A double-layer main beam telescopic locking and limiting mechanism of an ultra-long pull-type semitrailer
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611366993.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-09-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-09
AI Technical Summary
[0004]锁紧销依靠销杆横截面承受尾车传递的巨大纵向剪切力，应力集中，在重载、路面冲击以及长期振动工况下，锁紧销易发生剪切变形，同时主梁上的销孔容易被挤压扩孔磨损，锁止副出现间隙，造成尾车窜动，存在行车安全隐患，并且传统锁紧销无论锁止还是解锁状态，锁紧销构件均长期外露于主梁外侧，车辆行驶途中易遭受碎石磕碰、外物撞击，进而造成销体变形、卡滞，影响解锁与锁止动作
[0019]1、采用工形限位块与滑块上工形限位槽相嵌合锁止的结构形式，尾车行驶产生的纵向载荷由工形限位块的挡肩配合面承担，改变传统圆柱锁紧销依靠销杆横截面承受剪切力的受力模式，配合接触面积大，可有效分散剪切应力，降低重载冲击、振动工况下锁止构件剪切变形风险，减少配合位置挤压磨损，不易产生配合间隙，抑制尾车行车过程中的纵向窜动，提升尾车锁止可靠性；
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Figure CN122877210A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of semi-trailer technology, and in particular to a double-layer main beam telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for an ultra-long pull-out semi-trailer. Background Technology
[0002] Extra-long extendable semi-trailers can adjust the length of the entire vehicle according to the needs of cargo transportation and are widely used in the field of transporting large and bulky goods. This type of semi-trailer generally includes a front vehicle, a middle vehicle, and a rear vehicle that can be extended longitudinally. After the rear vehicle is extended relative to the middle vehicle to the target travel position, a telescopic locking limit mechanism is required to lock and position the rear vehicle to prevent longitudinal slippage or movement of the rear vehicle during vehicle operation.
[0003] Currently, most telescopic locking and limiting mechanisms commonly used in the industry adopt a cylindrical locking pin structure. Corresponding pin holes are opened on the main beams of the intermediate and tail cars. The cylindrical locking pin is driven by the drive component to pass laterally into the pin hole of the main beam. The pin rod of the locking pin bears the longitudinal shear load brought by the tail car, thereby realizing the position locking between the tail car and the intermediate car.
[0004] The locking pin relies on the cross-section of the pin rod to withstand the huge longitudinal shear force transmitted by the tail vehicle. Stress concentration occurs, and under heavy load, road impact, and long-term vibration conditions, the locking pin is prone to shear deformation. At the same time, the pin hole on the main beam is easily squeezed and enlarged, causing wear and tear, resulting in gaps in the locking pair. This can cause the tail vehicle to move around, posing a driving safety hazard. Furthermore, regardless of whether the traditional locking pin is locked or unlocked, the locking pin component is always exposed on the outside of the main beam. During vehicle operation, it is easily hit by gravel or foreign objects, which can cause the pin to deform and jam, affecting the unlocking and locking actions. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the following shortcomings in the existing technology: Traditional locking pins rely on the cross-section of the pin rod to bear the longitudinal shear force of the tail vehicle, resulting in stress concentration. Under heavy load impact and long-term vibration, the pin body is prone to shear deformation, and the pin hole is squeezed and enlarged, causing wear and tear, which creates gaps and causes the tail vehicle to move, posing a safety hazard. In addition, the locking and unlocking states of the locking pin are exposed for a long time, making them susceptible to impact from gravel and foreign objects, which can cause deformation and jamming, affecting the operation of the mechanism. Therefore, this invention proposes an ultra-long pull-out type double-layer main beam telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for semi-trailers.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for a double-layer main beam of an ultra-long pull-out semi-trailer includes a front vehicle, a middle vehicle, and a rear vehicle. One end of the middle vehicle is fixedly connected to the front vehicle. Slider blocks are symmetrically fixedly installed on the lower surface of the rear vehicle. Slide tracks are horizontally opened on both sides of the middle vehicle, and two sliders are slidably installed in the slide tracks respectively.
[0008] The intermediate carriage has an installation cavity, in which slide plates are symmetrically slidably installed. On the sides of the two slide plates that are far apart from each other, multiple I-shaped limiting blocks are fixedly installed at equal intervals. On the sides of the two slide plates that are close to each other, I-shaped limiting grooves are opened. Multiple I-shaped through holes are opened at equal intervals on the surface of the slide rail. The multiple limiting blocks are slidably arranged in the multiple I-shaped through holes and slidably inserted into the multiple limiting grooves. The two slide plates are controlled to move relative to each other by a drive component.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the driving component includes a bidirectional electric push rod. A mounting groove is provided on the side of the front vehicle connected to the middle vehicle. The bidirectional electric push rod is fixedly installed in the mounting groove. A transverse opening for connecting the mounting groove and the mounting cavity is provided on the side of the middle vehicle connected to the front vehicle. Both drive shafts of the bidirectional electric push rod are fixedly mounted with L-shaped plates. Both L-shaped plates are slidably installed in the transverse opening, and the ends away from the bidirectional electric push rod are respectively fixedly connected to two sliding plates.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment, multiple horizontally spaced grooves are provided on both sides of the tail vehicle, and widening side pull components for adjusting the width of the tail vehicle are provided in the grooves.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the widened side pull component includes a movable rod slidably installed in the slide groove, and the top of the tail vehicle has a plurality of circular grooves that are vertically opened, each corresponding to a position of a plurality of slide grooves. The bottom of the circular grooves has an opening that communicates with the slide grooves, and a locking component for locking the movable rod is provided in the opening.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the locking component includes a locking rod that is slidably inserted into the through-hole and a mounting block that is fixedly installed on the top of the locking rod. The top of the moving rod has multiple locking slots that are equidistantly vertically opened. The bottom end of the locking rod is slidably inserted into one of the locking slots. A first telescopic spring is sleeved on the locking rod. The two ends of the first telescopic spring are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the mounting block and the bottom of the circular slot, respectively.
[0013] As a preferred embodiment, a T-shaped handle is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting block, and the upper surface of the handle is lower than the horizontal plane of the groove opening.
[0014] As a preferred embodiment, two rows of oil supply components are provided above and below the mounting cavity. Each oil supply component includes multiple mounting rods and multiple piston rods. The mounting rods are fixedly connected to the wall of the mounting cavity via connecting rods, and one end of each mounting rod has a horizontally formed slot. The multiple piston rods are respectively and slidably inserted into the slots. The upper and lower surfaces of the slide rails are each provided with a U-shaped opening communicating with the mounting cavity. An oil inlet pipe and an oil outlet pipe are fixedly installed on the surface of each mounting rod. Both the oil inlet pipe and the oil outlet pipe are equipped with a one-way valve. The top of the intermediate carriage... Both the bottom and the upper surface of the slide plate are provided with two rows of oil storage chambers. Multiple oil outlet pipes are fixedly installed in multiple U-shaped openings. One end of multiple oil inlet pipes is inserted into multiple oil storage chambers. A fixing block is fixedly installed at one end of the piston rod. A spring rod is fixedly installed horizontally on the surface of the fixing block. One end of the spring rod is fixedly connected to the cavity wall of the mounting cavity. Multiple L-shaped push rods are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the upper and lower surfaces of the slide plate. The positions of the multiple push rods on the two slide plate surfaces are staggered, and the ends of the multiple push rods correspond to the positions of the multiple fixing blocks.
[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the one-way valve in the oil inlet pipe is directed from the oil storage chamber to the slot, and the one-way valve in the oil outlet pipe is directed from the slot to the U-shaped opening.
[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the top of the slide is provided with a plurality of rectangular cavities that are respectively connected to a plurality of U-shaped openings. A stop block is horizontally slidably installed in the rectangular cavity. An oil passage is provided through the surface of the stop block and connected to the U-shaped opening. A second telescopic spring is provided in the rectangular cavity. The two ends of the second telescopic spring are respectively fixedly connected to the cavity wall of the rectangular cavity and one side of the stop block. The stop block is controlled to move laterally by a pressing component.
[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the pressing component includes a pressing block and an I-shaped block fixedly installed on the top of the pressing block. An inclined plate is fixedly installed on the side of the blocking block away from the second telescopic spring. An inclined sliding opening is provided on the surface of the inclined plate. A vertical opening communicating with the slide is provided at the bottom of the rectangular cavity. Multiple pressing blocks are vertically slidably arranged in multiple vertical openings, and multiple pressing blocks are all located on the moving path of the slider. Multiple I-shaped blocks are slidably installed in multiple inclined sliding openings. The cross-section of the pressing block is a right trapezoid.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0019] 1. The structure adopts an I-shaped limiting block and an I-shaped limiting groove on the slider for locking. The longitudinal load generated by the movement of the tail vehicle is borne by the shoulder mating surface of the I-shaped limiting block. This changes the traditional cylindrical locking pin's force mode of relying on the cross-section of the pin to bear the shear force. The large mating contact area can effectively disperse shear stress, reduce the risk of shear deformation of the locking component under heavy load impact and vibration conditions, reduce the squeezing wear at the mating position, and is less likely to generate mating gaps. This suppresses the longitudinal movement of the tail vehicle during the driving process and improves the locking reliability of the tail vehicle.
[0020] 2. Under normal storage conditions, the extended I-shaped limit block is protected by the slider. Only when the tail car is pulled out and slid, and the slider is moved, will the I-shaped limit block in the empty position be exposed. Compared with the traditional locking pin being exposed throughout the process, it can reduce the impact of gravel and foreign objects, and reduce the probability of component deformation and jamming.
[0021] 3. The widened side pull component is set up. The width of the platform can be adjusted by sliding the moving rod laterally along the slide rail to adapt to the transportation needs of goods of different widths.
[0022] 4. During the movement of the slide, the L-shaped push rod pushes the fixed block, which drives the piston rod to reciprocate. In conjunction with the oil inlet pipe, oil outlet pipe and one-way valve, the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber is delivered to the slide position, realizing automatic oil supply and lubrication of the slider and slide friction pair. There is no need for frequent manual addition of lubricating oil, which reduces the friction loss between the slider and the slide, reduces the pulling resistance, delays the wear of parts, and extends the service life of the slide and slider.
[0023] 5. The system includes a stop block, a second telescopic spring, and a pressing component. When the slider moves to the corresponding position and presses against the stop block, the stop block drives the I-shaped block to slide along the inclined slide of the inclined plate, causing the stop block to move. This opens the oil passage to the U-shaped opening, allowing the oil outlet pipe above the corresponding position to release lubricating oil. The U-shaped opening that does not correspond to the slider position is blocked by the stop block, and the lubricating oil is temporarily stored inside the U-shaped opening, preventing it from dripping away due to gravity. Once the slider passes this position, the stop block is released, and the temporarily stored lubricating oil is released onto the slide surface. The lubricating oil discharged below can accumulate at the bottom of the slide to continue to provide lubrication, preventing the lubricating oil above from dripping away and being wasted. This achieves on-demand oil release, improves the utilization rate of lubricating oil, and ensures that both the upper and lower friction surfaces of the slider are effectively lubricated. Attached Figure Description
[0024] Figure 1 This is a frontal three-dimensional structural diagram of a double-layer main beam telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for an ultra-long pull-out semi-trailer proposed in this invention.
[0025] Figure 2 This is a bottom-view three-dimensional structural diagram of a double-layer main beam telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for an ultra-long pull-out semi-trailer proposed in this invention.
[0026] Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the front vehicle and the middle vehicle in this invention;
[0027] Figure 4 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the middle vehicle in this invention;
[0028] Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the driving component and the slide plate in this invention;
[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional structure at the intermediate vehicle in this invention;
[0030] Figure 7 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the rear vehicle in this invention;
[0031] Figure 8 This is a partial three-dimensional structural diagram of the movable rod in this invention;
[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional structure at the slide in this invention;
[0033] Figure 10 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;
[0034] Figure 11 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;
[0035] Figure 12 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point C;
[0036] Figure 13 for Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point D;
[0037] Figure 14 for Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point E;
[0038] Figure 15 for Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point F.
[0039] In the diagram: 1. Front car, 2. Middle car, 3. Tail car, 4. Slider, 5. Slide rail, 6. Mounting cavity, 7. Slide plate, 8. Limiting block, 9. Limiting groove, 10. Bidirectional electric push rod, 11. L-shaped plate, 12. Slide groove, 13. Moving rod, 14. Circular groove, 15. Through port, 16. Locking rod, 17. Mounting block, 18. Locking groove, 19. First telescopic spring, 20. Handle, 21. Mounting rod, 22. Piston rod, 23. U-shaped port, 24. Oil inlet pipe, 25. Oil outlet pipe, 26. Spring rod, 27. Push rod, 28. Rectangular cavity, 29. Stop block, 30. Oil port, 31. Second telescopic spring, 32. Abutment block, 33. I-shaped block, 34. Inclined plate, 35. Inclined slide port, 36. Vertical opening. Detailed Implementation
[0040] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
[0041] Reference Figures 1-5 A telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for a double-layer main beam of an ultra-long pull-out semi-trailer includes a front vehicle 1, a middle vehicle 2 and a rear vehicle 3. One end of the middle vehicle 2 is fixedly connected to the front vehicle 1. Slider 4 is symmetrically fixedly installed on the lower surface of the rear vehicle 3. Slide tracks 5 are horizontally opened on both sides of the middle vehicle 2, and the two sliders 4 are slidably installed in the slide tracks 5 respectively.
[0042] An installation cavity 6 is provided inside the intermediate carriage 2. Slide plates 7 are symmetrically slidably installed in the installation cavity 6. Multiple I-shaped limiting blocks 8 are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the sides of the two slide plates 7 that are far apart from each other. I-shaped limiting grooves 9 are provided on the sides of the two sliders 4 that are close to each other. Multiple I-shaped through holes are provided at equal intervals on the surface of the slide rail 5. Multiple limiting blocks 8 are slidably arranged in multiple I-shaped through holes and slidably inserted into multiple limiting grooves 9. The two slide plates 7 are controlled to move relative to each other by a drive component. The drive component includes a bidirectional electric push rod 10. A placement groove is provided on the side of the front carriage 1 that is connected to the intermediate carriage 2. The bidirectional electric push rod 10 is fixedly installed in the placement groove. A horizontal opening for connecting the placement groove and the installation cavity 6 is provided on the side of the intermediate carriage 2 that is connected to the front carriage 1. L-shaped plates 11 are fixedly installed on the two drive shafts of the bidirectional electric push rod 10. The two L-shaped plates 11 are slidably installed in the horizontal opening, and the ends away from the bidirectional electric push rod 10 are fixedly connected to the two slide plates 7 respectively.
[0043] When the tail car 3 is not pulled out and is in the retracted state, the tail car 3 is retracted to the rear of the middle car 2. The slider 4 of the tail car 3 is in the initial position inside the slide rail 5. The two-way electric push rod 10 is in the extended state. The two drive shafts of the two-way electric push rod 10 push the L-shaped plate 11 outward. The L-shaped plate 11 drives the two slide plates 7 to slide away from each other. The I-shaped limiting block 8 on the slide plate 7 passes through the I-shaped through hole of the slide rail 5 and is inserted into the I-shaped limiting groove 9 of the slider 4. By relying on the fitting cooperation between the I-shaped limiting block 8 and the I-shaped limiting groove 9, the slider 4 is locked and fixed to the middle car 2, restricting the tail car 3 from sliding relative to the middle car 2.
[0044] When the tail car 3 needs to be pulled out to achieve the required length for transportation, the bidirectional electric push rod 10 is activated first. The two drive shafts of the bidirectional electric push rod 10 retract inward synchronously, driving the two L-shaped plates 11 to move synchronously along the horizontal opening towards the bidirectional electric push rod 10. This causes the two sliding plates 7 inside the mounting cavity 6 to move towards each other. The sliding plates 7 drive the I-shaped limiting block 8 to exit from the I-shaped limiting groove 9 of the slider 4 and return to the mounting cavity 6 through the I-shaped through-hole, releasing the fitting constraint of the I-shaped limiting block 8 on the slider 4. At this time, the slider 4 of the tail car 3 is unlocked, and the front car 1 can move with the middle car 2, so that the tail car 3 can slide and pull along the slide rails 5 on both sides of the middle car 2, adjusting the tail car 3 to the target working position.
[0045] When the tail car 3 slides to the target length position, the I-shaped limiting groove 9 on the slider 4 aligns with the corresponding I-shaped through-hole position on the slide rail 5. The bidirectional electric push rod 10 is activated again, and the two drive shafts of the bidirectional electric push rod 10 extend outwards synchronously, pushing the L-shaped plates 11 on both sides, causing the two slide plates 7 to move away from each other again. The I-shaped limiting block 8 on the slide plate 7 passes through the I-shaped through-hole again and inserts into the corresponding I-shaped limiting groove 9 of the slider 4, completing the locking and positioning of the slider 4 and the middle car 2, realizing the locking and limiting after the tail car 3 is pulled into place, and preventing the tail car 3 from moving during the vehicle's operation.
[0046] The structure adopts an I-shaped limiting block 8 and an I-shaped limiting groove 9 on the slider 4 for locking. The longitudinal load generated by the movement of the tail car 3 is borne by the shoulder mating surface of the I-shaped limiting block 8. This changes the traditional cylindrical locking pin's force mode of relying on the cross-section of the pin to bear the shear force. The large mating contact area can effectively disperse shear stress, reduce the risk of shear deformation of the locking component under heavy load impact and vibration conditions, reduce the squeezing wear at the mating position, and is less likely to generate mating gaps. This effectively suppresses the movement of the tail car 3 during the driving process and improves the locking reliability of the tail car 3.
[0047] Meanwhile, when the tail car 3 is in its normal retraction state, the extended I-shaped limiting block 8 is protected by the slider 4. Only when the tail car 3 is pulled out and slid, and the slider 4 is moved, will the I-shaped limiting block 8 in the vacant position be exposed. Compared with the traditional structure where the locking pin is exposed throughout the entire process, this can effectively reduce the impact and collision of gravel and foreign objects on the locking components, greatly reduce the probability of component deformation and jamming, and ensure the stable operation of the mechanism.
[0048] Reference Figures 7-8 The tail vehicle 3 has multiple horizontally spaced sliding grooves 12 on both sides. Each sliding groove 12 contains a widening side-pulling component for adjusting the width of the tail vehicle 3. The widening side-pulling component includes a movable rod 13 slidably installed within the sliding groove 12. Figure 14 As shown, the top of the tail section 3 has multiple vertically formed circular grooves 14 corresponding to the positions of multiple sliding grooves 12. The bottom of each circular groove 14 has an opening 15 communicating with the sliding groove 12. A locking component for locking the moving rod 13 is provided within the opening 15. The locking component includes a locking rod 16 slidably inserted into the opening 15 and a mounting block 17 fixedly installed on the top of the locking rod 16. Multiple locking slots 18 are vertically formed at equal intervals on the top of the moving rod 13. The bottom end of the locking rod 16 is slidably inserted into one of the locking slots 18. A first telescopic spring 19 is sleeved on the locking rod 16. Both ends of the first telescopic spring 19 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the mounting block 17 and the bottom of the circular groove 14, respectively. A T-shaped handle 20 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting block 17. Figure 10 As shown, the upper surface of the handle 20 is lower than the horizontal plane of the groove opening of the circular groove 14.
[0049] In the standard width loading state, the moving rod 13 is completely retracted inside the slide groove 12. At this time, the bottom end of the locking rod 16 is stably inserted into the locking groove 18 corresponding to the moving rod 13 under the elastic pushing action of the first telescopic spring 19, realizing the locking and fixing between the moving rod 13 and the tail vehicle 3. This prevents the moving rod 13 from sliding or moving laterally in the slide groove 12 during vehicle operation, ensuring the structural stability of the tail vehicle 3 in the standard width state. At the same time, the upper surface of the handle 20 is lower than the horizontal plane of the groove opening of the circular groove 14, which can effectively prevent the handle 20 from being exposed and scratched or accidentally loosened during driving. The locking structure has better concealment and safety.
[0050] When it is necessary to adapt to the transportation of extra-wide goods and adjust the cargo width of the tail carriage 3, the staff can pull up the T-shaped handle 20. The handle 20 drives the locking rod 16 to slide vertically upward along the opening 15 through the mounting block 17. At the same time, the first telescopic spring 19 is stretched to extend and store energy. After the bottom end of the locking rod 16 is disengaged from the locking groove 18 of the moving rod 13, the limiting lock on the moving rod 13 is released. At this time, the moving rod 13 can be pulled horizontally to slide outward along the slide groove 12. The extension position can be adjusted according to the width requirements of the goods.
[0051] When the moving rod 13 slides to the target width position, the handle 20 is released. The first telescopic spring 19 releases its elastic potential energy and pushes the mounting block 17 and locking rod 16 downwards, so that the bottom end of the locking rod 16 automatically engages in the corresponding locking groove 18, thus completing the positioning and locking of the moving rod 13 again. This achieves the adjustment and reliable fixing of the width of the tail carriage 3, meeting the widening transportation needs of goods of different specifications. The overall adjustment operation is convenient and the locking is stable, which can effectively prevent the widened rear pull structure from loosening and shifting.
[0052] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 9 The mounting cavity 6 has two rows of oil supply components at the top and bottom, such as... Figure 13 As shown, the oil supply component includes multiple mounting rods 21 and multiple piston rods 22. The mounting rods 21 are fixedly connected to the wall of the mounting cavity 6 via connecting rods, and one end of the mounting rod 21 has a horizontal slot. The multiple piston rods 22 are respectively sealed and slidably inserted into the multiple slots. The upper and lower surfaces of the slide rail 5 are both provided with U-shaped openings 23 that communicate with the mounting cavity 6. An oil inlet pipe 24 and an oil outlet pipe 25 are fixedly installed on the surface of the mounting rods 21. Both the oil inlet pipe 24 and the oil outlet pipe 25 are provided with one-way valves. Two rows of oil storage chambers are opened in the top and bottom of the intermediate carriage 2. The oil storage chambers are filled with lubricating oil. The surface of the intermediate carriage 2 is provided with multiple oil filling nozzles that communicate with the multiple oil storage chambers. Multiple oil outlet pipes Pipes 25 are fixedly installed in multiple U-shaped openings 23. One end of multiple oil inlet pipes 24 is inserted into multiple oil storage chambers. The one-way valve in the oil inlet pipe 24 is directed from the oil storage chamber to the slot. The one-way valve in the oil outlet pipe 25 is directed from the slot to the U-shaped opening 23. A fixing block is fixedly installed at one end of the piston rod 22. A spring rod 26 is fixedly installed horizontally on the surface of the fixing block. One end of the spring rod 26 is fixedly connected to the cavity wall of the mounting cavity 6. Multiple L-shaped push rods 27 are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the upper and lower surfaces of the slide plate 7. The positions of the multiple push rods 27 on the surfaces of the two slide plates 7 are staggered, and the ends of the multiple push rods 27 correspond to the positions of the multiple fixing blocks.
[0053] When the device is locked and the two sliding plates 7 slide away from each other, the L-shaped push rod 27 on the sliding plate 7 moves synchronously to both sides with the sliding plate 7. The push rod 27 disengages from the fixed block. At this time, the spring rod 26 remains in a naturally extended state, the piston rod 22 is in an outwardly pulled-back state, and a negative pressure is formed inside the slot. At the same time, the one-way valve of the oil outlet pipe 25 is closed and the one-way valve of the oil inlet pipe 24 is opened. The lubricating oil inside the oil storage chamber is automatically drawn in through the oil inlet pipe 24 and stored inside the slot, completing the lubricating oil storage and standby operation. No oil supply is performed in this state.
[0054] When it is necessary to pull out and adjust the tail carriage 3 or unlock the tail carriage 3, the two sliding plates 7 slide closer to each other. At this time, the multiple push rods 27 arranged vertically will simultaneously press against the corresponding multiple fixed blocks, pushing the piston rod 22 to slide towards the slot of the mounting rod 21 to seal and compress the lubricating oil stored in the slot. At this time, the one-way valve of the oil inlet pipe 24 is closed and the one-way valve of the oil outlet pipe 25 is opened. The lubricating oil pressurized in the slot is quickly transported to the U-shaped opening 23 through the oil outlet pipe 25 and evenly seeps out to the sliding contact surface of the slide rail 5, so as to fully lubricate the mating position of the slide rail 5 and the slider 4 in advance.
[0055] This structure relies on the pre-action linkage of the unlocking and pulling of the tail car 3 to automatically supply oil. It automatically squeezes out lubricating oil only when the tail car 3 needs to slide to adjust its length, matching the working conditions, effectively reducing the sliding friction when the tail car 3 is pulled out, avoiding dry friction and jamming, and component wear. This makes the tail car 3 pulling out operation smooth and stable, without the need for manual lubrication. The structure has strong linkage and a high degree of automation.
[0056] Reference Figure 15 The top of the slide 5 has multiple rectangular cavities 28, each connected to a U-shaped opening 23. A stop block 29 is horizontally slidably installed within each rectangular cavity 28. An oil passage 30, connected to the U-shaped opening 23, is perforated through the surface of the stop block 29. A second telescopic spring 31 is installed within each rectangular cavity 28, with both ends fixedly connected to the cavity wall of the rectangular cavity 28 and one side of the stop block 29, respectively. The stop block 29 is controlled to move laterally by a pressing component, which includes a stop block 32 and an I-shaped block 33 fixedly installed on top of the stop block 32. An inclined plate 34 is fixedly installed on the side of the stop block 29 away from the second telescopic spring 31. An inclined sliding opening 35 is provided on the surface of the inclined plate 34. A vertical opening 36, connected to the slide 5, is vertically provided at the bottom of the rectangular cavity 28. Figures 11-12 As shown, multiple blocks 32 are vertically slidably disposed in multiple vertical openings 36, and multiple blocks 32 are all located on the moving path of slider 4. Multiple I-shaped blocks 33 are slidably installed in multiple inclined sliding openings 35. The cross section of the blocks 32 is a right trapezoid, and the hypotenuse faces the moving path of slider 4.
[0057] After the tail carriage 3 completes its pull-out adjustment and locking, the slider 4 is stationary and locked in the corresponding position inside the slide rail 5. At this time, the top of the slider 4 will continuously push the corresponding abutment block 32. The abutment block 32, under the pushing action of the slider 4, slides vertically upward along the vertical opening 36 and is lifted up, simultaneously driving the I-shaped block 33 at the top to move upward. Since the I-shaped block 33 is limited to sliding within the inclined sliding opening 35 of the inclined plate 34, the vertical upward pushing force will be converted into a horizontal pushing force, which will push the inclined plate 34 and the overall stop block 2 accordingly. 9. When sliding laterally, the stop block 29 will squeeze the second telescopic spring 31, causing the second telescopic spring 31 to compress and store energy. Finally, the oil port 30 on the stop block 29 is aligned with the U-shaped port 23 directly below, and the oil circuit is in a conductive state. In this state, the lubricating oil that was squeezed into the U-shaped port 23 by the oil supply component when unlocking the tail car 3 in the early stage can pass smoothly through the oil port 30 and drip steadily onto the contact surface of the slider 4 and the slide rail 5, providing sufficient and targeted lubrication and maintenance for the statically locked sliding mating parts.
[0058] When it is necessary to readjust the length of the tail car 3 and unlock the tail car 3 for pulling operation, the slider 4 will slide forward or backward along the slide rail 5. During the sliding process of the slider 4, it will gradually disengage from the original pushing block 32. The block 32 is no longer constrained by the pushing of the slider 4 and slides vertically downward along the vertical opening 36 to reset by its own gravity. At the same time, it drives the top I-shaped block 33 to move down synchronously. At this time, the lateral pushing force acting on the inclined plate 34 disappears, and the originally compressed second extension spring 31 releases its elastic potential energy and autonomously pushes the stop block 29 to reset and slide. After the reset, the solid plate surface of the stop block 29 covers and blocks the U-shaped opening 23. The oil port 30 is misaligned with the U-shaped opening 23, the oil passage is closed, and the lubricating oil in the U-shaped opening 23 cannot drip down under the action of gravity.
[0059] During the unlocking of the tail car 3 and the sliding movement of the slider 4, the U-shaped opening 23 corresponding to the empty slide 5 position that the slider 4 leaves will be blocked by the stop block 29. The lubricating oil is temporarily stored inside the U-shaped opening 23 and will not drip due to gravity, thus avoiding the problem of lubricating oil waste and local dryness. Only when the slider 4 slides through the empty position again and pushes the stop block 32 upward again will the oil circuit be automatically opened, and the temporarily stored lubricating oil will be released to lubricate the upper surface of the slider 4, so that the slider 4 has sufficient lubricating oil coverage for sliding, avoiding dry friction wear and sliding jamming.
[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for the double-layer main beam of an ultra-long pull-out semi-trailer, characterized in that, It includes a front vehicle (1), a middle vehicle (2) and a rear vehicle (3). One end of the middle vehicle (2) is fixedly connected to the front vehicle (1). The lower surface of the rear vehicle (3) is symmetrically fixedly equipped with sliders (4). The two sides of the middle vehicle (2) are horizontally provided with slides (5). The two sliders (4) are slidably installed in the slides (5). The intermediate car (2) has an installation cavity (6) inside, and a sliding plate (7) is symmetrically slidably installed in the installation cavity (6). On the side of the two sliding plates (7) that are far apart from each other, multiple I-shaped limiting blocks (8) are fixedly installed at equal intervals. On the side of the two sliders (4) that are close to each other, an I-shaped limiting groove (9) is opened. Multiple I-shaped through holes are opened at equal intervals on the surface of the slide rail (5). Multiple limiting blocks (8) are slidably arranged in multiple I-shaped through holes, and multiple limiting blocks (8) are slidably inserted into multiple limiting grooves (9). The two sliding plates (7) are controlled to move relative to each other by a driving component.
2. The telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for the double-layer main beam of an ultra-long pull-out semi-trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving component includes a bidirectional electric push rod (10). The side of the front vehicle (1) connected to the middle vehicle (2) has a mounting groove. The bidirectional electric push rod (10) is fixedly installed in the mounting groove. The side of the middle vehicle (2) connected to the front vehicle (1) has a horizontal opening for connecting the mounting groove and the mounting cavity (6). Both drive shafts of the bidirectional electric push rod (10) are fixedly installed with L-shaped plates (11). Both L-shaped plates (11) are slidably installed in the horizontal opening, and the ends away from the bidirectional electric push rod (10) are fixedly connected to two sliding plates (7).
3. The telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for the double-layer main beam of an ultra-long pull-out semi-trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple sliding grooves (12) are equally spaced horizontally on both sides of the tail vehicle (3), and the sliding grooves (12) are equipped with widening side pull components for adjusting the width of the tail vehicle (3).
4. The telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for the double-layer main beam of an ultra-long pull-out semi-trailer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The widened side pull component includes a movable rod (13) that is slidably installed in the slide groove (12). The top of the tail car (3) has a plurality of circular grooves (14) that are vertically opened and correspond to the positions of the plurality of slide grooves (12). The bottom of the circular groove (14) has an opening (15) that is connected to the slide groove (12). The opening (15) is provided with a locking component for locking the movable rod (13).
5. The telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for the double-layer main beam of an ultra-long pull-out semi-trailer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locking component includes a locking rod (16) that is slidably inserted into the opening (15) and a mounting block (17) that is fixedly installed on the top of the locking rod (16). The top of the moving rod (13) is provided with a plurality of locking slots (18) at equal intervals. The bottom end of the locking rod (16) is slidably inserted into one of the locking slots (18). A first telescopic spring (19) is sleeved on the locking rod (16). The two ends of the first telescopic spring (19) are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the mounting block (17) and the bottom of the circular groove (14), respectively.
6. The telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for the double-layer main beam of an ultra-long pull-out semi-trailer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting block (17) is fixedly mounted with a T-shaped handle (20) on top, and the upper surface of the handle (20) is lower than the horizontal plane of the groove (14).
7. The telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for the double-layer main beam of an ultra-long pull-out semi-trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting cavity (6) is provided with two rows of oil supply components at the top and bottom. The oil supply components include multiple mounting rods (21) and multiple piston rods (22). The mounting rods (21) are fixedly connected to the cavity wall of the mounting cavity (6) through connecting rods, and one end of the mounting rods (21) is horizontally provided with a slot. The multiple piston rods (22) are respectively sealed and slidably inserted into multiple slots. The upper and lower surfaces of the slide rail (5) are provided with U-shaped openings (23) that communicate with the mounting cavity (6). The surface of the mounting rods (21) is fixedly installed with an oil inlet pipe (24) and an oil outlet pipe (25). The oil inlet pipe (24) and the oil outlet pipe (25) are both provided with one-way valves. The top of the intermediate car (2) Two rows of oil storage chambers are provided inside the interior and at the bottom. Multiple oil outlet pipes (25) are fixedly installed in multiple U-shaped openings (23). One end of multiple oil inlet pipes (24) is inserted into multiple oil storage chambers. A fixing block is fixedly installed at one end of the piston rod (22). A spring rod (26) is fixedly installed horizontally on the surface of the fixing block. One end of the spring rod (26) is fixedly connected to the cavity wall of the mounting cavity (6). Multiple L-shaped push rods (27) are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the upper and lower surfaces of the slide plate (7). The positions of the multiple push rods (27) on the surfaces of the two slide plates (7) are staggered, and the ends of the multiple push rods (27) correspond to the positions of the multiple fixing blocks.
8. The telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for the double-layer main beam of an ultra-long pull-out semi-trailer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The one-way valve in the oil inlet pipe (24) is directed from the oil storage chamber to the slot, and the one-way valve in the oil outlet pipe (25) is directed from the slot to the U-shaped port (23).
9. The telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for the double-layer main beam of an ultra-long pull-out semi-trailer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top of the slide (5) has a plurality of rectangular cavities (28) that are connected to a plurality of U-shaped openings (23). A stop block (29) is horizontally slidably installed in the rectangular cavity (28). An oil inlet (30) connected to the U-shaped opening (23) is opened through the surface of the stop block (29). A second telescopic spring (31) is provided in the rectangular cavity (28). The two ends of the second telescopic spring (31) are fixedly connected to the cavity wall of the rectangular cavity (28) and one side of the stop block (29), respectively. The stop block (29) is controlled to move laterally by a pressing component.
10. The telescopic locking and limiting mechanism for the double-layer main beam of an ultra-long pull-out semi-trailer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The pressing component includes a pressing block (32) and an I-shaped block (33) fixedly installed on the top of the pressing block (32). A sloping plate (34) is fixedly installed on the side of the stop block (29) away from the second telescopic spring (31). An inclined sliding opening (35) is opened on the surface of the inclined plate (34). A vertical opening (36) connected to the slide rail (5) is vertically opened at the bottom of the rectangular cavity (28). Multiple pressing blocks (32) are vertically slidably arranged in multiple vertical openings (36), and multiple pressing blocks (32) are all located on the moving path of the slider (4). Multiple I-shaped blocks (33) are slidably installed in multiple inclined sliding openings (35). The cross section of the pressing block (32) is a right trapezoid.