Concentrated solar high-temperature particle reactor and material processing method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of high-temperature calcination of energy and inorganic non-metallic particulate materials, and particularly relates to a concentrated solar high-temperature particulate reactor and a material processing method. The concentrated solar high-temperature particulate reactor provided by the present application comprises a shell, a rotating disc, a flow guide assembly, a concentrated solar assembly and a discharging mechanism. The shell is internally provided with a cavity, and a feeding port is formed in the sidewall of the shell. A light-transmitting cover is arranged on the top of the shell. The rotating disc is rotatably arranged in the shell, and a discharging channel is arranged in the center of the rotating disc in the axial direction. The flow guide assembly is arranged in the cavity and above the rotating disc, and is used for guiding the material on the rotating disc to move from the edge to the center. The concentrated solar assembly is arranged above the shell. The discharging mechanism comprises a lifting support platform which is arranged in the discharging channel in a lifting manner. The high-temperature particulate reactor provided by the present application solves the problem of mismatch between the material moving path and the solar energy concentration energy distribution, and improves the solar energy utilization efficiency and the reaction uniformity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy and high-temperature calcination technology of inorganic non-metallic particulate materials, and particularly to a high-temperature particulate reactor for concentrated solar energy and a material processing method. Background Technology

[0002] Solar energy, as a clean and renewable energy source, has broad application prospects in the field of industrial high-temperature processing. In the production of building materials such as cement and lime, traditional processes rely on fossil fuels such as coal to provide high-temperature heat sources, resulting in high energy consumption and significant carbon emissions. Utilizing solar energy to replace fossil fuels in industrial high-temperature processing has become an important technological pathway for achieving carbon emission reduction.

[0003] Currently, high-temperature solar energy processing equipment mainly includes tower, trough, and dish concentrator systems combined with various reactor structures. However, existing technologies generally suffer from a mismatch between material movement paths and solar energy distribution.

[0004] Concentrated solar energy typically forms a radial distribution characteristic in the reactor, with high energy density at the center and gradually decreasing towards the periphery. In existing reactors, material movement often adopts axial flow, random distribution, or simple mechanical stirring. After the material enters the reactor, there is a lack of an effective radial movement guidance mechanism. Some materials may be directly exposed to the high energy density area, causing local overheating, while some materials remain in the low energy area, resulting in insufficient heating. This uneven heating affects the sufficiency of the reaction and the consistency of product quality. The material cannot move radially in an orderly manner to fully utilize the radial distribution characteristics of solar energy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in related technologies. To this end, this invention proposes a high-temperature concentrated solar energy particle reactor, which solves the problem of mismatch between the material movement path and the distribution of concentrated solar energy, thereby improving solar energy utilization efficiency and reaction uniformity.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-temperature granular solar energy reactor, comprising: a shell, the interior of which is provided with a cavity, a feed port on the side wall of the shell, and a light-transmitting cover on the top of the shell; a rotary disk rotatably disposed within the shell, with a discharge channel axially disposed at the center of the rotary disk; a flow guiding component disposed within the cavity, located above the rotary disk, for guiding the material on the rotary disk to move from the edge to the center; a concentrating solar energy component disposed above the shell, for forming a radially increasing energy distribution on the rotary disk; and a discharge mechanism, including a lifting platform disposed within the discharge channel, the lifting platform being used to open and close the discharge channel.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the unloading mechanism further includes an unloading box located at the bottom of the rotary table, with an unloading cavity inside the unloading box communicating with the unloading channel; wherein, the lifting platform can move between a first position and a second position, and when the lifting platform is in the first position, the top of the lifting platform is coplanar with the top of the rotary table; when the lifting platform is in the second position, the top of the lifting platform is located inside the unloading cavity, so that the unloading channel communicates with the unloading cavity.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the lifting platform can be rotatably configured.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the unloading mechanism further includes a cleaning component disposed in the unloading box, which can move radially along the lifting platform to clean the material on the top surface of the lifting platform.

[0010] In one possible implementation, a preheater is also included, with a feeding mechanism at the output end of the preheater connected to a feed port for introducing preheated material into the shell in batches.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the device further includes: a cooler having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet being connected to the bottom of the unloading box via an unloading pipe; a ventilation duct, one end of which is connected to the top of the cooler and the other end of which is connected to the bottom of the preheater; and a fan, the output end of which is connected to the bottom of the cooler; wherein the top of the preheater is provided with an air outlet pipe.

[0012] In one possible implementation, an air inlet is provided on the unloading box, an air outlet is provided on the cooler, and an airlock assembly is provided on the unloading pipeline to control the opening and closing of the unloading pipeline.

[0013] In one possible implementation, gas-solid heat exchange beds are respectively installed inside the preheater and the cooler.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the flow guiding assembly includes a fixed rake frame with multiple guide vanes at its bottom, the guide vanes being arranged radially spaced along the rotary table.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the top of the rotary table is provided with a bearing surface for carrying materials, which is a sloping structure that gradually rises from the center to the edge.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the angle α between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane satisfies: 3°≤a≤5°.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the light-transmitting cover employs a double-layer vacuum structure.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention also provides a material processing method using the above-mentioned concentrated solar high-temperature particle reactor, comprising the following steps: feeding material into the outer edge of a rotary disk inside the shell; rotating the rotary disk to move the material from the outer edge to the center under the guidance of the flow guiding component; the concentrated solar component performing gradient heating on the radially moving material on the rotary disk; and discharging the processed material through the discharge channel via the discharge mechanism.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the material is cement raw meal, which undergoes decomposition and calcination sequentially on a rotary table.

[0020] The high-temperature particle reactor provided by this invention focuses solar radiation onto the surface of a rotating disk using a concentrating solar panel. Based on the optical focusing characteristics, a radial energy gradient with high energy density at the center and relatively low energy density at the edges is formed on the rotating disk. The material is introduced into the cavity through the feed port and is located in the edge area of ​​the rotating disk. As the rotating disk rotates, the flow guiding component guides the material on the rotating disk to move radially from the edge to the center. During the movement of the material, the solar radiation intensity at its location gradually increases. The movement path matches the radially increasing energy distribution formed by the concentrating solar panel on the rotating disk, thereby increasing the temperature gradient on the material surface. This solves the problem of mismatch between the material movement path and the solar energy distribution, and improves the solar energy utilization efficiency and reaction uniformity. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention and are not considered as limitations on this application. Moreover, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the high-temperature particle reactor for concentrated solar power provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the high-temperature granular solar energy reactor provided by the present invention when the lifting platform is in the first position; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the high-temperature granular solar energy reactor provided by the present invention when the lifting platform is in the second position; Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the housing, rotary table, flow guiding assembly, and unloading mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the rotary table, feeding mechanism and flow guiding assembly provided by the present invention from a top view.

[0023] Figure label: 1. Shell; 11. Cavity; 12. Light-transmitting cover; 2. Rotary table; 21. Unloading channel; 3. Flow guiding assembly; 31. Fixed rake frame; 32. Guide vanes; 4. Concentrated solar panels; 5. Unloading mechanism; 51. Lifting platform; 52. Unloading box; 521. Unloading chamber; 522. Air inlet; 53. Cleaning assembly; 54. Unloading pipeline; 55. Airlock assembly; 6. Preheater; 61. Feeding mechanism; 7. Cooler; 71. Exhaust vent; 8. Connecting ventilation ducts; 9. Fans; 10. Gas-solid heat exchange bed. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] The specific terms used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the illustrated embodiments. For example, expressions such as "same" and "identical" not only indicate a strictly identical state, but also indicate a state with tolerances or differences in the degree of functionality. For example, expressions indicating relative or absolute arrangement such as "in a certain direction," "along a certain direction," "side by side," "perpendicular," "centered on," "concentric," or "coaxial" not only strictly indicate such an arrangement, but also indicate a state of relative displacement by tolerances or angles or distances with the same degree of functionality.

[0026] The terms “center,” “longitudinal,” “lateral,” “length,” “width,” “thickness,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” “counterclockwise,” “axial,” “radial,” and “circumferential” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] Furthermore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of those features. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, B1 and / or B2 can represent: B1 existing alone, B1 and B2 existing simultaneously, and B2 existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 5 The present invention describes a high-temperature concentrated solar energy particle reactor, comprising: a shell 1, a rotating disk 2, a flow guiding assembly 3, a concentrated solar energy module 4, and a discharge mechanism 5, wherein: The shell 1 has an internal cavity 11, a feed port is provided on the side wall of the shell 1, and a light-transmitting cover 12 is provided on the top of the shell 1.

[0030] The rotary table 2 is rotatably disposed inside the housing 1, and the center of the rotary table 2 is provided with a discharge channel 21 along the axial direction.

[0031] The flow guiding component 3 is disposed inside the cavity 11 and is located above the rotary table 2. It is used to guide the material on the rotary table 2 to move from the edge to the center.

[0032] Concentrating solar module 4 is positioned above housing 1 to form a radially increasing energy distribution on rotary disk 2.

[0033] The unloading mechanism 5 includes a lifting platform 51 that is lifted and installed in the unloading channel 21. The lifting platform 51 is used to open and close the unloading channel 21.

[0034] In this invention, solar radiation is focused and projected onto the surface of a rotating disk 2 by a concentrating solar panel 4. Based on the optical focusing characteristics, a radial energy gradient with high energy density at the center and relatively low energy density at the edges is formed on the rotating disk 2. The material is introduced into the cavity 11 through the feed port and is located in the edge area of ​​the rotating disk 2. As the rotating disk 2 rotates, the flow guiding component 3 guides the material on the rotating disk 2 to gradually move radially from the edge to the center. During the movement of the material, the solar radiation intensity at its location gradually increases. The movement path matches the radially increasing energy distribution formed by the concentrating solar panel 4 on the rotating disk 2, achieving an increase in the surface temperature gradient of the material. This solves the problem of mismatch between the material movement path and the solar energy distribution, improving solar energy utilization efficiency and reaction uniformity. After the material reaches the center and completes the high-temperature reaction, the lifting platform 51 descends to open the unloading channel 21, through which the material is discharged.

[0035] Specifically, the concentrating solar module 4 focuses solar energy onto the surface of the rotary disk 2. Due to the Gaussian distribution characteristics of the focused beam, a radial energy gradient naturally forms on the rotary disk 2, with a high energy density at the center and a relatively low energy density at the edges. The material enters the edge area of ​​the rotary disk 2 from the feed port and moves radially towards the center under the guidance of the flow guide component 3 as the rotary disk 2 rotates. During the movement, the intensity of solar radiation received gradually increases. When the lifting platform 51 rises, its top forms a continuous bearing surface with the top of the rotary disk 2. When it descends, the unloading channel 21 opens to allow the material to be discharged by gravity.

[0036] In one specific embodiment, when processing cement raw meal, the raw meal is fed into the outer edge of the rotary table 2 through the feed port. At this point, the temperature corresponding to the radiation received is approximately 600°C. As it moves towards the center, the temperature gradually increases, reaching 1450°C in the central region. The raw meal primarily undergoes carbonate decomposition in the outer region, while silicate mineral formation is completed in the high-temperature central region, thus realizing a complete decomposition and calcination process. After processing, the lifting platform 51 descends to open the unloading channel 21, and the high-temperature clinker is discharged.

[0037] In related technologies, material movement in existing reactors often adopts axial flow, random distribution, or simple mechanical stirring. After the material enters the reactor, there is a lack of an effective radial movement guidance mechanism. Some materials may be directly exposed to high energy density areas, causing local overheating, while some materials remain in low energy areas, resulting in insufficient heating. This uneven heating affects the sufficiency of the reaction and the consistency of product quality. The material cannot move radially in an orderly manner to make full use of the radial distribution characteristics of solar energy.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, as the material moves from the edge to the center of the rotary disk 2, the solar radiation intensity at the location gradually increases during the movement. The movement path matches the radially increasing energy distribution formed by the concentrating solar module 4 on the rotary disk 2, thereby increasing the surface temperature gradient of the material and solving the problem of mismatch between the material movement path and the energy distribution in the prior art.

[0039] In some embodiments, the unloading mechanism 5 further includes an unloading box 52, which is disposed at the bottom of the rotary table 2. The unloading box 52 has an unloading cavity 521 that communicates with the unloading channel 21. The lifting platform 51 can move between a first position and a second position. When the lifting platform 51 is in the first position, the top of the lifting platform 51 is coplanar with the top of the rotary table 2. When the lifting platform 51 is in the second position, the top of the lifting platform 51 is located inside the unloading cavity 521, so that the unloading channel 21 communicates with the unloading cavity 521.

[0040] In this invention, the unloading box 52 is located at the bottom of the rotary table 2, and its internal unloading chamber 521 is connected to the unloading channel 21, providing a buffer collection space for the discharged material. In the first position, the top of the lifting platform 51 is coplanar with the top of the rotary table 2, forming a complete material-bearing surface; in the second position, its top is located inside the unloading chamber 521, and the unloading channel 21 is fully open and connected to the unloading chamber 521. Switching between these two positions enables the conversion between closed reaction and open unloading operation.

[0041] Specifically, when the lifting platform 51 is in the first position, the top of the platform fills the opening of the unloading channel 21 at the center of the rotary table 2, making the rotary table 2 a continuous bearing surface, allowing the material to be evenly distributed across the entire surface. As the material continuously moves towards the center of the rotary table 2, the lifting platform 51 can move downwards by a certain displacement to provide space for subsequent material, ensuring that subsequent material can move to the central area of ​​the rotary table 2. When unloading is required, the platform descends to the second position, with the top of the platform fully entering the unloading chamber 521. The previously closed unloading channel 21 is completely opened, and the material falls smoothly into the unloading chamber 521 under gravity. When the lifting platform 51 is located within the unloading channel 21, there can be a clearance fit between the lifting platform 51 and the unloading channel 21 to ensure that granular material does not enter the gap between the lifting platform 51 and the unloading channel 21.

[0042] In some embodiments, the lifting platform 51 is rotatable.

[0043] In this invention, the lifting platform 51 has a rotation function, providing an active driving force for material unloading. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the platform acts on the material on the surface of the lifting platform 51, pushing the material radially outward and throwing it into the unloading chamber 521.

[0044] Specifically, the lifting platform 51 can be driven to rotate by a motor or other power unit. After the lifting platform 51 descends to the second position, most of the material on the lifting platform 51 will roll off the edge of the lifting platform 51 into the discharge chamber 521. However, some material will still adhere to the top of the lifting platform 51. At this time, due to the high-speed rotation of the lifting platform 51, the material on the top of the lifting platform 51 will be thrown outward by centrifugal force. The rotation speed can be adjusted according to the properties of the material. For materials with high viscosity, the rotation speed is increased to increase the centrifugal force, while a lower rotation speed is used for loose materials to avoid splashing. The rotation continues until the material on the surface of the platform is cleaned, and then the rotation stops to prepare for the next batch.

[0045] In one specific embodiment, cement clinker at 1450°C has a certain degree of viscosity, and relying solely on gravity for unloading can easily leave residue on the surface of the bearing platform. The lifting bearing platform 51, through rotation, generates centrifugal force to completely throw the viscous clinker from the bearing platform surface into the unloading chamber 521, ensuring a clean bearing platform surface and providing a clean reaction surface for the next batch of raw materials. The centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the lifting bearing platform 51 provides an active cleaning method, significantly improving the thoroughness of unloading, avoiding cross-contamination between batches, and ensuring batch-to-batch consistency of product quality.

[0046] In some embodiments, the unloading mechanism 5 further includes a cleaning component 53 disposed in the unloading box 52. The cleaning component 53 can move radially along the lifting platform 51 to clean the material on the top surface of the lifting platform 51.

[0047] In this invention, the cleaning component 53 installed in the unloading box 52 moves radially along the lifting platform 51 to mechanically clean the material on the top surface of the lifting platform 51. As a supplementary means to the rotating material throwing, the cleaning component 53 can further clean the material on the top of the lifting platform 51, ensuring that the material on the top of the lifting platform 51 is fully cleaned.

[0048] Specifically, the radial movement trajectory of the cleaning component 53 covers the entire surface of the support platform, cleaning up any remaining material that may have been ejected after the rotating material ejection. The cleaning path moves from the center of the support platform outwards or from the outer edge to the center, ensuring that all areas are cleaned. The cleaning component 53 can be used after the lifting support platform 51 has rotated and ejected material, or it can be used synchronously with the rotation of the lifting support platform 51. The cleaning component 53 loosens the material on the surface of the lifting support platform 51, which is then ejected under centrifugal force.

[0049] In some embodiments, a preheater 6 is also included. The output end of the preheater 6 is provided with a feeding mechanism 61, which is connected to a feeding port and is used to introduce preheated materials into the housing 1 in batches.

[0050] In this invention, the preheater 6 is equipped with a feeding mechanism 61 connected to the feed port, enabling the batch introduction of preheated materials into the reactor. The preheater 6 pre-treats the materials, reducing the heat load on the main reactor, and the batch feeding by the feeding mechanism 61 matches the batch processing mode of the reactor.

[0051] Specifically, the material first enters the preheater 6 for preheating, where circulating hot gas heats the material from room temperature to a medium temperature. The preheated material is then fed into the reactor feed inlet via the feeding mechanism 61 in predetermined batch quantities and at predetermined time intervals. The feeding mechanism 61 controls the feed rate and timing, synchronizing with the reactor's processing cycle to ensure continuous and stable production.

[0052] In one specific embodiment, the cement raw meal is preheated to 600°C in the preheater 6 by hot gas from the cooler 7, completing moisture evaporation and partial pre-decomposition of carbonates. The preheated raw meal is then fed into the reactor in batches. Because the material is preheated, the energy consumption of solar concentrators during the initial heating stage is reduced, allowing more concentrated solar energy to be used for the critical calcination reaction. The preheater 6 preheats the material, reducing the heat load on the reactor and improving the utilization efficiency of solar concentrators.

[0053] In some embodiments, the device further includes: a cooler 7 having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet being connected to the bottom of the unloading box 52 via an unloading pipe 54; a ventilation duct 8 having one end connected to the top of the cooler 7 and the other end connected to the bottom of the preheater 6; and a fan 9 having its output end connected to the bottom of the cooler 7; wherein the top of the preheater 6 is provided with an air outlet pipe.

[0054] In this invention, the cooler 7, the connecting ventilation duct 8, the fan 9, and the preheater 6 constitute a heat recycling system. High-temperature materials enter the cooler 7 through the discharge pipe 54. The hot gas generated in the cooler 7 is transported to the preheater 6 through the connecting ventilation duct 8 to preheat the materials. The fan 9 provides the driving force for the gas circulation, realizing the cascade utilization of thermal energy within the system.

[0055] Specifically, the high-temperature material enters the cooler 7 from the unloading box 52 via the unloading pipe 54, where it exchanges heat with the cooling air supplied by the fan 9 to lower its temperature. The high-temperature gas generated during the material cooling process enters the bottom of the preheater 6 from the top of the cooler 7 via the connecting ventilation duct 8, heating the material inside the preheater 6. The medium-temperature exhaust gas after preheating is discharged from the outlet pipe at the top of the preheater 6. The output end of the fan 9 is connected to the bottom of the cooler 7 to ensure that the high-temperature gas does not affect the fan 9.

[0056] In one specific embodiment, cement clinker at 1450°C is cooled to 120°C by 20°C air in cooler 7, and the resulting 1150°C hot gas is transported to preheater 6. Raw materials are heated to 600°C in preheater 6, and the hot gas is discharged after its temperature drops to 270°C. By using the waste heat from material cooling for raw material preheating through a heat circulation system, secondary utilization of thermal energy is achieved, significantly improving the overall thermal efficiency of the system and reducing energy consumption and operating costs.

[0057] The heat exchange medium can be either air or carbon dioxide. When carbon dioxide is used as the heat exchange medium, high-concentration carbon dioxide exhaust can be generated. The system can use gaseous carbon dioxide as the circulating heat exchange medium, and the high-concentration carbon dioxide released from the raw materials can be directly connected to the downstream simple carbon dioxide compression process for purification and liquefaction, significantly reducing the carbon capture cost in the cement industry.

[0058] In some embodiments, the unloading box 52 is provided with an air inlet 522, the cooler 7 is provided with an air outlet 71, and the unloading pipeline 54 is provided with an air lock assembly 55, which is used to control the opening and closing of the unloading pipeline 54.

[0059] In this invention, by configuring an air inlet 522 on the unloading box 52 and an exhaust outlet 71 on the cooler 7, a ventilation path is established from the unloading box 52 to the cooler 7. The exhaust from the cooler 7 creates a slightly negative pressure environment inside the shell 1. This negative pressure effectively removes reaction products such as carbon dioxide and water vapor generated during the high-temperature reaction, preventing these gases from accumulating inside the shell 1 and rising to contact the surface of the light-transmitting cover 12. An airlock assembly 55 is installed on the unloading pipeline 54 to control its opening and closing, maintaining the negative pressure inside the shell 1 during unloading, unaffected by external atmospheric pressure. When the airlock assembly 55 is closed, the unloading pipeline 54 is isolated from the outside, and the exhaust system continues to operate, maintaining the negative pressure inside the shell 1. When unloading is required, the airlock assembly 55 is opened, allowing the material to be discharged while maintaining the negative pressure. This ventilation and airlock control effectively prevents corrosive gases and dust generated during the reaction from contaminating the light-transmitting cover 12, preventing a decrease in the light transmittance of the light-transmitting cover 12 and corrosion damage, thus ensuring the effective transmission of concentrated solar energy and the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0060] In some embodiments, the preheater 6 and the cooler 7 are respectively provided with gas-solid heat exchange beds 10.

[0061] In this invention, the gas-solid heat exchange bed 10 inside the preheater 6 and cooler 7 achieves efficient heat transfer between the gas and solid materials. The flow pattern maximizes the heat transfer temperature difference and improves the heat transfer efficiency per unit volume.

[0062] Specifically, in the gas-solid heat exchange bed 10, the hot gas in the preheater 6 enters from the lower part of the bed and flows upward, while the material enters from the upper part of the bed and moves downward. The two exchange heat in counter-current contact within the bed, ensuring that the preheated material enters the reactor first. In the cooler 7, the material enters from the upper part of the bed and flows downward, allowing the cold gas to contact the hottest material first and the coldest material last, maintaining maximum heat transfer driving force. The material has sufficient residence time within the bed, ensuring thorough heat exchange. The residence time of the material in the gas-solid heat exchange bed 10 inside the preheater 6 and cooler 7 is longer than that inside the sintered shell 1, with a residence ratio of approximately 3 to 6 times, maximizing heat recovery efficiency.

[0063] In one specific embodiment, the 1150°C hot gas in the preheater 6 exchanges heat with the 20°C raw material, resulting in a gas outlet temperature drop to 270°C and a raw material outlet temperature rise to 600°C. In the cooler 7, the 1450°C clinker exchanges heat with the 20°C air, resulting in a clinker outlet temperature drop to 120°C and an air outlet temperature rise to 1150°C, achieving good heat recovery. The gas-solid heat exchange bed 10, through optimized flow patterns, achieves higher heat transfer efficiency within the same equipment size, shortens heat exchange time, reduces equipment volume, and improves heat recovery.

[0064] In some embodiments, the flow guiding assembly 3 includes a fixed rake frame 31, and a plurality of guide blades 32 are provided at the bottom of the fixed rake frame 31. The plurality of guide blades 32 are arranged at radial intervals along the rotary table 2.

[0065] In this invention, multiple guide vanes 32 at the bottom of the fixed rake frame 31 are arranged radially at intervals along the rotary table 2 to form a guide track for material movement. The fixed rake frame 31 remains stationary, and when the rotary table 2 rotates, the guide vanes 32 and the material generate relative motion, thereby controlling the direction of material movement.

[0066] Specifically, the guide vanes 32 are arranged at radial intervals, with each vane corresponding to a specific radial region. When the rotary table 2 rotates, the material slides relative to the stationary guide vanes 32, and the spatial position and geometry of the vanes guide the material along a predetermined path. Multiple guide vanes 32 ensure that the material is guided throughout the entire radial range, avoiding any blind spots. The material at the edge of the rotary table 2 surface is guided by the outermost guide vane 32, moving a certain displacement towards the center of the rotary table 2. After the rotary table 2 completes one rotation, it is guided by the next guide vane 32 to move again towards the center, until the material reaches the center of the rotary table 2.

[0067] In one specific embodiment, after the cement raw materials are fed from the outer edge of the rotary table 2, they move towards the center along a set trajectory under the guidance of the guide vanes 32 below the fixed rake frame 31. Each guide vane 32 covers a certain radial section, ensuring that all raw materials can move along the same path and undergo the same heat treatment process, thus guaranteeing the uniformity of product quality.

[0068] In some embodiments, the top of the rotary table 2 is provided with a bearing surface for carrying materials, and the bearing surface is an inclined structure that gradually rises from the center to the edge.

[0069] In this invention, a bearing surface is provided on the top of the rotary table 2 to support the material. The bearing surface adopts an inclined structure that gradually rises from the center to the edge. During the rotation of the rotary table 2, the material is subjected to the downward component of gravity along the inclined surface and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation. Due to the small angle of the inclined surface, the component of gravity and the centrifugal force are balanced, causing the material to tumble on the bearing surface instead of simply sliding. During the tumbling process, different parts of the material alternately face the direction of the light-transmitting cover 12, increasing the uniformity of solar radiation received by each part of the material and avoiding the problem of uneven heating caused by long-term shading of one side of the material. The inclined structure also facilitates the radial movement of the material under the guidance of the flow guiding component 3. Under the combined action of gravity and centrifugal force, the material can move radially towards the center while maintaining a tumbling state, achieving the dual effects of movement path control and uniform heating.

[0070] Specifically, the inclined structure makes the bearing surface form a conical surface that tilts towards the center. On this surface, the material is subjected to the component of gravity along the inclined plane. Combined with the centrifugal force of the rotating disk 2, the material can roll on the surface of the rotating disk 2, so that different parts of the material can be fully heated, further improving the uniformity of material heating.

[0071] In some embodiments, the angle α between the inclined structure and the horizontal plane satisfies: 3°≤a≤5°.

[0072] In this invention, the angle α between the inclined plane and the horizontal plane is controlled within the range of 3° ≤ α ≤ 5°, ensuring optimal material tumbling. When the angle is less than 3°, the component of gravity along the inclined plane is too small to effectively coordinate with centrifugal force, resulting in insufficient material tumbling. When the angle is greater than 5°, the component of gravity is too large, causing the material to slide rapidly along the inclined plane without sufficient tumbling. Within the angle range of 3° to 5°, the component of gravity and centrifugal force reach a balance, allowing the material to maintain stable radial movement and continuous tumbling on the bearing surface, ensuring that all surfaces of the material particles have the opportunity to receive solar radiation upwards. This angle design achieves maximum uniformity of material heating through the principle of mechanical balance, improving the completeness of the reaction and the consistency of product quality.

[0073] In some embodiments, the light-transmitting cover 12 adopts a double-layer vacuum structure.

[0074] In this invention, the light-transmitting cover 12 adopts a double-layer vacuum structure to ensure high light transmittance and low thermal conductivity of concentrated solar energy. The double-layer vacuum structure of the light-transmitting cover 12 achieves excellent heat insulation performance while ensuring high light transmittance. The vacuum layer blocks heat conduction, reduces the loss of high-temperature heat from the reactor, and improves the efficiency of solar energy utilization.

[0075] Specifically, a vacuum is drawn between the inner and outer light-transmitting covers 12 to form a heat insulation layer. The extremely low thermal conductivity of the vacuum effectively prevents heat conduction. The inner light-transmitting cover 12 directly faces the high-temperature reaction environment, while the outer light-transmitting cover 12 is in contact with the external environment. The vacuum insulation between the two layers keeps the outer layer temperature at a low level, preventing heat loss and ensuring operational safety. The double-layer structure also enhances the overall strength and improves resistance to pressure and thermal shock.

[0076] In one specific embodiment, when the internal temperature of the reactor reaches 1450°C, the inner transparent cover 12 withstands the high temperature, but due to the heat insulation effect of the vacuum layer, the temperature of the outer transparent cover 12 is only 60-80°C, significantly reducing heat loss to the environment. The strength of the double-layer structure enables it to withstand the thermal stress and pressure difference generated by the temperature difference between the inside and outside.

[0077] The present invention also provides a material processing method using the above-mentioned high-temperature particle reactor for concentrated solar power, comprising the following steps: S1. Input the material into the outer edge of the rotary table 2 inside the shell 1; S2. Rotate the turntable 2 to move the material from the outer edge to the center under the guidance of the flow guiding component 3; S3, Concentrating solar module 4 performs gradient heating on the radially moving material on rotary table 2; S4. The processed material is discharged from the unloading channel 21 through the unloading mechanism 5.

[0078] In this invention, the material is fed from the outer edge of the rotary table 2 and moves radially to the center under the guidance of the flow guiding component 3. During the movement, it receives gradient heating from concentrated solar energy. After the reaction is completed, it is discharged in batches through the unloading mechanism 5, realizing the phased temperature treatment of the material and intermittent high-quality production.

[0079] Specifically, after the material is fed into the outer edge, it rotates with the rotary table 2 and moves radially towards the center under the action of the flow guiding component 3. The movement trajectory matches the radial energy distribution of solar concentrating. The material receives solar radiation of different intensities at different radial positions, achieving a gradual increase in temperature. The reacted material is discharged uniformly in the central area through the unloading mechanism 5, completing a full processing cycle.

[0080] In one specific embodiment, the cement raw meal temperature rises continuously from 600°C at the outer edge to 1450°C at the center as it moves radially, sequentially completing the carbonate decomposition and silicate combination reactions. This temperature gradient conforms to the inherent requirements of chemical reactions, avoiding the adverse effects of rapid temperature increases on the reaction process. The gradient heating process matches the material reaction mechanism, avoiding the damage to material quality caused by temperature jumps, and improving reaction efficiency and product quality.

[0081] In some embodiments, the material is cement raw meal, which undergoes decomposition and calcination sequentially on the rotary table 2.

[0082] In this invention, cement raw meal is the object of processing, and the two main reaction stages of decomposition and calcination are completed sequentially on a rotary table 2. The gradient temperature distribution is highly matched with the multi-stage reaction characteristics of cement raw meal, realizing the efficient application of solar energy in cement production.

[0083] Specifically, cement raw materials are composed of limestone, clay, and other raw materials, which require different reactions to be completed at different temperatures: carbonate decomposition occurs at 800-1000℃, and silicate combination occurs at 1400-1450℃. The raw materials complete the decomposition reaction and release carbon dioxide in the outer medium-temperature zone, while clinker minerals are formed in the central high-temperature zone. The radial movement process achieves natural zoning of the reaction and improves the sufficiency of the reaction at each stage.

[0084] In one specific embodiment, limestone-based cement raw materials decompose into calcium oxide and release carbon dioxide in the outer region; the decomposition gases can be directly collected for carbon utilization. In the central high-temperature zone, calcium oxide combines with components such as silica to form cementing minerals such as tricalcium silicate, forming qualified cement clinker. The entire process relies entirely on solar energy, achieving zero fossil fuel consumption in cement production. Utilizing the radial temperature gradient characteristics of solar energy concentration, precise temperature control is achieved for the decomposition and calcination of cement raw materials, improving clinker quality and production efficiency. Completely replacing fossil fuels eliminates carbon dioxide emissions from fuel combustion, providing a technological path for the low-carbon development of the cement industry.

[0085] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention and should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-temperature granular reactor for concentrating solar energy, characterized in that, include: The housing has an internal cavity, a feed port on its side wall, and a light-transmitting cover on its top. A rotary table is rotatably disposed within the housing, and a discharge channel is provided axially at the center of the rotary table; A flow guiding component is disposed within the cavity and is located above the rotary table, used to guide the material on the rotary table to move from the edge to the center; A concentrating solar panel is disposed above the housing to form a radially increasing energy distribution on the rotary disk; The unloading mechanism includes a lifting platform that is vertically mounted within the unloading channel, the lifting platform being used to open and close the unloading channel.

2. The high-temperature granular solar concentrator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unloading mechanism also includes an unloading box, which is located at the bottom of the rotary table, and the unloading box has an unloading cavity that communicates with the unloading channel. The lifting platform can move between a first position and a second position. When the lifting platform is in the first position, the top of the lifting platform is coplanar with the top of the rotary table. When the lifting platform is in the second position, the top of the lifting platform is located inside the unloading chamber, so that the unloading channel is connected to the unloading chamber.

3. The high-temperature granular solar energy reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting platform can be rotatably set.

4. The high-temperature granular solar energy reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The unloading mechanism also includes a cleaning component disposed in the unloading box. The cleaning component can move radially along the lifting platform to clean the material on the top surface of the lifting platform.

5. The high-temperature granular solar concentrator according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a preheater, the output end of which is provided with a feeding mechanism, which is connected to the feeding port and is used to introduce preheated materials into the shell in batches.

6. The high-temperature granular solar concentrator according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: A cooler having an inlet and an outlet, the inlet being connected to the bottom of the unloading box via an unloading pipe; A connecting ventilation duct, one end of which is connected to the top of the cooler, and the other end of which is connected to the bottom of the preheater; A fan, the output end of which is connected to the bottom of the cooler; The preheater is equipped with an air outlet pipe at its top.

7. The high-temperature granular solar energy reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that, An airlock assembly is installed on the unloading pipeline, which is used to control the opening and closing of the unloading pipeline.

8. The high-temperature granular solar energy reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preheater and the cooler are respectively equipped with gas-solid heat exchange beds.

9. The high-temperature granular solar concentrator according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The top of the rotary table is provided with a bearing surface for carrying materials, and the bearing surface is a sloping structure that gradually rises from the center to the edge.

10. A material processing method using a high-temperature granular solar reactor as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The material is fed into the outer edge of the rotary table inside the shell; Rotate the turntable to move the material from the outer edge to the center under the guidance of the flow guiding component; Concentrated solar panels provide gradient heating for materials moving radially on a rotating disk; The processed material is discharged from the unloading channel through the unloading mechanism.

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