A novel intelligent tire health monitoring method and system integrated with vibration sensor

Abstract

The application provides a novel intelligent tire health monitoring method and system integrated with a vibration sensor. The method generates a time-domain fluctuation feature representing a real-time vibration state of a tire based on a potential difference generated by the vibration sensor under vibration; wakes up a tire pressure sensor in a dormant state according to the time-domain fluctuation feature; and collects tire internal air pressure data and generates tire pressure fault alarm data for reporting by the awakened tire pressure sensor. Through the linkage mechanism of vibration monitoring and tire pressure monitoring, the reliability and timeliness of tire health evaluation are improved under the premise of ensuring low power consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tire health monitoring technology, and more specifically, to a novel intelligent tire health monitoring method and system integrating a vibration sensor. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of automotive intelligence and connectivity technologies, tires, as the sole carrier of interaction between vehicles and the road surface, require real-time monitoring of their health status for driving safety. Existing intelligent tire monitoring systems typically need to continuously sense tire pressure, temperature, and vibration to identify potential faults such as punctures, bulges, and slow leaks. However, traditional monitoring solutions often employ a multi-sensor, independently operating mode, resulting in high overall system power consumption and a lack of data processing coordination, making it difficult to achieve high-precision fault diagnosis under low-power constraints.

[0003] Existing tire pressure monitoring technologies typically employ a separate architecture for the tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) and vibration monitoring module. This approach first deploys independent tire pressure sensors and vibration accelerometers within the tire. The tire pressure sensors then periodically collect air pressure data at a fixed frequency and transmit it via an radio frequency channel. The vibration monitoring module continuously collects vibration data or reports it separately when a preset threshold is detected. Finally, the vehicle's main unit receives both the air pressure and vibration data and performs simple threshold determinations.

[0004] However, this separate monitoring solution has significant technical drawbacks. Because the tire pressure sensor needs to operate continuously to achieve real-time monitoring, the battery inside the tire is consumed too quickly, making it difficult to meet the application requirements of "zero power consumption" or "long lifespan." Simultaneously, vibration monitoring and tire pressure monitoring lack effective data-level correlation logic. When abnormal tire vibrations occur (such as impacts caused by nail punctures), if the system does not combine real-time air pressure changes for comprehensive judgment, it is prone to false alarms or missed alarms. Furthermore, it cannot distinguish between simple road bumps and tire structural damage, resulting in low fault identification accuracy and poor adaptability of control strategies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a novel intelligent tire health monitoring method and system integrating vibration sensors to at least alleviate the aforementioned technical problems.

[0006] A novel intelligent tire health monitoring method integrating vibration sensors, comprising:

[0007] Step 1: Generate time-domain fluctuation characteristics that characterize the real-time vibration state of the tire based on the potential difference generated by the vibration sensor.

[0008] Step 2: Wake up the tire pressure sensor based on the time-domain fluctuation characteristics to switch it from dormant to active state;

[0009] Step 3: The awakened tire pressure sensor starts the internal pressure sensing module to collect tire internal pressure data, so as to generate tire pressure fault alarm data and report it to the vehicle host.

[0010] Optionally, step 1 further includes: acquiring the mechanical vibration energy of the tire during driving by a vibration sensor integrated inside the tire and in a zero-power standby state to generate a potential difference.

[0011] Optionally, the generation of time-domain fluctuation features characterizing the real-time vibration state of the tire based on the potential difference generated by the vibration sensor includes: generating an original vibration induced current signal based on the potential difference generated by the vibration sensor, and transmitting the original vibration induced current signal to the electrically connected microcontroller unit in real time; the microcontroller unit performs feature separation on the original vibration induced current signal to extract the time-domain fluctuation features characterizing the real-time vibration state of the tire.

[0012] Optionally, the tire pressure sensor is woken up based on the time-domain fluctuation characteristics to switch it from a dormant state to an active state, including: the microcontroller unit performs vibration intensity quantification analysis on the time-domain fluctuation characteristics to obtain real-time vibration amplitude data to wake up the tire pressure sensor and switch it from a dormant state to an active state.

[0013] Optionally, waking up the tire pressure sensor from a dormant state to an active state includes: comparing real-time vibration amplitude data with a preset abnormal vibration warning threshold; when it is determined that the real-time vibration amplitude data exceeds the abnormal vibration warning threshold, the microcontroller confirms that the current tire meets the abnormal triggering condition and generates a tire pressure detection activation command in response to the abnormal triggering condition; the microcontroller sends the tire pressure detection activation command to the tire pressure sensor in a dormant state to wake up the tire pressure sensor and switch it from a dormant state to an active state.

[0014] Optionally, generating tire pressure fault alarm data includes: converting the collected air pressure data into a real-time tire pressure measurement value message and feeding it back to the microcontroller unit; the microcontroller unit parses the real-time tire pressure measurement value message to extract pressure parameters and generates tire pressure fault alarm data based on the pressure parameters.

[0015] Optionally, tire pressure fault alarm data is generated based on pressure parameters, including: verifying the consistency of pressure parameters with a pre-stored standard pressure safety range; if the verification result shows that the pressure parameters deviate from the standard pressure safety range, the microcontroller unit determines that there is a risk of abnormal tire pressure, and performs priority filtering: suppressing the sending of alarms for abnormal triggering conditions, and prioritizing the tire pressure fault alarm data carrying pressure parameters.

[0016] Optionally, the method also includes step 4: if the microcontroller determines that the pressure parameter is within the standard pressure safety range, it confirms that the tire pressure is normal and releases the alarm suppression for the abnormal triggering condition in response to the determination conclusion; the microcontroller reconstructs the abnormal triggering condition into a vibration abnormality monitoring result and reports it to the vehicle host; after receiving the vibration abnormality monitoring result, the vehicle host calls the preset tire health assessment algorithm to perform multi-dimensional fault analysis, and outputs the final health assessment conclusion for the integrity of the tire structure under the logical premise of ensuring normal tire pressure.

[0017] A novel intelligent tire health monitoring system integrating vibration sensors, comprising:

[0018] The feature extraction module, integrated inside the tire, is configured to generate time-domain fluctuation features characterizing the real-time vibration state of the tire based on the potential difference generated by the vibration sensor.

[0019] The wake-up control module is configured to determine tire vibration abnormalities based on received time-domain fluctuation characteristics and generate a wake-up signal in response to the determination result.

[0020] The tire pressure monitoring module is configured to switch from sleep mode to working mode after receiving a wake-up signal, and start the internal pressure sensing module to collect tire internal pressure data, and report the generated tire pressure fault alarm data to the vehicle host.

[0021] A novel intelligent tire health monitoring system integrating vibration sensors, comprising:

[0022] The vibration sensor, integrated inside the tire and in a zero-power standby state, is configured to sense the mechanical vibration energy of the tire during driving and generate a raw vibration signal characterizing the real-time vibration state of the tire based on the potential difference generated by the vibration.

[0023] The microcontroller unit is connected to the vibration sensor signal and is configured to perform feature separation on the original vibration signal to extract time-domain fluctuation features and perform vibration intensity quantification analysis on the time-domain fluctuation features. The microcontroller unit is also configured to compare the real-time vibration amplitude data with the preset abnormal vibration warning threshold and generate a tire pressure detection activation command when the threshold is exceeded.

[0024] The tire pressure sensor is in a dormant state and communicates with the microcontroller unit. It is configured to receive a tire pressure detection activation command and switch from the dormant state to the working state in response to the command. The tire pressure sensor is also configured to start the internal pressure sensing module to collect tire internal pressure data, perform message protocol conversion on the collected pressure data to generate a real-time tire pressure measurement value message, and feed the message back to the microcontroller unit.

[0025] The microcontroller unit is also configured to parse real-time tire pressure measurement data messages to extract pressure parameters, and perform a consistency check between the pressure parameters and the pre-stored standard pressure safety range. If the pressure parameters are determined to deviate from the standard pressure safety range, the microcontroller unit performs priority filtering to suppress vibration anomaly alarms and prioritizes reporting tire pressure fault alarm data containing pressure parameters to the vehicle's main unit. If the pressure parameters are determined to be within the standard pressure safety range, the microcontroller unit removes the alarm suppression and reports the vibration anomaly monitoring results to the vehicle's main unit, so that the vehicle's main unit can call the preset tire health assessment algorithm to output the final health assessment conclusion on the tire structural integrity.

[0026] Technical advantages of the technical solution provided in this application

[0027] This application presents a novel intelligent tire health monitoring method integrating a vibration sensor. Addressing the technical shortcomings of traditional separate monitoring schemes, such as high power consumption and low fault identification accuracy, this method generates time-domain fluctuation characteristics through vibration energy acquisition and feature extraction technology, thus solving the problem of high energy consumption caused by the continuous power supply required by traditional solutions. Compared to traditional monitoring methods that rely on constantly powered batteries, this application utilizes the triboelectric effect to convert mechanical vibration energy into potential difference power, enabling the vibration sensor to operate in a zero-power standby state. This significantly reduces the system's static power consumption and extends the service life of the electronic equipment within the tire.

[0028] This invention awakens the dormant tire pressure sensor based on time-domain fluctuation characteristics, solving the energy waste problem caused by the continuous operation of the tire pressure sensor in traditional solutions. Traditional solutions involve tire pressure sensors operating periodically regardless of road conditions, while this application only awakens the tire pressure sensor for high-precision air pressure detection when abnormal vibrations are detected. This "on-demand wake-up" mechanism makes data acquisition more targeted, ensuring no key data is missed while significantly reducing energy loss from ineffective data collection.

[0029] By prioritizing and logically fusing tire pressure and vibration data through a microcontroller unit, this approach solves the problem of false alarms caused by relying on a single data source in traditional solutions. Traditional solutions often rely solely on pressure or vibration thresholds for independent alarms, failing to distinguish between normal tire pressure with abnormal vibration at the moment of a nail puncture and abnormal tire pressure caused by slow leaks. This application verifies pressure parameters against a standard safe pressure range, prioritizing tire pressure fault reporting and suppressing vibration alarms when tire pressure is abnormal, thus avoiding duplicate alarms. When tire pressure is normal, it focuses on vibration anomaly analysis, outputting a conclusion on tire structural integrity. This linked discrimination mechanism enables the system to more accurately identify the true health status of the tire, significantly improving the accuracy and intelligence of fault diagnosis compared to traditional solutions. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a novel intelligent tire health monitoring method integrating a vibration sensor, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a novel intelligent tire health monitoring system (functional module) integrating a vibration sensor, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a novel intelligent tire health monitoring system (hardware architecture) integrating a vibration sensor, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 4 This application also provides an intelligent safety tire with integrated health monitoring functions.

[0034] Figure 5 This application also provides an intelligent vehicle equipped with intelligent safety tires. Detailed Implementation

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application discloses a novel intelligent tire health monitoring method integrating a vibration sensor, which includes:

[0036] Step 1: Generate time-domain fluctuation characteristics that characterize the real-time vibration state of the tire based on the potential difference generated by the vibration sensor.

[0037] Step 2: Wake up the tire pressure sensor based on the time-domain fluctuation characteristics to switch it from dormant to active state;

[0038] Step 3: The awakened tire pressure sensor starts the internal pressure sensing module to collect tire internal pressure data, so as to generate tire pressure fault alarm data and report it to the vehicle host.

[0039] Optionally, step 1 further includes: acquiring the mechanical vibration energy of the tire during driving by a vibration sensor integrated inside the tire and in a zero-power standby state to generate a potential difference.

[0040] Preferably, in the specific technical implementation of step 1, the vibration sensor is first integrated into the interior of the target tire. Specifically, the integration location is at the interface between the tire carcass ply and the tread rubber layer of the target tire, so that the sensing surface of the vibration sensor forms a complete surface contact with the tread deformation area of ​​the target tire. This avoids the problems of long vibration transmission path and large vibration signal attenuation that exist when traditional separate vibration sensors are installed at the valve stem or wheel hub. It ensures that the vibration sensor can directly and losslessly receive all mechanical vibration signals generated by the target tire during driving, providing a stable physical basis for the effective sensing of subsequent mechanical vibration energy.

[0041] Preferably, during normal driving after vehicle startup, the vibration sensor integrated inside the target tire is in a zero-power standby state throughout. This zero-power standby state is achieved through a self-powered sensing mechanism based on the triboelectric effect. Unlike the low-power sleep mode of traditional vibration sensors that rely on a built-in battery to provide static standby current, the vibration sensor in the zero-power standby state does not require any external vehicle power supply or continuous power supply from the built-in battery. When no effective mechanical vibration of the target tire is received, no static power consumption is generated, thereby significantly reducing the static energy consumption of the target tire health monitoring process. At the same time, it provides a ready-to-operate basis for subsequent sensing actions triggered by mechanical vibration.

[0042] Preferably, as the target tire rotates continuously with the vehicle, the tire tread continuously contacts the road surface and undergoes corresponding deformation. The unevenness of the road surface, the structural deformation of the target tire itself, and the impact generated by the contact between the target tire and the road surface are all synchronously converted into mechanical vibration of the target tire body. This mechanical vibration is directly transmitted to the sensing end of the vibration sensor, which is in a zero-power standby state, through the tire carcass ply and the tread rubber layer. This causes the sensing end of the vibration sensor to undergo synchronous reciprocating deformation with the mechanical vibration of the target tire, thereby completely capturing all the mechanical vibration energy generated by the target tire during driving and completing the real-time vibration state of the target tire without delay.

[0043] Preferably, during the synchronous reciprocating deformation of the sensing end of the vibration sensor in response to the mechanical vibration of the target tire, the two sets of composite functional layers with electrodes arranged inside it will periodically contact and separate with the deformation. During the contact and bonding process of the two sets of composite functional layers, the surface charge will be transferred in a directional manner due to the contact electrification characteristics of the material. During the separation process of the two sets of composite functional layers with deformation, the transferred surface charge will form an uneven charge distribution state between the electrodes corresponding to the two sets of composite functional layers. In this way, the mechanical vibration energy of the target tire previously captured is converted into electrical energy corresponding to the mechanical vibration state, thus completing the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy without external power supply.

[0044] Preferably, between the electrodes corresponding to the two sets of composite functional layers inside the vibration sensor, a potential difference is formed due to the uneven charge distribution. The fluctuation of the potential difference directly corresponds to the mechanical vibration state of the target tire. The higher the mechanical vibration intensity of the target tire, the greater the contact separation amplitude of the composite functional layers, the higher the degree of charge imbalance between the electrodes, and the higher the amplitude of the generated potential difference. The faster the mechanical vibration frequency of the target tire, the shorter the contact separation cycle of the composite functional layers, and the faster the fluctuation frequency of the generated potential difference. In this way, the real-time vibration state of the target tire can be completely and in real-time characterized by the generated potential difference.

[0045] Preferably, the vibration sensor transmits the generated potential difference in real time to the microcontroller unit that forms a fixed electrical connection with the vibration sensor through a pre-deployed low-loss signal transmission line. The transmitted potential difference can provide the corresponding trigger power for the edge trigger wake-up of the microcontroller unit, so that the microcontroller unit does not need to maintain a continuous operating state. On the other hand, it can provide the original vibration sensing data source for the subsequent signal conversion and feature separation processing of the microcontroller unit. In this way, the entire process of sensing the mechanical vibration energy of the target tire and generating the potential difference is completed, providing complete pre-processing technical support for the subsequent generation of time-domain fluctuation characteristics that characterize the real-time vibration state of the tire based on the potential difference.

[0046] Preferably, when the target tire is stationary or the vehicle is traveling at a constant speed on a flat road surface and the target tire has not undergone abnormal deformation, the reciprocating deformation amplitude of the vibration sensor's sensing end is at a low level, and the generated potential difference amplitude is also in the corresponding low range. At this time, the microcontroller's wake-up action will not be triggered, and the vibration sensor maintains a zero-power standby state. This avoids invalid power consumption and data processing actions when the target tire is not abnormal, further optimizing the overall energy consumption performance of the target tire health monitoring process. At the same time, it enables the subsequent monitoring process to be executed only when the target tire undergoes effective vibration changes, improving the targeting of the monitoring action.

[0047] Optionally, the generation of time-domain fluctuation features characterizing the real-time vibration state of the tire based on the potential difference generated by the vibration sensor includes: generating an original vibration induced current signal based on the potential difference generated by the vibration sensor, and transmitting the original vibration induced current signal to the electrically connected microcontroller unit in real time; the microcontroller unit performs feature separation on the original vibration induced current signal to extract the time-domain fluctuation features characterizing the real-time vibration state of the tire.

[0048] Preferably, in the specific technical implementation of step 1, the potential difference generated by the vibration sensor is used as the processing object. The potential difference is processed by current conversion through the signal conditioning front end integrated inside the vibration sensor to generate an original vibration induced current signal that completely corresponds to the fluctuation state of the potential difference. The fluctuation amplitude and fluctuation frequency of the original vibration induced current signal form a one-to-one linear mapping relationship with the fluctuation amplitude and fluctuation frequency of the potential difference, completely replicating the real-time vibration state of the target tire represented by the potential difference, and providing a complete and distortion-free original data source for subsequent transmission and feature extraction processing of the original vibration induced current signal.

[0049] Preferably, the vibration sensor transmits the generated original vibration induced current signal in real time and without delay through a pre-deployed low-impedance signal transmission line electrically connected to the microcontroller unit. This ensures that the original vibration induced current signal is completely sent to the electrically connected microcontroller unit. The low-impedance signal transmission line reduces the attenuation amplitude and the probability of interference introduction of the original vibration induced current signal during transmission, ensuring that the original vibration induced current signal received by the microcontroller unit is consistent with the original vibration induced current signal generated by the vibration sensor, and avoiding deviations in subsequent feature extraction due to distortion in the transmission of the original vibration induced current signal.

[0050] Preferably, after receiving the original vibration induced current signal, the microcontroller first performs a preprocessing operation on the original vibration induced current signal to generate a standardized vibration induced current signal that meets the requirements of feature separation processing. The preprocessing operation specifically includes baseline correction processing, power frequency interference filtering processing, and invalid spike removal processing. The baseline correction processing is used to eliminate the DC offset component in the original vibration induced current signal caused by the zero drift of the vibration sensor. The power frequency interference filtering processing is used to eliminate the fixed frequency interference component introduced by the vehicle electrical equipment in the original vibration induced current signal. The invalid spike removal processing is used to eliminate the non-vibration-related spike component in the original vibration induced current signal caused by instantaneous electromagnetic interference, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the original vibration induced current signal and providing a high-quality signal foundation for subsequent feature separation processing.

[0051] Preferably, the microcontroller takes the generated standardized vibration induced current signal as the processing object and performs time-domain feature separation processing on the standardized vibration induced current signal to separate the effective vibration signal component directly related to the vibration state of the target tire itself. The feature separation processing is based on the target tire's natural frequency range pre-stored in the microcontroller. High-frequency interference components of random road bumps and low-frequency vibration components transmitted by the vehicle body structure that are outside the target tire's natural frequency range are separated and eliminated from the standardized vibration induced current signal. Only the effective vibration signal component directly related to the target tire's structural deformation and contact impact is retained. This eliminates vibration interference caused by factors other than the target tire itself and ensures that the subsequently extracted time-domain fluctuation features can accurately represent the true vibration state of the target tire itself.

[0052] Preferably, the microcontroller takes the separated effective vibration signal components as the processing object and performs time-domain feature parameter extraction processing on the effective vibration signal components to generate time-domain fluctuation features characterizing the real-time vibration state of the target tire. The time-domain fluctuation features specifically include the time-domain amplitude parameter, fluctuation period parameter, peak interval parameter, and impact duration parameter of the effective vibration signal components. The time-domain amplitude parameter corresponds to the intensity of the target tire vibration, the fluctuation period parameter corresponds to the vibration change law during the rotation of the target tire, the peak interval parameter corresponds to the impact location during each rotation of the target tire, and the impact duration parameter corresponds to the impact duration of the target tire. Through the combination of multi-dimensional time-domain parameters, the time-domain fluctuation features can completely and multi-dimensionally characterize the real-time vibration state of the target tire.

[0053] Preferably, after generating the time-domain fluctuation characteristics, the microcontroller performs data validity verification processing on the time-domain fluctuation characteristics to generate valid time-domain fluctuation characteristics that meet the requirements of the tire pressure sensor wake-up processing in step 2. The data validity verification processing specifically includes data continuity verification, amplitude rationality verification, and period matching verification. Among them, data continuity verification is used to confirm that the sampling points of the time-domain fluctuation characteristics are continuous and complete, without data loss or interruption. Amplitude rationality verification is used to confirm that the amplitude of the time-domain fluctuation characteristics is within a reasonable range that can be generated by the physical structure of the target tire. Period matching verification is used to confirm that the fluctuation period of the time-domain fluctuation characteristics matches the current rotation period of the target tire. The valid time-domain fluctuation characteristics generated after passing the verification will be synchronously cached in the built-in storage unit of the microcontroller and transmitted to the subsequent vibration intensity quantification analysis stage, providing the core judgment basis for the tire pressure sensor wake-up action in step 2.

[0054] Preferably, in the entire process of generating the original vibration induced current signal, transmitting the original vibration induced current signal, preprocessing, feature separation, and extracting time-domain fluctuation features, the microcontroller only activates the corresponding signal processing module inside the microcontroller to perform the corresponding operation when it receives the original vibration induced current signal transmitted by the vibration sensor. When there is no original vibration induced current signal input, the signal processing module of the microcontroller remains in a closed state, and only the signal receiving port of the microcontroller is kept in a low-power listening state. This further reduces the operating power consumption of the entire target tire health monitoring process. Unlike the traditional solution where the microcontroller needs to run continuously to perform the acquisition and processing of the original vibration induced current signal, this solution further optimizes the overall power consumption performance of the target tire health monitoring system while achieving real-time processing of the original vibration induced current signal and accurate extraction of time-domain fluctuation features.

[0055] Optionally, the tire pressure sensor is woken up based on the time-domain fluctuation characteristics to switch it from a dormant state to an active state, including: the microcontroller unit performs vibration intensity quantification analysis on the time-domain fluctuation characteristics to obtain real-time vibration amplitude data to wake up the tire pressure sensor and switch it from a dormant state to an active state.

[0056] Preferably, in the specific technical implementation of step 2, the time-domain fluctuation characteristics representing the real-time vibration state of the target tire generated in step 1 are used as the sole processing object. The vibration intensity quantification analysis module inside the microcontroller is activated to perform the corresponding processing. This vibration intensity quantification analysis module only switches from the dormant state to the working state when it receives complete time-domain fluctuation characteristics. Under the condition that there are no effective time-domain fluctuation characteristics input, it remains in the off state, thereby reducing the operating power consumption of the microcontroller. At the same time, it provides a dedicated processing channel for the subsequent vibration intensity quantification analysis calculation process, avoiding interference from other signal processing tasks to the vibration intensity quantification analysis process.

[0057] Preferably, after the microcontroller unit starts the vibration intensity quantification analysis module, it first performs periodic synchronous segmentation processing on the time-domain fluctuation characteristics to generate a single-cycle time-domain fluctuation characteristic segment corresponding to a single rotation of the target tire. The periodic synchronous segmentation processing takes the rotation cycle of the target tire as the benchmark and equally divides the continuous time-domain fluctuation characteristics according to the time interval corresponding to each complete rotation of the target tire. Each single-cycle time-domain fluctuation characteristic segment completely covers all vibration changes during a single rotation of the target tire. In this way, the continuous time-domain fluctuation characteristics are decomposed into standardized segments that can be compared and analyzed lap by lap, providing a unified processing benchmark for the accurate quantification of vibration intensity in the future.

[0058] Preferably, the microcontroller takes the generated single-cycle time-domain fluctuation feature segment as the processing object, and performs time-domain peak extraction processing on each single-cycle time-domain fluctuation feature segment to generate single-cycle vibration peak data of the corresponding single-cycle time-domain fluctuation feature segment. Specifically, the time-domain peak extraction processing identifies the positive vibration extreme value and the negative vibration extreme value within the single-cycle time-domain fluctuation feature segment, calculates the difference between the positive vibration extreme value and the negative vibration extreme value, and defines the difference as the single-cycle vibration peak data of the corresponding single-cycle time-domain fluctuation feature segment. The single-cycle vibration peak data directly corresponds to the maximum vibration intensity during a single rotation of the target tire, thereby completing the basic quantification of the single-rotation vibration intensity of the target tire.

[0059] Preferably, the microcontroller performs a moving average filtering process on multiple continuously generated single-cycle vibration peak data to generate real-time vibration amplitude data that characterizes the current real-time vibration state of the target tire. The moving average filtering process uses a preset number of consecutive single cycles as a sliding window, calculates the mean of all single-cycle vibration peak data within the sliding window, and defines the calculated mean result as the real-time vibration amplitude data. The moving average filtering process can eliminate the jump in single-cycle vibration peak data caused by instantaneous road surface interference during a single rotation of the target tire, so that the generated real-time vibration amplitude data can stably and realistically characterize the continuous vibration intensity of the target tire, rather than instantaneous disturbance vibration.

[0060] Preferably, after generating real-time vibration amplitude data, the microcontroller performs amplitude validity verification on the real-time vibration amplitude data to generate valid real-time vibration amplitude data that meets the wake-up determination requirements. The amplitude validity verification specifically includes amplitude range rationality verification and change trend continuity verification. The amplitude range rationality verification is used to confirm that the real-time vibration amplitude data is within the vibration amplitude range that the physical structure of the target tire can generate, and to exclude abnormal data that exceeds the physical limits. The change trend continuity verification is used to confirm that the change trend of the real-time vibration amplitude data matches the driving condition change trend of the target tire, and to exclude invalid data caused by sudden changes due to signal interference. The valid real-time vibration amplitude data that passes the verification will be cached in the determination register inside the microcontroller to provide core reference data for the subsequent wake-up determination of the tire pressure sensor.

[0061] Preferably, the microcontroller compares the valid real-time vibration amplitude data cached in the determination register with the abnormal vibration warning threshold pre-stored in the microcontroller. When the valid real-time vibration amplitude data exceeds the abnormal vibration warning threshold, the microcontroller confirms that the target tire is currently at risk of abnormal vibration and generates a tire pressure sensor wake-up command in response to the determination result. The microcontroller sends the tire pressure sensor wake-up command to the tire pressure sensor in a dormant state through a pre-established wired communication link, thereby triggering the wake-up of the tire pressure sensor through real-time vibration amplitude data and providing a trigger signal for the tire pressure sensor to switch from a dormant state to a working state.

[0062] Preferably, the tire pressure sensor in dormant state retains only the low-power monitoring function of the communication receiving port. The pressure sensing module, data processing module, and signal transmission module inside the tire pressure sensor are all in a power-off state. After receiving the tire pressure sensor wake-up command from the microcontroller unit, the tire pressure sensor first completes the power-on initialization of the pressure sensing module, data processing module, and signal transmission module through the internal power management unit, thereby completing the complete switch from dormant state to working state. At the same time, after completing the state switch, the tire pressure sensor will send a state-ready feedback message back to the microcontroller unit to inform the microcontroller unit that it has been woken up and can perform subsequent air pressure data acquisition operations.

[0063] Preferably, if the microcontroller unit does not receive a status ready feedback message from the tire pressure sensor within a preset time interval after issuing the tire pressure sensor wake-up command, the microcontroller unit determines that the wake-up operation has failed. At this time, the microcontroller unit will re-execute the abnormal vibration warning threshold comparison operation based on the currently updated real-time vibration amplitude data. When it is confirmed again that the valid real-time vibration amplitude data exceeds the abnormal vibration warning threshold, the microcontroller unit will issue the tire pressure sensor wake-up command again. This ensures that the tire pressure sensor can be stably woken up when the target tire has an abnormal vibration risk, avoiding wake-up failure due to a single communication anomaly, and achieving continuity and reliability of target tire health monitoring.

[0064] Optionally, waking up the tire pressure sensor from a dormant state to an active state includes: comparing real-time vibration amplitude data with a preset abnormal vibration warning threshold; when it is determined that the real-time vibration amplitude data exceeds the abnormal vibration warning threshold, the microcontroller confirms that the current tire meets the abnormal triggering condition and generates a tire pressure detection activation command in response to the abnormal triggering condition; the microcontroller sends the tire pressure detection activation command to the tire pressure sensor in a dormant state to wake up the tire pressure sensor and switch it from a dormant state to an active state.

[0065] Preferably, in the specific technical implementation of step 2, the effective real-time vibration amplitude data generated by the vibration intensity quantification analysis in step 2 is used as the core comparison object. First, the reading and consistency verification of the comparison benchmark data are performed to generate standardized comparison benchmark data that meets the requirements of numerical comparison. The microcontroller first reads the effective real-time vibration amplitude data cached after the amplitude validity verification is completed from the internal decision register, and at the same time reads the pre-stored abnormal vibration warning threshold from the internal non-volatile storage unit. Then, the data format and dimension consistency verification is performed on the effective real-time vibration amplitude data and the abnormal vibration warning threshold to ensure that the physical dimensions of the two sets of comparison data are unified and the data format is matched. This provides unbiased standardized comparison benchmark data for subsequent numerical comparison operations and avoids errors in the comparison results caused by data format or dimension mismatch.

[0066] Preferably, the microcontroller unit uses the generated standardized comparison benchmark data as a basis to perform continuous sliding window comparison processing on the effective real-time vibration amplitude data and the abnormal vibration warning threshold within the standardized comparison benchmark data to generate a multi-cycle continuous comparison result dataset. The continuous sliding window comparison processing uses a preset number of continuous sampling cycles as the comparison window length. In each sampling cycle, the updated effective real-time vibration amplitude data and the abnormal vibration warning threshold are compared numerically once. The comparison results in each sampling cycle are continuously stored in chronological order to form a multi-cycle continuous comparison result dataset. Unlike the single sampling comparison mode used in traditional solutions, multi-cycle continuous comparison can effectively filter out single interference data caused by instantaneous road impacts during the target tire's driving process, avoiding miscomparisons caused by instantaneous interference.

[0067] Preferably, the microcontroller performs anomaly validity determination processing on the generated multi-period continuous comparison result dataset to confirm whether the target tire meets the anomaly triggering conditions. Specifically, the anomaly validity determination processing involves counting the number of consecutive sampling periods in the multi-period continuous comparison result dataset where the effective real-time vibration amplitude data exceeds the abnormal vibration warning threshold. When the number of consecutive sampling periods reaches the preset number of valid determination periods, the microcontroller confirms that the current vibration anomaly of the target tire is a continuous anomaly, rather than a momentary road disturbance, and thus determines that the target tire meets the anomaly triggering conditions. This determination logic can effectively distinguish between continuous vibration caused by the target tire's own structural anomaly and momentary vibration caused by road bumps, significantly reducing the probability of false triggering of subsequent wake-up operations.

[0068] Preferably, after confirming that the target tire meets the abnormal triggering conditions, the microcontroller immediately responds to the abnormal triggering conditions by executing instruction generation processing to generate a tire pressure detection activation instruction. During the instruction generation process, the microcontroller first writes the valid real-time vibration amplitude data, the number of abnormal duration cycles, and the identification code of the target tire corresponding to the current abnormal triggering conditions into the instruction data segment of the tire pressure detection activation instruction. At the same time, it adds an address check code and a data check code to the tire pressure detection activation instruction. The address check code is used to match the tire pressure sensor to which the target tire belongs, avoiding false wake-up of the tire pressure sensors of other tires. The data check code is used to ensure the data integrity of the tire pressure detection activation instruction during transmission, thereby generating a tire pressure detection activation instruction that can be accurately identified by the tire pressure sensor to which the target tire belongs and carries complete abnormal triggering context information.

[0069] Preferably, the microcontroller unit transmits the generated tire pressure detection activation command via a pre-established wired communication link with the tire pressure sensor. This ensures the tire pressure detection activation command is transmitted completely and without distortion to the tire pressure sensor in a dormant state. During the transmission process, the microcontroller unit first wakes up the transmitting channel of the wired communication link, encapsulates the tire pressure detection activation command into a data frame according to a preset communication protocol, and then continuously transmits the encapsulated data frame multiple times at a fixed transmission baud rate. Simultaneously, the receiving port of the wired communication link is opened to wait for the tire pressure sensor to receive feedback. This ensures that the tire pressure sensor in a dormant state can completely receive the tire pressure detection activation command, avoiding wake-up failure due to packet loss during a single transmission.

[0070] Preferably, the tire pressure sensor in sleep mode receives the tire pressure detection activation command issued by the microcontroller unit through a communication receiving port that is continuously in a low-power listening state. The sensor then performs a validity check on the tire pressure detection activation command to trigger the switch from sleep mode to working mode. The validity check first matches and verifies the address checksum of the tire pressure detection activation command to confirm that the command is a dedicated command sent to the current tire pressure sensor. Next, it verifies the integrity of the data checksum of the tire pressure detection activation command to confirm that the data has not been tampered with or lost during transmission. When both checks pass, the tire pressure sensor confirms that it has received a valid tire pressure detection activation command, thus completing the pre-verification for wake-up triggering and avoiding false wake-ups caused by interference signals.

[0071] Preferably, after verifying the validity of the tire pressure detection activation command, the tire pressure sensor immediately performs power-on initialization through its internally integrated power management unit to complete the switch from sleep state to working state. During the power-on initialization process, the power management unit first supplies power to the data processing module inside the tire pressure sensor to complete the operation initialization of the data processing module, and then supplies power to the pressure sensing module inside the tire pressure sensor to complete the sampling channel initialization of the pressure sensing module. After all functional modules have completed power-on initialization and passed the self-test, the tire pressure sensor officially enters the working state. At the same time, the tire pressure sensor sends a wake-up completion confirmation message back to the microcontroller unit to inform the microcontroller unit that it has completed the switch from sleep state to working state and can perform subsequent air pressure data acquisition operations, thereby realizing a complete closed loop from the issuance of the tire pressure detection activation command to the switching of the tire pressure sensor state.

[0072] Preferably, if the microcontroller unit does not receive a wake-up completion confirmation message from the tire pressure sensor within a preset time interval after issuing the tire pressure detection activation command, the microcontroller unit determines that the wake-up transmission has failed. At this time, the microcontroller unit will re-execute the continuous sliding window comparison process of the valid real-time vibration amplitude data and the abnormal vibration warning threshold. When it is confirmed again that the target tire meets the abnormal triggering conditions, the microcontroller unit will regenerate the tire pressure detection activation command and execute the transmission process again. In this way, the tire pressure sensor can be stably woken up under the condition that the target tire has continuous abnormal vibration, avoiding wake-up failure caused by abnormal communication transmission, and realizing the continuity and reliability of the target tire health monitoring process.

[0073] Optionally, generating tire pressure fault alarm data includes: converting the collected air pressure data into a real-time tire pressure measurement value message and feeding it back to the microcontroller unit; the microcontroller unit parses the real-time tire pressure measurement value message to extract pressure parameters and generates tire pressure fault alarm data based on the pressure parameters.

[0074] Preferably, in the specific technical implementation of step 3, the internal tire pressure data collected by the pressure sensing module inside the tire pressure sensor is taken as the processing object. The data processing module integrated inside the tire pressure sensor first performs analog-to-digital conversion processing on the pressure data to generate standardized digital pressure data. The analog-to-digital conversion processing adopts a conversion accuracy that matches the range of the pressure sensing module, converting the continuously changing analog pressure signal output by the pressure sensing module into discrete, standardized digital pressure data that can be recognized and processed by the data processing module integrated inside the tire pressure sensor. This eliminates the interference effect in the analog signal transmission process and provides a stable and distortion-free data source for the subsequent generation of real-time tire pressure measurement numerical messages.

[0075] Preferably, the tire pressure sensor uses the generated standardized digital tire pressure data as a basis to perform protocol-adaptive message encapsulation processing to generate a real-time tire pressure measurement value message that can be accurately identified by the microcontroller unit. During the message encapsulation process, the tire pressure sensor first writes the unique identification code of the target tire, the timestamp of the air pressure data acquisition, the standardized digital air pressure data, and the tire pressure sensor's operating status code into the data segment of the real-time tire pressure measurement value message in sequence. Then, it adds an address check code and a cyclic redundancy check code to the real-time tire pressure measurement value message. The address check code is used to match the microcontroller unit corresponding to the target tire to prevent the real-time tire pressure measurement value message from being mistakenly received by the control unit of other tires. The cyclic redundancy check code is used to ensure the data integrity of the real-time tire pressure measurement value message during transmission, thereby generating a real-time tire pressure measurement value message that conforms to the preset communication protocol specifications.

[0076] Preferably, the tire pressure sensor generates a real-time tire pressure measurement value message and performs feedback transmission processing through a pre-established wired communication link with the microcontroller unit to send the real-time tire pressure measurement value message completely and without delay to the microcontroller unit that is communicatively connected to the tire pressure sensor. The feedback transmission processing adopts a low-power burst transmission mode. The tire pressure sensor only wakes up the sending channel of the wired communication link during the time period of generating the real-time tire pressure measurement value message. After completing the transmission of the real-time tire pressure measurement value message, the sending channel of the wired communication link is immediately closed. At the same time, after the transmission is completed, the receiving port of the wired communication link is opened to wait for the real-time tire pressure measurement value message reception confirmation instruction from the microcontroller unit. In this way, the reliable delivery of the real-time tire pressure measurement value message is ensured while reducing transmission power consumption.

[0077] Preferably, after the microcontroller receives the real-time tire pressure measurement data message through the receiving port of the wired communication link, it first performs a double validity check on the real-time tire pressure measurement data message to confirm its validity. The double validity check first matches and verifies the address check code of the real-time tire pressure measurement data message to confirm that the real-time tire pressure measurement data message is a dedicated message sent by the tire pressure sensor of the corresponding target tire. Then, it performs an integrity check on the cyclic redundancy check code of the real-time tire pressure measurement data message to confirm that the real-time tire pressure measurement data message has not been tampered with, lost, or corrupted during transmission. Only when both checks pass will the microcontroller perform subsequent protocol parsing processing on the real-time tire pressure measurement data message, thereby eliminating the interference of invalid real-time tire pressure measurement data messages to subsequent data processing.

[0078] Preferably, the microcontroller performs protocol parsing processing on the real-time tire pressure measurement data message that has passed dual validity verification, in order to extract the core pressure parameters from the data segment of the real-time tire pressure measurement data message. The protocol parsing processing decomposes the data segment of the real-time tire pressure measurement data message field by field according to the communication protocol specification corresponding to the message encapsulation processing, extracts the standardized digital air pressure data corresponding to the air pressure inside the target tire from the data segment of the real-time tire pressure measurement data message, and defines the standardized digital air pressure data as the pressure parameter. The magnitude of the pressure parameter forms a one-to-one linear mapping relationship with the real-time air pressure value inside the target tire, which can directly and accurately represent the real-time air pressure status inside the target tire, thereby completing the extraction of the core parameters from the real-time tire pressure measurement data message.

[0079] Preferably, the microcontroller performs validity verification processing on the extracted pressure parameters to generate valid pressure parameters that meet the requirements for tire pressure fault determination. The validity verification processing specifically includes pressure value range rationality verification and continuous sampling consistency verification. The pressure value range rationality verification is used to confirm that the pressure parameter value is within the pressure range that the physical structure of the target tire can withstand, and to exclude abnormal and invalid pressure parameters that exceed the physical limits. The continuous sampling consistency verification is used to confirm that the trend of pressure parameter value change matches the pressure change law of the target tire, and to exclude invalid pressure parameters that change abruptly due to signal interference. The valid pressure parameters generated after the verification is passed will serve as the sole core judgment basis for the subsequent tire pressure fault alarm data generation.

[0080] Preferably, the microcontroller unit uses the generated effective pressure parameters as the core basis to perform fault feature matching and alarm data encapsulation processing to generate tire pressure fault alarm data. The fault feature matching processing compares the effective pressure parameters with the pre-stored standard pressure safety range to identify the abnormality type and abnormality level corresponding to the effective pressure parameters. The alarm data encapsulation processing sequentially encapsulates the unique identification code of the target tire, the effective pressure parameters, the abnormality type identifier, the abnormality level identifier, and the data acquisition timestamp into the tire pressure fault alarm data. At the same time, the tire pressure fault alarm data is configured with the highest level of transmission priority, which is higher than the transmission priority of vibration abnormality related alarm data. In this way, tire pressure fault alarm data carrying complete fault information can be directly reported to the vehicle host.

[0081] Preferably, if the microcontroller fails the dual validity check of the real-time tire pressure measurement data message, or cannot extract a valid pressure parameter from the real-time tire pressure measurement data message, the microcontroller will immediately send a retransmission command for the real-time tire pressure measurement data message to the corresponding tire pressure sensor. This will control the tire pressure sensor to re-execute the air pressure data acquisition, analog-to-digital conversion processing, and message encapsulation processing, and re-feed back the real-time tire pressure measurement data message. The microcontroller will then re-execute the dual validity check and protocol parsing processing on the retransmitted real-time tire pressure measurement data message until a valid pressure parameter is obtained, or the preset maximum number of retransmissions is reached. This ensures that the real-time air pressure data of the target tire can still be stably obtained even under abnormal communication conditions, avoiding missed fault detection due to abnormal data transmission.

[0082] Optionally, tire pressure fault alarm data is generated based on pressure parameters, including: verifying the consistency of pressure parameters with a pre-stored standard pressure safety range; if the verification result shows that the pressure parameters deviate from the standard pressure safety range, the microcontroller unit determines that there is a risk of abnormal tire pressure, and performs priority filtering: suppressing the sending of alarms for abnormal triggering conditions, and prioritizing the tire pressure fault alarm data carrying pressure parameters.

[0083] Preferably, in the specific technical implementation of step 3, the pressure parameters extracted from the real-time tire pressure measurement data message are taken as the core verification object. First, the reading and matching processing of the verification benchmark data is performed to generate a standardized verification benchmark that meets the requirements of numerical consistency verification. The microcontroller first reads the pre-stored standard pressure safety range that uniquely matches the target tire from its internal non-volatile storage unit. The pre-stored standard pressure safety range is the normal air pressure fluctuation range pre-calibrated according to the target tire model, rated load capacity, and vehicle driving conditions. At the same time, the microcontroller performs dimensional consistency verification on the read pre-stored standard pressure safety range and pressure parameters to ensure that the physical dimensions of the two sets of data are completely consistent. This provides an unbiased standardized verification benchmark for subsequent numerical consistency verification and avoids errors in verification results caused by dimensional mismatch.

[0084] Preferably, the microcontroller unit performs numerical consistency verification processing on the pressure parameters and the pre-stored standard pressure safety range based on the generated standardized verification benchmark, in order to generate a pressure parameter consistency verification result. The numerical consistency verification processing is specifically divided into two stages: interval boundary comparison and continuous change trend comparison. The interval boundary comparison is based on the pre-stored standard pressure safety range within the standardized verification benchmark, and is used to confirm whether the value of the pressure parameter is between the upper and lower limits of the pre-stored standard pressure safety range. The continuous change trend comparison is based on the normal change rate corresponding to the pre-stored standard pressure safety range within the standardized verification benchmark, and is used to confirm whether the change rate of the pressure parameter in the continuous sampling period is within the normal change rate range corresponding to the pre-stored standard pressure safety range. The microcontroller unit integrates the comparison results of the two stages to generate the final pressure parameter consistency verification result. The pressure parameter consistency verification result is divided into two types: pressure parameter within the pre-stored standard pressure safety range and pressure parameter deviating from the pre-stored standard pressure safety range, thereby completing the accurate determination of the real-time air pressure status of the target tire.

[0085] Preferably, when the pressure parameter consistency verification result shows that the pressure parameter deviates from the pre-stored standard pressure safety range, the microcontroller immediately performs tire pressure anomaly risk identification and classification processing to confirm the current tire pressure anomaly risk of the target tire. The microcontroller first identifies the specific type of tire pressure anomaly based on the direction and magnitude of the deviation between the pressure parameter and the pre-stored standard pressure safety range. The deviation direction includes overpressure anomaly (pressure parameter higher than the upper limit of the pre-stored standard pressure safety range) and underpressure anomaly (pressure parameter lower than the lower limit of the pre-stored standard pressure safety range). Then, based on the magnitude of the deviation, the tire pressure anomaly risk is classified into different levels. At the same time, the microcontroller synchronously caches the tire pressure anomaly type, anomaly risk level, pressure parameter deviation value, and sampling timestamp into the internal anomaly data register, thereby completing the complete judgment of tire pressure anomaly risk and providing the core judgment basis for subsequent priority filtering processing.

[0086] Preferably, after confirming that the target tire has an abnormal tire pressure risk, the microcontroller immediately responds to the tire pressure abnormality risk determination result and initiates a priority filtering processing mechanism to perform priority sorting and control of alarm data. The priority filtering processing mechanism is pre-configured in the microcontroller, and the configuration clearly states that the transmission priority of tire pressure fault alarm data is higher than the transmission priority of vibration abnormality alarm data for abnormal trigger conditions. After initiating the priority filtering processing mechanism, the microcontroller first reads the tire pressure abnormality risk-related data cached in the internal abnormal data register, and at the same time reads the vibration abnormality alarm data corresponding to the abnormal trigger conditions that previously triggered the tire pressure sensor to wake up. This provides a complete processing object for the priority filtering processing, ensuring that priority control covers all alarm data to be sent.

[0087] Preferably, during the priority filtering process, the microcontroller first performs transmission suppression processing on the vibration anomaly alarm data corresponding to the abnormal triggering condition, thereby blocking the reporting channel of the vibration anomaly alarm data for the abnormal triggering condition. Specifically, the microcontroller closes the transmission channel of the vibration anomaly alarm data for the abnormal triggering condition, temporarily stores the cached vibration anomaly alarm data for the abnormal triggering condition in the internal non-volatile storage unit, and stops the reporting encapsulation and transmission scheduling operation of the vibration anomaly alarm data for the abnormal triggering condition. This completely suppresses the alarm transmission for the abnormal triggering condition, avoiding the problem of duplicate alarms and alarm priority confusion caused by simultaneously reporting vibration anomaly alarm data and tire pressure fault alarm data for the abnormal triggering condition when the risk of tire pressure abnormality has been confirmed. It also avoids the confusion of judgment logic after the vehicle host receives multiple sets of alarm data.

[0088] Preferably, after completing the alarm transmission suppression processing for abnormal triggering conditions, the microcontroller immediately performs standardized encapsulation and priority reporting processing of tire pressure fault alarm data to prioritize the transmission of tire pressure fault alarm data carrying pressure parameters to the vehicle's host computer. The microcontroller first encapsulates the unique identification code of the target tire, the real-time value of the pressure parameter, the baseline value of the pre-stored standard pressure safety range, the tire pressure anomaly type, the anomaly risk level, and the data acquisition timestamp into the data segment of the tire pressure fault alarm data. At the same time, it configures the tire pressure fault alarm data with the highest level of transmission scheduling authority. Through the communication link established with the vehicle's host computer, the microcontroller prioritizes the reporting and transmission of the encapsulated tire pressure fault alarm data. Before the tire pressure fault alarm data is reported and a receipt confirmation instruction is received from the vehicle's host computer, no other alarm data reporting operation is initiated, thereby ensuring the priority transmission of tire pressure fault alarm data carrying pressure parameters.

[0089] Preferably, if the microcontroller receives an alarm processing response instruction from the vehicle's main unit after the tire pressure fault alarm data has been reported, the microcontroller will perform subsequent processing of the temporarily stored vibration abnormality alarm data for the abnormal triggering conditions according to the content of the alarm processing response instruction. If the alarm processing response instruction from the vehicle's main unit requires supplementary vibration abnormality related data, the microcontroller will unseal and report the vibration abnormality alarm data corresponding to the abnormal triggering conditions that were previously temporarily stored. If the alarm processing response instruction from the vehicle's main unit has completed the confirmation of the handling of the tire pressure abnormality, the microcontroller will clear the temporarily stored vibration abnormality alarm data for the abnormal triggering conditions. This completes the closed loop of the priority filtering process and ensures the integrity and continuity of the target tire health monitoring data.

[0090] Preferably, if the microcontroller does not receive a confirmation instruction from the vehicle's main unit for receiving tire pressure fault alarm data within the preset reporting time interval, the microcontroller will re-execute the tire pressure fault alarm data encapsulation and reporting operation, while maintaining the alarm transmission suppression state for abnormal triggering conditions until the tire pressure fault alarm data is successfully reported to the vehicle's main unit. This ensures that even under abnormal communication transmission conditions, the reporting of tire pressure fault alarm data can still be prioritized, avoiding the loss of core alarm data due to transmission abnormalities, and achieving the reliability and real-time performance of target tire health monitoring alarms.

[0091] Optionally, the method also includes step 4: if the microcontroller determines that the pressure parameter is within the standard pressure safety range, it confirms that the tire pressure is normal and releases the alarm suppression for the abnormal triggering condition in response to the determination conclusion; the microcontroller reconstructs the abnormal triggering condition into a vibration abnormality monitoring result and reports it to the vehicle host; after receiving the vibration abnormality monitoring result, the vehicle host calls the preset tire health assessment algorithm to perform multi-dimensional fault analysis, and outputs the final health assessment conclusion for the integrity of the tire structure under the logical premise of ensuring normal tire pressure.

[0092] Preferably, in the specific technical implementation of step 4, the pressure parameter consistency verification result generated in step 3 is used as the core judgment basis. First, the final confirmation process of the target tire pressure status is performed to generate a judgment conclusion that the target tire pressure status is normal. The microcontroller first reads the pressure parameter consistency verification result cached in the internal status register. When the pressure parameter consistency verification result shows that the pressure parameter is within the pre-stored standard pressure safety range, the microcontroller immediately performs a secondary stability verification on the pressure parameter in multiple consecutive sampling periods to confirm that the fluctuation range of the pressure parameter in the consecutive sampling periods is within the normal fluctuation range corresponding to the pre-stored standard pressure safety range, eliminating the misjudgment caused by single sampling error. Then, based on the passing result of the secondary stability verification, the target tire pressure status is officially confirmed to be normal, and a judgment conclusion that the target tire pressure status is normal is generated. At the same time, the judgment conclusion that the target tire pressure status is normal is cached in the internal status register to provide the core trigger basis for the subsequent alarm suppression and release operation for abnormal trigger conditions.

[0093] Preferably, after generating a judgment that the target tire pressure is normal, the microcontroller immediately responds to the judgment by executing an alarm suppression release process for the abnormal triggering condition. This restores the reporting authority for vibration anomaly-related data for the abnormal triggering condition. The microcontroller first reads the operating status of the internal priority filtering mechanism to confirm that it is currently in an alarm transmission suppression state for the abnormal triggering condition. Then, it closes the alarm transmission suppression channel in the priority filtering mechanism, releasing the transmission restriction on vibration anomaly alarm data corresponding to the abnormal triggering condition that previously triggered the tire pressure sensor to wake up. At the same time, it retrieves all associated data of the abnormal triggering condition, such as the original vibration data, real-time vibration amplitude data, number of abnormal duration cycles, and core parameters of time-domain fluctuation characteristics, which were previously temporarily stored in the internal non-volatile storage unit, from the temporary storage area to the data cache to be reported, providing a complete data source for the subsequent reconstruction of vibration anomaly monitoring results.

[0094] Preferably, after completing the alarm suppression and deactivation processing for the abnormal triggering conditions, the microcontroller immediately performs structured reconstruction processing of the abnormal triggering conditions to generate vibration anomaly monitoring results that conform to the reporting specifications of the vehicle host. Based on the full set of associated data of the abnormal triggering conditions in the data buffer to be reported, the microcontroller first extracts the core parameters of the target tire's unique identification code, the start timestamp of the abnormal trigger, the number of abnormal duration cycles, the peak and mean values ​​of the real-time vibration amplitude data, and the time-domain fluctuation characteristics corresponding to the abnormal triggering conditions. At the same time, it retrieves the judgment conclusion that the target tire's air pressure is normal as a pre-verification identifier. The above data is structured and encapsulated according to the communication protocol specifications preset by the vehicle host. The encapsulated structured data is defined as the vibration anomaly monitoring result. The vibration anomaly monitoring result clearly carries the pre-verification identifier that the target tire's air pressure is normal, thereby distinguishing between vibration anomalies accompanied by air pressure anomalies and independent vibration anomalies under normal air pressure, providing a clear logical premise for subsequent analysis by the vehicle host.

[0095] Preferably, after completing the structured reconstruction of the vibration anomaly monitoring results, the microcontroller immediately executes the reporting and transmission processing of the vibration anomaly monitoring results to send the complete vibration anomaly monitoring results to the vehicle host. The microcontroller first adds a cyclic redundancy check code and an address matching code to the vibration anomaly monitoring results. The cyclic redundancy check code is used to ensure the data integrity of the vibration anomaly monitoring results during transmission, and the address matching code is used to ensure that the vibration anomaly monitoring results are accurately identified and received by the target vehicle host. Subsequently, the microcontroller reports and transmits the encapsulated vibration anomaly monitoring results through the in-vehicle communication link pre-established with the vehicle host. At the same time, after the transmission is completed, the receiving port is opened to wait for the vibration anomaly monitoring results reception confirmation instruction returned by the vehicle host. After receiving the vibration anomaly monitoring results reception confirmation instruction from the vehicle host, the vibration anomaly monitoring results are synchronously stored in the internal non-volatile storage unit to form a historical data archive of the target tire health monitoring.

[0096] Preferably, after receiving the vibration anomaly monitoring results reported by the microcontroller unit, the vehicle host first performs a legality verification and pre-logic confirmation process for the vibration anomaly monitoring results to generate a valid analysis data source that meets the requirements of multi-dimensional fault analysis. The vehicle host first verifies the cyclic redundancy check code and address matching code of the vibration anomaly monitoring results to confirm the legality and accuracy of the source of the vibration anomaly monitoring results. Then, it extracts the pre-verification identifier of the target tire pressure status being normal carried in the vibration anomaly monitoring results to confirm that the vibration anomaly occurred under the logical premise of normal target tire pressure, thus excluding vibration interference caused by abnormal tire pressure. Then, it extracts all vibration anomaly-related parameters from the vibration anomaly monitoring results and organizes these parameters into a valid analysis data source to provide an input basis for the subsequent execution of the preset tire health assessment algorithm.

[0097] Preferably, the vehicle's main unit takes the generated valid analysis data source as input and calls the pre-stored preset tire health assessment algorithm to perform multi-dimensional fault analysis processing on the vibration anomaly monitoring results to generate the root cause determination result of the target tire vibration anomaly. The preset tire health assessment algorithm has been pre-trained and calibrated for the target tire structure. The multi-dimensional fault analysis processing specifically includes three dimensions: vibration feature matching analysis, road condition elimination analysis, and tire structure damage identification analysis. First, the vibration feature matching analysis matches and compares the time-domain fluctuation feature parameters in the valid analysis data source with the pre-stored standard vibration feature library corresponding to tire structure damage to identify feature components related to structural damage. Then, the road condition elimination analysis combines the real-time vehicle speed, road adhesion coefficient, and synchronous vibration data of other tires transmitted by the vehicle's whole vehicle bus to eliminate vibration anomalies caused by factors other than the tire itself, such as road bumps and vehicle steering and braking. Finally, the tire structure damage identification analysis, based on the analysis results of the first two dimensions, locates the root cause of the vibration anomaly and generates the root cause determination result of the target tire vibration anomaly. The root cause determination result clearly distinguishes between external interference from factors other than the tire itself and tire structural anomalies.

[0098] Preferably, after generating the root cause determination result of the abnormal vibration of the target tire, the vehicle host computer performs the generation and output processing of the final health assessment conclusion. Under the logical premise of ensuring normal tire pressure, it outputs the final health assessment conclusion on the tire structural integrity. The vehicle host computer first logically binds the root cause determination result with the pre-verification mark of normal tire pressure to ensure that the final health assessment conclusion on tire structural integrity is completely based on the logical premise of normal tire pressure. Then, according to the type of root cause determination result, it generates the corresponding final health assessment conclusion on tire structural integrity. If the root cause determination result is external interference not caused by the tire itself, the final health assessment conclusion on tire structural integrity indicates that the structural integrity of the target tire is in a normal state and there is no risk of structural damage. If the root cause determination result is an abnormality in the tire's own structure, the final health assessment conclusion on tire structural integrity indicates that the structural integrity of the target tire has a corresponding level of damage risk, and the damage type and risk level are marked. Finally, the vehicle host computer outputs the final health assessment conclusion on tire structural integrity to the vehicle's on-board display terminal and the vehicle driving safety control system, providing the driver with tire health status prompts and providing data support for vehicle driving safety control.

[0099] Preferably, after the vehicle's main unit outputs the final health assessment conclusion for tire structural integrity, it synchronously transmits the final health assessment conclusion for tire structural integrity, vibration anomaly monitoring results, and corresponding pressure parameters back to the microcontroller unit corresponding to the target tire. After receiving the transmitted data, the microcontroller unit integrates and stores all the data in its internal non-volatile storage unit, forming a complete data archive for a single health monitoring event of the target tire. At the same time, the microcontroller unit adjusts the preset abnormal vibration warning threshold in the subsequent vibration monitoring process based on the final health assessment conclusion for tire structural integrity. If the final health assessment conclusion for tire structural integrity shows that the vibration anomaly is caused by external interference, the microcontroller unit will adaptively and smoothly adjust the preset abnormal vibration warning threshold to reduce the probability of false triggering caused by similar road surface interference. If the final health assessment conclusion for tire structural integrity shows that the tire itself has structural anomalies, the microcontroller unit will shorten the sampling period of vibration data and increase the monitoring frequency of the target tire's vibration state, thereby achieving dynamic adaptation and optimization of the target tire health monitoring process.

[0100] like Figure 2 As shown, this application discloses a novel intelligent tire health monitoring system integrating a vibration sensor, comprising:

[0101] The feature extraction module, integrated inside the tire, is configured to generate time-domain fluctuation features characterizing the real-time vibration state of the tire based on the potential difference generated by the vibration sensor.

[0102] The wake-up control module is configured to determine tire vibration abnormalities based on received time-domain fluctuation characteristics and generate a wake-up signal in response to the determination result.

[0103] The tire pressure monitoring module is configured to switch from sleep mode to working mode after receiving a wake-up signal, and start the internal pressure sensing module to collect tire internal pressure data, and report the generated tire pressure fault alarm data to the vehicle host.

[0104] like Figure 3 As shown, this application discloses a novel intelligent tire health monitoring system integrating a vibration sensor, comprising:

[0105] The vibration sensor, integrated inside the tire and in a zero-power standby state, is configured to sense the mechanical vibration energy of the tire during driving and generate a raw vibration signal characterizing the real-time vibration state of the tire based on the potential difference generated by the vibration.

[0106] The microcontroller unit is connected to the vibration sensor signal and is configured to perform feature separation on the original vibration signal to extract time-domain fluctuation features and perform vibration intensity quantification analysis on the time-domain fluctuation features. The microcontroller unit is also configured to compare the real-time vibration amplitude data with the preset abnormal vibration warning threshold and generate a tire pressure detection activation command when the threshold is exceeded.

[0107] The tire pressure sensor is in a dormant state and communicates with the microcontroller unit. It is configured to receive a tire pressure detection activation command and switch from the dormant state to the working state in response to the command. The tire pressure sensor is also configured to start the internal pressure sensing module to collect tire internal pressure data, perform message protocol conversion on the collected pressure data to generate a real-time tire pressure measurement value message, and feed the message back to the microcontroller unit.

[0108] The microcontroller unit is also configured to parse real-time tire pressure measurement data messages to extract pressure parameters, and perform a consistency check between the pressure parameters and the pre-stored standard pressure safety range. If the pressure parameters are determined to deviate from the standard pressure safety range, the microcontroller unit performs priority filtering to suppress vibration anomaly alarms and prioritizes reporting tire pressure fault alarm data containing pressure parameters to the vehicle's main unit. If the pressure parameters are determined to be within the standard pressure safety range, the microcontroller unit removes the alarm suppression and reports the vibration anomaly monitoring results to the vehicle's main unit, so that the vehicle's main unit can call the preset tire health assessment algorithm to output the final health assessment conclusion on the tire structural integrity.

[0109] like Figure 4 This application also provides an intelligent safety tire with integrated health monitoring function, which includes a tire body and an intelligent tire health monitoring system integrated inside the tire body.

[0110] The intelligent tire health monitoring system includes vibration sensors, a microcontroller unit, and tire pressure sensors;

[0111] The vibration sensor is integrated inside the tire body and is in a zero-power standby state when the vehicle is not moving and the tire body has no effective mechanical vibration. The vibration sensor is configured to sense the mechanical vibration energy generated by the tire body during vehicle movement and generate a raw vibration signal characterizing the real-time vibration state of the tire body based on the potential difference generated by the vibration.

[0112] The microcontroller unit is fixed inside the tire body and connected to the vibration sensor signal. The microcontroller unit is configured to perform feature separation on the original vibration signal to extract time-domain fluctuation features, and to perform vibration intensity quantification analysis on the time-domain fluctuation features to obtain real-time vibration amplitude data. The microcontroller unit is also configured to compare the real-time vibration amplitude data with a preset abnormal vibration warning threshold, and generate a tire pressure detection activation command when it is determined that the real-time vibration amplitude data exceeds the abnormal vibration warning threshold.

[0113] The tire pressure sensor is fixed to the internal air cavity side of the tire body and is in a dormant state when no tire pressure detection activation command is received. The tire pressure sensor is communicatively connected to the microcontroller unit. The tire pressure sensor is configured to receive the tire pressure detection activation command and switch from the dormant state to the working state in response to the tire pressure detection activation command. The tire pressure sensor is also configured to activate the internal pressure sensing module to collect air pressure data inside the tire body, perform message protocol conversion on the collected air pressure data to generate a real-time tire pressure measurement value message, and feed the real-time tire pressure measurement value message back to the microcontroller unit.

[0114] The microcontroller unit is also configured to parse real-time tire pressure measurement data messages to extract pressure parameters and perform a consistency check between the pressure parameters and the pre-stored standard pressure safety range. If the pressure parameters are determined to deviate from the standard pressure safety range, the microcontroller unit performs priority filtering to suppress vibration anomaly alarms and prioritizes reporting tire pressure fault alarm data containing pressure parameters to the vehicle's main unit. If the pressure parameters are determined to be within the standard pressure safety range, the microcontroller unit removes alarm suppression and reports the vibration anomaly monitoring results to the vehicle's main unit, so that the vehicle's main unit can call the preset tire health assessment algorithm to output the final health assessment conclusion on the integrity of the tire's structure.

[0115] like Figure 5 As shown, this application also provides an intelligent vehicle equipped with an intelligent safety tire, which includes a vehicle body, a vehicle host, and the intelligent safety tire with integrated health monitoring function of this application.

[0116] The smart safety tire with integrated health monitoring function is fixedly installed at the wheel hub of the vehicle body. The micro-control unit inside the smart safety tire with integrated health monitoring function establishes a two-way communication connection with the vehicle host.

[0117] The vehicle's main unit is configured to receive tire pressure fault alarm data or vibration anomaly monitoring results reported by the microcontroller unit. When a vibration anomaly monitoring result is received, a preset tire health assessment algorithm is invoked to perform multi-dimensional fault analysis on the vibration anomaly monitoring result. Under the logical premise that the air pressure status of the corresponding smart safety tire with integrated health monitoring function is normal, the final health assessment conclusion on the tire structural integrity of the corresponding smart safety tire with integrated health monitoring function is output.

[0118] The above Figures 2-5 For an exemplary description, please refer to the above. Figure 1 This will not be elaborated upon here.

Claims

1. A novel intelligent tire health monitoring method integrating a vibration sensor, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Generate time-domain fluctuation characteristics that characterize the real-time vibration state of the tire based on the potential difference generated by the vibration sensor. Step 2: Wake up the tire pressure sensor based on the time-domain fluctuation characteristics to switch it from dormant to active state; Step 3: The awakened tire pressure sensor starts the internal pressure sensing module to collect tire internal pressure data, so as to generate tire pressure fault alarm data and report it to the vehicle host.

2. A novel intelligent tire health monitoring method integrating a vibration sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 1 also includes: acquiring the mechanical vibration energy of the tire during driving by a vibration sensor integrated inside the tire and in a zero-power standby state to generate a potential difference.

3. A novel intelligent tire health monitoring method integrating a vibration sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for generating time-domain fluctuation features characterizing the real-time vibration state of a tire based on the potential difference generated by the vibration sensor includes: generating an original vibration induced current signal based on the potential difference generated by the vibration sensor, and transmitting the original vibration induced current signal to an electrically connected microcontroller unit in real time; the microcontroller unit performs feature separation on the original vibration induced current signal to extract the time-domain fluctuation features characterizing the real-time vibration state of the tire.

4. A novel intelligent tire health monitoring method integrating a vibration sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of waking up the tire pressure sensor from a dormant state to an active state based on time-domain fluctuation characteristics includes: the microcontroller unit performing vibration intensity quantification analysis on the time-domain fluctuation characteristics to obtain real-time vibration amplitude data to wake up the tire pressure sensor and switch it from a dormant state to an active state.

5. A novel intelligent tire health monitoring method integrating a vibration sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of waking up the tire pressure sensor from its dormant state to its active state includes: comparing real-time vibration amplitude data with a preset abnormal vibration warning threshold; when the real-time vibration amplitude data exceeds the abnormal vibration warning threshold, the microcontroller unit confirms that the current tire meets the abnormal triggering conditions and generates a tire pressure detection activation command in response to the abnormal triggering conditions; the microcontroller unit sends the tire pressure detection activation command to the tire pressure sensor in its dormant state to wake it up and switch it from its dormant state to its active state.

6. A novel intelligent tire health monitoring method integrating a vibration sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Generating tire pressure fault alarm data includes: converting the collected air pressure data into real-time tire pressure measurement value messages and feeding them back to the microcontroller unit; the microcontroller unit parses the real-time tire pressure measurement value messages to extract pressure parameters and generates tire pressure fault alarm data based on the pressure parameters.

7. A novel intelligent tire health monitoring method integrating a vibration sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The system generates tire pressure fault alarm data based on pressure parameters, including: verifying the consistency of pressure parameters with the pre-stored standard pressure safety range; if the verification result shows that the pressure parameters deviate from the standard pressure safety range, the microcontroller unit determines that there is a risk of abnormal tire pressure, and performs priority filtering: suppressing the sending of alarms for abnormal triggering conditions, and prioritizing the tire pressure fault alarm data carrying pressure parameters.

8. A novel intelligent tire health monitoring method integrating a vibration sensor according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The process also includes step 4: If the microcontroller determines that the pressure parameter is within the standard pressure safety range, it confirms that the tire pressure is normal and releases the alarm suppression for the abnormal triggering condition in response to the determination. The microcontroller reconstructs the abnormal triggering condition into a vibration anomaly monitoring result and reports it to the vehicle host. After receiving the vibration anomaly monitoring result, the vehicle host calls the preset tire health assessment algorithm to perform multi-dimensional fault analysis. Under the logical premise of ensuring normal tire pressure, it outputs the final health assessment conclusion for the integrity of the tire structure.

9. A novel intelligent tire health monitoring system integrating a vibration sensor, characterized in that, include: The feature extraction module, integrated inside the tire, is configured to generate time-domain fluctuation features characterizing the real-time vibration state of the tire based on the potential difference generated by the vibration sensor. The wake-up control module is configured to determine tire vibration abnormalities based on received time-domain fluctuation characteristics and generate a wake-up signal in response to the determination result. The tire pressure monitoring module is configured to switch from sleep mode to working mode after receiving a wake-up signal, and start the internal pressure sensing module to collect tire internal pressure data, and report the generated tire pressure fault alarm data to the vehicle host.

10. A novel intelligent tire health monitoring system integrating a vibration sensor, characterized in that, include: The vibration sensor, integrated inside the tire and in a zero-power standby state, is configured to sense the mechanical vibration energy of the tire during driving and generate a raw vibration signal characterizing the real-time vibration state of the tire based on the potential difference generated by the vibration. The microcontroller unit is connected to the vibration sensor signal and is configured to perform feature separation on the original vibration signal to extract time-domain fluctuation features and perform vibration intensity quantification analysis on the time-domain fluctuation features. The microcontroller unit is also configured to compare the real-time vibration amplitude data with the preset abnormal vibration warning threshold and generate a tire pressure detection activation command when the threshold is exceeded. The tire pressure sensor is in a dormant state and communicates with the microcontroller unit. It is configured to receive a tire pressure detection activation command and switch from the dormant state to the working state in response to the command. The tire pressure sensor is also configured to start the internal pressure sensing module to collect tire internal pressure data, perform message protocol conversion on the collected pressure data to generate a real-time tire pressure measurement value message, and feed the message back to the microcontroller unit.

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