Hydraulic motor direct drive type three-claw synchronous clamping mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a hydraulic motor direct drive type three-claw synchronous clamping mechanism, which comprises a slip ring mounting support, a motor and three sets of claw clamping mechanisms; the three sets of claw clamping mechanisms are composed of a sliding frame seat, a bracing rod, a front seat and a sliding plate; the two ends of a lead screw are respectively connected through second ball bearings; a nut screw transmission is installed on the lead screw; the motor is fixedly installed on a slip ring of the slip ring mounting support, a rotary joint is fixedly installed on the slip ring mounting support, a flange of a driving gear assembly is fixedly installed on the motor, and a driving gear is in meshing transmission connection with three bevel gears. The low-speed large-torque oil motor is directly driven, the complicated connecting rod or wedge mechanism is omitted, the power transmission path is short, the energy loss is small, a larger and more stable clamping force can be provided, and the hydraulic motor direct drive type three-claw synchronous clamping mechanism is particularly suitable for heavy load working conditions. The bevel gears are connected and fixed with the lead screw through an expansion sleeve, the expansion sleeve is loosened during installation and maintenance, and the meshing state of the bevel gears and the driving gear and the initial positions of the bracing rods can be conveniently adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical clamping technology, and in particular to a three-jaw synchronous clamping mechanism that is directly driven by hydraulic power and suitable for heavy-duty and high-stability applications. Background Technology

[0002] In heavy machinery machining, forging, material handling, and large component welding, stable and reliable clamping of large or heavy workpieces is often required. Traditional three-jaw chucks are mostly driven manually, electrically, or pneumatically. Manual methods are inefficient; electric methods, when requiring extremely high clamping forces, often result in bulky motors and reduction gears that are prone to overheating; pneumatic methods, powered by compressed air, suffer from insufficient clamping rigidity and poor positioning accuracy due to the inherent compressibility of air, failing to meet the requirements of clamping stability and positioning accuracy for heavy-duty machining. Some existing hydraulic chucks typically use hydraulic cylinders to push the jaws via connecting rods or wedges, resulting in complex structures and occupying a large axial space. Therefore, a powerful, direct-transmission, compact, and heavy-duty three-jaw clamping solution is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a three-jaw synchronous clamping mechanism that is directly driven by a hydraulic motor and has a simple and efficient structure.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a hydraulic motor direct-drive three-jaw synchronous clamping mechanism, including a slip ring mounting bracket, a motor and three sets of clamping jaw mechanisms, wherein the three sets of clamping jaw mechanisms are arranged in a ring array with the axis of the motor output shaft as the center; The three gripper mechanisms consist of a carriage base, a tensioning rod, a front seat, and a slide. The two ends of the lead screw are rotatably mounted in the slide seat through the second ball bearing and the third ball bearing, respectively. The bevel gear is fixedly connected to the left end of the lead screw through the shrink sleeve. The left end of the lead screw is also rotatably mounted in the front seat through the first ball bearing. The nut is screwed onto the lead screw, the slide is slidably mounted on the slide bracket, the slide slides along the axial direction of the lead screw, the tensioning rod is fixedly mounted on the slide, and the slide is also fixedly connected to the nut. The motor is fixedly mounted on the slip ring of the slip ring mounting bracket. A rotary joint is fixedly mounted on the slip ring mounting bracket. The flange of the drive gear assembly is fixedly mounted on the motor. The drive gear of the drive gear assembly is mounted on the output shaft of the motor. The drive gear meshes with three bevel gears for transmission.

[0005] Preferably, the carriage base is composed of a base plate, side plates, top plate, lower pad plate, pressure strip, and upper pad plate, which are fixedly connected from bottom to top. A groove is formed between the pressure strip and the lower pad plate, and the slide plate is slidably installed in the groove.

[0006] Preferably, the assembly also includes a nut seat, an oil-free bushing, and a guide shaft. The oil-free bushing is screwed and fixedly installed on the slide plate. The upper part of the guide shaft is fixedly embedded in the oil-free bushing. The nut seat is sleeved and installed on the nut. The nut seat and the nut are screwed and fixed. The lower end of the guide shaft is embedded in the nut seat. The flange integrally formed on the guide shaft is screwed and fixed to the nut seat.

[0007] Preferably, a first protective plate and a second protective plate are screwed and fixedly installed at both ends of the slide.

[0008] Preferably, a protective cover is screwed and fixedly installed on the front seat, and the inner end of the protective cover extends into the carriage seat to protect the lead screw.

[0009] Preferably, the right end of the lead screw is integrally formed as a square shaft structure.

[0010] Preferably, the top plate is provided with a first receiving groove and a second receiving groove, and a reinforcing rib is provided between the first receiving groove and the second receiving groove. The assembly of the nut seat, the oil-free bushing and the guide shaft is located in the first receiving groove, and the front seat is located in the second receiving groove.

[0011] Preferably, the tensioning rod is embedded in the slide and screwed to the slide.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: Employing a low-speed, high-torque hydraulic motor for direct drive eliminates the need for complex linkages or wedge mechanisms, resulting in a shorter power transmission path, less energy loss, and the ability to provide greater and more stable clamping force, making it particularly suitable for heavy-duty applications. The rigid meshing of the drive gear with three bevel gears structurally ensures a high degree of synchronization in the movement of the three grippers, preventing workpiece skewing or unstable clamping caused by asynchronous movements.

[0013] The power drive unit is integrated into a radially arranged carriage seat, resulting in a small axial dimension and a compact overall structure, saving installation space. An expansion sleeve connects and secures the bevel gear to the lead screw, allowing for loosening of the sleeve during installation and maintenance. This facilitates adjustment of the meshing state between the bevel gear and the drive gear, as well as the initial position of each support rod, ensuring the coaxiality of the three support rods and overall operating clamping accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a 3D diagram of the gripper mechanism.

[0017] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point M.

[0018] Figure 4 This is the right view of the gripper mechanism.

[0019] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 The front view of the AA-direction sectional view.

[0020] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A three-dimensional view of the AA-direction sectional view.

[0021] Figure 7 This is the front view of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a rear view of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 9 It is a 3D view of the drive gear assembly and motor installation.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a 3D view of the top panel. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments: like Figures 1 to 10 The hydraulic motor direct drive three-jaw synchronous clamping mechanism shown includes a slip ring mounting bracket 1, a motor 11 and three sets of clamping jaw mechanisms. The three sets of clamping jaw mechanisms are arranged in a ring array with the output shaft axis of the motor 11 as the center. The motor 11 is a low-speed, high-torque hydraulic motor. The three sets of gripper mechanisms consist of a carriage base, a tensioning rod 3, a front seat 4, and a slide 5; The two ends of the lead screw 64 are rotatably mounted in the slide seat through the second ball bearing 8 and the third ball bearing 9 respectively. The bevel gear 4 is fixedly connected to the left end of the lead screw 64 through the expansion sleeve 42. The left end of the lead screw 64 is also rotatably mounted in the front seat 4 through the first ball bearing 7. Nut 61 is screwed onto screw 64, slide plate 5 is slidably mounted on slide bracket seat, slide plate 5 slides axially along screw 64, tension rod 3 is fixedly mounted on slide plate 5, slide plate 5 is also fixedly connected to nut 61; Motor 11 is fixedly mounted on the slip ring of slip ring mounting bracket 1. Rotary joint 12 is fixedly mounted on slip ring mounting bracket 1. Flange 13 of drive gear assembly is fixedly mounted on motor 11. Drive gear 14 of drive gear assembly is driven and mounted on output shaft of motor 11. Drive gear 14 meshes with three bevel gears 4 for transmission connection.

[0026] The carriage base is composed of a base plate 2, a side plate 22, a top plate 21, a lower pad plate 23, a pressure strip 24, and an upper pad plate 25, which are fixedly connected from bottom to top. A groove 26 is formed between the pressure strip 24 and the lower pad plate 23. The slide plate 5 is slidably installed in the groove 26, which provides a modular and easy-to-assemble carriage base structure. The groove 26 realizes the precise guidance and limitation of the slide plate 5, ensuring the linearity and stability of the gripper movement.

[0027] It also includes a nut seat 6, an oil-free bushing 62, and a guide shaft 63. The oil-free bushing 62 is screwed and fixedly mounted on the slide plate 5. The upper part of the guide shaft 63 is fixedly embedded in the oil-free bushing 62. The nut seat 61 is sleeved on the nut 61, and the nut seat 6 is screwed and fixed to the nut 61. The lower end of the guide shaft 63 is embedded in the nut seat 6, and the flange integrally formed on the guide shaft 63 is screwed and fixed to the nut seat 6. The nut seat 6 and the guide shaft 63 achieve a stable connection between the nut 61 and the slide plate 5, ensuring the reliability of power transmission. The oil-free bushing 62 provides self-lubricating, low-friction guidance for the guide shaft 63, reducing wear and extending service life. The multi-stage connection structure facilitates disassembly and maintenance. A first protective plate 51 and a second protective plate 52 are screwed and fixedly installed at both ends of the slide plate 5. A protective cover 10 is screwed and fixedly installed on the front seat 4, and the inner end of the protective cover 10 extends into the carriage seat to protect the lead screw 64. The first protective plate 51, the second protective plate 52, and the protective cover 10 effectively prevent external debris, cutting fluid, and metal shavings from entering the area of ​​the lead screw 64, avoiding wear, jamming, or corrosion of the threaded pair, and improving the reliability of the mechanism and its service life in harsh environments.

[0028] The right end of the lead screw 64 is integrally formed into a square shaft structure 65. The square shaft structure 65 makes it easy for operators to use tools to rotate the lead screw 64 to adjust the position of the tensioning rod 3.

[0029] The top plate 21 is provided with a first receiving groove 211 and a second receiving groove 212. A reinforcing rib is provided between the first receiving groove 211 and the second receiving groove 212. The assembly of the nut seat 6, the oil-free bushing 62 and the guide shaft 63 is located in the first receiving groove 211, and the front seat 4 is located in the second receiving groove 212. The reinforcing rib enhances the structural strength of the top plate 21, enabling it to withstand greater clamping force and improve the overall rigidity of the carriage seat.

[0030] The tension rod 3 is embedded in the slide plate 5 and screwed to the slide plate 5 to improve the firmness of the tension rod 3 in the slide plate 5. The embedded installation method reduces the radial shear force on the fastening screw and extends the service life.

[0031] During operation: the drive gear 14 meshes with three bevel gears 4 evenly arranged at 120° circumferential angles. Through the meshing transmission between the drive gear 14 and the three bevel gears 4, the single-path rotational power of the motor 11 is synchronously and at the same speed distributed to the three sets of gripper mechanisms, fundamentally ensuring the synchronicity of the movement of the three grippers.

[0032] Each bevel gear 4 is fixedly connected to the left end of the corresponding lead screw 64 via a shrink sleeve 42. The rotation of the bevel gear 4 drives the lead screw 64 to rotate synchronously.

[0033] The two ends of the lead screw 64 are rotatably mounted in the carriage seat through the second ball bearing 8 and the third ball bearing 9, respectively, and the left end is also rotatably mounted in the front seat 4 through the first ball bearing 7 to ensure the smoothness of rotation.

[0034] Nut 61 is screwed onto lead screw 64. When lead screw 64 rotates, nut 61 converts the rotational motion into linear motion along the axis of lead screw 64.

[0035] The slide plate 5 is slidably installed in the slide groove 26 of the slide holder seat and is fixedly connected to the nut 61 through components such as the nut seat 6 and the guide shaft 63. Therefore, the linear motion of the nut 61 directly drives the slide plate 5 to make radial linear motion along the slide groove 26.

[0036] The tensioning rod 3 is fixedly installed on the slide 5 and moves synchronously with the slide 5 to achieve the internal support or external clamping action of the workpiece.

[0037] The slide groove 26 structure of the carriage seat provides precise radial motion guidance for the slide plate 5 and restricts its circumferential degree of freedom, ensuring the linearity and accuracy of the clamping motion.

Claims

1. A hydraulic motor direct-drive three-jaw synchronous clamping mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a slip ring mounting bracket (1), a motor (11) and three sets of gripper mechanisms, which are arranged in a ring array with the output shaft of the motor (11) as the center; The three gripper mechanisms consist of a carriage seat, a tensioning rod (3), a front seat (4), and a slide (5); The two ends of the lead screw (64) are rotatably mounted in the slide seat through the second ball bearing (8) and the third ball bearing (9) respectively. The bevel gear (4) is fixedly connected to the left end of the lead screw (64) through the shrink sleeve (42). The left end of the lead screw (64) is also rotatably mounted in the front seat (4) through the first ball bearing (7). The nut (61) is screwed and driven on the lead screw (64), the slide (5) is slidably mounted on the slide bracket seat, the slide (5) slides along the axial direction of the lead screw (64), the tension rod (3) is fixedly mounted on the slide (5), and the slide (5) is also fixedly connected to the nut (61); The motor (11) is fixedly mounted on the slip ring of the slip ring mounting bracket (1). A rotary joint (12) is fixedly mounted on the slip ring mounting bracket (1). The flange (13) of the drive gear assembly is fixedly mounted on the motor (11). The drive gear (14) of the drive gear assembly is driven and mounted on the output shaft of the motor (11). The drive gear (14) meshes with three bevel gears (4) for transmission.

2. The hydraulic motor direct-drive three-jaw synchronous clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carriage seat is composed of a base plate (2), a side plate (22), a top plate (21), a lower pad plate (23), a pressure strip (24), and an upper pad plate (25) which are fixedly connected from bottom to top. A groove (26) is formed between the pressure strip (24) and the lower pad plate (23), and the slide plate (5) is slidably installed in the groove (26).

3. The hydraulic motor direct-drive three-jaw synchronous clamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a nut seat (6), an oil-free bushing (62), and a guide shaft (63). The oil-free bushing (62) is screwed and fixedly installed on the slide plate (5). The upper part of the guide shaft (63) is fixedly embedded in the oil-free bushing (62). The nut seat (61) is sleeved and installed on the nut (61). The nut seat (6) is screwed and fixed to the nut (61). The lower end of the guide shaft (63) is embedded in the nut seat (6). The flange integrally formed on the guide shaft (63) is screwed and fixed to the nut seat (6).

4. The hydraulic motor direct-drive three-jaw synchronous clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protective plate (51) and the second protective plate (52) are screwed and fixed at both ends of the slide (5).

5. The hydraulic motor direct-drive three-jaw synchronous clamping mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A protective cover (10) is screwed and fixed on the front seat (4). The inner end of the protective cover (10) extends into the carriage seat to protect the lead screw (64).

6. The hydraulic motor direct-drive three-jaw synchronous clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right end of the lead screw (64) is integrally formed as a square shaft structure (65).

7. The hydraulic motor direct-drive three-jaw synchronous clamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top plate (21) is provided with a first receiving groove (211) and a second receiving groove (212). A reinforcing rib is provided between the first receiving groove (211) and the second receiving groove (212). The assembly of the nut seat (6), the oil-free bushing (62), and the guide shaft (63) is located in the first receiving groove (211), and the front seat (4) is located in the second receiving groove (212).

8. The hydraulic motor direct-drive three-jaw synchronous clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensioning rod (3) is embedded in the slide (5) and screwed to the slide (5).

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