A display panel defect laser repair device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of display panel repair equipment, and particularly relates to a display panel defect laser repair device, which comprises a rack, a panel bearing mechanism, a code scanning gun, a data calling module, a gantry movement mechanism, a laser repair head, a coaxial vision module, an automatic focusing module, a repair determination module and a controller. In the application, the scanning of the panel ID realizes the quick calling of the defect coordinate list of the panel defect area and the optical repair formula corresponding to each defect point, provides accurate data support for the subsequent laser repair head to cut off the target defective wire, ensures that the laser repair head accurately cuts off the target defective wire, and solves the problem that the traditional laser repair equipment uniformly uses fixed parameters for cutting, which is easy to cause the problem of unclean cutting or cutting beyond the area of the target defective wire due to different wire widths, wire directions and defect types.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of display panel repair equipment, specifically a laser repair device for display panel defects, and particularly relates to an automated repair device for locating, focusing, laser cutting, online judgment, and repair control of TFT layer conductor defects on the back of a display panel. Background Technology

[0002] The back of a display panel typically houses a TFT layer containing numerous fine conductive lines. When short circuits, residual conductive bridges, or abnormally conductive areas exist in the conductive layer, the defective conductor must be cut to eliminate its impact on the display panel's functionality. In actual production, the defect location is usually obtained from preceding inspection equipment and linked to the display panel's screen ID. During repair, the operator places the display panel in the repair area, the equipment reads the screen ID and moves to the corresponding defect location, and then uses a laser to cut the target conductor.

[0003] However, existing laser repair equipment still has the following problems: First, there are translational and angular deviations when loading display panels. If the equipment only moves according to the database coordinates, the laser landing point may deviate from the target conductor. Second, large-size thin panels are prone to local warping or adsorption deformation when adsorbed and supported, resulting in a shift in focal height. Third, different conductor widths, conductor directions, and defect types require different laser parameters. If fixed parameters are used for cutting, narrow lines may be overburned, wide lines may be left unconnected, or adjacent conductors may be accidentally damaged. Fourth, most existing equipment uses open-loop cutting, and there is a lack of online judgment and recut control after cutting. The repair quality depends on subsequent manual or offline inspection.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a laser repair device for display panel defects that can combine screen ID defect formula calling, low-stress panel bearing, coarse and fine combination positioning, coaxial visual calibration, automatic focusing, adaptive cutting of wire routing, online judgment and repair cutting, and clean protection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a laser repair device for display panel defects. This invention primarily addresses the problems encountered by existing display panel laser repair equipment when repairing TFT layer conductor defects. These problems are often caused by panel placement deviations, localized panel deformation, inaccurate focal height, limited optical parameters, and a lack of closed-loop judgment after repair, leading to inaccurate cutting positions, incomplete cutting, or accidental damage to adjacent conductors.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a laser repair device for display panel defects, comprising: a frame, a panel support mechanism, a barcode scanner, a data retrieval module, a gantry motion mechanism, a laser repair head, a coaxial vision module, an automatic focusing module, a repair judgment module, and a controller; The panel support mechanism is mounted on the frame and is used to support and position the display panel with the back TFT layer facing the laser repair head. The barcode scanner is mounted on the panel support mechanism and is used to read the screen ID of the display panel; The data retrieval module is electrically connected to the barcode scanner and is used to retrieve the defect coordinates of the display panel and the optical repair formula corresponding to the defect coordinates based on the screen ID. The gantry motion mechanism is mounted on the frame and connected to the laser repair head, and is used to drive the laser repair head to move to the defect area corresponding to the defect coordinates; The coaxial vision module is mounted on the laser repair head and is used to acquire the actual position of the target wire within the defect area; The autofocus module is used to adjust the position of the laser repair head in the Z direction so that the laser focus of the laser repair head falls on the TFT conductor layer of the display panel; The panel support mechanism, data retrieval module, gantry motion mechanism, laser repair head, coaxial vision module, autofocus module, and repair judgment module are all electrically connected to the controller. The controller is used to perform position compensation on the defect coordinates according to the actual position, and to control the laser repair head to cut the target defective wire according to the corresponding optical repair formula; The repair determination module is used to acquire the image signal or reflection signal after the cut, and determine whether the target defective wire is cut based on the image signal or the reflection signal; The panel support mechanism has a local low-stress support state corresponding to the current defect area. When the repair judgment module determines that there is a residual bridge, the controller controls the laser repair head to perform repair cutting.

[0007] Preferably, the optical repair formula invoked by the data retrieval module includes at least one or more of the following: laser power, pulse width, pulse frequency, number of cuts, spot size, and focal height. The data retrieval module binds the defect coordinates, wire width, wire direction, and defect type to the optical repair formula.

[0008] Preferably, the panel support mechanism includes a negative pressure adsorption platform, multiple independently controlled adsorption hoods, edge positioning components, and a low-stress support ring. The negative pressure adsorption platform has multiple sets of evenly distributed through holes. Each of the multiple independently controlled adsorption hoods is sealed to the lower surface of the negative pressure adsorption platform and corresponds to each set of through holes. Each of the multiple independently controlled adsorption hoods is connected to a corresponding fan exhaust port via a pipe. Two edge positioning components are provided, each L-shaped. The bottom of each edge positioning component has a protrusion adapted to the diameter of the through hole, which is inserted into the through hole on the adsorption platform. The low-stress support ring is positioned between the two edge positioning components and is fitted to the upper surface of the adsorption platform. The controller reduces the adsorption force of the corresponding adsorption zone of the low-stress support ring according to the coordinates of the currently repaired defect, and causes the low-stress support ring to support the display panel.

[0009] Preferably, the gantry motion mechanism includes an X-axis gantry beam mounted on a frame and an electric slide block that slides along the X-axis gantry beam. Two symmetrical Y-axis guide rails are provided on the electric slide block, and an electric slide table is slidably connected to both Y-axis guide rails. A micro-motion platform for micro-compensation of the laser repair head is provided on the electric slide table. The micro-motion platform includes an electric cross slide block, on which a mounting plate is mounted. The laser repair head is fixedly connected to the mounting plate. The X-axis gantry beam and the electric slide table are used to coarsely position the laser repair head to the defect area. The micro-motion platform performs X-axis and Y-axis micro-compensation on the laser repair head based on the actual position acquired by the coaxial vision module.

[0010] Preferably, the coaxial vision module includes a camera, a beam splitter, and illumination lamps. The camera is mounted at the bottom of the laser repair head, and a beam splitter is mounted on the bottom axis of the camera. Three focusing lens groups are evenly arranged on the lower surface of the camera. The three illumination lamps are arranged on the lower surface of the camera, and the three illumination lamps and the three focusing lens groups are evenly and alternately distributed. The imaging optical path of the camera and the processing optical path of the laser repair head are coaxial through the beam splitter. The controller establishes a mapping relationship between the imaging coordinates of the camera and the focal coordinates of the laser repair head based on the calibration target.

[0011] Preferably, the autofocus module includes a Z-axis drive mechanism and a focus detection unit mounted on an electric slide. The Z-axis drive mechanism includes an electric push rod fixedly connected to the electric slide. The bottom end of the output shaft of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to a connecting seat that is slidably connected to the electric slide. A mounting seat is fixedly connected to the connecting seat, and the bottom of the mounting seat is fixedly connected to an electric cross slide. The focus detection unit includes a reflection signal detection unit and an image sharpness detection unit. The controller controls the Z-axis drive mechanism to move the laser repair head along the Z-axis and determines the optimal focus height based on the weighted result of the reflection signal change and the sharpness of the wire edge.

[0012] Preferably, the controller includes a wire direction recognition module and a cutting trajectory generation module. The wire direction recognition module is used to identify the extension direction of the target wire based on the image acquired by the coaxial vision module. The cutting trajectory generation module is used to generate a cutting trajectory that intersects with the extension direction of the target wire and control the laser repair head to complete the cutting along the cutting trajectory.

[0013] Preferably, the laser repair head is provided with a spot direction adjustment component, which includes a cylindrical mirror for matching the linear spot with the cutting trajectory. A support disk coaxial with the laser repair head is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the laser repair head. A hollow tube is rotatably connected to the axis of the support disk. The cylindrical mirror is embedded in the hollow tube and coaxial with the hollow tube. A micro motor is also installed on the support disk. The output shaft of the micro motor passes through the support disk and is fixedly connected to a first toothed ring. A second toothed ring is concentrically sleeved at the bottom end of the hollow tube. The first toothed ring and the second toothed ring are meshed together.

[0014] Preferably, the repair determination module includes an image acquisition unit, a cutting determination unit, and a recutting control unit. The cutting determination unit is used to identify one or more of the following: cut width, break gap, residual bridge, and ablation boundary. When the cutting determination unit determines that there is a residual bridge, the recutting control unit controls the laser repair head to perform low-energy recutting or offset recutting at the position of the residual bridge. When the cutting determination unit determines that the ablation boundary exceeds a preset range, the controller reduces the laser power, pulse number, or number of cuts for subsequent defects of the same type.

[0015] Preferably, a transparent protective cover is provided at the lower end of the camera, and a low-flow blowing channel and a negative pressure suction channel are provided around the periphery of the transparent protective cover. The low-flow blowing channel is used to deliver directional protective airflow to the cutting area, and the negative pressure suction channel is used to remove smoke or particles generated during the cutting process from the opposite side of the cutting area.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, the defect coordinate list of the panel defect area and the corresponding optical repair formula for each defect point are quickly retrieved by scanning the panel ID. This provides accurate data support for the subsequent laser repair head to cut the target defective wire, ensuring that the laser repair head accurately cuts the target defective wire. This solves the problem that traditional laser repair equipment uses fixed parameters for cutting, which can easily cause the target defective wire to be cut incompletely or beyond the cutting area due to different wire widths, wire directions and defect types.

[0017] 2. In this invention, the adsorption partition corresponding to the defective area is not simply released completely. Instead, the adsorption force is reduced according to the warping state of the panel, and a low-stress support ring is used to form a local low-stress support. The non-repair area maintains adsorption to maintain the overall flatness of the panel, reduce the risk of local adsorption deformation and hard support lifting, improve the high stability of the TFT conductor layer relative to the laser focus, and solve the problem that large-size thin panels are prone to local warping or adsorption deformation during adsorption and bearing, resulting in focus height shift.

[0018] 3. In this invention, the micro-motion platform performs micro-compensation in the X and Y directions for the laser repair head based on the actual position acquired by the coaxial vision module. Specifically, it uses an electric cross slide to drive the mounting plate to move slightly, thereby driving the laser repair head fixedly connected to the mounting plate to perform micro-compensation. This ensures that the laser repair head can accurately cut the defective wires at their actual positions within the defect area, balancing the repair efficiency of large-size panels with the cutting accuracy of small wires. It reduces the impact of mechanical transmission errors on the laser landing point and solves the problem that when loading display panels, there are translational and angular deviations. If the equipment only moves according to the database coordinates, the laser landing point may deviate from the target wire, leading to cutting failure.

[0019] 4. The repair judgment module in this invention can judge the defect area after cutting and determine whether there is a residual bridge in the defect area. If there is a residual bridge, the controller controls the laser repair head to perform a recutting to ensure that all target defective wires in the defect area are cut off. This solves the problem that traditional laser repair equipment requires manual or offline detection of whether there is a residual bridge in the defect area after cutting, resulting in inaccurate results and high manual labor intensity. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and control relationship of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the partitioned adsorption and local low-stress support in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the coarse positioning of the gantry motion mechanism and the micro-compensation of the laser repair head in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of coaxial visual positioning and focus coordinate calibration in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dual-mode autofocus in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive identification and cutting trajectory of the conductor path in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the online cutting determination and secondary cutting closed loop in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the low-deflection purging and suction and transparent protective cover in this invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top of the negative pressure adsorption stage in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the negative pressure adsorption stage in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gantry motion mechanism and the micro-motion platform in this invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic focusing module and the laser repair head in this invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light spot direction adjustment component in this invention; Figure 16 This is a structural schematic diagram of the coaxial vision module in this invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 10. Frame; 20. Panel support mechanism; 21. Negative pressure adsorption stage; 22. Adsorption hood; 23. Edge positioning component; 24. Low-stress support ring; 30. Laser repair head; 31. Beam direction adjustment component; 311. Cylindrical mirror; 312. Support plate; 313. Hollow tube; 314. Micro motor; 315. First toothed ring; 316. Second toothed ring; 32. Transparent protective cover; 321. Low-flow purging channel; 322. Negative pressure suction channel; 40. Coaxial view 41. Camera; 42. Beam splitter; 43. Illumination lamp; 44. Focusing lens group; 50. Gantry motion mechanism; 51. X-axis gantry beam; 511. Electric slide; 512. Y-axis guide rail; 52. Electric slide table; 53. Micro-motion platform; 531. Electric cross slide; 532. Mounting plate; 533. Mounting seat; 60. Autofocus module; 61. Z-axis drive mechanism; 611. Electric push rod; 612. Connecting seat; 70. Barcode scanner; 80. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1 like Figures 1-16 As shown, a laser repair device for display panel defects includes: a frame 10, a panel support mechanism 20, a barcode scanner 70, a data retrieval module, a gantry motion mechanism 50, a laser repair head 30, a coaxial vision module 40, an automatic focusing module 60, a repair judgment module, and a controller 80. The panel support mechanism 20 is mounted on the frame 10 and is used to support and position the display panel with the back TFT layer facing the laser repair head 30; The barcode scanner 70 is mounted on the panel support mechanism 20 and is used to read the screen ID of the display panel; The data retrieval module is electrically connected to the barcode scanner 70 and is used to retrieve the defect coordinates of the display panel and the corresponding optical repair formula based on the screen ID. The gantry motion mechanism 50 is mounted on the frame 10 and connected to the laser repair head 30, which is used to drive the laser repair head 30 to move to the defect area corresponding to the defect coordinates. The coaxial vision module 40 is mounted on the laser repair head 30 and is used to acquire the actual position of the target wire within the defect area. The autofocus module 60 is used to adjust the position of the laser repair head 30 in the Z direction so that the laser focus of the laser repair head 30 falls on the TFT conductor layer of the display panel. The panel support mechanism 20, data call module, gantry motion mechanism 50, laser repair head 30, coaxial vision module 40, autofocus module 60 and repair judgment module are all electrically connected to the controller 80; The controller 80 is used to perform position compensation on the defect coordinates according to the actual position, and to control the laser repair head 30 to cut the target defective wire according to the corresponding optical repair formula; The repair judgment module is used to acquire the image signal or reflection signal after the cut, and to determine whether the target defective wire has been cut based on the image signal or reflection signal; The panel support mechanism 20 has a local low-stress support state corresponding to the current defect area. When the repair judgment module determines that there is a residual bridge, the controller 80 controls the laser repair head 30 to perform repair cutting.

[0025] First, the frame 10 provides a stable base for the gantry motion mechanism 50 and the panel support mechanism 20. During use, the panel is first placed on the panel support mechanism 20. Then, a barcode scanner 70 scans the ID on the panel. After the barcode scanner 70 reads the display panel ID, the data retrieval module retrieves the list of defect coordinates bound to that ID, and simultaneously retrieves the optical repair formula corresponding to each defect point. The controller retrieves the formula item by item according to the defect point and drives the gantry motion mechanism 50 to move the laser repair head 30 to the designated position. Then, the autofocus module 60 adjusts the position of the laser repair head 30 in the Z-axis so that the laser focus of the laser repair head 30 falls on the TFT conductor layer of the display panel. The coaxial vision module 40 then begins to acquire the actual position of the target conductor within the defect area. After acquiring the actual position of the target conductor within the defect area, the controller 80 performs position compensation on the defect coordinates based on the actual position and controls the laser repair head 30 to cut the target defective conductor according to the corresponding optical repair formula. Finally, the repair judgment module acquires the image signal or reflection signal after cutting and determines whether the target defective conductor has been completely cut based on the image signal or reflection signal. If the repair judgment module determines... When residual bridging is found, the controller 80 controls the laser repair head 30 to perform supplementary cutting again. The panel support mechanism 20 provides localized low-stress support for the current defect area, compensating for the focal height shift caused by panel angle deviation and improving focal accuracy. This process, through scanning the panel ID, quickly retrieves the defect coordinate list of the panel defect area and the corresponding optical repair formula for each defect point. This provides precise data support for the laser repair head 30 to cut the target defective wires, ensuring accurate cutting and solving the problem of traditional laser repair equipment using fixed parameters, which can easily lead to incomplete or excessive cutting due to different wire widths, wire directions, and defect types. Simultaneously, the repair judgment module can assess the cut defect area to determine if residual bridging exists. If residual bridging is found, the controller 80 controls the laser repair head 30 to perform supplementary cutting again, ensuring all target defective wires in the defect area are cut. This solves the problem of traditional laser repair equipment requiring manual or offline detection of residual bridging after cutting, resulting in inaccurate results and high labor intensity.

[0026] The optical repair formula invoked by the data retrieval module includes at least one or more of the following: laser power, pulse width, pulse frequency, number of cuts, spot size, and focal height. The data retrieval module binds the defect coordinates, wire width, wire direction, and defect type to the optical repair formula.

[0027] It is important to note that by configuring the optical repair formula, it is not limited to a single power value, but rather includes parameters such as laser power, pulse width, pulse frequency, number of cuts, spot size, and focal height. By utilizing the interaction of multiple parameters, the laser cutting effect can be altered. Simultaneously, the data retrieval module binds the defect coordinates, wire width, wire direction, and defect type to the optical repair formula. Specifically, when the laser repair head cuts defective wires, it can use different optical repair formulas according to different wire widths, wire directions, and defect types, changing different laser parameters. This makes laser cutting of different defective wires more precise, allowing the equipment to execute different repair parameters for different wire widths and defect types, avoiding problems such as overheating of narrow lines and residual connections in wide lines caused by uniform power.

[0028] like Figure 2 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the panel support mechanism 20 includes a negative pressure adsorption platform 21, multiple independently controlled adsorption covers 22, edge positioning components 23, and a low-stress support ring 24. The negative pressure adsorption platform 21 has multiple sets of evenly distributed through holes. The multiple independently controlled adsorption covers 22 are all sealed and connected to the lower surface of the negative pressure adsorption platform 21 and correspond to each set of through holes. The multiple independently controlled adsorption covers 22 are all connected to the corresponding fan exhaust port through pipes. There are two edge positioning components 23, and they are L-shaped. The bottom of the edge positioning component 23 is provided with a protrusion that matches the diameter of the through hole and is inserted into the through hole on the adsorption platform 21 through the protrusion. The low-stress support ring 24 is disposed between the two edge positioning components 23 and is attached to the upper surface of the adsorption platform 21. The controller 80 reduces the adsorption force of the adsorption zone corresponding to the low-stress support ring 24 according to the coordinate of the defect being repaired, and makes the low-stress support ring 24 support the display panel.

[0029] When the panel is placed on the negative pressure adsorption stage 21, the defect area of ​​the panel should correspond to the low-stress support ring 24. The low-stress support ring 24 corresponds to one of the independently controlled adsorption covers 22. Then, the panel is clamped and limited using the edge positioning component 23 to keep the panel stable before and after cutting. The edge positioning component 23 itself is positioned by inserting multiple protrusions on its bottom into multiple through holes on the negative pressure adsorption stage 21. Then, the controller 80 reduces the adsorption force of the adsorption zone corresponding to the low-stress support ring 24 according to the coordinates of the defect being repaired. Specifically, this is done by reducing the adsorption force of the low-stress support ring 24. The adsorption force of the stress support ring 24 corresponding to the adsorption cover 22, and the low stress support ring 24 supporting the display panel. The adsorption partition corresponding to the current defect area is not simply completely released, but the adsorption force is reduced according to the warping state of the panel, and the low stress support ring 24 is used to form a local low stress support. The non-repair area maintains adsorption to maintain the overall flatness of the panel, reduce the risk of local adsorption deformation and hard support lifting of the panel, improve the high stability of the TFT conductor layer relative to the laser focus, and solve the problem that large-size thin panels are prone to local warping or adsorption deformation during adsorption and bearing, resulting in focus height shift.

[0030] like Figure 3 and Figure 9 As shown, the gantry motion mechanism 50 includes an X-direction gantry beam 51 mounted on the frame 10 and an electric slide block 511 that slides along the X-direction gantry beam 51. The electric slide block 511 is provided with two symmetrical Y-direction guide rails 512. An electric slide table 52 is slidably connected to the two Y-direction guide rails 512. The electric slide table 52 is provided with a micro-motion platform 53 for micro-compensation of the laser repair head 30. The micro-motion platform 53 includes an electric cross slide block 531. A mounting plate 532 is installed at the bottom of the electric cross slide block 531. The laser repair head 30 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 532. The X-direction gantry beam 51 and the electric slide table 52 are used to coarsely position the laser repair head 30 to the defect area. The micro-motion platform 53 performs micro-compensation of the laser repair head 30 in the X and Y directions according to the actual position collected by the coaxial vision module 40.

[0031] The controller 80 controls the electric slide block 511, which slides along the X-direction gantry beam 51 within the gantry motion mechanism 50, and the electric slide table 52, which is slidably connected to the Y-direction guide rail 512, to move accordingly. This causes the laser repair head 30 to be coarsely positioned to the defect area of ​​the panel. Subsequently, the coaxial vision module 40 begins to acquire the actual position of the target wire within the defect area. After acquiring the actual position of the target wire within the defect area, the micro-motion platform 53 performs micro-compensation on the laser repair head 30 in the X and Y directions based on the actual position acquired by the coaxial vision module 40. Specifically, the electric cross slide block 531 drives the mounting plate 532 to move slightly, thereby driving the laser repair head 30, which is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 532, to perform micro-compensation. This ensures that the laser repair head 30 can accurately cut the defective wire at the actual position within the defect area, balancing the repair efficiency of large-size panels with the cutting accuracy of small wires. It reduces the impact of mechanical transmission errors on the laser landing point and solves the problem that when the display panel is loaded, there are translational and angular deviations. If the equipment only moves according to the database coordinates, the laser landing point may deviate from the target wire, leading to cutting failure.

[0032] like Figure 14 and Figure 16 As shown, the coaxial vision module 40 includes a camera 41, a beam splitter 42, and an illumination lamp 43. The camera 41 is mounted at the bottom of the laser repair head 30. The beam splitter 42 is mounted on the bottom axis of the camera 41. Three focusing lens groups 44 are evenly arranged on the lower surface of the camera 41. Three illumination lamps 43 are arranged on the lower surface of the camera 41, and the three illumination lamps 43 and the three focusing lens groups 44 are evenly and alternately distributed. The imaging optical path of the camera 41 and the processing optical path of the laser repair head 30 are coaxial through the beam splitter 42. The controller 80 establishes the mapping relationship between the imaging coordinates of the camera 41 and the focal coordinates of the laser repair head 30 according to the calibration target.

[0033] During equipment debugging, a calibration target is placed on the panel support mechanism 20. The controller 80 uses the camera 41 to acquire images of the calibration target and establishes a mapping relationship between the imaging coordinates of the camera 41 and the focal coordinates of the laser repair head 30. During subsequent repair, the controller can convert the position of the wire in the image into the actual laser processing coordinates, reduce parallax, improve the consistency between the laser action point and the visual recognition point, which is suitable for high-density TFT wire repair and improves the accuracy of laser repair.

[0034] like Figure 4 and Figure 14As shown, the autofocus module 60 includes a Z-axis drive mechanism 61 and a focus detection unit mounted on an electric slide 52. The Z-axis drive mechanism 61 includes an electric push rod 611 fixedly connected to the electric slide 52. The bottom end of the output shaft of the electric push rod 611 is fixedly connected to a connecting seat 612 that is slidably connected to the electric slide 52. A mounting seat 533 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 612. The bottom of the mounting seat 533 is fixedly connected to the electric cross slide 531. The focus detection unit includes a reflection signal detection unit and an image sharpness detection unit. The controller controls the Z-axis drive mechanism 61 to move the laser repair head 30 along the Z-axis and determines the optimal focus height based on the weighted result of the reflection signal change and the sharpness of the wire edge.

[0035] The focus detection unit uses low-power detection light reflection signal and / or image sharpness evaluation. The controller 80 scans several heights along the Z-axis and selects the height corresponding to the reflection peak, the image edge sharpness peak, or the weighted result of the two as the focus height. Specifically, the output shaft of the electric push rod 611 fixedly connected to the electric slide 52 moves in a telescopic motion, driving the connecting seat 612 and the micro-motion platform 53 fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting seat 612 to move up and down. In conjunction with the focus detection unit, which includes a reflection signal detection unit and an image sharpness detection unit, the controller 80 controls the Z-axis drive mechanism 61 to drive the laser repair head 30 to move along the Z-axis. The optimal focus height is determined based on the change of reflection signal, the sharpness of the conductor edge, or the weighted result of the two. Since the reflected light may be affected by the transparent film layer, metal reflectivity, and contamination particles, a dual mode of reflection signal and image sharpness is adopted. If either mode fails, it can be switched or cross-verified. There is no obvious risk of locking the focus incorrectly on the transparent cover layer. It adapts to panel thickness differences, local warping, and TFT layer reflection differences, improving the reliability of the laser focus falling on the conductor layer at each defect point.

[0036] like Figure 6 As shown, the controller 80 includes a wire direction recognition module and a cutting trajectory generation module. The wire direction recognition module is used to identify the extension direction of the target wire based on the image acquired by the coaxial vision module 40. The cutting trajectory generation module is used to generate a cutting trajectory that intersects with the extension direction of the target wire and control the laser repair head 30 to complete the cutting along the cutting trajectory.

[0037] The controller 80 identifies the target conductor along the direction θ based on the coaxial visual image and generates a cutting trajectory that intersects with, preferably perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to, that direction. The cutting trajectory is executed by the laser repair head 30 driven by the micro-motion platform 53, which reduces the problem of excessively long oblique conductors being cut, concentrates energy in the target cut area, and reduces the probability of accidental damage to adjacent conductors.

[0038] like Figure 15As shown, a spot direction adjustment component 31 is provided inside the laser repair head 30. The spot direction adjustment component 31 includes a cylindrical mirror 311, which is used to match the linear spot with the cutting trajectory. A support disk 312 coaxial with the laser repair head 30 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the laser repair head 30. A hollow tube 313 is rotatably connected to the axis of the support disk 312. The cylindrical mirror 311 is embedded in the hollow tube 313 and is coaxial with the hollow tube 313. A micro motor 314 is also installed on the support disk 312. The output shaft of the micro motor 314 passes through the support disk 312 and is fixedly connected to a first toothed ring 315. A second toothed ring 316 is concentrically sleeved at the bottom end of the hollow tube 313. The first toothed ring 315 and the second toothed ring 316 are meshed and connected.

[0039] By adding a spot direction adjustment component 31, the first toothed ring 315 is rotated by a micro motor 314, which drives the second toothed ring 316 that meshes with it to rotate, thereby driving the hollow tube 313 and the rotatable cylindrical mirror 311 to rotate, thus completing the matching of the direction of the linear spot with the cutting trajectory. This increases the number of spot direction adjustment methods, making the spot direction adjustment from one to two selectable options, improving dynamic accuracy, and further reducing the probability of accidental damage to adjacent lines.

[0040] like Figure 7 As shown, the repair judgment module includes an image acquisition unit, a cutting judgment unit, and a recutting control unit. The cutting judgment unit is used to identify one or more of the following: cut width, break gap, residual bridge, and ablation boundary. When the cutting judgment unit determines that there is a residual bridge, the recutting control unit controls the laser repair head 30 to perform low-energy recutting or offset recutting on the residual bridge position. When the cutting judgment unit determines that the ablation boundary exceeds the preset range, the controller 80 reduces the laser power, pulse number, or cutting number of subsequent defects of the same type.

[0041] After the first cut, the image acquisition unit in the repair judgment module begins to acquire images of the cut area. The cut judgment unit begins to identify the cut width, break gap, residual bridging, and ablation boundary. When the judgment result is that there is residual connection, the repair control unit controls the laser repair head 30 to perform low-energy repair cutting or offset repair cutting on the residual bridging position. When the ablation is determined to be too large, the power or number of cuts for subsequent defects of the same type is reduced. By changing open-loop laser cutting to closed-loop repair, the risk of rework due to residual connection and scrap due to overburning is reduced.

[0042] like Figure 8 and Figure 14 As shown, a transparent protective cover 32 is provided at the lower end of the camera 41. A low-flow purge channel 321 and a negative pressure suction channel 322 are provided around the transparent protective cover 32. The low-flow purge channel 321 is used to deliver directional protective airflow to the cutting area, and the negative pressure suction channel 322 is used to remove smoke or particles generated during the cutting process on the opposite side of the cutting area.

[0043] By setting a transparent protective cover 32 at the lower end of the camera 41, the laser repair head 30 is isolated from the contamination of smoke or particulate matter during the laser cutting process, thus extending the service life of the laser repair head 30. At the same time, when the laser repair head 30 is performing laser repair, a low-flow blowing channel 321 is set around the transparent protective cover 32 to deliver directional protective airflow to the cutting area, while a negative pressure suction channel 322 removes the smoke or particles generated during the cutting process from the opposite side of the cutting area, further reducing the risk of smoke and particles contaminating the laser repair head 30.

[0044] Working principle: During equipment debugging, a calibration target is placed on the panel support mechanism 20. The controller 80 uses the camera 41 to acquire images of the calibration target and establishes a mapping relationship between the imaging coordinates of the camera 41 and the focal coordinates of the laser repair head 30. During subsequent repairs, the controller can convert the wire positions in the image into actual laser processing coordinates, reducing paraxial parallax and improving the consistency between the laser action point and the visual recognition point, making it suitable for high-density TFT wire repair. This improves the accuracy of laser repair. During operation, the panel is first placed on the panel support mechanism 20. Then, the ID on the panel is scanned using a barcode scanner 70. After the barcode scanner 70 reads the display panel ID, the data retrieval module retrieves the defect coordinate list bound to that ID and simultaneously retrieves the optical repair formula corresponding to each defect point. The controller retrieves the formula item by item according to the defect point and drives the gantry motion mechanism 50 to move the laser repair head 30 to the designated position. Then, the autofocus module 60 adjusts the position of the laser repair head 30 in the Z direction so that the laser focus of the laser repair head 30 falls on the TFT conductor layer of the display panel. The coaxial vision module 40 then begins to collect the actual position of the target conductor in the defect area. After collecting the actual position of the target conductor in the defect area, the controller 80 performs position compensation on the defect coordinates according to the actual position and controls the laser repair head 30 to cut the target defective conductor according to the corresponding optical repair formula. Finally, the repair judgment module collects the image signal or reflection signal after cutting and judges whether the target defective conductor has been completely cut based on the image signal or reflection signal. If the repair judgment module determines that there is a residual bridge, the controller 80 controls the laser repair head 30 again. The laser repair head 30 performs supplementary cutting. The panel support mechanism 20 provides localized low-stress support for the current defect area, compensating for focal height shifts caused by panel angle deviations and improving focal accuracy. This process, through scanning the panel ID, quickly retrieves the defect coordinate list of the panel defect area and the corresponding optical repair formula for each defect point. This provides precise data support for the laser repair head 30 to cut the target defective wires, ensuring accurate cutting and solving the problem of traditional laser repair equipment using fixed parameters, which can lead to incomplete or excessive cutting due to different wire widths, wire directions, and defect types. Simultaneously, the repair judgment module can assess the cut defect area to determine if residual bridging exists. If residual bridging is found, the controller 80 controls the laser repair head 30 to perform supplementary cutting again, ensuring all target defective wires in the defect area are cut. This solves the problem of traditional laser repair equipment requiring manual or offline detection of residual bridging after cutting, resulting in inaccurate results and high labor intensity. When the panel is placed on the negative pressure adsorption stage 21, the defect area of ​​the panel should correspond to the low-stress support ring 24. The low-stress support ring 24 corresponds to one of the independently controlled adsorption covers 22. Then, the panel is clamped and limited using the edge positioning component 23 to keep the panel stable before and after cutting. The edge positioning component 23 itself is positioned by inserting multiple protrusions on its bottom into multiple through holes on the negative pressure adsorption stage 21. Then, the controller 80 reduces the adsorption force of the adsorption zone corresponding to the low-stress support ring 24 according to the coordinates of the defect being repaired. Specifically, this is done by reducing the adsorption force of the low-stress support ring 24. The adsorption force of the stress support ring 24 corresponding to the adsorption cover 22, and the low stress support ring 24 supports the display panel. The adsorption partition corresponding to the current defect area is not simply completely released, but the adsorption force is reduced according to the warping state of the panel, and the low stress support ring 24 is used to form a local low stress support. The non-repair area maintains adsorption to maintain the overall flatness of the panel, reduce the risk of local adsorption deformation and hard support lifting of the panel, improve the high stability of the TFT conductor layer relative to the laser focus, and solve the problem that large-size thin panels are prone to local warping or adsorption deformation when adsorbed and supported, resulting in focus height shift. The controller 80 controls the electric slide block 511, which slides along the X-direction gantry beam 51 within the gantry motion mechanism 50, and the electric slide table 52, which is slidably connected to the Y-direction guide rail 512, to move accordingly. This causes the laser repair head 30 to be coarsely positioned to the defect area of ​​the panel. Subsequently, the coaxial vision module 40 begins to acquire the actual position of the target wire within the defect area. After acquiring the actual position of the target wire within the defect area, the micro-motion platform 53 performs micro-compensation on the laser repair head 30 in the X and Y directions based on the actual position acquired by the coaxial vision module 40. Specifically, the electric cross slide block 531 drives the mounting plate 532 to move slightly, thereby driving the laser repair head 30, which is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 532, to perform micro-compensation. This ensures that the laser repair head 30 can accurately cut the defective wire at the actual position within the defect area, balancing the repair efficiency of large-size panels and the cutting accuracy of small wires. It reduces the impact of mechanical transmission errors on the laser landing point and solves the problem that when the display panel is loaded, there are translational and angular deviations. If the equipment only moves according to the database coordinates, the laser landing point may deviate from the target wire, leading to cutting failure. Meanwhile, the focus detection unit uses low-power detection light reflection signal and / or image sharpness evaluation. The controller 80 scans several heights along the Z direction and selects the height corresponding to the reflection peak, the image edge sharpness peak, or the weighted result of the two as the focus height. Specifically, the output shaft of the electric push rod 611 fixedly connected to the electric slide 52 is extended and retracted, driving the connecting seat 612 and the micro-motion platform 53 fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting seat 612 to rise and fall. In conjunction with the focus detection unit, which includes the reflection signal detection unit and the image sharpness detection unit, the controller 80 controls the Z-direction drive mechanism 61 to drive the laser repair head 30 to move along the Z direction. The optimal focus height is determined based on the reflection signal change, the sharpness of the conductor edge, or the weighted result of the two. Since the reflected light may be affected by the transparent film layer, metal reflectivity, and contamination particles, a dual mode of reflection signal and image sharpness is adopted. If either mode fails, it can be switched or cross-verified. There is no obvious risk of locking the focus incorrectly on the transparent cover layer. It adapts to panel thickness differences, local warping, and TFT layer reflection differences, and improves the reliability of the laser focus falling on the conductor layer at each defect point. Subsequently, the controller 80 identifies the target conductor along the direction θ based on the coaxial visual image and generates a cutting trajectory that intersects with, preferably perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to, this direction. The cutting trajectory is executed by the micro-motion platform 53 driving the laser repair head 30 or the rotatable cylindrical mirror 311, reducing the problem of excessively long oblique conductors being cut, concentrating energy in the target truncated area, and reducing the probability of accidental damage to adjacent conductors. By adding a spot direction adjustment component 31, a micro motor is used to control the first toothed ring to rotate, which drives the second toothed ring meshing with it to rotate, thereby driving the hollow tube and the rotatable cylindrical mirror 311 to rotate, thus completing the matching of the direction of the linear spot with the cutting trajectory. This increases the method of spot direction adjustment, making the spot direction adjustment from one to two options, improving dynamic accuracy, and further reducing the probability of accidental damage to adjacent lines. After the first cut, the image acquisition unit in the repair judgment module begins to acquire images of the cut area. The cut judgment unit begins to identify the cut width, break gap, residual bridging, and ablation boundary. When the judgment result is that there is residual connection, the repair control unit controls the laser repair head 30 to perform low-energy repair cutting or offset repair cutting on the residual bridging position. When the ablation is determined to be too large, the power or number of cuts for subsequent defects of the same type is reduced. By changing open-loop laser cutting to closed-loop repair, the risk of rework due to residual connection and scrap due to overburning is reduced. By setting a transparent protective cover 32 at the lower end of the camera 41, the laser repair head 30 is isolated from the contamination of smoke or particulate matter during the laser cutting process, thus extending the service life of the laser repair head 30. At the same time, when the laser repair head 30 is performing laser repair, a low-flow blowing channel 321 is set around the transparent protective cover 32 to deliver directional protective airflow to the cutting area, while a negative pressure suction channel 322 removes the smoke or particles generated during the cutting process from the opposite side of the cutting area, further reducing the risk of smoke and particles contaminating the laser repair head 30.

[0045] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser repair device for display panel defects, characterized in that, include: The components include a frame (10), a panel support mechanism (20), a barcode scanner (70), a data retrieval module, a gantry motion mechanism (50), a laser repair head (30), a coaxial vision module (40), an autofocus module (60), a repair judgment module, and a controller (80). The panel support mechanism (20) is mounted on the frame (10) and is used to support and position the display panel with the back TFT layer facing the laser repair head (30); The barcode scanner (70) is mounted on the panel support mechanism (20) and is used to read the screen ID of the display panel; The data retrieval module is electrically connected to the barcode scanner (70) and is used to retrieve the defect coordinates of the display panel and the optical repair formula corresponding to the defect coordinates according to the screen ID; The gantry motion mechanism (50) is mounted on the frame (10) and connected to the laser repair head (30) to drive the laser repair head (30) to move to the defect area corresponding to the defect coordinates; The coaxial vision module (40) is mounted on the laser repair head (30) and is used to acquire the actual position of the target wire within the defect area; The autofocus module (60) is used to adjust the position of the laser repair head (30) in the Z direction so that the laser focus of the laser repair head (30) falls on the TFT conductor layer of the display panel; The panel support mechanism (20), data call module, gantry motion mechanism (50), laser repair head (30), coaxial vision module (40), autofocus module (60) and repair judgment module are all electrically connected to the controller (80); The controller (80) is used to perform position compensation on the defect coordinates according to the actual position, and to control the laser repair head (30) to cut the target defective wire according to the corresponding optical repair formula; The repair determination module is used to acquire the image signal or reflection signal after the cut, and determine whether the target defective wire is cut based on the image signal or the reflection signal; The panel support mechanism (20) has a local low-stress support state corresponding to the current defect area. When the repair judgment module determines that there is a residual bridge, the controller (80) controls the laser repair head (30) to perform repair cutting.

2. The laser repair device for display panel defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical repair formula invoked by the data retrieval module includes at least one or more of the following: laser power, pulse width, pulse frequency, number of cuts, spot size, and focal height. The data retrieval module binds the defect coordinates, wire width, wire direction, and defect type to the optical repair formula.

3. The laser repair device for display panel defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The panel support mechanism (20) includes a negative pressure adsorption platform (21), multiple independently controlled adsorption hoods (22), an edge positioning component (23), and a low-stress support ring (24). The negative pressure adsorption platform (21) has multiple sets of evenly distributed through holes. The multiple independently controlled adsorption hoods (22) are all sealed and connected to the lower surface of the negative pressure adsorption platform (21) and correspond to each set of through holes. The multiple independently controlled adsorption hoods (22) are all connected to the corresponding fan exhaust port through pipes. The edge positioning component (23) Two edge positioning members (23) are provided, and their shapes are set as L-shaped. The bottom of the edge positioning member (23) is provided with a protrusion that matches the diameter of the through hole and is inserted into the through hole on the adsorption platform (21) through the protrusion. The low stress support ring (24) is set between the two edge positioning members (23) and is attached to the upper surface of the adsorption platform (21). The controller (80) reduces the adsorption force of the adsorption zone corresponding to the low stress support ring (24) according to the coordinate of the defect being repaired, and makes the low stress support ring (24) support the display panel.

4. The laser repair device for display panel defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gantry motion mechanism (50) includes an X-direction gantry beam (51) mounted on the frame (10) and an electric slide block (511) that slides along the X-direction gantry beam (51). The electric slide block (511) is provided with two symmetrical Y-direction guide rails (512), and an electric slide table (52) is slidably connected to both Y-direction guide rails (512). The electric slide table (52) is provided with a micro-motion platform (53) for micro-compensation of the laser repair head (30). 3) Includes an electric cross slide (531), on which an mounting plate (532) is installed. The laser repair head (30) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (532). The X-direction gantry beam (51) and the electric slide (52) are used to coarsely position the laser repair head (30) to the defect area. The micro-motion platform (53) performs X-direction and Y-direction micro-compensation on the laser repair head (30) according to the actual position collected by the coaxial vision module (40).

5. The laser repair device for display panel defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coaxial vision module (40) includes a camera (41), a beam splitter (42), and an illumination lamp (43). The camera (41) is installed at the bottom of the laser repair head (30). The beam splitter (42) is installed on the bottom axis of the camera (41). Three focusing lens groups (44) are evenly arranged on the lower surface of the camera (41). The three illumination lamps (43) are arranged on the lower surface of the camera (41), and the three illumination lamps (43) and the three focusing lens groups (44) are evenly staggered. The imaging optical path of the camera (41) and the processing optical path of the laser repair head (30) are coaxial through the beam splitter (42). The controller (80) establishes a mapping relationship between the imaging coordinates of the camera (41) and the focal coordinates of the laser repair head (30) according to the calibration target.

6. The laser repair device for display panel defects according to claim 4, characterized in that: The autofocus module (60) includes a Z-axis drive mechanism (61) and a focus detection unit mounted on an electric slide (52). The Z-axis drive mechanism (61) includes an electric push rod (611) fixedly connected to the electric slide (52). The bottom end of the output shaft of the electric push rod (611) is fixedly connected to a connecting seat (612) that is slidably connected to the electric slide (52). A mounting seat (533) is fixedly connected to the connecting seat (612). The bottom of the mounting seat (533) is fixedly connected to the electric cross slide (531). The focus detection unit includes a reflection signal detection unit and an image sharpness detection unit. The controller controls the Z-axis drive mechanism (61) to drive the laser repair head (30) to move along the Z-axis and determines the optimal focus height based on the weighted result of the reflection signal change and the sharpness of the wire edge.

7. The laser repair device for display panel defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (80) includes a wire direction recognition module and a cutting trajectory generation module. The wire direction recognition module is used to identify the extension direction of the target wire based on the image acquired by the coaxial vision module (40). The cutting trajectory generation module is used to generate a cutting trajectory that intersects with the extension direction of the target wire and control the laser repair head (30) to complete the cutting along the cutting trajectory.

8. The laser repair device for display panel defects according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser repair head (30) is provided with a spot direction adjustment component (31), which includes a cylindrical mirror (311) for matching the linear spot with the cutting trajectory. The inner wall of the laser repair head (30) is fixedly connected to a support disk (312) coaxial with the laser repair head (30). The support disk (312) is rotatably connected to a hollow tube (313). The cylindrical mirror (311) is embedded in the hollow tube (313) and coaxial with the hollow tube (313). A micro motor (314) is also installed on the support disk (312). The output shaft of the micro motor (314) passes through the support disk (312) and is fixedly connected to a first toothed ring (315). A second toothed ring (316) is concentrically sleeved at the bottom end of the hollow tube (313). The first toothed ring (315) and the second toothed ring (316) are meshed together.

9. The laser repair device for display panel defects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The repair determination module includes an image acquisition unit, a cutting determination unit, and a recutting control unit. The cutting determination unit is used to identify one or more of the following: cut width, break gap, residual bridge, and ablation boundary. When the cutting determination unit determines that there is a residual bridge, the recutting control unit controls the laser repair head (30) to perform low-energy recutting or offset recutting on the residual bridge position. When the cutting determination unit determines that the ablation boundary exceeds a preset range, the controller (80) reduces the laser power, pulse number, or cutting number of subsequent defects of the same type.

10. A laser repair device for display panel defects according to claim 5, characterized in that: A transparent protective cover (32) is provided at the lower end of the camera (41). A low-flow purge channel (321) and a negative pressure suction channel (322) are provided around the transparent protective cover (32). The low-flow purge channel (321) is used to deliver directional protective airflow to the cutting area. The negative pressure suction channel (322) is used to remove smoke or particles generated during the cutting process from the opposite side of the cutting area.

Images