A tool for shaving iron chips and a method for shaving iron chips for gear hard turning

Abstract

The application discloses a tool for removing iron filings and a method for removing iron filings, and belongs to the technical field of automobile gear manufacturing. The tool for removing iron filings comprises a tool body, upper and lower scrapers and a positioning pin. The upper and lower scrapers are symmetrically installed on the head of the tool body, and accurate positioning is realized through the penetrating positioning pin. A group of barbed scrapers are arranged on the inner end surface of the upper and lower scrapers, and each scraper contains an iron filing guide slope of a barbed angle and a wide ligament. The method for removing iron filings is as follows: after gear hard turning finishing, the workpiece is controlled to rotate clockwise, the tool for removing iron filings is driven to reciprocatingly push and pull along the X axis, the barbed teeth are inserted into and physically pulled off the long filamentous iron filings wound in narrow areas; then the workpiece is controlled to rotate counterclockwise to change direction and the iron filings are again pushed and pulled to be scraped, and the pulled-off iron filings are automatically shaken off by centrifugal force. The application realizes 100% automatic removal of strong and tough wound iron filings, saves the manual cleaning link, and breaks through the core bottleneck of hard turning process automation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gear hard turning technology, specifically to a chip scraping tool and a chip scraping method for gear hard turning. Background Technology

[0002] In the automotive gear manufacturing industry, high-precision gear parts such as engine high-pressure oil pump gears, after heat treatment and quenching, are typically finished using a hard turning process that replaces grinding. To meet the stringent dimensional and positional accuracy requirements of the products (e.g., the perpendicularity and parallelism between the datum end face and the datum inner hole), it is usually necessary to continuously complete the datum hole (e.g., ...) in a single clamping operation. Precision machining of multiple parts, including the reference end face (such as M1), the axial groove end face (such as the B1 and B3 dimension end faces), and the arcs (R / r) of each connecting part.

[0003] However, in actual mass production, hard turning after heat treatment faces an extremely challenging chip entanglement problem. The specific reasons and drawbacks are as follows: 1. The characteristics of the workpiece material and cutting allowance make chip breaking extremely difficult: After heat treatment and quenching, the workpiece has extremely high hardness (typically around HRC60) and excellent toughness. The hard turning allowance is extremely small (the allowance on one side is usually within...). Within this range, the final finishing depth of cut can even be as small as... The thickness of the iron chips produced by cutting is only These high-hardness, high-toughness, and extremely thin and fine iron filings are usually in the form of continuous long filaments, making them extremely difficult to break physically. 2. Narrow machining space leads to iron filings accumulating and knotting: The space in the gear turning area is very narrow (for example, the width of the B2 groove is only about...). The grooving tool is approximately [width missing] There is only a tiny gap between the grooving tool and the groove end face. Filamentous iron filings flow randomly within this narrow space, easily forming on the outer circumference of the workpiece (e.g., ...). The metal filings are knotted and tightly wrapped in areas such as the outer circle. This severely impacts production efficiency and automation upgrades: once wrapped, the metal filings cannot detach on their own and must be manually cleaned by workers using hand tools after processing. Cleaning metal filings from a single piece typically requires considerable time and effort. The time difference of just a few seconds not only significantly reduces production efficiency and increases the labor intensity of workers, but also poses a quality risk of products containing metal shavings reaching customers. Furthermore, the problem of shavings entanglement has become a core bottleneck restricting the automation of this process on a production line.

[0004] To address the chip entanglement problem in the confined space of hard turning, the industry has tried various solutions, but none have been effective: 1. Using chip breaker tools: Attempts were made to use hard turning inserts with chip breaker designs, but due to the high hardness and toughness of the material, although there was a certain tendency to break chips, chip entanglement still occurred frequently; 2. Adjusting cutting parameters: Attempts were made to break chips by changing parameters such as cutting speed and feed rate, but due to the small finishing allowance, the generation of long filamentous chips could not be fundamentally solved; 3. High-pressure air / hydraulic blowing chip breaking: Attempts were made to use high-pressure air or high-pressure cutting fluid to blow away chips, but this not only failed to break the tough filamentous chips, but also made the chips more tightly entangled in the narrow outer circle, further increasing the difficulty of subsequent manual removal.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide an efficient and reliable automatic cleaning and chip breaking method that does not require manual intervention for the tough, fine, and easily entangled iron filings generated during hard turning and finishing in a confined space after heat treatment is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a chip scraping tool and chip scraping method for hard turning of gears. It aims to solve the technical problem that when high-hardness (such as HRC60) and high-toughness gear workpieces are hard turned and finished in a narrow space, continuous long filamentous iron chips are easily generated and tightly wrapped. Traditional chip breaking with tools, cutting parameter adjustment and high-pressure blowing are ineffective, resulting in the need for manual cleaning, low production efficiency and inability to achieve automated production.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems and achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a chip scraping tool for gear hard turning, mounted on a CNC lathe turret, comprising a tool body, a shank, and a tool head at the front end. The tool head has symmetrically arranged scraper mounting bodies on its upper and lower sides. An upper scraper and a lower scraper are respectively mounted on the upper and lower scraper mounting bodies on the tool head. A positioning pin passes through the tool head for positioning the upper and lower scrapers in their forward and backward positions. A fastening screw fixes the upper and lower scrapers to the tool body. The inner end faces of both the upper and lower scrapers are provided with groups of barbed scraping teeth, each barbed scraping tooth comprising... The barb angle, wherein the front end of the barb angle is provided with A chip guide ramp, wherein a width of [missing information] is provided between the barb angle and the chip guide ramp. The ligaments.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention: both the upper scraper and the lower scraper are provided with arc-shaped grooves at their rear ends. The arc-shaped grooves are used to be positioned directly above or below the center of the workpiece in the later stage of the chip scraping operation, providing empty running space for the chip scraping tool to change direction and retreat.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes an adjusting feeler gauge, wherein the tool head has a guide groove, and the adjusting feeler gauge is detachably inserted into the guide groove for contacting the outer circle of the workpiece during the debugging stage to determine the radial limit feed position of the chip scraping tool.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention: the tool head has a through-hole for positioning pins, and the positioning pin and the positioning pin hole are interference fit; the total height of the scraper mounting body is Furthermore, the symmetry of the upper and lower mounting surfaces of the scraper mount relative to the central plane of the tool body is [value missing]. .

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention: the cross-sectional dimension of the handle of the tool body is... And the tolerance dimensions along the height direction .

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for scraping iron filings after heat treatment of a gear by hard turning, using the aforementioned scraping tool, comprising the following steps: S1, after heat treatment and quenching, the gear workpiece is subjected to hard turning finishing of all parts in a single clamping state, and then the scraping tool is invoked; S2, the scraping tool is controlled to perform axial and radial tool positioning relative to the gear workpiece; S3, the gear workpiece is controlled to rotate clockwise, driving the scraping tool to perform reciprocating push-pull motion along the X-axis of the CNC lathe, using the barbed scraping teeth to catch and physically break the long filamentous iron filings wrapped around the narrow area of ​​the workpiece; S4, the gear workpiece is controlled to stop rotating and rotate counterclockwise, driving the scraping tool to perform reciprocating push-pull motion along the X-axis to physically break the remaining iron filings; S5, the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the gear workpiece is used to automatically throw off the broken iron filings; S6, the scraping tool is controlled to return to a safe position.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention: Step 2, using the adjusting feeler gauge for tool positioning, specifically includes axial tool setting: aligning the inner surface of the upper or lower scraper with the designated end face of the gear workpiece, and controlling the backlash within a specified range. Radial positioning: Insert the adjusting feeler gauge into the tool head, control the chip scraper to advance radially until the front end of the adjusting feeler gauge contacts the outer diameter of the gear workpiece, and then retract the tool. Align the arc-shaped groove at the rear end of the scraper with the center of the gear workpiece, and then pull out the adjusting feeler gauge after adjustment.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention: during the chip removal process in steps 3 and 4, the unilateral radial clearance between the scraper blade and the workpiece to be scraped is maintained at... .

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention: the reciprocating push-pull motion during clockwise rotation in step 3 consists of 2 cycles, and the reciprocating push-pull motion during counterclockwise rotation in step 4 consists of 1 cycle; the spindle rotation speed during the chip scraping process is set to... The chip scraper feed speed is set to .

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention: the surface hardness of the gear workpiece after heat treatment and quenching is HRC60, and the single-sided allowance for hard turning finishing is within... Within, a thickness of The continuous, long, filamentous iron filings are scraped in the narrow space on the outer circumference of the gear.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following significant advantages: By designing specially hook-shaped scraper teeth, this invention directly inserts them into the long, filamentous iron filings wrapped in a narrow space. Combined with the reciprocating linear push-pull of the X-axis and the forward / reverse rotation of the workpiece spindle, the tough filamentous iron filings are physically broken and shattered, and then automatically thrown away by centrifugal force. The scraping success rate reaches 100%, completely eliminating the manual iron filings cleaning step (saving 30-60 seconds per piece), eliminating potential quality problems, and breaking through the core bottleneck of process automation. Furthermore, the hook-shaped scraper teeth of this invention integrate... barb angle and The guide ramp can efficiently guide the iron filings smoothly into the hook part and catch and break them; at the same time, the set The wide ligament provides ample allowance for regrinding the scraper blade, significantly extending its service life. Furthermore, this invention employs an assembled scraper tool structure, allowing for standardized mass production of multiple upper and lower scraper blades simultaneously, ensuring good interchangeability. When the scraper blade wears out, it can be easily disassembled, reground, and repaired, while the tool body can be reused for extended periods, significantly reducing manufacturing costs. Moreover, this invention utilizes a through-type locating pin with an interference fit to the locating pin hole, ensuring the consistent front-to-back position of the upper and lower scraper blades after assembly. The accompanying adjustable feeler gauge allows for quick and accurate determination of the relative position of the scraper blade's arc groove and the workpiece center during the debugging phase, effectively preventing interference between the scraper blade and the workpiece, improving debugging efficiency and processing safety. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments disclosed in this invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below. These drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the gear workpiece (high-pressure oil pump gear) involved in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 After hard turning and finishing of gear workpieces, iron filings are wrapped around... A schematic diagram of the state of the narrow outer circular region; Figure 3 This is a front view of the overall assembly structure of the scraping tool of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the overall assembly structure of the scraping tool of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the metal scraping tool body of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a top view of the metal scraping tool body of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a front view of the structure of the scraper blade of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a top view of the structure of the scraper blade of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the scraper tooth structure of the present invention; Figure 10 The main view of the structure of the feeler gauge of this invention; Figure 11 A side view of the structure of the feeler gauge of this invention; Figure 12 This is a control operation block diagram of the scraping chip program for hard-car wheels in this invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1-Upper scraper; 2-Lower scraper; 3-Scraping tool body; 4-Positioning pin; 5-Adjusting feeler gauge; 6-Clamping screw (Hex socket head cap screw). Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail and in complete form with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 12 As shown, the machining object involved in this embodiment is a high-pressure oil pump gear for a certain engine. After heat treatment and quenching (the surface hardness of the workpiece reaches approximately HRC60), it is required to continuously complete the machining of the reference holes in a single clamping operation. The machining process involves hard turning instead of grinding on multiple parts, including the reference end face M1, the two end faces B1 and B3 of the axial groove, and the arcs R / r of each connecting part. Since the single-sided allowance for finishing is typically within... Within (the final finishing cutting depth is even as small as) The thickness of the iron filings produced is only... Between these conditions, and after quenching, the material exhibits excellent toughness, resulting in continuous, long, filamentous iron filings that are extremely difficult to physically break. Furthermore, the width of the B2 groove is... The width of the grooving tool is The space inside the slot is extremely narrow and contains gaps in the cutting tool. Long, filamentous iron filings flow randomly and tangle within this confined space, easily becoming tightly entangled in area one (i.e., At the outer circle, such as Figure 2 (As shown). In order to automatically remove the tangled iron filings in this area, the present invention designs an assembled iron filings scraper as described in Example 1, and uses it in conjunction with the method described in Example 3 for automatic scraping.

[0023] Example 1 Combination Figures 3 to 11 As shown, this embodiment provides an assembly-type chip scraper specifically for the above-mentioned gear hard turning process, including a tool body 3, an upper scraper 1, a lower scraper 2, a locating pin 4, an adjusting feeler gauge 5, and a clamping screw 6. The tool body 3 consists of three parts: a tool shank, a tool head, and a transition body. The shank dimensions are designed with the following cross-sectional dimensions: (The tolerance of dimension 25 along the height direction is strictly controlled to be) The handle length is designed to be To match the cuboid tool holder interface dimensions of the CNC lathe rotary turret, ensuring strict alignment between the tool center height and the machine tool rotation center. Head mounting dimensions: Symmetrical scraper mounting bodies are designed on the upper and lower sides of the tool head; the total width of the mounting bodies is designed to be... The symmetry of the upper and lower mounting surfaces relative to the center plane M10 of the tool body 3 is strictly controlled within a certain range. Within. Positioning and threaded hole: The tool head is designed with a through-hole positioning pin hole, the diameter of which is designed to be [diameter missing]. The distance between the front face and the locating pin hole is designed as follows: The tool head has two threaded holes on each of its top and bottom sides (size: ), used to fix the scraper.

[0024] The upper scraper 1 and lower scraper 2 of this invention are symmetrically structured and are respectively fixed to the upper and lower mounting surfaces of the tool body 3 head by two internal hexagonal head screws 6. The inner heads of the upper and lower scrapers are designed with three barbed scraping teeth in a group. Each scraping tooth includes... The barb angle, the front end of the barb angle is designed with The scrap guide ramp (used to guide scrap into the barbed area and act as a scrap catcher) is designed with a width of [missing information - likely a unit of measurement]. The ligament (as a reserve for regrinding after scraper wear). No tooth rise is required between a set of three scraper teeth, greatly reducing manufacturing difficulty. Arc-shaped groove: An arc-shaped groove is designed at the rear end of the scraper. When the scraping tool reaches the final section, this arc-shaped groove is positioned directly above (upper scraper) or directly below (lower scraper) the center of the workpiece, providing free running space for tool reversal and retraction. Countersunk hole and positioning: A stepped countersunk hole is designed on the scraper to accommodate the clamping screw 6. 3. Positioning pin 4: [Diameter missing] The pin, with an interference fit, is inserted into the positioning pin hole at the head of the tool body 3 to limit the front and rear positions of the upper scraper 1 and the lower scraper 2, ensuring that the front and rear working surfaces of the upper and lower scrapers are aligned and flat.

[0025] The adjustable feeler gauge 5 of the present invention includes a handle section, an engraved surface section, and a front end with a thickness dimension of [missing information]. The working section of the feeler gauge has a surface roughness of [value missing]. During the debugging phase, it is inserted into the guide groove of the tool head to accurately determine the radial limit feed position of the scraping tool.

[0026] Example 2: The assembly and debugging steps of the scraping tool of the present invention are as follows: 1. Tool assembly: Press the positioning pin 4 into the positioning pin hole at the head of the tool body 3; attach the upper scraper 1 and the lower scraper 2 to the upper and lower mounting surfaces of the tool head respectively, so that their positioning holes are close to the positioning pin 4 to achieve front and rear limit; then insert and tighten the four internal hexagon clamping screws 6 to firmly secure the upper and lower scrapers to the tool body 3.

[0027] 2. Machine tool installation: Install the assembled chip scraper into the square tool holder of the CNC lathe rotary turret, with the tool center naturally at the same height as the workpiece rotation center.

[0028] 3. Axial tool setting: Take a finished workpiece that has been hard-turned and precision-machined, clamp it on the chuck fixture, and along the axial direction of the workpiece, use the inner side of half of the scraper blade to face the workpiece M2 face as the tool, controlling the side clearance within... During debugging, use a feeler gauge to check and confirm the connection.

[0029] 4. Radial tool setting (limit position adjustment): Insert the adjusting feeler gauge 5 into the guide groove inside the tool body head, and control the chip scraper to feed radially until the front end of the adjusting feeler gauge 5 is aligned with the workpiece. Contact at the outer circumference; then control the tool to retract. This position represents the furthest limit of the scraper tool's feed, and also the precise alignment of the scraper blade's arc-shaped groove with the center of the workpiece, directly above / below. After adjustment, pull out the adjusting feeler gauge 5 to prepare for machining.

[0030] Example 2: Combination Figure 10 The chip scraping program flowchart and specific control flow and program example for automatic chip scraping after hard turning finishing are as follows: Scraping process steps: Step S1 (Tool call after finishing): At the end of the CNC machining program, after all hard turning finishing tasks are completed, the turret rotates to call the chip scraping tool (such as T0101). Step S2 (Spindle forward rotation and first push-pull): Control the spindle to rotate clockwise (G97M03S800), and the tool rapidly traverses to the axial working position and the radial motion start position; then control the chip scraping tool to perform the first feed scraping motion along the X-axis (feed speed F5.0), and the barbed teeth on the scraper insert and wrap around the chip scraper. The scraper breaks off the remaining iron filings at the outer circumference, and after scraping to the limit position, it quickly retracts to the starting position. Step S3 (Second Push-Pull): Keeping the spindle rotating clockwise, control the scraper tool to make a second feed along the X-axis and quickly retract, further breaking off the remaining iron filings. Step S4 (Spindle Stop and Reverse Rotation): Control the spindle to stop rotating (M05), and then control the spindle to rotate counterclockwise (G97M04S800). Step S5 (Third Push-Pull Scraping): In the reverse spindle state, control the scraper tool to make a third feed along the X-axis and quickly retract. The reverse push-pull completely and physically breaks off the remaining attached iron filings. Throughout the entire scraping feed stroke, the single-sided radial clearance between the scraper blade and the rotating body to be scraped is maintained. Step S6 (Centrifugal chip removal and tool retraction): The broken iron chips are automatically thrown off by the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the workpiece; control the chip removal tool to retract to the safe position (X300.0Z200.0), and the program ends (M30).

[0031] Example of a CNC machining program (NCCode): codeText T0101 (Activate the metal scraper tool) G97M03S800 (spindle rotates clockwise at 800 rpm) G00X200.0 (Radial positioning to safe position) G00Z0.0 (Axial rapid traverse to working position) G00X(D4+10.0) (Reaching the starting position of the scraping action) G01X0.0F5.0 (First chip scraping feed motion, physically breaking the chips) G01X(D4+10.0)F5.0 (First fast return to the starting position) G01X0.0F5.0 (Second chip scraping feed motion) G01X(D4+10.0)F5.0 (Second fast return to the starting position) M05 (Spindle rotation stopped) G97M04S800 (spindle reversing, counterclockwise rotation, speed 800rpm) G01X0.0F5.0 (Third chip scraping feed motion) G01X(D4+10.0)F5.0 (Third fast return to the starting position) G00X300.0Z200.0 (Scraping tool returns to safe position) M30 (Program End) This embodiment uses a combination of three cycles of two clockwise push-pull movements and one counterclockwise push-pull movement. Under normal processing conditions, it can achieve 100% automatic removal of tangled iron filings, completely eliminating the need for manual cleaning, greatly improving production efficiency and realizing automated production of the entire line.

[0032] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chip scraper for hard turning of gears, mounted on a CNC lathe turret, characterized in that, The tool includes a tool body (3), a handle, and a tool head at the front end. The tool head is symmetrically provided with scraper mounting bodies on the upper and lower sides. An upper scraper (1) and a lower scraper (2) are respectively mounted on the upper and lower scraper mounting bodies on the tool head. A positioning pin (4) passes through the tool head and is used to position the upper scraper (1) and the lower scraper (2) in the front and rear positions. A fastening screw (6) is used to fix the upper scraper (1) and the lower scraper (2) to the tool body (3). The inner end faces of the upper scraper (1) and the lower scraper (2) are provided with barbed scraping teeth in groups, which are used to insert into the long filamentous iron filings wrapped in the narrow area of ​​the workpiece and pull them off. Each barbed scraping tooth includes a barb angle of 3° to 5°. The front end of the barb angle is provided with a 15° iron filings guiding slope. A ligament with a width of 2mm is provided between the barb angle and the iron filings guiding slope.

2. The metal scraping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the upper scraper (1) and the lower scraper (2) have arc-shaped grooves at their rear ends. The arc-shaped grooves are used to be positioned directly above or below the center of the workpiece during the final stage of the scraping action, providing a space for the scraping tool to move back without moving.

3. The scraping tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes an adjusting feeler gauge (5), the tool head is provided with a guide groove, the adjusting feeler gauge (5) is detachably inserted into the guide groove, and is used to contact the outer circle of the workpiece during the debugging stage to determine the radial feed limit position of the chip scraping tool.

4. The metal scraping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool head has a through-hole for positioning pins, and the positioning pin (4) is interference-fitted with the positioning pin hole. The distance between the front end face of the tool head and the positioning pin hole has a negative tolerance, so that the height of the transition body of the tool body (3) between the upper scraper (1) and the lower scraper (2) is lower than the height of the upper and lower scrapers.

5. The metal scraping tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional dimensions of the handle of the tool body (3) are as follows: And the dimensional tolerance along the height direction is The height dimension of the scraper mounting body is: And the symmetry of the upper and lower mounting surfaces relative to the center plane of the tool body (3) is .

6. A method for scraping iron filings by hard turning of gears after heat treatment, characterized in that, Using the scraping tool as described in any one of claims 1-5 and mounting it on the rotary turret of a CNC lathe, the method includes the following steps: S1, after heat treatment and quenching, the gear workpiece is finished in a single clamping state, and then the scraping tool mounted on the CNC lathe turret is invoked; S2, the scraping tool is controlled to align with the scraping area of ​​the gear workpiece in the axial and radial directions; S3, the gear workpiece is driven to rotate clockwise, and the scraping tool is controlled to perform a reciprocating push-pull motion along the X-axis of the CNC lathe for 1 to 4 cycles, relying on the barbed scraping teeth on the scraper to insert and physically break the long filamentous iron chips wrapped around the narrow area of ​​the workpiece; S4, the gear workpiece is controlled to rotate counterclockwise, and the scraping tool is controlled to perform a reciprocating push-pull motion along the X-axis for at least 1 cycle, physically breaking the remaining iron chips; S5, the broken iron chips are automatically thrown off by the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the gear workpiece; S6, the scraping tool is controlled to return to a safe position.

7. The method for scraping metal filings from a hard-machined machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific steps for radial adjustment using the adjusting feeler gauge (5) as described in claim 3 in S2 are as follows: insert the adjusting feeler gauge (5) into the guide groove of the tool head, control the chip scraping tool to advance radially until the front end of the adjusting feeler gauge (5) contacts the outer circle of the workpiece, and then retract the tool. As the scraping limit position, align the arc groove at the rear end of the scraper with the center of the workpiece. After adjustment, pull out the adjusting feeler gauge (5).

8. The method for scraping metal filings from a hard-machined machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S2, during axial tool setting, the inner surface of the scraper is brought into contact with the designated end face of the gear workpiece, and the axial clearance is controlled to be... During the chip removal process in steps (3) and (4), the unilateral radial clearance between the scraper blade and the workpiece to be scraped is maintained at... .

9. The method for scraping metal filings from a hard-machined machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S3, the reciprocating push-pull motion during clockwise rotation consists of 2 cycles, and the reciprocating push-pull motion during counterclockwise rotation in step (4) consists of 1 cycle; the spindle rotation speed is set to [value missing] during the chip scraping process. The chip scraper feed speed is set to .

10. The method for scraping metal filings from a hard-machined machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gear workpiece has a material hardness of approximately HRC60 after heat treatment, and the single-sided machining allowance is within [missing information]. Within this range, the minimum depth of cut in finish turning is... The scraping area is a narrow region located between the two end faces of the B2 groove of the gear, and the thickness of the resulting iron filings is [missing information]. .

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