A forging curved surface adaptive polishing processing device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of polishing equipment, and discloses a self-adaptive polishing machining device for a curved surface of a forge piece, which comprises a processing bin, a processing cavity for polishing a forge piece is formed in the processing bin, and the processing cavity is closed by a glass sealing door on the processing bin during use; a profiled processing mechanism is arranged in the processing cavity and is used for profiled polishing during the processing of forge pieces with different shapes; and a targeted cooling mechanism is arranged in the processing cavity. By increasing and arranging the profiled processing mechanism, the space posture of the bearing seat is adjusted by a plurality of groups of servo push rods during the polishing of the forge piece, so that the polishing contact surface and the curved surface of the forge piece always remain normal and perpendicular, the curvature change of the complex curved surface is adapted, constant force polishing is realized by combining pressure feedback, and local pressure that is too high is avoided to intensify material work hardening and induce surface burns.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding equipment technology, specifically to an adaptive grinding processing device for curved surfaces of forgings. Background Technology

[0002] Forged structural components such as turbine disks, blades, and landing gear made of nickel-based alloys and titanium alloys are core load-bearing components in high-end equipment in aerospace, energy, and other fields. After forging, the workpiece surface generally has oxide scale, flash, and shallow forming defects, which must be finished by grinding to meet the performance requirements of subsequent non-destructive testing, assembly, and long-term service. However, these alloy materials have low thermal conductivity, and the heat generated during grinding is difficult to dissipate quickly, which poses many technical bottlenecks to surface grinding. Conventional grinding equipment is not suitable for their high-quality and high-reliability processing requirements.

[0003] Existing grinding equipment lacks the ability to properly fit the normal surfaces of complex curved workpieces, resulting in significant fluctuations in grinding contact force depending on the curvature of the surface. Excessive local contact pressure not only exacerbates the work hardening of high-alloy materials but also induces phase transformation burns on the workpiece surface due to the inability to dissipate heat effectively, directly damaging the mechanical properties and fatigue life of the component. Conversely, insufficient pressure fails to completely remove surface oxide scale and shallow defects, leading to poor overall grinding quality and making it difficult to meet the precision and quality standards of critical structural components.

[0004] Furthermore, grinding debris detached during the grinding process tends to remain in the grinding contact area, causing secondary scraping as the grinding head moves, further damaging the surface integrity of the workpiece. To control the temperature rise during grinding, existing equipment often employs a large-area cooling method involving coolant flushing. However, prolonged contact with coolant poses a risk of hydrogen embrittlement to titanium alloys, reducing the fatigue resistance and service reliability of components. Conventional cooling solutions cannot simultaneously achieve the dual goals of precise temperature control and material performance protection. Therefore, those skilled in the art have proposed an adaptive grinding device for forging curved surfaces to address the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an adaptive grinding processing device for forging curved surfaces, which solves the problem that existing grinding equipment has insufficient normal fitting capability for complex curved workpieces, and the grinding contact force fluctuates significantly with changes in surface curvature.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an adaptive grinding device for forging curved surfaces, comprising,

[0007] The processing chamber has an internal cavity for grinding forging workpieces. The processing cavity is sealed by a glass door on the processing chamber during use.

[0008] The conformal processing mechanism is set inside the processing chamber and is used to perform conformal grinding processing on forgings of different shapes during the processing.

[0009] The targeted cooling mechanism is located inside the processing chamber and is used to perform targeted cooling on the grinding area of ​​the forging workpiece during the grinding process.

[0010] The progressive grinding mechanism is located inside the processing chamber and is used to perform progressive grinding processing on forging workpieces at different grinding stages.

[0011] The positive pressure protection mechanism, located at the top of the processing chamber, is used to provide positive pressure protection against grinding dust during the grinding process of forging workpieces.

[0012] Preferably, the conformal processing mechanism includes a base, and the base is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the processing cavity. A bearing seat is provided on the upper part of the base. A stepped positioning groove for positioning and fixing the forging workpiece is opened at the top center of the bearing seat. Multiple spherical hinge seats are arranged in a circular array on the surface of the base and the bearing seat on adjacent sides. Multiple sets of servo electric push rods are arranged in a circular array between the base and the bearing seat. A pressure sensor is connected in series between the lower end of each set of servo electric push rods and the bearing seat to collect the contact reaction force in the corresponding direction. A three-axis attitude sensor is provided at the bottom center of the bearing seat.

[0013] Preferably, the conformal processing mechanism further includes a vertical seat, and vertical seats are provided on both sides of the middle of the processing cavity. A moving groove is provided in the upper middle part of the adjacent side of the vertical seat. An automatic moving seat that can move up and down is provided between the two vertical seats, and the corresponding position of the automatic moving seat extends into the moving groove. A mounting seat is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the automatic moving seat. A flexible grinding seat is provided at the bottom of the mounting seat. A drive motor for driving the mounting seat is provided in the middle of the top end of the automatic moving seat.

[0014] Preferably, the targeted cooling mechanism includes an atomizing mixing chamber, the top of the mounting base has an annular atomizing mixing chamber, a micro air pump is provided in the middle of one side of the outer wall of the mounting base, a one-way injection nozzle is provided in the middle of the front side of the mounting base, and a central connecting seat is provided in the middle of the atomizing mixing chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the targeted cooling mechanism further includes a central cavity. The central cavity is formed at the bottom center of the flexible polishing seat. The bottom circumference of the flexible polishing seat has multiple arc-shaped grooves. The inner wall of each arc-shaped groove is provided with a hardened wall. The interior of the flexible polishing seat is filled with sponge filler. The bottom circumference of the outer wall of the central connecting seat has multiple flow channels that communicate with the interior of the flexible polishing seat and the interior of the central cavity.

[0016] Preferably, the progressive polishing mechanism includes an internal airbag seat, the flexible polishing seat is provided with an internal airbag seat that is inflated by a micro air pump, an electric exhaust valve for venting the gas inside the internal airbag seat is provided in the middle of the other side of the outer wall of the mounting seat, surface abrasive particles are provided on the outer wall of the flexible polishing seat, and a display controller is provided on the upper middle side of the front end of the processing chamber.

[0017] Preferably, the positive pressure protection mechanism includes an inert gas box, an inert gas box for storing inert gas is provided at the top center of the processing chamber, a pressure gauge is provided at the front center of the inert gas box, a pressurizer is provided at the top of the inert gas box to pressurize the inert gas inside and assist in its discharge, and multiple exhaust grooves are provided at equal intervals on the outer wall of the vertical base. The inert gas inside the inert gas box enters into the vertical base through the internal flow channel and is then discharged through the exhaust grooves on the vertical base.

[0018] Preferably, the positive pressure protection mechanism further includes flame-retardant glass fiber felt, the inner wall of the processing chamber is covered with flame-retardant glass fiber felt, and the outer surface of the flame-retardant glass fiber felt is provided with a flame-retardant pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

[0019] Working Principle: When grinding forged workpieces made of nickel-based superalloys and titanium alloys, the conformal processing mechanism first enters a standby state. The operator places the turbine disk or blade-like curved surface forging to be processed onto the support seat. The workpiece is precisely positioned and clamped using the stepped positioning grooves on the support seat surface, ensuring the workpiece position is consistent with the preset grinding trajectory reference. After the workpiece clamping is confirmed, the operator closes and locks the glass sealing door on the front of the processing chamber, creating an independent and sealed working space inside. This provides a closed environment for temperature control, dust control, and inert gas protection during the subsequent grinding process. Then, the automatic moving seat in the moving groove on the side wall of the upright seat moves smoothly downwards along the groove guide. During this downward movement, it simultaneously drives the mounting seat at its front end and the flexible grinding seat at the bottom of the mounting seat to feed synchronously. When the grinding surface of the flexible grinding seat reaches the preset contact state with the surface of the forged workpiece, the automatic moving seat stops feeding and maintains its position. At this time, the drive motor on the automatic moving seat starts running, and the motor output shaft passes through... The transmission structure drives the mounting base and the flexible grinding base below to rotate synchronously. Relying on the abrasive cutting action on the surface of the flexible grinding base, the surface of the workpiece on the support base is ground. During the workpiece grinding process, the three-axis attitude sensor equipped with the support base collects the current spatial angle information of the workpiece in real time. Combined with the pre-stored workpiece surface normal data, the control system sends adjustment commands to multiple sets of servo electric push rods on the base. The multiple sets of servo electric push rods synchronously perform micron-level micro-extension and contraction movements. By adjusting the spatial tilt angle of the support base, the surface of the current grinding area of ​​the forging workpiece is always perpendicular to the normal of the grinding contact surface of the flexible grinding base, ensuring uniform and stable grinding force. At the same time, the pressure sensor collects the grinding contact force value in real time and feeds it back to the display controller outside the processing chamber. The display controller dynamically adjusts the micro-displacement compensation amount of the servo electric push rods on the base according to the force value deviation, and stably controls the grinding contact force within the preset threshold range. Finally, it realizes the normal constant force contact grinding of the entire curved surface of the forging, and completes the shape-adaptive adjustment of the entire grinding process.Simultaneously, the targeted cooling mechanism is activated. Before the formal polishing operation begins, the staff injects cooling medium into the atomizing mixing chamber inside the mounting base through the one-way injection nozzle on the mounting base. At the same time, high-pressure gas is introduced into the atomizing mixing chamber through a micro air pump. Cooling water and high-pressure gas collide and mix at high speed inside the atomizing mixing chamber, breaking into micron-sized droplet mist, thus completing the atomization preparation of the cooling medium. During the polishing operation, the droplet mist in the atomizing mixing chamber is continuously transported and diverted through the flow channel on the central connecting base into the sponge filler and central cavity inside the flexible polishing base. The droplets that seep into the sponge filler continuously moisten the polishing area through slow penetration, thus gradually polishing the contact surface. This method of cooling and moistening the ultra-fine metal dust generated during grinding can inhibit the dust from flying and spreading. The mist entering the central cavity is continuously propelled by the high-pressure gas and flows directionally along the arc-shaped groove at the bottom of the flexible grinding seat. When the mist comes into contact with the high-temperature grinding surface of the forging workpiece, it instantly vaporizes and removes a large amount of grinding heat through phase change heat absorption. Finally, it carries the heat and is discharged from both ends of the arc-shaped groove into the processing chamber. This high-speed airflow blowing combined with mist droplet vaporization heat exchange can accurately and efficiently remove the heat from the core grinding area. At the same time, the airflow discharged from the arc-shaped groove can simultaneously blow away the metal chips and grinding dust on the surface of the workpiece, avoiding the secondary scratches on the workpiece surface caused by the retention of grinding chips. This completes the targeted cooling and chip removal treatment of the entire forging grinding process.Simultaneously, the progressive grinding mechanism is put into operation. The overall grinding process of the forging is divided into three progressive stages: rough grinding, semi-finish grinding, and finish grinding. In the rough grinding stage, the miniature air pump on the mounting base fills a small amount of gas into the internal air bladder of the flexible grinding seat, keeping the internal air bladder with low internal pressure support stiffness. At this time, when the surface abrasive grains on the surface of the flexible grinding seat come into contact with the workpiece surface, they can fully conform to the curved surface of the workpiece through the flexible compression deformation of the grinding seat, achieving a large contact area coverage. In this stage, the flexible grinding seat, in conjunction with the conformal processing mechanism, performs thorough grinding on the entire surface of the workpiece at a low rotation speed, quickly removing surface oxide scale and forging defects, and completing the large-mass roughing operation. After entering the semi-finish grinding stage, the operator issues a command through the display controller to control the miniature air pump to replenish the internal air bladder with air. The internal air bladder gradually expands as the air pressure increases, and the support stiffness increases synchronously, making the flexible grinding... As the effective contact area between the surface abrasive grains on the base and the forging workpiece decreases accordingly, the flexible grinding base, in conjunction with the conforming processing mechanism, operates at a medium rotational speed to perform uniform semi-fine grinding on the workpiece surface, eliminating the work-hardened layer and surface tool marks generated by rough grinding, and correcting the surface accuracy of the curved surface. The same control logic is used in the fine grinding stage. The display controller controls the micro air pump to continue inflating the internal airbag base. After the airbag expands further, the contact area between the surface abrasive grains and the workpiece is further reduced, which can perform fine grinding on the curved surface of the workpiece and improve the surface finish. In this stage, the flexible grinding base, in conjunction with the conforming processing mechanism, operates at a lower speed to ensure that the surface quality after fine grinding meets the standards. After all grinding processes are completed, the display controller controls the electric exhaust valve on the mounting base to open, and the gas in the internal airbag base is quickly discharged, restoring to the initial normal pressure state, thus completing the entire progressive grinding process of the forging from rough to fine.Simultaneously, the positive pressure protection mechanism is activated. Throughout the grinding process within the processing chamber, the pressurizer attached to the inert gas tank is activated, pressurizing and transporting the inert gas stored in the tank. The pressurized inert gas is then sent into the inner cavity of the vertical base along the internal flow channel of the equipment, and then evenly released into the processing chamber through the exhaust grooves on the side wall of the vertical base. This maintains a stable micro-positive pressure state inside the processing chamber. This micro-positive pressure environment can, on the one hand, prevent air from the external environment from seeping into the processing chamber, avoiding the risk of combustion and explosion caused by oxygen contacting active metal dust; on the other hand, it can disperse the dust generated during grinding through continuous inert airflow, preventing dust from accumulating around the workpiece. Excessive dust concentration in certain areas interferes with grinding operations and equipment function. To address this, a combination of micro-positive pressure airflow and wall-mounted dust collection is employed for comprehensive dust control. During grinding, flying metal dust diffuses with the inert airflow discharged from the exhaust duct. When it comes into contact with the inner wall of the processing chamber, the flame-retardant pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on the inner wall directly adheres to large dust particles, while the flame-retardant fiberglass felt on its inner side further traps micron-sized fine powder through its three-dimensional porous fiber structure. This prevents dust from rebounding back into the air inside the chamber after colliding with the wall, effectively reducing the concentration of suspended dust within the chamber and minimizing the possibility of dust escaping from the chamber's gaps. This achieves safety protection and dust control throughout the entire forging grinding process.

[0020] This invention provides an adaptive grinding device for curved surfaces of forgings. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. By adding and setting a conformal processing mechanism, this invention can adjust the spatial posture of the bearing seat through multiple sets of servo push rods during the grinding process of forging workpieces. This not only ensures that the grinding contact surface and the workpiece surface remain perpendicular to the normal, adapting to the curvature changes of complex surfaces, but also achieves constant force grinding by combining pressure feedback. This avoids excessive local pressure from aggravating material work hardening and inducing surface burns, while preventing insufficient pressure from causing incomplete oxide scale removal, thus improving the quality consistency of grinding across the entire curved surface.

[0022] 2. By adding and setting a targeted cooling mechanism, this invention first adopts a gas-liquid atomization targeted heat exchange form when grinding forged workpieces. This mechanism acts precisely on the core grinding area, efficiently removing grinding heat, alleviating heat accumulation caused by the low thermal conductivity of the material, and inhibiting surface phase transformation burns. Secondly, the accompanying airflow can simultaneously blow away grinding debris, avoiding the formation of secondary scratches due to debris retention. At the same time, it significantly reduces the contact amount between the cooling medium and the workpiece, reducing the risk of hydrogen embrittlement and deterioration of titanium alloys caused by long-term contact with coolant.

[0023] 3. By adding and setting a progressive grinding mechanism, this invention can not only achieve graded progressive processing of rough grinding, semi-fine grinding and fine grinding on the same grinding head by adjusting the internal air pressure of the airbag, avoiding deep work hardening caused by single large-volume grinding and protecting the surface mechanical properties of the workpiece, but also save the positioning error caused by multi-process shape change, ensure the accuracy of curved surface shape, and gradually optimize the surface processing quality, adapting to the grinding requirements of key forgings at different stages.

[0024] 4. By adding and setting a positive pressure protection mechanism, this invention can prevent external air from seeping in and eliminate the safety hazard of active metal dust igniting and exploding when grinding forged workpieces by creating a continuous inert gas micro-positive pressure environment inside the cavity. On the other hand, it can disperse dust in the grinding area through airflow to avoid excessive local dust concentration from interfering with normal operation. It can also be combined with the composite structure that is attached to the inner wall to reduce the concentration of suspended dust in the cavity and reduce the escape of dust from the gaps in the chamber. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the base of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the vertical plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the flexible grinding seat of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the mounting base of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flexible grinding seat of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the planar structure of the inner wall of the processing cavity of the present invention.

[0032] The components include: 1. Processing chamber; 2. Glass sealing door; 3. One-way injection nozzle; 4. Display controller; 5. Drive motor; 6. Inert gas chamber; 7. Pressurizer; 8. Pressure gauge; 9. Automatic moving seat; 10. Flexible grinding seat; 11. Bearing seat; 12. Processing chamber; 13. Base; 14. Spherical hinge seat; 15. Servo electric push rod; 16. Step positioning groove; 17. Exhaust groove; 18. Mounting seat; 19. Moving groove; 20. Electric exhaust valve; 21. Miniature air pump; 22. Arc groove; 23. Central cavity; 24. Surface abrasive particles; 25. Hardened wall; 26. Atomizing mixing chamber; 27. Central connecting seat; 28. Flow channel; 29. ​​Internal airbag seat; 30. Sponge filling; 31. Flame-retardant fiberglass mat; 32. Flame-retardant pressure-sensitive adhesive layer; 33. Vertical seat. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Please see the appendix Figure 1 This invention provides an adaptive grinding processing device for forging curved surfaces, including a processing chamber 1. The processing chamber 1 has a processing cavity 12 for grinding the forging workpiece inside. The processing cavity 12 is sealed by a glass sealing door 2 on the processing chamber 1 during use.

[0035] Please see the appendix Figure 2 -Appendix Figure 3 The conformal processing mechanism is set in the processing chamber 12 and is used to perform conformal grinding processing on forging workpieces of different shapes during the processing.

[0036] The conformal processing mechanism also includes a vertical seat 33. Vertical seats 33 are provided on both sides of the middle of the processing cavity 12. A moving groove 19 is provided on the upper middle part of the adjacent side of the vertical seat 33. An automatic moving seat 9 that can move up and down is provided between the two vertical seats 33. The corresponding position of the automatic moving seat 9 extends into the moving groove 19. A mounting seat 18 is provided at the middle of the bottom end of the automatic moving seat 9. A flexible grinding seat 10 is provided at the bottom of the mounting seat 18. A drive motor 5 that drives the mounting seat 18 is provided at the middle of the top end of the automatic moving seat 9.

[0037] When the conformal processing mechanism is started, the staff places the turbine disk or blade-like curved surface forging to be processed on the bearing seat 11. The step positioning groove 16 on the surface of the bearing seat 11 is used to complete the precise positioning and clamping of the workpiece, ensuring that the position of the workpiece is consistent with the preset grinding trajectory reference. After the workpiece clamping is confirmed, the staff closes and locks the glass sealing door 2 on the front of the processing chamber 1, so that the processing chamber 12 inside the processing chamber 1 forms an independent and sealed working space, providing a closed environment for temperature control, dust control and inert gas protection in the subsequent grinding process.

[0038] Subsequently, the automatic moving seat 9 in the moving groove 19 on the side wall of the upright seat 33 moves smoothly downward along the groove guide. During the downward movement, it synchronously drives the mounting seat 18 at its front end and the flexible grinding seat 10 at the bottom of the mounting seat 18 to feed synchronously. When the grinding surface of the flexible grinding seat 10 reaches the preset contact state with the surface of the forging workpiece, the automatic moving seat 9 stops feeding and maintains its position. At this time, the drive motor 5 on the automatic moving seat 9 starts running. The motor output shaft drives the mounting seat 18 and the flexible grinding seat 10 below it to rotate synchronously through the transmission structure. Relying on the abrasive cutting action on the surface of the flexible grinding seat 10, the workpiece surface on the bearing seat 11 is ground.

[0039] The conformal processing mechanism includes a base 13. The base 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the processing cavity 12. A bearing seat 11 is provided on the upper part of the base 13. A stepped positioning groove 16 for positioning and fixing the forging workpiece is opened at the top center of the bearing seat 11. Multiple spherical hinge seats 14 are arranged in a circular array on the surface of the adjacent side of the base 13 and the bearing seat 11. Multiple sets of servo electric push rods 15 are arranged in a circular array between the base 13 and the bearing seat 11. A pressure sensor is connected in series between the lower end of each set of servo electric push rods 15 and the bearing seat 11 to collect the contact reaction force in the corresponding direction. A three-axis attitude sensor is provided at the bottom center of the bearing seat 11.

[0040] During the workpiece grinding process, the three-axis attitude sensor of the support seat 11 collects the current spatial angle information of the workpiece in real time. Combined with the pre-stored workpiece surface normal data, the control system sends adjustment commands to multiple sets of servo electric push rods 15 on the base 13. The multiple sets of servo electric push rods 15 synchronously perform micro-level micro-telescopic movements. By adjusting the spatial tilt angle of the support seat 11, the surface of the current grinding area of ​​the forging workpiece is always perpendicular to the normal of the grinding contact surface of the flexible grinding seat 10, ensuring uniform and stable grinding force.

[0041] At the same time, the pressure sensor collects the grinding contact force value in real time and feeds it back to the display controller 4 on the outside of the processing chamber 1. The display controller 4 dynamically adjusts the micro-displacement compensation amount of the servo electric push rod 15 on the base 13 according to the force value deviation, so as to stably control the grinding contact force within the preset threshold range, and finally realize the normal constant force contact grinding of the entire curved surface of the forging, and complete the shape-adaptive adjustment of the entire grinding process.

[0042] Please see the appendix Figure 4 -Appendix Figure 6 The targeted cooling mechanism is located in the processing chamber 12 and is used to perform targeted cooling on the grinding location of the forging workpiece during the grinding process.

[0043] The targeted cooling mechanism includes an atomizing mixing chamber 26. The top of the mounting base 18 has an annular atomizing mixing chamber 26. A micro air pump 21 is provided in the middle of one side of the outer wall of the mounting base 18. A one-way liquid injection nozzle 3 is provided in the middle of the front side of the mounting base 18. A central connecting seat 27 is provided in the middle of the atomizing mixing chamber 26.

[0044] When the targeted cooling mechanism is activated, before the formal grinding operation begins, the staff injects cooling medium into the atomizing mixing chamber 26 inside the mounting base 18 through the one-way injection nozzle 3 on the mounting base 18. At the same time, high-pressure gas is introduced into the atomizing mixing chamber 26 through the micro air pump 21. The cooling water and high-pressure gas collide and mix at high speed inside the atomizing mixing chamber 26, breaking into micron-sized droplet mist, thus completing the atomization preparation of the cooling medium.

[0045] The targeted cooling mechanism also includes a central cavity 23. The central cavity 23 is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the flexible polishing seat 10. The bottom circumference of the flexible polishing seat 10 has multiple arc-shaped grooves 22. The inner wall of each arc-shaped groove 22 is provided with a hardened wall 25. The interior of the flexible polishing seat 10 is filled with a sponge filler 30. The bottom circumference of the outer wall of the central connecting seat 27 has multiple flow channels 28 that communicate with the interior of the flexible polishing seat 10 and the interior of the central cavity 23.

[0046] During the polishing process, the droplet mist in the atomizing mixing chamber 26 is continuously delivered and diverted through the flow channel 28 on the central connecting seat 27 into the sponge filling 30 and the central cavity 23 inside the flexible polishing seat 10. The droplets that penetrate into the sponge filling 30 continuously moisten the polishing area through slow penetration, which not only gradually cools the polishing contact surface, but also moistens the ultrafine metal dust generated during polishing, inhibiting the dust from flying and spreading.

[0047] The mist entering the central cavity 23 is continuously propelled by the high-pressure gas and flows directionally along the arc-shaped groove 22 at the bottom of the flexible grinding seat 10. When the mist comes into contact with the high-temperature grinding surface of the forging workpiece, it vaporizes instantly and removes a large amount of grinding heat through phase change heat absorption. Finally, it carries the heat and is discharged from both ends of the arc-shaped groove 22 into the processing cavity 12. This high-speed airflow purging combined with mist droplet vaporization heat exchange can accurately and efficiently remove the heat from the core grinding area. At the same time, the airflow discharged from the arc-shaped groove 22 can simultaneously blow away the metal chips and grinding dust on the workpiece surface, avoiding the secondary scratches on the workpiece surface caused by the retention of grinding chips. This completes the targeted cooling and chip removal treatment of the entire forging grinding process.

[0048] The progressive grinding mechanism is located in the processing chamber 12 and is used to perform progressive grinding processing on different grinding stages of the forging workpiece.

[0049] The progressive polishing mechanism includes an internal airbag seat 29. The flexible polishing seat 10 is equipped with an internal airbag seat 29 that is inflated by a micro air pump 21. An electric exhaust valve 20 for venting the gas inside the internal airbag seat 29 is provided in the middle of the other side of the outer wall of the mounting seat 18. Surface abrasive particles 24 are provided on the outer wall of the flexible polishing seat 10. A display controller 4 is provided on the upper middle side of the front end of the processing chamber 1.

[0050] When the progressive grinding mechanism is started, the overall grinding process of the forging is carried out in three progressive stages: rough grinding, semi-fine grinding, and fine grinding. In the rough grinding stage, the micro air pump 21 on the mounting base 18 injects a small amount of gas into the internal air bladder 29 inside the flexible grinding base 10, so that the internal air bladder 29 maintains a low internal pressure support stiffness. At this time, when the surface abrasive grains 24 on the surface of the flexible grinding base 10 come into contact with the workpiece surface, they can fully conform to the curved surface of the workpiece through the flexible compression deformation of the grinding base, achieving a large contact area coverage. In this stage, the flexible grinding base 10, in conjunction with the conformal processing mechanism, performs full grinding on the entire surface of the workpiece at a low rotation speed, quickly removing the surface oxide scale and forging defects, and completing the large-mass roughing operation.

[0051] After entering the semi-finish grinding stage, the staff issues a command through the display controller 4 to control the micro air pump 21 to replenish air into the internal airbag seat 29. The internal airbag seat 29 gradually expands as the air pressure increases, and the support rigidity increases synchronously. This reduces the effective contact area between the surface abrasive grains 24 on the surface of the flexible grinding seat 10 and the forging workpiece. In this stage, the flexible grinding seat 10, in conjunction with the conformal processing mechanism, runs at a medium rotation speed to perform uniform semi-finish grinding on the workpiece surface, eliminating the work hardened layer and surface tool marks generated by rough grinding, and correcting the surface accuracy of the curved surface.

[0052] The same control logic is used in the fine grinding stage. The micro air pump 21 is controlled by the display controller 4 to continue to inflate the internal airbag seat 29. After the airbag expands further, the contact area between the surface abrasive grains 24 and the workpiece is further reduced, which can perform fine grinding on the curved surface of the workpiece and improve the surface finish. In this stage, the flexible grinding seat 10 works with the conformal processing mechanism to operate at a low speed to ensure that the surface quality after fine grinding meets the standards. After all grinding processes are completed, the display controller 4 controls the electric exhaust valve 20 on the mounting seat 18 to open, and the gas in the internal airbag seat 29 is quickly discharged and restored to the initial normal pressure state, thus completing the full-process progressive grinding process of the forging from rough to fine.

[0053] Please see the appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 7 A positive pressure protection mechanism is installed at the top of the processing chamber 1 to provide positive pressure protection against grinding dust during the grinding process of forging workpieces.

[0054] The positive pressure protection mechanism includes an inert gas box 6. An inert gas box 6 for storing inert gas is set at the top center of the processing chamber 1. A pressure gauge 8 is set at the front center of the inert gas box 6. A pressurizer 7 is set at the top of the inert gas box 6 to pressurize the inert gas inside and assist in its discharge. Multiple exhaust slots 17 are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the upright base 33. The inert gas inside the inert gas box 6 enters into the upright base 33 through the internal flow channel and is then discharged through the exhaust slots 17 on the upright base 33.

[0055] When the positive pressure protection mechanism is activated, during the entire grinding process in the processing chamber 12, the pressurizer 7 of the inert gas box 6 is activated to pressurize and transport the inert gas stored in the inert gas box 6. The pressurized inert gas is sent into the inner cavity of the vertical seat 33 along the internal flow channel of the equipment, and then evenly released into the processing chamber 12 through the exhaust groove 17 on the side wall of the vertical seat 33. This keeps the processing chamber 12 in a stable micro-positive pressure state. This micro-positive pressure environment can prevent air from the external environment from seeping into the processing chamber 12, avoiding the risk of combustion and explosion caused by oxygen contacting active metal dust. On the other hand, it can disperse the dust generated by grinding through continuous inert airflow, preventing the dust concentration in the local area around the workpiece from being too high, which would interfere with the grinding operation and equipment operation.

[0056] The positive pressure protection mechanism also includes a flame-retardant glass fiber felt 31. The inner wall of the treatment chamber 12 is covered with a flame-retardant glass fiber felt 31, and a flame-retardant pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 32 is provided on the outer surface of the flame-retardant glass fiber felt 31.

[0057] By combining micro-positive pressure airflow with wall capture, comprehensive dust control is achieved. During the grinding process, flying metal dust diffuses with the inert airflow discharged from the exhaust duct 17. When it comes into contact with the inner wall of the processing chamber 12, the flame-retardant pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 32 on the inner wall surface can directly adhere to large dust particles, while the flame-retardant glass fiber felt 31 on its inner side further traps micron-level fine powder through its three-dimensional porous fiber structure, preventing dust from rebounding back into the air inside the chamber after colliding with the wall surface. This effectively reduces the concentration of suspended dust in the chamber and reduces the possibility of dust escaping from the gaps in the chamber, thereby completing the safety protection and dust control of the entire forging grinding process.

[0058] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A forging surface adaptive grinding processing device, characterized in that, include, The processing chamber (1) has a processing cavity (12) for grinding forging workpieces. The processing cavity (12) is sealed by a glass sealing door (2) on the processing chamber (1) during use. The conformal processing mechanism is set in the processing chamber (12) and is used to perform conformal grinding processing on forging workpieces of different shapes during the processing. The targeted cooling mechanism is located in the processing chamber (12) and is used to perform targeted cooling treatment on the grinding position of the workpiece during the grinding process of the forging workpiece. The progressive grinding mechanism is set in the processing chamber (12) and is used to perform progressive grinding processing on different grinding stages of forging workpieces; A positive pressure protection mechanism is installed on the top of the processing chamber (1) to provide positive pressure protection for grinding dust during the grinding process of forging workpieces.

2. The adaptive grinding device for forging curved surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conformal processing mechanism includes a base (13), and the base (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the processing cavity (12). A bearing seat (11) is provided on the upper part of the base (13). A stepped positioning groove (16) for positioning and fixing the forging workpiece is opened at the top center of the bearing seat (11). Multiple spherical hinge seats (14) are arranged in a circular array on the surface of the adjacent side of the base (13) and the bearing seat (11). Multiple sets of servo electric push rods (15) are arranged in a circular array between the base (13) and the bearing seat (11). A pressure sensor is connected in series between the lower end of each set of servo electric push rods (15) and the bearing seat (11) to collect the contact reaction force in the corresponding direction. A three-axis attitude sensor is provided at the bottom center of the bearing seat (11).

3. The adaptive grinding device for forging curved surfaces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conformal processing mechanism also includes a vertical seat (33). Vertical seats (33) are provided on both sides of the middle part of the processing cavity (12). A moving groove (19) is provided on the upper middle part of the adjacent side of the vertical seat (33). An automatic moving seat (9) that can move up and down is provided between the two vertical seats (33). The corresponding position of the automatic moving seat (9) extends into the moving groove (19). A mounting seat (18) is provided at the middle of the bottom end of the automatic moving seat (9). A flexible grinding seat (10) is provided at the bottom of the mounting seat (18). A drive motor (5) that drives the mounting seat (18) is provided at the middle of the top end of the automatic moving seat (9).

4. The adaptive grinding device for forging curved surfaces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The targeted cooling mechanism includes an atomizing mixing chamber (26), and the top of the mounting base (18) is provided with an annular atomizing mixing chamber (26). A micro air pump (21) is provided in the middle of one side of the outer wall of the mounting base (18), a one-way liquid injection nozzle (3) is provided in the middle of the front side of the mounting base (18), and a central connecting seat (27) is provided in the middle of the atomizing mixing chamber (26).

5. The adaptive grinding device for forging curved surfaces according to claim 4, characterized in that, The targeted cooling mechanism also includes a central cavity (23). The central cavity (23) is opened in the middle of the bottom end of the flexible polishing seat (10). The bottom circumference of the flexible polishing seat (10) has multiple arc-shaped grooves (22). The inner wall of each arc-shaped groove (22) is provided with a hardened wall (25). The interior of the flexible polishing seat (10) is filled with sponge filler (30). The bottom circumference of the outer wall of the central connecting seat (27) has multiple flow channels (28) that communicate with the interior of the flexible polishing seat (10) and the interior of the central cavity (23).

6. The adaptive grinding device for forging curved surfaces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The progressive polishing mechanism includes an internal airbag seat (29). The flexible polishing seat (10) is equipped with an internal airbag seat (29) that is inflated by a micro air pump (21). An electric exhaust valve (20) for venting the gas inside the internal airbag seat (29) is provided in the middle of the other side of the outer wall of the mounting seat (18). Surface abrasive particles (24) are provided on the outer wall of the flexible polishing seat (10). A display controller (4) is provided on the upper middle side of the front end of the processing chamber (1).

7. The adaptive grinding device for forging curved surfaces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The positive pressure protection mechanism includes an inert gas box (6). An inert gas box (6) for storing inert gas is provided at the top center of the processing chamber (1). A pressure gauge (8) is provided at the front center of the inert gas box (6). A pressurizer (7) is provided at the top of the inert gas box (6) to pressurize and assist in the discharge of the inert gas inside. Multiple exhaust grooves (17) are provided at equal intervals on the outer wall of the vertical seat (33). The inert gas inside the inert gas box (6) enters into the vertical seat (33) through the internal flow channel and is then discharged through the exhaust grooves (17) on the vertical seat (33).

8. The adaptive grinding device for forging curved surfaces according to claim 7, characterized in that, The positive pressure protection mechanism also includes a flame-retardant glass fiber felt (31). The inner wall of the treatment chamber (12) is covered with a flame-retardant glass fiber felt (31), and a flame-retardant pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (32) is provided on the outer wall surface of the flame-retardant glass fiber felt (31).

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