Closed four-column servo bench press

Abstract

The application discloses a closed four-column servo bench press, which comprises a base, a beam, a motor, a transmission mechanism, a crankshaft, a connecting rod and a sliding block, the sliding block is internally provided with an oil storage cavity, an oil injection hole is formed in the circumferential surface of the sliding block, an oil cylinder is fixedly arranged outside the sliding block, a piston assembly is arranged in the oil cylinder, an oil outlet valve is arranged between the oil cylinder and the oil storage cavity, an oil inlet valve is further connected to the oil cylinder, a return spring and a counterweight are arranged on the piston assembly, when stamping deceleration occurs, the piston assembly is compressed under the action of inertial force, lubricating oil is pressed into the oil storage cavity through the oil outlet valve and is sprayed out from the oil injection hole, thereby realizing stamping synchronous lubrication; a reverse taper throttle block is arranged below the piston head, the throttle gap is automatically adjusted with the change of stamping load, the oil injection amount is adaptively matched with the load, a flange and a flow guide groove are arranged on the throttle block, and hydraulic pressure is utilized to assist the throttle block to realize fast response; the application does not need an external power source, realizes stamping synchronous lubrication, load adaptive adjustment and fast response, and effectively reduces die wear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of stamping machinery technology, and in particular relates to a closed four-column servo benchtop press. Background Technology

[0002] A closed-type four-column servo press is a commonly used stamping equipment, widely applied in forming processes such as blanking, bending, and deep drawing of metal sheets. A traditional closed-type four-column servo press typically includes a machine body, a worktable, four columns, a slide block, and a crank-connecting rod mechanism driven by a servo motor. Driven by the crank-connecting rod, the slide block reciprocates linearly along the machine body guide rails, causing the upper die to engage with the lower die fixed to the worktable, applying pressure to the sheet metal placed in the die to form its shape. To ensure stamping accuracy and die life, a guide structure is usually provided between the slide block and the machine body guide rails, and the die surface may also be hardened.

[0003] However, during continuous stamping, the peripheral edge of the upper die (i.e., the slide block) and the stamped part material experience intense friction due to relative sliding, leading to accelerated wear on the peripheral wall of the upper die and a significant reduction in die life. Metal debris generated by this wear adheres to the die surface, scratching subsequent stamped parts and affecting surface quality. Frequent die replacements not only increase production costs but also reduce production efficiency. To address these issues, a closed-loop four-column servo benchtop press is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a closed-type four-column servo benchtop press to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention relates to a closed-type four-column servo bench press, comprising a base, a machine beam, a motor, a transmission mechanism, a crankshaft, a connecting rod, and a slider. The slider has an internal oil storage chamber, and its circumferential surface has several oil injection holes communicating with the oil storage chamber. An oil cylinder is fixedly mounted externally on the slider, and a reciprocating piston assembly is located inside the oil cylinder. An oil outlet valve is provided between the oil cylinder and the oil storage chamber of the slider, and the oil cylinder is also connected to an oil inlet valve. A spring is provided between the piston assembly and the slider, and a gravity component and a reset component are provided on the piston assembly. When the slider decelerates during the stamping process, the piston assembly moves relative to the oil cylinder under the action of inertial force, forcing the lubricating oil in the oil cylinder into the oil storage chamber of the slider through the oil outlet valve and spraying it out from the oil injection hole.

[0006] Preferably, the cylinder is L-shaped, and the piston assembly includes a piston rod slidably disposed in the cylinder, a piston head fixed to the bottom end of the piston rod, and a limiting plate fixed to the upper end of the piston rod. An annular groove is formed on the circumferential side of the piston head, and a sealing ring is fixedly disposed in the annular groove. The reset assembly includes a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the circumferential side of the piston rod.

[0007] Preferably, the upper end of the cylinder is detachably provided with a plug cover, the plug cover has a guide hole for the piston rod to pass through, a dustproof ring is fixedly provided on the top of the plug cover, and the two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the plug cover and the limiting plate respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the gravity component includes a counterweight, the bottom end of which is fixedly connected to a screw, and the counterweight is detachably connected to a limiting plate via the screw. A limiting ring and a throttle plate are fixedly provided inside the cylinder. The limiting ring is located below the piston head, and a buffer pad is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the limiting ring. The throttle plate is located below the limiting ring, and a throttle hole is provided on the throttle plate.

[0009] Preferably, four columns are fixedly connected between the machine beam and the base, so that the whole equipment forms a closed structure. The motor is fixedly installed on the rear side of the machine beam. The motor is connected to the transmission mechanism, which is connected to the crankshaft. The connecting rod is connected in the middle of the crankshaft, and the bottom end of the connecting rod is connected to the slider.

[0010] Preferably, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the piston head, and a throttling block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod. The throttling block is arranged in an inverted cone shape, and the throttling block is located inside the throttling orifice and forms a variable throttling gap with the throttling orifice.

[0011] Preferably, a flange is fixedly connected between the connecting rod and the throttling block, and a plurality of guide grooves are provided on the flange. The flange is used to generate auxiliary hydraulic pressure when the oil flows through it, and the auxiliary throttling block moves with the piston head.

[0012] Preferably, the oil storage chamber includes an annular oil channel and a vertical hole, both of which are formed inside the slider. The upper end of the vertical hole is connected to the oil outlet valve, the lower end of the vertical hole is connected to the annular oil channel, and the annular oil channel is connected to the oil injection hole.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the oil inlet valve is fixedly connected to an oil supply pipe, one end of the oil supply pipe is fixedly connected to an oil supply mechanism, the oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the slider via a bracket, an exhaust hole is provided above the plug cover, a screw is threaded into the exhaust hole, and a sealing gasket is provided between the screw and the plug cover.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of guide rails are fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the machine beam, and a limit groove is provided on the guide rail. A limit block is slidably provided in the limit groove, and the limit block is fixedly connected to the slider.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention achieves synchronous adaptive lubrication of the upper die periphery during the stamping process, effectively reducing friction and wear between the die and the material. Specifically, it is achieved by setting up an oil cylinder fixedly connected to the slide block, a piston assembly slidably set in the oil cylinder, and an oil outlet check valve connecting the oil cylinder and the oil storage chamber of the slide block. The piston assembly is driven by the inertial force of the slide block during stamping deceleration, which automatically presses the lubricating oil into the oil spray hole on the periphery of the slide block and sprays it out, thus achieving mechanical synchronization between oil spraying and stamping action. 2. This invention achieves adaptive matching between the injection quantity and the stamping load, avoiding oil waste under light load and insufficient lubrication under heavy load. Specifically, a connecting rod and an inverted conical throttling block are installed below the piston head. The throttling block is inserted into the throttling hole of the throttling plate. When the piston head produces different strokes with changes in stamping load, the annular gap between the throttling block and the throttling hole changes accordingly, thereby adjusting the injection flow rate. The greater the load, the greater the injection quantity, and the smaller the load, the smaller the injection quantity. 3. This invention achieves rapid response and stable movement of the throttling block, further improving the dynamic performance of adaptive adjustment. Specifically, a flange is set between the connecting rod and the throttling block, and the pressure difference generated when the oil flows through the flange assists the throttling block to move bidirectionally with the piston head, reducing response lag. At the same time, the guide groove opened on the flange guides the oil to flow evenly, avoiding the throttling block from tilting or getting stuck, and ensuring the stability and reliability of long-term use.

[0016] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A; Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure at point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pressing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the slider of the pressing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lubrication mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of the lubrication mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the hydraulically assisted throttling mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] The components represented by each number in the attached diagram are listed below: 1. Base; 2. Machine beam; 3. Motor; 4. Transmission mechanism; 5. Crankshaft; 6. Connecting rod; 7. Slider; 8. Oil cylinder; 9. Vertical hole; 10. Oil outlet valve; 11. Oil inlet valve; 12. Oil supply pipe; 13. Plug cap; 14. Piston rod; 15. Spring; 16. Piston head; 17. Limiting ring; 18. Throttling plate; 19. Annular oil passage; 20. Oil injection hole; 21. Limiting groove; 22. Limiting block; 23. Limiting plate; 24. Counterweight; 25. Dustproof ring; 26. Buffer pad; 27. Connecting rod; 28. Screw; 29. ​​Sealing ring; 30. Throttling orifice; 31. Flange; 32. Throttling block; 33. Guide groove; 34. Guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "middle," "outer," "inner," etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-10As shown, this invention is a closed-type four-column servo benchtop press, including a base 1, a machine beam 2, a motor 3, a transmission mechanism 4, a crankshaft 5, a connecting rod 6, and a slider 7. Four columns are fixedly connected between the machine beam 2 and the base 1, forming a closed frame structure for the entire machine. This provides high-rigidity support for the machine body, ensuring that the deformation of the machine body is kept to a minimum during the stamping process, thereby guaranteeing stamping accuracy. The motor 3 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the machine beam 2. The output end of the motor 3 is connected to the transmission mechanism 4, which is connected to the crankshaft 5. The connecting rod 6 is connected to the eccentric part of the crankshaft 5, and its bottom end is hinged to the slider 7. The slider 7 slides vertically between the machine beam 2 and the base 1, driving the upper die to stamp the material placed on the worktable. The motor 3, transmission mechanism 4, crankshaft 5, and connecting rod 6 constitute a drive system, converting the rotational motion of the motor 3 into the linear reciprocating motion of the slider 7.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, the motor 3 drives the crankshaft 5 to rotate, the crankshaft 5 drives the connecting rod 6 to swing, and the connecting rod 6 drives the slider 7 to reciprocate in the vertical direction, so as to realize continuous stamping operation.

[0024] Please combine Figures 3-5 as well as Figure 8 and Figure 9 The slider 7 has an internal oil storage chamber, and several oil spray holes 20 communicating with the oil storage chamber are opened on its peripheral side. The oil storage chamber is used to temporarily store the lubricating oil to be sprayed. The oil spray holes 20 are evenly distributed along the periphery of the slider 7 to ensure that the lubricating oil can be evenly sprayed onto the friction interface between the slider 7 and the material, avoiding increased wear due to uneven local lubrication. The orifice diameter of the oil spray holes 20 is carefully designed to ensure that the oil can be smoothly sprayed out under pressure, while preventing the oil from dripping under normal pressure by relying on surface tension.

[0025] A hydraulic cylinder 8 is fixedly mounted externally on the slider 7. The hydraulic cylinder 8 is fixedly connected to the slider 7 via a bracket, allowing the hydraulic cylinder 8 to move together with the slider 7. The hydraulic cylinder 8 contains a reciprocating piston assembly. An oil outlet valve 10 is located between the hydraulic cylinder 8 and the oil storage chamber of the slider 7. The hydraulic cylinder 8 is also connected to an oil inlet valve 11. The oil outlet valve 10 is a one-way valve, allowing oil to flow only from the hydraulic cylinder 8 to the oil storage chamber of the slider 7, preventing backflow during the return stroke. The oil inlet valve 11 is also a one-way valve, with one end fixedly connected to an oil supply pipe 12. The other end of the oil supply pipe 12 is fixedly connected to an oil supply mechanism, which replenishes lubricating oil to the hydraulic cylinder 8. The oil inlet valve 11 only allows oil to flow from the oil supply mechanism into the hydraulic cylinder 8, preventing oil from flowing back into the oil supply pipe 12 when the piston assembly is compressed.

[0026] A spring 15 is provided between the piston assembly and the slider 7, and a counterweight 24 is provided on the piston assembly. The spring 15 provides a restoring force, and the counterweight 24 is used to increase the inertial mass of the piston assembly. When the slider 7 accelerates or decelerates during the stamping process, the counterweight 24 enables the piston assembly to obtain a greater inertial force, thereby driving the piston assembly to move relative to the hydraulic cylinder 8.

[0027] Please combine Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The hydraulic cylinder 8 is L-shaped, comprising a vertical section and a horizontal section. The L-shaped design allows the hydraulic cylinder 8 to be compactly arranged on the side of the slider 7, without affecting the structural strength of the slider 7, while providing sufficient stroke for the piston assembly. The piston assembly includes a piston rod 14 slidably disposed within the hydraulic cylinder 8, a piston head 16 fixed to the bottom end of the piston rod 14, and a limiting plate 23 fixed to the upper end of the piston rod 14. The piston rod 14 is coaxially arranged with the vertical section of the hydraulic cylinder 8. An annular groove is formed on the circumferential side of the piston head 16, and a sealing ring 29 is fixedly disposed within the annular groove. The sealing ring 29 slides and seals against the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder 8, preventing oil leakage from the gap between the piston head 16 and the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder 8, ensuring that a sufficiently high oil pressure can be established when the piston head 16 is compressed.

[0028] A spring 15 is fitted onto the circumferential side of the piston rod 14. One end of the spring 15 abuts against the plug cover 13, and the other end abuts against the limiting plate 23. The spring 15 is always in a compressed state, applying an upward thrust to the limiting plate 23, so that the piston assembly remains at the top dead center position when there is no inertial force. A plug cover 13 is detachably installed at the upper end of the oil cylinder 8. A guide hole is provided on the plug cover 13 for the piston rod 14 to pass through. A dustproof ring 25 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the plug cover 13. The dustproof ring 25 is fitted onto the circumferential side of the piston rod 14 to prevent external dust from entering the oil cylinder 8 and contaminating the lubricating oil. A vent hole is also provided on the upper part of the plug cover 13. A screw is threaded into the vent hole, and a sealing gasket is provided between the screw and the plug cover 13. During the initial oil filling, air in the oil cylinder 8 can be discharged through the vent hole to ensure that the oil chamber is full of oil.

[0029] A screw 28 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the counterweight 24, and the counterweight 24 is detachably connected to the limiting plate 23 via the screw 28. By replacing the counterweight 24 with different masses, the total mass of the piston assembly can be adjusted, thereby changing the magnitude of the inertial force to meet the needs of different stamping speeds or different tonnage presses.

[0030] Through the above technical solution, when the slider 7 accelerates downward, the piston assembly lags behind the movement of the slider 7 due to inertia. The piston head 16 moves upward relative to the oil cylinder 8, increasing the volume of the oil chamber below the piston head 16 in the oil cylinder 8 and creating a negative pressure. When the piston head 16 is in motion, its lower half is used to draw in and squeeze out lubricating oil, while its upper half has corresponding air holes (not shown in the figure). The oil inlet valve 11 is opened, and lubricating oil is drawn into the oil cylinder 8 from the oil supply mechanism through the oil supply pipe 12 and the oil inlet valve 11. When the slider 7 reaches the bottom dead center and comes into contact with the material, it decelerates rapidly. The counterweight 24 and the piston assembly continue to move downward due to inertia. The piston head 16 moves downward relative to the oil cylinder 8, compressing the oil chamber below the piston head 16. The oil pressure rises sharply, the oil outlet valve 10 is opened, and the high-pressure oil enters the oil storage chamber of the slider 7 through the oil outlet valve 10, and finally is sprayed out at high speed from the oil spray hole 20, forming a lubricating film between the slider 7 and the material. During the return stroke, spring 15 pushes the piston assembly upward to reset, and negative pressure is generated again in oil cylinder 8. Oil inlet valve 11 opens to draw in new oil, completing one lubrication cycle.

[0031] This solution utilizes the inertial force generated during the stamping process itself as a power source, eliminating the need for any external motors, pump stations, or electrical control components, thus achieving mechanical synchronization between oil injection and stamping actions. The greater the stamping load, the greater the deceleration acceleration of the slider 7, the greater the inertial force of the piston assembly, and the higher the oil injection pressure. This allows for an adaptive increase in the oil injection quantity with the stamping load. Simultaneously, the spring 15 ensures accurate reset of the piston assembly after each return stroke, guaranteeing sufficient oil in the cylinder 8 for the next stamping operation.

[0032] Please combine Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 A limiting ring 17 and a throttle plate 18 are fixedly installed in the vertical section of the hydraulic cylinder 8. The limiting ring 17 is located below the piston head 16, and a buffer pad 26 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the limiting ring 17. The limiting ring 17 is used to limit the maximum downward stroke of the piston head 16, preventing the piston head 16 from being over-compressed and damaging the bottom structure of the hydraulic cylinder 8. The buffer pad 26 is made of elastic material. When the piston head 16 impacts the limiting ring 17, the buffer pad 26 can absorb the impact energy, reduce noise and vibration, and extend the service life of the components. The throttle plate 18 is located below the limiting ring 17, and a throttle orifice 30 is opened on the throttle plate 18.

[0033] A connecting rod 27 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the piston head 16, and a throttling block 32 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod 27. The throttling block 32 is inverted conical (i.e., the upper diameter is smaller than the lower diameter). The throttling block 32 is located inside the throttling orifice 30 and forms a variable throttling gap with the orifice 30. When the piston head 16 has different strokes due to changes in the stamping load, the axial position of the throttling block 32 inside the throttling orifice 30 changes accordingly. Since the throttling block 32 is inverted conical, its radial dimension is different at different axial positions. Therefore, the annular gap area between the throttling block 32 and the inner wall of the throttling orifice 30 changes with the stroke of the piston head 16. Specifically, the larger the stroke of the piston head 16, the larger the corresponding stamping load, the more the throttling block 32 moves downward, and the more of the thicker part of the throttling block 32 exits the throttling orifice 30, thus increasing the annular gap area; conversely, the smaller the stroke, the smaller the annular gap area. The size of the annular gap area directly determines the flow rate of lubricating oil from the oil cylinder 8 to the oil outlet valve 10, thereby realizing the adaptive adjustment of the oil injection quantity according to the stamping load.

[0034] Through the above technical solution, when the stamping load is small, the piston head 16 has a short stroke, the throttle block 32 moves downward less, and the thinner part of the throttle block 32 is located within the throttle orifice 30, resulting in a small annular gap area and a small oil injection volume, thus avoiding oil waste and environmental pollution. When the stamping load is large, the piston head 16 has a long stroke, the throttle block 32 moves downward more, and the thinner part of the throttle block 32 exits the throttle orifice 30, increasing the annular gap area and the oil injection volume. This ensures sufficient lubrication between the mold and the material, effectively reducing friction and wear. This solution utilizes the linkage between the inverted conical structure of the throttle block 32 and the stroke of the piston head 16 to achieve precise adaptive matching between the oil injection volume and the stamping load without any sensors or electronic control components.

[0035] Please combine Figures 8-10 A flange 31 is fixedly connected between the connecting rod 27 and the throttling block 32. Several guide grooves 33 are formed on the flange 31. The flange 31 is an annular protrusion structure, with an outer diameter larger than the diameter of the connecting rod 27 but smaller than the diameter of the throttling orifice 30, ensuring that the flange 31 can move freely within the throttling orifice 30 without contacting the orifice wall. When oil flows through the annular gap between the throttling block 32 and the throttling orifice 30, the oil simultaneously flows over the surface of the flange 31. Due to the pressure difference across the throttling orifice 30—that is, the oil pressure above the throttling block 32 is higher than the oil pressure below—the upper and lower surfaces of the flange 31 bear different oil pressures, thereby generating auxiliary hydraulic pressure. The direction of this auxiliary hydraulic pressure is consistent with the direction of the oil pressure difference, assisting in pushing the throttling block 32 to move with the piston head 16.

[0036] The guide grooves 33 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the flange 31. Their function is to guide the oil to flow evenly across the surface of the flange 31, preventing the flange 31 from being deflected or stuck due to eccentric torque caused by uneven oil flow. At the same time, the guide grooves 33 can also reduce the flow resistance of the oil when it flows across the flange 31, improve the flow efficiency of the oil, and make the movement of the throttling block 32 more sensitive.

[0037] Through the above technical solution, when the piston head 16 moves downward, the oil pressure above the flange 31 is higher than that below, generating a downward auxiliary hydraulic pressure. This helps the throttle block 32 move downward more quickly, improving the response speed of the throttle block 32 and reducing the response lag caused by the viscous damping of the oil. When the piston head 16 moves upward, the oil pressure direction is opposite, generating an upward auxiliary hydraulic pressure. This helps the throttle block 32 reset more quickly, ensuring that the throttle block 32 is in the correct position when the next press begins. The guide groove 33 ensures the uniformity and smoothness of the oil flow, preventing the throttle block 32 from deviating or getting stuck during high-speed movement, significantly improving the dynamic performance and long-term operational reliability of the adaptive adjustment mechanism.

[0038] Please combine Figure 4 and Figure 5 The oil reservoir includes an annular oil channel 19 and a vertical hole 9, both of which are located within the slider 7. The vertical hole 9 extends vertically along the slider 7, its upper end communicating with the oil outlet valve 10, and its lower end communicating with the annular oil channel 19. The annular oil channel 19 extends circumferentially around the slider 7, connecting to all the oil injection holes 20. The design of the annular oil channel 19 ensures that lubricating oil can simultaneously reach all the oil injection holes 20 around the slider 7, achieving uniform circumferential oil spraying. The vertical hole 9, serving as a channel connecting the oil outlet valve 10 and the annular oil channel 19, has a smooth inner wall to reduce oil flow resistance.

[0039] Please combine Figure 6 and Figure 7 Several guide rails 34 are fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the machine beam 2. Limiting grooves 21 are formed on the guide rails 34, and limiting blocks 22 slide within the limiting grooves 21, with the limiting blocks 22 fixedly connected to the slider 7. The guide rails 34 extend vertically, and the limiting grooves 21 are T-shaped or dovetail grooves, with the limiting blocks 22 slidingly engaged with them. Through the cooperation of the guide rails 34 and the limiting blocks 22, the slider 7 is precisely guided, ensuring its linear movement in the vertical direction without deflection. The limiting grooves 21 and the limiting blocks 22 also withstand the lateral forces on the slider 7, preventing it from shaking during operation and ensuring stamping accuracy.

[0040] Through the above technical solution, this invention transforms the inertial force generated during the stamping process into the power to drive the lubricating oil injection, achieving mechanical synchronization between the oil injection action and the stamping action. By cooperating with the inverted conical throttling block 32 and the throttling orifice 30, the oil injection quantity is adaptively adjusted according to the stamping load. Under light loads, the oil injection quantity is automatically reduced to avoid waste, while under heavy loads, the oil injection quantity is automatically increased to ensure sufficient lubrication. The design of the flange 31 and the guide groove 33 improves the dynamic response speed of the throttling block 32, ensuring the long-term stability of the adaptive adjustment mechanism. These three innovations work synergistically to form a complete, purely mechanical, self-driven lubrication system. Without any external power source, sensors, or electrical control components, it achieves efficient, precise, and reliable mold lubrication, effectively reducing friction and wear on the mold's peripheral walls, extending mold life, reducing production costs, and improving the surface quality of stamped parts.

[0041] Working principle: When the slider 7 descends to the bottom dead center and comes into contact with the material, it decelerates rapidly. The piston rod 14 and the counterweight 24 continue to move downward under inertia, pushing the piston head 16 to compress the lubricating oil in the oil cylinder 8. The high-pressure oil pushes open the oil outlet valve 10 and sprays out at high speed from the oil spray hole 20 on the side of the slider 7 through the vertical hole 9 and the annular oil passage 19, forming a lubricating film between the slider 7 and the material. At the same time, when the piston head 16 descends, it drives the inverted conical throttling block 32 to move downward through the connecting rod 27. Since the throttling block 32 is inverted conical, the more it moves downward, the larger the annular gap between it and the throttling hole 30 becomes. The amount of oil injected increases adaptively with the increase of the stamping load. The flange 31 uses the pressure difference before and after the throttling hole 30 to generate auxiliary fluid pressure to help the throttling block 32 respond quickly. During the return stroke, the spring 15 pushes the piston assembly to reset, and the oil inlet valve 11 opens to draw in new oil, completing one lubrication cycle.

[0042] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0043] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A closed-type four-column servo benchtop press, comprising a base (1), a machine beam (2), a motor (3), a transmission mechanism (4), a crankshaft (5), a connecting rod (6), and a slider (7), characterized in that: The slider (7) has an oil storage cavity inside, and the slider (7) has several oil injection holes (20) that communicate with the oil storage cavity on its peripheral side. A hydraulic cylinder (8) is fixedly installed on the outside of the slider (7). A reciprocating piston assembly is provided inside the hydraulic cylinder (8). An oil outlet valve (10) is provided between the hydraulic cylinder (8) and the oil storage chamber of the slider (7). An oil inlet valve (11) is also connected to the hydraulic cylinder (8). A spring (15) is provided between the piston assembly and the slider (7). A gravity assembly and a reset assembly are provided on the piston assembly. When the slider (7) decelerates during the press, the piston assembly moves relative to the oil cylinder (8) under the action of inertial force, and the lubricating oil in the oil cylinder (8) is pressed into the oil storage chamber of the slider (7) through the oil outlet valve (10) and sprayed out from the oil injection hole (20).

2. The closed-type four-column servo benchtop press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder (8) is L-shaped. The piston assembly includes a piston rod (14) slidably disposed in the cylinder (8), a piston head (16) fixed to the bottom end of the piston rod (14), and a limiting plate (23) fixed to the upper end of the piston rod (14). The piston head (16) has an annular groove on its circumferential side, and a sealing ring (29) is fixedly disposed in the annular groove. The reset assembly includes a spring (15), which is sleeved on the circumferential side of the piston rod (14).

3. A closed-type four-column servo benchtop press according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper end of the cylinder (8) is detachably provided with a plug cover (13). The plug cover (13) has a guide hole for the piston rod (14) to pass through. A dustproof ring (25) is fixedly provided above the plug cover (13). The two ends of the spring (15) are fixedly connected to the plug cover (13) and the limiting plate (23) respectively.

4. A closed-type four-column servo benchtop press according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gravity component includes a counterweight (24), and a screw (28) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the counterweight (24). The counterweight (24) is detachably connected to the limiting plate (23) through the screw (28). A limiting ring (17) and a throttle plate (18) are fixedly provided inside the cylinder (8). The limiting ring (17) is located below the piston head (16). A buffer pad (26) is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the limiting ring (17). The throttle plate (18) is located below the limiting ring (17). A throttle hole (30) is opened on the throttle plate (18).

5. A closed-type four-column servo benchtop press according to claim 1, characterized in that, Four columns are fixedly connected between the machine beam (2) and the base (1) to form a closed structure of the whole equipment. The motor (3) is fixedly installed on the rear side of the machine beam (2). The motor (3) is connected to the transmission mechanism (4). The transmission mechanism (4) is connected to the crankshaft (5). The connecting rod (6) is connected in the middle of the crankshaft (5). The bottom end of the connecting rod (6) is connected to the slider (7).

6. A closed-type four-column servo benchtop press according to claim 4, characterized in that, A connecting rod (27) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the piston head (16), and a throttling block (32) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod (27). The throttling block (32) is set in an inverted cone shape. The throttling block (32) is located inside the throttling hole (30) and forms a variable throttling gap with the throttling hole (30).

7. A closed-type four-column servo benchtop press according to claim 6, characterized in that, A flange (31) is fixedly connected between the connecting rod (27) and the throttling block (32). Several guide grooves (33) are provided on the flange (31). The flange (31) is used to generate auxiliary hydraulic pressure when the oil flows through it. The auxiliary throttling block (32) moves with the piston head (16).

8. A closed-type four-column servo benchtop press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil storage chamber includes an annular oil passage (19) and a vertical hole (9). Both the annular oil passage (19) and the vertical hole (9) are located inside the slider (7). The upper end of the vertical hole (9) is connected to the oil outlet valve (10), and the lower end of the vertical hole (9) is connected to the annular oil passage (19). The annular oil passage (19) is connected to the oil injection hole (20).

9. A closed-type four-column servo benchtop press according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the oil inlet valve (11) is fixedly connected to the oil supply pipe (12), and one end of the oil supply pipe (12) is fixedly connected to the oil supply mechanism. The oil cylinder (8) is fixedly connected to the slider (7) through the bracket. An exhaust hole is provided above the plug cover (13). A screw is threaded into the exhaust hole, and a sealing gasket is provided between the screw and the plug cover (13).

10. A closed-type four-column servo benchtop press according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the machine beam (2) is fixedly provided with several guide rails (34), and a limit groove (21) is opened on the guide rail (34). A limit block (22) is slidably provided in the limit groove (21), and the limit block (22) is fixedly connected to the slider (7).

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