Elevator guide rail piezoelectric thermal expansion type damping control method

Abstract

The application provides an elevator guide rail piezoelectric thermal expansion type damping control method, comprising the following steps: collecting a guide rail compression deformation variable and a deformation rate by a piezoelectric energy collection component and outputting a piezoelectric voltage signal; determining an impact intensity based on the piezoelectric voltage signal; when the impact intensity is lower than a first preset threshold, driving an electric heating component to generate a first expansion thrust by a piezoelectric current; when the impact intensity is not lower than the first preset threshold, driving the electric heating component to generate a second expansion thrust by an energy storage power supply module. The application realizes adaptive matching of the guide rail deformation variable and the reverse thrust, low-impact piezoelectric self-power generation low-energy-consumption operation, high-impact energy storage output large thrust, and basic damping capacity maintenance when external power supply is interrupted, and has the advantages of rapid response, low energy consumption and good safety redundancy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of elevator vibration reduction and noise reduction technology, specifically to a piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration reduction control method for elevator guide rails. Background Technology

[0002] During high-speed operation, minor unevenness on the guide rail surface caused by processing and installation, step height differences at guide rail joints, and sliding friction between the guide shoes and guide rails all induce vibrations. These vibrations not only generate noise through the car wall panels but also travel along the guide rails to the hoistway support structure, potentially causing fatigue damage to building components over time.

[0003] In current elevator engineering practice, a common method to suppress guide rail vibration is to install rubber vibration isolation pads, metal springs, or composite damping layers at the connection between the guide rail support and the shaft wall. These passive components have simple structures, but their stiffness and damping are fixed after leaving the factory, providing effective vibration isolation only within a specific frequency range. When the elevator load or operating speed changes, the fixed-parameter elastic components struggle to match the actual operating conditions; simultaneously, rubber materials age and harden under pressure, causing their vibration isolation performance to gradually degrade. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art and provide a piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration reduction control method for elevator guide rails.

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration reduction control method for elevator guide rails, comprising: acquiring the compression deformation and deformation rate generated when the elevator guide rail is subjected to compression deformation through a piezoelectric energy acquisition component, and outputting a piezoelectric voltage signal that matches the compression deformation and deformation rate; The current impact intensity of the elevator guide rail is determined based on the piezoelectric voltage signal. When the impact intensity is lower than the first preset threshold, the piezoelectric current generated by the piezoelectric energy harvesting component due to the deformation and compression of the elevator guide rail is output to the electric heating component. The electric heating component heats the heated expansion medium in the sealed structure to make the heated expansion medium expand. The heated expansion medium applies a first expansion thrust to the elevator guide rail through the thrust action part. When the impact intensity is not lower than the first preset threshold, the energy storage power module inputs a driving current to the electric heating component, the electric heating component heats the heated expansion medium to make the heated expansion medium expand, and the heated expansion medium applies a second expansion thrust to the elevator guide rail through the thrust action part, the second expansion thrust being not less than the first expansion thrust.

[0006] In some optional embodiments, the step of outputting the piezoelectric current generated by the deformation and compression of the elevator guide rail to the electric heating component includes: outputting the piezoelectric current generated by the deformation and compression of the elevator guide rail to the electric heating component; calculating the rising slope of the piezoelectric voltage signal; and when the rising slope is not lower than a preset slope threshold, inputting a preheating current to the electric heating component through the energy storage power module.

[0007] In some alternative implementations, when an interruption in the power supply from the external power supply system to the energy storage power module is detected, the energy storage power module stops inputting the driving current to the electric heating component, while the piezoelectric energy harvesting component continues to input the piezoelectric current to the thermal expansion medium.

[0008] In some optional implementations, when the impact intensity is not lower than a second preset threshold and the rising slope of the piezoelectric voltage signal is not lower than a preset slope threshold, the maximum rated current is input to the electric heating component through the energy storage power module, and the electric heating component heats the thermal expansion medium at the maximum rated power to cause the thermal expansion medium to expand. The thermal expansion medium applies a third expansion thrust to the elevator guide rail through the thrust action part, and the third expansion thrust is greater than the second expansion thrust.

[0009] In some optional embodiments, the energy storage power module is provided with a pre-storage capacitor bank; when the impact intensity is lower than a first preset threshold, the piezoelectric current generated by the deformation and compression of the elevator guide rail by the piezoelectric energy acquisition component is output to the electric heating component and the pre-storage capacitor bank; when the impact intensity is not lower than a second preset threshold and the rising slope of the piezoelectric voltage signal is not lower than a preset slope threshold, the maximum rated current is input to the electric heating component through the pre-storage capacitor bank; wherein, the second preset threshold is not lower than the first preset threshold.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the step of determining the current impact intensity of the elevator guide rail based on the piezoelectric voltage signal includes: the piezoelectric voltage signal is output to the control unit after passing through a rectifier and filter circuit, and the control unit determines the current impact intensity of the elevator guide rail based on the piezoelectric voltage signal.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, the step of inputting drive current to the electric heating component through the energy storage power module includes: dynamically adjusting the magnitude of the drive current output to the electric heating component according to the real-time amplitude of the piezoelectric voltage signal, wherein the larger the amplitude of the piezoelectric voltage signal, the larger the drive current output by the control unit.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the thermal expansion medium cavity is one or more of a gaseous material, a liquid material, a solid material, a solid-liquid phase change material, or a liquid-gas phase change material.

[0013] Compared to existing technologies, the piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration control method for elevator guide rails of this invention directly converts the compressibility deformation and deformation rate of the guide rail into a piezoelectric voltage signal through a piezoelectric energy acquisition component. Utilizing the inherent zero-delay response of piezoelectric materials, it achieves real-time sensing of the guide rail's impact state, avoiding the physical delays caused by sensor sampling, signal transmission, and algorithm calculations in traditional active vibration reduction systems. When the impact intensity is low, only the piezoelectric current generated by the piezoelectric energy acquisition component drives the electric heating component, achieving low-energy-consumption foundation buffer vibration reduction. When the impact intensity is high, a driving current is input to the electric heating component through an energy storage power module, generating a stronger expansion thrust, achieving efficient cancellation of impact energy. By detecting the rising slope of the piezoelectric voltage signal, preheating can be performed before the peak value of the severe impact, eliminating heat conduction hysteresis and achieving synchronous cancellation of the counter-thrust and impact deformation. When the external power supply is interrupted, the piezoelectric energy acquisition component can still continue to input piezoelectric current to the electric heating component, maintaining the foundation vibration reduction capability, and has good power outage safety redundancy.

[0014] To provide a clearer understanding of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an elevator guide rail piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration reduction control method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an elevator guide rail piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration damping device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting base, electric heating assembly, and sealed structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting base, electric heating assembly, and sealed structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10. Mounting base; 20. Piezoelectric energy harvesting component; 21. Multilayer piezoelectric ceramic sheet stack; 30. Sealed structure; 31. Thrust action part; 32. Flexible corrugated diaphragm; 33. Guide cylinder; 34. Piston; 35. Receptacle cavity; 40. Electric heating component; 50. Energy storage power module; 60. Controller; 70. Elevator guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more, and "a number" means one or more. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features.

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0020] In the description of this invention, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some alternative implementations," or "some optional embodiments," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 One embodiment of the present invention provides a piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration reduction control method for elevator guide rails, which includes the following steps: S1: Collecting the compression deformation amount and deformation rate generated when the elevator guide rail is squeezed and deformed by the piezoelectric energy harvesting assembly, and outputting a piezoelectric voltage signal matching the compression deformation amount and deformation rate.

[0022] The piezoelectric energy harvesting assembly is arranged on the compression deformation path of the elevator guide rail, and located between the mounting base and the elevator guide rail. When the elevator guide rail undergoes extrusion deformation due to the passing of the guide shoe, step at the guide rail joint or other excitations, the piezoelectric energy harvesting assembly (stacked multilayer piezoelectric ceramic sheets) is subjected to compression deformation. According to the piezoelectric effect, when a piezoelectric material is subjected to mechanical stress, it will generate polarized charges proportional to the magnitude of the stress, forming a voltage output at both ends of the material. The amplitude of the piezoelectric voltage signal is in a linear positive correlation with the instantaneous compression deformation amount of the guide rail, that is, the greater the deformation of the guide rail, the higher the amplitude of the piezoelectric voltage signal output by the piezoelectric energy harvesting assembly; meanwhile, the rising slope of the signal reflects the deformation rate of the guide rail, that is, the faster the deformation speed, the steeper the rising edge of the voltage signal.

[0023] S2: Determining the current shock intensity of the elevator guide rail based on the piezoelectric voltage signal. The piezoelectric voltage signal is output to the control unit after passing through a rectifier filter circuit, and the control unit determines the current shock intensity of the elevator guide rail based on the piezoelectric voltage signal. The control unit has a built-in analog-to-digital conversion module, which converts analog voltage signals into digital quantities for analysis and calculation by an internal processor. The control unit calculates two key parameters at the same time: the real-time amplitude U of the piezoelectric voltage signal (representing the current compression deformation amount of the guide rail) and the rising slope k = dU / dt of the piezoelectric voltage signal (representing the deformation rate of the guide rail). A first preset threshold U1, a second preset threshold U2 (U2>U1) and a preset slope threshold k1 are preset inside the control unit. When U<U1, the control unit determines that it is currently in a low shock intensity state, that is, basic vibration caused by micro-amplitude irregularities on the surface of the guide rail. When U1≤ U<U2, the control unit determines that it is a medium shock intensity state. When U ≥ U2, the control unit determines that it is a high shock intensity state, that is, severe shock deformation generated at the guide rail joint or caused by other reasons.

[0024] S3: When the shock intensity is lower than the first preset threshold, entering the low-energy consumption basic buffer mode, outputting the piezoelectric current generated by the piezoelectric energy harvesting assembly when squeezed by the deformation of the elevator guide rail to the electric heating assembly, wherein the electric heating assembly heats the heat-expandable medium in a closed structure to expand the heat-expandable medium by heat, and the heat-expandable medium applies a first expansion thrust to the elevator guide rail through a thrust acting part. In this mode, the control unit cuts off the power supply of the energy storage power module, and only uses the weak electric energy (after rectification) generated by the piezoelectric energy harvesting assembly itself to directly drive the electric heating assembly. At this time, the electric heating assembly generates heat at extremely low power, and the heat-expandable medium generates a weak expansion thrust to buffer the basic vibration of the guide rail. In this mode, the device does not consume external energy storage, realizing low-energy consumption operation.

[0025] S4: When the impact intensity is not lower than the first preset threshold and is lower than the second preset threshold, the high-power active reverse thrust mode is entered. The energy storage power module inputs the driving current to the electric heating component. The electric heating component heats the thermal expansion medium to make the thermal expansion medium expand. The thermal expansion medium applies a second expansion thrust to the elevator guide rail through the thrust action part. The second expansion thrust is not less than the first expansion thrust.

[0026] In high-power active reverse push mode, the steps of inputting drive current to the electric heating component through the energy storage power module include: dynamically adjusting the magnitude of the drive current output to the electric heating component according to the real-time amplitude of the piezoelectric voltage signal. The larger the amplitude of the piezoelectric voltage signal, the larger the drive current output by the control unit.

[0027] The control unit calculates the required counteracting force F based on the real-time amplitude U of the piezoelectric voltage signal using a built-in mapping relationship, and then calculates the required electric heating power P. The mapping relationship is: the target counteracting force F is proportional to the guide rail deformation (i.e., the piezoelectric voltage amplitude U), i.e., F = α · U, where α is a calibrated conversion coefficient. The control unit draws electrical energy from the energy storage module according to the power demand and outputs a pulse-width modulated drive current of corresponding power to the electric heating component. The larger the amplitude U of the piezoelectric voltage signal, the greater the drive current power output by the control unit, the more violent the expansion of the heated medium, and the stronger the resulting reverse thrust, achieving adaptive matching between the guide rail deformation and the reverse thrust. This adjustment method responds rapidly, completing power adjustment within milliseconds, meeting the real-time requirements of vibration reduction control.

[0028] In some optional implementations, when the impact intensity is not lower than a second preset threshold and the rising slope k of the piezoelectric voltage signal is not lower than a preset slope threshold k1, an emergency strong reverse thrust mode is entered. The energy storage power module inputs the maximum rated current to the electric heating component. The electric heating component heats the thermal expansion medium at its maximum rated power, causing the thermal expansion medium to expand. The thermal expansion medium applies a third expansion thrust to the elevator guide rail through the thrust action part, and this third expansion thrust is greater than the second expansion thrust. When the control unit determines that the current impact intensity is high and the rising slope exceeds the slope threshold, the control unit determines that the guide rail is currently experiencing a high-intensity impact and requires instantaneous high-power output. The control unit controls the energy storage power module to perform instantaneous high-power discharge, outputting the maximum power drive current to the electric heating component. In this mode, the supercapacitor bank in the energy storage power module utilizes its rapid discharge characteristics, releasing a large current within milliseconds, driving the electric heating component to generate high temperatures. The thermal expansion medium expands violently and generates maximum thrust, pushing the deformed guide rail back to its equilibrium position.

[0029] In some optional implementations, the step of outputting the piezoelectric current generated by the deformation and compression of the elevator guide rail to the electric heating component includes: outputting the piezoelectric current generated by the piezoelectric energy harvesting component to the electric heating component; calculating the rising slope of the piezoelectric voltage signal; and when the rising slope is not lower than a preset slope threshold, inputting a preheating current to the electric heating component through the energy storage power module. When the control unit detects that the rising slope k of the piezoelectric voltage signal is ≥ k1 (i.e., the voltage signal rising edge is extremely steep), the control unit determines that a high-speed and violent impact is about to occur, and activates the advanced prediction compensation mechanism. To avoid the delay of the counter-thrust caused by the lag in heat conduction during the heating process of the thermal expansion medium, the control unit outputs preheating power (low-power preheating) to the electric heating component a few milliseconds before the deformation of the guide rail reaches the physical peak value. When the impact intensity reaches the first preset threshold, the thermal expansion medium has been preheated to a temperature close to the operating temperature required for the high-power active reverse thrust mode. At this time, the control unit immediately switches to the high-power active reverse thrust mode, and the energy storage power module outputs the drive current, so that the expansion thrust and the impact deformation of the elevator guide rail can be precisely and synchronously canceled.

[0030] In some optional implementations, when an interruption in the power supply from the external power supply system to the energy storage module is detected, the energy storage module stops inputting drive current to the electric heating component, while the piezoelectric energy harvesting component continues to input piezoelectric current to the thermally expanding medium. When the external power supply is interrupted and the energy storage module is depleted, the control unit automatically cuts off the power supply from the energy storage module to the electric heating component. At this time, only the weak current generated by the piezoelectric energy harvesting component itself is retained, which is directly supplied to the electric heating component after rectification. By automatically entering a low-energy-consumption foundation buffer mode, relying on the small amount of heat spontaneously generated by the piezoelectric material to maintain the weakened but still basic medium expansion, the elevator ensures that it always maintains its foundation vibration damping capability under extreme power outage conditions.

[0031] In some optional implementations, the energy storage power module includes a pre-stored capacitor bank. When the impact intensity is below a first preset threshold, the piezoelectric current generated by the piezoelectric energy harvesting component due to the deformation and compression of the elevator guide rail is output to the electric heating component and the pre-stored capacitor bank. When the impact intensity is not lower than a second preset threshold and the rising slope of the piezoelectric voltage signal is not lower than a preset slope threshold, the maximum rated current is input to the electric heating component through the pre-stored capacitor bank. The second preset threshold is not lower than the first preset threshold. By pre-storing the electrical energy generated by the piezoelectric energy harvesting component under low-impact conditions in the pre-stored capacitor bank, it can be instantaneously released when high-impact conditions occur, providing instantaneous high-power output and further enhancing the system's response capability to severe impacts. Moreover, storing energy through the pre-stored capacitor bank avoids the problem of being unable to cope with severe impacts in the event of a power outage.

[0032] In some optional implementations, the thermal expansion medium cavity is one or more of a gaseous material, a liquid material, a solid material, a solid-liquid phase change material, or a liquid-gas phase change material. Solid-liquid phase change materials (such as paraffin wax) undergo a rapid volume expansion during the phase change from solid to liquid upon heating, with an expansion rate per unit volume far exceeding that of gaseous media. This allows them to generate significant volume changes and thrust output with relatively small temperature rises, making them suitable for vibration damping scenarios requiring rapid response. Liquid-gas phase change materials also experience significant volume expansion when heated from a liquid to a gaseous state, generating substantial expansion thrust. In addition, when filling the accommodating cavity 35 with a thermal expansion medium, the accommodating cavity 35 can be pre-filled with a thermal expansion medium exceeding the volume of the accommodating cavity 35, so that the thermal expansion medium in the accommodating cavity 35 is in a pre-compressed state, thereby ensuring a certain thrust response even in the unheated state, and being able to quickly generate sufficient thrust on the thrust action part 31 after being heated; especially when using a flexible corrugated diaphragm 32, the pre-compressed thermal expansion medium can maintain support for the flexible corrugated diaphragm 32, preventing the flexible corrugated diaphragm 32 from becoming loose and affecting the position of other structures (such as the thrust action part 31).

[0033] Please see Figure 2 An embodiment of the present invention also provides an elevator guide rail piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration damping device, which can be applied to the elevator guide rail piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration damping method described above. The elevator guide rail piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration damping device includes a mounting base 10, a piezoelectric energy harvesting component 20, a sealed structure 30, an electric heating component 40, an energy storage power module 50, and a control unit 60.

[0034] A sealed structure 30 is mounted on the mounting base 10 and positioned between the mounting base 10 and the elevator guide rail 70. The sealed structure 30 is filled with a thermally expanding medium. A thrusting part 31 for transmitting expansion force is movably disposed on the side of the sealed structure 30 facing the elevator guide rail 70, and the thrusting part 31 abuts against both the thermally expanding medium and the elevator guide rail 70. An electric heating component 40 is disposed within the sealed structure 30. A piezoelectric energy harvesting component 20 is disposed on the compressive deformation path of the elevator guide rail 70. The piezoelectric energy harvesting component 20 is electrically connected to the energy storage power module 50 and / or the energy storage power module 50. The piezoelectric energy harvesting component 20 generates compressive deformation when the elevator guide rail 70 is subjected to compression deformation and outputs a piezoelectric voltage signal corresponding to the deformation of the elevator guide rail 70. A control unit 60 is electrically connected to the energy storage power module 50, the piezoelectric energy harvesting component 20, and the electric heating component 40. The electric heating component 40 is configured to generate heat after receiving electrical energy from the piezoelectric energy harvesting component 20 and / or the energy storage power module 50, thereby causing the thermal expansion medium to expand and generate an expansion thrust, which acts on the elevator guide rail 70 through the thrust action part 31.

[0035] In some optional embodiments, the piezoelectric energy acquisition component 20 is electrically connected to the piezoelectric energy acquisition component 20 and / or the energy storage power module 50 via a rectifier and filter circuit. The rectifier and filter circuit rectifies the alternating voltage signal output by the piezoelectric energy acquisition component 20 into direct current, and after filtering, splits it into two paths: one path is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion acquisition port of the control unit 60, used as a sensing signal input to characterize the deformation of the elevator guide rail 70; the other path is connected to the energy storage power module 50 or directly to the electric heating component 40, used to directly participate in the base heating using the electrical energy generated by the piezoelectric material itself. The rectifier and filter circuit ensures stable acquisition of the piezoelectric signal and efficient utilization of electrical energy.

[0036] In some optional embodiments, the piezoelectric energy harvesting component 20 includes multiple multilayer piezoelectric ceramic sheet stacks 21, which are connected in parallel and series or in parallel. The multilayer piezoelectric ceramic sheets are mounted on the mounting base 10 and abut against the elevator guide rail 70. The multilayer piezoelectric ceramic sheet stacks 21 have high piezoelectric voltage constants and electromechanical coupling coefficients, enabling them to generate high voltage outputs under compression deformation. Multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheet stacks are combined in parallel and series or in parallel to form the piezoelectric energy harvesting component 20. The matching relationship between the output voltage and current can be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to the energy harvesting and signal detection requirements under different operating conditions. Of course, the piezoelectric energy harvesting component is not limited to being made of multilayer piezoelectric ceramic sheets; it can also be made of suitable materials such as piezoelectric crystals, piezoelectric polymers, and composite piezoelectric materials.

[0037] Please see Figure 3 In some optional embodiments, the sealed structure 30 includes a guide cylinder 33 and a thrust actuation part 31. The guide cylinder 33 is mounted on the mounting base 10, and the thrust actuation part 31 is a piston 34. An O-ring seal can be provided on the outside of the piston 34 to improve the sealing between the piston 34 and the inner wall of the guide cylinder 33. The thrust actuation part 31 is movably connected to the guide cylinder 33 and abuts against the elevator guide rail 70. The thrust actuation part 31 and the guide cylinder 33 surround to form a accommodating cavity 35 for accommodating the thermally expanding medium. The electric heating assembly 40 is disposed within the accommodating cavity 35. The guide cylinder 33 provides precise linear motion guidance for the piston 34. Under the pressure of the thermally expanding medium, the piston 34 slides axially along the guide cylinder 33, converting the expansion pressure into linear mechanical thrust. The piston 34 structure has a larger stroke and higher thrust output capacity, suitable for applications requiring the offsetting of large stroke amplitude impacts. A sealing ring can be provided between the piston 34 and the guide cylinder 33 to ensure the sealing of the accommodating cavity 35.

[0038] Please see Figure 4In some optional embodiments, the sealed structure 30 includes a flexible corrugated diaphragm 32 and a thrusting part 31. The two ends of the flexible corrugated diaphragm 32 are connected to the mounting base 10 and the thrusting part 31, respectively. The flexible corrugated diaphragm 32, the thrusting part 31, and the mounting base 10 surround and form a accommodating cavity 35 for accommodating the thermally expanding medium. The electric heating assembly 40 is disposed within the accommodating cavity 35. The flexible corrugated diaphragm 32 has an accordion-like pleated structure, possessing good axial expansion and contraction capabilities, thereby enabling the expansion and contraction of the accommodating cavity 35. When the thermally expanding medium expands due to heat, the expansion pressure acts on the inner wall of the flexible corrugated diaphragm 32, driving the flexible corrugated diaphragm 32 to extend towards the elevator guide rail 70, thereby driving the thrusting part 31 to generate a linear mechanical thrust, which directly acts on the elevator guide rail 70. The flexible corrugated diaphragm 32 structure has good sealing performance, eliminates the need for sliding seals, and has high reliability.

[0039] The piezoelectric energy harvesting component 20 is positioned on the compressive deformation path of the elevator guide rail 70. When the elevator guide rail 70 undergoes compressive deformation due to the passage of guide shoes, guide rail joint steps, or other excitations, the piezoelectric energy harvesting component 20 (multilayer piezoelectric ceramic sheet stack 21) is subjected to compressive deformation. According to the piezoelectric effect, when a piezoelectric material is subjected to mechanical stress, it generates polarized charges proportional to the magnitude of the stress, forming a voltage output at both ends of the material. The amplitude of this piezoelectric voltage signal is linearly positively correlated with the instantaneous deformation of the guide rail; that is, the greater the deformation of the guide rail, the higher the amplitude of the piezoelectric voltage signal output by the piezoelectric energy harvesting component 20. At the same time, the rising slope of this signal reflects the rate of guide rail deformation; that is, the faster the deformation speed, the steeper the rising edge of the voltage signal.

[0040] The original signal output by the piezoelectric energy acquisition component 20 is an alternating voltage signal, which is first processed by a rectifier and filter circuit. The rectifier and filter circuit rectifies the alternating voltage into a direct current voltage and filters out high-frequency noise interference, making the signal smooth and stable. The specific structure of the rectifier and filter circuit is well-known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here. The rectified and filtered signal is divided into two paths: one path is used as a sensing signal input to the analog-to-digital conversion acquisition port of the control unit 60; the other path is used as electrical energy input to the energy storage power module 50 or directly for basic heating.

[0041] The control unit 60 reads the rectified and filtered piezoelectric voltage signal in real time. The control unit 60 may have a built-in analog-to-digital converter module to convert the analog voltage signal into a digital quantity for analysis and calculation by an internal processor or comparator circuit. The control unit 60 may be a microcomputer, PLC controller, or similar device.

[0042] The energy storage power module 50 can use energy storage batteries, etc.

[0043] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration reduction control method for elevator guide rails, characterized in that, include: The piezoelectric energy acquisition component collects the compressive deformation and deformation rate generated when the elevator guide rail is squeezed and deformed, and outputs a piezoelectric voltage signal that matches the compressive deformation and deformation rate. The current impact intensity of the elevator guide rail is determined based on the piezoelectric voltage signal. When the impact intensity is lower than the first preset threshold, the piezoelectric current generated by the piezoelectric energy harvesting component due to the deformation and compression of the elevator guide rail is output to the electric heating component. The electric heating component heats the heated expansion medium in the sealed structure to make the heated expansion medium expand. The heated expansion medium applies a first expansion thrust to the elevator guide rail through the thrust action part. When the impact intensity is not lower than the first preset threshold, the energy storage power module inputs a driving current to the electric heating component, the electric heating component heats the heated expansion medium to make the heated expansion medium expand, and the heated expansion medium applies a second expansion thrust to the elevator guide rail through the thrust action part, the second expansion thrust being not less than the first expansion thrust.

2. The elevator guide rail piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration reduction control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of outputting the piezoelectric current generated by the deformation and compression of the elevator guide rail to the electric heating component includes: The piezoelectric current generated by the piezoelectric energy harvesting component due to the deformation and compression of the elevator guide rail is output to the electric heating component; The rising slope of the piezoelectric voltage signal is calculated. When the rising slope is not lower than a preset slope threshold, a preheating current is input to the electric heating component through the energy storage power module.

3. The elevator guide rail piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration reduction control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When an interruption in the power supply from the external power supply system to the energy storage power module is detected, the energy storage power module stops inputting the driving current to the electric heating component, while the piezoelectric energy harvesting component continues to input the piezoelectric current to the thermal expansion medium.

4. The elevator guide rail piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration reduction control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the impact intensity is not lower than the second preset threshold and the rising slope of the piezoelectric voltage signal is not lower than the preset slope threshold, the maximum rated current is input to the electric heating component through the energy storage power module. The electric heating component heats the heated expansion medium at the maximum rated power to make the heated expansion medium expand. The heated expansion medium applies a third expansion thrust to the elevator guide rail through the thrust action part. The third expansion thrust is greater than the second expansion thrust.

5. The elevator guide rail piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration reduction control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy storage power module is equipped with a pre-storage capacitor bank. When the impact intensity is lower than the first preset threshold, the piezoelectric current generated by the piezoelectric energy harvesting component due to the deformation and compression of the elevator guide rail is output to the electric heating component and the pre-stored capacitor bank. When the impact intensity is not lower than the second preset threshold and the rising slope of the piezoelectric voltage signal is not lower than the preset slope threshold, the maximum rated current is input to the electric heating component through the pre-stored capacitor bank; Wherein, the second preset threshold is not lower than the first preset threshold.

6. A piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration reduction control method for elevator guide rails according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The step of determining the current impact intensity of the elevator guide rail based on the piezoelectric voltage signal includes: The piezoelectric voltage signal is output to the control unit after passing through the rectifier and filter circuit. The control unit determines the current impact intensity of the elevator guide rail based on the piezoelectric current.

7. A piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration reduction control method for elevator guide rails according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The step of inputting drive current to the electric heating component through the energy storage power module includes: The driving current output to the electric heating component is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time amplitude of the piezoelectric voltage signal. The larger the amplitude of the piezoelectric voltage signal, the larger the driving current output by the control unit.

8. The elevator guide rail piezoelectric thermal expansion vibration reduction control method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The heated expansion medium cavity is one or more of the following: gaseous material, liquid material, solid material, solid-liquid phase change material, or liquid-gas phase change material.

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