Polishing and grinding device for insulator manufacturing

Abstract

The application relates to the polishing technology field of insulators, in particular to an insulator processing and manufacturing polishing treatment device. The device comprises a base, an inner diameter clamping device arranged in the base, an insulator borne on the inner diameter clamping device, a polishing device movably connected to the base and used for polishing the inner diameter of the insulator, a clamping support assembly connected to the base through a pneumatic cylinder near both ends of the base, two clamping support assemblies oppositely arranged, and a flexible clamping assembly fixedly connected to the top of the clamping support assembly. The pneumatic cylinder is used for driving the clamping support assembly and the flexible clamping assembly to synchronously move towards or away from the outer wall of the insulator, so that the insulator is clamped or released. The clamping support assembly is used for supporting the bottom of the insulator, and the flexible clamping assembly is used for flexibly contacting the outer wall of the insulator in the clamping state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of insulator polishing technology, and more specifically, to an insulator processing and polishing device. Background Technology

[0002] Insulators are core components in power transmission and transformation systems, providing both electrical insulation and mechanical support. Common materials include porcelain insulators, tempered glass, epoxy resin, and composite silicone rubber. Disc-type suspension insulators and rod-type post insulators are often rotating structures with multi-layered sheds, and have an axial inner hole in the center for adhesive-fitted hardware. Rigid insulating components, represented by porcelain insulators, exhibit high brittleness and hardness after high-temperature firing and curing. Their external shape and inner hole dimensions directly determine the assembly precision and operational reliability of the finished product.

[0003] After insulators undergo molding, firing, or curing processes, their inner walls are prone to residual molding marks, localized unevenness, porosity, and excessive surface roughness. If these are directly used for hardware assembly, they can easily lead to insufficient bonding strength at the assembly interface, excessive coaxiality deviation, and reduced mechanical torsional and tensile strength of the insulator. At the same time, microscopic defects on the inner wall can also easily cause electric field concentration, affecting the stability of electrical insulation. Therefore, after molding and curing, the inner diameter of the insulator needs to be precision machined, ground, and polished to correct dimensional tolerances, reduce surface roughness, eliminate surface micro-defects, and ensure the quality of the assembly and the electrical performance of the product.

[0004] Currently, the common technique for polishing and grinding the inner diameter of ceramic insulators is to insert a hard grinding head into the inner diameter for rotary grinding. This method usually involves fixing the insulator to the machine in some way, then driving the grinding head to rotate and feed along the inner diameter axially, relying on the abrasive layer on the surface of the grinding head to cut and grind the inner wall; or using a method where the grinding head is fixed and the insulator rotates and feeds, the inner diameter surface is processed through the relative movement between the grinding head and the workpiece.

[0005] However, in the implementation of the above-mentioned existing technology, since the object to be ground is the inner diameter of the ceramic part, it is impossible to set a support structure in the inner diameter, otherwise it will cause spatial interference with the grinding head. Therefore, it can only be fixed by external clamping. However, the outer wall of the ceramic insulator has a multi-layer umbrella rib structure with an uneven surface. Traditional clamps are difficult to fit stably, and it is easy to shift and shake during grinding, affecting the accuracy. At the same time, the ceramic after firing has high hardness and high brittleness. Conventional external clamping is easy to cause uneven distribution of clamping force, and stress concentration in the weak points of the umbrella ribs. This can cause scratches and chipping at the edges, or even cracking and scrapping of the insulator.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an insulator processing, manufacturing, polishing, and grinding device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides an insulator processing, manufacturing, polishing, and grinding device. It employs a clamping structure at both ends of a base, consisting of a cylinder-driven clamping support assembly and a flexible clamping assembly working together. The clamping support assembly uses an adaptive swinging V-shaped clamping plate to support the insulator's weight from the bottom. The flexible clamping assembly features axially adjustable, alternately arranged long and short flexible clamping blocks that adapt to the concave and convex contours of the insulator's outer wall ridges, achieving flexible surface contact clamping. This allows the insulator to achieve stable radial positioning and axial load-bearing without requiring internal support. The clamping stress is evenly distributed, avoiding rigid contact damage and ensuring no workpiece displacement or shaking during grinding. Combined with the grinding device, it completes high-precision internal hole polishing, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art. Grinding the inner diameter of ceramic insulators makes it impossible to set up a support structure on the inner diameter, and the multi-layered umbrella-shaped concave and convex structure on the outer wall is difficult to stably fit and clamp. Conventional rigid clamping is prone to stress concentration, which can cause the ceramic parts to chip and crack. In addition, the workpiece is prone to displacement and shaking during grinding, making it difficult to guarantee the processing accuracy and the finished product qualification rate.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the insulator processing and polishing device includes a base, an inner diameter clamping device is provided inside the base, an insulator is supported on the inner diameter clamping device, a polishing device is movably connected to the base, the polishing device is used to polish the inner diameter of the insulator, and a clamping assemblies are connected to both ends of the base via cylinders, the two clamping assemblies are arranged opposite to each other, and a flexible clamping assembly is fixedly connected to the top of the clamping assemblies. The cylinder is used to drive the clamping assembly and the flexible clamping assembly to move synchronously toward or away from the outer wall of the insulator, so as to clamp or release the insulator; the clamping assembly is used to support the bottom of the insulator, and the flexible clamping assembly is used to flexibly contact the outer wall of the insulator in the clamping state.

[0009] In the above technical solution, because the external clamping structure, driven by cylinders at both ends of the base, synchronously operates the clamping support assembly and the flexible clamping assembly, there is no need to set up support and positioning components inside the inner diameter of the insulator. Therefore, it will not cause spatial interference with the grinding device that extends into the inner diameter, and can completely process the entire length of the inner hole. At the same time, because the clamping support assembly supports the overall weight of the insulator from the bottom and bears the main axial load, the load on the outer wall clamping part can be greatly reduced, and the workpiece can be prevented from falling or shifting due to its own weight. Furthermore, because the flexible clamping assembly fits the outer wall of the insulator in a flexible contact manner and forms a cooperative positioning with the bottom support structure, the clamping force can be evenly distributed to the outer wall contact surface, avoiding the stress concentration of traditional rigid clamping on the weak part of the umbrella edge, and reducing the risk of damage such as chipping and cracking of the porcelain part.

[0010] Based on this, the clamping assembly includes a support, which is connected to the base via a cylinder. The supports of the two clamping assemblies are arranged opposite to each other. The support has a groove on the side facing the insulator. A protrusion is rotatably connected to the groove via a rotating shaft. A clamping plate is fixedly connected to the end of the protrusion.

[0011] The clamp plate is triangular in shape, with one corner of the clamp plate fixedly connected to a protrusion. The side of the clamp plate opposite to the corner is set as an inclined surface. The inclined surfaces of the two clamp plates are arranged opposite each other to form a V-shaped support structure for supporting the insulator from the bottom.

[0012] Preferably, the clamping plate is made of a rigid material, and a flexible buffer layer is provided on the inclined surface of the clamping plate. The flexible buffer layer is used to make elastic contact with the bottom of the insulator when supporting the insulator.

[0013] In another technical solution, the flexible clamp assembly includes a slide rod, which is fixedly connected to the top of the support. Multiple adjusting components are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod, and each adjusting component has a short clamping block or a long clamping block fixedly connected to its outer wall.

[0014] Furthermore, multiple short clamping blocks and multiple long clamping blocks are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the slide bar; the position of the short clamping blocks corresponds to the convex surface of the umbrella ridge of the outer wall of the insulator and is used to clamp the convex outer wall of the insulator; the position of the long clamping blocks corresponds to the concave surface between the umbrellas of the outer wall of the insulator and is used to clamp the concave outer wall of the insulator.

[0015] Preferably, both the short and long clamping blocks are made of flexible foam material, which allows for elastic deformation during clamping to conform to the umbrella-shaped curved surface of the insulator's outer wall, achieving non-destructive flexible clamping.

[0016] In this technical solution, the adjusting component includes a slider, which is fixedly connected to the inside of a corresponding short clamping block or long clamping block. The slider is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod. An arc rod is fixedly connected to the top of the slider. The arc rod is arc-shaped in general. Support blocks are fixedly connected to both ends of the arc of the arc rod. A support rod passes through the two support blocks.

[0017] The support block is fixedly connected to the corresponding end of the arc rod, and the rod body of the support rod is slidably engaged with the top of the slider. A locking nut is provided on the support rod. By turning the locking nut, the two support blocks are driven to move closer to each other, causing the arc rod to hug and fit tightly against the outer wall of the slider, thereby locking the axial position of the slider.

[0018] In addition, the support block is made of an elastic material, which is used to deform and hold the outer wall of the slide rod when the locking nut is tightened.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By setting a clamping support assembly and a flexible clamping assembly driven by cylinders at both ends of the base, and making the clamping support assembly and the flexible clamping assembly move towards or away from the outer wall of the insulator in sync with the extension and retraction of the cylinders, the clamping and release of the insulator is achieved. The clamping support assembly supports the weight of the insulator from the bottom and provides V-shaped centering positioning, while the flexible clamping assembly flexibly contacts the outer wall of the insulator from the side wall and provides auxiliary clamping. The two work together to form an external clamping structure, which avoids spatial interference between the support components and the grinding device inside the inner diameter, allowing the grinding device to extend into the inner diameter without obstruction for processing operations within the entire length range. It also ensures that the insulator maintains stable radial positioning and axial load-bearing during the grinding process without shifting or shaking. At the same time, the clamping stress is evenly distributed to the outer wall contact surface through the elastic deformation of the flexible clamping assembly, avoiding stress concentration caused by traditional rigid clamping, which leads to chipping and cracking of weak parts of the umbrella rib. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the inner diameter of the overall structure of the present invention after grinding. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible clip assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the moving structure of the inner diameter clamping device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the short clamping block structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting component structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support block clamping structure of the present invention.

[0021] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1. Grinding device; 11. Inner diameter clamping device; 12. Base; 13. Clamping assembly; 130. Support; 131. Protrusion; 132. Clamping plate; 14. Cylinder; 15. Flexible clamp assembly; 150. Slide bar; 151. Short clamp block; 152. Long clamp block; 153. Adjusting component; 1530. Slider; 1531. Arc rod; 1532. Support block; 1533. Support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Currently, the grinding of the inner diameter of ceramic insulators faces challenges such as the inability to incorporate internal supports, difficulty in clamping the outer wall ribs, and the risk of porcelain chipping and workpiece wobbling during rigid clamping, making it difficult to guarantee processing accuracy and yield. This invention provides a polishing and grinding device for insulator processing and manufacturing. (See [link]) Figures 1-2 As shown, it includes a base 12, an inner diameter clamping device 11 is provided inside the base 12, an insulator is supported on the inner diameter clamping device 11, and a grinding device 1 is movably connected to the base 12. The grinding device 1 is used to grind the inner diameter of the insulator. The inner diameter clamping device 11 is used to transport the insulator to be processed to the grinding station. After the subsequent clamping assembly 13 and the flexible clamping assembly 15 complete the clamping and fixing of the insulator, the inner diameter clamping device 11 removes its supporting function on the insulator, such as by lifting or moving horizontally, to avoid spatial interference with the grinding device 1 that extends into the inner diameter, thereby ensuring that the grinding device 1 can feed unobstructed along the entire length of the insulator's inner diameter.

[0024] The grinding device 1 adopts the existing inner diameter expansion flexible grinding structure. It inflates the elastic grinding head through the air passage in the hollow rotating shaft, causing the grinding head to expand and fit against the inner wall of the insulator's inner diameter. The outer surface of the grinding head is coated with an abrasive layer. The inner diameter surface is polished and ground through rotational motion. Since the grinding device 1 itself is a mature technology in this field, its specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail here.

[0025] See Figure 4 As shown, the base 12 has clamping assemblies 13 connected to both ends via cylinders 14. The two clamping assemblies 13 are arranged opposite each other, and a flexible clamping assembly 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the clamping assembly 13. The piston rod end of the cylinder 14 is fixedly connected to the clamping assembly 13, which is used to drive the clamping assembly 13 and the flexible clamping assembly 15 to move towards or away from the outer wall of the insulator synchronously, so as to achieve clamping or releasing of the insulator. The clamping assembly 13 is used to support the bottom of the insulator, and the flexible clamping assembly 15 is used to flexibly contact the outer wall of the insulator in the clamping state.

[0026] For details, see Figure 5As shown, the clamping assembly 13 includes a support 130, which is connected to the base 12 via a cylinder 14. The supports 130 of the two clamping assemblies 13 are arranged opposite to each other. A groove is provided on the side of the support 130 facing the insulator. A protrusion 131 is rotatably connected to the groove via a rotating shaft. A clamping plate 132 is fixedly connected to the end of the protrusion 131. With the above structure, the clamping plate 132 can swing freely around the rotating shaft within a certain angle range, so that when the clamping plate 132 contacts the bottom of the insulator, it can adaptively adjust the tilt angle according to the actual contour of the insulator, thereby ensuring that the supporting surface is fully in contact with the bottom of the insulator and improving the supporting stability.

[0027] Depend on Figure 3 As shown, the clamping plate 132 has a triangular structure. One corner of the clamping plate 132 is fixedly connected to the protrusion 131. The side of the clamping plate 132 opposite to the corner is set as an inclined surface. The inclined surfaces of the two clamping plates 132 are set opposite to each other to form a V-shaped support structure for supporting the insulator from the bottom. Due to the excellent geometric stability of the triangular structure, the gravitational load of the insulator can be stably transferred to the support 130 and the base 12. Furthermore, by connecting the tip of the triangle to the protrusion 131 and using the inclined surface as the support working surface, the structure is compact and the force path is short, which is beneficial to improving the support rigidity. Due to the V-shaped structure formed by the opposing inclined surfaces of the two clamping plates 132, when the insulator is placed from top to bottom, its bottom first contacts the inclined surface of the clamping plate 132. Under the action of the insulator's own weight, the V-shaped inclined surface generates a horizontal component force, which automatically guides the insulator to the lowest point of the center of the V-shaped structure, achieving rapid preliminary centering and positioning, and ensuring that the axis of the insulator is basically aligned with the rotation axis of the grinding device 1 before clamping.

[0028] In addition, the clamping plate 132 is made of rigid material to ensure that the supporting structure has sufficient support strength and will not deform under the heavy pressure of the insulator, thus affecting the positioning accuracy. A flexible buffer layer is provided on the inclined surface of the clamping plate 132. The flexible buffer layer is used to make elastic contact with the bottom of the insulator when supporting the insulator. The elastic deformation of the flexible material can absorb the impact energy when the insulator is placed, avoiding direct collision between the hard ceramic parts and the rigid inclined surface, which would cause damage. Furthermore, the flexible buffer layer can adapt to the specific shape of the bottom of the insulator, increasing the actual contact area with the insulator and distributing the supporting stress evenly at the bottom of the insulator, avoiding local stress concentration.

[0029] When the aforementioned clamping assembly 13 is in operation, such as Figure 2 As shown, in the initial state, the two clamping assemblies 13 are in a released position, moving away from each other, driven by the cylinder 14; as Figure 3As shown, when the insulator is conveyed by the inner diameter clamping device 11 to the top of the clamping assembly 13, the cylinder 14 extends and pushes the support 130 and the clamping plate 132 fixed thereon to move synchronously towards the insulator. As the two clamping plates 132 gradually approach each other, the bottom of the insulator first contacts the inclined surfaces of the two clamping plates 132. Under the action of the insulator's own weight, the two clamping plates 132 swing adaptively around their respective axes to adjust to the optimal fitting angle. At the same time, the V-shaped structure guides the insulator to the center position, completing the centering and positioning. Subsequently, the cylinder 14 continues to extend to the predetermined clamping position. At this time, the flexible buffer layer on the inclined surface of the clamping plate 132 is in close contact with the bottom of the insulator and provides sufficient friction to support the weight of the insulator. Thus, the clamping assembly 13 completes the support and centering positioning of the bottom of the insulator.

[0030] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the flexible clamp assembly 15 includes a slide rod 150, which is fixedly connected to the top of the support 130, so that the flexible clamp assembly 15 can move synchronously with the clamping assembly 13. A plurality of adjusting members 153 are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod 150, and a short clamping block 151 or a long clamping block 152 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each adjusting member 153. The adjusting member 153 can slide along the axial direction of the slide rod 150 to any position and be fixed, thereby adjusting the axial position of each clamping block on the slide rod 150.

[0031] Figure 3 In the middle, multiple short clamping blocks 151 and multiple long clamping blocks 152 are alternately arranged along the axial direction of the slide rod 150. The position of the short clamping blocks 151 corresponds to the convex surface of the umbrella ridge of the outer wall of the insulator and is used to clamp the convex outer wall of the insulator; the position of the long clamping blocks 152 corresponds to the concave surface between the umbrellas of the outer wall of the insulator and is used to clamp the concave outer wall of the insulator. Because the outer wall of the insulator has a multi-layered shed structure, the convex surfaces of the shed edges and the concave surfaces between the sheds are alternately distributed along the axial direction. The axial length of the short clamping block 151 matches the width of the convex surface of the shed edge, and the axial length of the long clamping block 152 matches the width of the concave surface between the sheds. This allows each clamping block to precisely correspond to the corresponding part of the outer wall of the insulator when clamping, achieving differentiated fitting clamping of the concave and convex contours. This avoids the situation where, if the clamping block 152 is designed with equal lengths, the long clamping block 152 will simultaneously contact both the shed edge and the area between the sheds, resulting in discontinuous contact surfaces and uneven distribution of clamping force. Meanwhile, the short clamping block 151 cannot reach the concave surface between the sheds, resulting in poor clamping effect.

[0032] Furthermore, both the short clamping block 151 and the long clamping block 152 are made of flexible foam material, which is used to elastically deform during clamping to conform to the umbrella-shaped curved surface of the insulator's outer wall, achieving non-destructive flexible clamping. Due to the good elasticity and flexibility of the foam material, it can adapt to the specific curved surface shape of the insulator's outer wall when subjected to clamping pressure, transforming the point or line contact of traditional rigid clamping into surface contact, increasing the force-bearing area, and thus evenly distributing the clamping stress to the entire contact surface, avoiding stress concentration in the weak parts of the umbrella-shaped edges. In addition, the damping characteristics of the foam material can absorb the vibration energy generated during grinding, reducing the impact of vibration on the processing accuracy. At the same time, the coefficient of friction between the foam material and the ceramic surface is moderate, which can provide sufficient friction to prevent the insulator from rotating under the action of grinding torque, without damaging the glaze layer on the ceramic surface due to excessive friction.

[0033] When the aforementioned flexible clamp assembly 15 is in operation, such as Figure 3 As shown, before clamping, each adjusting component 153 is slid along the axial direction of the slide rod 150 according to the number and spacing of the umbrella ribs of the insulator to be processed, so that the short clamping block 151 is aligned with the convex surface of the umbrella rib and the long clamping block 152 is aligned with the concave surface between the umbrella ribs. The adjusting components 153 are then fixed to the slide rod 150 by the locking mechanism. When the cylinder 14 extends and pushes the clamping support assembly 13 closer to the insulator, the slide rod 150 fixedly connected to the top of the support 130 and each clamping block on the slide rod 150 move synchronously towards the outer wall of the insulator. As the clamping action proceeds, the short clamping block 151 first contacts the convex surface of the umbrella rib, and the long clamping block 152 then contacts the concave surface between the umbrella ribs. When the clamping action continues to advance to the predetermined clamping position, each clamping block undergoes moderate compression deformation under the driving force of the cylinder 14, and its contact surface fully conforms to the corresponding curved surface of the outer wall of the insulator, forming a stable surface contact flexible clamping, which, together with the clamping support assembly 13 at the bottom, completes the overall fixation of the insulator.

[0034] like Figure 7 As shown, the adjusting component 153 includes a slider 1530, which is fixedly connected to the inside of the corresponding short clamping block 151 or long clamping block 152. The slider 1530 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod 150. An arc rod 1531 is fixedly connected to the top of the slider 1530. The arc rod 1531 is arc-shaped, and support blocks 1532 are fixedly connected to both ends of the arc of the arc rod 1531. A support rod 1533 passes through the two support blocks 1532. Specifically, the arc ends of the arc of the arc rod 1531 are fixedly connected to the two support blocks 1532 respectively. The support rod 1533 passes through the two support blocks 1532, and the rod body of the support rod 1533 slides in cooperation with the top of the slider 1530.

[0035] Since the corresponding ends of the support block 1532 and the arc rod 1531 are fixedly connected, the rod body of the support rod 1533 slides with the top of the slider 1530. By providing a locking nut on the support rod 1533, and providing locking nuts on the opposite sides of the two support blocks 1532, the two support blocks 1532 are driven to move closer to each other along the support rod 1533 by tightening the locking nuts, causing the arc rod 1531 to undergo radial deformation and hug tightly against the outer wall of the slider 150, thereby locking the axial position of the slider 1530.

[0036] Furthermore, the support block 1532 is made of elastic material and is used to deform and hold the outer wall of the slide rod 150 when the locking nut is tightened. When the locking nut is not tightened, the support block 1532 is in a natural state, and there is a small gap between the arc rod 1531 and the outer wall of the slide rod 150. The slider 1530 can slide freely along the slide rod 150 to adjust its position. When the adjustment is in place, the locking nut is tightened, and the two support blocks 1532 are driven to move closer to each other. At this time, the arc span of the arc rod 1531 fixed between the two support blocks 1532 is forced to shrink, resulting in radial inward contraction deformation. At the same time, the elastic support block 1532 also deforms and adheres to the outer wall of the slide rod 150 after being compressed.

[0037] Figure 8 In the process of adjusting the position of the clamping block, first loosen the locking nut to restore the arc rod 1531 to its natural state and loosen the clamping on the slide rod 150. At this time, the slider 1530 can slide freely along the slide rod 150. Figure 3 In this process, the operator slides each adjusting component 153 sequentially to the target position according to the spacing between the umbrella ribs of the insulator, aligning the short clamping block 151 with the convex surface of the umbrella rib and the long clamping block 152 with the concave surface between the umbrella ribs. After confirming that the position is correct, the locking nut is tightened. The locking nut drives the two support blocks 1532 to move closer to each other along the support rod 1533. The arc span of the arc rod 1531, which is fixedly connected between the two support blocks 1532, is forced to shrink, resulting in radial contraction deformation. At the same time, the elastic support block 1532 also deforms and fits tightly against the outer wall of the slide rod 150. The two work together to reliably lock the slider 1530 in the current position on the slide rod 150. When it is necessary to readjust or replace the insulator with a different model, simply loosen the locking nut to release the lock and slide the adjusting component 153 back to the new target position. The operation is convenient and efficient.

[0038] Working principle: Before processing, the clamping posture is pre-adjusted according to the specifications of the insulator's ribs. The axial position of each clamping block is adjusted according to the number of ribs and the axial spacing of the insulator, so that the short clamping block corresponds to the convex area of ​​the rib and the long clamping block corresponds to the concave area between the ribs. After adjusting to the target position, the clamping layout is locked so that it corresponds one-to-one with the concave and convex contours of the outer wall of the insulator, which is suitable for the clamping requirements of the corresponding specifications of the workpiece. After pre-adjustment, the insulator enters the feeding process. The inner diameter clamping device 11 transports the insulator to the grinding station, completing the initial axial positioning and temporary support of the workpiece, providing an initial position reference for subsequent clamping. After the workpiece is in place, the two drive ends simultaneously drive the support structure and clamping structure to move closer to the outer wall of the insulator. The bottom support clamping plate 132 first contacts the lower outer wall of the insulator. Relying on the self-adaptive characteristic of free swing, it adjusts the contact angle according to the outer diameter of the workpiece. The V-shaped support surfaces arranged symmetrically on both sides generate radial force under the action of the workpiece's own weight, guiding the insulator to automatically return to the central axis, completing the initial centering and positioning. At the same time, it bears most of the axial weight of the workpiece, reducing the load on the side wall clamping part. The flexible buffer structure of the support contact surface adapts to the shape of the workpiece's outer wall, evenly distributing the support stress and avoiding the direct contact between the hard ceramic part and the rigid surface, which may cause chipping and dark cracking defects. As the clamping stroke continues to advance, the long and short clamping blocks on the side wall gradually come into contact with the outer wall of the insulator. The alternating long and short clamping blocks are embedded in the protrusions of the umbrella ribs and the recesses between the umbrellas. The flexible clamping blocks undergo elastic deformation under the clamping pressure, closely conforming to the curved surface of the umbrella skirt. This transforms the point and line contact of traditional rigid clamping into a large-area surface contact, allowing the clamping stress to be evenly distributed throughout the contact area. This avoids stress concentration at the weak points of the umbrella ribs, which could cause damage to the ceramic parts. At the same time, the static friction of the contact surface constrains the radial movement and circumferential rotation of the workpiece. Combined with the bottom support, this forms a multi-dimensional stable constraint, ensuring that the workpiece does not shift or shake during the grinding process. After the clamping is stable, the inner diameter clamping device 11 immediately removes its supporting function on the insulator and exits the inner hole area, completely separating itself from the inner wall of the workpiece, eliminating spatial interference with the grinding operation, and reserving working space for the grinding device 1 along the entire length of the inner hole; then the grinding device 1 extends into the inner hole of the insulator along the axial direction, and the elastic grinding head expands radially by inflation and evenly fits the inner wall surface. Relying on the abrasive layer on the surface of the grinding head, the grinding head completes the polishing and grinding process along the entire length of the inner diameter through the combined motion of its own rotation and axial feed; the flexible expansion grinding head can adaptively match the inner diameter size and small shape and position deviations, ensuring uniform grinding pressure and avoiding the problems of inner wall chipping and uneven grinding that are easily caused by rigid grinding.

[0039] After grinding, the unloading and resetting process begins. The grinding head first vents and retracts before exiting the inner hole axially. The drive ends on both sides then drive the support structure and clamping structure to move away from the workpiece synchronously, releasing the clamping constraint on the insulator, and the finished workpiece can be taken out. If it is necessary to replace insulators with different shed spacing and different diameters, simply readjust the axial spacing of each clamping block to quickly complete the production changeover adaptation.

[0040] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An insulator processing and polishing device, comprising a base (12), wherein an inner diameter clamping device (11) is provided inside the base (12), an insulator is supported on the inner diameter clamping device (11), and a polishing device (1) is movably connected to the base (12), the polishing device (1) being used to polish the inner diameter of the insulator, characterized in that: The base (12) is connected to a clamping assembly (13) near both ends by a cylinder (14). The two clamping assemblies (13) are arranged opposite to each other, and a flexible clamping assembly (15) is fixedly connected to the top of the clamping assembly (13). The cylinder (14) is used to drive the clamping assembly (13) and the flexible clamping assembly (15) to move towards or away from the outer wall of the insulator in a synchronous manner, so as to clamp or release the insulator; the clamping assembly (13) is used to support the bottom of the insulator, and the flexible clamping assembly (15) is used to make flexible contact with the outer wall of the insulator in the clamping state.

2. The insulator processing, manufacturing, polishing, and grinding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (13) includes a support (130), which is connected to the base (12) via a cylinder (14). The supports (130) of the two clamping assemblies (13) are arranged opposite to each other. The support (130) has a groove on the side facing the insulator. A protrusion (131) is rotatably connected in the groove via a rotating shaft. A clamping plate (132) is fixedly connected to the end of the protrusion (131).

3. The insulator processing, manufacturing, polishing, and grinding apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamp (132) is triangular in shape. One end corner of the clamp (132) is fixedly connected to the protrusion (131). The side of the clamp (132) opposite to the end corner is set as an inclined surface. The inclined surfaces of the two clamps (132) are set opposite to each other to form a V-shaped support structure for supporting the insulator from the bottom.

4. The insulator processing, manufacturing, polishing, and grinding apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping plate (132) is made of rigid material. A flexible buffer layer is provided on the inclined surface of the clamping plate (132). The flexible buffer layer is used to make elastic contact with the bottom of the insulator when supporting the insulator.

5. The insulator processing, manufacturing, polishing, and grinding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible clamp assembly (15) includes a slide rod (150), which is fixedly connected to the top of the support (130). The outer wall of the slide rod (150) is slidably sleeved with a plurality of adjusting parts (153), and each adjusting part (153) is fixedly connected to a short clamping block (151) or a long clamping block (152).

6. The insulator processing and polishing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: Multiple short clamping blocks (151) and multiple long clamping blocks (152) are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the slide rod (150); the position of the short clamping blocks (151) corresponds to the convex surface of the umbrella ridge of the outer wall of the insulator and is used to clamp the convex outer wall of the insulator; the position of the long clamping blocks (152) corresponds to the concave surface between the umbrellas of the outer wall of the insulator and is used to clamp the concave outer wall of the insulator.

7. The insulator processing, manufacturing, polishing, and grinding apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both the short clamping block (151) and the long clamping block (152) are made of flexible foam material, which is used to undergo elastic deformation during clamping to fit the umbrella-shaped curved surface of the outer wall of the insulator, so as to achieve non-destructive flexible clamping.

8. The insulator processing, manufacturing, polishing, and grinding apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjusting component (153) includes a slider (1530), which is fixedly connected to the inside of the corresponding short clamp (151) or long clamp (152). The slider (1530) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod (150). An arc rod (1531) is fixedly connected to the top of the slider (1530). The arc rod (1531) is arc-shaped in its entirety. Support blocks (1532) are fixedly connected to both ends of the arc of the arc rod (1531). A support rod (1533) passes through the two support blocks (1532).

9. The insulator processing, manufacturing, polishing, and grinding apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The support block (1532) is fixedly connected to the corresponding end of the arc rod (1531), and the rod body of the support rod (1533) is slidably engaged with the top of the slider (1530). The support rod (1533) is equipped with a locking nut. By turning the locking nut, the two support blocks (1532) are driven to move closer to each other, causing the arc rod (1531) to hug and fit tightly against the outer wall of the slider (150), thereby locking the axial position of the slider (1530).

10. The insulator processing and polishing apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that: The support block (1532) is made of elastic material and is used to deform and hold the outer wall of the slide rod (150) when the locking nut is tightened.

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