Automobile part welding tooling

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of automobile parts processing equipment, and provides an automobile parts welding tool, which comprises a tool bearing base, a pressing assembly and a core safety locking assembly. The pressing assembly is composed of a workpiece pressing fluid power cylinder and a workpiece self-locking pressing head, and is used for clamping the workpiece; the core safety locking assembly comprises a one-way limiting transmission screw, a pressing head linkage ball nut and a bidirectional one-way limiting ratchet pawl mechanism, and realizes mechanical self-locking after the pressing head reaches the pressing position. The automobile parts welding tool provided by the application can still reliably maintain the pressing state, prevent the workpiece from loosening, ensure the welding precision and operation safety, and is suitable for the automatic welding production line with high reliability requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive parts processing equipment technology, and specifically to a welding fixture for automotive parts. Background Technology

[0002] In automobile manufacturing, key components such as the body and chassis are typically assembled from multiple stamped or cast / forged parts through welding. To ensure welding accuracy and structural strength, specialized tooling is required to precisely position and reliably clamp each part before welding. Currently, such welding tooling commonly employs pneumatically or hydraulically driven clamping mechanisms. These mechanisms use a workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder to push a self-locking clamping head to press the workpiece, offering advantages such as fast response and high automation.

[0003] However, existing technologies pose significant safety hazards: if the gas source or hydraulic system leaks, experiences a sudden pressure drop, detaches a pipeline, or malfunctions in the control system, the workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder will be unable to maintain its output force, causing the workpiece self-locking clamping head to automatically retract, resulting in the workpiece loosening or even falling off. While the welding arc is still in operation, workpiece displacement can easily lead to weld misalignment, incomplete welding, and increased spatter. In severe cases, this can cause equipment collisions, workpiece scrapping, and even endanger the safety of operators. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a welding fixture for automotive parts to solve or alleviate the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a welding fixture for automotive parts, comprising:

[0006] Tooling support base;

[0007] A clamping assembly is mounted on the tooling support base. The clamping assembly includes a workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder and a workpiece self-locking clamping head. The workpiece self-locking clamping head is movably connected to the tooling support base and has a clamping position and a releasing position. The cylinder body of the workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder is fixedly connected to the tooling support base, and the power output shaft of the workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder is drively connected to the workpiece self-locking clamping head. The workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder is used to drive the workpiece self-locking clamping head to switch between the clamping position and the releasing position.

[0008] The core safety locking assembly is disposed on the tooling support base and is configured to lock the workpiece self-locking clamping head when it is in the clamping position, so as to keep the workpiece self-locking clamping head in the clamping position even if the workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder fails.

[0009] Optionally, the core security locking assembly includes:

[0010] A one-way limiting transmission screw, wherein the axis of the one-way limiting transmission screw is arranged longitudinally and is rotatably connected to the tooling bearing base;

[0011] A pressure head linkage ball screw nut is fixedly connected to the workpiece self-locking pressure head and coaxially sleeved on the one-way limit transmission screw, forming a threaded engagement with the one-way limit transmission screw; and

[0012] A bidirectional unidirectional limiting ratchet and pawl mechanism is provided, wherein the bidirectional unidirectional limiting ratchet and pawl mechanism is disposed on the tooling support base and / or the unidirectional limiting transmission screw, and the bidirectional unidirectional limiting ratchet and pawl mechanism is configured such that, during the clamping process, the unidirectional limiting transmission screw is allowed to rotate only in a first direction.

[0013] Optionally, the bidirectional unidirectional limiting ratchet and pawl mechanism includes:

[0014] A one-way anti-rotation ratchet is clamped, which is coaxially sleeved on the one-way limit transmission screw and fixedly connected to the one-way limit transmission screw.

[0015] A clamping and locking pawl is provided on the first side of the one-way limiting transmission screw and is movably connected to the tooling support base. It has an anti-rotation engagement position that engages with the clamping one-way anti-rotation ratchet and an unlocking disengagement position that separates from the clamping one-way anti-rotation ratchet.

[0016] A pawl-driven fluid drive unit is mounted on the tooling support base and is connected to the clamping and stopping pawl via a transmission. It is configured to: drive the clamping and stopping pawl to the anti-rotation engagement position during the clamping process; and drive the clamping and stopping pawl to the unlocking and disengaging position during the releasing process.

[0017] Optionally, the pawl-driven fluid drive unit includes:

[0018] A pawl-driven fluid cylinder has a hollow pawl-driven sealed pressure chamber and is fixedly installed on the tooling support base.

[0019] A bidirectional ratchet-driven piston is disposed within the ratchet-driven sealed pressure chamber and is axially slidably connected to the ratchet-driven fluid cylinder. Its outer wall is in contact with and seals the inner wall of the ratchet-driven sealed pressure chamber, thereby dividing the ratchet-driven sealed pressure chamber into a pressing control high-pressure chamber and a releasing control high-pressure chamber.

[0020] A pawl elastic telescopic push rod is provided on the first side of the bidirectional pawl linkage piston. Its first end is connected to the bidirectional pawl linkage piston, and its second end passes through the pawl drive fluid cylinder and is connected to the pawl locking engagement pawl.

[0021] The pawl-driven fluid cylinder has a clamping pawl control inlet connected to the clamping control high-pressure chamber and a releasing pawl control inlet connected to the releasing control high-pressure chamber. The clamping pawl control inlet is connected to the fluid supply system through a clamping control pressure supply line, and the releasing pawl control inlet is connected to the fluid supply system through a releasing control pressure supply line.

[0022] The bidirectional pawl linkage piston has a tool clamping control position and a tool release control position. When it is in the tool clamping control position, the clamping stop engagement pawl is placed in the anti-rotation engagement position by the elastic telescopic push rod of the clamping pawl. When it is in the tool release control position, the clamping stop engagement pawl is placed in the unlocking separation position by the elastic telescopic push rod of the clamping pawl.

[0023] Optionally, the bidirectional unidirectional limiting ratchet and pawl mechanism is further configured to allow the unidirectional limiting transmission screw to rotate only in a second direction opposite to the first direction during the release process;

[0024] The bidirectional unidirectional limiting ratchet and pawl mechanism further includes:

[0025] The release one-way anti-rotation ratchet is coaxially sleeved on the one-way limiting transmission screw and fixedly connected to the one-way limiting transmission screw, and the ratchet teeth of the release one-way anti-rotation ratchet are inclined in opposite directions to the clamping one-way anti-rotation ratchet; and

[0026] The release working condition stop pawl is located on the second side of the one-way limit transmission screw opposite to the first side, and is movably connected to the tooling bearing base. It has an anti-mis-clamping engagement position that engages with the release one-way anti-rotation ratchet and an idle separation position that separates from the release one-way anti-rotation ratchet.

[0027] The pawl linkage fluid drive unit also includes a release pawl elastic telescopic push rod. The release pawl elastic telescopic push rod is disposed on the second side of the bidirectional pawl linkage piston. Its first end is connected to the bidirectional pawl linkage piston, and its second end passes through the pawl drive fluid cylinder and is connected to the release working condition stop pawl.

[0028] When the bidirectional pawl linkage piston is in the tooling clamping control position, the clamping stop engagement pawl is placed in the anti-rotation engagement position by the clamping pawl elastic telescopic push rod, and the release condition stop pawl is placed in the idling separation position by the release pawl elastic telescopic push rod.

[0029] When the bidirectional pawl linkage piston is in the tooling release control position, the clamping stop engagement pawl is placed in the unlocking separation position by the clamping pawl elastic telescopic push rod, and the release condition stop pawl is placed in the anti-misclamping engagement position by the release pawl elastic telescopic push rod.

[0030] Optionally, the pawl-driven fluid cylinder is further provided with a clamping flow path connection interface that communicates with the clamping control high-pressure chamber and a releasing flow path connection interface that communicates with the releasing control high-pressure chamber;

[0031] The clamping flow path connection interface is connected to the rodless cavity of the workpiece clamping fluid power cylinder through the workpiece clamping drive pipeline. The workpiece clamping drive pipeline is connected to the clamping control pressure supply pipeline through the first return pressure relief guide branch pipe. The first return pressure relief guide branch pipe is equipped with a clamping return check valve that only allows fluid to flow from the workpiece clamping drive pipeline to the clamping control pressure supply pipeline.

[0032] The release flow path connection interface is connected to the rod chamber of the workpiece clamping fluid power cylinder through the workpiece release drive pipeline. The workpiece release drive pipeline is connected to the release control pressure supply pipeline through the return pressure relief guide branch pipe. The return pressure relief guide branch pipe is equipped with a release return check valve that only allows fluid to flow from the workpiece release drive pipeline to the release control pressure supply pipeline.

[0033] The core safety locking assembly also includes a first control unit corresponding to the clamping flow path connection interface and a second control unit corresponding to the releasing flow path connection interface;

[0034] The first control unit is configured to: open the clamping flow path connection interface after driving the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston to the tooling clamping control position;

[0035] The second control unit is configured to open the release flow path connection interface after driving the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston to the tooling release control position.

[0036] Optionally, the first control unit includes a pressing flow path timing control plate, the pressing flow path timing control plate is provided with a pressing flow path through hole that cooperates with the pressing flow path communication interface, the pressing flow path timing control plate is disposed in the side wall of the pawl drive fluid cylinder and is slidably connected to the pawl drive fluid cylinder, and is fixedly connected to the pressing pawl elastic telescopic push rod;

[0037] The second control unit includes a release flow path timing control plate, which has a release flow path through hole that mates with the release flow path communication interface. The release flow path timing control plate is disposed inside the side wall of the pawl-driven fluid cylinder and is slidably connected to the pawl-driven fluid cylinder, and is fixedly connected to the release pawl elastic telescopic push rod.

[0038] Optionally, the core safety locking assembly further includes a pressure self-holding component for the clamping station and a pressure self-holding component for the releasing station;

[0039] The workpiece clamping drive pipeline is connected to the clamping flow path interface through the clamping station pressure self-sustaining component;

[0040] The workpiece release drive pipeline is connected to the release flow path interface through the release station pressure self-sustaining component.

[0041] The self-sustaining pressure component of the clamping station is configured to maintain the fluid pressure in the clamping control high-pressure chamber within a target range when the clamping flow path connection interface is opened, so that the fluid in the clamping control high-pressure chamber can hold the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston in the tooling clamping control position.

[0042] The release station pressure self-sustaining component is configured to maintain the fluid pressure in the release control high pressure chamber within a target range when the release flow path connection interface is opened, so that the fluid in the release control high pressure chamber can hold the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston in the tooling release control position.

[0043] Optionally, the self-holding pressure assembly at the clamping station and the self-holding pressure assembly at the releasing station have the same structure, both including:

[0044] A pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve has a hollow structure. The first end of the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve is provided with a stabilizing medium input port, and the second end is provided with a stabilizing medium output port. The pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve is connected in series between the workpiece clamping drive pipeline and the clamping flow path connection interface or between the workpiece releasing drive pipeline and the releasing flow path connection interface.

[0045] A pressure threshold baffle is disposed within the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve and slidably connected to the sleeve axially. The baffle has a pressure-stabilizing medium flow channel, which is offset from the pressure-stabilizing medium input port. This offset prevents fluid from passing through the pressure-stabilizing medium flow channel when the baffle is in contact with the end wall of the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve.

[0046] A pressure threshold reset spring is disposed inside the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve. Its two ends are respectively connected to the pressure threshold throttling baffle and the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve. In its natural state, the pressure threshold reset spring applies a spring force to the pressure threshold throttling baffle, causing it to fit against the end side wall of the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve.

[0047] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0048] The automotive parts welding fixture provided by this invention employs a mechanical core safety locking assembly consisting of a pressure head linkage ball screw, a one-way limit transmission screw, and a two-way one-way limit ratchet and pawl mechanism. This allows the workpiece self-locking pressure head to be passively locked after reaching the clamping position through the self-locking of the threaded pair and the restriction of one-way rotation. This solves the technical problem of traditional pure fluid driven fixtures losing clamping force when the air source or hydraulic system fails, leading to workpiece loosening or even welding failure. Attached Figure Description

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an automotive component welding fixture provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The core safety locking assembly of the automotive component welding fixture shown is a perspective view in the first direction.

[0052] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The core security locking assembly shown is a perspective view in the second direction;

[0053] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of the core safety locking assembly of the automotive component welding fixture shown.

[0054] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the clamping station pressure self-holding component and the releasing station pressure self-holding component of the core safety locking assembly of the automotive component welding fixture.

[0055] Figure label:

[0056] 100. Tooling support base; 210. Workpiece self-locking clamping head; 220. Workpiece clamping fluid power cylinder; 310. Clamping head linkage ball screw nut; 320. One-way limit transmission screw; 331. Clamping one-way anti-rotation ratchet; 332. Clamping stop engagement pawl; 333. Pawl drive fluid cylinder; 334. Two-way pawl linkage piston; 335. Clamping pawl elastic telescopic push rod; 336. Releasing one-way anti-rotation ratchet; 337. Releasing working condition stop pawl; 338. Releasing pawl elastic telescopic push rod; 340. Clamping flow path timing control plate; 441. 450. Pressing the flow path through hole; 451. Loosening the flow path timing control plate; 462. Loosening the flow path through hole; 463. Pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve; 464. Pressure threshold throttling baffle; 465. Pressure threshold reset spring; 516. Pressing control pressure supply line; 527. Loosening control pressure supply line; 530. Workpiece pressing drive line; 540. Workpiece loosening drive line; 550. First return pressure relief guide branch pipe; 560. Return pressure relief guide branch pipe; 570. Pressing return check valve; 580. Loosening return check valve; 610. Workpiece forming support seat. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0059] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0060] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0061] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0062] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a welding fixture for automotive parts, including a fixture bearing base 100, a clamping assembly, a support assembly, a positioning assembly, and a core safety locking assembly.

[0065] The clamping assembly includes a workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder 220 and a workpiece self-locking clamping head 210. The workpiece self-locking clamping head 210 is movably connected to the tooling support base 100, and can switch between a clamping position and a releasing position. The workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder 220 can be a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, its cylinder body is fixed on the tooling support base 100, and its power output shaft is driven by the workpiece self-locking clamping head 210, which is used to drive the workpiece self-locking clamping head 210 to move.

[0066] The support assembly includes a workpiece forming support 610 fixedly mounted on the tooling support base 100, the workpiece forming support 610 having a support surface adapted to the corresponding position of the part to be processed. The positioning assembly includes a workpiece precision positioning pin fixedly mounted on the workpiece forming support 610.

[0067] The core safety locking assembly is mounted on the tooling support base 100. The core safety locking assembly is configured to lock the workpiece self-locking clamping head 210 after it reaches the clamping position. Even if the workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder 220 experiences a leak or other malfunction, the clamping state can still be maintained.

[0068] Working principle:

[0069] Before welding, the automotive parts to be welded are placed on the tooling support base 100. Compressed gas or hydraulic oil is introduced into the workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder 220 (such as a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder), thereby pushing the workpiece self-locking clamping head 210 downward to the clamping position to firmly clamp the workpiece. At the same time, the core safety locking assembly automatically intervenes, mechanically locking the workpiece self-locking clamping head 210 after it reaches the clamping position. Even if the workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder 220 fails due to pipeline leakage, pressure drop, or power failure, the workpiece self-locking clamping head 210 is still maintained in the clamping state by the core safety locking assembly, ensuring that the welding process is uninterrupted, significantly improving the safety and reliability of the welding tooling; avoiding workpiece loosening, welding misalignment, or even safety accidents caused by drive source failure; suitable for high-cycle, automated production lines, ensuring continuous and stable operation.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] like Figures 1-3 As shown, in this embodiment, the core safety locking assembly further includes a pressure head linkage ball screw 310, a one-way limit transmission screw 320, and a two-way one-way limit ratchet and pawl mechanism.

[0072] The one-way limiting transmission screw 320 is arranged longitudinally and is rotatably connected to the tooling support base 100. The pressure head linkage ball screw nut 310 is fixedly connected to the workpiece self-locking pressure head 210 and sleeved on the one-way limiting transmission screw 320, forming a precision threaded fit with the one-way limiting transmission screw. The bidirectional one-way limiting ratchet and pawl mechanism is provided on the tooling support base 100 or the one-way limiting transmission screw 320, limiting the one-way limiting transmission screw 320 to rotate only in the first direction during the clamping process.

[0073] When the workpiece self-locking clamping head 210 is driven to the clamping position, the one-way limit transmission screw 320 cannot rotate in the reverse direction due to the bidirectional one-way limit ratchet and pawl mechanism. Thus, the clamping state is maintained through the mechanical self-locking effect of the clamping head linkage ball screw nut 310 and the one-way limit transmission screw 320, achieving passive safety locking.

[0074] Working principle:

[0075] The workpiece self-locking clamping head 210 is connected to the one-way limit transmission screw 320 via the clamping head linkage ball screw nut 310. When the workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder 220 pushes the workpiece self-locking clamping head 210 downward, the clamping head linkage ball screw nut 310 drives the one-way limit transmission screw 320 to rotate. The bidirectional one-way limit ratchet and pawl mechanism restricts the one-way limit transmission screw 320 to rotate only in the first direction (such as clockwise). After clamping in place, if an attempt is made to rotate in the opposite direction (such as due to external force or gravity rebound), the bidirectional one-way limit ratchet and pawl mechanism prevents this action, making it impossible for the one-way limit transmission screw 320 to reverse, thereby "locking" the workpiece self-locking clamping head 210 in the current position through the self-locking effect of the threaded pair.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] like Figures 2-3 As shown, in this embodiment, the bidirectional unidirectional limiting ratchet and pawl mechanism specifically includes a clamping unidirectional anti-rotation ratchet 331, a clamping and stopping engagement pawl 332, and a pawl linkage fluid drive unit.

[0078] A clamping one-way anti-rotation ratchet 331 is coaxially sleeved on a one-way limit transmission screw 320 and fixedly connected to the one-way limit transmission screw 320. A clamping stop engagement pawl 332 is located on the first side of the one-way limit transmission screw 320. The clamping stop engagement pawl 332 is movably connected to the tooling support base 100. The clamping stop engagement pawl 332 has an anti-rotation engagement position that engages with the clamping one-way anti-rotation ratchet 331 and an unlocking disengagement position that separates from the clamping one-way anti-rotation ratchet 331, and can switch between the two positions.

[0079] The pawl linkage fluid drive unit is connected to the clamping and stopping pawl 332. The pawl linkage fluid drive unit is configured to: push the clamping and stopping pawl 332 to the anti-rotation engagement position during the clamping stage, so that the clamping and stopping pawl 332 engages with the clamping one-way anti-rotation ratchet 331, thereby restricting the one-way limit transmission screw 320 to rotate only in the first direction; during the releasing stage, drive the clamping and stopping pawl 332 to the unlocking and separation position to release the restriction.

[0080] Working principle:

[0081] The clamping one-way anti-rotation ratchet 331 is fixed to the one-way limit transmission screw 320, and the clamping stop engagement pawl 332 is controlled by the pawl linkage fluid drive unit to swing. During the clamping process, the pawl linkage fluid drive unit pushes the clamping stop engagement pawl 332 into the anti-rotation engagement position that meshes with the clamping one-way anti-rotation ratchet 331. At this time, the one-way limit transmission screw 320 can only rotate in the first direction and cannot reverse. When releasing, the pawl linkage fluid drive unit drives the clamping stop engagement pawl 332 to disengage from the ratchet to release the restriction and allow the one-way limit transmission screw 320 to reverse to release the workpiece self-locking clamping head 210.

[0082] This structure achieves one-way locking through a ratchet and pawl mechanism, ensuring reliable operation and rapid response.

[0083] Example 4

[0084] like Figures 2-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the pawl-driven fluid drive unit includes a pawl-driven fluid cylinder 333, a bidirectional pawl-driven piston 334, and a pawl-pressing elastic telescopic push rod 335.

[0085] The pawl-driven fluid cylinder 333 is fixedly mounted on the tooling support base 100. The interior of the pawl-driven fluid cylinder 333 forms a pawl-driven sealing pressure chamber, which is divided into a pressing control high-pressure chamber and a releasing control high-pressure chamber by a bidirectional pawl linkage piston 334. The bidirectional pawl linkage piston 334 is disposed within the pawl-driven fluid cylinder 333 and undergoes a sealing sliding fit with the pawl-driven fluid cylinder 333.

[0086] One end of the pawl elastic telescopic push rod 335 is connected to the bidirectional pawl linkage piston 334, and the other end extends out of the pawl drive fluid cylinder 333 and is connected to the pawl 332 for pressing and stopping engagement.

[0087] The pawl-driven fluid cylinder 333 is provided with a clamping pawl control inlet connected to the clamping control high-pressure chamber and a releasing pawl control inlet connected to the releasing control high-pressure chamber. The clamping pawl control inlet is connected to the fluid supply system via the clamping control pressure supply line 510 and the releasing pawl control inlet is connected to the releasing control pressure supply line 520.

[0088] The bidirectional ratchet linkage piston 334 has a tooling clamping control position and a tooling releasing control position. When the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston 334 is in the tooling clamping control position, the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston 334 clamps the locking pawl 332 to the anti-rotation engagement position by clamping the pawl elastic telescopic push rod 3354. When the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston 334 is in the tooling releasing control position, the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston 334 clamps the locking pawl 332 to the unlocking separation position by clamping the pawl elastic telescopic push rod 335.

[0089] Working principle:

[0090] During clamping, high-pressure fluid enters the clamping control high-pressure chamber via the clamping control pressure supply line 510, pushing the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston 334 towards the release control high-pressure chamber to the tooling clamping control position. The bidirectional ratchet linkage piston 334 then drives the clamping stop engagement pawl 332 to the anti-rotation engagement position via the clamping pawl elastic telescopic push rod 335. During release, fluid enters the release control high-pressure chamber via the release control pressure supply line 520, pushing the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston 334 in the opposite direction to the tooling release control position. The bidirectional ratchet linkage piston 334 then drives the clamping stop engagement pawl 332 to the unlocking separation position via the clamping pawl elastic telescopic push rod 335. The entire process of this structure is synchronously driven by the same hydraulic / pneumatic system for clamping and locking actions, utilizing existing fluid power sources without the need for additional motors or solenoid valves.

[0091] Example 5

[0092] like Figures 2-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the bidirectional unidirectional limiting ratchet and pawl mechanism further includes a release unidirectional anti-rotation ratchet 336 and a release working condition stop pawl 337.

[0093] The release one-way anti-rotation ratchet 336 is coaxially sleeved on the one-way limit transmission screw 320 and fixedly connected to the one-way limit transmission screw 320. However, the ratchet teeth of the release one-way anti-rotation ratchet 336 and the clamping one-way anti-rotation ratchet 331 are inclined in opposite directions. The release working condition stop pawl 337 is provided on the second side of the one-way limit transmission screw 320. The release working condition stop pawl 337 is movably connected to the tooling support base 100. The release working condition stop pawl 337 has an anti-mis-clamping engagement position that engages with the release one-way anti-rotation ratchet 336 and an idle separation position that separates from the release one-way anti-rotation ratchet 336, and can switch between the two positions.

[0094] The pawl-driven fluid drive unit also includes a release pawl elastic telescopic push rod 338.

[0095] One end of the release pawl elastic telescopic push rod 338 is connected to the bidirectional pawl linkage piston 334, and the other end extends out of the pawl drive fluid cylinder 333 and is connected to the release working condition stop pawl 337.

[0096] When the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston 334 is in the tooling clamping control position, the clamping stop pawl 332 engages, and the releasing stop pawl 337 disengages, allowing the one-way limit transmission screw 320 to rotate only in the first direction. When the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston 334 is in the tooling releasing control position, the clamping stop pawl 332 disengages, and the releasing stop pawl 337 engages, allowing the one-way limit transmission screw 320 to rotate only in the second direction. This achieves bidirectional unidirectional locking during clamping and releasing processes, preventing malfunctions and improving safety and operational reliability.

[0097] Working principle:

[0098] When tightening, the tightening stop pawl 332 engages, and the loosening stop pawl 337 disengages, allowing the one-way limit transmission screw 320 to rotate only forward. When loosening, the tightening stop pawl 332 disengages, and the loosening stop pawl 337 engages, allowing the one-way limit transmission screw 320 to rotate only in reverse. Both sets of pawls are controlled by the same bidirectional pawl linkage piston 334 via elastic telescopic rods on both sides, achieving bidirectional unidirectional locking.

[0099] This structure not only prevents accidental loosening after clamping, but also prevents the one-way limit transmission screw 320 from misrotating and re-clamping due to external force during the loosening process; it achieves full-stroke directional control, improving operational safety and controllability; it is particularly suitable for welding scenarios with vibration or inertial impact.

[0100] Example 6

[0101] like Figures 2-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the pawl-driven fluid cylinder 333 is equipped with a clamping flow path connection interface and a releasing flow path connection interface. The clamping flow path connection interface is connected to the rodless chamber of the workpiece clamping fluid power cylinder 220 via the workpiece clamping drive pipeline 530, and is connected to the clamping control pressure supply pipeline 510 via the first return pressure relief guide branch pipe 550. The first return pressure relief guide branch pipe 550 is equipped with a clamping return check valve 570 that only allows fluid to flow from the workpiece clamping drive pipeline 530 to the clamping control pressure supply pipeline 510. The releasing flow path connection interface is connected to the rod chamber via the workpiece releasing drive pipeline 540, and is connected to the releasing control pressure supply pipeline 520 via the return pressure relief guide branch pipe 560. The return pressure relief guide branch pipe 560 is equipped with a 520 releasing return check valve 580 that only allows fluid to flow from the workpiece releasing drive pipeline 540 to the releasing control pressure supply pipeline.

[0102] The locking assembly also includes a first control unit and a second control unit, which respectively control the opening and closing timing of pressing the flow path connection interface and releasing the flow path connection interface.

[0103] When clamping, the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston 334 first moves to the tooling clamping control position, triggering the first control unit to open the clamping flow path connection interface, and the fluid enters the rod chamber through this path to drive clamping; when releasing, the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston 334 first moves to the tooling releasing control position, triggering the second control unit to open the releasing flow path connection interface, and the fluid enters the rodless chamber to drive retraction.

[0104] This structure enables the linkage between drive and lock flow paths, effectively simplifying pipeline layout.

[0105] Example 7

[0106] like Figures 2-4As shown, in this embodiment, the first control unit includes a pressure flow path timing control plate 340, which is provided with a pressure flow path through hole 441. The pressure flow path timing control plate 340 is slidably disposed in the side wall of the pawl drive fluid cylinder 333 and is fixedly connected to the pressure pawl elastic telescopic push rod 335.

[0107] The second control unit includes a release flow path timing control plate 450, which is provided with a release flow path through hole 451. The release flow path timing control plate 450 is slidably disposed in the side wall of the pawl-driven fluid cylinder 333 and is fixedly connected to the release pawl elastic telescopic push rod 338.

[0108] When the bidirectional pawl linkage piston 334 moves to the tooling clamping control position, the bidirectional pawl linkage piston 334 drives the clamping flow path timing control plate 340 to slide through the clamping pawl elastic telescopic push rod 335, so that the clamping flow path guide hole 441 is aligned with the clamping flow path connection interface, thereby opening the clamping flow path connection interface; when the bidirectional pawl linkage piston 334 moves to the tooling releasing control position, the bidirectional pawl linkage piston drives the releasing flow path timing control plate 450 to slide through the releasing pawl elastic telescopic push rod 338, so that the releasing flow path guide hole 451 is aligned with the releasing flow path connection interface, thereby opening the releasing flow path connection interface.

[0109] Example 8

[0110] like Figures 2-4 As shown, in this embodiment, the core safety locking assembly further includes a self-holding pressure assembly at the clamping station and a self-holding pressure assembly at the releasing station. The workpiece clamping drive pipeline 530 is connected to the clamping flow path connection interface via the self-holding pressure assembly at the clamping station, and the workpiece releasing drive pipeline 540 is connected to the releasing flow path connection interface via the self-holding pressure assembly at the releasing station.

[0111] The pressure self-sustaining component at the clamping station maintains stable pressure in the clamping control high-pressure chamber after the clamping flow path connection interface is opened, ensuring that the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston 334 reliably remains in the tooling clamping control position. Similarly, the pressure self-sustaining component at the release station maintains stable pressure in the release control high-pressure chamber after the release flow path connection interface is opened, ensuring that the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston 334 reliably remains in the tooling release control position, preventing locking failure due to pressure fluctuations. This pressure-holding mechanism enhances the system's stability under dynamic operating conditions.

[0112] Example 9

[0113] like Figures 2-5 As shown, in this embodiment, both the pressure self-holding component at the pressing station and the pressure self-holding component at the releasing station include a pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve 461, a pressure threshold throttling baffle 462, and a pressure threshold reset spring 463.

[0114] A pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve 461 is connected in series between the corresponding pipe and interface. It has a sliding pressure threshold baffle 462 inside. The pressure stabilizing medium flow channel on the pressure threshold baffle 462 is misaligned with the pressure stabilizing medium input port of the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve 461. A pressure threshold reset spring 463 is set inside the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve 461. The two ends of the pressure threshold reset spring 463 are connected to the pressure threshold baffle 462 and the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve 461. Under normal conditions, the pressure threshold reset spring 463 presses the pressure threshold baffle 462 against the end wall to close the pressure stabilizing medium flow channel.

[0115] Only when the pressure inside the cavity reaches the set threshold, the fluid thrust causes the pressure threshold throttling baffle 462 to move against the elastic force of the pressure threshold reset spring 463, so as to open the pressure stabilizing medium flow channel.

[0116] This structure combines pressure threshold control and pressure holding functions, ensuring that the system performs subsequent actions only under sufficient pressure conditions, thereby improving safety and control accuracy.

[0117] Numerous specific details are set forth in this specification. However, it will be understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0118] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding fixture for automotive parts, characterized in that, include: Tooling support base (100); A clamping assembly is provided on the tooling support base (100). The clamping assembly includes a workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder (220) and a workpiece self-locking clamping head (210). The workpiece self-locking clamping head (210) is movably connected to the tooling support base (100) and has a clamping position and a releasing position. The cylinder body of the workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder (220) is fixedly connected to the tooling support base (100). The power output shaft of the workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder (220) is drivenly connected to the workpiece self-locking clamping head (210). The workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder (220) is used to drive the workpiece self-locking clamping head (210) to switch between the clamping position and the releasing position. as well as A core safety locking assembly is provided on the tooling support base (100), the core safety locking assembly being configured to lock the workpiece self-locking clamping head (210) when it is in the clamping position, so as to keep the workpiece self-locking clamping head (210) in the clamping position even if the workpiece clamping hydrodynamic cylinder (220) fails.

2. The automotive parts welding fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core security locking assembly includes: A one-way limiting transmission screw (320) is provided, wherein the axis of the one-way limiting transmission screw (320) is arranged longitudinally and is rotatably connected to the tooling bearing base (100); A pressure head linkage ball screw nut (310) is fixedly connected to the workpiece self-locking pressure head (210) and coaxially sleeved on the one-way limiting transmission screw (320), forming a threaded engagement with the one-way limiting transmission screw (320); and A bidirectional unidirectional limiting ratchet and pawl mechanism is provided on the tooling support base (100) and / or the unidirectional limiting transmission screw (320). The bidirectional unidirectional limiting ratchet and pawl mechanism is configured such that, during the clamping process, the unidirectional limiting transmission screw (320) is allowed to rotate only in a first direction.

3. The automotive parts welding fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bidirectional unidirectional limiting ratchet and pawl mechanism includes: A one-way anti-rotation ratchet (331) is clamped, and the one-way anti-rotation ratchet (331) is coaxially sleeved on the one-way limiting transmission screw (320) and fixedly connected to the one-way limiting transmission screw (320). A clamping and stopping pawl (332) is provided on the first side of the one-way limiting transmission screw (320) and is movably connected to the tooling support base (100). It has an anti-rotation engagement position that engages with the clamping one-way anti-rotation ratchet (331) and an unlocking separation position that separates from the clamping one-way anti-rotation ratchet (331). A pawl-driven fluid drive unit is mounted on the tooling support base (100) and is connected to the clamping stop engagement pawl (332) in a transmission manner. It is configured to drive the clamping stop engagement pawl (332) to the anti-rotation engagement position during the clamping process and to drive the clamping stop engagement pawl (332) to the unlocking separation position during the unlocking process.

4. The automotive parts welding fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pawl-linked fluid drive unit includes: A pawl-driven fluid cylinder (333) has a hollow pawl-driven sealed pressure chamber and is fixedly installed on the tooling support base (100). A bidirectional ratchet linkage piston (334) is disposed within the ratchet drive sealing pressure chamber and is axially slidably connected to the ratchet drive fluid cylinder (333). Its outer wall is abutted and sealed against the inner wall of the ratchet drive sealing pressure chamber, thereby dividing the ratchet drive sealing pressure chamber into a pressing control high-pressure chamber and a releasing control high-pressure chamber; and A pawl elastic telescopic push rod (335) is provided on the first side of the bidirectional pawl linkage piston (334). Its first end is connected to the bidirectional pawl linkage piston (334), and its second end passes through the pawl drive fluid cylinder (333) and is connected to the pawl locking engagement pawl (332). The pawl-driven fluid cylinder (333) has a clamping pawl control inlet connected to the clamping control high-pressure chamber and a releasing pawl control inlet connected to the releasing control high-pressure chamber. The clamping pawl control inlet is connected to the fluid supply system through the clamping control pressure supply line (510), and the releasing pawl control inlet is connected to the fluid supply system through the releasing control pressure supply line (520). The bidirectional pawl linkage piston (334) has a tooling clamping control position and a tooling releasing control position. When it is in the tooling clamping control position, the clamping stop engagement pawl (332) is placed in the anti-rotation engagement position by the clamping pawl elastic telescopic push rod (335). When it is in the tooling releasing control position, the clamping stop engagement pawl (332) is placed in the unlocking separation position by the clamping pawl elastic telescopic push rod (335).

5. The automotive parts welding fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bidirectional unidirectional limiting ratchet and pawl mechanism is further configured to allow the unidirectional limiting transmission screw (320) to rotate only in a second direction opposite to the first direction during the release process; The bidirectional unidirectional limiting ratchet and pawl mechanism further includes: The release one-way anti-rotation ratchet (336) is coaxially sleeved on the one-way limiting transmission screw (320) and fixedly connected to the one-way limiting transmission screw (320), and the ratchet teeth of the release one-way anti-rotation ratchet (336) are inclined in opposite directions to those of the clamping one-way anti-rotation ratchet (331); and Release working condition stop ratchet (337), the release working condition stop ratchet (337) is set on the second side of the one-way limit transmission screw (320) opposite to the first side, and is movably connected to the tooling bearing base (100), and has an anti-misclamping engagement position that engages with the release one-way anti-rotation ratchet (336) and an idle separation position that separates from the release one-way anti-rotation ratchet (336); The pawl linkage fluid drive unit also includes a release pawl elastic telescopic push rod (338), which is disposed on the second side of the bidirectional pawl linkage piston (334). Its first end is connected to the bidirectional pawl linkage piston (334), and its second end passes through the pawl drive fluid cylinder (333) and is connected to the release working condition stop pawl (337). When the bidirectional pawl linkage piston (334) is in the tooling clamping control position, the clamping stop engagement pawl (332) is placed in the anti-rotation engagement position by the clamping pawl elastic telescopic push rod (335), and the release condition stop pawl (337) is placed in the idle separation position by the release pawl elastic telescopic push rod (338). When the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston (334) is in the tooling release control position, the clamping stop engagement ratchet (332) is placed in the unlocking separation position by the clamping ratchet elastic telescopic push rod (335), and the release condition stop ratchet (337) is placed in the anti-misclamping engagement position by the release ratchet elastic telescopic push rod (338).

6. The automotive parts welding fixture according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The pawl-driven fluid cylinder (333) is also provided with a clamping flow path connection interface that is connected to the clamping control high pressure chamber and a releasing flow path connection interface that is connected to the releasing control high pressure chamber. The clamping flow path connection interface is connected to the rodless cavity of the workpiece clamping fluid power cylinder (220) through the workpiece clamping drive pipeline (530). The workpiece clamping drive pipeline (530) is connected to the clamping control pressure supply pipeline (510) through the first return pressure relief guide branch (550). The first return pressure relief guide branch (550) is provided with a clamping return check valve (570) that only allows fluid to flow from the workpiece clamping drive pipeline (530) to the clamping control pressure supply pipeline (510). The release flow path connection interface is connected to the rod chamber of the workpiece clamping fluid power cylinder (220) through the workpiece release drive pipeline (540). The workpiece release drive pipeline (540) is connected to the release control pressure supply pipeline (520) through the return pressure relief guide branch pipe (560). The return pressure relief guide branch pipe (560) is provided with a release return check valve (580) that only allows fluid to flow from the workpiece release drive pipeline (540) to the release control pressure supply pipeline (520). The core safety locking assembly also includes a first control unit corresponding to the clamping flow path connection interface and a second control unit corresponding to the releasing flow path connection interface; The first control unit is configured to open the clamping flow path connection interface after driving the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston (334) to the tooling clamping control position; The second control unit is configured to open the release flow path connection interface after driving the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston (334) to the tooling release control position.

7. The automotive parts welding fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first control unit includes a pressing flow path timing control plate (340), the pressing flow path timing control plate (340) is provided with a pressing flow path through hole (441) that cooperates with the pressing flow path communication interface, the pressing flow path timing control plate (340) is disposed in the side wall of the pawl drive fluid cylinder (333) and is slidably connected to the pawl drive fluid cylinder (333), and is fixedly connected to the pressing pawl elastic telescopic push rod (335); The second control unit includes a release flow path timing control plate (450), which has a release flow path through hole (451) that cooperates with the release flow path communication interface. The release flow path timing control plate (450) is disposed inside the side wall of the pawl drive fluid cylinder (333) and is slidably connected to the pawl drive fluid cylinder (333), and is fixedly connected to the release pawl elastic telescopic push rod (338).

8. The automotive parts welding fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that, The core safety locking assembly also includes a self-holding component for the clamping station and a self-holding component for the releasing station; The workpiece clamping drive pipeline (530) is connected to the clamping flow path communication interface through the clamping station pressure self-sustaining component; The workpiece release drive pipeline (540) is connected to the release flow path communication interface through the release station pressure self-sustaining component; The self-sustaining pressure assembly at the clamping station is configured to maintain the fluid pressure in the clamping control high-pressure chamber within a target range when the clamping flow path connection interface is open, so that the fluid in the clamping control high-pressure chamber can hold the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston (334) in the tooling clamping control position. The release station pressure self-sustaining component is configured to maintain the fluid pressure in the release control high pressure chamber within a target range when the release flow path connection interface is opened, so that the fluid in the release control high pressure chamber can hold the bidirectional ratchet linkage piston (334) in the tooling release control position.

9. The automotive parts welding fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that, The self-holding pressure assembly at the clamping station and the self-holding pressure assembly at the releasing station have the same structure, both including: The pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve (461) has a hollow structure. The first end of the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve (461) is provided with a stabilizing medium input port, and the second end is provided with a stabilizing medium output port. The pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve (461) is connected in series between the workpiece clamping drive pipeline (530) and the clamping flow path connection interface or between the workpiece releasing drive pipeline (540) and the releasing flow path connection interface. A pressure threshold baffle (462) is disposed inside the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve (461) and is axially slidably connected to the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve (461). A pressure stabilizing medium flow channel is provided on the baffle, which is offset from the pressure stabilizing medium input port so that when the pressure threshold baffle (462) is in contact with the end wall of the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve (461), fluid cannot pass through the pressure stabilizing medium flow channel; and A pressure threshold reset spring (463) is disposed inside the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve (461). Its two ends are connected to the pressure threshold throttling baffle (462) and the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve (461) respectively. In its natural state, the pressure threshold reset spring (463) applies a spring force to the pressure threshold throttling baffle (462) so that it fits against the end side wall of the pressure buffer stabilizing sleeve (461).

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