Laser welding device for aluminum alloy plate

Abstract

The application discloses an aluminum alloy medium plate laser welding device and belongs to the technical field of laser welding. The aluminum alloy medium plate laser welding device has a welding chamber with an automatic welding function and a conveying support. The conveying support is placed on the side of the feeding port of the welding chamber. A plurality of electric conveying rollers for conveying the aluminum alloy medium plate are arranged in the conveying support. An adjusting assembly is arranged on the conveying support. The adjusting assembly is driven by a linear motor to move along the sliding groove. The sliding block, the elastic sheet and the guide ball structure are matched to automatically center and correct the deviation of the aluminum alloy medium plate during the conveying process. Meanwhile, the multi-stage height cooperation of the guide ball and the guide piece can adaptively adjust the pressing force according to the quantity difference of the aluminum alloy medium plate, effectively avoid the uneven joint gap problem caused by the plate deviation, significantly improve the welding seam consistency and the welding quality, and reduce the subsequent repair welding process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser welding technology, specifically relating to a laser welding device for medium-thick aluminum alloy plates. Background Technology

[0002] Aluminum alloys possess advantages such as low density, high strength, and excellent corrosion resistance, making them widely used in the automotive, new energy, aerospace, and construction industries. Currently, laser welding is extensively applied in the production of aluminum alloy products. Compared to traditional welding methods, laser welding offers higher production efficiency, better weld quality, and enables high-precision welding of complex structures, as well as automation.

[0003] Currently, in the existing construction industry, when welding aluminum alloy plates, multiple aluminum alloy medium-thick plates of a certain length are spliced ​​together and then pushed into an aluminum alloy welding machine for welding. During this process, the aluminum alloy medium-thick plates are joined together manually or by electric push rods. However, the connection gap between the plates in this way may be too large or too small. If the gap is too large, it will lead to insufficient weld filling, resulting in defects such as incomplete fusion or incomplete penetration. If the gap is too small, it will increase the difficulty of welding and may even cause the weld to crack. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a laser welding device for medium-thick aluminum alloy plates, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a laser welding device for medium-thick aluminum alloy plates, including a welding chamber with automatic welding function and a conveying support. The conveying support is placed on the side of the feed inlet of the welding chamber. The conveying support is equipped with a plurality of electric conveying rollers for conveying medium-thick aluminum alloy plates. The conveying support is also equipped with an adjustment component. The adjustment assembly includes two linear motors symmetrically mounted on both sides of the conveying bracket and two brackets symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of the conveying bracket. Two symmetrical grooves are formed on both sides of the upper surface of the conveying bracket. Adjustment brackets are slidably connected within the grooves of the conveying bracket. Both sides of the adjustment bracket are connected to the moving shafts of the two linear motors via L-shaped rods. Two limiting grooves are symmetrically formed in the middle of the adjustment bracket. Sliding blocks are slidably connected inside each of the two limiting grooves. Electric telescopic rods are fixed to the tops of each of the two sliding blocks. Guide balls are rotatably connected to the extension ends of each of the two electric telescopic rods. Spring pieces are fitted between each of the two sliding blocks and the limiting grooves. Brackets are fixed to the bottoms of each of the two sliding blocks. Two adjusting wheels are rotatably connected to the bottoms of each of the two brackets. Guide members are fitted to the tops of each of the two brackets. This application, by setting up an adjustment component, uses a linear motor to drive the adjustment bracket to move along the slide, and in conjunction with the slider, spring, and guide ball structure, can realize automatic centering and correction of aluminum alloy medium and heavy plates during the conveying process. At the same time, the multi-level height coordination of the guide ball and guide component can adaptively adjust the clamping force according to the difference in the number of aluminum alloy medium and heavy plates, effectively avoiding the problem of uneven splicing gaps caused by plate misalignment, significantly improving weld consistency and welding quality, and reducing subsequent repair welding processes.

[0006] Preferably, the guide member consists of guide rod one, guide rod two, and guide rod three, all of which have a double-hedge structure and the length of the hedge is proportionally shortened.

[0007] Preferably, the electric telescopic rod drives the guide ball to adjust to three different heights, corresponding to the heights of guide rod one, guide rod two, and guide rod three, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the adjusting wheel is made of cemented carbide forging, and the adjusting wheel is rotatably connected to the bracket via a high-damping bearing.

[0009] Preferably, the conveying bracket is equipped with an alignment assembly for aligning medium-thick aluminum alloy plates.

[0010] Preferably, the alignment assembly includes a baffle plate that penetrates and slidably connects to the inside of the end of the conveying bracket and a bracket three fixed to the sides of the two L-shaped rods. A guide groove is formed in the middle of the baffle plate. A spring piece two is fixed between the baffle plate and the conveying bracket. A horizontal plate is fixed to the side of the bracket three, and an inclined plate is fixed to the end of the horizontal plate. This application provides an alignment assembly at the end of the conveying bracket. Through the linkage structure of the baffle plate, the horizontal plate, and the inclined plate, automatic end alignment is achieved before the aluminum alloy medium-thick plate enters the welding chamber. Simultaneously, the movement of the L-shaped rods drives the inclined plate to insert into the guide groove, achieving automatic lifting and lowering control of the baffle plate.

[0011] Preferably, the width of the horizontal plate and the inclined plate is less than the width of the guide groove, and the inclination angle of the inclined plate is adapted to the guide groove.

[0012] Preferably, a flux spraying assembly is mounted on the side of the adjusting bracket. The flux spraying assembly includes a storage compartment and a fixing block fixed to the side of the adjusting bracket. The storage compartment is fixed to the side of the adjusting bracket via a connecting frame. Three water outlet pipes are mounted at the bottom of the storage compartment. A rotating nozzle is fitted onto the outer side of each water outlet pipe. A sprocket is fixed to the outer side of each rotating nozzle. A rotating rod is rotatably connected through the interior of the fixing block. A friction wheel is fixed to the bottom of the rotating rod, and a second sprocket is fixed to the middle of the rotating rod. The second sprocket is connected to multiple first sprockets via a chain. This application, by setting up a flux spraying assembly, drives the rotating rod and chain transmission through the contact between the friction wheel and the side wall of the conveying bracket, causing multiple rotating nozzles with different initial orientations to rotate synchronously. This achieves uniform, multi-angle spraying of flux, ensuring sufficient flux coverage in the welding area, effectively improving weld formation, and increasing welding efficiency.

[0013] Preferably, the friction wheel is attached to and pressed against the inner wall of the conveying bracket, and the initial orientation of each of the rotating nozzles is different.

[0014] The advantages of this application are: (1) By setting up an adjustment component, the adjustment bracket is driven by a linear motor to move along the slide. With the help of the slider, spring and guide ball structure, the aluminum alloy medium and thick plate can be automatically aligned and corrected during the conveying process. At the same time, the multi-level height coordination of the guide ball and the guide component can adaptively adjust the clamping force according to the difference in the number of aluminum alloy medium and thick plates, effectively avoiding the problem of uneven splicing gap caused by plate offset, significantly improving the weld consistency and welding quality, and reducing the subsequent welding process.

[0015] (2) This application sets an alignment component at the end of the conveying bracket. Through the linkage structure of the blocking plate, the horizontal plate and the inclined plate, the end is automatically aligned before the aluminum alloy medium and thick plate enters the welding chamber. At the same time, the movement of the L-shaped rod drives the inclined plate to insert into the guide groove, thereby realizing the automatic lifting and lowering control of the blocking plate.

[0016] (3) This application sets up a flux spraying component, which drives the rotating rod and chain transmission through the contact between the friction wheel and the side wall of the conveying bracket, and drives multiple rotating nozzles with different initial orientations to rotate synchronously, so as to achieve uniform and multi-angle spraying of flux, ensure sufficient flux coverage in the welding area, effectively improve weld formation, and improve welding efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment component structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment component structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment component structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the alignment component structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the alignment component structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the flux spraying assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of the flux spraying component of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of key figure labels: 100. Welding chamber; 200. Conveyor support; 300. Electric conveyor roller; 400. Adjustment assembly; 401. Linear motor; 402. Bracket 1; 403. Slide groove; 404. Adjustment bracket; 405. L-shaped rod; 406. Limiting groove; 407. Slider; 408. Electric telescopic rod; 409. Guide ball; 410. Spring piece 1; 411. Bracket 2; 412. Adjustment wheel; 413. Guide component; 4131. Guide rod one; 4132. Guide rod two; 4133. Guide rod three; 500. Alignment assembly; 501. Blocking plate; 502. Support bracket three; 503. Guide groove; 504. Spring piece two; 505. Horizontal plate; 506. Inclined plate; 600. Flux spraying assembly; 601. Connecting frame; 602. Fixing block; 603. Storage compartment; 604. Water outlet pipe; 605. Rotating nozzle; 606. Sprocket one; 607. Rotating rod; 608. Friction wheel; 609. Sprocket two; 610. Chain; X. Medium-thick aluminum alloy plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] Example 1, as Figures 1-5 As shown, a laser welding device for medium-thick aluminum alloy plates includes a welding chamber 100 with automatic welding function and a conveying support 200. The conveying support 200 is placed on the side of the feed inlet of the welding chamber 100. The conveying support 200 is equipped with a plurality of electric conveying rollers 300 for conveying medium-thick aluminum alloy plates X. An adjustment component 400 is mounted on the conveying support 200. The adjustment assembly 400 includes two linear motors 401 symmetrically mounted on both sides of the conveying bracket 200 and two brackets 402 symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of the conveying bracket 200. Two symmetrical sliding grooves 403 are formed on both sides of the upper surface of the conveying bracket 200. An adjustment bracket 404 is slidably connected within the sliding grooves 403 of the conveying bracket 200. Both sides of the adjustment bracket 404 are connected to the moving shafts of the two linear motors 401 via L-shaped rods 405. Two symmetrical limiting grooves 406 are formed in the middle of the adjustment bracket 404. A slider 407 is slidably connected inside each of the two limiting grooves 406. An electric telescopic rod 408 is fixed to the top of each of the two sliders 407. A guide ball 409 is rotatably connected to the extended end of each of the two electric telescopic rods 408. Both sliders 407 are aligned with the limiting grooves 406. The two sliders 407 are equipped with springs 410 and brackets 411 are fixed to the bottom of each slider 407. Two adjusting wheels 412 are rotatably connected to the bottom of each bracket 411. Guide members 413 are mounted on the top of each bracket 402. The guide members 413 are composed of guide rods 4131, 4132, and 4133. Guide rods 4131, 4132, and 4133 are all double-beveled structures with proportionally shortened lengths of the bevels. The electric telescopic rod 408 drives the guide ball 409 to adjust three heights, corresponding to the heights of guide rods 4131, 4132, and 4133, respectively. The adjusting wheels 412 are forged from hard alloy and are rotatably connected to brackets 411 via high-damping bearings.

[0021] This application, by setting an adjustment component 400, uses a linear motor 401 to drive the adjustment bracket 404 to move along the slide 403. With the cooperation of the slider 407, spring 410 and guide ball 409, the aluminum alloy medium-thick plate X can be automatically aligned and corrected during the conveying process. At the same time, the multi-level height coordination between the guide ball 409 and the guide component 413 can adaptively adjust the clamping force according to the difference in the number of aluminum alloy medium-thick plates X, effectively avoiding the problem of uneven splicing gap caused by plate offset, significantly improving weld consistency and welding quality, and reducing subsequent repair welding processes.

[0022] In practical use, the two linear motors 401 start simultaneously, driving the adjusting bracket 404 to move along the slide groove 403 via the L-shaped rod 405. The adjusting wheel 412 on the adjusting bracket 404 first contacts the two sides of the aluminum alloy medium-thick plate X. With the stable lateral thrust provided by the hard alloy material and high-damping bearing, the offset plate is pushed towards the centerline of the conveying bracket 200, achieving initial centering and correction. At the same time, the electric telescopic rod 408 at the top of the slider 407 raises the guide ball 409 to the height corresponding to the guide member 413. As the adjusting bracket 404 continues to move, the guide ball 409 moves along the guide... The inclined side of rod 4131, guide rod 4132, or guide rod 4133 rolls and is subjected to an outward reaction force applied by the inclined side. This force is transmitted to the slider 407 through the electric telescopic rod 408, forcing the slider 407 to compress the spring piece 410 and slide outward within the limiting groove 406. Since the lengths of the inclined sides of guide rod 4131, guide rod 4132, or guide rod 4133 are different, the inclined side is the longest, the spring piece compression is the largest, and the clamping force is the largest when there is a single layer of board. It is moderate when there is a double layer and the smallest when there is a triple layer. This allows for adaptive adjustment of the clamping force according to the number of boards, avoiding damage to the board due to excessive clamping force or ineffective correction due to insufficient clamping force.

[0023] Example 2, as Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, the conveying bracket 200 is equipped with an alignment component 500 for aligning the aluminum alloy medium-thick plate X. The alignment component 500 includes a baffle plate 501 that penetrates and is slidably connected to the inside of the end of the conveying bracket 200 and a bracket 3 502 fixed to the sides of two L-shaped rods 405. A guide groove 503 is provided in the middle of the baffle plate 501. A spring piece 2 504 is fixed between the baffle plate 501 and the conveying bracket 200. A horizontal plate 505 is fixed to the side of the bracket 3 502. An inclined plate 506 is fixed to the end of the horizontal plate 505. The width of the horizontal plate 505 and the inclined plate 506 is smaller than the width of the guide groove 503. The inclination angle of the inclined plate 506 is adapted to the guide groove 503. This application provides an alignment component 500 at the end of the conveying support 200. Through the linkage structure of the baffle plate 501, the horizontal plate 505 and the inclined plate 506, the end is automatically aligned before the aluminum alloy medium-thick plate X enters the welding chamber 100. At the same time, the movement of the L-shaped rod 405 drives the inclined plate 506 to insert into the guide groove 503, thereby realizing the automatic lifting and lowering control of the baffle plate 501.

[0024] In practical use, with the adjustment component 400 in operation, the spring 504 naturally extends in the initial state, and the upper end of the baffle plate 501 protrudes from the inner wall of the conveying bracket 200. When the aluminum alloy medium-thick plate X moves to the end of the conveying bracket 200 under the drive of the electric conveying roller 300, the baffle plate 501 forms a physical block on the front end of the plate, aligning the front ends of all plates in the same vertical plane. When the linear motor 401 drives the L-shaped rod 405 to move the adjustment bracket 404 to the end, the bracket 502 and the horizontal plate 505 advance accordingly, and the front end of the inclined plate 506 gradually inserts into the guide groove 503, with its inclined surface aligning with the guide groove. The inclined inner wall of 503 creates relative sliding, forcing the blocking plate 501 to overcome the elastic force of the second spring 504 and move downward in the vertical direction. As the inclined plate 506 is fully inserted into the guide groove 503, the upper end of the blocking plate 501 is completely retracted below the inner wall surface of the conveying bracket 200. The aligned plates are no longer blocked, and the electric conveying roller 300 continues to rotate to send them into the welding chamber 100. When the linear motor 401 drives the adjusting bracket 404 to retract in the opposite direction, the inclined plate 506 exits the guide groove 503, and the blocking plate 501 re-extends under the restoring force of the second spring 504, preparing for the end alignment of the next batch of plates. This cycle is repeated to achieve automatic end alignment.

[0025] Example 3, as Figure 3 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, a flux spraying assembly 600 is mounted on the side of the adjusting bracket 404. The flux spraying assembly 600 includes a storage chamber 603 and a fixing block 602 fixed to the side of the adjusting bracket 404. The storage chamber 603 is fixed to the side of the adjusting bracket 404 through a connecting frame 601. Three water outlet pipes 604 are mounted on the bottom of the storage chamber 603. A rotating nozzle 605 is sleeved on the outside of each water outlet pipe 604. A sprocket 606 is fixed on the outside of each rotating nozzle 605. A rotating rod 607 is rotatably connected through the inside of the fixing block 602. A friction wheel 608 is fixed at the bottom of the rotating rod 607. A sprocket 609 is fixed in the middle of the rotating rod 607. The sprocket 609 is connected to multiple sprockets 606 through a chain 610. The friction wheel 608 is pressed against and squeezed against the inner wall of the conveying bracket 200. The initial orientation of each rotating nozzle 605 is different. This application sets up a flux spraying assembly 600, which drives a rotating rod 607 and a chain 610 through the contact between a friction wheel 608 and the side wall of a conveying bracket 200. This drives multiple rotating nozzles 605 with different initial orientations to rotate synchronously, achieving uniform and multi-angle spraying of flux. This ensures sufficient flux coverage in the welding area, effectively improves weld formation, and increases welding efficiency.

[0026] In practical use, when the linear motor 401 drives the adjusting bracket 404 to move along the slide 403, the rotating rod 607 moves synchronously with the adjusting bracket 404. The friction wheel 608 generates continuous rolling friction with the inner wall of the conveying bracket 200. This friction drives the friction wheel 608 to rotate. The power is transmitted through the rotating rod 607 to the second sprocket 609, and then through the chain 610 to the three first sprockets 606, which drive each rotating nozzle 605 to rotate synchronously around the axis of the water outlet pipe 604. Since the initial orientation of each rotating nozzle 605 is different, the spraying direction of the three rotating nozzles 605 changes continuously and is always different during synchronous rotation. The flux in the storage chamber 603 flows to the rotating nozzle 605 through the water outlet pipe 604. After atomization, it is evenly sprayed onto the area to be welded on the plate in a multi-angle, dynamic manner, ensuring sufficient flux coverage, effectively improving the weld formation quality and increasing welding efficiency.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A laser welding apparatus for medium-thick aluminum alloy plates, comprising a welding chamber (100) with automatic welding function and a conveying support (200), wherein the conveying support (200) is placed on the side of the feed inlet of the welding chamber (100), and the interior of the conveying support (200) is equipped with a plurality of electric conveying rollers (300) for conveying medium-thick aluminum alloy plates (X), characterized in that, The conveying support (200) is equipped with an adjustment assembly (400). The adjustment assembly (400) includes two linear motors (401) symmetrically mounted on both sides of the conveying bracket (200) and two brackets (402) symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of the conveying bracket (200). Two sliding grooves (403) are symmetrically opened on both sides of the upper surface of the conveying bracket (200). An adjustment bracket (404) is slidably connected in the sliding grooves (403) of the conveying bracket (200). Both sides of the adjustment bracket (404) are connected to the moving shafts of the two linear motors (401) respectively through L-shaped rods (405). Two limiting grooves (406) are symmetrically opened in the middle of the adjustment bracket (404). Both of the limiting grooves (406) are slidably connected to sliders (407), both of the tops of the sliders (407) are fixed with electric telescopic rods (408), both of the extended ends of the electric telescopic rods (408) are rotatably connected with guide balls (409), both of the sliders (407) are fitted with spring pieces (410) between them and the limiting grooves (406), both of the bottoms of the sliders (407) are fixed with brackets (411), both of the bottoms of the brackets (411) are rotatably connected with two adjusting wheels (412), and both of the tops of the brackets (402) are fitted with guide pieces (413).

2. The laser welding apparatus for medium-thick aluminum alloy plates according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide member (403) is composed of guide rod one (4131), guide rod two (4132) and guide rod three (4133). Guide rod one (4131), guide rod two (4132) and guide rod three (4133) are all double-hedge structures, and the length of the hedge is shortened proportionally.

3. The laser welding apparatus for medium-thick aluminum alloy plates according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electric telescopic rod (408) drives the guide ball (409) to adjust the height in three ways, corresponding to the heights of guide rod one (4131), guide rod two (4132) and guide rod three (4133) respectively.

4. The laser welding apparatus for medium-thick aluminum alloy plates according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjusting wheel (412) is made of hard alloy forging. The adjusting wheel (412) is rotatably connected to the bracket (411) through a high-damping bearing.

5. The laser welding apparatus for medium-thick aluminum alloy plates according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conveying support (200) is equipped with an alignment assembly (500) for aligning the aluminum alloy medium-thick plate (X).

6. The laser welding apparatus for medium-thick aluminum alloy plates according to claim 5, characterized in that, The alignment assembly (500) includes a baffle plate (501) that runs through and is slidably connected inside the end of the conveying bracket (200) and a bracket three (502) fixed to the sides of the two L-shaped rods (405). A guide groove (503) is provided in the middle of the baffle plate (501). A spring piece two (504) is fixed between the baffle plate (501) and the conveying bracket (200). A horizontal plate (505) is fixed to the side of the bracket three (502), and an inclined plate (506) is fixed to the end of the horizontal plate (505).

7. The laser welding apparatus for medium-thick aluminum alloy plates according to claim 6, characterized in that, The width of the horizontal plate (505) and the inclined plate (506) is less than the width of the guide groove (503), and the inclination angle of the inclined plate (506) is adapted to the guide groove (503).

8. The laser welding apparatus for medium-thick aluminum alloy plates according to claim 7, characterized in that, The side of the adjusting bracket (404) is equipped with a flux spraying assembly (600). The flux spraying assembly (600) includes a storage chamber (603) and a fixing block (602) fixed to the side of the adjusting bracket (404). The storage chamber (603) is fixed to the side of the adjusting bracket (404) by a connecting frame (601). The bottom of the storage chamber (603) is equipped with three water outlet pipes (604). Each water outlet pipe (604) has an outer... A rotating nozzle (605) is fitted on each side. A sprocket (606) is fixed on the outer side of each rotating nozzle (605). A rotating rod (607) is rotatably connected through the inside of the fixing block (602). A friction wheel (608) is fixed at the bottom of the rotating rod (607). A sprocket (609) is fixed in the middle of the rotating rod (607). The sprocket (609) is connected to multiple sprockets (606) via a chain (610).

9. The laser welding apparatus for medium-thick aluminum alloy plates according to claim 8, characterized in that, The friction wheel (608) is attached to and pressed against the inner wall of the conveying bracket (200), and the initial orientation of each of the rotating nozzles (605) is different.

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