Machine tool tooling temperature control heat dissipation auxiliary device and regulation and control method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of machine tool tooling temperature control, and discloses a machine tool tooling temperature control and heat dissipation auxiliary device, which comprises a machine tool and further comprises: a chuck clamping assembly arranged on the machine tool and used for clamping a circular workpiece to be processed. The application aims at the problems of workpiece thermal expansion caused by cutting heat, decrease of clamping force of a clamping jaw, inconsistent thermal deformation of three clamping jaws, and drift of positioning datum, realizes full-circle spray cooling through a circumferentially surrounding annular heat dissipation gap, makes cooling medium directly contact and exchange heat with the outer circle of the workpiece and the clamping surface of the clamping jaw, and quickly takes away the processing heat; meanwhile, the cooling medium forms a heat resistance layer between the workpiece and the clamping jaw, blocks the path of heat conduction to the clamping jaw, inhibits the thermal elongation of the clamping jaw, uniformly cools to ensure the temperature consistency of the three clamping jaws, effectively eliminates the problem of radial run-out out-of-tolerance, stabilizes the rotation accuracy and the machining accuracy, and makes up for the deficiency that the existing built-in cooling channel of the clamping jaw cannot inhibit the heat conduction of the workpiece to the clamping jaw.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machine tool tooling temperature control technology, specifically a machine tool tooling temperature control and heat dissipation auxiliary device and control method. Background Technology

[0002] Machine tool fixtures generally refer to the various auxiliary devices and process equipment used when machining workpieces on machine tools. Their main functions are to position and clamp the workpiece, guide the cutting tool, and ensure the correct relative position between the workpiece and the cutting tool, thereby improving machining accuracy, production efficiency, and expanding the process applicability of the machine tool. In a broad sense, machine tool fixtures include clamps, cutting tools, measuring tools, and auxiliary fixtures; in a narrow sense, they often specifically refer to machine tool-specific fixtures.

[0003] Currently, cylindrical workpieces are often machined using chucks for clamping and positioning. The high temperature generated during cutting directly causes the workpiece to expand thermally. Simultaneously, the heat is conducted through the workpiece to the chuck and jaws. The jaws expand and elongate due to heat, resulting in a decrease in clamping force. Inconsistent thermal deformation of a three-jaw chuck causes drift in the workpiece positioning reference and an increase in radial runout, which damages rotational accuracy and affects machining accuracy. Although existing chucks have coolant channels inside the jaws, the workpiece continues to conduct heat to the jaws during machining, making it difficult to effectively suppress heat conduction. Therefore, a machine tool tooling temperature control and heat dissipation auxiliary device and control method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, this invention provides a machine tool tooling temperature control and heat dissipation auxiliary device and control method, which solves the problems in existing cylindrical workpiece chuck clamping and machining, where the high temperature of cutting causes the workpiece to expand thermally, the heat is conducted through the workpiece to the chuck jaws, the jaws thermally elongate, causing the clamping force to decrease, and the inconsistent thermal deformation of the three jaws leads to positioning drift, radial runout, and damage to accuracy.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a machine tool fixture temperature control and heat dissipation auxiliary device, comprising a machine tool, and further comprising: A chuck clamping assembly is disposed on the machine tool and is used to clamp a circular workpiece to be processed; A heat dissipation component is disposed on the chuck clamping component, and the heat dissipation component cooperates with the chuck clamping component to form a circumferential enclosure covering the outer peripheral surface of the clamping end of the circular workpiece. The liquid injection component is disposed on the chuck clamping component and is used to inject liquid into the heat dissipation component and spray it onto the chuck clamping component and the circular workpiece through the heat dissipation component. The chuck clamping assembly includes three jaws; The heat dissipation component includes a guide groove formed on the chuck clamping component. An arc-shaped diversion chamber is slidably arranged inside the guide groove via a slider. Arc-shaped covering plates are movably fitted at both ends of the arc-shaped diversion chamber via sliding plates to form a retractable arc-shaped mating structure. The other end of the arc-shaped covering plate is connected to the clamping claw. The inner wall of the arc-shaped diversion chamber is provided with a first injection hole, and the inner wall of the arc-shaped covering plate is provided with a second injection hole. The heat dissipation components are in three sets, and are respectively arranged between two adjacent grippers, alternating with the three grippers to form a ring-shaped covering structure around the workpiece. When the three grippers converge radially toward the center to clamp the circular workpiece, they simultaneously drive the arc-shaped covering plate to cause the arc-shaped diversion chamber to converge toward the center along the guide groove via the slider, reducing the inner diameter of the annular covering structure. An annular heat dissipation gap is formed between the arc-shaped diversion chamber, the inner wall of the arc-shaped covering plate, and the outer circle of the circular workpiece.

[0006] Preferably, the gripping end of the gripper is provided with a through groove; The liquid outlet direction of both the first and second injection holes is towards the inside of the annular heat dissipation gap, spraying the cooling medium onto the outer circle of the workpiece and the clamping surface of the gripper.

[0007] Preferably, the chuck clamping assembly further includes a transmission disk disposed on the machine tool, and the transmission disk is equipped with a guide rail for radial movement of the gripper. The guide groove is formed on the transmission disc.

[0008] Preferably, the clamping end of the gripper facing the workpiece is conical in the radial section, with the apex of the cone pointing towards the center of rotation of the workpiece; the end of the arc-shaped covering plate is fixedly connected to the conical sidewall of the gripper and moves radially synchronously with the gripper.

[0009] Preferably, the cone apex of the gripper is configured as an arc-shaped clamping surface for fitting and clamping against the outer circular surface of a circular workpiece.

[0010] Preferably, a docking member is fixedly provided at the axial end of the arc-shaped diverter away from the transmission disk, and an elastic sheet is fixedly connected to each side of the docking member, with the free ends of the two elastic sheets respectively fixedly connected to the sidewalls of two adjacent grippers.

[0011] Preferably, the axial cross-section of the elastic sheet has a sawtooth-shaped bending structure; the connecting piece and the elastic sheet are both arranged on the axial end side of the arc-shaped diversion chamber and the arc-shaped covering plate away from the transmission disk.

[0012] Preferably, the injection assembly includes a receiving component, a support ring, a pressure ring, a rotating ring, and a connecting pipe; The receiving component is fixedly installed on the transmission disc via a connecting frame, the support ring is fixedly installed on the receiving component, and the pressure ring is fixedly installed on the support ring. The receiving component, the support ring, and the pressure ring together form an annular groove. The rotating ring is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the receiving component, and cooperates with the annular groove to form a closed liquid storage annular cavity; The connecting pipe is fixed on the side wall of the rotating ring and is used to connect to an external liquid injection device; the inner side of the receiving part is connected to the liquid inlet of the arc-shaped diversion chamber through a connecting hose.

[0013] Preferably, the docking hose is configured to correspond to three sets of heat dissipation components. The docking hose is a flexible tube that can adapt to the radial opening and closing of the arc-shaped diversion chamber.

[0014] This invention also provides a method for regulating the temperature and heat dissipation of machine tool fixtures, comprising the following steps: S1. The three jaws of the drive chuck clamping assembly converge radially toward the center to clamp the circular workpiece to be processed. S2. The grippers synchronously drive the arc-shaped covering plate to move radially. The sliding plate pushes the arc-shaped diversion chamber to converge towards the center along the guide groove via the slider. This causes the three sets of heat dissipation components and the three grippers to alternately enclose and form an annular covering structure that matches the outer diameter of the workpiece. An annular heat dissipation gap is formed between the inner wall of the arc-shaped diversion chamber and the arc-shaped covering plate and the outer circle of the workpiece. S3. Start the liquid injection assembly to introduce cooling medium into each arc-shaped distribution chamber; S4. After being split, the cooling medium enters the internal flow channels of the arc-shaped distribution chamber and the arc-shaped covering plate respectively. It is sprayed into the annular heat dissipation gap through the first injection hole and the second injection hole distributed on the inner wall, and contacts the outer surface of the workpiece and the clamping surface of the gripper. S5. Maintain a continuous supply of liquid to the injection assembly, so that the cooling medium continues to flow within the annular heat dissipation gap.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention addresses the problems of workpiece thermal expansion, decreased clamping force of grippers, and positioning datum drift caused by inconsistent thermal deformation of the three grippers due to cutting heat. It achieves full-circumferential spray cooling through a circumferentially enclosed annular heat dissipation gap, allowing the cooling medium to directly contact and exchange heat with the outer circle of the workpiece and the gripper clamping surface, quickly removing machining heat. At the same time, the cooling medium forms a heat-insulating layer between the workpiece and the grippers, blocking the path of heat conduction to the grippers, inhibiting the thermal elongation of the grippers, and ensuring uniform cooling to ensure consistent temperature of the three grippers. This effectively eliminates radial runout problems, stabilizes rotational and machining accuracy, and overcomes the shortcomings of existing grippers with built-in cooling channels that cannot prevent heat conduction from the workpiece to the grippers.

[0016] This invention utilizes a heat dissipation component that opens and closes radially in sync with the gripper, automatically adapting to cylindrical workpieces of different diameters during clamping without requiring additional structural adjustments, thus having a wide range of applications. Furthermore, the serrated elastic sheet that conforms to the outer periphery of the workpiece not only compensates for the stroke difference during gripper opening and closing, preventing structural jamming and ensuring the stability of the follow-up motion, but also increases the heat exchange contact area through the serrated bending structure, enhancing the efficiency of heat dissipation from the workpiece and improving the overall heat dissipation effect.

[0017] This invention employs a liquid-retaining annular cavity dynamic sealing structure that combines a rotating ring with a receiving component. This allows for continuous and sealed liquid supply from an external fixed pipeline to the rotating clamping component even when the transmission disc drives the workpiece to rotate at high speed. Combined with a self-adaptive flexible docking hose, it accommodates the radial displacement of the arc-shaped distribution chamber, ensuring uninterrupted clamping and rotational movements throughout the process. This guarantees the continuity and stability of the cooling process and meets the requirements of high-speed cutting machining. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance and structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the chuck clamping assembly, liquid injection assembly and heat dissipation assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the chuck clamping assembly, liquid injection assembly, and heat dissipation assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the liquid injection assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the liquid injection assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the chuck clamping component and heat dissipation component of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the heat dissipation component of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the heat dissipation component of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Machine tool; 2. Chuck clamping assembly; 21. Transmission disc; 22. Guide rail; 23. Gripper; 24. Through groove; 3. Injection assembly; 31. Connecting pipe; 32. Rotating ring; 33. Receiving part; 34. Support ring; 35. Pressure ring; 36. Connecting frame; 37. Connecting hose; 4. Heat dissipation assembly; 41. Arc-shaped diversion chamber; 42. First injection hole; 44. Guide groove; 45. Slider; 46. Slide plate; 47. Arc-shaped covering plate; 48. Second injection hole; 411. Connecting part; 412. Elastic sheet. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the present invention provides a machine tool fixture temperature control and heat dissipation auxiliary device, including a machine tool 1, and further comprising: Chuck clamping assembly 2, the chuck clamping assembly 2 is set on the machine tool 1, and is used to clamp a round workpiece to be processed; Heat dissipation component 4 is disposed on chuck clamping component 2. Heat dissipation component 4 cooperates with chuck clamping component 2 to form a circumferential enclosure covering the outer circumferential surface of the clamping end of the circular workpiece. Liquid injection component 3 is disposed on chuck clamping component 2 and is used to inject liquid into heat dissipation component 4 and spray it onto chuck clamping component 2 and circular workpiece through heat dissipation component 4. The chuck clamping assembly 2 includes three jaws 23; The heat dissipation assembly 4 includes a guide groove 44 opened on the chuck clamping assembly 2. An arc-shaped diversion chamber 41 is slidably arranged inside the guide groove 44 via a slider 45. Arc-shaped covering plates 47 are movably fitted at both ends of the arc-shaped diversion chamber 41 via a sliding plate 46, forming a retractable arc-shaped mating structure. The other end of the arc-shaped covering plate 47 is connected to the clamp 23. The inner wall of the arc-shaped diversion chamber 41 is provided with first injection holes 42, and the inner wall of the arc-shaped covering plate 47 is provided with second injection holes 48. There are three sets of heat dissipation components 4, which are respectively arranged between two adjacent grippers 23, and are arranged alternately with the three grippers 23 to form a ring-shaped covering structure around the workpiece. When the three grippers 23 converge radially toward the center to clamp the circular workpiece, they simultaneously drive the arc-shaped covering plate 47 to cause the arc-shaped diversion chamber 41 to converge toward the center along the guide groove 44 via the slider 45, reducing the inner diameter of the annular covering structure. An annular heat dissipation gap is formed between the arc-shaped diversion chamber 41, the inner wall of the arc-shaped covering plate 47, and the outer circle of the circular workpiece. The gripping end of the gripper 23 is provided with a through groove 24; The liquid outlet directions of the first injection hole 42 and the second injection hole 48 are both towards the inside of the annular heat dissipation gap, spraying the cooling medium onto the outer circle of the workpiece and the clamping surface of the jaw 23.

[0022] The three jaws 23 of the drive chuck clamping assembly 2 converge radially towards the center to clamp the circular workpiece to be processed. When the jaws 23 move, they simultaneously drive the arc-shaped covering plate 47 connected to them to move radially. The sliding plate 46 pushes the arc-shaped diversion chamber 41 to converge towards the center along the guide groove 44 via the slider 45. This causes the three sets of heat dissipation components 4 and the three jaws 23 to alternately surround and form an annular covering structure that matches the outer diameter of the workpiece. A uniform annular heat dissipation gap is formed between the inner wall of the arc-shaped diversion chamber 41 and the arc-shaped covering plate 47 and the outer circle of the workpiece, realizing full circumferential coverage of the workpiece clamping end, providing a closed space for centralized cooling, and can also adapt to cylindrical workpieces of different diameters.

[0023] The injection component 3 is activated to introduce cooling medium into each arc-shaped flow chamber 41. After being split, the cooling medium enters the internal flow channels of the arc-shaped flow chamber 41 and the arc-shaped covering plate 47, and is evenly sprayed into the annular heat dissipation gap through the first injection hole 42 and the second injection hole 48 distributed on the inner wall. It directly contacts the outer surface of the workpiece and the clamping surface of the jaw 23 to exchange heat, quickly removes the heat transferred to the workpiece by the cutting process, and reduces the thermal expansion of the workpiece itself. At the same time, the jaw 23 is forcibly cooled to suppress the thermal elongation and deformation of the jaw 23 and avoid the decrease of clamping force.

[0024] The cooling medium flows continuously within the annular heat dissipation gap, forming a cooling medium layer between the workpiece and the jaw 23. This effectively blocks the heat conduction path from the workpiece to the jaw 23, reducing heat transfer to the inside of the chuck and solving the defect that the existing internal cooling of the jaws cannot suppress the heat conduction from the workpiece to the jaws. At the same time, uniform cooling throughout the circumference maintains the temperature of the three jaws 23 to be consistent, eliminating the problem of inconsistent thermal deformation of the three jaws, avoiding the problems of workpiece positioning reference drift and increased radial runout, and stabilizing the workpiece rotation accuracy and machining accuracy.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the chuck clamping assembly 2 also includes a transmission disk 21 disposed on the machine tool 1, and a guide rail 22 for radial movement of the gripper 23 is mounted on the transmission disk 21; Guide groove 44 is formed on transmission disc 21; The clamping end of the gripper 23 facing the workpiece is tapered in the radial section, with the apex of the tapered end pointing to the center of rotation of the workpiece; the end of the arc-shaped covering plate 47 is fixedly connected to the tapered sidewall of the gripper 23 and moves radially synchronously with the gripper 23. The cone tip of the gripper 23 is set as an arc-shaped clamping surface, which is used to fit and clamp the outer circular surface of the circular workpiece.

[0026] The clamping jaws 23 are oriented towards the clamping end of the workpiece to be processed. They have a conical structure in the radial section of the chuck, with the conical end pointing towards the rotation center of the workpiece. The end of the arc-shaped covering plate 47 is fixedly installed on the conical sidewall of the clamping jaws 23 and can move synchronously with the clamping jaws 23 along the radial direction of the chuck. The conical tip of the clamping jaws 23 is machined into an arc-shaped clamping surface, which fits against the outer circular surface of the circular workpiece when clamping it.

[0027] like Figures 8-10 As shown, a docking piece 411 is fixedly provided at the axial end of the arc-shaped diversion chamber 41 away from the transmission disk 21. An elastic sheet 412 is fixedly connected to each side of the docking piece 411. The free ends of the two elastic sheets 412 are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of the two adjacent grippers 23. The axial cross section of the elastic sheet 412 has a sawtooth-shaped bending structure; the connecting piece 411 and the elastic sheet 412 are both arranged on the axial end side of the arc-shaped diversion chamber 41 and the arc-shaped covering plate 47 away from the transmission disk 21.

[0028] When the workpiece is radially clamped by the gripper 23, the heat dissipation component 4 retracts synchronously with the gripper 23, forming a circumferential covering structure at the workpiece clamping end together with the gripper 23. The serrated elastic sheet 412 is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the workpiece, which can not only generate adaptive elastic deformation with the opening and closing of the gripper to compensate for the radial stroke difference, avoid structural jamming, and ensure follow-up stability, but also directly conduct heat from the workpiece surface, increasing the heat exchange contact area by means of the serrated bending structure. After the coolant is sprayed into the annular heat dissipation gap through the first injection hole 42 and the second injection hole 48, it fully contacts the elastic sheet 412, the outer circular surface of the workpiece, and the clamping surface of the gripper 23 for heat exchange, effectively improving the overall heat dissipation and cooling effect.

[0029] like Figures 5-7 As shown, the injection assembly 3 includes a receiving component 33, a support ring 34, a pressure ring 35, a rotating ring 32, and a connecting pipe 31; The receiving component 33 is fixedly installed on the transmission disc 21 through the connecting frame 36, the support ring 34 is fixedly installed on the receiving component 33, and the pressure ring 35 is fixedly installed on the support ring 34. The receiving component 33, the support ring 34 and the pressure ring 35 together form an annular groove. The rotating ring 32 is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the receiving part 33, and cooperates with the annular groove to form a closed liquid storage annular cavity; The connecting pipe 31 is fixed on the side wall of the rotating ring 32 and is used to connect to external liquid injection equipment; the inner side of the receiving part 33 is connected to the liquid inlet of the arc-shaped diversion chamber 41 through the connecting hose 37. The docking hose 37 corresponds to the three sets of heat dissipation components 4. The docking hose 37 is a flexible tube that can adapt to the radial opening and closing of the arc-shaped diversion chamber 41.

[0030] Coolant supplied by an external injection device is continuously fed into the annular storage chamber via the connecting pipe 31. The annular chamber stabilizes the pressure and evens the flow of the coolant, ensuring uniform pressure at the outlet of each branch. Subsequently, the coolant enters each connecting hose 37 through the outlet hole of the receiving part 33, and is transported to the corresponding arc-shaped distribution chamber 41 through flexible pipelines. Finally, it is sprayed out into the annular heat dissipation gap through the first injection hole 42 and the second injection hole 48. This structure enables continuous and sealed supply of coolant to the rotating component through fixed pipelines even when the transmission disc 21 drives the workpiece to rotate at high speed. At the same time, it adapts to the radial displacement of the arc-shaped distribution chamber 41 when the gripper 23 opens and closes, without interfering with the clamping action, ensuring the continuity and stability of the cooling process.

[0031] This invention also provides a method for regulating the temperature and heat dissipation of machine tool fixtures, comprising the following steps: S1. The three jaws 23 of the drive chuck clamping assembly 2 converge radially toward the center to clamp the circular workpiece to be processed. S2 and gripper 23 synchronously drive the arc-shaped covering plate 47 to move radially, and push the arc-shaped diversion chamber 41 through the slide plate 46 to converge towards the center along the guide groove 44 via the slider 45, so that the three sets of heat dissipation components 4 and the three grippers 23 alternately surround to form an annular covering structure that matches the outer diameter of the workpiece, and an annular heat dissipation gap is formed between the inner wall of the arc-shaped diversion chamber 41 and the arc-shaped covering plate 47 and the outer circle of the workpiece. S3. Start the liquid injection component 3 and introduce cooling medium into each arc-shaped diversion chamber 41; S4. After being diverted, the cooling medium enters the internal flow channels of the arc-shaped diversion chamber 41 and the arc-shaped covering plate 47 respectively, and is sprayed into the annular heat dissipation gap through the first injection hole 42 and the second injection hole 48 distributed on the inner wall, and contacts the outer surface of the workpiece and the clamping surface of the gripper 23. S5. Maintain a continuous supply of liquid to the liquid injection component 3, so that the cooling medium continues to flow within the annular heat dissipation gap.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0033] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A machine tool fixture temperature control and heat dissipation auxiliary device, comprising a machine tool (1), characterized in that, Also includes: A chuck clamping assembly (2) is disposed on the machine tool (1) and is used to clamp a circular workpiece to be processed; Heat dissipation component (4), the heat dissipation component (4) is disposed on the chuck clamping component (2), the heat dissipation component (4) cooperates with the chuck clamping component (2) to form a circumferential enclosure covering the outer circumferential surface of the clamping end of the circular workpiece; Liquid injection assembly (3), which is disposed on the chuck clamping assembly (2), is used to inject liquid into the heat dissipation assembly (4) and spray it onto the chuck clamping assembly (2) and the circular workpiece through the heat dissipation assembly (4); The chuck clamping assembly (2) includes three jaws (23). The heat dissipation component (4) includes a guide groove (44) opened on the chuck clamping component (2). An arc-shaped diversion chamber (41) is slidably arranged inside the guide groove (44) via a slider (45). Arc-shaped covering plates (47) are movably fitted at both ends of the arc-shaped diversion chamber (41) via a sliding plate (46) to form a retractable arc-shaped mating structure. The other end of the arc-shaped covering plate (47) is connected to the clamp (23). The inner wall of the arc-shaped diversion chamber (41) is provided with a first injection hole (42), and the inner wall of the arc-shaped covering plate (47) is provided with a second injection hole (48). The heat dissipation component (4) has three sets, which are respectively arranged between two adjacent grippers (23) and alternately arranged with the three grippers (23) to form a ring-shaped covering structure around the workpiece. When the three grippers (23) converge radially toward the center to clamp the circular workpiece, they simultaneously drive the arc-shaped covering plate (47) to cause the arc-shaped diversion chamber (41) to converge toward the center along the guide groove (44) via the slider (45), reducing the inner diameter of the annular covering structure. An annular heat dissipation gap is formed between the inner wall of the arc-shaped diversion chamber (41) and the arc-shaped covering plate (47) and the outer circle of the circular workpiece.

2. The machine tool fixture temperature control and heat dissipation auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gripping end of the gripper (23) is provided with a through groove (24); The liquid outlet directions of the first injection hole (42) and the second injection hole (48) are both towards the inside of the annular heat dissipation gap, spraying the cooling medium onto the outer circle of the workpiece and the clamping surface of the jaws (23).

3. The machine tool fixture temperature control and heat dissipation auxiliary device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chuck clamping assembly (2) also includes a transmission disk (21) disposed on the machine tool (1), and a guide rail (22) for radial movement of the gripper (23) is mounted on the transmission disk (21). The guide groove (44) is formed on the transmission disk (21).

4. The machine tool fixture temperature control and heat dissipation auxiliary device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping end of the jaw (23) facing the workpiece is conical in the radial section, with the apex of the cone pointing to the center of rotation of the workpiece; the end of the arc-shaped covering plate (47) is fixedly connected to the conical sidewall of the jaw (23) and moves radially synchronously with the jaw (23); The cone apex of the gripper (23) is set as an arc clamping surface, which is used to fit and clamp the outer circular surface of the circular workpiece.

5. The machine tool fixture temperature control and heat dissipation auxiliary device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arc-shaped diversion chamber (41) is fixedly provided with a docking part (411) at the axial end away from the transmission disk (21). Each side of the docking part (411) is fixedly connected with an elastic sheet (412). The free ends of the two elastic sheets (412) are respectively fixedly connected to the side walls of the two adjacent grippers (23).

6. The machine tool fixture temperature control and heat dissipation auxiliary device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The axial section of the elastic sheet (412) has a sawtooth-shaped bending structure; the docking part (411) and the elastic sheet (412) are both arranged on the axial end side of the arc-shaped diversion chamber (41) and the arc-shaped covering plate (47) away from the transmission disk (21).

7. The machine tool fixture temperature control and heat dissipation auxiliary device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The injection assembly (3) includes a receiving part (33), a support ring (34), a pressure ring (35), a rotating ring (32), and a connecting pipe (31). The receiving part (33) is fixedly installed on the transmission disk (21) through the connecting frame (36), the support ring (34) is fixedly installed on the receiving part (33), and the pressure ring (35) is fixedly installed on the support ring (34). The receiving part (33), the support ring (34) and the pressure ring (35) together form an annular groove. The rotating ring (32) is rotatably sleeved on the outer periphery of the receiving part (33) and cooperates with the annular groove to form a closed liquid storage annular cavity; The connecting pipe (31) is fixed on the side wall of the rotating ring (32) and is used to connect to the external liquid injection equipment; the inner side of the receiving part (33) is connected to the liquid inlet of the arc-shaped diversion chamber (41) through the connecting hose (37); The docking hose (37) is set in relation to three sets of heat dissipation components (4). The docking hose (37) is a flexible tube that can adapt to the radial opening and closing of the arc-shaped diversion chamber (41).

8. A method for regulating the temperature control and heat dissipation of machine tool fixtures, applied to the machine tool fixture temperature control and heat dissipation auxiliary device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The three jaws (23) of the drive chuck clamping assembly (2) converge radially toward the center to clamp the circular workpiece to be processed; S2, the gripper (23) synchronously drives the arc-shaped covering plate (47) to move radially, and pushes the arc-shaped diversion chamber (41) to converge towards the center along the guide groove (44) via the slide plate (46) and the slider (45); S3. Start the liquid injection assembly (3) and introduce cooling medium into each arc-shaped diversion chamber (41); S4. After being split, the cooling medium enters the internal flow channels of the arc-shaped distribution chamber (41) and the arc-shaped covering plate (47) respectively; S5. Keep the liquid injection component (3) continuously supplying liquid so that the cooling medium continues to flow in the annular heat dissipation gap.

9. The method for regulating the temperature and heat dissipation of machine tool fixtures according to claim 8, characterized in that: Three sets of heat dissipation components (4) and three grippers (23) alternately surround each other to form an annular covering structure that is adapted to the outer diameter of the workpiece, and an annular heat dissipation gap is formed between the inner wall of the arc-shaped diversion chamber (41) and the arc-shaped covering plate (47) and the outer circle of the workpiece.

10. The method for regulating the temperature control and heat dissipation of machine tool fixtures according to claim 8, characterized in that: The liquid is sprayed into the annular heat dissipation gap through the first injection hole (42) and the second injection hole (48) distributed on the inner wall, and comes into contact with the outer surface of the workpiece and the clamping surface of the jaw (23).

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