Solid waste utilization 3D printing non-fired ceramic process and equipment

Abstract

The application provides a solid waste utilization 3D printing non-burning ceramic process and equipment, belongs to the technical field of solid waste utilization 3D printing, and comprises the following components: 3.5 kg of solid waste, 2.5 kg of cement, 90 g of color powder, 1.65 kg of pure water, 20 g of concrete curing agent, 19.5 g of cellulose, 10-15 g of retarder, 20 g of waterproof mortar and 6 g of edible oil. The components are mixed and stirred to form a 3D printing non-burning ceramic raw material. The solid waste is used as the main material, and the cost is saved. In addition, the application provides an equipment for the solid waste utilization 3D printing non-burning ceramic process. Four open box doors are arranged on the vertical column printing box, which facilitates the heating and non-heating use of the printing head mechanism. The constant temperature heating mechanism arranged on the printing head mechanism has the functions of freely changing the direction of the front and rear side walls or the inner and outer side walls of the arc-shaped wall body of the non-burning ceramic and assisting in the heating and curing, so that the problem of collapse and depression of the printing head mechanism when printing the arc-shaped wall body of the non-burning ceramic is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a process and equipment for 3D printing non-fired ceramics using solid waste, and belongs to the field of 3D printing technology using solid waste. Background Technology

[0002] Solid waste utilization 3D printing non-fired ceramics refer to ceramic-like products made from various industrial and construction solid wastes as the main raw materials, combined with an inorganic curing and bonding system, and formed layer by layer through 3D printing (mainly extrusion DIW). They do not require high-temperature kiln sintering at thousands of degrees, but are directly cured and formed by room temperature, low temperature curing, and geological polymerization chemical reaction. They belong to low-carbon circular building materials.

[0003] In the process of 3D printing non-fired ceramics, when the print head prints the curved wall of the ceramic product, the bottom layer of the wall cannot achieve initial solidification due to the natural air flow in a short time. When the curved wall is printed to a certain height, it is prone to collapse and dent. However, this problem does not occur when printing vertical walls. It is necessary to heat the curved wall during the printing process to prevent collapse and dent. However, the heating will raise the temperature in the printing chamber and heat the feed hose, thus causing the non-fired raw material in the feed hose to solidify rapidly. In addition, the common raw material storage tank is placed on the top of the equipment and the material is discharged naturally from high to low. However, the discharge of non-fired raw material will have problems such as inconsistent flow rate. To address the above problems, this invention proposes a solid waste utilization 3D printing non-fired ceramics process and equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a process and equipment for 3D printing non-fired ceramics using solid waste, so as to solve the existing problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a 3D printing non-fired ceramic process utilizing solid waste, comprising 3.5 kg of solid waste, 2.5 kg of cement, 90 g of color powder, 1.65 kg of purified water, 20 g of concrete curing agent, 19.5 g of cellulose, 10-15 g of retarder, 20 g of waterproof mortar, and 6 g of edible oil. The solid waste is one of the following: slag, stone powder, mineral slag, construction waste, washed sand dry mud, and waste ceramics; This also includes the following 3D printing non-fired material molding processes: S1: The solid waste material is crushed by a crusher to obtain fine particles, and the fine particles are screened through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain solid waste powder. S2: The solid waste powder, cement, and color powder are mixed together in a mixer to obtain a dry powder raw material for overall use. S3: The pure water, concrete curing agent, cellulose, retarder, waterproof mortar, and edible oil are mixed evenly together using a mixer to obtain the total amount of liquid raw materials. S4: The dry powder raw material of S2 and the liquid raw material of S3 are mixed and stirred together again through a mixer to obtain a 3D printed non-fired clay blank. S5: Send the 3D printed non-fired clay blank from S4 to the roller extruder for two to three extrusions, and mix the 3D printed non-fired clay blank evenly again to eliminate color difference; S6: The 3D printed non-fired clay blanks that have had their color difference eliminated in S5 are then sent to a vacuum clay mixer for two to three rounds of mixing to eliminate air bubbles in the 3D printed non-fired clay blanks, thus obtaining 3D printed non-fired molding raw materials.

[0006] A further improvement is that the mixing agitator, the roller extruder, and the vacuum pumice machine are all existing equipment, and their working principles will not be described in detail here.

[0007] The equipment for 3D printing non-fired ceramics using solid waste also includes a column printing box. Two servo screw lifting frame bodies are symmetrically fixed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the cavity of the column printing box. A printing base plate is placed flat between the two servo screw lifting frame bodies. A horizontal and vertical movement section body is provided at the upper end of the cavity of the column printing box. A print head mechanism aligned with the printing base plate is provided on the bottom surface of the walking end of the horizontal and vertical movement section body. A uniform speed pushing mechanism for placing next to the column printing box is connected to the print head mechanism via a flexible hose. An exhaust pipe assembly for downward air extraction from the cavity of the column printing box is installed on the bottom surface of the column printing box. A control box electrically connected to the servo screw lifting frame body, the horizontal and vertical movement section body, the print head mechanism, the uniform speed pushing mechanism, and the exhaust pipe assembly is provided on the column printing box. The printhead mechanism includes a printhead body, a constant temperature heating mechanism is installed in the middle of the printhead body, a corrugated telescopic heat insulation tube is connected to the right side of the printhead body, and the other end of the corrugated telescopic heat insulation tube is horizontally fixed to the inner wall of the column print box. The uniform speed feeding mechanism includes a sliding column frame, a lifting sleeve assembly is movably fitted in the middle of the sliding column frame, a piston storage tube assembly is sealed between the top surface of the lifting sleeve assembly and the bottom surface of the upper end of the sliding column frame, a piston pushing part for vertically fixing on the bottom surface of the lifting sleeve assembly is threaded to the lower end of the piston storage tube assembly, a material tube head communicating with the piston storage tube assembly is connected in the middle of the top surface of the sliding column frame, a feeding hose is connected between the material tube head and the print head body, and a corrugated telescopic heat insulation tube is sleeved on the outside of the tail of the feeding hose to form a heat-proof barrier for the feeding hose.

[0008] A further improvement is that the four sides of the column printing box are hinged with boxes, and the upper right side of the column printing box is provided with a feed hose inlet. Two guide wheels for guiding the feed hose are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower walls of the feed hose inlet.

[0009] A further improvement is that the printing base plate has a square structure and is made of aluminum, and multiple small downward exhaust holes are arrayed on the printing base plate.

[0010] A further improvement is that the constant temperature heating mechanism includes a threaded sleeve, on which a reversing adjustment seat and a locking ring are threadedly connected, and a first constant temperature heating component and a second constant temperature heating component are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the reversing adjustment seat. The first constant temperature heating component includes a fan, and a constant temperature heating plate body is fitted on the negative pressure end of the fan. A guide plate is provided on the inner side of the lower end of the fan to form a barrier at the discharge pipe of the print head body. The heating temperature of the constant temperature heating plate body is 60-100℃. The first constant temperature heating component and the second constant temperature heating component have the same structure.

[0011] A further improvement is that the exhaust pipe assembly includes an L-shaped pipe, the upper end of which is connected to a trapezoidal diffuser located directly below the printing base plate. Multiple flow guide baffles are spaced apart inside the cavity of the trapezoidal diffuser, and an exhaust fan is connected to the tail end of the L-shaped pipe.

[0012] A further improvement is that the sliding column frame includes a four-column slide, the upper bottom surface of the four-column slide is provided with a material storage tube upper sleeve groove, a sealing gasket is fitted around the top of the groove of the material tube upper sleeve groove, a threaded discharge hole for locking the material tube head is provided through the middle of the top of the groove of the material tube upper sleeve groove, and an adjusting screw through hole is provided on the right side of the top surface of the four-column slide.

[0013] A further improvement is that the lifting sleeve assembly includes a lower sleeve, the top surface of which has a storage tube lower sleeve groove that is perpendicularly aligned with the upper sleeve groove of the storage tube. A push column through-hole is provided in the middle of the bottom of the storage tube lower sleeve groove. Multiple drag blocks are provided on the left and right sides of the lower sleeve, and each drag block has a sliding column through-hole that fits onto the four-column slide body. The right end of the lower sleeve is vertically threaded with an adjusting screw body and a rotating seat. The upper end of the adjusting screw body passes through the adjusting screw through-hole, and the rotating seat is fixed to the upper edge of the adjusting screw through-hole.

[0014] A further improvement is that the piston storage tube assembly includes a transparent storage tube, a piston head is fitted inside the cavity of the transparent storage tube, and an upper push post is provided at the lower end of the piston head, passing through the bottom surface of the transparent storage tube and the push post opening, and a nut is fitted on the upper push post.

[0015] A further improvement is that the piston pushing part adopts a lead screw mechanism or a servo cylinder body; The lead screw mechanism includes a sliding column seat, on which a lifting push seat is movably mounted. A lower push column, aligned with the upper push column, is vertically mounted in the middle of the lifting push seat. A lead screw thread hole is opened in the middle of the bottom surface of the lower push column, and a lead screw is internally threaded into the lead screw thread hole. An external thread is opened at the upper end of the lower push column body for threaded connection with a nut. A servo motor is driven to the lower end of the lead screw.

[0016] A further improvement is that the main body of the servo screw lifting frame, the main body of the horizontal and vertical movement section, the control box, the print head body, the corrugated telescopic heat insulation pipe, the main body of the constant temperature heating plate, and the servo motor are all existing technologies, and their structures will not be described in detail here.

[0017] A further improvement is that the tail of the telescopic rod of the servo cylinder body is provided with a thread for threaded connection with the nut, and the servo cylinder body is directly fixed to the bottom surface of the lower sleeve.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a process and equipment for 3D printing non-fired ceramics using solid waste. A raw material for 3D printing non-fired ceramics is prepared by mixing 3.5kg of solid waste, 2.5kg of cement, 90g of color powder, 1.65kg of purified water, 20g of concrete curing agent, 19.5g of cellulose, 10-15g of retarder, 20g of waterproof mortar, and 6g of edible oil. This effectively utilizes solid waste as the main material, saving costs.

[0019] Furthermore, the structural combination design of the column printing box, servo screw lifting frame, printing base plate, horizontal and vertical movement section, printing head mechanism, uniform speed feeding mechanism, exhaust pipe assembly, and control box constitutes the equipment for 3D printing of non-fired ceramics using solid waste. The column printing box is equipped with four doors to facilitate the use of the auxiliary printing head mechanism for heating or not heating. The constant temperature heating mechanism on the printing head mechanism has the function of freely changing the direction of auxiliary heating and curing of the front and rear side walls or inner and outer side walls of the arc-shaped wall of the non-fired ceramic, preventing the printing head mechanism from collapsing or denting when printing the arc-shaped wall of the non-fired ceramic. The design of the printing base plate, corrugated telescopic heat insulation pipe, and exhaust pipe assembly, together with the closing of the four doors, prevents the hot air produced in the cavity of the column printing box from floating upward or dissipating to the outside, causing the feed hose to be heated and causing the 3D printing non-fired material in the feed hose to solidify inside the hose.

[0020] Furthermore, the design of the uniform speed feeding mechanism places the transparent storage tube on the side of the column printing box, facilitating low-level filling and making operation more convenient. The design of the sliding column frame and lifting sleeve assembly allows the piston storage tube assembly to be installed by directly twisting the adjusting screw body. The piston storage tube assembly has a built-in piston head, upper push column, and nut design, which facilitates quick assembly by threaded connection with the piston pushing part. The piston pushing part uses a screw mechanism or servo cylinder body as the servo direct push part, which can servo uniformly push the piston head, so that the 3D printing non-fired raw material in the transparent storage tube is discharged at a uniform speed and smoothly, avoiding the problem of uneven thickness of the non-fired ceramic wall after 3D printing. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment structure for the solid waste utilization 3D printing non-fired ceramics process of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top surface structure of the printing base plate of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the printhead mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust pipe assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the uniform speed feeding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding column frame structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting sleeve assembly and piston storage tube assembly of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the lead screw mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A in the image; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of part B in the image. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-10 This invention provides a process and equipment for 3D printing non-fired ceramics using solid waste: the components include 3.5kg of solid waste, 2.5kg of cement, 90g of color powder, 1.65kg of pure water, 20g of concrete curing agent, 19.5g of cellulose, 10-15g of retarder, 20g of waterproof mortar and 6g of edible oil. The solid waste is one of the following: slag, stone powder, mineral slag, construction waste, washed sand dry mud, and waste ceramics; This also includes the following 3D printing non-fired material molding processes: S1: The solid waste material is crushed by a crusher to obtain fine particles, and the fine particles are screened through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain solid waste powder. S2: The solid waste powder, cement, and color powder are mixed together in a mixer to obtain a dry powder raw material for overall use. S3: The pure water, concrete curing agent, cellulose, retarder, waterproof mortar, and edible oil are mixed evenly together using a mixer to obtain the total amount of liquid raw materials. S4: The dry powder raw material of S2 and the liquid raw material of S3 are mixed and stirred together again through a mixer to obtain a 3D printed non-fired clay blank. S5: Send the 3D printed non-fired clay blank from S4 to the roller extruder for two to three extrusions, and mix the 3D printed non-fired clay blank evenly again to eliminate color difference; S6: The 3D printed non-fired clay blanks that have had their color difference eliminated in S5 are then sent to a vacuum clay mixer for two to three rounds of mixing to eliminate air bubbles in the 3D printed non-fired clay blanks, thus obtaining 3D printed non-fired molding raw materials.

[0024] The equipment for 3D printing non-fired ceramics using solid waste includes a column printing box 1. Two servo screw lifting frame bodies 2 are symmetrically fixed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the cavity of the column printing box 1. A printing base plate 3 is placed horizontally between the two servo screw lifting frame bodies 2. A horizontal and vertical movement part body 4 is provided at the upper end of the cavity of the column printing box 1. A print head mechanism 5 aligned with the printing base plate 3 is provided on the bottom surface of the walking end of the horizontal and vertical movement part body 4. A uniform speed pushing mechanism 6 for placing next to the column printing box 1 is connected to the print head mechanism 5 via a flexible hose. An exhaust pipe assembly 7 for downward air extraction from the cavity of the column printing box 1 is installed on the bottom surface of the column printing box 1. A control box 8 is provided on the column printing box 1 and electrically connected to the servo screw lifting frame body 2, the horizontal and vertical movement part body 4, the print head mechanism 5, the uniform speed pushing mechanism 6, and the exhaust pipe assembly 7. The print head mechanism 5 includes a print head. The main body 51 has a constant temperature heating mechanism 52 installed in the middle of the printhead body 51. A corrugated telescopic heat insulation tube 53 is connected to the right side of the printhead body 51. The other end of the corrugated telescopic heat insulation tube 53 is horizontally fixed to the inner wall of the column print box 1. The uniform speed feeding mechanism 6 includes a sliding column frame 61. A lifting sleeve assembly 62 is movably installed in the middle of the sliding column frame 61. A piston storage tube assembly 63 is sealed between the top surface of the lifting sleeve assembly 62 and the bottom surface of the upper end of the sliding column frame 61. The lower end of the piston storage tube assembly 63 is threadedly connected to a piston pushing part 64 for vertically fixing to the bottom surface of the lifting sleeve assembly 62. A material tube head 65 connected to the piston storage tube assembly 63 is connected in the middle of the top surface of the sliding column frame 61. A feed hose 66 is connected between the material tube head 65 and the printhead body 51. The corrugated telescopic heat insulation tube 53 is sleeved on the outside of the tail tube of the feed hose 66 to form a heat-proof barrier for the feed hose 66.

[0025] The four sides of the column printing box 1 are hinged with box doors 11. The upper right side of the column printing box 1 is provided with a feed hose inlet 12. Two guide wheels 13 for guiding the feed hose 66 are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower walls of the feed hose inlet 12.

[0026] The printing base plate 3 has a square structure and is made of aluminum. Multiple small exhaust holes 31 are arrayed on the printing base plate 3.

[0027] The constant temperature heating mechanism 52 includes a threaded sleeve 521, on which a reversing adjustment seat 522 and a locking ring 525 are threadedly connected. A first constant temperature heating component 523 and a second constant temperature heating component 524 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the reversing adjustment seat 522. The first constant temperature heating component 523 includes a fan 5231. A constant temperature heating plate body 5232 is fitted on the negative pressure end of the fan 5231. A guide plate 5233 is provided on the inner side of the lower end of the fan 5231 to form a barrier at the discharge pipe of the print head body 51. The heating temperature of the constant temperature heating plate body 5232 is 60-100℃. The first constant temperature heating component 523 and the second constant temperature heating component 524 have the same structure.

[0028] The exhaust pipe assembly 7 includes an L-shaped pipe 71, the upper end of which is connected to a trapezoidal diffuser 72 located directly below the printing base plate 3. Multiple guide baffles 73 are spaced apart in the cavity of the trapezoidal diffuser 72, and an exhaust fan 74 is connected to the tail end of the L-shaped pipe 71.

[0029] The sliding frame 61 includes a four-column slide 611. The upper bottom surface of the four-column slide 611 is provided with a material storage tube upper sleeve groove 612. A sealing gasket 613 is fitted around the top of the groove 612. A threaded discharge hole 614 for locking the material tube head 65 is provided through the middle of the top of the groove 612. An adjusting screw through hole 615 is provided on the right side of the top surface of the four-column slide 611.

[0030] The lifting sleeve assembly 62 includes a lower sleeve 621. The lower sleeve 621 has a storage tube lower sleeve groove 622 that is perpendicularly aligned with the upper sleeve groove 612 of the storage tube in the middle of its top surface. A push column through-hole 623 is provided in the middle of the bottom of the storage tube lower sleeve groove 622. Multiple drag blocks 624 are provided on the left and right sides of the lower sleeve 621. Each drag block 624 has a sliding column through-hole 625 that fits onto the column of the four-column slide 611. The right end of the lower sleeve 621 is vertically threaded with an adjusting screw body 626 and a rotating seat 627. The upper end of the adjusting screw body 626 passes through the adjusting screw through-hole 615, and the rotating seat 627 is fixed to the upper edge of the adjusting screw through-hole 615.

[0031] The piston storage tube assembly 63 includes a transparent storage tube 631, a piston head 632 is fitted inside the cavity of the transparent storage tube 631, and an upper push post 633 is provided at the lower end of the piston head 632, which passes through the bottom surface of the transparent storage tube 631 and the push post through-hole 623. A nut 634 is fitted on the upper push post 633.

[0032] The piston pushing part 64 adopts a lead screw mechanism or a servo cylinder body. The lead screw mechanism includes a sliding column seat 641, on which a lifting push seat 642 is movably mounted. A lower push column 643 aligned with the upper push column 633 is vertically mounted in the middle of the lifting push seat 642. A lead screw thread hole 644 is opened in the middle of the bottom surface of the lower push column 643. A lead screw 645 is internally threaded in the lead screw thread hole 644. An external thread 646 is opened at the upper end of the column body of the lower push column 643, which is threaded to the nut 634. A servo motor 647 is drivenly connected to the lower end of the lead screw 645.

[0033] Working principle: After the 3D printing non-firing molding material is produced by this process, it needs to be loaded into this equipment. During loading, first loosen the nut 634 to disconnect the connection between the piston storage tube assembly 63 and the piston pusher 64. Then, by rotating the adjusting screw body 626, the lower sleeve 621 is lowered through the threaded connection between the lower sleeve 621 and the adjusting screw body 626, so that the distance between the upper sleeve groove 612 and the lower sleeve groove 622 of the storage tube is widened, thereby directly removing the piston storage tube assembly 63. Then, the 3D printing non-firing molding material is filled into the transparent storage tube 631, and the piston storage tube assembly 63 is fitted back into the storage tube between the upper sleeve groove 612 and the lower sleeve groove 622. It is then locked and fixed by operating the adjusting screw body 626. The upper edge of the transparent storage tube 631 will form a pressure seal with the sealing gasket 613. Finally, the nut 634 is reconnected to the external thread 646 to complete the filling operation.

[0034] Before printing, an oil paper needs to be placed on the top surface of the printing base plate 3. The size of the oil paper should be adapted to the bottom of the ceramic object a1. When printing, the servo screw lifting frame body 2 drives the printing base plate 3 to perform servo lifting, while the horizontal and vertical movement part body 4 drives the print head mechanism 5 to perform horizontal and vertical displacement movement. This is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0035] During the printing process of the printhead mechanism 5, when the piston pusher 64 uses a lead screw mechanism, the servo motor 647 will drive the lead screw 645 to rotate in the lead screw hole 644 at a constant speed. Under the upper lifting and sliding action of the lifting pusher 642 on the sliding column seat 641, the lower pusher 643 and the upper pusher 633 can only push the piston head 632 upward at a constant speed in the transparent material storage tube 631, thereby achieving the purpose of uniform material output from the printhead body 51. In addition, when using the servo cylinder body, by setting the stroke extension time of the servo cylinder body, the purpose of uniformly pushing the piston head 632 upward can be achieved. The servo cylinder body is existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0036] During printing, when the wall of ceramic object a1 is arc-shaped, it is necessary to determine in advance whether to heat and assist in curing the front and rear walls or the inner and outer walls of ceramic object a1. This is done by adjusting the direction of the reversing adjustment seat 522 on the threaded sleeve 521 and locking it in place with the locking ring 525, thus changing the orientation of the two constant temperature heating components. When the print head body 51 is printing layers of the arc-shaped wall of ceramic object a1, the constant temperature heating plate body 5232 maintains a constant temperature of 60-100℃, and the fan 5231 blows hot air towards the lower wall of ceramic object a1 for heating and shaping. The door 1... 1. It needs to be closed to prevent the hot air from escaping and causing the other end of the feed hose 66 to be heated and the material inside the hose to solidify. At the same time, the exhaust pipe group 7 also needs to be opened to draw the hot air in the cavity of the column printing box 1 downward and exhaust it to the outside. When the exhaust pipe group 7 is drawing air, the hot air in the column printing box 1 flows downward from the four sides of the printing base plate 3 and the lower exhaust hole 31. The driven extension and retraction of the corrugated telescopic heat insulation pipe 53 always wraps the tail of the feed hose 66 to insulate it. With the above method in combination, the heat generated by the constant temperature heating mechanism 52 will not cause the tail of the feed hose 66 to be heated and the material inside the hose to solidify.

[0037] In addition, when the wall of the ceramic object a1 is a vertical wall, simply open the four boxes 11 to make the cavity of the column printing box 1 an open structure, allowing natural air to pass through, which can slightly solidify the vertical wall of the ceramic object a1 to prevent collapse and denting, without having to turn on the constant temperature heating mechanism 52 and the exhaust pipe group 7 to save energy.

[0038] In addition, this equipment can also perform 3D printing on conventional sintered clay materials. It is only necessary to perform preliminary drying after the ceramic object a1 is printed and then move it to the outside for sintering. No further details are needed.

[0039] In addition, after the 3D-printed non-fired ceramic object a1 is printed, it is moved to the external environment to be dried and cured by natural wind. After the cement has initially set for 24 hours, it is lightly sprinkled with water for natural curing to prevent cracking. After 3 days, it is soaked in water for maintenance.

[0040] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0041] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A 3D printing process for non-fired ceramics utilizing solid waste, characterized by: The components include 3.5 kg of solid waste, 2.5 kg of cement, 90 g of color powder, 1.65 kg of purified water, 20 g of concrete curing agent, 19.5 g of cellulose, 10-15 g of retarder, 20 g of waterproof mortar, and 6 g of edible oil. The solid waste is one of the following: slag, stone powder, mine slag, construction waste, washed sand dry mud, and waste ceramics; This also includes the following 3D printing non-fired material molding processes: S1: The solid waste material is crushed by a crusher to obtain fine particles, and the fine particles are screened through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain solid waste powder. S2: The solid waste powder, cement, and color powder are mixed together in a mixer to obtain a dry powder raw material for overall use. S3: The pure water, concrete curing agent, cellulose, retarder, waterproof mortar, and edible oil are mixed together evenly using a mixer to obtain the total amount of liquid raw materials. S4: The dry powder raw material of S2 and the liquid raw material of S3 are mixed and stirred together again through a mixer to obtain a 3D printed non-fired clay blank. S5: Send the 3D printed non-fired clay blank from S4 to the roller extruder for two to three extrusions, and mix the 3D printed non-fired clay blank evenly again to eliminate color difference; S6: The 3D printed non-fired clay blanks that have had their color difference eliminated in S5 are then sent to a vacuum clay mixer for two to three rounds of mixing to eliminate air bubbles in the 3D printed non-fired clay blanks, thus obtaining 3D printed non-fired molding raw materials.

2. Equipment for 3D printing of non-fired ceramics using solid waste, characterized in that: The invention includes the solid waste utilization 3D printing non-fired ceramic process described in claim 1, and also includes a column printing box. Two servo screw lifting frame bodies are symmetrically fixed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the cavity of the column printing box. A printing base plate is placed flat between the two servo screw lifting frame bodies. A horizontal and vertical movement part body is provided at the upper end of the cavity of the column printing box. A print head mechanism aligned with the printing base plate is provided on the bottom surface of the walking end of the horizontal and vertical movement part body. A uniform speed pushing mechanism for placing next to the column printing box is connected to the print head mechanism via a flexible hose. An exhaust pipe assembly for downward air extraction from the cavity of the column printing box is installed on the bottom surface of the column printing box. A control box electrically connected to the servo screw lifting frame body, the horizontal and vertical movement part body, the print head mechanism, the uniform speed pushing mechanism, and the exhaust pipe assembly is provided on the column printing box. The printhead mechanism includes a printhead body, a constant temperature heating mechanism is installed in the middle of the printhead body, a corrugated telescopic heat insulation tube is connected to the right side of the printhead body, and the other end of the corrugated telescopic heat insulation tube is horizontally fixed to the inner wall of the column print box. The uniform speed feeding mechanism includes a sliding column frame, a lifting sleeve assembly is movably fitted in the middle of the sliding column frame, a piston storage tube assembly is sealed between the top surface of the lifting sleeve assembly and the bottom surface of the upper end of the sliding column frame, a piston pushing part for vertically fixing on the bottom surface of the lifting sleeve assembly is threaded to the lower end of the piston storage tube assembly, a material tube head communicating with the piston storage tube assembly is connected in the middle of the top surface of the sliding column frame, a feeding hose is connected between the material tube head and the print head body, and a corrugated telescopic heat insulation tube is sleeved on the outside of the tail of the feeding hose to form a heat-proof barrier for the feeding hose.

3. The equipment for 3D printing non-fired ceramics using solid waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The column printing box has doors hinged to its four sides. The upper right side of the column printing box has a feed hose inlet. Two guide wheels for guiding the feed hose are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower walls of the feed hose inlet.

4. The equipment for 3D printing non-fired ceramics using solid waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The printing base plate has a square structure and is made of aluminum. Multiple small exhaust holes are arrayed on the printing base plate.

5. The equipment for 3D printing non-fired ceramics using solid waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The constant temperature heating mechanism includes a threaded sleeve, on which a reversing adjustment seat and a locking ring are threadedly connected. A first constant temperature heating component and a second constant temperature heating component are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the reversing adjustment seat. The first constant temperature heating component includes a fan, and a constant temperature heating plate body is fitted on the negative pressure end of the fan. A guide plate is provided on the inner side of the lower end of the fan to form a barrier at the discharge pipe of the print head body. The heating temperature of the constant temperature heating plate body is 60-100℃. The first constant temperature heating component and the second constant temperature heating component have the same structure.

6. The equipment for 3D printing non-fired ceramics using solid waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe assembly includes an L-shaped pipe, the upper end of which is connected to a trapezoidal diffuser located directly below the printing base plate. Multiple flow guide baffles are spaced apart inside the cavity of the trapezoidal diffuser, and an exhaust fan is connected to the tail end of the L-shaped pipe.

7. The equipment for 3D printing non-fired ceramics using solid waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sliding frame includes a four-column slide. The upper bottom surface of the four-column slide has a groove for the upper sleeve of the storage tube. A sealing gasket is fitted around the top of the groove of the upper sleeve of the storage tube. A threaded discharge hole for locking the tube head is opened through the middle of the top of the groove of the upper sleeve of the storage tube. An adjusting screw through-hole is opened on the right side of the top surface of the four-column slide.

8. The equipment for 3D printing non-fired ceramics using solid waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lifting sleeve assembly includes a lower sleeve, with a storage tube lower sleeve groove vertically aligned with the upper sleeve groove of the storage tube in the center of the top surface of the lower sleeve. A push column through-hole is provided in the center of the bottom of the storage tube lower sleeve groove. Multiple drag blocks are provided on the left and right sides of the lower sleeve, and each drag block has a sliding column through-hole for fitting onto the four-column slide body. An adjusting screw body and a rotating seat are vertically threaded to the right end of the lower sleeve. The upper end of the adjusting screw body passes through the adjusting screw through-hole, and the rotating seat is fixed to the upper edge of the adjusting screw through-hole.

9. The equipment for 3D printing non-fired ceramics using solid waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: The piston storage tube assembly includes a transparent storage tube, a piston head is fitted inside the cavity of the transparent storage tube, and an upper push post is provided at the lower end of the piston head, passing through the bottom surface of the transparent storage tube and the push post opening, and a nut is fitted on the upper push post.

10. The equipment for 3D printing non-fired ceramics using solid waste according to claim 9, characterized in that: The piston pushing part adopts a lead screw mechanism or a servo cylinder body; The lead screw mechanism includes a sliding column seat, on which a lifting push seat is movably mounted. A lower push column, aligned with the upper push column, is vertically mounted in the middle of the lifting push seat. A lead screw thread hole is opened in the middle of the bottom surface of the lower push column, and a lead screw is internally threaded into the lead screw thread hole. An external thread is opened at the upper end of the lower push column body for threaded connection with a nut. A servo motor is driven to the lower end of the lead screw.

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