Railway vehicle door frame door plate welding method and device

Abstract

The present application relates to the rail vehicle manufacturing technical field, especially a kind of rail vehicle door frame door plate welding method and device.The welding method includes: welding upright and door sill, when welding, support column is in close contact with upright, both ends of support column are fixed on door sill, all compression modules on support column compress upright on buffer beam, at this time, upright and door sill are welded;Upright and door plate are welded, when welding, support column is in close contact with upright, both ends of support column are fixed on door sill, when welding the weld between upright and door plate, the compression module corresponding to welding position compresses upright, the compression module of remaining position is loosened.The welding method avoids base material damage, realizes the overall constraint in the full-length range of upright, and according to the strategy of dynamically adjusting constraint state in welding stage, both shape control in initial welding stage and stress release in later welding stage are considered, and welding quality is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rail vehicle manufacturing technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for welding rail vehicle door frames and door panels. Background Technology

[0002] The door frame area of ​​a rail vehicle typically consists of components such as columns and sills. Among these, the columns serve as the main vertical load-bearing structure of the door frame, providing a supporting foundation for the door mechanism. In rail vehicle production, the columns are mostly manufactured using hollow extruded aluminum alloy profiles and need to be connected and fixed to the sill, door panel, and surrounding structure by welding.

[0003] Currently, a common practice is to use simple process braces as auxiliary tooling to control deformation during the column welding process. This welding method requires welding the braces to the column or surrounding structure to achieve a fixing effect. After welding, the braces need to be removed by grinding, which inevitably causes some damage to the column base material, affecting its surface quality and structural integrity. Furthermore, the constraint method of the process braces is a localized point constraint, lacking sufficient ability to suppress the bending deformation of the column along its length during welding. This easily leads to deviations in dimensional indicators such as the straightness of the welded column, thus affecting the installation accuracy of the subsequent door mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for welding door frames and panels of rail vehicles.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: A method for welding a door frame and door panel of a rail vehicle is disclosed. The door frame and door panel are fixed to a buffer beam of the vehicle body. The door frame includes a column and a sill. Welding is performed using a welding device with a support column and several clamping modules between the two ends of the support column. When welding the column and sill, the support column is pressed tightly against the column, and the two ends of the support column are fixed to the sill. All clamping modules on the support column press the column tightly against the buffer beam. When welding the column and door panel, the support column is pressed tightly against the column, and the two ends of the support column are fixed to the sill. When welding the weld between the column and the door panel, the clamping module at the welding position presses the column tightly, while the clamping modules at other positions are released.

[0006] Furthermore, the clamping module is slidably mounted on the support column. When welding the column and the door panel, the position of the clamping module on the support column is adjusted according to the welding position.

[0007] Furthermore, the support column has fixing modules at both ends. The support column is located on one side of the threshold, and the fixing modules are located on the other side of the threshold. The fixing modules clamp the threshold onto the support column.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixing module is slidably installed on the support column, and the distance between the two fixing modules on the support column is adjusted according to the distance between the door frames at both ends of the column.

[0009] This invention also provides a welding device for the welding method of rail vehicle door frame and door panel as described above, including a support column, two fixing modules and several clamping modules; The support column is provided with a sliding groove, and the fixing module and the clamping module are slidably installed in the sliding groove. All the fixing modules and the clamping modules are installed on the same side of the support column, with two of the modules located at the two ends of the support column and all the clamping modules located between the two fixing modules.

[0010] Furthermore, the two fixing modules face the two ends of the support column respectively, and are used to press the door frame; all the pressing modules face one side of the support column, and are used to press the column.

[0011] Furthermore, the fixing module includes a fixing seat and a clamping rod. The fixing seat has an L-shaped structure and includes a vertical seat and a horizontal seat. The vertical seat is slidably installed in the groove of the support column, the horizontal seat is installed on the top of the vertical seat, and the clamping rod is installed in the horizontal seat for clamping the threshold.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixing seat also includes a stabilizing seat, which has a triangular cross-section and is located on the side away from the threshold.

[0013] Furthermore, the clamping module includes a clamping seat and a clamping rod. The clamping seat includes a vertical seat, a horizontal seat, and a stabilizing seat. The vertical seat and the horizontal seat form an L-shaped structure. The vertical seat is slidably mounted on the support column. The horizontal seat is located at the top of the vertical seat. The stabilizing seat is located on both sides of the vertical seat. The clamping rod is installed in the horizontal seat and is used to clamp the column.

[0014] Furthermore, the clamping rod is threadedly connected to the cross seat, and a pad is provided at the bottom of the clamping rod. The pad is rotatably connected to the clamping rod, and the cross-section of the pad is larger than that of the clamping rod, so as to directly contact the column.

[0015] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: This welding method secures the device by clamping the support column to the threshold using fixing modules, eliminating the need for any welding operations and post-weld grinding, thus completely preventing damage to the base material. The clamping method of the fixing modules is detachable and reusable, leaving no permanent connection marks on the threshold or column. Using the support column as an overall constraint framework, which extends along the entire length of the column and is closely fitted to it, the clamping modules, arranged along the column's length, apply clamping force to various parts of the column, achieving overall constraint over its entire length. More importantly, this method further optimizes deformation control through a phased clamping strategy. During the welding of the column and threshold, all clamping modules clamp simultaneously, providing maximum rigidity and ensuring the column maintains shape stability under high welding heat input. During the welding of the column and door panel, only the clamping modules corresponding to the welding position remain clamped, while the clamping modules at other positions are released. This strategy allows some welding stress to be released in the non-welded areas of the column, preventing stress accumulation and subsequent increased deformation. This strategy of dynamically adjusting the constraint state according to the welding stage ensures both shape control in the early stage of welding and stress release in the later stage of welding.

[0016] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In addition, the spacing or dimensions between components are exaggerated to show the position of each component, and the schematic diagrams are for illustrative purposes only.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the door panel, column, and threshold structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the welding device in use according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the welding apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed module provided in an embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Door panel; 2. Post; 3. Threshold; 4. Welding device; 41. Support post; 42. Pressing module; 43. Fixing module; Detailed Implementation It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0019] Example 1 This embodiment provides a welding method for the door frame and door panel 1 of a rail vehicle. In the door frame structure of the rail vehicle, both the door frame and door panel 1 are fixed to the car body buffer beam, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the door frame mainly consists of a column 2 and a threshold 3. The column 2, as the vertical load-bearing component of the door frame, directly affects the installation accuracy of the door mechanism and the safety of vehicle operation due to its welding quality. During the welding process, the column 2 is prone to bending deformation and dimensional deviations due to the heat input, which poses difficulties for subsequent door mechanism installation. To address this issue, the welding method disclosed herein employs a specialized welding device 4 to constrain and fix the column 2.

[0020] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, welding is performed using a welding device 4, which has a support column 41 with several clamping modules 42 positioned between its two ends. When welding the column 2 and the threshold 3, the support column 41 is first placed tightly against the column 2, with both ends fixed to the threshold 3. Then, all the clamping modules 42 on the support column 41 press the column 2 firmly against the buffer beam, and welding of the column 2 and threshold 3 begins. When welding the column 2 and the door panel 1, the support column 41 is also kept tightly against the column 2, with both ends fixed to the threshold 3. However, when welding the weld between the column 2 and the door panel 1, only the clamping modules 42 corresponding to the welding position clamp the column 2; the clamping modules 42 at other positions are relaxed. This staged clamping method ensures that the constraint state of the column 2 varies when welding different parts, thus achieving reasonable control of welding stress.

[0021] In this embodiment, the support column 41 is made of aluminum alloy, which ensures sufficient structural strength while also being lightweight, making it easy for operators to install and adjust. The number of clamping modules 42 can be configured according to the actual length of the column 2, and they are usually arranged at intervals along the length of the support column 41 to ensure that sufficient clamping force can be applied to all parts of the column 2. The two ends of the support column 41 are fixedly connected to the threshold 3, providing a positioning reference for the entire device, so that the support column 41 can maintain a tight fit with the column 2.

[0022] During the welding of column 2 and sill 3, all clamping modules 42 simultaneously clamp column 2. At this time, column 2 is subjected to uniform constraint force along its entire length. This overall constraint method can effectively resist the shrinkage stress and bending stress generated during welding, thus ensuring that column 2 does not undergo significant deformation in the early stage of welding. During the welding of column 2 and door panel 1, only the clamping module 42 corresponding to the welding position remains clamped, while the clamping modules 42 at other positions are released. This local clamping method allows the non-welded areas of column 2 to release welding stress to a certain extent, avoiding the aggravation of deformation caused by stress concentration. The two clamping strategies work together to provide sufficient rigid constraint in the early stage of welding and a channel for stress release in the later stage of welding. This phased constraint method is more adaptable to the changing stress distribution during welding than a single, unchanging clamping method. Moreover, since the support column 41 remains close to column 2 and fixed to sill 3 throughout the entire welding process, the straightness of column 2 is guaranteed throughout.

[0023] The clamping module 42 can be manually operated. In other alternative embodiments, the clamping module 42 can be pneumatically or hydraulically driven to achieve automated control of clamping and loosening. The cross-sectional shape of the support column 41 is rectangular, but it can also be I-shaped or channel-shaped, as long as it can provide sufficient bending stiffness.

[0024] In some further specific examples disclosed herein, the installation method of the clamping module 42 has been optimized. The clamping module 42 is slidably mounted on the support column 41, and the position of the clamping module 42 on the support column 41 is adjusted according to the welding position when welding the column 2 and the door panel 1.

[0025] The advantage of this sliding installation method lies in its flexibility. In the production of rail vehicles, the height of the column 2 and the weld position of the door panel 1 may vary between different models, making it difficult for the fixed-position clamping module 42 to adapt to various working conditions. By setting the clamping module 42 to a sliding installation, the operator can adjust the position of the clamping module 42 on the support column 41 at any time according to the actual welding position, ensuring that the clamping module 42 is always aligned with the welding area and achieves precise local clamping. At the same time, during the welding of the column 2 and the door panel 3, the position of all clamping modules 42 can also be adjusted according to the length of the column 2, ensuring that the clamping force can cover the entire length of the column 2.

[0026] Specifically, the support column 41 has a sliding groove, and the clamping module 42 slides by engaging the sliding groove with a slider. A locking mechanism, such as a set screw or an eccentric locking handle, can be provided between the slider and the sliding groove. When the clamping module 42 slides to the desired position, it is fixed by the locking mechanism to prevent displacement during welding. The sliding groove can be a T-groove or dovetail groove structure, which can provide sliding guidance and withstand the reaction force generated by the clamping module 42 during operation.

[0027] The operator can dynamically adjust the position of the clamping module 42 according to the location of the weld during the welding process, ensuring that the clamping module 42 always follows the welding position. This dynamic following capability further enhances the effect of local clamping, as the clamping module 42 can always be aligned with the area currently being welded, thus providing the most effective constraint in that area. Simultaneously, because the clamping module 42 can slide, the same welding device 4 can be applied to pillars 2 of different specifications, eliminating the need to manufacture tooling separately for each vehicle model and reducing production preparation costs.

[0028] In other specific examples of this disclosure, the method of fixing the support post 41 to the threshold 3 is defined. The support post 41 has fixing modules 43 at both ends, the support post 41 is located on one side of the threshold 3, and the fixing modules 43 are located on the other side of the threshold 3. The fixing modules 43 clamp the threshold 3 onto the support post 41.

[0029] The support column 41 serves as the skeleton of the entire device, with both ends reliably connected to the sill 3, providing reaction force support for the clamping module 42. Directly welding or bolting the support column 41 to the sill 3 would not only be inconvenient for installation and disassembly but could also damage the sill 3. This example uses a fixing module 43 to clamp the sill 3 from the other side. That is, the support column 41 and the fixing module 43 are located on opposite sides of the sill 3, respectively. The fixing module 43 clamps the sill 3 to the support column 41, thus achieving a detachable and fixed connection between the support column 41 and the sill 3. This clamping method eliminates the need for drilling or welding on the sill 3, completely avoiding damage to the base material.

[0030] Specifically, the fixing module 43 includes a fixing seat and a clamping rod. The fixing seat is slidably mounted on the support column 41, and the clamping rod is installed in the fixing seat to clamp the threshold 3. In use, the support column 41 is first placed close to the upright column 2, with both ends of the support column 41 crossing one side of the threshold 3. Then, the fixing module 43 is installed from the other side of the threshold 3. The clamping rod is rotated to press against the surface of the threshold 3, and the threshold 3 is clamped onto the support column 41 by the friction between the clamping rod and the threshold 3. A pad can be provided at the end of the clamping rod to increase the contact area with the threshold 3 and prevent the clamping rod from leaving indentations on the surface of the threshold 3.

[0031] The fixing module 43 provides the positioning basis for the entire welding device 4. Without a reliable fixing method, the support column 41 may shift during welding, causing the clamping module 42 to fail to align with the correct position of the column 2, thus affecting the control of welding deformation. By clamping the support column 41 onto the threshold 3 with the fixing module 43, the position of the support column 41 is uniquely determined, and the straightness of the column 2 is guaranteed under the constraint of the support column 41. At the same time, the fixing module 43 and the clamping module 42 function from both ends and the sides, respectively. The fixing module 43 ensures the overall positioning of the device, while the clamping module 42 is responsible for applying local constraints to the column 2. The two work together to achieve all-round control of the column 2.

[0032] In other alternative implementations, the fixing module 43 may use a quick clamp or an eccentric cam mechanism instead of a threaded clamping rod to achieve faster clamping and unclamping.

[0033] In some further specific examples of this disclosure, the adaptive adjustment of the fixing module 43 is defined. The fixing module 43 is slidably mounted on the support column 41, and the distance between the two fixing modules 43 on the support column 41 is adjusted according to the distance between the door frames at both ends of the column 2.

[0034] The distance between the two door frames of a rail vehicle varies depending on the vehicle model. If the position of the fixing module 43 is fixed, the welding device 4 can only be used for one door frame distance, which greatly limits its application range. In this example, the fixing module 43 is slidably mounted on the support column 41, so that the distance between the fixing modules 43 at both ends can be adjusted according to the actual distance between the door frames at both ends of the column 2, thereby adapting to door frames of different widths.

[0035] Specifically, the support column 41 has a groove, and the fixing module 43 is installed in the groove via a slider. When installing the welding device 4, first place the support column 41 close to the column 2, then slide the fixing modules 43 at both ends to align them with the corresponding positions on the threshold 3. Finally, lock the fixing modules 43 and operate the clamping rod to clamp the threshold 3. The adjustment process is simple and quick, requiring no special tools.

[0036] This adjustable clamping method allows the same welding device 4 to be used on door frames at different distances. This adjustability is not only reflected in its adaptability to different vehicle models, but also in its adaptability to the dimensional fluctuations of different batches of workpieces from the same vehicle model, improving the device's versatility and fault tolerance. Furthermore, the sliding installation of the fixing module 43 and the sliding installation of the clamping module 42 share the same slide groove structure. This integrated structural design reduces the number of parts and lowers manufacturing costs.

[0037] In other alternative implementations, the sliding of the fixing module 43 can be achieved by setting multiple equally spaced mounting holes on the support column 41. The fixing module 43 adjusts the spacing by inserting into the mounting holes at different positions. This method has a simpler structure, but the continuity of adjustment is not as good as the sliding groove method.

[0038] Example 2 This embodiment provides a welding apparatus 4 for the above-described welding method. For example... Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the welding device 4 includes a support column 41, two fixing modules 43, and several clamping modules 42. The support column 41 has a sliding groove, in which the fixing modules 43 and clamping modules 42 are slidably installed. All fixing modules 43 and clamping modules 42 are installed on the same side of the support column 41, with the two fixing modules 43 located at opposite ends of the support column 41, and all clamping modules 42 located between the two fixing modules 43.

[0039] The support column 41 serves as the basic component, and the grooves on it provide a unified mounting base for the fixing modules 43 and the clamping modules 42. All functional modules are installed on the same side of the support column 41 via the grooves, which makes the overall structure of the device compact and the operating surface centralized. Two fixing modules 43 are located at both ends of the support column 41, respectively, to fix the entire device to the door frame; several clamping modules 42 are located between the two fixing modules 43, to apply clamping force to the column 2. This layout is compatible with the welding method, where the fixing modules 43 first determine the position of the device, and then the clamping modules 42 constrain the column 2.

[0040] The support column 41 is made of extruded aluminum alloy profile, and the slide groove is formed during the extrusion process, requiring no further processing. The choice of aluminum alloy material allows the support column 41 to have sufficient rigidity while remaining lightweight, enabling a single person to install and disassemble the device. The slide groove can have a T-shaped cross-section, and the bottom of the fixing module 43 and the clamping module 42 are equipped with T-shaped sliders that mate with the T-shaped slide groove. After the T-shaped slider is inserted from the end of the slide groove, it can slide freely within the groove, ensuring both smooth sliding and reliable connection.

[0041] The groove on the support column 41 accommodates both the fixing module 43 and the clamping module 42. This unified installation method ensures that all modules have a common positioning reference, namely the centerline of the groove, so that the force direction of each module during operation is consistent and no additional eccentric torque is generated. The fixing module 43 and the clamping module 42 are both installed on the same side of the support column 41, which makes all operating parts face the operator during use, facilitating observation and adjustment. The fixing module 43 is located at both ends and the clamping module 42 is located in the middle. This layout matches the stress characteristics of the column 2. The ends of the column 2 are connected to the threshold 3 through the fixing module 43, and the middle is constrained by the clamping module 42. The entire column 2 is in a multi-point support state during welding, and deformation is effectively suppressed.

[0042] In other alternative embodiments, the support column 41 can also be made of steel with grooves cut or welded on it. This method is suitable for applications requiring higher rigidity, but the weight will increase.

[0043] In some specific examples of this disclosure, the orientation of the fixing module 43 and the clamping module 42 is defined. The two fixing modules 43 are respectively oriented towards both ends of the support column 41 for clamping the door frame. All clamping modules 42 are oriented towards one side of the support column 41 for clamping the upright 2.

[0044] This orientation is closely related to the actual use of the device. The fixing module 43 needs to clamp the sill 3 onto the support column 41; therefore, the clamping direction of the fixing module 43 should be towards the location of the sill 3, i.e., towards the end of the support column 41. The two fixing modules 43 face opposite ends, allowing them to clamp the two sills 3 separately. The clamping module 42 needs to clamp the column 2 onto the buffer beam; therefore, the clamping direction of the clamping module 42 should be towards the side where the column 2 is located, i.e., all clamping modules 42 face the same side of the support column 41.

[0045] When installing the device, the operator first secures it to the door frame using the fixing modules 43 at both ends, thus determining the overall position of the device. Then, the operator operates the clamping module 42 in the middle to clamp the column 2. This orthogonal orientation allows the fixing modules 43 and clamping module 42 to function collaboratively without interfering with each other during operation. The design of the fixing modules 43 facing both ends allows the fixing operation to be performed at both ends of the device, providing ample operating space; the design of the clamping module 42 facing one side allows the clamping operation to be performed on the same side of the device, eliminating the need for the operator to frequently change positions. This operational convenience effectively reduces the labor intensity of operators in mass production.

[0046] In other specific examples of this disclosure, such as Figure 5As shown, the fixing module 43 includes a fixing seat and a clamping rod. The fixing seat has an L-shaped structure and includes a vertical seat and a horizontal seat. The vertical seat is slidably installed in the groove of the support column 41, the horizontal seat is installed on the top of the vertical seat, and the clamping rod is installed in the horizontal seat to clamp the threshold 3.

[0047] The L-shaped fixing seat is the core component for achieving the clamping function. The vertical seat, connecting to the support column 41, has a slider structure at its bottom that mates with a groove. The entire fixing module 43 is mounted on the support column 41 via the vertical seat. The horizontal seat extends outward from the top of the vertical seat, providing an installation position for the clamping rod. When the vertical seat is installed in the groove, the horizontal seat is above the support column 41 and extends outward. The clamping rod passes through the horizontal seat and extends vertically downward. The end of the clamping rod can press against the threshold 3 located below the support column 41. The support column 41 is located on one side of the threshold 3, and the fixing module 43 is clamped from the other side of the threshold 3. This clamping method utilizes the bridging effect of the L-shaped structure.

[0048] The vertical and horizontal seats of the fixed base can be a one-piece structure, such as by casting or machining, or they can be separate structures, assembled by bolting or welding. The clamping rod is threaded to the horizontal seat, and its extension length can be adjusted by rotating the clamping rod to accommodate sills of different thicknesses. A handle or wrench position can be provided at the top of the clamping rod for easy torque application by the operator.

[0049] After the threaded clamping rod is rotated to the desired position, it maintains the clamping force by relying on the self-locking property of the threaded pair, without the need for an additional locking device. At the same time, the operator can precisely adjust the extension length of the clamping rod according to the actual thickness of the sill 3 to ensure that the clamping force is moderate, so that the device will not loosen due to insufficient clamping force, nor will the surface of the sill 3 be damaged due to excessive clamping force.

[0050] In other embodiments, the clamping rod can employ a quick-locking structure, such as a combination of an eccentric cam and a clamping rod, which allows for quick clamping and loosening by moving the eccentric cam. This method is suitable for applications requiring frequent assembly and disassembly.

[0051] In some further specific examples of this disclosure, the mounting base also includes a stabilizing base with a triangular cross-section, located on the side away from the threshold 3.

[0052] The stabilizing seat is designed to improve the structural rigidity and anti-overturning capacity of the fixed seat. During operation, the fixed seat needs to withstand the reaction force generated when the clamping rod applies the clamping force. This reaction force is transmitted through the horizontal seat to the vertical seat, and then through the vertical seat to the support column 41. Because the horizontal seat extends outward from the top of the vertical seat, there is a lever arm between the point of application of the reaction force and the support point of the vertical seat, which will generate an overturning moment on the vertical seat. If the structural rigidity of the vertical seat is insufficient, it may cause bending deformation, affecting the clamping effect or even damaging the slide.

[0053] The stabilizing seat is located on the side of the vertical seat away from the threshold 3, that is, on the side opposite to the direction of extension of the horizontal seat. The cross-section of the stabilizing seat is triangular, and the two right-angled sides of the triangle are respectively attached to the side of the vertical seat and the support column 41, forming a diagonal bracing structure, which improves the stress state of the vertical seat.

[0054] The L-shaped fixing seat provides the basic configuration required for clamping, while the stabilizing seat solves the problem of insufficient stiffness in this configuration under load. Combined, the fixing seat possesses both the bridging function of the L-shaped structure and sufficient structural stiffness, maintaining stable clamping performance during long-term, high-frequency use. The triangular cross-section stabilizing seat provides the largest moment of inertia for the same amount of material.

[0055] In other alternative implementations, the stabilizer can also have a rectangular or I-shaped cross section, as long as it can provide sufficient bending stiffness.

[0056] In other specific examples of this disclosure, such as Figure 4 As shown, the clamping module 42 includes a clamping seat and a clamping rod. The clamping seat includes a vertical seat, a horizontal seat and a stabilizing seat. The vertical seat and the horizontal seat form an L-shaped structure. The vertical seat is slidably mounted on the support column 41. The horizontal seat is located at the top of the vertical seat. The stabilizing seat is located on both sides of the vertical seat. The clamping rod is installed in the horizontal seat and is used to clamp the column 2.

[0057] The vertical and horizontal seats of the clamping seat also form an L-shaped structure. The vertical seat is slidably mounted on the support column 41, and the horizontal seat is located on top of the vertical seat. The clamping rod passes through the horizontal seat to clamp the column 2. Unlike the fixing module 43, the stabilizing seats of the clamping seat are located on both sides of the vertical seat instead of on one side. This is because the direction of the load that the clamping module 42 needs to bear during operation is different from that of the fixing module 43.

[0058] The bottom of the vertical seat of the clamping seat is equipped with a slider that mates with a groove. The horizontal seat extends outward from the top of the vertical seat, and the clamping rod is vertically installed in the horizontal seat.

[0059] Two stabilizing seats are respectively located on both sides of the vertical seat, that is, on both sides along the length of the support column 41, and each stabilizing seat has a triangular cross-section. This arrangement of double-sided stabilizing seats provides stable support when the clamping seat is subjected to clamping reaction force.

[0060] In some further specific examples of this disclosure, the specific structure of the clamping rod has been optimized. The clamping rod is threadedly connected to the cross seat, and a pad is provided at the bottom of the clamping rod. The pad is rotatably connected to the clamping rod, and the cross-section of the pad is larger than that of the clamping rod, for direct contact with the column 2.

[0061] The threaded connection between the clamping rod and the cross seat provides adjustment of the clamping force. When clamping is required, rotating the clamping rod downwards causes the pad at the bottom of the rod to contact the surface of the column 2, continuing to apply pressure until the desired clamping force is achieved. To release, simply rotate the clamping rod in the opposite direction. The pad is an intermediate component between the clamping rod and the column 2; its function is to distribute the concentrated force of the clamping rod into a distributed force, preventing the end of the clamping rod from forming indentations or damage on the surface of the column 2.

[0062] A rotatable connection is established between the pad and the clamping rod. This rotatable connection prevents the pad from rotating when the clamping rod is tightened, thus avoiding scratches on column 2. The cross-section of the pad is larger than that of the clamping rod, and the increased contact area significantly reduces the pressure on the surface of column 2. The pad can be made of non-metallic materials such as aluminum alloy, copper alloy, or engineering plastics. These materials have a lower hardness than the base material of column 2, and will not cause scratches even if they come into direct contact with the surface of column 2.

[0063] The clamping seat provides the mounting base and structural rigidity, the clamping rod provides the clamping force, and the pad protects the surface of the column 2. The synergistic effect of these three components ensures that the clamping module 42 provides sufficient clamping force without causing any damage to the column 2.

[0064] In summary, when the welding device 4 is in use, the support column 41 supports and directly contacts the column 2, the clamping module 42 is installed on the support column 41 and its position can be adjusted, and the clamping rod clamps the column 2, thereby achieving the positioning and fastening of the column 2. At the same time, in conjunction with the sequence of the welding process and the release sequence of the clamping film, the deformation of the column 2 during the welding process is reduced, thereby ensuring that the column 2 does not need to be adjusted or repaired after welding.

[0065] Compared to existing tooling using simple process supports, it has the following advantages: 1. No welding required. Traditionally, simple process supports and other tooling require welding, which then needs to be ground off after welding, damaging the base material.

[0066] 2. Excellent welding deformation control. Existing simple process supports and other tooling are insufficient in constraining column 2, only controlling the width dimension in a localized area. This device constrains column 2 as a whole, resulting in significantly better control of welding deformation than existing tooling. 3. Flexibility. This invention can be applied to the production of rail vehicle columns 2 with different widths, heights, and materials, and can be customized for flexible use.

[0067] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for welding a door frame and door panel of a rail vehicle, wherein the door frame and door panel are fixed to a buffer beam of the vehicle body, and the door frame includes a column and a threshold, characterized in that: Welding is performed using a welding device, which has a support column and several clamping modules located between the two ends of the support column. Weld the uprights and the threshold. During welding, the support column is close to the upright, and both ends of the support column are fixed to the threshold. All the clamping modules on the support column press the upright onto the buffer beam. At this time, weld the uprights and the threshold. When welding the pillars and door panels, the support column is pressed tightly against the pillar, and both ends of the support column are fixed to the threshold. When welding the weld between the pillar and the door panel, the clamping module corresponding to the welding position clamps the pillar, and the clamping modules at other positions are loosened.

2. The welding method for rail vehicle door frame and door panel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping module is slidably installed on the support column. When welding the column and the door panel, the position of the clamping module on the support column is adjusted according to the welding position.

3. The welding method for rail vehicle door frame and door panel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support column has fixing modules at both ends. The support column is located on one side of the threshold, and the fixing modules are located on the other side of the threshold. The fixing modules clamp the threshold onto the support column.

4. The welding method for rail vehicle door frame and door panel as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing module is slidably installed on the support column, and the distance between the two fixing modules on the support column is adjusted according to the distance between the door frames at both ends of the column.

5. A welding apparatus for the welding method of rail vehicle door frame and door panel as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It includes a support column, two fixing modules, and several clamping modules; The support column is provided with a sliding groove, and the fixing module and the clamping module are slidably installed in the sliding groove. All the fixing modules and the clamping modules are installed on the same side of the support column, with two of the modules located at the two ends of the support column and all the clamping modules located between the two fixing modules.

6. The welding apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The two fixing modules face the two ends of the support column respectively, and are used to press the door frame; all the pressing modules face one side of the support column, and are used to press the column.

7. The welding apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The fixing module includes a fixing seat and a clamping rod. The fixing seat has an L-shaped structure and includes a vertical seat and a horizontal seat. The vertical seat is slidably installed in the groove of the support column. The horizontal seat is installed on the top of the vertical seat. The clamping rod is installed in the horizontal seat and is used to clamp the threshold.

8. The welding apparatus as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The fixed base also includes a stabilizing base, which has a triangular cross-section and is located on the side away from the threshold.

9. The welding apparatus as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The clamping module includes a clamping seat and a clamping rod. The clamping seat includes a vertical seat, a horizontal seat, and a stabilizing seat. The vertical seat and the horizontal seat form an L-shaped structure. The vertical seat is slidably mounted on the support column. The horizontal seat is located at the top of the vertical seat. The stabilizing seat is located on both sides of the vertical seat. The clamping rod is installed in the horizontal seat and is used to clamp the column.

10. The welding apparatus as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The clamping rod is threadedly connected to the cross seat. A pad is provided at the bottom of the clamping rod. The pad is rotatably connected to the clamping rod. The cross-section of the pad is larger than that of the clamping rod, and it is used to directly contact the column.

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