the conical collecting chamber 20. The discharge pipe 22 is located below the vortex chamber 19. The discharge control component 23 is located in the discharge pipe 22. The discharge control component 23 includes a control plate 26 and a control button 27. The control plate 26 is rotatably located in the discharge pipe 22. The control button 27 is connected to the control plate 26.

[0040] The dynamic filtration assembly 3 includes a rotating shaft 6, a sector-shaped filter frame 7, and a filter motor 8. The rotating shaft 6 is rotatably mounted on the vortex generating chamber 2. The sector-shaped filter frame 7 is arranged in an array on the rotating shaft 6. The sector-shaped filter frame 7 has two layers, and there is a phase difference between the two layers of sector-shaped filter frames 7. Filter plates 9 are provided in the sector-shaped filter frame 7. The filter motor 8 is mounted on the vortex generating chamber 2, and the output end of the filter motor 8 is connected to the rotating shaft 6.

[0041] The swirl spray unit 4 includes a spray ring pipe 10, atomizing nozzles 11, a spray protective top 12, and a waste heat recovery liquid supply unit 13. The spray ring pipe 10 is located on the upper inner wall of the waste gas treatment tank 1. The atomizing nozzles 11 are arranged in an array through the spray ring pipe 10. The spray protective top 12 is located above the vortex generating chamber 2. A guide rail 25 is provided on the circumferential side wall above the vortex chamber 2. The outer diameter of the guide rail 25 is larger than the outer diameter of the spray protective top 12. A gap is left between the spray protective top 12 and the upper wall of the vortex chamber 2. The spray protective top 12 is located below the atomizing nozzles 11. The waste heat recovery liquid supply unit 13 is located above the waste gas treatment tank 1. On the treatment tank 1, a waste heat recovery liquid supply component 13 passes through the waste gas treatment tank 1 and is connected to the spray ring pipe 10. The waste heat recovery liquid supply component 13 includes a liquid supply tank 14, a liquid supply pipe 15, a waste heat recovery pipe 16, and a liquid supply pump 17. The liquid supply tank 14 is located on the waste gas treatment tank 1 and contains purified liquid. The liquid supply pump 17 is connected to the liquid supply tank 14 and the spray ring pipe 10 through the liquid supply pipe 15. The waste heat recovery pipe 16 is wound around the outer circumferential wall of the liquid supply tank 14. One end of the waste heat recovery pipe 16 is connected to the upper side wall of the waste gas treatment tank 1, and the other end of the waste heat recovery pipe 16 is the gas outlet 18.

[0042] The adaptive control system 5 includes an exhaust gas flow sensor 28, an exhaust gas concentration sensor 29, a differential pressure sensor 30, and a PLC controller 31. The exhaust gas flow sensor 28 and the exhaust gas concentration sensor 29 are located in the intake pipe 21. The differential pressure sensor 30 is located on the bottom wall of the fan-shaped filter frame 7. The PLC controller 31 is located on the outer wall of the exhaust gas treatment tank 1. The exhaust gas flow sensor 28, the exhaust gas concentration sensor 29, the differential pressure sensor 30, the filter motor 8, and the liquid supply pump 17 are electrically connected to the PLC controller 31.

[0043] In practical use, exhaust gas enters the vortex cavity 19 through the inlet pipe 21 and spirals upward along the vortex cavity 19 under the action of the spiral ridge 24, increasing the upward path of the gas and the probability of particles colliding with the inner wall of the vortex cavity 19. This causes larger particles to fall along the inner wall of the vortex cavity 19, further improving the treatment efficiency. The exhaust gas flow sensor 28 and exhaust gas concentration sensor 29 at the inlet pipe 21 transmit the information about the entering exhaust gas to the PLC controller 31. After processing by the PLC controller 31, the speed of the filter motor 8 and the flow rate of the liquid supply pump 17 are controlled to achieve different treatment of exhaust gases. The adaptive airflow treatment technology utilizes a filter motor 8 that rotates a shaft 6, which in turn rotates a sector-shaped filter frame 7, which in turn rotates filter elements 9. This process filters the exhaust gas while simultaneously creating turbulence, further improving the upward path of the exhaust gas. When filter elements 9 become clogged, the differential pressure sensor 30 detects an increase in pressure. The sensor transmits this data to the PLC controller 31, which then increases the rotational speed of the filter motor 8. This, in turn, increases the centrifugal force of the rotating shaft 6, thereby throwing the blockages on the filter elements 9 outwards. The gaps between the fan-shaped filter frames 7 fall into the conical collection chamber 20, achieving the technical effect of automatic cleaning of the filter elements 9. The filtered exhaust gas continues to rise through the gap between the spray protection top 12 and the upper wall of the vortex chamber 19. At this time, the liquid supply pump 17 draws out the purified liquid from the liquid supply tank 14 through the liquid supply pipe 15 and transmits it to the spray ring pipe 10. Through the spray ring pipe 10, it is transmitted to the atomizing nozzle 11. The atomizing nozzle 11 sprays out the exhaust gas to remove dust. The purified liquid carries the dust onto the spray protection top 12 and slides down the spray protection top 12 to the guide edge 25, and then through the vortex chamber 19. The gap between the outer wall of the vortex cavity 19 and the inner wall of the waste gas treatment tank 1 leads to the bottom of the waste gas treatment tank 1. The waste gas after spray treatment enters from one end of the waste heat utilization pipe 16 to heat the purified liquid, further increasing the reaction rate and improving the treatment effect. It is then discharged from the outlet 18. After treatment, the sprayed waste liquid is treated through the treatment door 32. The control knob 27 is rotated, which drives the control plate 26 to rotate, releasing the blockage of the discharge pipe 22 and allowing the settled particles to fall out. The above is the specific working process of this invention. This step can be repeated for the next use.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the foregoing and its equivalents.

[0046] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device, characterized in that: The system includes an exhaust gas treatment tank (1), a vortex generating chamber (2), a dynamic filter assembly (3), a swirl spray unit (4), and an adaptive control system (5). The vortex generating chamber (2) is located in the exhaust gas treatment tank (1), the dynamic filter assembly (3) is located in the vortex generating chamber (2), the swirl spray unit (4) is located on both the exhaust gas treatment tank (1) and the vortex generating chamber (2), and the adaptive control system (5) is located on the exhaust gas treatment tank (1). The dynamic filter assembly (3) is located in the vortex generating chamber (2), the swirl spray unit (4) is located on both the exhaust gas treatment tank (1) and the vortex generating chamber (2), and the adaptive control system (5) is located on the exhaust gas treatment tank (1). 3) Includes a rotating shaft (6), a fan-shaped filter frame (7) and a filter motor (8). The rotating shaft (6) is rotatably mounted on the vortex generating chamber (2). The fan-shaped filter frame (7) is arrayed on the rotating shaft (6). The fan-shaped filter frame (7) has two layers. There is a phase difference between the two layers of the fan-shaped filter frame (7). The fan-shaped filter frame (7) is provided with filter sheet (9). The filter motor (8) is mounted on the vortex generating chamber (2). The output end of the filter motor (8) is connected to the rotating shaft (6).

2. The energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swirling spray unit (4) includes a spray ring pipe (10), atomizing nozzles (11), a spray protective top (12), and a waste heat utilization liquid supply component (13). The spray ring pipe (10) is located on the inner upper wall of the waste gas treatment tank (1). The array of atomizing nozzles (11) is arranged through the spray ring pipe (10). The spray protective top (12) is located above the vortex generating chamber (2) and below the atomizing nozzles (11). The waste heat utilization liquid supply component (13) is located on the waste gas treatment tank (1) and is connected through the waste gas treatment tank (1) to the spray ring pipe (10).

3. The energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waste heat utilization liquid supply device (13) includes a liquid supply tank (14), a liquid supply pipe (15), a waste heat utilization pipe (16), and a liquid supply pump (17). The liquid supply tank (14) is located on the waste gas treatment tank (1). The liquid supply tank (14) contains purified liquid. The liquid supply pump (17) is connected to the liquid supply tank (14) and the spray ring pipe (10) through the liquid supply pipe (15). The waste heat utilization pipe (16) is wound around the outer circumferential wall of the liquid supply tank (14). One end of the waste heat utilization pipe (16) is connected to the upper side wall of the waste gas treatment tank (1). The other end of the waste heat utilization pipe (16) is the gas outlet (18).

4. The energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vortex generating chamber (2) includes a vortex chamber (19), a conical collecting chamber (20), an air inlet pipe (21), a discharge pipe (22), and a discharge control component (23). The vortex chamber (19) is located in the waste gas treatment tank (1). The conical collecting chamber (20) is located below the vortex chamber (19). The air inlet pipe (21) is located at the connection between the vortex chamber (19) and the conical collecting chamber (20). The discharge pipe (22) is located below the vortex chamber (19). The discharge control component (23) is located in the discharge pipe (22).

5. The energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner circumferential wall of the vortex cavity (19) is provided with a spiral ridge (24).

6. The energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A guide edge (25) is provided on the upper circumferential side wall of the vortex cavity (19). The outer diameter of the guide edge (25) is larger than the outer diameter of the spray protection top (12). A gap is left between the spray protection top (12) and the upper wall of the vortex cavity (19).

7. The energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The discharge control component (23) includes a control plate (26) and a control button (27). The control plate (26) is rotatably disposed in the discharge pipe (22), and the control button (27) is connected to the control plate (26).

8. The energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adaptive control system (5) includes a waste gas flow sensor (28), a waste gas concentration sensor (29), a differential pressure sensor (30), and a PLC controller (31). The waste gas flow sensor (28) is located in the inlet pipe (21), the waste gas concentration sensor (29) is located in the inlet pipe (21), the differential pressure sensor (30) is located on the bottom wall of the fan-shaped filter frame (7), and the PLC controller (31) is located on the outer wall of the waste gas treatment tank (1). The waste gas flow sensor (28), the waste gas concentration sensor (29), the differential pressure sensor (30), the filter motor (8), and the liquid supply pump (17) are electrically connected to the PLC controller (31).

9. The energy-saving and emission-reducing waste gas treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The waste gas treatment tank (1) is equipped with a treatment door (32) that is sealed and can be opened and closed, and a support frame (33) is provided at the bottom of the waste gas treatment tank (1).

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