A method, system, terminal and storage medium for removing hardness and controlling salt of cooling circulating water

Abstract

The application relates to a hardening and salt removal method and system for cooling circulating water, a terminal and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of industrial water treatment.The application comprises the following steps: sending the cooling circulating water into an electrochemical device for hardening treatment to obtain first treated water; wherein the electrochemical device comprises positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates which are alternately arranged, and flow channels are formed between adjacent positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates; sending the first treated water into an ultrafiltration membrane device for filtration treatment to obtain second treated water; and sending the second treated water into a reverse osmosis membrane device for desalination treatment to obtain product water.The application has the effect of promoting long-term use of the cooling circulating water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of industrial water treatment technology, and in particular to a method, system, terminal and storage medium for hardening and salt control of cooling circulating water. Background Technology

[0002] Cooling circulating water is widely used in various industrial facilities. Its main function is to remove heat generated by equipment, thereby maintaining the equipment within a safe operating temperature range. Currently, in order to increase the concentration ratio and ensure stable system operation, scale prevention treatment is required for cooling circulating water during use.

[0003] The relevant technology employs chemical softening treatment, which typically requires high-density tanks or crystallization granulation fluidized beds. This method utilizes the principle of chemical precipitation, adding alkaline agents such as Na₂CO₃ and NaOH to the water to react with the calcium in the water. 2+ Mg 2+ The reaction produces CaCO3 and Mg(OH)2 precipitates, which are then filtered to reduce the hardness of the water. Afterward, because the produced water is to be reused in the circulating water system, acid needs to be added to adjust the pH to around 8.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the applicant believes that the acid added to adjust the pH will introduce new anions into the system, making it impossible to effectively solve the problem of salt accumulation in the circulating water and affecting the long-term operational stability of the cooling circulating water system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To promote the long-term use of cooling circulating water, this application provides a method, system, terminal, and storage medium for removing hardness and controlling salt in cooling circulating water.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for removing hardness and controlling salt in cooling circulating water, employing the following technical solution: A method for removing hardness and controlling salt in cooling circulating water includes: Cooling circulating water is fed into an electrochemical device for hardness removal to obtain first treated water; wherein, the electrochemical device includes alternating positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates, and flow channels are formed between adjacent positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates; The first treated water is sent into an ultrafiltration membrane device for filtration to obtain the second treated water; The second treated water is sent into a reverse osmosis membrane device for desalination to obtain product water.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, electrochemical hardening removal, ultrafiltration, and reverse osmosis desalination technologies are systematically combined. First, electrochemical reactions remove hardness components from the circulating water; then, ultrafiltration intercepts fine particles; and finally, reverse osmosis achieves efficient desalination. The coordinated operation of these treatment units effectively reduces the risk of scaling and salt accumulation in the cooling circulating water system, improves system stability, and reduces reliance on chemical reagents. It boasts advantages such as a simple process and outstanding hardening and salt control effects.

[0008] Optionally, the electrochemical device includes a main water inlet pipe and an auxiliary water inlet pipe. The inlet of the main water inlet pipe is located on the side wall of the electrochemical device and aligned with the flow channel. The inlet of the auxiliary water inlet pipe is located on the top of the electrochemical device and corresponds one-to-one with the flow channel. The step of sending cooling circulating water into an electrochemical device for hardness removal treatment to obtain first treated water includes: The cooling circulating water is controlled to enter the electrochemical equipment simultaneously through the main inlet pipe and the auxiliary inlet pipe; Obtain the total current value on each negative electrode plate; Predict the scale formation on each negative electrode plate based on the total current value; Based on the scale formation status, calculate the inlet flow rate of the auxiliary inlet pipe corresponding to the flow channel where the negative electrode plate is located, so that the total flow rate of each flow channel is equal. The flow rate of the auxiliary water inlet pipeline is controlled according to the stated water inlet flow rate.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, and by setting up a main inlet water pipeline and an auxiliary inlet water pipeline, and by predicting scale formation based on the total current value of each negative electrode plate, the inlet water flow rate of the auxiliary inlet water pipeline is dynamically adjusted to keep the total flow rate of each channel equal. This method can actively compensate for the differences in channel resistance caused by different degrees of scaling, maintain the uniformity of water flow distribution within the electrochemical equipment, and avoid local channel blockage or flow deviation, thereby ensuring the stability of the hardness removal effect and the long-term efficient operation of the equipment.

[0010] Optionally, the negative electrode plate is composed of n sub-electrode plates connected in parallel; The method further includes: For the first negative electrode plate in the negative electrode plate, obtain the sub-current value of each sub-electrode plate in the first negative electrode plate; Determine whether there is a problematic sub-current value among the sub-current values ​​that is less than a first preset sub-current threshold; If so, then determine the problem sub-electrode plate and the target auxiliary water inlet pipe corresponding to the problem sub-current value, and determine the target flow channel corresponding to the target auxiliary water inlet pipe; Adjust the position of the target auxiliary water inlet pipe within the target flow channel so that the target auxiliary water inlet pipe corresponds to the problem sub-electrode plate; Calculate the flow compensation value based on the sub-current value of the problem; The target flow rate is obtained by summing the flow compensation value and the influent flow rate. Control the operation of the target auxiliary water inlet pipeline according to the target flow rate.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the negative electrode plate is composed of multiple sub-electrode plates connected in parallel, the problematic sub-electrode plate and its flow channel can be accurately identified by monitoring the sub-current value of each sub-electrode plate, and the position and flow rate of the auxiliary inlet pipe can be adjusted accordingly. This method achieves targeted compensation for local abnormal areas of the electrode plate, effectively restoring the flow pattern and processing capacity of the problematic area, preventing local scaling from worsening and affecting the overall hardening removal effect, and further improving the precision and reliability of equipment operation.

[0012] Optionally, the sum of the total current values ​​is calculated to obtain the current statistics of the electrochemical device; If the current statistical value is less than the preset statistical value, the opening of the main water inlet pipe and the auxiliary water inlet pipe will be adjusted to the preset cleaning opening. After a first preset time period, the polarities of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are reversed; The real-time turbidity of the electrochemical device at the water outlet is detected; If the real-time turbidity is less than the preset turbidity, the polarity of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate is restored.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the current statistics value is low, the pipeline opening is automatically adjusted to the cleaning opening, and online cleaning is performed in conjunction with the polarity reversal of the positive and negative electrode plates. The cleaning effect is judged by monitoring the turbidity of the effluent, and the polarity is restored afterward. This online self-cleaning strategy can remove scale from the electrode plates without stopping the machine or disassembling the equipment, effectively restoring the hardness removal performance of the electrochemical equipment, extending the maintenance cycle, ensuring long-term continuous and stable operation of the system, and is simple to operate and highly automated.

[0014] Optionally, the total current value is updated, and the dispersion and mean of the total current value are calculated; If the dispersion is greater than a preset dispersion threshold, then the second negative electrode plate that deviates the most from the mean is determined from the negative electrode plates; Increase the inlet flow rate of the auxiliary water inlet pipe corresponding to the flow channel where the target negative electrode plate is located; After a second preset time period, the current statistics are recalculated.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, after restoring polarity, the dispersion and mean of the total current value are calculated to identify the negative electrode plate with the greatest deviation, and the flow rate of the corresponding auxiliary inlet pipe is increased. This measure can quickly correct the flow uniformity deviation that may occur between the flow channels after the equipment resumes operation, specifically improve the uneven current distribution, promote balanced load in each electrode plate area, prevent secondary scaling caused by local flow deviation, and further improve the uniformity of the electrochemical hardening process.

[0016] Optionally, the product water can be divided into reflux concentrate and direct flow concentrate; The reflux concentrate is returned to the inlet side of the ultrafiltration membrane device or the inlet side of the electrochemical device; Detect the transmembrane pressure difference of the ultrafiltration membrane device; When the transmembrane pressure difference reaches the preset pressure difference threshold, the first treated water is stopped from being fed into the ultrafiltration membrane device, and the direct current concentrate is reversed and fed into the inlet of the ultrafiltration membrane device to obtain reverse discharge wastewater. The reverse discharge wastewater is sent into the electrochemical equipment for hardness removal treatment.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the produced water is divided into reflux concentrate and direct-flow concentrate. The reflux concentrate is used to improve the influent recovery rate of the front-end equipment. Simultaneously, the transmembrane pressure difference of the ultrafiltration membrane is monitored. When the pressure difference threshold is reached, the direct-flow concentrate is used for backwashing, and the backwash wastewater is sent back to the electrochemical equipment for treatment. This solution achieves cascaded utilization of concentrate and online backwashing of the ultrafiltration membrane, effectively mitigating membrane fouling and restoring membrane flux, while avoiding the direct discharge of backwash wastewater, thus improving the overall water resource utilization efficiency of the system.

[0018] Optionally, the turbidity and hardness of the direct current concentrate can be detected; When the turbidity exceeds a preset turbidity threshold or the hardness exceeds a preset hardness threshold, the direct current concentrate is sent into the electrochemical equipment for purification treatment to obtain purified concentrate. The purified concentrate is used as backwash water and sent into the ultrafiltration membrane device. During the backwashing process of the ultrafiltration membrane device, the water quality of the liquid discharged from the outlet of the ultrafiltration membrane device is monitored. When the water quality reaches the preset reuse standard, the first treated water and the purified concentrate are controlled to be sent into the ultrafiltration membrane device synchronously according to the preset ratio. The proportion of the purified concentrate is gradually reduced over time.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the turbidity and hardness of the concentrate are tested before backwashing. If the water quality is poor, the concentrate is sent to an electrochemical purification device for further purification. The purified concentrate is then used as backwash water, and the water quality of the discharged liquid is monitored during the backwashing process. Once the water quality meets the reuse standard, the first-treatment water and the purified concentrate are fed into the ultrafiltration membrane in a controlled ratio, and the proportion of purified concentrate is gradually reduced. This method ensures the cleanliness of the backwash water, avoids secondary pollution to the ultrafiltration membrane, and achieves a smooth transition from backwashing to normal filtration, ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the membrane system.

[0020] Secondly, this application provides a hardness removal and salt control system for cooling circulating water, employing the following technical solution: A hardness removal and salt control system for cooling circulating water, comprising: An electrochemical treatment module is used to feed cooling circulating water into an electrochemical device for hardness removal treatment to obtain first treated water; wherein, the electrochemical device includes alternating positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates, and a flow channel is formed between adjacent positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates; The ultrafiltration module is used to send the first treated water into an ultrafiltration membrane device for filtration to obtain the second treated water; The reverse osmosis module is used to send the second treated water into the reverse osmosis membrane equipment for desalination treatment to obtain product water.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, electrochemical hardening removal, ultrafiltration, and reverse osmosis desalination technologies are systematically combined. First, electrochemical reactions remove hardness components from the circulating water; then, ultrafiltration intercepts fine particles; and finally, reverse osmosis achieves efficient desalination. The coordinated operation of these treatment units effectively reduces the risk of scaling and salt accumulation in the cooling circulating water system, improves system stability, and reduces reliance on chemical reagents. It boasts advantages such as a simple process and outstanding hardening and salt control effects.

[0022] Thirdly, this application provides a smart terminal, which adopts the following technical solution: A smart terminal includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be loaded by the processor and executed as described in any of the above methods.

[0023] Fourthly, this application provides a computer storage medium capable of storing corresponding programs, which facilitates the long-term use of cooling circulating water, and adopts the following technical solution: A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that can be loaded by a processor and executed any of the above-described methods for hardening and salt control of cooling circulating water.

[0024] This system combines electrochemical hardening, ultrafiltration, and reverse osmosis desalination technologies in an orderly manner. First, electrochemical reactions remove hardness components from the circulating water. Then, ultrafiltration intercepts fine particles, and finally, reverse osmosis achieves efficient desalination. The coordinated operation of these treatment units effectively reduces the risk of scaling and salt accumulation in the cooling water circulating system, improves system stability, and reduces reliance on chemical agents. It boasts advantages such as a simple process and outstanding hardening and salt control effects. By setting up main and auxiliary water inlet pipes and predicting scale formation based on the total current value of each negative electrode plate, the inlet flow rate of the auxiliary water inlet pipe is dynamically adjusted to keep the total flow rate of each channel equal. This method can actively compensate for differences in channel resistance caused by different degrees of scaling, maintain the uniformity of water flow distribution within the electrochemical equipment, and avoid local channel blockage or flow deviation, thereby ensuring the stability of the hardness removal effect and the long-term efficient operation of the equipment. The permeate is divided into recirculation concentrate and direct flow concentrate. The recirculation concentrate is used to improve the influent recovery rate of the front-end equipment. Simultaneously, the transmembrane pressure difference of the ultrafiltration membrane is monitored. When the pressure difference threshold is reached, the direct flow concentrate is used for backwashing, and the backwash wastewater is sent back to the electrochemical equipment for treatment. This scheme achieves cascaded utilization of concentrate and online backwashing of the ultrafiltration membrane, effectively mitigating membrane fouling and restoring membrane flux, while avoiding the direct discharge of backwash wastewater, thus improving the overall water resource utilization efficiency of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for removing hardness and controlling salt in cooling circulating water disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a cooling circulating water hardening and salt control device disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of an electrochemical device inlet flow control method disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a second method for controlling the inlet flow of an electrochemical device disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart of a descaling method using an electrochemical device disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic flowchart of a cleaning and testing method for electrochemical equipment disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart of a cooling circulating water recirculation treatment method disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart of a second method for treating the reflux of cooling circulating water disclosed in an embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a cooling circulating water hardening and salt control system disclosed in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this application clearer, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figures 1 to 9 The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.

[0035] This application discloses a method for removing hardness and controlling salt in cooling circulating water. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The method includes: Step S101: Cooling circulating water is sent into an electrochemical device for hardness removal treatment to obtain first treated water; wherein, the electrochemical device includes alternating positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates, and flow channels are formed between adjacent positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates.

[0036] Cooling circulating water is water that circulates in industrial cooling systems for cooling purposes. During operation, the circulating water can become concentrated due to evaporation, leading to an increase in the concentration of hardness ions and salts. When the cooling circulating water is heated in the heat exchanger, calcium and magnesium ions in the water combine with bicarbonate and sulfate ions to precipitate and form dense, hard scale such as calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate. This scale adheres firmly to the heat exchanger tube walls, affecting the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger. In severe cases, it can cause the pipes to be blocked by scale, requiring shutdown for mechanical or chemical cleaning. Moreover, the rough surface of the scale provides an ideal place for microorganisms (bacteria, algae) to attach and reproduce, forming more difficult-to-remove complex fouling, further deteriorating heat transfer and aggravating corrosion problems.

[0037] Furthermore, the electrochemical equipment electrolyzes the cooling circulating water, with the anode reaction shown below: 1, 2Cl - →Cl2↑ (chlorine) + 2e - ; 2. OH - -e - →OH (hydroxyl radical); 3. 2H₂O₂ → H₂O₂ (hydrogen peroxide) + 2H₂O + ; 4, 4OH - →O2 + 2H2O + 4e - ; 5. O2 + 2OH - -2e- →O3↑ (ozone) + H2O; 6. Cl - -e - →Cl. (chlorine free radical); 7. H2O-2e - →O (oxygen free radical) + 2H + ; As can be seen from the anodic reaction, a large amount of H2O is formed at the anode of the electrochemical device. + This makes the liquid near the anode highly acidic, and the highly acidic environment has a bactericidal and algae-killing effect; in addition, the chlorine, hydrogen peroxide and ozone generated at the anode also have a bactericidal and algae-killing effect.

[0038] On the other hand, the cathode reaction of the electrochemical device is shown below: hydroxide ion, hydrogen gas: 2H2O + 2e - →2OH - +H2↑; carbonate ion: CO2 + 2OH- - →HCO3 - ; 2HCO3 - +2OH - →CO3 2- +H2O; Calcium ions: Mg 2+ +2OH - →Mg(OH)₂↓; Magnesium ions: Ca 2+ +CO3 2- →CaCO3↓; As can be seen from the cathode reaction, a large amount of H2O is formed at the cathode of the electrochemical device. + This makes the liquid near the cathode highly alkaline, and the highly alkaline environment also has the effect of sterilization and algae removal; while the calcium and magnesium ions in the cooling circulating water will form calcium carbonate precipitate and magnesium hydroxide precipitate, thereby removing the calcium and magnesium ions from the cooling circulating water.

[0039] For example, please refer to Figure 2 The electrochemical device 1 has positive electrode plates 11 and negative electrode plates 12 arranged alternately. When the cooling circulating water flows in the electrochemical device 1, its flow direction is parallel to both the positive electrode plates 11 and the negative electrode plates 12.

[0040] Step S102: The first treated water is sent into an ultrafiltration membrane device for filtration to obtain the second treated water.

[0041] Ultrafiltration membrane equipment uses an ultrafiltration membrane as its core filtration element to separate suspended solids, colloids, and large organic molecules in water. After the cooling circulating water passes through the electrochemical equipment, calcium and magnesium ions precipitate out, resulting in a large number of tiny solid particles in the first-treated water. The ultrafiltration membrane equipment can separate these tiny solid particles from the liquid, thus obtaining second-treated water with significantly reduced turbidity and suspended solids content.

[0042] For example, please refer to Figure 2 Inside the ultrafiltration membrane device 2, the first treated water passes through the ultrafiltration membrane 21 to remove solid particles and obtain the second treated water.

[0043] Step S103: The second treated water is sent into the reverse osmosis membrane equipment for desalination to obtain product water.

[0044] Reverse osmosis membrane equipment is a device that uses the selective permeability of reverse osmosis membranes to separate dissolved salts in water under pressure. Desalination is a process that removes most of the inorganic salt ions from water through reverse osmosis membranes.

[0045] After the cooling circulating water passes through the electrochemical equipment and ultrafiltration membrane equipment to form the second treated water, a certain amount of dissolved salts are still not removed in the second treated water. Therefore, the reverse osmosis equipment is used to separate the water from the dissolved salts to further reduce the salt content.

[0046] For example, please refer to Figure 2 Inside the reverse osmosis device 2, under the action of external pressure, water molecules in the second treated water will pass through the reverse osmosis membrane 31, while ions of dissolved salts cannot pass through the reverse osmosis membrane 31, thereby achieving the removal of inorganic salt ions.

[0047] By adopting the above technical solution, electrochemical hardening removal, ultrafiltration, and reverse osmosis desalination technologies are systematically combined. First, electrochemical reactions remove hardness components from the circulating water; then, ultrafiltration intercepts fine particles; and finally, reverse osmosis achieves efficient desalination. The coordinated operation of these treatment units effectively reduces the risk of scaling and salt accumulation in the cooling circulating water system, improves system stability, and reduces reliance on chemical reagents. It boasts advantages such as a simple process and outstanding hardening and salt control effects.

[0048] In the following embodiments, the electrochemical device adopts a dual-supply mode. The electrochemical device includes a main inlet pipe and an auxiliary inlet pipe. The inlet of the main inlet pipe is located on the side wall of the electrochemical device and aligned with the flow channel. The inlet of the auxiliary inlet pipe is located on the top of the electrochemical device, and the inlet of the auxiliary inlet pipe corresponds one-to-one with the flow channel. Relying solely on the main inlet pipe on the side wall for water intake, the water flow may be unevenly distributed when flowing into each flow channel due to differences in inlet position and flow channel resistance. By adding a top auxiliary inlet pipe, an independent and precisely controllable water supply is provided to each flow channel to achieve uniform water distribution in the flow channel. Therefore, this application discloses a method for controlling the water inlet flow of an electrochemical device. (Refer to...) Figure 3 The method includes: Step S301: Control the cooling circulating water to enter the electrochemical equipment simultaneously through the main inlet pipe and the auxiliary inlet pipe.

[0049] Optionally, the main water inlet pipeline is connected to a main water supply pump, and each auxiliary water inlet pipeline is equipped with an adjustable flow control valve. By adjusting the main water supply pump and the control valve, the water inlet flow of the main water inlet pipeline and the auxiliary water inlet pipeline can be controlled respectively.

[0050] Step S302: Obtain the total current value on each negative electrode plate.

[0051] For example, a current sensor is connected in series on each negative electrode plate, and the total current value on the negative electrode plate can be obtained through the current sensor.

[0052] Step S303: Predict the scale formation on each negative electrode plate based on the total current value.

[0053] Scale formation refers to the average thickness of sparingly soluble salt deposits such as calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide on the surface of the negative electrode plate.

[0054] Assuming a constant voltage on the negative electrode plate, the total current is negatively correlated with the total resistance. The total resistance equals the sum of the solution resistance and the scale resistance on the cathode surface. The solution resistance can be considered constant, while the scale resistance on the cathode surface is positively correlated with the average thickness of the scale. Therefore, the average thickness of the scale can be estimated using the total current value. Consequently, in some implementations, the correspondence between the total current value and scale formation is pre-stored in a database for real-time retrieval.

[0055] Step S304: Based on the scale formation status, calculate the inlet flow rate of the auxiliary inlet pipe corresponding to the flow channel where the negative electrode plate is located, so that the total flow rate of each flow channel is equal.

[0056] For flow channels with severe scaling, their effective cross-sectional area decreases, and water flow resistance increases. Without intervention, the flow rate will naturally decrease. Therefore, this step compensates for the increased resistance by increasing the flow rate of the auxiliary inlet pipes, ensuring that all parallel flow channels receive the same total flow rate. For example, a preset flow distribution model is trained; the model input is the total current value of each negative electrode plate, and the output is the target flow rate setting value for each auxiliary inlet pipe, with the goal of maintaining a consistent total water volume in both the main and auxiliary channels within each flow channel.

[0057] Step S305: Control the flow rate of the auxiliary water inlet pipe according to the water inlet flow rate.

[0058] By adopting the above technical solution, and by setting up a main inlet water pipeline and an auxiliary inlet water pipeline, and by predicting scale formation based on the total current value of each negative electrode plate, the inlet water flow rate of the auxiliary inlet water pipeline is dynamically adjusted to keep the total flow rate of each channel equal. This method can actively compensate for the differences in channel resistance caused by different degrees of scaling, maintain the uniformity of water flow distribution within the electrochemical equipment, and avoid local channel blockage or flow deviation, thereby ensuring the stability of the hardness removal effect and the long-term efficient operation of the equipment.

[0059] In real-world scenarios, different areas of the same electrode plate may exhibit varying degrees of scaling. To identify these structural differences, the negative electrode plate is composed of n sub-electrode plates connected in parallel, where n is an integer greater than 1. The independent current of each sub-electrode plate is obtained, enabling the system to detect localized severe scaling problems that may be masked by averaging in the total current value and only appear on a few sub-electrode plates. Therefore, this application discloses a second method for controlling the inlet flow rate of an electrochemical device. (Refer to...) Figure 4 The method includes: Step S401: For the first negative electrode plate in the negative electrode plate, obtain the sub-current value of each sub-electrode plate in the first negative electrode plate.

[0060] The sub-current value is the current flowing through a single sub-electrode plate. Optionally, a sub-electrode plate is a series of small, electrically independent electrode units connected in parallel to form a complete negative electrode plate. The first negative electrode plate is any negative electrode plate in the electrochemical device.

[0061] For example, on a cathode plate consisting of 10 parallel titanium strips, a current sensor is installed on the power line of each titanium strip. The current on each titanium strip, i.e., the sub-current value, can be determined by the aforementioned current sensor.

[0062] Step S402: Determine whether there is a problematic sub-current value among the sub-current values ​​that is less than the first preset sub-current threshold.

[0063] The first preset sub-current threshold is a preset empirical value, which is used to determine the lower limit of the current for whether there is scale buildup on the sub-current plate. The problematic sub-current value refers to the sub-current value that is lower than the first preset sub-current threshold.

[0064] Step S403: If yes, then determine the problem sub-electrode plate corresponding to the problem sub-current value and the target auxiliary water inlet pipe, and determine the target flow channel corresponding to the target auxiliary water inlet pipe.

[0065] The problem sub-electrode plate is the physical sub-electrode plate that generates the problem sub-current value.

[0066] The target auxiliary water inlet pipeline is the auxiliary water inlet pipeline corresponding to the target flow channel where the problem sub-electrode plate is located.

[0067] The target flow channel is the flow channel that contains the problem sub-electrode plate.

[0068] Step S404: Adjust the position of the target auxiliary water inlet pipe in the target flow channel so that the target auxiliary water inlet pipe corresponds to the problem sub-electrode plate.

[0069] For example, the auxiliary water inlet pipe is installed on a linear guide rail. By driving the stepper motor on the water inlet of the auxiliary water inlet pipe, the water inlet can be moved a certain distance, so that the water outlet direction changes from being aligned with the surface of the No. 1 sub-electrode plate to being aligned with the surface of the No. 2 sub-electrode plate.

[0070] Step S405: Calculate the flow compensation value based on the sub-current value of the problem.

[0071] The magnitude of the subcurrent value directly reflects the severity of local scale buildup and the amount of resistance that needs to be overcome. Calculating the compensation amount based on this ensures that the compensation level matches the severity of the problem, which is sufficient to remove scale without causing excessive waste of water resources.

[0072] For example, a function model is pre-set; taking the degree to which the current value deviates from the normal value as input, the required flow compensation value is directly calculated. The greater the current deviation, the larger the calculated compensation value.

[0073] Step S406: Calculate the sum of the flow compensation value and the influent flow rate to obtain the target flow rate.

[0074] Step S407: Control the operation of the target auxiliary water inlet pipeline according to the target flow rate.

[0075] For example, the target flow rate value is converted into a corresponding valve opening signal, and the valve opening signal is sent to the flow regulating valve on the target auxiliary water inlet pipeline, so that the flow regulating valve can adjust and stabilize at the target flow rate in real time.

[0076] By adopting the above technical solution, when the negative electrode plate is composed of multiple sub-electrode plates connected in parallel, the problematic sub-electrode plate and its flow channel can be accurately identified by monitoring the sub-current value of each sub-electrode plate, and the position and flow rate of the auxiliary inlet pipe can be adjusted accordingly. This method achieves targeted compensation for local abnormal areas of the electrode plate, effectively restoring the flow pattern and processing capacity of the problematic area, preventing local scaling from worsening and affecting the overall hardening removal effect, and further improving the precision and reliability of equipment operation.

[0077] This application discloses a method for descaling using an electrochemical device. (Refer to...) Figure 5 The method includes: Step S501: Calculate the sum of the total current values ​​to obtain the current statistics of the electrochemical device.

[0078] For example, the total current of all negative electrode plates is summed to obtain the current statistics of the electrochemical device.

[0079] Step S502: If the current statistics value is less than the preset statistics value, adjust the opening of the main water inlet pipe and the auxiliary water inlet pipe to the preset cleaning opening.

[0080] The preset statistical value is a pre-set empirical value. When the current statistical value is less than the preset statistical value, it indicates that a thick layer of scale has formed on the surface of the negative electrode plate, which needs to be cleaned in time.

[0081] The preset cleaning opening is the valve opening that is set in advance, for example, the preset cleaning opening is 85%.

[0082] When it is confirmed that the electrochemical equipment has severe scaling, the physical conditions for strong hydraulic flushing are proactively created. The valve opening is uniformly adjusted to a high position to maximize the instantaneous water flow and velocity through each flow channel. This prepares the ground for the next step of reversing electrode polarity to remove a large amount of scale, which is then immediately flushed away by the high-speed water flow, ensuring that the scale removed can be effectively discharged.

[0083] Step S503: After the first preset time has elapsed, the polarities of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are reversed.

[0084] The first preset duration is a preset empirical value, and technicians can adjust the specific value of the first preset duration according to actual needs.

[0085] Reversing polarity is achieved by switching circuits to change the original positive electrode plate to the negative electrode plate and vice versa.

[0086] Step S504: Detect the real-time turbidity of the electrochemical device at the water outlet.

[0087] Real-time turbidity is an optical indicator that reflects the content of insoluble suspended particulate matter in a liquid, measured at the current moment. For example, a turbidity meter is installed at the outlet of an electrochemical device; real-time turbidity can be obtained through the turbidity meter.

[0088] Step S505: If the real-time turbidity is less than the preset turbidity, restore the polarity of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate.

[0089] The preset turbidity is a preset empirical value. When the real-time turbidity is less than the preset turbidity, it means that the scale on the electrode plate surface has been basically cleaned and the water has returned to clarity.

[0090] By adopting the above technical solution, when the current statistics are low, the pipeline opening is automatically adjusted to the cleaning opening, and online cleaning is performed in conjunction with the polarity reversal of the positive and negative electrode plates. The cleaning effect is judged by monitoring the turbidity of the effluent, and the polarity is restored afterward. This online self-cleaning strategy can remove scale from the electrode plates without stopping the machine or disassembling the equipment, effectively restoring the hardness removal performance of the electrochemical equipment, extending the maintenance cycle, ensuring long-term continuous and stable operation of the system, and is simple to operate and highly automated.

[0091] This application discloses a cleaning and testing method for electrochemical equipment. (Refer to...) Figure 6 The method includes: Step S601: Update the total current value and calculate the dispersion and mean of the total current value.

[0092] Dispersion is a measure used to describe how much data deviates from its central value.

[0093] Step S602: If the dispersion is greater than the preset dispersion threshold, then determine the second negative electrode plate with the largest deviation from the mean from the negative electrode plates.

[0094] The preset dispersion threshold is a pre-defined, acceptable maximum dispersion value. Exceeding this value indicates a significant imbalance between the electrode plates. The second negative electrode plate is one where the current value remains severely low after cleaning, indicating current sharing issues. In real-world scenarios, imbalance after mean regression is a common phenomenon. By determining whether an overall imbalance exists through dispersion and then identifying the most severe deviation by comparing the degree of deviation, valuable subsequent regulatory resources can be accurately concentrated on where they are most needed.

[0095] Step S603: Increase the inlet flow rate of the auxiliary water inlet pipe corresponding to the flow channel where the target negative electrode plate is located.

[0096] For example, an auxiliary water inlet pipe corresponding to the flow channel where the target negative electrode plate is located is determined; the flow regulating valve of the auxiliary water inlet pipe is increased according to a preset ratio to increase the water inlet flow.

[0097] Step S604: After the second preset time period, recalculate the current statistics.

[0098] The second preset duration is a preset empirical value, which is used to verify whether the above corrective measures are effective.

[0099] By adopting the above technical solution, after restoring polarity, the dispersion and mean of the total current value are calculated to identify the negative electrode plate with the greatest deviation, and the flow rate of the corresponding auxiliary inlet pipe is increased. This measure can quickly correct the flow uniformity deviation that may occur between the flow channels after the equipment resumes operation, specifically improve the uneven current distribution, promote balanced load in each electrode plate area, prevent secondary scaling caused by local flow deviation, and further improve the uniformity of the electrochemical hardening process.

[0100] This application discloses a method for treating the recirculation of cooling circulating water. (Refer to...) Figure 7 The method includes: Step S701: Divide the permeate into reflux concentrate and direct flow concentrate.

[0101] Return concentrate is the portion of concentrate that is separated from reverse osmosis concentrate and returned to the front-end treatment unit.

[0102] Direct-flow concentrate is the portion of concentrate that is separated from reverse osmosis concentrate and is intended for direct discharge or specific purposes such as flushing.

[0103] For example, a three-way valve is installed at the outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane equipment; by adjusting the opening of the three-way valve, the permeate water is diverted to the return pipeline to become the return concentrate; the remaining concentrate is diverted to the direct flow pipeline to become the direct flow concentrate.

[0104] Step S702: Return the reflux concentrate to the inlet side of the ultrafiltration membrane device or the inlet side of the electrochemical device.

[0105] Step S703: Detect the transmembrane pressure difference of the ultrafiltration membrane device.

[0106] Transmembrane pressure difference is the pressure difference between the feed water side and the product water side of an ultrafiltration membrane. It is used to indicate the operating resistance and fouling degree of the ultrafiltration membrane.

[0107] Optionally, a pressure sensor can be installed at both the inlet and outlet of the ultrafiltration membrane device; the pressure values ​​of the two sensors can be read, and the difference between them can be calculated to obtain the transmembrane pressure difference.

[0108] Step S704: When the transmembrane pressure difference reaches the preset pressure difference threshold, stop sending the first treated water into the ultrafiltration membrane device, and reverse the flow of direct current concentrate into the inlet of the ultrafiltration membrane device to obtain reverse discharge wastewater.

[0109] The preset differential pressure threshold is a preset empirical value. When the transmembrane differential pressure reaches the preset differential pressure threshold, it indicates that there are a lot of debris on the surface of the ultrafiltration membrane, and it needs to be cleaned.

[0110] When the direct current concentrate is reversed and introduced into the inlet of the ultrafiltration membrane equipment, the direct current concentrate is reversed from the product water outlet and pushed into the membrane module. The flushed wastewater is discharged from the inlet, which is called reverse discharge wastewater.

[0111] Step S705: Send the reverse discharge wastewater into an electrochemical device for hardness removal treatment.

[0112] By adopting the above technical solution, the produced water is divided into reflux concentrate and direct-flow concentrate. The reflux concentrate is used to improve the influent recovery rate of the front-end equipment. Simultaneously, the transmembrane pressure difference of the ultrafiltration membrane is monitored. When the pressure difference threshold is reached, the direct-flow concentrate is used for backwashing, and the backwash wastewater is sent back to the electrochemical equipment for treatment. This solution achieves cascade utilization of concentrate and online backwashing of the ultrafiltration membrane, effectively mitigating membrane fouling and restoring membrane flux, while avoiding the direct discharge of backwash wastewater, thus improving the overall water resource utilization efficiency of the system.

[0113] This application discloses a second method for treating the recirculation of cooling circulating water. (Refer to...) Figure 8 The method includes: Step S801: Detect the turbidity and hardness of the direct current concentrate.

[0114] Turbidity is the degree to which suspended matter in water obstructs the transmission of light, and it is an indicator of whether water is clear or not.

[0115] Hardness is the total concentration of calcium and magnesium ions in water and is a key indicator for measuring the tendency of water to form scale.

[0116] For example, an online turbidity meter and an online hardness analyzer are installed in the container or pipeline storing the test concentrate; the turbidity and hardness are obtained by reading the measurement values ​​of the two instruments.

[0117] Step S802: When the turbidity exceeds the preset turbidity threshold or the hardness exceeds the preset hardness threshold, the direct current concentrate is sent into the electrochemical equipment for purification treatment to obtain purified concentrate.

[0118] The preset turbidity threshold is the upper limit of turbidity allowed for use as backwash water, and the preset hardness threshold is the upper limit of hardness allowed for use as backwash water. Both thresholds can be adjusted by technicians according to the actual situation.

[0119] When the turbidity exceeds the preset turbidity threshold or the hardness exceeds the preset hardness threshold, it indicates that the direct current concentrate itself is relatively turbid, which is not conducive to backwashing.

[0120] Step S803: The purified concentrate is sent into the ultrafiltration membrane equipment as backwash water.

[0121] Step S804: During the backwashing process of the ultrafiltration membrane equipment, monitor the water quality of the liquid discharged from the outlet of the ultrafiltration membrane equipment.

[0122] Water quality is a comprehensive indicator used to measure the cleanliness of water bodies. Optional indicators include turbidity, particle count, etc.

[0123] Step S805: When the water quality reaches the preset reuse standard, control the first treated water and the purified concentrate to be sent into the ultrafiltration membrane equipment in a preset ratio.

[0124] The preset ratio is the initial mixing volume ratio of the first treated water to the purified concentrate. The specific value can be set by the technicians according to actual needs.

[0125] Step S806: Gradually reduce the proportion of purified concentrate over time.

[0126] In this step, the volume percentage of purified concentrate in the mixed feed water is gradually reduced until it is completely stopped. By reducing the proportion of purified concentrate, a buffer period is given to the ultrafiltration membrane to adapt to the production load, maximizing the protection of membrane performance. By slowly reducing the dilution ratio, the contaminant load on the membrane surface increases gradually, resulting in an open and highly porosity filter cake structure, which is beneficial for maintaining high flux and extending filtration cycles.

[0127] By adopting the above technical solution, the turbidity and hardness of the concentrate are tested before backwashing. If the water quality is poor, the concentrate is sent to an electrochemical purification device for further purification. The purified concentrate is then used as backwash water, and the water quality of the discharged liquid is monitored during the backwashing process. Once the water quality meets the reuse standard, the first-treatment water and the purified concentrate are fed into the ultrafiltration membrane in a controlled ratio, and the proportion of purified concentrate is gradually reduced. This method ensures the cleanliness of the backwash water, avoids secondary pollution to the ultrafiltration membrane, and achieves a smooth transition from backwashing to normal filtration, ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the membrane system.

[0128] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention provide a hardness removal and salt control system for cooling circulating water. Please refer to... Figure 9 ,include: The electrochemical treatment module 901 is used to send cooling circulating water into the electrochemical equipment for hardness removal treatment to obtain the first treated water; wherein, the electrochemical equipment includes alternating positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates, and a flow channel is formed between adjacent positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates; Ultrafiltration module 902 is used to send the first treated water into an ultrafiltration membrane device for filtration treatment to obtain the second treated water; The reverse osmosis module 903 is used to send the second treated water into the reverse osmosis membrane equipment for desalination treatment to obtain product water.

[0129] By adopting the above technical solution, electrochemical hardening removal, ultrafiltration, and reverse osmosis desalination technologies are systematically combined. First, electrochemical reactions remove hardness components from the circulating water; then, ultrafiltration intercepts fine particles; and finally, reverse osmosis achieves efficient desalination. The coordinated operation of these treatment units effectively reduces the risk of scaling and salt accumulation in the cooling circulating water system, improves system stability, and reduces reliance on chemical reagents. It boasts advantages such as a simple process and outstanding hardening and salt control effects.

[0130] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The specific working process of the system, device, and unit described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0131] This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that can be loaded by a processor and executed as a method for hardness removal and salt control of cooling circulating water.

[0132] Computer storage media include, for example, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, optical disks, and other media that can store program code.

[0133] Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention provide a smart terminal, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be loaded by the processor and executed as a method for removing hardness and controlling salt in cooling circulating water.

[0134] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The specific working process of the system, device, and unit described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0135] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any feature disclosed in this specification (including the abstract and drawings) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is only one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

Claims

1. A method for removing hardness and controlling salt in cooling circulating water, characterized in that, include: Cooling circulating water is fed into an electrochemical device for hardness removal to obtain first treated water; wherein, the electrochemical device includes alternating positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates, and flow channels are formed between adjacent positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates; The first treated water is sent into an ultrafiltration membrane device for filtration to obtain the second treated water; The second treated water is sent into a reverse osmosis membrane device for desalination to obtain product water.

2. The method for removing hardness and controlling salt in cooling circulating water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrochemical device includes a main water inlet pipe and an auxiliary water inlet pipe. The inlet of the main water inlet pipe is located on the side wall of the electrochemical device and aligned with the flow channel. The inlet of the auxiliary water inlet pipe is located on the top of the electrochemical device and corresponds one-to-one with the flow channel. The step of sending cooling circulating water into an electrochemical device for hardness removal treatment to obtain first treated water includes: The cooling circulating water is controlled to enter the electrochemical equipment simultaneously through the main inlet pipe and the auxiliary inlet pipe; Obtain the total current value on each negative electrode plate; Predict the scale formation on each negative electrode plate based on the total current value; Based on the scale formation status, calculate the inlet flow rate of the auxiliary inlet pipe corresponding to the flow channel where the negative electrode plate is located, so that the total flow rate of each flow channel is equal. The flow rate of the auxiliary water inlet pipeline is controlled according to the stated water inlet flow rate.

3. The method for removing hardness and controlling salt in cooling circulating water according to claim 2, characterized in that, The negative electrode plate is composed of n sub-electrode plates connected in parallel; The method further includes: For the first negative electrode plate in the negative electrode plate, obtain the sub-current value of each sub-electrode plate in the first negative electrode plate; Determine whether there is a problematic sub-current value among the sub-current values ​​that is less than a first preset sub-current threshold; If so, then determine the problem sub-electrode plate and target auxiliary water inlet pipe corresponding to the problem sub-current value, and determine the target flow channel corresponding to the target auxiliary water inlet pipe; Adjust the position of the target auxiliary water inlet pipe within the target flow channel so that the target auxiliary water inlet pipe corresponds to the problem sub-electrode plate; Calculate the flow compensation value based on the sub-current value of the problem; The target flow rate is obtained by summing the flow compensation value and the influent flow rate. Control the operation of the target auxiliary water inlet pipeline according to the target flow rate.

4. The method for removing hardness and controlling salt in cooling circulating water according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: Calculate the sum of the total current values ​​to obtain the current statistics of the electrochemical device; If the current statistics value is less than the preset statistics value, the opening of the main water inlet pipe and the auxiliary water inlet pipe will be adjusted to the preset cleaning opening. After a first preset time period, the polarities of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are reversed; The real-time turbidity of the electrochemical device at the water outlet is detected; If the real-time turbidity is less than the preset turbidity, the polarity of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate is restored.

5. The method for removing hardness and controlling salt in cooling circulating water according to claim 4, characterized in that, After restoring the polarity of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, the method further includes: Update the total current value, and calculate the dispersion and mean of the total current value; If the dispersion is greater than a preset dispersion threshold, then the second negative electrode plate that deviates the most from the mean is determined from the negative electrode plates; Increase the inlet flow rate of the auxiliary water inlet pipe corresponding to the flow channel where the target negative electrode plate is located; After a second preset time period, the current statistics are recalculated.

6. The method for removing hardness and controlling salt in cooling circulating water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The product water is divided into reflux concentrate and direct flow concentrate; The reflux concentrate is returned to the inlet side of the ultrafiltration membrane device or the inlet side of the electrochemical device; Detect the transmembrane pressure difference of the ultrafiltration membrane device; When the transmembrane pressure difference reaches the preset pressure difference threshold, the first treated water is stopped from being fed into the ultrafiltration membrane device, and the direct current concentrate is reversed and fed into the inlet of the ultrafiltration membrane device to obtain reverse discharge wastewater. The reverse discharge wastewater is sent into the electrochemical equipment for hardness removal treatment.

7. The method for removing hardness and controlling salt in cooling circulating water according to claim 6, characterized in that, Before the process of reversing the flow of the direct current concentrate into the inlet of the ultrafiltration membrane device to obtain reverse discharge wastewater, the method further includes: The turbidity and hardness of the direct current concentrate were measured. When the turbidity exceeds a preset turbidity threshold or the hardness exceeds a preset hardness threshold, the direct current concentrate is sent into the electrochemical equipment for purification treatment to obtain purified concentrate. The purified concentrate is used as backwash water and sent into the ultrafiltration membrane device. During the backwashing process of the ultrafiltration membrane device, the water quality of the liquid discharged from the outlet of the ultrafiltration membrane device is monitored. When the water quality reaches the preset reuse standard, the first treated water and the purified concentrate are controlled to be sent into the ultrafiltration membrane device synchronously according to the preset ratio. The proportion of the purified concentrate is gradually reduced over time.

8. A hardness removal and salt control system for cooling circulating water, characterized in that, The system is used to perform a method for removing hardness and controlling salt in cooling circulating water as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: An electrochemical treatment module is used to feed cooling circulating water into an electrochemical device for hardness removal treatment to obtain first treated water; wherein, the electrochemical device includes alternating positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates, and a flow channel is formed between adjacent positive electrode plates and negative electrode plates; The ultrafiltration module is used to send the first treated water into an ultrafiltration membrane device for filtration to obtain the second treated water; The reverse osmosis module is used to send the second treated water into the reverse osmosis membrane equipment for desalination treatment to obtain product water.

9. A smart terminal, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be loaded by the processor and executed as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer program is stored that can be loaded by a processor and executed as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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