A stratified flow guiding ventilation system for a ship carbon capture system and method of operation

Abstract

A layered flow guide ventilation system for a ship carbon capture system and a working method, belonging to the technical field of ship exhaust gas treatment. The structure comprises a tapered waist-shaped hole system and a flow guide comb device; the tapered waist-shaped hole system is composed of elliptical communication holes arranged on each layer deck, and the system adopts a design that the area of the waist-shaped hole increases layer by layer from top to bottom; an adjustable angle flow guide comb device is arranged in each waist-shaped hole, which is composed of a plurality of parallel arranged thin sheets, and can disperse and guide the concentrated airflow to the equipment intensive area. Through the coordinated design of the tapered waist-shaped hole and the flow guide comb, the structure realizes the balanced distribution and accurate guidance of the airflow in the multi-layer space, ensuring that each layer obtains stable and efficient ventilation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a stratified flow ventilation system and its working method for a ship carbon capture system, belonging to the field of ship exhaust gas treatment technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demands for green and low-carbon development in the global shipping industry, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and various countries have successively introduced strict regulations on ship carbon emission control. Ship carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology has become a key technological path to achieving ship emission reduction targets. Ship carbon capture systems typically reduce ship carbon emissions by absorbing, separating, and collecting carbon dioxide from the exhaust of main and auxiliary engines. These systems are usually installed in multi-deck spaces, and the heat generated during operation and any potentially leaked harmful gases need to be promptly exhausted through the ventilation system. Due to space constraints on ships, the ventilation structure needs to be compact and efficient. Currently, common multi-deck ventilation structures on ships mainly use simple circular through-holes, with ventilation openings of the same size between each deck. Airflow is achieved through natural pressure differential or mechanical ventilation. However, this structure suffers from poor ventilation in the middle decks when arranged in multiple layers, resulting in dead air zones; the interconnected structures between decks are prone to dust accumulation and blockage, making maintenance and cleaning difficult; airflow is unstable when the ship rolls, affecting ventilation efficiency; and ventilation resistance is high, leading to high energy consumption. Therefore, developing a layered airflow ventilation structure that can achieve uniform ventilation across all layers, prevent blockages, and is easy to maintain, in order to improve the ventilation effect and reliability of ship carbon capture systems, is of great practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems of uneven ventilation, easy blockage, difficult maintenance, and the generation of eddies and resistance in existing ship carbon capture systems, this invention provides a layered airflow guiding ventilation structure for ship carbon capture systems. Through the coordinated design of gradually changing waist-shaped holes and airflow guiding comb teeth, it achieves balanced distribution and precise guidance of airflow in multiple layers, ensuring that each layer obtains a stable and efficient ventilation effect.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a layered flow ventilation system for a ship carbon capture system, characterized in that: the ship carbon capture system is installed from top to bottom on the top layer of the carbon capture system, the navigation bridge deck, the D deck, the C deck, the B deck, and the A deck;

[0005] The ventilation system includes an air inlet, a ventilator, a vertical ventilation duct, and a horizontal exhaust duct. The ventilator and air inlet are located on the top layer of the carbon capture system. The vertical ventilation duct connects the ventilator and the horizontal exhaust duct. The vertical ventilation duct passes sequentially through the bridge deck, deck D, deck C, and deck B. The horizontal exhaust duct is located on deck A.

[0006] The navigation bridge deck, D deck, C deck, and B deck are all equipped with waist-shaped holes for ventilation, and the total area of ​​the waist-shaped holes on each deck increases from top to bottom.

[0007] The structure of the waist-shaped hole adopts a central rectangular area and waist-shaped areas on both sides. The rectangular area is provided with several guide comb teeth, and the waist-shaped area is provided with a fixed grid.

[0008] The guide comb teeth are mounted on the comb tooth rotating shaft. One end of the comb tooth rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the end plate of the rotating shaft, and the other end passes through the rotating shaft plate and is fixedly mounted with a gear. The gear meshes with the rack, drags the rack to drive the gear to rotate, and then drives the guide comb teeth to rotate through the comb tooth rotating shaft, so as to realize the adjustment of the guide angle of the guide comb teeth.

[0009] Furthermore, the rack and gear are arranged between the bottom plate and the top plate, and the bottom plate and the top plate are fixed between the shaft plate and the wall of the waist-shaped hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the rack is divided into a rack section and a locking section, and a rack pull rod is fixedly installed on the locking section.

[0011] Furthermore, a gap is provided in the middle of the top plate for the rack and pinion rod to reciprocate.

[0012] Furthermore, a locking bolt is provided on the top plate. The locking bolt acts on the locking section and presses it to the bottom plate to lock the rack.

[0013] Furthermore, several exhaust vents are provided on the horizontal exhaust main duct.

[0014] Furthermore, a waist-shaped hole is provided on deck B, a waist-shaped hole is provided on deck C, a waist-shaped hole is provided on deck D, and a waist-shaped hole is provided on the bridge deck.

[0015] A method for operating a stratified airflow ventilation system for a ship carbon capture system includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. Start the ventilation fan to draw air from the area above deck A through the vertical ventilation main and horizontal exhaust pipes, and create negative pressure in this area;

[0017] S2. Natural wind from the top layer of the carbon capture system enters the area above the bridge deck through the air inlet, and due to the negative pressure at deck A, the natural wind flows downwards from top to bottom.

[0018] S3. Pull the rack and pinion lever to adjust the air intake direction of the waist-shaped holes on deck B, deck C, deck D, and deck D, respectively. Drag the rack to drive the gear to rotate, which in turn drives the guide comb to rotate through the comb shaft, thereby adjusting the guide angle of the guide comb; dispersing the concentrated airflow and guiding it to the densely populated equipment area.

[0019] S4. Pass through the waist-shaped opening on the navigation bridge deck to enter the area above deck D, pass through deck D to enter the area above deck C, pass through deck C to enter the area above deck B, pass through deck B to enter the area above deck A; ultimately forming a total air intake and exhaust cycle.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By designing a gradually increasing waist-shaped hole with progressively larger aperture from top to bottom, the problem of strong ventilation in the upper and lower layers and weak ventilation in the middle layer of traditional ventilation devices is solved, achieving uniform and stable ventilation throughout the entire layer; the integrated adjustable-angle guide comb device can disperse and direct concentrated airflow to densely populated equipment areas, achieving refined local airflow management, effectively eliminating eddies and ventilation dead zones, and ensuring efficient coverage of fresh air; the synergistic design of the gradually increasing waist-shaped hole and the guide comb improves ventilation efficiency and reduces airflow loss, while also having the advantages of simple structure, stable operation, and convenient maintenance. It is also suitable for different ship operating environments, and the ventilation effect remains stable. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a stratified ventilation system for a ship carbon capture system.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top layer layout of a carbon capture system.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of deck A.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of deck B.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the C deck layout.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of deck D.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the navigation bridge deck layout.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the waist-shaped hole.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rack and pinion mechanism.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Top layer of carbon capture system, 2. Navigation bridge deck, 3. D deck, 4. C deck, 5. B deck, 6. A deck, 7. Ventilation fan, 8. Vertical ventilation duct, 9. Air inlet, 10. Horizontal exhaust duct, 11. Exhaust outlet, 12. Waist-shaped hole on B deck, 13. Waist-shaped hole on C deck, 14. Waist-shaped hole on D deck, 15. Waist-shaped hole on navigation bridge deck.

[0031] 1a. Fixed grid, 1b. Guide comb teeth, 1c. Comb tooth shaft, 1d. Shaft plate, 1e. Shaft end plate, 1f. Gear, 1g. Rack, 1g1. Rack section, 1g2. Locking section, 1h. Rack pull rod, 1i. Locking bolt, 1j. Top plate, 1k. Bottom plate. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 9 The structure of a stratified flow ventilation system for a ship carbon capture system is shown.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the ship's carbon capture system is installed from top to bottom on the top layer 1 of the carbon capture system, the navigation bridge deck 2, the D deck 3, the C deck 4, the B deck 5, and the A deck 6. The ventilation system includes air inlets 9, ventilators 7, a vertical ventilation duct 8, and a horizontal exhaust duct 10. Ventilators 7 and air inlets 9 are located on the top layer 1 of the carbon capture system. The vertical ventilation duct 8 connects the ventilators 7 and the horizontal exhaust duct 10. The vertical ventilation duct 8 passes sequentially through the navigation bridge deck 2, the D deck 3, the C deck 4, and the B deck 5. The horizontal exhaust duct 10 is located on the A deck 6, and several exhaust outlets 11 are provided on the horizontal exhaust duct 10.

[0035] Ventilation openings are provided on decks 2, 3, 4, and 5, including bridge decks. The total area of ​​the openings on each deck increases from top to bottom, i.e., D1 < D2 < D3 < D4. Specifically, deck 5 has a B-deck waist opening 12, deck 4 has a C-deck waist opening 13, deck 3 has a D-deck waist opening 14, and bridge deck 2 has a bridge deck waist opening 15.

[0036] By employing the aforementioned waist-shaped perforation system with its area increasing layer by layer from top to bottom, and utilizing the Venturi effect in fluid mechanics, the air pressure and air volume of each layer can be balanced progressively from top to bottom, thereby alleviating the problem of strong ventilation at the top and bottom layers and weak ventilation in the middle layers. Furthermore, the number, direction, and placement of the waist-shaped perforations on each layer can be optimized according to the air volume requirements and equipment layout of each layer, achieving localized ventilation across different layers.

[0037] The specific structure of the waist-shaped hole and the guide comb device, such as Figures 8 to 9 As shown, the waist-shaped hole adopts a structure of a central rectangular area and two waist-shaped areas on both sides. The rectangular area is provided with several guide comb teeth 1b, and the waist-shaped areas are provided with fixed grids 1a.

[0038] Each oblong hole is equipped with an adjustable-angle guide comb device. This device consists of multiple parallel thin plates, and the installation angle of the guide comb 1b is adjustable within the range of 15° to 30°. The guide comb 1b is mounted on the comb shaft 1c, one end of which is rotatably mounted on the shaft end plate 1e, and the other end passes through the shaft inter-plate 1d and is fixedly mounted with a gear 1f.

[0039] Gear 1f meshes with rack 1g. Rack 1g and gear 1f are positioned between base plate 1k and top plate 1j. Base plate 1k and top plate 1j are fixed between shaft interplate 1d and the wall of the oblong hole. Rack 1g is divided into rack section 1g1 and locking section 1g2. A rack pull rod 1h is fixedly mounted on locking section 1g2. A gap is provided in the middle of top plate 1j for the rack pull rod 1h to reciprocate. Locking bolt 1i is also provided on top plate 1j.

[0040] When adjusting the flow guide angle, pull the rack pull rod 1h along the gap of the top plate 1j to make the rack 1g move back and forth. The rack 1g drives the comb shaft 1c to rotate through the gear 1f, which in turn drives the flow guide comb 1b to rotate, thereby adjusting the flow guide angle of the flow guide comb 1b. After the adjustment is in place, tighten the locking bolt 1i so that the locking bolt 1i acts on the locking section 1g2 and presses it onto the bottom plate 1k to lock the rack 1g, thereby fixing the flow guide comb 1b at the required angle.

[0041] The above structure can disperse concentrated airflow and direct it to areas with dense equipment, enabling refined management of local airflow, reducing eddies, and allowing fresh air to better cover key equipment on each floor.

[0042] When using the above technical solution, the working method of the stratified airflow ventilation system includes the following steps:

[0043] S1. Start the ventilation fan 7 to draw air from the area above deck A 6 through the vertical ventilation main duct 8 and the horizontal exhaust duct 10, and create negative pressure in the area;

[0044] S2. The natural wind on the top layer 1 of the carbon capture system enters the area above the navigation bridge deck 2 through the air inlet 9, and flows downwards from top to bottom due to the negative pressure formed at the A deck 6.

[0045] S3. Pull the rack and pinion lever 1h to adjust the air intake direction of the waist-shaped hole 12 on deck B, waist-shaped hole 13 on deck C, waist-shaped hole 14 on deck D and waist-shaped hole 15 on the bridge deck respectively: drag the rack 1g to drive the gear 1f to rotate, which in turn drives the guide comb 1b to rotate through the comb shaft 1c, thereby adjusting the guide angle of the guide comb 1b, dispersing the concentrated airflow and guiding it to the dense equipment area;

[0046] S4. The airflow passes through the waist-shaped opening 15 of the navigation bridge deck and enters the area above the D deck 3. It then passes through the D deck 3 and enters the area above the C deck 4. It then passes through the C deck 4 and enters the area above the B deck 5. Finally, it passes through the B deck 5 and enters the area above the A deck 6, thus forming a total air intake and exhaust cycle.

[0047] This invention provides a layered airflow ventilation structure for a ship carbon capture system. The structure mainly comprises a gradually changing waist-shaped orifice system and a flow-guiding comb device. The gradually changing waist-shaped orifice system includes elliptical connecting holes located on each deck level. This system employs a design where the area of ​​the waist-shaped orifices increases progressively from top to bottom (i.e., D1 < D2 < D3 < D4). This design utilizes the Venturi effect in fluid mechanics to balance wind pressure and airflow level by level from top to bottom, fundamentally solving the problem of strong ventilation at the top and bottom layers and weak ventilation in the middle layers.

[0048] Each oblong opening is equipped with an adjustable-angle airflow guide comb device, which can disperse concentrated airflow and direct it to densely populated equipment areas, enabling refined management of local airflow, eliminating eddies, and ensuring that fresh air effectively covers all critical equipment. In particular, the number, direction, and placement of the oblong openings on each floor are optimized according to the airflow requirements and equipment layout of each floor to achieve localized ventilation on each floor.

[0049] In some specific implementations, curved guide vanes can be used instead of comb-tooth structures.

[0050] In some specific implementations, the comb tooth material can be replaced; for example, engineering plastics can be used instead of stainless steel to reduce costs.

[0051] In some specific implementations, the aperture shape can be replaced: a rounded rectangle can be used instead of an ellipse.

[0052] This structure achieves purely mechanical airflow optimization through its unique physical construction. It significantly improves the uniformity of ventilation across all levels without relying on complex control systems, effectively prevents blockages, and facilitates maintenance. Robust and durable, this structure is particularly well-suited to the high humidity and dynamic rolling environments of ships, providing a reliable, efficient, and low-maintenance ventilation solution for marine carbon capture systems.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stratified flow ventilation system for a ship carbon capture system, characterized in that: The ship's carbon capture system is installed from top to bottom on the top layer of the carbon capture system (1), the navigation bridge deck (2), the D deck (3), the C deck (4), the B deck (5), and the A deck (6); The ventilation system includes an air inlet (9), a ventilator (7), a vertical ventilation duct (8), and a horizontal exhaust duct (10). The ventilator (7) and the air inlet (9) are located on the top layer (1) of the carbon capture system. The vertical ventilation duct (8) connects the ventilator (7) and the horizontal exhaust duct (10). The vertical ventilation duct (8) passes through the bridge deck (2), D deck (3), C deck (4), and B deck (5) in sequence. The horizontal exhaust duct (10) is located on the A deck (6). The navigation bridge deck (2), D deck (3), C deck (4), and B deck (5) are all provided with waist-shaped holes for ventilation, and the total area of ​​the waist-shaped holes on each deck increases from top to bottom. The structure of the waist-shaped hole adopts a central rectangular area and waist-shaped areas on both sides. The rectangular area is provided with several guide comb teeth (1b), and the waist-shaped area is provided with a fixed grid (1a). The guide comb teeth (1b) are set on the comb tooth rotating shaft (1c). One end of the comb tooth rotating shaft (1c) is rotatably set on the rotating shaft end plate (1e), and the other end passes through the rotating shaft inter-plate (1d) and is fixedly set with a gear (1f). The gear (1f) meshes with the rack (1g), drags the rack (1g) to drive the gear (1f) to rotate, and then drives the guide comb teeth (1b) to rotate through the comb tooth rotating shaft (1c), so as to realize the adjustment of the guide angle of the guide comb teeth (1b).

2. The stratified flow ventilation system for a ship carbon capture system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rack (1g) and gear (1f) are disposed between the bottom plate (1k) and the top plate (1j), and the bottom plate (1k) and the top plate (1j) are fixed between the shaft interplate (1d) and the wall of the waist-shaped hole.

3. A stratified flow ventilation system for a ship carbon capture system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rack (1g) is divided into a rack section (1g1) and a locking section (1g2), and a rack pull rod (1h) is fixedly installed on the locking section (1g2).

4. A stratified flow ventilation system for a ship carbon capture system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top plate (1j) has a gap in the middle for the rack and pinion rod (1h) to reciprocate.

5. A stratified flow ventilation system for a ship carbon capture system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top plate (1j) is also provided with a locking bolt (1i), which acts on the locking section (1g2) and presses it onto the bottom plate (1k) to lock the rack (1g).

6. A stratified flow ventilation system for a ship carbon capture system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Several exhaust ports (11) are provided on the horizontal exhaust main pipe (10).

7. A stratified flow ventilation system for a ship carbon capture system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The B deck (5) is provided with a waist-shaped hole (12), the C deck (4) is provided with a waist-shaped hole (13), the D deck (3) is provided with a waist-shaped hole (14), and the navigation bridge deck (2) is provided with a waist-shaped hole (15).

8. The method of operating a stratified flow ventilation system for a ship carbon capture system according to claim 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Start the ventilation fan (7) to draw air from the area above deck A (6) through the vertical ventilation main (8) and the horizontal exhaust pipe (10) and create negative pressure in this area; S2. The natural wind on the top layer (1) of the carbon capture system enters the area above the navigation bridge deck (2) through the air inlet (9), and due to the negative pressure at the A deck (6), the natural wind flows downward from top to bottom. S3. Pull the rack and pinion lever (1h) to adjust the air intake direction of the waist-shaped holes (12), (13), (14), and (15) of deck B, respectively. Drag the rack (1g) to drive the gear (1f) to rotate, which in turn drives the guide comb (1b) to rotate through the comb shaft (1c), thereby adjusting the guide angle of the guide comb (1b); and disperse the concentrated airflow and guide it to the dense equipment area. S4. Pass through the waist-shaped hole (15) of the navigation bridge deck to enter the area above the D deck (3), pass through the D deck (3) to enter the area above the C deck (4), pass through the C deck (4) to enter the area above the B deck (5), pass through the B deck (5) to enter the area above the A deck (6); finally forming a total air intake and exhaust cycle.

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