A milling and drilling integrated device for aluminum profile machining

Abstract

The application discloses a milling and drilling integrated device for aluminum profile machining and relates to the technical field of milling and drilling integrated machines.The device comprises a rack, a Z-axis driving assembly arranged on the top of the rack, a main shaft driving motor arranged on the output end of the Z-axis driving assembly, a main shaft box arranged on the moving end of the Z-axis driving assembly, a tool changing assembly arranged on the surface of the rack, and a chip removing assembly arranged on one side of the main shaft box and comprising a cover fixed to the surface of the main shaft box.In the tool changing process, the device forms an auxiliary support, effectively prevents the tool from falling off or dropping during the tool changing process, improves the operation safety of the device, and, on the other hand, completes the cleaning of the tool bit surface scraps while the old tool is removed, avoids the influence of the residual scraps on the subsequent machining, and can automatically match the blowing mode and airflow parameters according to the tool type, solves the chip removing problems of different machining conditions, and ensures the continuous stability of the blowing condition by arranging the air pressure type locking mechanism in the blowing circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of milling and drilling integrated machine technology, and in particular to an integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing. Background Technology

[0002] The integrated milling and drilling device is the core processing equipment in the composite processing of aluminum profiles. It can be equipped with different functional cutters to complete multiple processing steps such as milling and drilling. Traditional processing equipment can meet the basic usage requirements of conventional milling and drilling operations of aluminum profiles. However, the development trend of large-scale automated processing of aluminum profiles has put forward higher standards for the automation level of tool changing, tool protection, chip removal and cooling under different working conditions, and the stability of air circuit operation.

[0003] There are significant differences between the milling and drilling conditions of aluminum profiles. Traditional equipment usually has a fixed air blowing structure, and the air blowing state is controlled by changing the amount of gas blowing force. It is difficult to automatically switch the airflow mode and flow rate according to different drilling and milling conditions. This can easily lead to chip accumulation in the hole and incomplete chip removal in the milling area. It also cannot take into account tool cooling and energy-saving operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents; however, such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above and / or existing integrated milling and drilling devices for aluminum profile processing, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the problem that this invention aims to solve is the difficulty in automatically switching airflow modes and flow rates according to different drilling and milling conditions.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a milling and drilling integrated device for aluminum profile processing, comprising: a frame with a Z-axis drive assembly on its top; a spindle drive motor located at the moving end of the Z-axis drive assembly; a spindle box located at the output end of the spindle drive motor; a tool changing assembly located on the surface of the frame; and a chip removal assembly located on one side of the spindle box. The device includes: a cover fixed to the surface of the spindle box; an air supply component located in the inner cavity of the cover; an air blowing switch component located on the surface of the air supply component; a locking component located on the surface of the air supply component; an airbag compression component fixed to the outer wall of the cover; a switching trigger component located at the top of one side of the cover; and a drive component located on one side of the switching trigger component. The tool changing assembly is used to place and change two tools of different diameters, and the chip removal assembly automatically switches the air blowing state according to the different tool diameters.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing described in this invention, the main structure further includes: a Y-axis drive assembly disposed on the top of the frame, an X-axis drive assembly disposed at the moving end of the Y-axis drive assembly, and a positioning platform disposed at the moving end of the X-axis drive assembly.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing described in this invention, the tool changing assembly includes: a tool changing slide fixed to the surface of the frame, a tool changing cylinder fixed to one side of the tool changing slide, a tool changing motor fixed to the output end of the tool changing cylinder, and a tool changing component disposed at the output end of the tool changing motor.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing described in this invention, the tool changing component includes: a tool holder, disposed at the output end of the tool changing motor; a tool base, fixed to the outer ring of the tool holder; a tool head, snapped into the inner cavity of the tool base; and a chip removal and anti-detachment component, disposed at the bottom of the tool base, including: a small airbag, fixed to the bottom of the tool base; an expansion retaining ring, connected to one side of the small airbag, the outer ring of which is made of hard material and the inner ring of which is made of expandable and telescopic material; a U-shaped tube, disposed at the bottom of the expansion retaining ring and connected to the surface of the small airbag; an air jet head, connected to the bottom of the U-shaped tube; and a push plate, fixed to one side of the top of the tool base.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing described in this invention, the air supply component includes: an air inlet pipe, one end of which is connected to the air outlet of an external air pump, and the other end which extends into the inner cavity of the housing; a flow regulating valve, which is fixedly installed on the surface of the air inlet pipe; a torsion spring, which is sleeved on the valve stem surface of the flow regulating valve; a baffle, which is fixed to the air outlet of the air inlet pipe; and a sealing ring, which is fixed to the outer ring of the baffle.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing described in this invention, the air blowing switching component includes: a fixed plate fixed to the top of the air inlet pipe, a rotating rod rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the fixed plate, a gear fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the rotating rod, a rotating plate fixed to the outer end of the rotating rod, a fine-stream nozzle penetrating and embedded in one end of the rotating plate, and a wide-angle nozzle penetrating and embedded in the other end of the rotating plate.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing described in this invention, the locking component includes: a fixed shell, fixed to the inner wall of the cover; a connecting pipe, one end of which is connected to the surface of the air inlet pipe and the other end of which is connected to the inner cavity of the fixed shell; a piston rod, slidably connected to the inner cavity of the fixed shell; an arc plate, fixed to the bottom of the piston rod; and a second spring, sleeved on the surface of the piston rod, one end of which is fixed to the inner cavity of the fixed shell and the other end of which is fixed to the surface of the piston rod.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing described in this invention, the airbag extrusion component includes: a bent tube fixed to the outer wall of the cover, a slide rod slidably connected to the inner cavity of the bent tube, a pressure plate fixed to the bottom of the slide rod, and a first spring sleeved on the surface of the slide rod and located in the inner cavity of the bent tube, with one end fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the bent tube and the other end fixed to the top of the surface of the slide rod.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing described in this invention, the switching trigger component includes: a trigger rod, slidably connected to one side of the cover, with a trigger plate fixed at one end and a tension spring sleeved at the other end; a lever frame, fixed to the inner wall of the cover, with a lever that can rotate around its axis on its surface; a first electrode plate, fixed to both ends of the lever; a mounting bracket, disposed on one side of the lever frame and fixed to the inner wall of the cover; and a second electrode plate, fixed to both ends of the mounting bracket.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing described in this invention, the driving component includes: a driving cylinder fixed to the inner wall of the housing, a moving plate fixed to the output end of the driving cylinder, a pressure rod fixed to one side of the moving plate, and a toothed plate fixed to the bottom of the moving plate.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The rotary tool changer is arranged in sections for drilling and milling cutters, and automated tool changing is completed by tool changing cylinder and tool changing motor. The tool changing process is smooth, which greatly reduces the labor intensity of manual tool changing. During the tool changing process, the airbag extrusion component simultaneously extrudes the small airbag at the bottom of the tool holder. On the one hand, the expansion retaining ring expands and hugs the tool head to form auxiliary support, effectively preventing the tool from falling off or dropping during the tool changing process, thus improving the safety of equipment operation. On the other hand, the airflow in the airbag is ejected through the jet nozzle, which cleans the residual chips on the surface of the tool head while removing the old tool, avoiding the residue of waste chips from affecting subsequent processing.

[0018] The system can automatically match the blowing mode and airflow parameters according to the tool type, and specifically solve the chip removal problems of different machining conditions: When using a drilling head, the system switches to a fine-flow nozzle and outputs a large-flow airflow to blow the inside of the drill hole in a directional and concentrated manner, which can effectively prevent the accumulation and blockage of chips in the hole, while enhancing the cooling of the drill bit and extending the tool life; when switching to a milling head, it automatically switches to a wide-angle nozzle and reduces the airflow, and the wide-range diffused air jet is adapted to the wide distribution area of ​​milling waste chips, cleaning aluminum chips in the entire machining area, and reasonably reducing the air pump load to achieve energy-saving operation.

[0019] The air blowing circuit is equipped with a pneumatic locking mechanism. Under normal processing and air supply conditions, the air pressure pushes the arc plate to hold the rotating rod, locking the nozzle and regulating valve structure to resist equipment vibration and airflow impact, prevent nozzle displacement and air leakage, and ensure continuous and stable air blowing conditions. The locking structure only unlocks automatically after the air is cut off during tool change. The interlocking design of the action eliminates the problem of accidental switching. The flow regulating valve, together with the torsion spring, achieves precise flow control and stable airflow output, further ensuring chip removal and cooling effects. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing.

[0022] Figure 2 A bottom view of the integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the tool changer for an integrated milling and drilling device used in aluminum profile processing.

[0024] Figure 4 A bottom view of the tool holder of an integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing.

[0025] Figure 5 A partial structural cross-sectional view of the chip removal component of a milling and drilling integrated device for aluminum profile processing.

[0026] Figure 6 The internal structure of the chip removal component of an integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing.

[0027] Figure 7 An exploded view of the switching trigger component of an integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing.

[0028] Figure 8 Another view of the internal structure of the chip removal component of a milling and drilling integrated device for aluminum profile processing.

[0029] Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of the airbag extrusion component for an integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing.

[0030] Figure 10 A partial top view of the integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing.

[0031] Figure 11A cross-sectional view of the locking component of an integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Main structure; 11. Frame; 12. Y-axis drive assembly; 13. X-axis drive assembly; 14. Positioning platform; 15. Z-axis drive assembly; 16. Spindle drive motor; 17. Spindle box; 2. Tool changing assembly; 21. Tool changing slide; 22. Tool changing cylinder; 23. Tool changing motor; 24. Tool changing component; 241. Tool holder; 242. Tool support; 243. Chip removal and anti-detachment component; 2431. Small airbag; 2432. Expansion retaining ring; 2433. Jet nozzle; 2434. U-tube; 244. Tool head; 245. Push plate; 3. Chip removal assembly; 31. Cover; 32. Air blowing switch; 321. Fixing plate; 322. Gear; 323. Rotating rod; 324. Rotating plate; 325. Fine stream nozzle; 3 26. Wide-angle nozzle; 33. Airbag extrusion component; 331. Bend; 332. Slide rod; 333. Pressure plate; 334. First spring; 34. Switching trigger component; 341. Trigger rod; 342. Trigger plate; 343. Tension spring; 344. Lever frame; 345. First electrode plate; 346. Mounting bracket; 347. Second electrode plate; 35. Air supply component; 351. Air inlet pipe; 352. Flow regulating valve; 353. Torsion spring; 354. Baffle; 355. Sealing ring; 36. Locking component; 361. Fixed shell; 362. Connecting pipe; 363. Arc plate; 364. Piston rod; 365. Second spring; 37. Driving component; 371. Driving cylinder; 372. Moving plate; 373. Pressure rod; 374. Toothed plate. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0036] Example 1, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2This is the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides an integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing. The integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing includes a main structure 1, a tool changing assembly 2, and a chip removal assembly 3.

[0037] Specifically, the main structure 1 includes: a frame 11, on which a Z-axis drive assembly 15 is mounted; a spindle drive motor 16 is mounted on the moving end of the Z-axis drive assembly 15; a spindle box 17 is mounted on the output end of the spindle drive motor 16; and a tool changer assembly 2 is mounted on the surface of the frame 11.

[0038] Specifically, the chip removal component 3 is located on one side of the spindle box 17 and includes: a cover 31, which is fixed to the surface of the spindle box 17. It is made of ABS flame-retardant engineering plastic through one-piece injection molding, which is lightweight, insulating and dustproof, and prevents aluminum chips from entering the internal pneumatic and transmission structure. The cover 31 fully covers the air supply component 35, the air blowing switch component 32 and other internal pneumatic and transmission components, and only reserves the nozzle air outlet position. The whole is sealed and dustproof, which effectively prevents aluminum chips and dust generated by aluminum profile cutting from entering the internal precision components, avoids air pipe blockage and valve failure, and extends the service life of pneumatic and transmission components.

[0039] An air supply component 35 is disposed in the inner cavity of the housing 31. An air blowing switching component 32 is disposed on the surface of the air supply component 35. A locking component 36 is disposed on the surface of the air supply component 35. An airbag squeezing component 33 is fixed to the outer wall of the housing 31. A switching trigger component 34 is disposed on the top of one side of the housing 31. A driving component 37 is disposed on one side of the switching trigger component 34. The tool changing assembly 2 is used to place and change two different diameter tools. The chip removal assembly 3 automatically switches the air blowing state according to the different diameters of the tools.

[0040] Furthermore, the air inlet pipe 351 is the main air supply channel, the flow regulating valve 352 can switch between large and small gas flow rates, and the torsion spring 353 normally keeps the valve at the large flow rate setting; the baffle 354, together with the sealing ring 355, is sealed to the nozzle end face, and the air flow rate is automatically switched according to the processing technology. In drilling conditions, the large flow rate is concentrated for blowing air, and in milling conditions, the small flow rate is blown air throughout the entire area. The air source pressure is distributed as needed, which reduces the energy consumption of the air pump while ensuring the chip removal effect.

[0041] Example 2, refer to Figures 2-11 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the previous embodiment.

[0042] Specifically, the main structure 1 also includes: a Y-axis drive assembly 12, located on the top of the frame 11; an X-axis drive assembly 13, located at the moving end of the Y-axis drive assembly 12; and a positioning platform 14, located at the moving end of the X-axis drive assembly 13. The Y-axis drive assembly 12, X-axis drive assembly 13, and Z-axis drive assembly 15 are servo linear drive modules. The base is made of aluminum alloy profile, the lead screw is made of 40Cr tempered alloy steel, and the slide is made of high-strength tin bronze. They are self-lubricating and wear-resistant, and can move back and forth without jamming for a long time. The working principle of this part is all existing technology and is well known to those skilled in the art, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0043] Specifically, the tool changing assembly 2 includes: a tool changing slide 21 fixed to the surface of the frame 11, a tool changing cylinder 22 fixed to one side of the tool changing slide 21, a tool changing motor 23 fixed to the output end of the tool changing cylinder 22, and a tool changing component 24 disposed at the output end of the tool changing motor 23.

[0044] Specifically, the tool changing component 24 includes: a tool holder 241, located at the output end of the tool changing motor 23; a tool base 242, fixed to the outer ring of the tool holder 241; a tool head 244, snapped into the inner cavity of the tool base 242; and a chip removal and anti-detachment component 243, located at the bottom of the tool base 242, including: a small airbag 2431, fixed to the bottom of the tool base 242; an expansion retaining ring 2432, connected to one side of the small airbag 2431, with its outer ring made of hard material and its inner ring made of expandable and retractable material; a U-shaped tube 2434, located at the bottom of the expansion retaining ring 2432 and connected to the surface of the small airbag 2431; an air jet head 2433, connected to the bottom of the U-shaped tube 2434; and a push plate 245, fixed to one side of the top of the tool base 242.

[0045] Specifically, the small airbag 2431 is made of oil- and dust-resistant nitrile rubber, which has stable elasticity and does not leak air even after repeated compression and expansion. The outer ring of the expansion retaining ring 2432 is made of 45# hard carbon steel, and the inner ring is made of high-elasticity rubber, which balances structural strength and expansion and clamping ability. The U-shaped tube 2434 and the jet head 2433 are both made of 304 stainless steel thin tubes with smooth inner walls, preventing aluminum chips from clogging and resisting airflow erosion and corrosion.

[0046] The tool changer 24 has a clearly defined tool magazine partition, with two types of tools stored separately without interfering with each other. The push plate 245 moves synchronously with the tool holder 242 and synchronously touches the switching trigger 34 to realize automatic identification of tool type and provide a trigger signal for air blowing mode switching.

[0047] Furthermore, the small airbag 2431 is a pneumatic transfer chamber. After being pressurized, the gas is output in two ways: one way goes to the expansion retaining ring 2432 to achieve a tight grip, and the other way goes through the U-shaped tube 2434 to spray gas from the jet head 2433 to remove chips. The expansion retaining ring 2432 adopts a composite structure of "hard outer ring + soft inner ring". When changing or removing the tool, the expansion retaining ring 2432 expands and grips the tool head 244 to form an auxiliary anti-dislodgement structure, which prevents the tool from falling from a height and improves the safety of tool changing. The jet head 2433 sprays air in a direction to remove aluminum chips adhering to the surface of the tool head 244 in real time, preventing chips from being carried into the spindle and causing jamming and wear.

[0048] Specifically, the air supply component 35 includes: an air inlet pipe 351, one end of which is connected to the air outlet of an external air pump, and the other end which extends into the inner cavity of the housing 31; a flow regulating valve 352, which is fixedly installed on the surface of the air inlet pipe 351; a torsion spring 353, which is sleeved on the valve stem surface of the flow regulating valve 352; a baffle 354, which is fixed to the air outlet of the air inlet pipe 351; and a sealing ring 355, which is fixed to the outer ring of the baffle 354.

[0049] Specifically, the air blowing switching component 32 includes: a fixed plate 321, fixed to the top of the air inlet pipe 351; a rotating rod 323, rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the fixed plate 321; a gear 322, fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the rotating rod 323; a rotating plate 324, fixed to the outer end of the rotating rod 323; a fine stream nozzle 325, penetrating and embedded in one end of the rotating plate 324; and a wide-angle nozzle 326, penetrating and embedded in the other end of the rotating plate 324.

[0050] Specifically, the locking component 36 includes: a fixed housing 361, fixed to the inner wall of the cover 31; a connecting pipe 362, one end of which is connected to the surface of the air intake pipe 351 and the other end of which is connected to the inner cavity of the fixed housing 361; a piston rod 364, which is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the fixed housing 361; an arc plate 363, which is fixed to the bottom of the piston rod 364; and a second spring 365, which is sleeved on the surface of the piston rod 364, one end of which is fixed to the inner cavity of the fixed housing 361 and the other end of which is fixed to the surface of the piston rod 364.

[0051] Furthermore, the locking component 36 uses the air pressure diverted by the air inlet pipe 351 to drive the piston rod 364 downward, causing the arc plate 363 to grip the rotating rod 323; after the air supply is cut off, the second spring 365 automatically resets and unlocks. Pure air pressure linkage requires no additional control. During the processing air supply, the rotating rod 323 is automatically locked to resist the impact of high-speed airflow and equipment vibration, preventing nozzle rotation misalignment and seal failure. When the machine stops and the air supply is cut off, it automatically unlocks without affecting the nozzle switching action when changing tools. The linkage logic is reliable.

[0052] Specifically, the airbag compression component 33 includes: a bent tube 331 fixed to the outer wall of the cover 31, a slide rod 332 slidably connected to the inner cavity of the bent tube 331, a pressure plate 333 fixed to the bottom of the slide rod 332, and a first spring 334 sleeved on the surface of the slide rod 332 and located in the inner cavity of the bent tube 331, with one end fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the bent tube 331 and the other end fixed to the top of the surface of the slide rod 332.

[0053] Specifically, the switching trigger 34 includes: a trigger rod 341, which is slidably connected to one side of the cover 31, with a trigger plate 342 fixed at one end and a tension spring 343 sleeved at the other end; a lever frame 344, which is fixed to the inner wall of the cover 31 and has a lever that can rotate around its axis on its surface; a first electrode plate 345, which is fixed to both ends of the lever; a mounting bracket 346, which is located on one side of the lever frame 344 and fixed to the inner wall of the cover 31; and a second electrode plate 347, which is fixed to both ends of the mounting bracket 346.

[0054] Furthermore, the two sets of triggering mechanisms correspond to two types of cutting tools. After the push plate 245 touches the trigger plate 342, the two sets of electrode plates are brought into contact and attracted through lever transmission, and different electrical signals are output to distinguish the type of cutting tool. The tension spring 343 realizes the automatic reset of the triggering structure, realizing the fully automatic identification of the type of cutting head 244 without manual intervention. The signal feedback is timely and accurate, providing action commands to the drive cylinder 371 and completing the adaptive switching of the air blowing mode.

[0055] Specifically, the driving component 37 includes: a driving cylinder 371 fixed to the inner wall of the cover 31, a moving plate 372 fixed to the output end of the driving cylinder 371, a pressure rod 373 fixed to one side of the moving plate 372, and a toothed plate 374 fixed to the bottom of the moving plate 372.

[0056] Example 3, referring to Figures 2-11 This is the third embodiment of the present invention, which is based on the first two embodiments.

[0057] Specifically, the tool changer motor 23 is slidably connected to the surface of the tool changer slide 21, one end of the torsion spring 353 is fixed to the surface of the flow regulating valve 352, and the other end of the torsion spring 353 is fixed to the surface of the valve stem.

[0058] Specifically, the valve stem of the flow regulating valve 352 is located directly below the pressure rod 373, a rubber pad is fixed on the inner side of the arc plate 363, one end of the piston rod 364 is a sealing piston, which is slidably and sealingly connected to the inner cavity of the fixed housing 361, and the other end of the piston rod 364 is a push rod, which is slidably and sealingly connected to the bottom of the fixed housing 361.

[0059] Specifically, one end of the tension spring 343 is fixed to the inner wall of the cover 31, and the other end is fixed to the end of the trigger rod 341. The positions of the first electrode plate 345 and the second electrode plate 347 are corresponding.

[0060] Specifically, the toothed plate 374 and the gear 322 are meshed together, and the air outlet end of the U-shaped tube 2434 faces the surface of the cutter head 244.

[0061] Specifically, the tool holders 242 are arranged in two groups. One group holds the drilling heads 244, which are evenly distributed on the outer half of the tool holder 241. The other group holds the milling heads 244, which are evenly distributed on the outer half of the tool holder 241. The positions of the push plates 245 on the two groups of tool holders 242 are symmetrical about the tool holders 242.

[0062] Furthermore, a removable anti-clogging mesh cover is added to the outside of the fine-flow nozzle 325 and the wide-angle nozzle 326. At the same time, the inner wall of the nozzle is treated with a non-stick coating, which can be quickly disassembled and cleaned regularly, and the air outlet remains unobstructed for long-term use.

[0063] Furthermore, a digital display pressure gauge and pressure sensor are installed on the main intake pipe 351. When the air pressure is lower than the threshold, an alarm is automatically triggered and the machine is shut down to prevent continuous processing in case of equipment failure.

[0064] During use, the main structure 1: frame 11 is fixed in place, the Y-axis drive assembly 12, X-axis drive assembly 13, and positioning platform 14 are in the reference position; the Z-axis drive assembly 15 is in the upper position, the spindle drive motor 16 and spindle box 17 are stationary, and the spindle end is pre-installed with a tool head 244 corresponding to the machining type.

[0065] Tool changing assembly 2: Tool changing cylinder 22 is in the retracted state, tool changing motor 23 is in the initial position; tool holder 241 of tool changing component 24 remains stationary, two sets of tool holders 242 are pre-installed with drilling head 244 and milling head 244 respectively, the small airbag 2431 of chip removal and anti-detachment component 243 is at normal pressure, expansion retaining ring 2432 is in the contracted state, and there is no airflow inside U-shaped tube 2434 and jet head 2433.

[0066] Chip removal assembly 3: The cover 31 remains stationary with the spindle box 17. Air supply component 35: The air inlet pipe 351 is not connected to an external air pump source. The flow regulating valve 352 is in the high flow range under the action of the torsion spring 353. The baffle 354 and the sealing ring 355 remain in their original positions.

[0067] Air blowing switching component 32: The fixed plate 321 and the rotating rod 323 are stationary, the gear 322 is non-meshing transmission, the rotating plate 324 maintains a fixed angle, and the fine stream nozzle 325 or the wide angle nozzle 326 is aligned with the air outlet end of the air inlet pipe 351 according to the type of the pre-installed cutter head 244.

[0068] Locking component 36: There is no air pressure inside the fixed shell 361, the second spring 365 extends naturally, the piston rod 364 and the arc plate 363 retract, the rubber pad on the inner side of the arc plate 363 disengages from the rotating rod 323, and the rotating rod 323 is in a state of free rotation.

[0069] Airbag compression component 33: The bend 331 is in a high position along with the cover 31, and the slide rod 332 and the pressure plate 333 are kept in the upper position under the action of the first spring 334, without contacting any small airbag 2431.

[0070] Switching trigger 34: When the trigger rod 341 and trigger plate 342 are not touched by external force, the tension spring 343 extends naturally; the first electrode plate 345 on the lever frame 344 and the second electrode plate 347 on the mounting frame 346 are magnetically attracted to each other.

[0071] Drive component 37: Drive cylinder 371 is in the initial state, moving plate 372, pressure rod 373, and toothed plate 374 are in the upper position, and toothed plate 374 is normally engaged with gear 322 but there is no transmission action.

[0072] Workpiece positioning and clamping: The aluminum profile workpiece is placed on the top of the positioning platform 14. The positioning platform 14 is equipped with a clamping cylinder that actuates, and the clamping plate clamps the aluminum profile workpiece, thus fixing the workpiece. Three-axis displacement adjustment: The X-axis drive assembly 13 drives the positioning platform 14 to achieve X-axis displacement, the Y-axis drive assembly 12 drives the X-axis drive assembly 13 to achieve Y-axis displacement, and the Z-axis drive assembly 15 drives the spindle drive motor 16 and the spindle box 17 to achieve Z-axis displacement, aligning the tool head 244 with the workpiece processing position.

[0073] Spindle start-up: The spindle drive motor 16 is powered on and drives the spindle inside the spindle box 17 to rotate, which in turn drives the end cutter head 244 to rotate at high speed, and starts milling or drilling operations.

[0074] Air supply start-up and rotating rod 323 locking: When the external air pump is started, gas is introduced into the air inlet pipe 351 of the air supply component 35. Part of the gas enters the inner cavity of the fixing shell 361 of the locking component 36 through the connecting pipe 362. The air pressure pushes the piston rod 364 down, compressing the second spring 365. The piston rod 364 drives the arc plate 363 to move synchronously. The rubber pad on the inner side of the arc plate 363 is in close contact with the surface of the rotating rod 323, locking the rotating rod 323 and preventing the rotating rod 323 from rotating due to airflow impact, and preventing the nozzle from being misaligned and leaking air.

[0075] Machining with drill bit 244: Drive cylinder 371 remains in the retracted state, moving plate 372, pressure rod 373, and toothed plate 374 remain in the upper position, pressure rod 373 does not touch the valve stem of flow regulating valve 352, torsion spring 353 remains in its original state, flow regulating valve 352 maintains high flow output, at this time fine flow nozzle 325 is aligned with the air outlet of air inlet pipe 351, the gas forms a concentrated fine airflow through fine flow nozzle 325, accurately blows to the drilling position, timely discharges chips in the hole, and at the same time dissipates heat from the drill bit to prevent chips from clogging the drill hole.

[0076] Using milling head 244 for machining: Drive cylinder 371 extends, driving moving plate 372, pressure rod 373, and toothed plate 374 to move down synchronously. Pressure rod 373 presses down on valve stem of flow regulating valve 352, torsion spring 353, and flow regulating valve 352 switches to low flow output; At the same time, toothed plate 374 drives meshing gear 322 to rotate. Gear 322 drives rotating plate 324 to rotate 180° through rotating rod 323. Wide-angle nozzle 326 switches to air outlet of air inlet pipe 351, and seals with sealing ring 355. Gas forms a wide-range dispersion through wide-angle nozzle 326, which is suitable for milling machining with wide chip distribution and continuously changing machining position, realizing full-area small chip blowing, while reducing the power consumption of air pump.

[0077] When it is necessary to replace the tool head 244, a unified pre-operation is performed: the spindle drive motor 16 stops, the tool head 244 stops rotating, the external air pump stops supplying air, the air inlet pipe 351 is cut off, the air pressure inside the fixed housing 361 gradually dissipates, the second spring 365 elastically resets, pulls the piston rod 364 and the arc plate 363 to retract, the arc plate 363 disengages from the surface of the rotating rod 323, the rotating rod 323 is unlocked and ready to rotate, the Y-axis drive assembly 12 is activated, raising the spindle box 17, the cover 31 and the original tool head 244 to the tool changing high position, ready to perform the tool changing action.

[0078] When replacing the same type of tool head 244 (drilling to drilling, milling to milling): the tool changing cylinder 22 extends, pushing the tool changing motor 23 to move along the tool changing slide 21, so that the empty tool holder 242 is aligned with the old tool head 244 at the end of the spindle and locked. The tool head 244 locking mechanism inside the spindle box 17 is unlocked. The cover 31 continues to move upward with the spindle. The pressure plate 333 of the airbag extrusion component 33 gradually contacts the small airbag 2431 at the bottom of the lower tool holder 242 and applies pressure. After the small airbag 2431 is compressed, the internal gas is divided into two paths: one path enters the expansion retaining ring 2432, and the inner ring of the expansion retaining ring 2432 expands and hugs the old tool head 244 to achieve anti-fall auxiliary support. The other path enters the U-shaped tube 2434 and finally sprays out the airflow from the jet nozzle 2433, automatically blowing away the machining chips attached to the surface of the old tool head 244.

[0079] The spindle continues to rise, and the bend 331 moves upward with the cover 31. The pressure plate 333 is fixed in position and cannot continue to rise. The first spring 334 is compressed, and then the tool change motor 23 is operated to rotate. At this time, the original tool head 244 is rotated away from below the spindle, and the tool holder 242 holding the original tool head 244 rotates away. The small airbag 2431 at its bottom is released from the pressure plate 333, the first spring 334 is reset, and the pressure plate 333 is pulled to the position above the tool head 244. This does not affect the rotation of the side tool holder 241 and the tool holder 242. Until the tool head 244 to be replaced rotates to below the spindle, the Y-axis drive assembly 12 is operated to drive the spindle to descend, so that the tool head 244 to be replaced is installed inside the spindle. The equipment is operated to lock the tool head 244 locking mechanism inside the spindle box 17, completing the tool change operation.

[0080] When the empty tool holder 242 moves toward the old tool head 244 at the end of the spindle, the top push plate 245 touches the trigger plate 342 on the corresponding side, pushing the trigger rod 341 to move, stretching the tension spring 343, and the trigger rod 341 pushes the lever on the lever frame 344 to rotate. The first electrode plate 345 on this side contacts the second electrode plate 347, and the electrical signal determines that it is a tool of the same type. The drive cylinder 371 maintains its original state, and the air blowing mode does not switch.

[0081] During the spindle descent, the pressure plate 333 disengages from the pressure area of ​​the small airbag 2431, and the first spring 334 resets; the small airbag 2431 depressurizes, the expansion retaining ring 2432 contracts and releases the cutter head 244, the jet nozzle 2433 stops jetting, the tool changing cylinder 22 retracts, driving the tool changing motor 23 and the tool changing component 24 back to the initial position, and the tool changing action is completed.

[0082] When changing to different types of tool heads 244 (drilling ↔ milling interchange): the steps of removing the old tool, airbag protection and chip removal, tool changing mechanism repositioning and alignment, and spindle tool removal are completely consistent with the tool changing process of the same type.

[0083] When the tool holder 242 moves, the position of the push plate 245 on the tool holder 242 corresponds to the trigger plate 342 on the other side. When it touches the trigger plate 342 on the other side, it pushes the corresponding trigger rod 341 and tension spring 343. The first electrode plate 345 and the second electrode plate 347 on the other side of the lever frame 344 come into contact and attract each other. The electrical signal determines that they are different types of tools and sends an action command to the drive cylinder 371.

[0084] The drive cylinder 371 performs a telescopic action, which drives the moving plate 372, the pressure rod 373, and the toothed plate 374 to move as a whole. On the one hand, the pressure rod 373 moves the valve stem of the flow regulating valve 352, which works with the torsion spring 353 to complete the gas flow switching. On the other hand, the toothed plate 374 drives the gear 322, the rotating rod 323, and the rotating plate 324 to rotate 180°, completing the interchange and docking of the fine flow nozzle 325 and the wide angle nozzle 326.

[0085] The process of assembling a new tool, resetting the airbag, and resetting the tool changing mechanism is consistent with the same tool changing process as other tools of the same type. This process ultimately completes the replacement of tools of different types, and the air blowing mode is adapted to the new tool in a synchronized manner.

[0086] The external air pump is restarted, and gas is reintroduced into the air inlet pipe 351. The airflow re-enters the fixed housing 361, pushing the piston rod 364 and the arc plate 363 to grip the rotating rod 323 again, completing the secondary locking and preventing the rotating rod 323 from shaking and leaking air during processing. The X-axis drive assembly 13, Y-axis drive assembly 12, and Z-axis drive assembly 15 work together to adjust the processing position. The spindle drive motor 16 restarts, and the cutter head 244 rotates at high speed, continuously performing milling or drilling according to the air blowing mode corresponding to the new cutter.

[0087] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A milling and drilling integrated device for processing aluminum profiles, characterized in that: The main structure (1) includes: a frame (11) with a Z-axis drive assembly (15) on its top; a spindle drive motor (16) located at the moving end of the Z-axis drive assembly (15); a spindle box (17) located at the output end of the spindle drive motor (16); a tool changer assembly (2) located on the surface of the frame (11); and a chip removal assembly (3) located on one side of the spindle box (17). The main structure also includes: a cover (31) fixed to the surface of the spindle box (17); and an air supply unit (35) located on the cover (31). The inner cavity of the cover (31) includes an air-blowing switching component (32) located on the surface of the air supply component (35), a locking component (36) located on the surface of the air supply component (35), an airbag squeezing component (33) fixed to the outer wall of the cover (31), a switching trigger component (34) located on the top of one side of the cover (31), and a driving component (37) located on one side of the switching trigger component (34). The tool changing component (2) is used to place and change two different diameter tools, and the chip removal component (3) automatically switches the air-blowing state according to the different diameters of the tools.

2. The integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main structure (1) further includes: a Y-axis drive assembly (12) disposed on the top of the frame (11), an X-axis drive assembly (13) disposed on the moving end of the Y-axis drive assembly (12), and a positioning platform (14) disposed on the moving end of the X-axis drive assembly (13).

3. The integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tool changing assembly (2) includes: a tool changing slide (21) fixed to the surface of the frame (11), a tool changing cylinder (22) fixed to one side of the tool changing slide (21), a tool changing motor (23) fixed to the output end of the tool changing cylinder (22), and a tool changing component (24) disposed at the output end of the tool changing motor (23).

4. The integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The tool changing component (24) includes: a tool holder (241) located at the output end of the tool changing motor (23); a tool holder (242) fixed to the outer ring of the tool holder (241); a tool head (244) snapped into the inner cavity of the tool holder (242); and a chip removal and anti-detachment component (243) located at the bottom of the tool holder (242). The component includes: a small airbag (2431) fixed to the bottom of the tool holder (242); an expansion retaining ring (2432) connected to one side of the small airbag (2431), the outer ring of which is made of hard material and the inner ring of which is made of expandable and retractable material; a U-shaped tube (2434) located at the bottom of the expansion retaining ring (2432) and connected to the surface of the small airbag (2431); a jet nozzle (2433) connected to the bottom of the U-shaped tube (2434); and a push plate (245) fixed to one side of the top of the tool holder (242).

5. The integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply component (35) includes: an air inlet pipe (351), one end of which is connected to the air outlet of an external air pump, and the other end which extends into the inner cavity of the cover (31); a flow regulating valve (352), which is fixedly installed on the surface of the air inlet pipe (351); a torsion spring (353), which is sleeved on the valve stem surface of the flow regulating valve (352); a baffle (354), which is fixed to the air outlet of the air inlet pipe (351); and a sealing ring (355), which is fixed to the outer ring of the baffle (354).

6. The integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The blowing switch (32) includes: a fixed plate (321) fixed to the top of the air inlet pipe (351), a rotating rod (323) rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the fixed plate (321), a gear (322) fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the rotating rod (323), a rotating plate (324) fixed to the outer end of the rotating rod (323), a fine stream nozzle (325) penetrating and embedded in one end of the rotating plate (324), and a wide-angle nozzle (326) penetrating and embedded in the other end of the rotating plate (324).

7. The integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The locking component (36) includes: a fixed shell (361) fixed to the inner wall of the cover (31), a connecting pipe (362) with one end connected to the surface of the air inlet pipe (351) and the other end connected to the inner cavity of the fixed shell (361), a piston rod (364) slidably connected to the inner cavity of the fixed shell (361), an arc plate (363) fixed to the bottom of the piston rod (364), and a second spring (365) sleeved on the surface of the piston rod (364), with one end fixed to the inner cavity of the fixed shell (361) and the other end fixed to the surface of the piston rod (364).

8. The integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The airbag compression component (33) includes: a bent tube (331) fixed to the outer wall of the cover (31), a slide rod (332) slidably connected to the inner cavity of the bent tube (331), a pressure plate (333) fixed to the bottom of the slide rod (332), and a first spring (334) sleeved on the surface of the slide rod (332) and located in the inner cavity of the bent tube (331), with one end fixed to the bottom of the inner cavity of the bent tube (331) and the other end fixed to the top of the surface of the slide rod (332).

9. The integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The switching trigger (34) includes: a trigger rod (341), which is slidably connected to one side of the cover (31), with a trigger plate (342) fixed at one end and a tension spring (343) sleeved at the other end; a lever frame (344), which is fixed to the inner wall of the cover (31) and has a lever that can rotate around its axis on its surface; a first electrode plate (345), which is fixed to both ends of the lever; a mounting bracket (346), which is located on one side of the lever frame (344) and fixed to the inner wall of the cover (31); and a second electrode plate (347), which is fixed to both ends of the mounting bracket (346).

10. The integrated milling and drilling device for aluminum profile processing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The driving component (37) includes: a driving cylinder (371) fixed to the inner wall of the cover (31), a moving plate (372) fixed to the output end of the driving cylinder (371), a pressure rod (373) fixed to one side of the moving plate (372), and a toothed plate (374) fixed to the bottom of the moving plate (372).

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