A nailing device based on screw drive slot pre-positioning

Abstract

The present application relates to screw assembly technical field, disclose a kind of based on screw drive slot pre-positioning nailing device, including gun head and gun body, gun head includes suction assembly, batch head and negative pressure passage, further including batch head axial positioning structure and suction axial adjusting structure.Batch head axial positioning structure is used to limit the axial movement of batch head relative to gun body, and suction axial adjusting structure is used to adjust the axial position of suction assembly relative to gun body, so that the front end of batch head protrudes from suction end surface.When suction end surface is combined with screw head to form negative pressure suction, the front end of batch head extends into screw drive slot and forms axial gap with slot bottom, and the attitude change of screw relative to suction assembly is limited by the cooperation of batch head and drive slot, to improve the attitude stability in the process of screw picking, transferring and nailing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of screw assembly technology, and more specifically to a nail-driving device based on pre-positioning of a screw drive slot. Background Technology

[0002] In automated assembly processes, screws are typically delivered to the assembly position using a screw feeder and screw-driving device, and then driven into the corresponding mounting hole by a screwdriver bit. For screw-driving devices that use negative pressure to attract screws, an attraction structure is usually set at the front end of the gun head. The attraction structure forms an attraction area through its interaction with the top surface or outer periphery of the screw head, and negative pressure is used to hold the screw at the front end of the gun head.

[0003] Some existing adsorption structures achieve a dimensional fit between their inner hole or outer shape and the screw head, enabling the screw to maintain a certain axial positional relationship in the initial pickup state. However, negative pressure adsorption is mainly used to maintain the adsorption state between the screw and the gun head. Its constraint capability is easily affected by factors such as the contact area, friction state, and the initial posture of the screw, as well as the displacement of the screw along the direction perpendicular to its axis and the tilting posture of the screw.

[0004] Especially during high-speed movement, start-stop, or reversal of the gun head by robots or three-axis moving mechanisms, the screw may experience lateral displacement relative to the adsorption structure due to inertia. Although the screw can still be held in place by negative pressure and not fall off, its position relative to the gun head has changed, which can easily cause positional deviation between the screw and the target hole, affecting subsequent insertion and tightening.

[0005] In some assembly scenarios, the available space around the screw is limited. To avoid interference between the gun tip and surrounding structures as it approaches the installation location, the dimensions of the suction structure at the front end of the gun tip are restricted, making it difficult to further improve the screw's attitude stability by increasing the coverage area of ​​the screw head. In such cases, even small positional changes in the screw during pickup and transfer can have a significant impact on subsequent insertion into the hole.

[0006] Furthermore, in nail-driving devices that supply screws via a blow-feed method, the screw's threaded portion is typically temporarily held by a clamping structure after it reaches the front of the nozzle. When the screw's axial length is short, the available length of the threaded portion for clamping decreases accordingly, reducing the screw's ergonomic stability in the clamped state, and making the screw head prone to tilting relative to the nozzle axis. In this state, when the nozzle tip directly mates with the screw head, poor mating, jamming, or further screw deviation may occur.

[0007] For manually operated nailing devices, it is also possible for the screw to be attracted by negative pressure, but its axis may be tilted relative to the gun head axis. Since the negative pressure state mainly reflects whether the screw is held by the gun head, but cannot guarantee that the screw is always in a suitable position for insertion into the hole, difficulties in insertion, misalignment, or nailing failure may still occur when aligning with the mounting hole and tightening it.

[0008] Therefore, existing nailing devices that use negative pressure to adsorb screws still have problems such as lateral displacement or tilting of the screw relative to the gun head and insufficient screw posture stability under conditions such as high-speed transfer, limited installation space, insufficient clamping length of short screws, or manual operation, which affect the stability of screw insertion into the hole and subsequent tightening process. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a nailing device based on screw drive groove pre-positioning, so as to improve the problem that when using negative pressure to adsorb screws, the screws are prone to lateral displacement or tilting relative to the gun head during the picking, transfer or docking process, which affects the stability of screw insertion into the hole and subsequent tightening.

[0010] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A nail-driving device based on screw drive groove pre-positioning includes a gun head and a gun body. The gun head includes an adsorption assembly, a screwdriver bit, and a negative pressure channel. The adsorption assembly is disposed at the front end of the gun head and has an adsorption end face for engaging with the screw head. The screwdriver bit is disposed along the axial direction of the adsorption assembly. The negative pressure channel communicates with the front end of the adsorption assembly to form a negative pressure adsorption between the adsorption assembly and the screw head. The device is characterized in that... It also includes: a bit axial positioning structure and a suction axial adjustment structure. The bit axial positioning structure is used to limit the axial movement of the bit relative to the gun body; The adsorption axial adjustment structure is used to adjust and set the axial position of the adsorption component relative to the gun body, so that the front end of the bit protrudes relative to the adsorption end face in the direction toward the screw. When the adsorption end face is in contact with the screw head to form a negative pressure adsorption state, the front end of the bit extends into the drive groove of the screw and forms an axial gap with the bottom of the drive groove, so as to limit the change of the screw's posture relative to the adsorption assembly through the cooperation between the bit and the drive groove.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the axial movement of the screwdriver bit relative to the gun body is limited by the axial positioning structure of the bit, and the axial position of the adsorption component is set by the adsorption axial adjustment structure, so that the tip of the bit protrudes from the adsorption end face. When the adsorption end face forms a negative pressure adsorption with the screw head, the bit has already inserted into the screw drive groove and maintains an axial gap with the bottom of the groove. Therefore, the cooperation between the bit and the drive groove can limit the lateral displacement and tilting of the screw, while avoiding the bit hitting the bottom of the groove and affecting the fit and seal between the adsorption end face and the screw head, so that the pre-positioning of the screw drive groove and the negative pressure adsorption can be achieved simultaneously.

[0012] Further configuration: The axial positioning structure of the bit includes a transition member and a bearing. The transition member is disposed between the bit and the gun body. The bit is fixedly connected to the transition member. The transition member is mounted on the gun body via the bearing. The bearing is used to limit the axial movement of the transition member relative to the gun body.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, by fixing the bit to the transition piece and mounting the transition piece to the gun body via a bearing, and restricting the axial movement of the transition piece relative to the gun body by the bearing, the bit can establish an axial positioning relationship with the gun body via the transition piece, reducing the unexpected axial movement of the bit caused by the connection gap, and providing an axial positioning basis for the bit tip to form a stable protruding position relative to the adsorption end face.

[0014] Further configuration: The bit and the transition piece are connected by a thread to define the axial mounting position of the bit relative to the transition piece.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the bit is connected to the transition piece by threads, which can accurately limit the axial installation position of the bit relative to the transition piece while achieving a fixed connection of the bit. This ensures that the position of the bit tip has good repeatability and provides a structural basis for controlling the depth of the bit entering the drive groove.

[0016] Further configuration: The adsorption axial adjustment structure includes at least one shim disposed between the adsorption component and the gun head, and the axial position of the adsorption component relative to the gun body is adjusted by changing the thickness and / or number of the shims.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting a shim between the adsorption component and the gun head, and by adjusting the axial position of the adsorption component by changing the thickness and / or number of the shims, the protrusion degree of the bit relative to the adsorption end face can be adjusted for different screw head sizes and drive groove depths, thereby improving the adaptability of the nailing device to different screw sizes.

[0018] Further configuration: The adsorption assembly includes a vacuum tube disposed along the outer periphery of the bit, the adsorption end face is formed at the front end of the vacuum tube, the negative pressure channel is formed between the inner wall of the vacuum tube and the bit, and the inner wall at the front end of the vacuum tube is provided with a vent hole communicating with the negative pressure channel, the vent hole communicating with the negative pressure area inside the adsorption end face.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, a negative pressure channel is formed between the inner wall of the vacuum tube and the bit, and the negative pressure is transmitted to the negative pressure area inside the adsorption end face by using the vent holes on the inner wall of the front end of the vacuum tube. Even when the bit occupies the center position of the vacuum tube, a stable negative pressure adsorption path can still be established, so that the bit prepositioning structure and the negative pressure adsorption structure can be set up in concert at the front end of the gun head.

[0020] Further configuration: The gun body includes a rotary drive assembly for driving the bit to rotate around its own axis, wherein the bit engages with the drive groove of the screw in the rotating state so that the bit enters the drive groove.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the bit is driven to rotate around its own axis by the rotary drive assembly, so that the bit gradually reaches the mating position with the screw drive groove during the rotation process. This can reduce the impact of the initial circumferential position inconsistency between the bit and the drive groove on the docking process and improve the adaptability of the bit to enter the drive groove.

[0022] Further configuration: It also includes a screw retaining assembly, which is used to clamp the threaded portion of the screw before the adsorption assembly adsorbs the screw. The bit enters the drive groove of the screw held by the screw retaining assembly in the rotating state and guides the screw during the process of entering the drive groove.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the screw thread is temporarily clamped by the screw holding component, and the rotating bit enters the drive groove to guide the screw. Even if a short screw tilts due to insufficient effective clamping length, the screw posture can still be adjusted before adsorption, reducing the possibility of jamming or misalignment when the adsorption component docks with the tilted screw head.

[0024] Further configuration: The front end of the adsorption component is provided with a covering part for at least partially covering the outer periphery of the screw head. When the bit is inserted into the drive groove, the screw head is constrained by the posture of the covering part and the bit.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the outer periphery of the screw head is constrained by the covering part, and the screw drive groove is constrained by the bit. The screw head is simultaneously constrained by the outer covering and the inner drive groove, which can further limit the tilt and lateral displacement of the screw. It is especially suitable for working conditions where the initial posture stability of the screw is low during manual operation.

[0026] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention prepositions the screwdriver bit, originally intended for subsequent screw tightening, into the drive groove for pre-positioning during the screw pickup or mating stage. Through a structural combination of bit axial position limitation, adsorption component axial position adjustment, and a gap between the bit and the bottom of the drive groove, the screw receives additional posture constraint while maintaining negative pressure adsorption. This improves the posture stability of screws during pickup, transfer, mating, and insertion in various applications, including automatic pickup, automatic blowing, and manual nailing, reducing mating anomalies and nailing failures caused by lateral offset or tilting of the screw. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the nail-driving device based on screw drive groove pre-positioning according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the axial structure at the gun head of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a magnified view of a portion of the structure of the screwdriver bit and screw drive groove when they are pre-positioned according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the air vent in this invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of Embodiment 1 when applied to an automatic pickup actuator; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of Embodiment 2 when applied to an automatic blowing actuator; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure when Example 3 is applied to a manual actuator; In the diagram, 1. Gun body; 2. Gun head; 3. Screw; 31. Drive groove; 4. Screw bit; 5. Transition piece; 6. Gasket; 7. Vacuum tube; 71. Covering part; 8. Negative pressure channel; 9. Screw retaining assembly; 10. Vent hole. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a nailing device based on pre-positioning of screw drive groove 31, including a gun head 2 and a gun body 1. The gun head 2 includes an adsorption component, a bit 4 and a negative pressure channel 8, and is provided with an axial positioning structure for the bit 4 and an axial adjustment structure for adsorption.

[0030] The adsorption component is located at the front end of the nozzle 2 and has an adsorption end face for engaging with the screw head. The screwdriver bit 4 is arranged along the axial direction of the adsorption component. The negative pressure channel 8 is connected to the front end of the adsorption component. When the adsorption end face is in contact with the screw head, a negative pressure adsorption can be formed between the adsorption component and the screw head to hold the screw 3 at the front end of the nozzle 2.

[0031] In addition to transmitting rotational torque to the screw 3 during the nailing process, the bit 4 in this invention also engages with the drive groove 31 on the screw head before the screw 3 enters the target hole, thereby pre-positioning the screw 3 by utilizing the geometric constraints between the bit 4 and the drive groove 31.

[0032] In existing nail-driving devices that use negative pressure adsorption screws 3, negative pressure adsorption is mainly used to keep the screw 3 at the front end of the adsorption component. For structures where end-face adsorption between the screw head and the adsorption component is achieved solely through the top surface of the screw head, the lateral constraint on the screw 3 mainly comes from the friction between the contact surfaces.

[0033] When the gun head 2 moves, accelerates, decelerates, or reverses direction with the robot, three-axis module, or other motion mechanism, the screw 3 may move laterally relative to the adsorption assembly due to inertia. In relevant applications, when relying solely on top surface adsorption, the screw 3 may experience a positional shift of approximately 0.3 to 0.5 mm.

[0034] This invention allows the bit 4 to extend into the drive groove 31 of the screw 3 before the screw 3 actually enters the target hole. When the screw 3 tends to move laterally or tilts, the groove wall of the drive groove 31 can form a geometric constraint with the bit 4, thereby limiting the attitude change of the screw 3 relative to the adsorption assembly.

[0035] Therefore, when the screw 3 is held in the holding state, the negative pressure adsorption is mainly used to maintain the axial connection between the screw 3 and the adsorption component, while the engagement between the bit 4 and the drive groove 31 further restricts the lateral position and tilting posture of the screw 3.

[0036] However, in order to ensure that the bit 4 enters the drive groove 31 in advance during the adsorption stage, it is also necessary to solve the problem of matching the insertion depth of the bit 4 with the seal of the adsorption end face.

[0037] This invention establishes the axial positional relationship between the front end of the bit 4 and the adsorption end face through the axial positioning structure of the bit 4 and the adsorption axial adjustment structure.

[0038] The axial positioning structure of the bit 4 is used to limit the axial movement of the bit 4 relative to the gun body 1, so that the front end of the bit 4 can maintain a predetermined axial position; the adsorption axial adjustment structure is used to adjust and set the axial position of the adsorption component relative to the gun body 1.

[0039] Thus, the bit 4 and the adsorption assembly establish axial position references with the gun body 1 through their respective installation relationships, and finally determine the degree of protrusion of the front end of the bit 4 relative to the adsorption end face.

[0040] In one specific structure, the axial positioning structure of the bit 4 includes a transition member 5 and a bearing 11, with the transition member 5 disposed between the bit 4 and the gun body 1. The bit 4 and the transition member 5 are fixedly connected; specifically, the bit 4 and the transition member 5 are connected by threads to define the axial installation position of the bit 4 relative to the transition member 5.

[0041] The transition piece 5 is mounted to the gun body 1 via a bearing 11. The bearing 11 provides axial support for the transition piece 5, thereby limiting its axial movement relative to the gun body 1. Since the axial relative position between the bit 4 and the transition piece 5 is determined by their fixed connection, axially supporting the transition piece 5 via the bearing 11 further restricts any unintended axial movement of the bit 4 relative to the gun body 1, ensuring a relatively stable axial position for the tip of the bit 4 relative to the gun body 1.

[0042] In traditional bit connection structures, bits 4 can be connected using methods such as steel balls. In such structures, bits 4 may have an axial movement of approximately 2mm. When bits 4 need to enter the drive groove 31 before the adsorption screw 3 or during adsorption, if the axial position of bits 4 changes significantly, it becomes difficult to stably control the position of bits 4 relative to the front end of the adsorption assembly.

[0043] The present invention reduces the aforementioned unexpected axial position changes through the axial positioning structure of bit 4, thereby establishing a relatively stable axial position reference for the front end of bit 4.

[0044] The adsorption axial adjustment structure includes at least one shim 6 disposed between the adsorption component and the gun head 2. By using shims 6 of different thicknesses or changing the number of shims 6, the axial mounting position of the adsorption component relative to the gun body 1 can be changed.

[0045] Therefore, after the axial position of the bit 4 is determined, the position of the adsorption end face relative to the front end of the bit 4 can be further adjusted by adjusting the position of the adsorption component, so that the front end of the bit 4 protrudes from the adsorption end face in the direction toward the screw 3 to be adsorbed.

[0046] The position of the vacuum tube 7 is adjusted by using a precision shim 6. In essence, this means that, based on the already determined position of the bit 4, the protrusion of the front end of the bit 4 relative to the front end face of the vacuum tube 7 is set by adjusting the installation position of the vacuum tube 7.

[0047] The present invention does not require the above-mentioned protrusion degree to be a fixed value, and it can be adjusted according to the screw head size of the adapted screw 3, the depth of the drive groove 31 and related assembly dimensions.

[0048] After the above axial position adjustment is completed, when the gun head 2 approaches the screw 3 to be adsorbed along the screw 3 axis, the front end of the bit 4 protrudes from the adsorption end face, so the bit 4 can enter the drive groove 31 on the screw head first.

[0049] Subsequently, the gun head 2 continues to move closer to the screw until the suction end face is in contact with the screw head.

[0050] When the adsorption end face is in contact with the screw head to form a negative pressure adsorption state, the bit 4 has already extended into the drive groove 31, but an axial gap is still formed between the front end of the bit 4 and the bottom of the drive groove 31.

[0051] Therefore, the bit 4 and the adsorption component form two sets of constraints that cooperate with each other but have different functions: The bit 4, in conjunction with the drive slot 31, is mainly used to limit the lateral displacement and tilting posture of the screw; The adsorption end face, by fitting against the screw head, is mainly used to form a negative pressure seal and retain the screw.

[0052] The reason for setting the above axial clearance is that if the front end of the bit 4 abuts against the bottom of the drive groove 31 before the adsorption end face fully contacts the screw head, then the front end of the bit 4 and the bottom of the drive groove 31 will first form an axial contact relationship.

[0053] At this point, an axial position reference is formed between the bit 4 and the bottom of the groove, while another axial contact reference needs to be formed between the adsorption end face and the screw head.

[0054] Since there may be manufacturing and assembly deviations in the depth of the screw drive groove 31, the axial dimension of the bit 4, the size of the adsorption assembly, and the various installation positions, if the bit 4 directly uses the bottom of the groove as the axial limiting surface, the gun head 2 may not be able to move closer before the adsorption end face is fully in contact with the screw head, thus forming a gap between the adsorption end face and the screw head, affecting the negative pressure seal.

[0055] The bit 4 needs to enter the drive groove 31 as much as possible to achieve a positioning effect, but it cannot be completely pressed against the bottom of the drive groove 31. Otherwise, the adsorption end face and the screw head may not be reliably fitted together and form a negative pressure seal.

[0056] Therefore, the present invention determines the protruding position of the bit 4 relative to the adsorption end face by two dimensional chains: "axial position limitation of bit 4" and "axial position adjustment of adsorption component". This allows the bit 4 to both extend into the drive groove 31 and form an effective posture constraint, and maintain an axial gap with the bottom of the drive groove 31 when the adsorption end face is in contact with the screw head.

[0057] On the bit side, the gun body 1, bearing 11, bit connecting rod 5, and bit 4 are sequentially established in an axial positional relationship. The bearing 11 restricts the axial movement of the bit connecting rod 5 relative to the gun body 1. The bit 4 and bit connecting rod 5 are fixedly connected to determine their relative axial position, thus forming an axial positioning chain for the bit 4 relative to the gun body 1. On the adsorption assembly side, the axial installation position of the vacuum tube 7 relative to the gun head 2 and gun body 1 is adjusted by the shim 6, thus forming an axial position adjustment chain for the adsorption end face relative to the gun body 1. These two axial position chains together determine the degree of protrusion of the bit 4's front end relative to the adsorption end face.

[0058] This achieves the fit between the pre-positioning of the screw drive groove 31 and the negative pressure seal of the screw head end face.

[0059] In one specific structure, the adsorption assembly includes a vacuum tube 7 disposed along the outer periphery of the bit 4, with an adsorption end face formed at the front end of the vacuum tube 7.

[0060] A negative pressure channel 8 is formed between the inner wall of the vacuum tube 7 and the bit 4. The inner wall of the front end of the vacuum tube 7 is provided with a vent hole 10 that communicates with the negative pressure channel 8. The vent hole 10 is connected to the negative pressure area formed on the inner side of the adsorption end face.

[0061] When the screw is being sucked up, the adsorption end face is in contact with the top surface of the screw head. An external negative pressure source sucks up the inner area of ​​the adsorption end face through the negative pressure channel 8 and the vent hole 10, thereby keeping the screw head at the adsorption end face.

[0062] The center position corresponding to bit 4 is a closed structure, so the negative pressure is guided to the space between the screw head and the vacuum tube 7 through the ventilated structure set on the side to form the required negative pressure adsorption.

[0063] Based on the above common structure and working mechanism, the present invention can be applied to automatic pickup actuators, automatic blowing actuators and manual actuators, respectively forming the following embodiments.

[0064] Example 1:

[0065] This embodiment corresponds to an automatic pick-up nailing device. In the application of the automatic pick-up actuator, the screw is initially located on the receiving table or the corresponding pick-up position. The gun body 1 can be installed on a robot, a three-axis moving module, or other automatic moving mechanism, and the corresponding moving mechanism drives the gun head 2 to move to the position where the screw is to be picked up.

[0066] The screw has a predetermined initial posture at the receiving position. The nozzle 2 approaches the screw along the screw axis. Since the front end of the bit 4 protrudes from the adsorption end face of the adsorption assembly, the bit 4 first enters the drive groove 31 on the screw head before the adsorption end face comes into contact with the top surface of the screw head.

[0067] The nozzle 2 continues to move closer to the screw until the adsorption end face is in contact with the top surface of the screw head. At this time, the negative pressure source forms a negative pressure at the front end of the adsorption assembly through the negative pressure channel 8 and the vent hole 10, causing the screw head to be adsorbed onto the adsorption end face.

[0068] Under the aforementioned negative pressure adsorption state, the bit 4 has been inserted into the drive groove 31 of the screw, and there is still an axial gap between the front end of the bit 4 and the bottom of the drive groove 31.

[0069] In traditional top-suction pickup structures, after the screw is attracted, its relative position to the suction component is mainly maintained by the axial suction effect generated by negative pressure and the friction between the contact surfaces. When the gun head 2 moves at high speed, accelerates, decelerates, or changes direction of motion under the drive of a robot or a three-axis motion module, the screw may undergo lateral displacement relative to the suction component due to inertia.

[0070] In this embodiment, the screwdriver bit 4 is already located within the drive groove 31 when the screw is attracted. When the screw is subjected to a lateral inertial force, the groove wall of the screw drive groove 31 constrains the screwdriver bit 4, thereby limiting the lateral movement of the screw relative to the attraction assembly.

[0071] Therefore, the negative pressure adsorption is mainly used to prevent the screw from falling off the gun head 2, while the cooperation between the bit 4 and the drive groove 31 is further used to maintain the screw's posture relative to the gun head 2.

[0072] When the screw is held in place by the friction of the negative pressure generated by the vacuum generator, the screw is prone to displacement relative to the suction head during the horizontal movement of the nozzle 2. After the bit 4 enters the screw drive groove 31, the translation of the screw head can be restricted by the bit 4, thereby improving the stability of subsequent nailing.

[0073] After the screw is moved to the installation position by the screwdriver head 2, the screw is aligned with the target threaded hole, and the screw is driven to rotate by the screwdriver bit 4, thereby completing the screw screwing and tightening.

[0074] In this embodiment, the bit 4 thus has two working stages: in the picking and handling stage, the bit 4 cooperates with the drive groove 31 to pre-position the screw and limit the lateral displacement of the screw; in the nailing stage, the bit 4 further transmits rotational torque to the screw to complete the screw tightening.

[0075] Example 2:

[0076] This embodiment corresponds to an automatic blow-feed nailing device. Unlike the application of automatic pick-up actuators, in this embodiment, the screws are not picked up directly from the receiving table by the gun head 2, but are blown to the screw holding assembly 9 in front of the gun head 2 through the nail feeding pipeline or the corresponding conveying channel.

[0077] The screw retaining assembly 9 is used to retain the screw before it is attracted by the adsorption assembly. Specifically, the screw retaining assembly 9 may include clamps for gripping the threaded portion of the screw.

[0078] For screws with a long axial length, the clamps can hold the longer threaded portion, thus allowing the screw to achieve a more stable initial positioning.

[0079] For screws with shorter axial lengths, the screw's posture stability decreases because the clamp can only hold a shorter threaded portion. The screw head may be tilted relative to the gun head's axis. In automatic blowing actuators, when the screw's threaded portion is too short and the clamping length is too short, the screw head is prone to tilting within the clamp.

[0080] In this embodiment, the gun body 1 includes a rotary drive assembly for driving the bit 4 to rotate around its own axis.

[0081] When the drill bit 2 approaches the screw held by the screw holding assembly 9, the rotation drive assembly drives the drill bit 4 to rotate around its own axis.

[0082] Because the screw may be tilted to a certain extent or the drive groove 31 may have a circumferential angular deviation relative to the bit 4, the bit 4 may not be able to directly enter the drive groove 31 when it first contacts the screw.

[0083] At this time, as the bit 4 continues to rotate, the relative circumferential position between the bit 4 and the drive groove 31 changes continuously. When the outline of the bit 4 and the drive groove 31 reach a position where they can fit together, the bit 4 enters the drive groove 31.

[0084] As the bit 4 continues to enter the drive groove 31, the interaction between the bit 4 and the groove wall of the drive groove 31 causes the originally tilted screw to adjust its posture, gradually bringing the screw's axis closer to the axis of the gun head 2, thereby guiding the screw.

[0085] For short screws, the screws may be tilted due to the short clamping length; the bit 4 is in a rotating state when it is docked with the drive groove 31. Even if it is not directly aligned with the drive groove 31 at the beginning, it can complete the groove finding by rotating and further guide the screw after entering the drive groove 31.

[0086] After the bit 4 enters the drive groove 31 and guides the screw, the gun head 2 continues to approach the screw, so that the adsorption end face of the adsorption component is in contact with the top surface of the screw head, and negative pressure adsorption is formed through the negative pressure channel 8.

[0087] At this time, the bit 4 is still located in the screw drive groove 31, and an axial gap is formed between it and the bottom of the drive groove 31.

[0088] Thus, this embodiment forms the following process: from the screw being blown into place to the screw holding assembly 9 holding the screw, then the bit 4 rotating to find the groove, the bit 4 entering the drive groove 31, the bit 4 guiding the screw, the adsorption end face adhering to the screw, and finally forming a negative pressure adsorption working process.

[0089] In situations where the screw is short and the clamping and positioning are poor, directly connecting the suction head to the skewed screw head can easily cause the suction head to get stuck. Rotating the bit 4 during the connection process and first guiding the screw to the correct position before the suction assembly covers or adheres to the screw head can significantly improve the stability of nail driving.

[0090] After adsorption is complete, the screw holding assembly 9 can release the screw, and the gun head 2 carries the screw into the subsequent nailing position, where the screwdriver bit 4 drives the screw to complete the tightening.

[0091] Therefore, in this embodiment, in addition to transmitting the screwing torque, the bit 4 also plays a role in rotating and guiding the screw before it is attracted.

[0092] Example 3:

[0093] This embodiment corresponds to a manual nailing device. In the application of a manual actuator, the front end of the adsorption component is provided with a covering part 71 for at least partially covering the outer periphery of the screw head. The covering part 71 forms an internal space that can accommodate at least a portion of the screw head.

[0094] When picking up a screw, the operator brings the gun head 2 close to the screw to be picked up.

[0095] As the nozzle 2 moves toward the screw, the bit 4 enters the drive groove 31 on the screw head, while the screw head at least partially enters the covering part 71 at the front end of the adsorption assembly.

[0096] Thus, the screw head is simultaneously constrained by the outer covering 71 and the inner bit 4.

[0097] The covering part 71 restricts the screw head from making large lateral movements by cooperating with the outer periphery of the screw head, while the bit 4 further constrains the screw's posture relative to the gun head 2 by cooperating with the drive groove 31.

[0098] When the screw is tilted to a certain extent during the initial adsorption stage, negative pressure alone may still hold the tilted screw 3 at the front end of the gun head 2. That is, although the screw 3 has not fallen off, its axis is not aligned with the axis of the gun head 2. If nailing is performed directly in this state, the screw 3 is prone to difficulty in entering the hole or failure to be turned.

[0099] For manual actuators, the screw head is covered by the outer suction head, and the bit 4 is inserted into the screw head drive groove 31, so that the screw head is not easily tilted in the suction head, and the bit 4 is used to guide the screw axis.

[0100] In this embodiment, if the screw 3 has a certain angular deviation relative to the gun head 2 during the process of the bit 4 entering the drive groove 31, the cooperation between the bit 4 and the drive groove 31 can adjust the posture of the screw 3; at the same time, the covering part 71 restricts the outer periphery of the screw head, thereby making the screw 3 gradually reach a more stable axial posture.

[0101] Subsequently, the adsorption assembly uses negative pressure to hold the screw 3 at the front end of the gun head 2.

[0102] At this time, the bit 4 is located in the drive groove 31, and the covering part 71 at least partially covers the outer periphery of the screw head, thus forming an attitude constraint formed by the combined action of the bit 4 and the covering part 71.

[0103] After testing, in the handheld actuator, when the concentricity is ensured by only covering the outer circle of the screw head with the suction head, the nail driving success rate is about 60%; after the bit 4 enters the screw drive groove 31 for positioning at the same time, the nail driving success rate in the test reaches 99.996%.

[0104] After removing screw 3, the operator moves the tool head 2 to the installation position, so that screw 3 enters the target hole, and drives screw 3 to rotate through the bit 4, thereby completing the installation of screw 3.

[0105] Therefore, this embodiment utilizes the constraint of the outer covering part 71 on the outer periphery of the screw head and the constraint of the inner bit 4 on the drive groove 31 to maintain the posture of the screw 3, which is especially suitable for situations where the screw 3 may be attracted in an inclined state during manual operation.

[0106] Although the above-mentioned automatic pickup, automatic screw feeding and manual execution implementation methods have different specific application environments, they all utilize the structural relationship of the bit 4 establishing a cooperation with the screw drive groove 31 before actually turning the screw 3.

[0107] In the automatic pickup actuator, the bit 4 is mainly used to limit the lateral displacement of the screw 3 during the handling process; in the automatic screw feeding actuator, the bit 4 is mainly used to locate the drive groove 31 and guide the tilted screw 3; in the manual actuator, the bit 4 and the covering part 71 are used together to limit the tilting posture of the screw 3.

[0108] Therefore, under the above-mentioned different usage conditions, in addition to the function of subsequently tightening the screw 3, the bit 4 also plays the role of pre-positioning the screw 3 during the picking up or docking stage, so that the screw 3 maintains a relatively stable relative posture before entering the target hole.

[0109] It should be noted that the screw head size, drive groove 31 depth, and drive groove 31 shape may differ for different screw specifications 3. During actual assembly, the axial position of the adsorption assembly can be adjusted using the adsorption axial adjustment structure according to the specific structure of the screw 3 being used. This allows the bit 4 to enter the drive groove 31 when its adsorption end face is in contact with the screw head, while maintaining an axial gap with the bottom of the drive groove 31. Therefore, it is not necessary to limit the protrusion of the bit 4 to a fixed value, allowing the nail-driving device to accommodate screws 3 of different specifications.

[0110] The embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this technical solution. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the above embodiments should be included within the scope of protection of this technical solution.

Claims

1. A nail-driving device based on screw drive groove pre-positioning, comprising a gun head and a gun body, the gun head comprising an adsorption assembly, a screwdriver bit, and a negative pressure channel, the adsorption assembly being disposed at the front end of the gun head, the adsorption assembly having an adsorption end face for engaging with a screw head, the screwdriver bit being disposed along the axial direction of the adsorption assembly, and the negative pressure channel communicating with the front end of the adsorption assembly for forming a negative pressure adsorption between the adsorption assembly and the screw head, characterized in that... It also includes: a bit axial positioning structure and a suction axial adjustment structure. The bit axial positioning structure is used to limit the axial movement of the bit relative to the gun body; The adsorption axial adjustment structure is used to adjust and set the axial position of the adsorption component relative to the gun body, so that the front end of the bit protrudes relative to the adsorption end face in the direction toward the screw. When the adsorption end face is in contact with the screw head to form a negative pressure adsorption state, the front end of the bit extends into the drive groove of the screw and forms an axial gap with the bottom of the drive groove, so as to limit the change of the screw's posture relative to the adsorption assembly through the cooperation between the bit and the drive groove.

2. The nail-driving device based on screw drive groove pre-positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial positioning structure of the bit includes a transition member and a bearing. The transition member is disposed between the bit and the gun body. The bit is fixedly connected to the transition member. The transition member is mounted on the gun body via the bearing. The bearing is used to limit the axial movement of the transition member relative to the gun body.

3. The nail-driving device based on screw drive groove pre-positioning according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bit and the transition piece are connected by threads to define the axial mounting position of the bit relative to the transition piece.

4. The nail-driving device based on screw drive groove pre-positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption axial adjustment structure includes at least one shim disposed between the adsorption component and the gun head, and the axial position of the adsorption component relative to the gun body is adjusted by changing the thickness and / or number of the shims.

5. The nail-driving device based on screw drive groove pre-positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption assembly includes a vacuum tube disposed along the outer periphery of the bit, the adsorption end face is formed at the front end of the vacuum tube, the negative pressure channel is formed between the inner wall of the vacuum tube and the bit, and the inner wall at the front end of the vacuum tube is provided with a vent hole communicating with the negative pressure channel, the vent hole communicating with the negative pressure area inside the adsorption end face.

6. The nail-driving device based on screw drive groove pre-positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gun body includes a rotary drive assembly for driving the bit to rotate about its own axis. When rotating, the bit engages with the drive groove of the screw to allow the bit to enter the drive groove.

7. The nail-driving device based on screw drive groove pre-positioning according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a screw retaining assembly, which clamps the threaded portion of the screw before the adsorption assembly adsorbs the screw. The bit enters the drive groove of the screw held by the screw retaining assembly in a rotating state and guides the screw during the process of entering the drive groove.

8. The nail-driving device based on screw drive groove pre-positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the adsorption component is provided with a covering part for at least partially covering the outer periphery of the screw head. When the bit is inserted into the drive groove, the screw head is constrained by the posture of the covering part and the bit.

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