A special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder

Abstract

The application discloses a special tool for polishing inner wall of a piston cylinder and relates to the technical field of machining.The tool comprises a cutter shaft, a chuck is arranged at the upper end of the cutter shaft, a supporting shaft is arranged at the lower end of the cutter shaft, and a cutter head is arranged on the supporting shaft; the cutter head comprises a polishing structure and an expansion and contraction adjusting structure, the polishing structure comprises a roller shaft, the expansion and contraction adjusting structure comprises a jacking rod, a sliding plate and an adjusting assembly, and the opposite surfaces of the jacking rod and the sliding plate are provided with inclined surface fitting structures.By driving the sliding plate to axially slide through the adjusting assembly, the jacking rod is pushed to radially extend through the inclined surface fitting, the roller shaft is synchronously expanded in the radial direction, and stepless adjustment of the polishing diameter is realized.The application solves the problems of the existing roller polishing tool, such as fixed size, single applicable specification and frequent replacement, has the advantages of compact structure, convenient adjustment, good expansion and contraction synchronism, strong polishing quality consistency and the like, and can be suitable for the polishing operation of the inner wall of the piston cylinder with different inner diameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder. Background Technology

[0002] Piston cylinders are core components of hydraulic cylinders, pneumatic cylinders, and engine blocks. The surface quality of their inner walls directly affects sealing performance, wear resistance, and working efficiency. To ensure high surface finish and dimensional accuracy of the piston cylinder inner walls, polishing is usually required after precision boring or honing to reduce surface roughness and remove machining marks.

[0003] Currently, the commonly used methods for polishing the inner wall of piston cylinders mainly include the following: First, grinding and polishing with sandpaper or abrasive wheels. Although this method can reduce surface roughness to a certain extent, the randomness of abrasive cutting can easily produce uneven scratches on the inner wall, and the high grinding temperature may affect the microstructure and hardness of the inner wall of the cylinder. Second, honing with honing strips. Although honing can achieve high dimensional and geometric accuracy, the honing efficiency is low, the honing strips wear out quickly, and the processing cost is high. Third, using a roller polishing tool to perform roller polishing on the inner wall. Roller polishing uses roller elements to apply a certain pressure to the metal surface, causing the surface metal to produce plastic flow, thereby reducing surface roughness and simultaneously improving surface hardness and wear resistance, achieving the dual effects of finishing and surface strengthening.

[0004] However, most existing roller burnishing tools have fixed-size structures, and the radial extension of their roller elements is either not adjustable or has a very limited adjustment range. A single tool set can only be used for piston cylinders of a single inner diameter. When machining piston cylinders with different inner diameters, different polishing tools or roller heads must be changed, increasing not only the number of tools and costs but also leading to extended production auxiliary time and low processing efficiency due to frequent tool changes. Furthermore, while some adjustable roller burnishing tools can adjust the polishing diameter within a certain range, their adjustment structures are complex and inconvenient to operate. Moreover, it is difficult to ensure synchronous expansion and contraction of the roller elements during adjustment, easily causing uneven polishing pressure distribution, which in turn affects the consistency of the inner wall polishing quality.

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, there is an urgent need to provide a special tool for polishing the inner wall of piston cylinders that is compact in structure, easy to adjust, and can adapt to different inner diameters, so as to overcome the shortcomings of existing fixed-size rolling polishing tools and improve polishing efficiency and processing quality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: A special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder includes a cutter shaft. The upper end of the cutter shaft is configured as a chuck for connection with a driving device, and the lower end of the cutter shaft is configured as a support shaft. A cutter head for polishing the inner wall of the piston cylinder is mounted on the support shaft. The cutter head includes a polishing structure disposed on the circumference of the support shaft and an expansion and contraction adjustment structure for adjusting the applicable size of the polishing structure. The polishing structure includes a roller for rolling polishing the inner wall of the piston cylinder. The expansion and contraction adjustment structure includes a push rod, a slide plate, and an adjustment component for driving the push rod and the slide plate to slide relative to each other. The push rod and the slide plate are disposed opposite each other, and the opposing surfaces of the push rod and the slide plate are configured as an inclined surface contact structure. The inclined surface contact structure is configured to increase the radial distance between the push rod and the slide plate when they slide away from each other, thereby driving the roller to expand radially.

[0008] Preferably, the support shaft has a plurality of fan-shaped plates arranged in a circular pattern on its circumference, and an installation groove is formed between adjacent fan-shaped plates, with the roller disposed in the installation groove.

[0009] Preferably, the upper part of the roller is provided with a slot, and a locking block is provided on the edge of the mounting groove corresponding to the position of the slot. The locking block is engaged in the slot to restrict the axial movement of the roller.

[0010] Preferably, a groove is provided on the circumference of the support shaft corresponding to the position of the expansion and contraction adjustment structure, the top rod and the slide plate are both disposed in the groove, and one end of the top rod extends out of the groove and abuts against the roller; the length of the top rod is the same as the length of the roller, and the top rod extends into the mounting groove.

[0011] Preferably, a blade sleeve is fixedly fitted on the blade shaft on the side of the sector plate near the chuck. The blade sleeve includes a sleeve body, and an adjusting sleeve is coaxially rotatably connected to the end of the sleeve body away from the sector plate. The end of the sleeve body near the sector plate is fixedly connected to the blade shaft, and the adjusting sleeve constitutes part of the adjusting assembly.

[0012] Preferably, a sliding sleeve is provided between the inner wall of the sleeve body away from the sector plate and the cutter shaft. The end of the sliding sleeve away from the sector plate is connected to the adjusting sleeve by a thread. The end of the sleeve body near the sector plate has a through hole corresponding to the slide plate. The slide plate passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, a connecting groove is provided on the circumference of the sleeve body at the end away from the sector plate, the adjusting sleeve includes an adjusting sleeve body, and a bearing connecting part is provided on the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve body at the end near the sector plate corresponding to the connecting groove, the bearing connecting part being embedded in the connecting groove to achieve a rotatable connection.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve body at the end away from the sector plate is provided with a threaded connection part for threaded connection with the sliding sleeve.

[0015] Preferably, the fan-shaped plate includes an arc-shaped plate body. A limiting plate is fixedly installed on the side of the plate body near the support shaft. A limiting groove is formed on the support shaft corresponding to the position of the limiting plate. The limiting plate is slidably fitted into the limiting groove. A tension groove is formed at the bottom of the limiting groove. A support plate is fixedly installed in the limiting groove corresponding to the position of the tension groove. A through hole is formed in the middle of the support plate. A pull rod is fixedly installed on the limiting plate corresponding to the position of the through hole of the support plate. The pull rod passes through the through hole of the support plate and extends into the tension groove. A baffle is fixedly installed at the end of the pull rod. A disc spring is provided between the baffle and the support plate.

[0016] Preferably, the axis of the roller is parallel to the axis of the support shaft, and the circumferential surface of the roller is configured as a continuous smooth cylindrical surface for roller polishing.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention incorporates a beveled push rod and a sliding plate within the polishing structure. An adjustment component drives their relative sliding, causing the push rod to extend radially outward under the influence of the bevel, thus expanding the rollers radially and achieving stepless adjustment of the polishing diameter. Simultaneously, multiple rollers move radially synchronously under the drive of the expansion and contraction adjustment structure, ensuring consistency in the extension amount of each roller and uniformly distributing the pressure applied to the piston cylinder's inner wall during polishing. Therefore, a single tool can be used for piston cylinders with various inner diameters, eliminating the need for frequent tool changes, significantly reducing tooling costs and production downtime, greatly improving polishing efficiency, and effectively ensuring the consistency and stability of the inner wall polishing quality. 2. This invention features a structure where the tool sleeve and the adjusting sleeve are coaxially rotatably connected. A sliding sleeve, threadedly engaged with the adjusting sleeve, is installed between the inner wall of the sleeve and the tool shaft. The operator only needs to screw on the adjusting sleeve to drive the sliding sleeve axially via threaded transmission, thereby moving the sliding plate axially and pushing the push rod radially outward through the inclined surface engagement. This adjustment method is simple in structure, reliable in transmission, and extremely convenient to operate. Furthermore, the threaded engagement has a self-locking characteristic, effectively preventing radial retraction of the roller due to vibration during polishing, ensuring the stability of the polishing dimensions. Simultaneously, a groove on the upper part of the roller engages with a locking block on the edge of the mounting groove, effectively limiting axial movement of the roller and further improving the safety and reliability of tool operation. 3. This invention incorporates a disc spring between the limiting plate and the support shaft of the sector plate, allowing the sector plate to automatically reset with the elastic restoring force of the disc spring when the roller retracts. This avoids the problem of the roller not retracting properly due to gaps or friction between components, ensuring the dimensional accuracy and responsiveness of the tool when switching to smaller diameter machining. Simultaneously, the bearing connection enables coaxial rotation between the adjusting sleeve and the sleeve body, making the transmission smoother and preventing jamming or stuckness during adjustment, thus improving the precision of the adjustment operation. 4. The present invention has a compact overall structure, with all components integrated on the cutter shaft and support shaft. It is small in size and light in weight. When in use, polishing can be performed simply by connecting the chuck to the drive device. It is suitable for mass production scenarios of large processing equipment, as well as for on-site maintenance or small batch processing of single pieces. It has a wide range of applications and strong versatility, and has significant social and economic benefits and broad prospects for promotion and application. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view structural schematic diagram of a special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of a special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder as described in this invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view along direction AA of a special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder as described in this invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a BB-direction sectional view of a special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a CC-direction sectional view of a special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder as described in this invention.

[0025] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows: 1. Cutter shaft; 2. Cutter sleeve; 21. Sleeve body; 22. Connecting groove; 23. Sliding sleeve; 3. Adjusting sleeve; 31. Adjusting sleeve body; 32. Threaded connection part; 33. Bearing connection part; 4. Support shaft; 5. Sector plate; 51. Plate body; 52. Clamping block; 53. Limiting plate; 6. Roller; 61. Shaft body; 62. Clamping groove; 7. Top plate; 8. Sliding groove; 9. Limiting groove; 10. Pull rod; 11. Slide plate; 12. Disc spring; 13. Baffle; 14. Tension groove; 15. Clamping head. Detailed Implementation

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood through the specific circumstances.

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figures 1 to 6As shown, this invention provides a special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder, including a cutter shaft 1. The upper end of the cutter shaft 1 is configured with a chuck 15 for connection to a drive device. The chuck 15 can adopt a standard collet structure for easy and quick connection to the output end of a drive device such as a drilling machine, machining center, or handheld electric drill. The lower end of the cutter shaft 1 is configured with a support shaft 4, which is coaxial with the cutter shaft 1 and preferably integrally formed to ensure sufficient structural strength and coaxiality. A cutter head for polishing the inner wall of the piston cylinder is mounted on the support shaft 4.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the cutting head includes a polishing structure disposed on the circumference of the support shaft 4 and an expansion and contraction adjustment structure for adjusting the applicable size of the polishing structure. The polishing structure includes a roller 6 for performing roll polishing on the inner wall of the piston cylinder. The axis of the roller 6 is parallel to the axis of the support shaft 4, and the circumferential surface of the roller 6 is set as a continuous and smooth cylindrical surface to form a uniform line contact or narrow surface contact with the inner wall of the piston cylinder during the roll polishing process, thereby achieving plastic roll finishing of the inner wall surface.

[0030] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of evenly distributed sector-shaped plates 5 arranged in a circle are provided on the circumference of the support shaft 4. Mounting grooves are formed between adjacent sector-shaped plates 5, and rollers 6 are correspondingly installed in each mounting groove. In this embodiment, there are eight sector-shaped plates 5 and eight rollers 6. The eight sector-shaped plates 5 are evenly distributed at equal angles along the circumference of the support shaft 4, and the eight rollers 6 are correspondingly evenly distributed along the circumference to ensure that the rolling pressure acting on the inner wall of the cylinder during polishing is uniform and consistent along the circumference. It should be noted that the number of sector-shaped plates 5 and rollers 6 is not limited to eight; it can also be set to three, four, five, or more as needed.

[0031] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, a groove 62 is provided on the upper part of the roller 6, and a locking block 52 is provided on the edge of the mounting groove corresponding to the position of the groove 62. The locking block 52 is engaged in the groove 62 to restrict the axial movement of the roller 6. Specifically, the groove 62 is an annular groove surrounding the upper circumference of the roller 6, and the locking block 52 is an arc-shaped protrusion protruding from the side wall of the mounting groove of the fan-shaped plate 5 into the mounting groove. After the locking block 52 is embedded in the groove 62, the roller 6 can rotate freely around its own axis, but is restricted from moving along its own axial direction, thereby maintaining the axial position stability of the roller 6 during the polishing process and preventing the roller 6 from falling out of the mounting groove.

[0032] like Figure 2 , Figure 4As shown, the expansion and contraction adjustment structure includes a push rod 7, a sliding plate 11, and an adjustment assembly for driving the push rod 7 and the sliding plate 11 to slide relative to each other. A groove 8 is provided on the circumference of the support shaft 4 corresponding to the position of the expansion and contraction adjustment structure. The groove 8 extends axially along the support shaft 4, and both the push rod 7 and the sliding plate 11 are disposed within the groove 8. The push rod 7 and the sliding plate 11 are arranged opposite each other along the axial direction of the support shaft 4, and the opposing surfaces of the push rod 7 and the sliding plate 11 are configured as inclined surfaces that fit together. This inclined surface fit structure increases the radial distance between the push rod 7 and the sliding plate 11 when they slide away from each other. Specifically, a first inclined surface is provided at the end of the push rod 7 near the sliding plate 11, and a second inclined surface with the same inclination as the first inclined surface and fitting together is provided at the end of the sliding plate 11 near the push rod 7. When the sliding plate 11 slides along the groove 8 towards the push rod 7, the push rod 7 is pushed outward radially under the action of the inclined surfaces. One end of the push rod 7 extends out of the groove 8 and rests against the roller 6. Preferably, the length of the push rod 7 is the same as the length of the roller 6, and the push rod 7 extends into the mounting groove, thereby providing uniform radial support force on the entire axial length of the roller 6 and preventing the roller 6 from bending and deforming under stress.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a tool sleeve 2, which is fixedly fitted onto the tool shaft 1, is provided on the side of the sector plate 5 near the chuck 15. The tool sleeve 2 includes a sleeve body 21, the end of which is fixedly connected to the tool shaft 1 near the sector plate 5. Specifically, the fixed connection can be achieved by key connection or interference fit to prevent relative rotation and sliding between the sleeve body 21 and the tool shaft 1. An adjusting sleeve 3 is coaxially rotatably connected to the end of the sleeve body 21 away from the sector plate 5. The adjusting sleeve 3 constitutes part of the aforementioned adjusting assembly.

[0034] like Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, a sliding sleeve 23 is provided between the inner wall of the sleeve 21 away from the sector plate 5 and the cutter shaft 1. The sliding sleeve 23 is sleeved on the cutter shaft 1 and can slide freely along the axial direction of the cutter shaft 1. The end of the sliding sleeve 23 away from the sector plate 5 is connected to the adjusting sleeve 3 by a thread. Specifically, the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve 3 is provided with an internal thread, and the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 23 is provided with an external thread that mates with the internal thread of the adjusting sleeve 3. When the operator screws the adjusting sleeve 3, since the adjusting sleeve 3 can only rotate relative to the sleeve 21 and cannot move axially, the sliding sleeve 23 slides along the axial direction of the cutter shaft 1 under the drive of the thread. The end of the sleeve 21 near the sector plate 5 has a through hole corresponding to the slide plate 11, and the slide plate 11 passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve 23. Thus, the axial sliding of the sliding sleeve 23 drives the slide plate 11 to slide axially synchronously.

[0035] like Figure 4As shown, a connecting groove 22 is formed on the circumference of the sleeve body 21 at the end away from the sector plate 5. The connecting groove 22 is an annular groove surrounding the outer wall of the sleeve body 21. The adjusting sleeve 3 includes an adjusting sleeve body 31. A bearing connecting part 33 is provided on the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve body 31 near the sector plate 5, corresponding to the connecting groove 22. The bearing connecting part 33 is embedded in the connecting groove 22 to achieve coaxial rotational connection between the adjusting sleeve 3 and the sleeve body 21. Specifically, the bearing connecting part 33 can adopt a structure of multiple ball bearings or sliding bearings, so that the adjusting sleeve 3 has low friction and smooth rotation when rotating relative to the sleeve body 21. A threaded connecting part 32 for threaded connection with the sliding sleeve 23 is provided on the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve body 31 at the end away from the sector plate 5, that is, the aforementioned internal thread structure.

[0036] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the sector plate 5 includes an arc-shaped plate body 51. A gap is left between the outer arc surface of the plate body 51 and the inner wall of the piston cylinder to ensure that the roller 6 can protrude from the outer arc surface of the plate body 51 and contact the inner wall of the cylinder. A limiting plate 53 is fixedly installed on the side of the plate body 51 near the support shaft 4. A limiting groove 9 is opened on the support shaft 4 at the position corresponding to the limiting plate 53. The limiting plate 53 is slidably locked in the limiting groove 9, so that the sector plate 5 can only slide radially along the support shaft 4 and cannot move axially or circumferentially, thereby ensuring the precise movement direction of each sector plate 5 during the expansion and contraction adjustment process.

[0037] A tension groove 14 is formed at the bottom of the limiting groove 9, and the diameter of the tension groove 14 is smaller than the diameter of the limiting groove 9. A support plate is fixedly installed in the limiting groove 9 at the position corresponding to the tension groove 14. The support plate has an annular plate structure with a through hole in the middle. A pull rod 10 is fixedly installed on the limiting plate 53 at the position corresponding to the through hole of the support plate. The pull rod 10 extends radially along the support shaft 4, passes through the through hole of the support plate, and extends into the tension groove 14. A baffle 13 is fixedly installed at the end of the pull rod 10. The baffle 13 is located in the tension groove 14 and its outer diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole of the support plate to prevent the pull rod 10 from coming out. A disc spring 12 is provided between the baffle 13 and the support plate, and the disc spring 12 is sleeved on the pull rod 10. When the sector plate 5 moves radially outward during expansion and contraction adjustment, the pull rod 10 drives the baffle 13 to compress the disc spring 12; when the roller 6 needs to retract and reset, the elastic restoring force of the disc spring 12 pushes the baffle 13 and the pull rod 10 to move towards the axis of the support shaft 4, thereby causing the sector plate 5 to automatically reset.

[0038] like Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the working principle of the present invention will be explained in detail below: Before using this tool, the operator sets the polishing diameter by rotating the adjusting sleeve 3 according to the inner diameter of the piston cylinder to be processed. Specifically, when turning the adjusting sleeve 3, since the adjusting sleeve 3 is engaged in the connecting groove 22 of the sleeve body 21 through the bearing connection part 33, the adjusting sleeve 3 can only rotate around the axis of the cutter shaft 1 and will not move axially. When the adjusting sleeve 3 rotates, the threaded connection part 32 on its inner wall engages with the threaded part on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 23, driving the sliding sleeve 23 to slide axially along the cutter shaft 1. When the sliding sleeve 23 slides, it drives the slide plate 11, which is fixedly connected to it, to move axially synchronously. The axial movement of the slide plate 11 is converted into the radial outward extension movement of the push rod 7 along the support shaft 4 by the engagement of the inclined surface at its end with the inclined surface at the end of the push rod 7. When the push rod 7 extends, it pushes the roller 6 to expand radially outward. Since all the sector plates 5 and rollers 6 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the support shaft 4, each roller 6 expands outward with the same radial displacement under the synchronous push of the push rod 7, thereby realizing stepless adjustment of the polishing diameter.

[0039] During the radial expansion of the roller 6, the roller 6 maintains axial position stability through the cooperation of the locking block 52 and the locking groove 62. At the same time, each sector plate 5 moves radially outward along with the roller 6. The limiting plate 53 of the sector plate 5 slides along the limiting groove 9. The limiting plate 53 drives the pull rod 10 and the baffle 13 to compress the disc spring 12.

[0040] After adjustment, insert the chuck 15 into the drive device (such as a drill spindle or a hand-held electric drill), start the drive device to rotate the cutter shaft 1, and insert the tool into the inner hole of the piston cylinder to be machined. The outer circumferential surface of the roller 6 contacts the inner wall of the piston cylinder, and the inner wall is rolled and polished under the action of rotation. During the polishing process, due to the self-locking characteristic of the threaded connection of the adjusting sleeve 3, even if it is subjected to vibration, the sliding sleeve 23 will not undergo accidental axial displacement, thereby ensuring that the radial extension of the roller 6 remains stable during the polishing process. During the polishing process, after the disc spring 12 is compressed, it continuously applies an elastic force towards the axis to the sector plate 5. This elastic force keeps the roller 6 tightly fitted to the end of the push rod 7, eliminating the fit clearance between the components and ensuring the accuracy of the extension of the roller 6.

[0041] When it is necessary to replace the piston cylinder with one of different inner diameters for polishing, turn the adjusting sleeve 3 in the opposite direction, and the sliding sleeve 23 slides in the opposite direction. The sliding plate 11 drives the push rod 7 to retract radially inward through the inclined surface. At the same time, the disc spring 12 releases its elastic force, pushing the fan-shaped plate 5 and the roller 6 to automatically reset towards the axis, thereby reducing the polishing diameter. Then, follow the above steps to perform new adjustments and polishing operations.

[0042] Regarding the materials of each component, the cutter shaft 1, support shaft 4, sector plate 5, push rod 7, slide plate 11, and adjusting sleeve 3 are preferably made of alloy tool steel and are hardened to obtain sufficient hardness and wear resistance; the roller 6 is preferably made of bearing steel (such as GCr15), and its outer circumferential surface is finely ground and polished, with a surface roughness of no more than Ra0.2μm, to ensure the surface quality of the piston cylinder inner wall after polishing; the disc spring 12 is preferably made of spring steel to ensure sufficient fatigue life and elastic recovery force.

[0043] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder, comprising a cutter shaft (1), the upper end of which is configured as a chuck (15) for connection with a driving device, and the lower end of which is configured as a support shaft (4), wherein a cutter head for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder is mounted on the support shaft (4); characterized in that: The cutting head includes a polishing structure disposed on the circumference of the support shaft (4) and an expansion and contraction adjustment structure for adjusting the applicable size of the polishing structure. The polishing structure includes a roller (6) for rolling polishing the inner wall of the piston cylinder. The expansion and contraction adjustment structure includes a push rod (7), a slide plate (11), and an adjustment component for driving the push rod (7) and the slide plate (11) to slide relative to each other. The push rod (7) and the slide plate (11) are disposed opposite to each other, and the opposite surfaces of the push rod (7) and the slide plate (11) are configured as a beveled contact structure. The beveled contact structure is configured to increase the radial distance between the push rod (7) and the slide plate (11) when they slide relative to each other to drive the roller (6) to expand radially.

2. The special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support shaft (4) has several fan-shaped plates (5) arranged in a circular pattern on its circumference. An installation groove is formed between adjacent fan-shaped plates (5), and the roller (6) is disposed in the installation groove.

3. The special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper part of the roller (6) is provided with a slot (62), and a locking block (52) is provided on the edge of the mounting groove corresponding to the position of the slot (62). The locking block (52) is inserted into the slot (62) to restrict the axial movement of the roller (6).

4. A special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: A groove (8) is provided on the circumference of the support shaft (4) corresponding to the position of the expansion and contraction adjustment structure. The top rod (7) and the slide plate (11) are both set in the groove (8), and one end of the top rod (7) extends out of the groove (8) and abuts against the roller (6). The length of the top rod (7) is the same as the length of the roller (6), and the top rod (7) extends into the mounting groove.

5. A special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fan-shaped plate (5) is provided with a blade sleeve (2) fixedly mounted on the blade shaft (1) on the side near the chuck (15). The blade sleeve (2) includes a sleeve body (21). An adjusting sleeve (3) is coaxially rotatably connected to the end of the sleeve body (21) away from the fan-shaped plate (5). The end of the sleeve body (21) near the fan-shaped plate (5) is fixedly connected to the blade shaft (1). The adjusting sleeve (3) constitutes part of the adjusting assembly.

6. A special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sliding sleeve (23) is provided between the inner wall of the sleeve (21) away from the sector plate (5) and the cutter shaft (1). The end of the sliding sleeve (23) away from the sector plate (5) is connected to the adjusting sleeve (3) by a thread. The end of the sleeve (21) close to the sector plate (5) has a through hole corresponding to the slide plate (11). The slide plate (11) passes through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve (23).

7. A special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sleeve (21) has a connecting groove (22) on the circumference of the end away from the sector plate (5). The adjusting sleeve (3) includes an adjusting sleeve body (31). The inner wall of the adjusting sleeve body (31) near the end of the sector plate (5) is provided with a bearing connecting part (33) corresponding to the connecting groove (22). The bearing connecting part (33) is embedded in the connecting groove (22) to achieve a rotating connection.

8. A special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the adjusting sleeve body (31) away from the sector plate (5) is provided with a threaded connection part (32) for threaded connection with the sliding sleeve (23).

9. A special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fan-shaped plate (5) includes an arc-shaped plate body (51). A limiting plate (53) is fixedly installed on the side of the plate body (51) near the support shaft (4). A limiting groove (9) is opened on the support shaft (4) corresponding to the position of the limiting plate (53). The limiting plate (53) is slidably fitted into the limiting groove (9). A tension groove (14) is opened at the bottom of the limiting groove (9). A support plate is fixedly installed in the limiting groove (9) corresponding to the position of the tension groove (14). A through hole is opened in the middle of the support plate. A pull rod (10) is fixedly installed on the limiting plate (53) corresponding to the position of the through hole of the support plate. The pull rod (10) passes through the through hole of the support plate and extends into the tension groove (14). A baffle (13) is fixedly installed at the end of the pull rod (10). A disc spring (12) is provided between the baffle (13) and the support plate.

10. A special tool for polishing the inner wall of a piston cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of the roller (6) is parallel to the axis of the support shaft (4), and the circumferential surface of the roller (6) is configured as a continuous smooth cylindrical surface for rolling polishing.

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