Extrusion rapid forming die and forming method of commercial vehicle cross axle universal joint

Abstract

The application discloses an extrusion rapid forming die and forming method of a cross axle universal joint of a commercial vehicle, and particularly relates to the technical field of precision forming dies of automobile parts, and comprises an equipment base, a forming pressure seat and a blanking and collecting mechanism, the top of the equipment base is fixedly connected with a gantry frame, a pair of guide columns is symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the gantry frame, an upper die sliding base is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide column, the middle of the upper die sliding base is fixedly connected with the forming pressure seat, and the bottom of the forming pressure seat is detachably connected with a forming punch; the top surface of the equipment base is fixedly connected with a lower die bearing table, and the lower extrusion die is assembled on the upper part of the lower die bearing table through a lower die mounting bottom plate, the automatic feeding mechanism and the blanking and collecting mechanism can realize automatic feeding positioning of the blank, automatic blanking and collecting of the finished product, and the whole-process automatic operation, manual intervention in the blanking and feeding process is not needed, the overall production efficiency can be improved, the large-scale production rhythm can be adapted, manual operation errors can be avoided, and the forming precision and production safety can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of precision forming mold technology for automotive parts, and more specifically, to an extrusion rapid forming mold and forming method for a cross shaft universal joint for commercial vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Universal joints are core components in commercial vehicle transmission systems that enable variable-angle power transmission. They are widely used in drive shaft assemblies of heavy-duty trucks, large and medium-sized buses, and other commercial vehicles. With the large-scale upgrading of the commercial vehicle manufacturing industry, the industry has set higher standards for the mass production efficiency, material utilization rate, and overall mechanical properties of universal joints. Cold extrusion molding process has the characteristics of low material loss, continuous metallographic structure of workpiece, and excellent structural strength, and has become the mainstream processing path for universal joint parts. The structural design of the molding die is the key foundation for ensuring extrusion molding efficiency and finished product dimensional accuracy. The existing publication number CN210253625U discloses a cold extrusion cross shaft closed-loop forming die for heavy-duty trucks, belonging to the field of cross shaft forming die technology. It includes an extrusion press base, an upper die frame on the extrusion press base, several guide pillars between the upper die frame and the extrusion press base, shock-absorbing support frames on the sides of the upper die frame, several downward pressing cylinders on the upper die frame, and an upper pressing die movably sleeved with the guide pillars at the lower end of each downward pressing cylinder. An upper lifting cylinder extending from the extrusion press base is provided, and a downward pressing die movably sleeved with the guide pillars is provided between the upper lifting cylinder and the upper pressing die. The downward pressing die and the upper pressing die are in a movable pressing contact. This method has the advantages of simple processing, low labor intensity, high safety and reliability, high processing accuracy, and long service life, improving the extrusion stability and forming qualification rate of the product. It also reduces equipment vibration and lowers equipment operating noise. The inventors discovered the following problems with the prior art during the development of this application: Most existing commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint extrusion molding dies adopt a manual loading and unloading operation mode, relying solely on manual labor to complete the blank loading and positioning and finished product unloading and collection. This not only results in low overall production efficiency, making it difficult to match the pace of large-scale mass production, but also easily affects molding accuracy due to human operation errors, and may even cause safety accidents. Therefore, in response to the above problems, a rapid extrusion molding die and molding method for commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joints are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, this application provides a rapid prototyping mold and molding method for commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joints to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: a rapid extrusion molding die for a commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint, comprising an equipment base, a forming pressure seat, an automatic feeding mechanism, and a material unloading and collecting mechanism. A gantry frame is fixedly connected to the top of the equipment base. A pair of guide columns are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the gantry frame. An upper die slide is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide columns. A forming pressure seat is fixedly connected directly to the middle of the upper die slide. A forming punch is detachably installed at the bottom of the forming pressure seat. A lower die support platform is fixedly connected to the top surface of the equipment base directly below the forming punch. A lower extrusion die is fixedly assembled on the upper part of the lower die support platform through a lower die mounting base plate. An automatic feeding mechanism and a material unloading and collecting mechanism are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the equipment base.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, a closed force-bearing frame is formed by the equipment base and the gantry crane, and the guide columns ensure the mold closing accuracy. With the automatic feeding and unloading and receiving mechanisms on both sides, the continuous automated operation of the molding process is realized, which effectively improves production efficiency and ensures the consistency of the cross shaft molding dimensions.

[0006] Preferably, a drive cylinder is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the top of the gantry frame, and the output end of the drive cylinder is vertically downward and connected to the center position of the top surface of the upper mold slide.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the upper mold slide is directly driven by the drive cylinder to move vertically and reciprocally. The power transmission path is short and the force direction is consistent with the mold closing direction. This allows for precise control of the forming stroke and extrusion force, improving the mold closing response speed and alignment accuracy, and ensuring the stability of extrusion molding.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of lower mold positioning pins are fixedly connected to the bottom corner of the lower mold mounting base plate, and positioning pin holes are opened at corresponding positions on the bottom of the lower mold support platform, and the lower mold positioning pins can be embedded in the positioning pin holes; limit pin holes are opened on the surface edge of the lower mold support platform, and limit pins corresponding to the positions of the limit pin holes are fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower mold support platform.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the lower die positioning pin and the positioning pin hole are fitted together to achieve coaxial alignment. With the help of the limiting pin hole and the limiting pin body, the lateral movement is restricted, which can offset the lateral force during the extrusion process, avoid the lower die offset, improve the mold closing accuracy, and extend the overall service life of the mold.

[0010] Preferably, the automatic feeding mechanism includes a vibratory feeder frame, which is vertically fixed to the feeding side of the equipment base. A vibratory feeding plate is installed on the top of the vibratory feeder frame. A spiral feeding trough is provided on the inner side wall of the vibratory feeding plate. A straight vibratory feeding channel is horizontally connected to the discharge end of the spiral feeding trough. A feeding pusher is slidably provided at the discharge position of the end of the straight vibratory feeding channel. A positioning groove matching the shape of the workpiece is opened on the top of the feeding pusher.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the vibrating feeder and the spiral feeder complete the automatic sorting of billets. After being conveyed by the straight vibrating feeder, the billets are positioned by the feeding pusher, realizing automatic and orderly feeding of billets, reducing manual intervention, and improving the stability and consistency of the feeding cycle.

[0012] Preferably, the automatic feeding mechanism further includes a fixed column, which is fixedly connected to the top of the equipment base on the feeding side. A transverse mounting beam is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed column, and a transverse sliding rod is slidably connected to the top of the transverse mounting beam. A feeding gripper is fixedly connected to one side of the transverse sliding rod. A second cylinder is fixed to the outer end of the transverse mounting beam through a cylinder mounting seat. The output end of the second cylinder is connected to the top of the transverse sliding rod through a transmission rod, which drives the feeding gripper to reciprocate along the transverse sliding rod, thereby transferring the blank in the feeding pusher positioning groove to the cavity of the lower extrusion die.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the second cylinder drives the transverse slide bar through the transmission rod to move the feeding gripper back and forth, which can accurately transfer the blank into the mold cavity. The transfer positioning accuracy is high and the speed is adjustable, which is suitable for rapid prototyping cycle and improves the automation level of the feeding process.

[0014] Preferably, the material feeding and receiving mechanism includes a fixed rod, a transverse guide rail is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed rod, the transverse guide rail is horizontally arranged on the inner wall of the discharge side of the gantry frame, a sliding seat is slidably connected to the outer side of the transverse guide rail, a material receiving end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding seat, and a material feeding slide is inclinedly arranged on the discharge side of the equipment base corresponding to the moving path of the material receiving end.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding seat moves back and forth along the transverse guide rail to automatically complete the demolding transfer and unloading of the formed workpiece, replacing manual material handling, eliminating operational safety hazards, and effectively improving the operating efficiency of the unloading process.

[0016] Preferably, a finished product receiving box is placed at the bottom of the lower end of the feeding chute, the top opening of the finished product receiving box is directly opposite the lower outlet of the feeding chute, and multiple anti-collision cotton strips are fixed to the inner side wall of the finished product receiving box.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the inclined feeding slide guides the workpiece to slide down by its own weight. In conjunction with the anti-collision cotton strip on the inside of the finished product receiving box, the impact force of falling is buffered, avoiding rigid collision between the workpiece and the box body, reducing surface bumps and scratches, and ensuring the appearance and surface quality of the finished product.

[0018] Preferably, a control panel is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the equipment base. The control panel is electrically connected to the drive cylinder, the second cylinder, and the vibrating feed plate, and is used to set the extrusion stroke and feeding rhythm parameters, and control the start and stop of the entire mold and the coordinated operation of each process.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the control panel can uniformly control all driving and feeding components, flexibly set parameters such as extrusion stroke and feeding rhythm, coordinate the running sequence of each process, and make the operation convenient and intuitive, so as to quickly adjust parameters to adapt to the production of workpieces of different specifications.

[0020] Preferably, electromagnetic adsorption blocks are embedded in the inner side of both the material picking end and the feeding claw. The electromagnetic adsorption blocks are electrically connected to the control panel, and the adsorption, gripping and releasing of the blank and the formed workpiece are controlled by turning the power on and off.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the material picking end and the feeding gripper use electromagnetic adsorption to pick up and put down materials. The power on / off control response is rapid and will not damage the surface of the workpiece. Combined with the moving mechanism, it can achieve precise picking and putting, effectively ensuring the surface quality of the workpiece and adapting to the fast production pace.

[0022] A rapid prototyping method for extrusion molds of commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joints: The method includes the following steps: Step S, Vibration sorting and feeding: The vibrating feeding plate starts to run, and the internal billet rises spirally along the spiral feeding groove to complete automatic sorting and orientation. It enters the straight vibrating feeding channel in sequence and is conveyed forward at a uniform speed. After reaching the discharge end, it falls into the positioning groove of the feeding push block to complete a single positioning. Step S, cylinder gripper transport: The second cylinder drives the transverse sliding rod to slide laterally along the transverse mounting beam through the transmission rod, which moves the feeding gripper to the top of the positioning groove. The electromagnetic adsorption block is energized to attract the blank. The second cylinder resets and drives the feeding gripper to move laterally, accurately transferring the blank into the cavity of the lower extrusion die. The electromagnetic adsorption block is de-energized to release the blank. Step S, Extrusion Molding: The drive cylinder extends downward, pushing the upper die slide vertically down along the guide column, causing the forming punch to embed into the lower extrusion die cavity, applying continuous extrusion pressure to the blank to plastically deform it and fill the cavity. The lower die positioning pin engages with the positioning pin hole to ensure the coaxiality of the mold closing. The limit pin is embedded in the limit pin hole to restrict the lateral movement of the lower die. After the extrusion and pressure holding are completed, the drive cylinder retracts to reset the upper die. Step S, Electromagnetic end picking: The third cylinder drives the sliding seat to move along the transverse guide rail toward the center of the mold, which in turn moves the picking end to the top of the lower extrusion die. The electromagnetic adsorption block is energized and holds the formed workpiece. The third cylinder drives the sliding seat to move in the opposite direction to the top of the unloading slide. The electromagnetic adsorption block is de-energized and releases the workpiece. Step S, Inclined slide unloading: The workpiece slides down the inclined slide at 20° to 40° by its own weight into the finished product collection box below. The anti-collision cotton strip buffers the impact of falling and completes the centralized collection of finished products. Step S, Cyclic Operation: Repeat steps S1 to S5 to achieve fully automated continuous cyclic production of extrusion rapid prototyping.

[0023] The technical effects and advantages of this application are as follows: 1. Compared with existing technologies, the extrusion rapid prototyping mold and molding method for the commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint is equipped with an automatic feeding mechanism and a feeding and collecting mechanism. It can realize the fully automated operation of automatic blank feeding and positioning and automatic finished product feeding and collecting, without the need for manual intervention in the feeding and collecting process. This can not only improve the overall production efficiency and adapt to the pace of large-scale mass production, but also avoid human operation errors and ensure molding accuracy and production safety.

[0024] 2. Compared with the existing technology, the extrusion rapid prototyping mold and forming method of the commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint can quickly complete the positioning and assembly of the lower extrusion die on the surface of the lower die carrier by the fitting positioning of the lower die positioning pin and the positioning pin hole, and the matching positioning of the limiting pin body and the limiting pin hole. This facilitates the quick replacement of the appropriate lower extrusion die according to the different specifications of the cross shaft universal joint products, and improves the adaptability and mold changing efficiency of the mold.

[0025] 3. Compared with existing technologies, the extrusion rapid prototyping mold and forming method of this commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint uses a sliding seat to drive the material picking end to move laterally along the transverse guide rail, completing the gripping and transfer of the workpiece after forming. With the inclined unloading slide, the finished product automatically slides into the box, simplifying the unloading process and eliminating the need for manual part picking. In addition, the addition of anti-collision cotton strips on the inside of the finished product receiving box can buffer the impact of the falling finished product, avoid the finished product from being bumped and damaged, and ensure the appearance quality of the finished product. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower extrusion die in this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the forming punch of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the material feeding chute of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the material receiving end of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral feeding trough of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse sliding rod of this application.

[0027] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Equipment base; 2. Gantry frame; 3. Guide column; 4. Upper mold slide; 5. Drive cylinder; 6. Forming press; 7. Forming punch; 8. Lower mold mounting base plate; 801. Lower mold positioning pin; 802. Positioning pin hole; 9. Lower mold support platform; 901. Limiting pin hole; 10. Lower extrusion die; 11. Control panel; 12. Fixed rod; 13. Transverse guide rail; 14. Sliding seat; 15. Material picking end; 16. Discharge slide; 17. Finished product receiving box; 18. Vibratory feeder frame; 19. Vibratory feeder; 20. Spiral feeder; 21. Straight vibratory feeder; 22. Loading pusher block; 23. Fixed column; 24. Transverse mounting beam; 25. Transverse slide bar; 26. Feeding gripper; 27. Cylinder mounting seat; 28. Second cylinder; 29. ​​Transmission rod. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] Example 1 As attached Figures 1 to 7 The extrusion rapid prototyping mold and forming method for a commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint shown includes an equipment base 1, a forming pressure seat 6, an automatic feeding mechanism, and a material unloading and collecting mechanism. A gantry frame 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the equipment base 1. A pair of guide columns 3 are symmetrically arranged inside the gantry frame 2. An upper mold slide 4 is slidably connected to the inside of the guide columns 3. A forming pressure seat 6 is fixedly connected directly to the middle of the upper mold slide 4. A forming punch 7 is detachably installed at the bottom of the forming pressure seat 6. A lower mold support platform 9 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the equipment base 1 directly below the forming punch 7. A lower extrusion die 10 is fixedly assembled on the upper part of the lower mold support platform 9 through a lower mold mounting base plate 8. An automatic feeding mechanism and a material unloading and collecting mechanism are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the equipment base 1.

[0030] The equipment base 1 bears the operating load of the entire mold, the gantry frame 2 constructs a closed force-bearing structure to withstand the extrusion force, the guide column 3 forms a precise guiding constraint on the vertical movement of the upper mold slide 4, the forming punch 7 moves down with the upper mold and closes with the lower extrusion die 10 to complete the blank extrusion forming, and the automatic feeding and unloading and receiving mechanisms on both sides connect the feeding and unloading links of the forming station respectively. This structure can realize the continuous automated operation of the forming process, effectively improve production efficiency, and ensure the consistency of forming accuracy.

[0031] Example 2 Based on Example 1, the solution in Example 1 will be further described in detail below with reference to the specific working method, such as... Figures 1 to 7 As shown below, see details: In a preferred embodiment, the drive cylinder 5 is fixed to the top of the gantry frame 2, and the output end directly applies a vertical driving force to the upper mold slide 4, pushing the upper mold slide 4 to reciprocate up and down along the guide column 3. The power transmission path is short and the force direction is consistent with the mold closing direction, which can control the downward stroke of the forming punch 7 and the extrusion holding pressure. This drive method has a fast transmission response speed and high mold closing alignment accuracy, which can effectively ensure the dimensional stability of extrusion molding.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, when the lower mold mounting base plate 8 is assembled, the lower mold positioning pin 801 on the bottom surface is embedded in the positioning pin hole 802 of the lower mold support platform 9 to complete coaxial alignment. The limiting pin body at the edge is inserted into the limiting pin hole 901 to restrict the lateral movement of the lower mold. During the extrusion process, the lateral force is borne by the pin body and the pin hole together, which avoids the lower mold from shifting due to the extrusion force and reduces mold wear.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the vibrating feeder 19 generates high-frequency vibration, which drives the internal billet to gradually rise along the spiral feed trough 20 and complete the orientation sorting. The sorted billet enters the straight vibrating feed channel 21 and is conveyed forward at a uniform speed. After reaching the end, it falls precisely into the positioning groove of the feeding pusher block 22 to complete the single-piece positioning, providing stable feeding for subsequent transfer processes, reducing manual intervention, and improving the consistency of the feeding rhythm.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the fixed column 23 supports the transverse mounting beam 24 to form a support frame for feeding and transferring materials. The second cylinder 28 outputs lateral driving force through the transmission rod 29, which drives the transverse sliding rod 25 to slide along the beam, causing the feeding gripper 26 to move back and forth between the material picking station and the mold cavity station, completing the precise transfer of the blank from the positioning groove to the cavity. The positioning and transfer speed of this transfer structure is adjustable, which can be adapted to the production cycle of rapid prototyping.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the transverse guide rail 13 is fixed to the discharge side to provide sliding guidance. The sliding seat 14 moves horizontally back and forth along the guide rail. The fixed rod 12 drives the material picking end 15 to move synchronously. After molding, the material picking end 15 moves to the top of the mold cavity to grab the workpiece and then moves it to the upper end of the unloading slide 16 for release. This can automatically complete the workpiece demolding and transfer, avoid the safety risks of manual material picking, and improve the discharge efficiency.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the feeding chute 16 is arranged at an angle to guide the workpiece to slide down by its own weight. The finished product receiving box 17 receives the sliding molded workpiece. The anti-collision cotton strip on the inner wall forms a flexible buffer when the workpiece falls in, offsetting the falling impact force and avoiding rigid collision between the workpiece surface and the box body.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, the control panel 11 serves as the control terminal for the entire equipment, integrating parameter setting and start / stop control functions. It can output control signals to the drive cylinder 5, the second cylinder 28, and the vibrating feed plate 19 respectively, adjust the extrusion stroke, feeding speed, and vibration frequency, coordinate the running sequence of each process, and is easy to operate, facilitating quick adjustment of parameters to adapt to the production of workpieces of different specifications.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic adsorption block inside the material picking end 15 and the feeding gripper 26 generates magnetic attraction after being energized, which can stably adsorb metal billets and formed workpieces. After the power is turned off, the magnetic force disappears and the workpiece is released. The timing of power on and off can be precisely controlled by the control panel 11, and the material picking and placing actions are completed in conjunction with the moving structure. This adsorption picking method will not damage the surface of the workpiece, and the picking and placing response speed is fast, which is suitable for fast production rhythm.

[0039] A rapid prototyping method for extrusion molds of commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joints: The method includes the following steps: Step S1, Vibration sorting and feeding: The vibrating feeding plate 19 starts to run, and the internal billet rises spirally along the spiral feeding groove 20 to complete automatic sorting and orientation. It enters the straight vibrating feeding channel 21 in sequence and is conveyed forward at a uniform speed. After reaching the discharge end, it falls into the positioning groove of the feeding push block 22 to complete a single positioning. Step S2, cylinder gripper transport: The second cylinder 28 drives the transverse sliding rod 25 to slide laterally along the transverse mounting beam 24 through the transmission rod 29, which drives the feeding gripper 26 to move above the positioning groove. The electromagnetic adsorption block is energized to attract the blank. The second cylinder 28 is reset and drives the feeding gripper 26 to move laterally, accurately transferring the blank into the cavity of the lower extrusion die 10. The electromagnetic adsorption block is de-energized to release the blank. Step S3, Extrusion Molding: Drive cylinder 5 extends downward, pushing upper mold slide 4 vertically downward along guide column 3, causing forming punch 7 to embed into the cavity of lower extrusion die 10, applying continuous extrusion pressure to the blank to plastically deform and fill the cavity, lower mold positioning pin 801 and positioning pin hole 802 engage to ensure mold coaxiality, limit pin body is embedded in limit pin hole 901 to restrict the lateral movement of lower mold, after extrusion and pressure holding is completed, drive cylinder 5 retracts to drive upper mold to reset; Step S4, Electromagnetic end picking: The third cylinder drives the sliding seat 14 to move along the transverse guide rail 13 toward the center of the mold, driving the picking end 15 to move to the top of the lower extrusion die 10. The electromagnetic adsorption block is energized to hold the formed workpiece. The third cylinder drives the sliding seat 14 to move in the opposite direction to the top of the unloading slide 16. The electromagnetic adsorption block is de-energized to release the workpiece. Step S5, Inclined slide unloading: The workpiece slides down the inclined slide 16 at an angle of 20° to 40° by its own weight into the finished product collection box 17 below. The anti-collision cotton strip buffers the impact of falling and completes the centralized collection of finished products. Step S6, Cyclic Operation: Repeat steps S1 to S5 to achieve fully automated continuous cyclic production of extrusion rapid prototyping.

[0040] The working process of this application is as follows: During operation, the vibrating feeder 19 starts running, and the bar billets inside rise spirally along the spiral feeder 20 to complete automatic sorting and orientation. They then enter the straight vibrating feeder 21 and are conveyed forward at a uniform speed. After reaching the discharge end, they fall into the positioning groove of the feeding pusher 22 to complete a single positioning. Subsequently, the second cylinder 28 drives the transverse sliding rod 25 to slide laterally along the transverse mounting beam 24 through the transmission rod 29, which drives the feeding gripper 26 to move above the positioning groove. The inner electromagnetic adsorption block is energized to attract the billet. The second cylinder 28 resets and drives the feeding gripper 26 to move laterally, accurately transferring the billet into the cavity of the lower extrusion die 10, completing the fully automatic feeding process.

[0041] After the blank is in place, the drive cylinder 5 at the top of the gantry frame 2 extends downward, pushing the upper mold slide 4 to descend vertically and smoothly along the guide columns 3 on both sides, causing the forming pressure seat 6 and the forming punch 7 to move down synchronously. The forming punch 7 gradually embeds into the cavity of the lower extrusion die 10, applying continuous extrusion pressure to the blank to cause plastic deformation, gradually filling the cavity to form a cross-shaped universal joint. The lower mold positioning pin 801 at the bottom of the lower mold mounting base plate 8 engages with the positioning pin hole 802 of the lower mold support table 9 to ensure the coaxiality and positional accuracy of the mold closing. After the extrusion and pressure holding are completed, the drive cylinder 5 retracts, driving the upper mold to move upward and reset.

[0042] After the mold is opened and reset, the sliding seat 14 moves along the transverse guide rail 13 towards the center of the mold, driving the material picking end 15 to move directly above the lower extrusion die 10. The electromagnetic adsorption block is energized and attracts the formed workpiece. Then, the sliding seat 14 moves in the opposite direction to the upper end of the unloading slide 16. The electromagnetic adsorption block is de-energized and releases the workpiece. The workpiece slides down the inclined unloading slide 16 into the finished product collection box 17 below for centralized collection. The entire set of equipment is uniformly controlled by the control panel 11 to achieve continuous automated cycle of feeding, extrusion molding, unloading and collection, thereby improving the molding production efficiency of the cross shaft. The above is the working principle of the extrusion rapid prototyping mold and molding method of the commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint.

Claims

1. A rapid prototyping die for a commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint, comprising a base (1), a forming pressure seat (6), an automatic feeding mechanism, and a material unloading and collecting mechanism, characterized in that: The top of the equipment base (1) is fixedly connected to a gantry frame (2). A pair of guide columns (3) are symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the gantry frame (2). An upper mold slide (4) is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide columns (3). A forming pressure seat (6) is fixedly connected directly to the middle of the upper mold slide (4). A forming punch (7) is detachably installed at the bottom of the forming pressure seat (6). A lower mold support platform (9) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the equipment base (1) directly below the forming punch (7). A lower extrusion die (10) is fixedly assembled on the upper part of the lower mold support platform (9) through a lower mold mounting base plate (8). An automatic feeding mechanism and a feeding and receiving mechanism are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the equipment base (1).

2. The extrusion rapid prototyping die for a commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drive cylinder (5) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the top of the gantry frame (2). The output end of the drive cylinder (5) is vertically downward and connected to the center position of the top surface of the upper mold slide (4).

3. The extrusion rapid prototyping die for a commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple lower mold positioning pins (801) are fixedly connected to the bottom corner of the lower mold mounting base plate (8). Positioning pin holes (802) are opened at the corresponding positions on the bottom of the lower mold support platform (9). The lower mold positioning pins (801) can be embedded in the positioning pin holes (802). Limiting pin holes (901) are opened on the surface edge of the lower mold support platform (9). Limiting pins corresponding to the positions of the limiting pin holes (901) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the lower mold support platform (9).

4. The extrusion rapid prototyping die for a commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic feeding mechanism includes a vibratory feeder frame (18), which is vertically fixed to the feeding side of the equipment base (1). A vibratory feeding plate (19) is installed on the top of the vibratory feeder frame (18). A spiral feeding groove (20) is provided on the inner side wall of the vibratory feeding plate (19). A straight vibratory feeding channel (21) is horizontally connected to the discharge end of the spiral feeding groove (20). A feeding pusher (22) is slidably provided at the discharge position of the end of the straight vibratory feeding channel (21). A positioning groove matching the shape of the workpiece is opened on the top of the feeding pusher (22).

5. The extrusion rapid prototyping die for a commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic feeding mechanism also includes a fixed column (23), which is fixed to the top feeding side of the equipment base (1). A transverse mounting beam (24) is fixed to the top of the fixed column (23), and a transverse sliding rod (25) is slidably connected to the top of the transverse mounting beam (24). A feeding gripper (26) is fixed to one side of the transverse sliding rod (25). A second cylinder (28) is fixed to the outer end of the transverse mounting beam (24) through a cylinder mounting seat (27). The output end of the second cylinder (28) is connected to the top of the transverse sliding rod (25) through a transmission rod (29) to drive the feeding gripper (26) to move back and forth along the transverse sliding rod (25) and transfer the blank in the positioning groove of the feeding push block (22) to the cavity of the lower extrusion die (10).

6. The extrusion rapid prototyping die for a commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding and receiving mechanism includes a fixed rod (12), a transverse guide rail (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed rod (12), the transverse guide rail (13) is horizontally set on the inner wall of the discharge side of the gantry frame (2), a sliding seat (14) is slidably connected to the outside of the transverse guide rail (13), a material picking end (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding seat (14), and a feeding slide (16) is inclinedly set on the discharge side of the equipment base (1) corresponding to the moving path of the material picking end (15).

7. The extrusion rapid prototyping die for a commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint according to claim 6, characterized in that: A finished product receiving box (17) is placed at the bottom of the lower end of the feeding chute (16). The top opening of the finished product receiving box (17) is directly opposite the lower outlet of the feeding chute (16). Multiple anti-collision cotton strips are fixed to the inner side wall of the finished product receiving box (17).

8. The extrusion rapid prototyping die for a commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control panel (11) is fixedly installed on the front side wall of the equipment base (1). The control panel (11) is electrically connected to the drive cylinder (5), the second cylinder (28), and the vibrating feed plate (19) respectively. It is used to set the extrusion stroke and feeding rhythm parameters, and control the start and stop of the entire mold and the coordinated operation of each process.

9. The extrusion rapid prototyping die for a commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint according to claim 7, characterized in that: Electromagnetic adsorption blocks are embedded in the inner sides of the material picking end (15) and the feeding claw (26). The electromagnetic adsorption blocks are electrically connected to the control panel (11) and the adsorption, gripping and releasing of the blank and the formed workpiece are controlled by switching the power on and off.

10. A method for forming a rapid prototyping die for a commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint, applied to the rapid prototyping die for a commercial vehicle cross shaft universal joint as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: Step S1, Vibration sorting and feeding: The vibrating feeder (19) starts running, and the internal billet rises along the spiral feeder (20) to complete automatic sorting and orientation. It enters the straight vibrating feeder (21) in sequence and is conveyed forward at a uniform speed. After reaching the end of the discharge, it falls into the positioning groove of the feeding pusher (22) to complete a single positioning. Step S2, cylinder gripper transport: The second cylinder (28) drives the transverse sliding rod (25) to slide laterally along the transverse mounting beam (24) through the transmission rod (29), which drives the feeding gripper (26) to move above the positioning groove. The electromagnetic adsorption block is energized to attract the blank. The second cylinder (28) resets and drives the feeding gripper (26) to move laterally, accurately transferring the blank to the cavity of the lower extrusion die (10). The electromagnetic adsorption block is de-energized to release the blank. Step S3, Extrusion molding: The drive cylinder (5) extends downward, pushing the upper mold slide (4) vertically downward along the guide column (3), driving the forming punch (7) to embed into the cavity of the lower extrusion die (10), applying continuous extrusion pressure to the blank to make it plastically deform and fill the cavity, the lower mold positioning pin (801) and the positioning pin hole (802) are engaged to ensure the coaxiality of the mold closing, the limit pin is embedded in the limit pin hole (901) to restrict the lateral movement of the lower mold, after the extrusion and pressure holding is completed, the drive cylinder (5) retracts and drives the upper mold to reset; Step S4, Electromagnetic end picking up material: The third cylinder drives the sliding seat (14) to move along the transverse guide rail (13) towards the center of the mold, driving the picking end (15) to move directly above the lower extrusion die (10). The electromagnetic adsorption block is energized to hold the formed workpiece. The third cylinder drives the sliding seat (14) to move in the opposite direction to the upper end of the unloading slide (16). The electromagnetic adsorption block is de-energized to release the workpiece. Step S5, Inclined slide unloading: The workpiece slides down the inclined slide (16) at an angle of 20° to 40° by its own weight into the finished product collection box (17) below. The anti-collision cotton strip buffers the impact of falling and completes the centralized collection of finished products. Step S6, Cyclic Operation: Repeat steps S1 to S5 to achieve fully automated continuous cyclic production of extrusion rapid prototyping.

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