A sewage electrolysis treatment device and process for electroplating industry

Abstract

The present application relates to industrial wastewater treatment technical field, especially to the sewage electrolysis treatment device for electroplating industry, including front end pretreatment unit, electrolytic cell setting in front end pretreatment unit end and integrated electrolytic unit setting in electrolytic cell inside, integrated electrolytic unit includes primary micro electrolysis breakage zone, secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone and tertiary in situ solid-liquid separation zone that are sequentially arranged along water flow direction, primary micro electrolysis breakage zone is sequentially provided with S-type baffle, electrolytic filler layer, porous rectifier cloth water pipe and flow guide seat from top to bottom, the outside of electrolytic cell is equipped with the feed inlet for supplementing filler, and the interstage adjusting assembly is arranged between secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone and tertiary in situ solid-liquid separation zone;The present application is divided into primary micro electrolysis breakage zone, secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone and tertiary in situ solid-liquid separation zone by electrolytic cell, and large particle sludge can be effectively intercepted to secondary zone by interstage adjusting assembly, so that sludge loss and treatment efficiency attenuation are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial wastewater treatment technology, and in particular to a wastewater electrolysis treatment device and process for the electroplating industry. Background Technology

[0002] As a basic supporting link in modern manufacturing, the electroplating industry generates a large amount of complex wastewater containing heavy metal ions, organic complexes and suspended solids during the production process. In order to solve the wastewater discharge problem, electrolysis devices are generally used to discharge electroplating wastewater. However, existing electrolysis devices mostly adopt a design mode of single functional area series or simple superposition. The pretreatment, main electrolysis reaction and solid-liquid separation units lack deep structural integration and flow field coordination, resulting in large equipment footprint, long hydraulic retention time, and difficulty in adapting to drastic fluctuations in the quality and quantity of electroplating wastewater.

[0003] Currently, although electrolysis technology theoretically possesses comprehensive treatment advantages, it still faces multiple technical bottlenecks in practical engineering applications. Most electroplating wastewater treatment processes fail to consider the reduction in effluent volume due to sludge discharge and the interstage hydraulic imbalance caused by asymmetrical flow paths during electrolysis separation. This easily leads to interstage backlog, flow interruption, or sludge loss, making it difficult to achieve stable and efficient multi-stage combined treatment within a single tank. When dealing with fluctuations in electrolysis gas production and reduced effluent volume, it cannot dynamically adjust the propulsion force according to liquid level changes, nor can it utilize the electrolysis products themselves as a buffer power source, resulting in poor system anti-interference capability, high energy consumption, and frequent maintenance. Furthermore, the flow field and electric field distribution inside the electrolytic cell are often uneven; if dead zones exist in the flow field, it can lead to low local treatment efficiency. Simultaneously, microbubbles generated during electrolysis easily adhere to the electrode surface, forming a gas film, increasing resistance, leading to decreased current efficiency and localized overheating.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, there is an urgent need for a wastewater electrolysis treatment device and process for the electroplating industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problem that an existing wastewater electrolysis treatment device and process used in the electroplating industry is prone to backlog, flow interruption or sludge loss between stages, and it is difficult to achieve stable and efficient multi-stage combined treatment in a single tank.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a wastewater electrolysis treatment device for the electroplating industry, comprising a front-end pretreatment unit, an electrolytic cell disposed at the end of the front-end pretreatment unit, and an integrated electrolysis unit disposed inside the electrolytic cell. The integrated electrolysis unit comprises a primary micro-electrolysis complex-breaking zone, a secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone, and a tertiary in-situ solid-liquid separation zone arranged sequentially along the water flow direction. The primary micro-electrolysis complex-breaking zone is provided with an S-shaped baffle, an electrolytic packing layer, a porous rectifier water distribution pipe, and a flow guide seat from top to bottom. An inlet for replenishing packing is provided on the outside of the electrolytic cell. An interstage adjustment component is provided between the secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone and the tertiary in-situ solid-liquid separation zone. The interstage regulating assembly includes a flow port located between the secondary main electrolytic oxidation zone and the tertiary in-situ solid-liquid separation zone to limit the instantaneous flow rate, a fixed frame located inside the flow port, and electrode plates arranged sequentially from bottom to top on the fixed frame. Each set of electrode plates includes an anode plate, a cathode plate, and a sealing frame located between the two plates.

[0007] Preferably, the upper end of the flow port is provided with an angle adjustment component to control the electrode plate within a downward tilt range of °~°. The angle adjustment assembly includes a lifting cylinder installed at the upper end of the flow port, a lifting rod fixed to the output end of the lifting cylinder, limit rods fixed to both ends of the lifting rod, and a synchronous connecting rod movably disposed inside the limit rod.

[0008] Preferably, the other end of the synchronizing link passes through the fixed frame and is fixedly installed on both sides of the sealing frame, and the inner side of the limiting rod is provided with a groove for accommodating the synchronizing link.

[0009] Preferably, a swirling electric field uniform distribution component is provided inside the secondary main electrolytic oxidation zone. The swirling electric field uniform distribution component includes a guide cylinder disposed inside the secondary main electrolytic oxidation zone, swirling blades fixedly installed inside the guide cylinder, a penetrating electrode plate disposed between the swirling blades, an inlet pipe fixed to the outside of the guide cylinder, and a connecting pipe connecting to the primary micro-electrolytic complex breaking zone.

[0010] Preferably, the surface of the penetrating electrode plate has perforations that allow swirling flow to pass through, and the surface of the penetrating electrode plate has a micro-nano rough coating to promote the rapid aggregation of microbubbles.

[0011] Preferably, the three-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone is equipped with a foam stabilizing grid, which includes grid one, grid two and grid three distributed in order from sparse to dense along the water flow direction. The outer side of the electrolytic cell is equipped with a foam concentration tank with a slope for connecting the three-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone. The upper end of the three-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone is equipped with an adaptive sludge scraping assembly for cleaning the foam stabilizing grid.

[0012] Preferably, the adaptive scraping assembly includes regulating cylinders fixedly installed on both sides of the electrolytic cell, a slide fixedly connected to the output end of the regulating cylinder, a float level gauge fixedly installed on the slide, electric actuators fixedly installed on the upper end of the slide in a symmetrical arrangement, a movable frame fixedly connected to the output end of the electric actuator, a scraper fixedly installed at the lower end of the movable frame, and a flexible rubber lip installed at the bottom of the scraper. A limit plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the scraper, and a limit groove corresponding to the limit plate is opened inside the flexible rubber lip.

[0013] Preferably, a bottom sludge discharge assembly is provided at the lower end of the primary micro-electrolysis breaking zone and the secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone. The bottom sludge discharge assembly includes a sludge collection hopper one installed at the lower end of the primary micro-electrolysis breaking zone, a sludge collection hopper two installed at the lower end of the secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone, sludge discharge valves respectively installed below the sludge collection hopper one and the sludge collection hopper two, and a sludge discharge pipeline connected to the outlet end of the sludge discharge valve.

[0014] Preferably, a control cabinet is provided on the outside of the front-end pretreatment unit. Inside the control cabinet is a controller for controlling the opening and closing of the sludge discharge valve and the timing of the pulse cleaning. The controller is electrically connected to the sludge discharge valve, the regulating cylinder, the electric actuator, and the float level gauge. It is used to control the opening and closing of the sludge discharge valve and the timing of the pulse cleaning. Based on the level signal fed back by the float level gauge, it controls the regulating cylinder to adjust the depth of the scraper entering the water and controls the electric actuator to perform the sludge scraping action. A drain pipe is connected between the liquid outlet of the front-end pretreatment unit and the multi-hole rectifier distribution pipe through a flange.

[0015] The wastewater electrolysis treatment process for the electroplating industry, using the aforementioned wastewater electrolysis treatment device for the electroplating industry, includes the following steps: S1. Front-end pretreatment and micro-electrolysis to break down complexes: After being treated by the front-end pretreatment unit, the electroplating wastewater enters the porous rectifier distribution pipe through the diversion pipe for uniform water distribution; the wastewater passes through the electrolytic packing layer from bottom to top, and the reaction path is extended under the guidance of the S-shaped baffle plate, and the micro-electrolysis effect of the packing breaks down the structure of heavy metal complexes. S2, Swirl main electrolytic oxidation: The effluent from the first-stage micro-electrolysis breaking zone enters the swirl electric field uniform distribution component tangentially through the connecting pipe and the liquid inlet pipe, forming a spiral upward flow field in the guide tube; the sewage penetrates the perforation of the penetrating electrode plate and undergoes deep oxidation and flocculation reaction under the coupling of the swirl field and the electric field, and the generated microbubbles rapidly aggregate on the surface of the micro-nano rough coating. S3, Interstage Flow Regulation and Secondary Electrolysis: The effluent from the secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone flows into the tertiary in-situ solid-liquid separation zone through the gap between the inclined electrode plates. The angle adjustment component controls the electrode plates to tilt downwards at °~°, limiting the instantaneous flow rate and performing interstage supplementary oxidation. S4. In-situ solid-liquid separation and sludge scraping: Wastewater entering the three-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone carries flocs and bubbles to the surface. After the foam layer is intercepted and stabilized by the foam stabilizing grid with a distribution from sparse to dense, the adaptive sludge scraping component, based on the signal fed back by the float level gauge, first drives the regulating cylinder to vertically raise and lower the slide block, adjusting the scraper to the middle depth of the foam layer, and then drives the electric push rod to move the movable frame horizontally back and forth, so that the scraper and the flexible rubber lip push the sludge into the foam concentration tank, the filtrate is returned, and the concentrated sludge is discharged. S5. Bottom Pulse Sludge Discharge: The controller periodically opens the sludge discharge valve according to the set program to discharge the heavy metal sludge deposited in the bottom sludge collection hopper of the primary micro-electrolysis breaking zone and the secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone, and performs pulse cleaning sequence before and after sludge discharge to prevent sludge from caking and clogging.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This wastewater electrolysis treatment device and process for the electroplating industry divides the electrolytic cell into three functional zones: a primary micro-electrolysis breaking zone, a secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone, and a tertiary in-situ solid-liquid separation zone. This allows for stable and efficient multi-stage combined treatment within a single cell. Furthermore, an inter-stage adjustment component is added. The insulated sealing frame forces water to pass through the electrode gaps in a uniform thin layer, transforming the asymmetric vortex and biased flow that would normally form at the flow outlet into a laminar flow state. This eliminates inter-stage backflow caused by differences in resistance between the left and right flow paths. The stacked electrode plates form multi-stage physical barriers within the flow channel, effectively intercepting large particles of sludge from returning to the secondary zone, preventing sludge loss and treatment efficiency degradation caused by repeated inter-stage circulation.

[0017] 2. By adding an electrode plate angle adjustment component, the electrode plate can be controlled within the range of 30°~50° downward tilt, achieving any adjustment. When treating chromium-containing wastewater, the flocs have high density and settle quickly, so a small tilt angle of 30°~35° is suitable to extend the flow path and enhance the collision between microbubbles and flocs. When treating nickel-containing wastewater, the flocs are light and have high viscosity, so a large tilt angle of 45°~50° is suitable to prevent sludge accumulation on the plate. This allows the electrode plate to adapt to the floc characteristics of different electroplating wastewaters, maintaining a balance between electrochemical flow propulsion and sludge protection.

[0018] 3. By setting a uniformly distributed swirling electric field structure, the liquid inlet pipe is tangentially connected to the electrolytic cell body, forming a spiral upward swirling flow field in the cell, eliminating dead zones in the flow field. The through-type electrode plate adopts a perforated plate structure, allowing the swirling flow to penetrate, so that the flow field and electric field are uniformly coupled in three-dimensional space. The electrode plate surface is coated with a micro-nano rough coating to promote the rapid aggregation of microbubbles, which float up along the micropores and detach from the electrode plate surface, reducing concentration polarization, thereby improving current efficiency and avoiding local overheating.

[0019] 4. By adding a foam-stabilizing grid and an adaptive sludge scraping assembly to the three-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone, foam can be blocked and accumulated. At the same time, the water immersion depth of the entire adaptive sludge scraping assembly is adjusted by the float level gauge. The scraper pushes the sludge into the foam concentration tank, and after being filtered through the bottom filter gap, it flows back to the three-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone.

[0020] 5. By setting up a control cabinet, reverse pulse current can be applied to the existing working electrodes in the primary and secondary zones to achieve pulse cleaning. At the same time, a bottom sludge discharge assembly can be added to use the pressure difference of the liquid level in the tank to discharge the detached flocs and the sludge deposited in the sludge collection hopper. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 2 The image shown is a top view of the invention. Figure 3 The image shown is a cross-sectional view of the electrolytic cell of the present invention; Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structure of the primary micro-electrolysis network-breaking region of the present invention. Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the porous rectifier water distribution pipe structure of the present invention. Figure 6 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the flow port structure of the present invention; Figure 7 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the structure of the interstage adjustment component of the present invention. Figure 8 The present invention is shown Figure 7 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 9 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the swirling electric field uniform distribution component of the present invention. Figure 10 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the through-type electrode structure of the present invention; Figure 11 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the adaptive slag scraping assembly of the present invention. Figure 12 The present invention is shown Figure 11 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 13 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the bubble-stabilizing grid structure of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Front-end pretreatment unit; 2. Electrolytic cell; 3. Integrated electrolysis unit; 31. First-stage micro-electrolysis complex breaking zone; 311. S-shaped baffle plate; 312. Electrolytic packing layer; 313. Porous rectifier water distribution pipe; 314. Flow guide seat; 32. Second-stage main electrolysis oxidation zone; 33. Third-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone; 4. Interstage adjustment component; 41. Flow port; 42. Fixing frame; 43. Electrode plate; 431. Anode plate; 432. Cathode plate; 433. Sealing frame; 5. Angle adjustment component; 51. Lifting cylinder; 52. Limiting rod; 521. Slide groove; 53. Synchronous connecting rod; 54. Lifting rod; 6. Swirl electric field uniform distribution assembly; 61. Guide tube; 62. Swirl blade; 63. Penetrating electrode plate; 64. Liquid inlet pipe; 65. Connecting pipe; 7. Foam stabilizing grid; 71. Grid one; 72. Grid two; 73. Grid three; 8. Foam concentration tank; 91. Adjusting cylinder; 92. Slide seat; 93. Float level gauge; 94. Scraper; 941. Limiting plate; 95. Flexible rubber lip; 951. Limiting groove; 96. Movable frame; 97. Electric actuator; 101. Sludge hopper one; 102. Sludge hopper two; 103. Sludge discharge valve; 104. Sludge discharge pipeline; 11. Control cabinet; 12. Feed inlet; 13. Drainage pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] Please see Figures 1-13This invention provides an embodiment of a wastewater electrolysis treatment device for the electroplating industry, comprising a front-end pretreatment unit 1, an electrolytic cell 2 disposed at the end of the front-end pretreatment unit 1, and an integrated electrolysis unit 3 disposed inside the electrolytic cell 2. The integrated electrolysis unit 3 includes a primary micro-electrolysis complex-breaking zone 31, a secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone 32, and a tertiary in-situ solid-liquid separation zone 33 arranged sequentially along the water flow direction, achieving a high degree of integration of the three-stage functions of "complex breaking-oxidation-separation" within a single tank. The primary micro-electrolysis complex-breaking zone 31 is provided with an S-shaped baffle 311, an electrolytic packing layer 312, a porous rectifier water distribution pipe 313, and a flow guide seat 314 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Among them, the S-shaped baffle 311 is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel or engineering plastic. Its S-shaped channel forces the water flow to repeatedly turn back, effectively extending the hydraulic residence time and eliminating short-circuiting. The electrolytic packing layer 312 is filled with iron-carbon alloy packing and inert support balls in a volume ratio of 3:1 to 5:1. The packing particle size is 20mm to 50mm. It utilizes the galvanic cell effect to generate new ecological [H] and Fe²⁺, which efficiently destroy the structure of heavy metals and organic complexes. The porous rectifying water distribution pipe 313 has a pore diameter of 5mm to 10mm and an opening rate of ≥30%, ensuring that the water is evenly distributed throughout the cross section and avoiding excessive local flow velocity that could cause the packing to be washed away. The guide seat 314 is inverted conical in shape and has a sludge discharge port at the bottom, which has the dual functions of water distribution and sludge collection. The outer side of the electrolytic cell 2 is provided with a feed inlet 12 for replenishing the packing. When the packing needs to be replaced due to consumption or caking, it can be replenished online through this feed inlet without stopping the machine for disassembly, ensuring continuous operation. An interstage regulating component 4 is provided between the secondary main electrolytic oxidation zone 32 and the tertiary in-situ solid-liquid separation zone 33. The interstage regulating component 4 includes a flow port 41 opened between the secondary main electrolytic oxidation zone 32 and the tertiary in-situ solid-liquid separation zone 33 to limit the instantaneous flow rate, a fixing frame 42 set inside the flow port 41, and electrode plates 43 arranged sequentially from bottom to top on the fixing frame 42. Each set of electrode plates 43 includes an anode plate 431, a cathode plate 432, and a sealing frame 433 set between the two plates. The sealing frame 433 separates the anode plate 431 and the cathode plate 432, forcing the water to pass through only in a uniform thin layer through the gap between the plates. This transforms the asymmetric vortex and deflection flow that are easily formed at the flow port 41 into a stable laminar flow state, fundamentally eliminating the backlog and flow interruption between stages caused by the difference in resistance between the left and right flow paths. At the same time, the stacked electrode plates 43 form a multi-level physical barrier, which can effectively intercept large particles of sludge from being back-mixed in the secondary zone, avoiding the loss and treatment efficiency reduction caused by repeated circulation of sludge between stages.

[0025] Please see Figures 6-8An angle adjustment component 5 is provided at the upper end of the flow port 41 to control the electrode plate 43 to tilt downward within a range of 30° to 50°, so as to adapt to the floc characteristics of different electroplating wastewater. The angle adjustment component 5 includes a lifting cylinder 51 installed at the upper end of the flow port 41, a lifting rod 54 fixed to the output end of the lifting cylinder 51, a limiting rod 52 fixed to both ends of the lifting rod 54, and a synchronous connecting rod 53 movably disposed inside the limiting rod 52. The other end of the synchronous connecting rod 53 passes through the fixing frame 42 and is fixedly installed on both sides of the sealing frame 433. A groove 521 for accommodating the synchronous connecting rod 53 is provided on the inner side of the limiting rod 52. The lifting cylinder 51 drives the lifting rod 54 to move up and down, thereby changing the height of the limiting rod 52. This allows the synchronous connecting rod 53 to rotate along with the limiting rod 52 as it moves, thus changing the tilt angle of the sealing frame 433. When treating chromium-containing wastewater, the flocs are dense and settle quickly. The controller controls the lifting cylinder 51 to keep the electrode plate 43 at a small tilt angle of 30°~35°, extending the flow path and enhancing the collision and entrainment of microbubbles with high-density flocs. Electrolysis gas is used as a natural propulsion force. When treating nickel-containing wastewater, the flocs are light and have high viscosity. The controller controls the electrode plate 43 at a large tilt angle of 45°~50°, increasing the gravitational component and preventing the light, viscous flocs from accumulating and clogging the plate. This design allows the electrode plate tilt angle to dynamically adapt to changes in water quality, maintaining electrochemical propulsion efficiency while also protecting sludge. It can handle fluctuations in electrolysis gas production and reduced effluent volume without the need for additional external propulsion equipment.

[0026] Please see Figures 9-10 The secondary main electrolytic oxidation zone 32 is equipped with a swirling electric field uniform distribution component 6. The swirling electric field uniform distribution component 6 includes a guide tube 61 disposed inside the secondary main electrolytic oxidation zone 32, swirling blades 62 fixedly installed inside the guide tube 61, a penetrating electrode plate 63 disposed between the swirling blades 62, an inlet pipe 64 fixedly connected to the outside of the guide tube 61, and a connecting pipe 65 connecting to the primary micro-electrolysis complex breaking zone 31. Wastewater from the primary zone is introduced through connecting pipe 65 and then flows into guide tube 61 through inlet pipe 64. The surface of the penetrating electrode plate 63 is perforated to allow swirling flow to penetrate directly through the electrode plate, so that the flow field and electric field are uniformly coupled in three-dimensional space, avoiding the inefficient area formed on the back surface of the penetrating electrode plate 63. The surface of the penetrating electrode plate 63 is provided with a micro-nano rough coating to promote the rapid aggregation of microbubbles. The micro-nano structure of this coating can serve as a nucleation site for microbubbles, causing the H2 and O2 microbubbles generated by electrolysis to rapidly aggregate into large bubbles on the electrode plate surface and float and detach along the perforations, effectively destroying the attached gas film, reducing concentration polarization resistance, thereby improving current efficiency and avoiding electrode life decay caused by local overheating.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 13The three-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone 33 is equipped with a foam-stabilizing grid 7. The foam-stabilizing grid 7 includes grid 1 71, grid 2 72, and grid 3 73, which are distributed from sparse to dense along the water flow direction. Grid 1 71 initially intercepts large foam clumps, grid 2 72 further breaks down and reorganizes medium-sized foam, and grid 3 73 finely stabilizes the foam and forms a smooth foam interface, providing stable operating conditions for subsequent sludge scraping. An inclined foam concentration tank 8 is provided on the outside of the electrolytic cell 2 to connect the three-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone 33. A filter screen is installed at the bottom of the foam concentration tank 8. The scraped concentrated scum enters and drains naturally. The filtrate flows back to the three-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone 33 via the slope, reducing the loss of effective treated water.

[0028] Please see Figures 11-12 The upper end of the three-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone 33 is provided with an adaptive scraping assembly for cleaning the foam stabilizing grid 7, which is used to dynamically adjust the position of the scraper 94 according to the thickness of the foam layer. The adaptive slag scraping assembly includes regulating cylinders 91 fixedly installed on both sides of the electrolytic cell 2, a slide block 92 fixedly connected to the output end of the regulating cylinders 91, a float level gauge 93 fixedly installed on the slide block 92, electric push rods 97 fixedly installed on the upper end of the slide block 92 in a symmetrical arrangement, a movable frame 96 fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rods 97, a scraper 94 fixedly installed at the lower end of the movable frame 96, and a flexible rubber lip 95 installed at the bottom of the scraper 94. A limit plate 941 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the scraper 94. The float level gauge 93 monitors the height of the foam layer in real time and feeds the signal back to the controller. The controller first drives the regulating cylinders 91 to move the slide block 92 vertically up and down, accurately positioning the scraper 94 to the middle depth of the foam layer, avoiding the scraper from disturbing the lower clear liquid if it is too deep or from missing the surface foam if it is too shallow. Then, the controller drives the electric push rods 97 to move the movable frame 96 horizontally back and forth, so that the scraper 94 and the flexible rubber lip 95 push the slag into the foam concentration tank 8 with constant pressure. The flexible rubber lip 95 has a corresponding limiting groove 951 inside, which corresponds to the limiting plate 941. Through the correspondence between the limiting plate 941 and the limiting groove 951, the flexible rubber lip 95 can be connected to the scraper 94, facilitating subsequent disassembly and installation. The flexible rubber lip 95 can both conform to the liquid surface to ensure thorough sludge scraping and avoid damage to the bubble stabilizing grid 7 due to rigid contact. The entire sludge scraping process achieves depth self-adaptation and force controllability, completely solving the problems of incomplete sludge scraping or excessive water disturbance in the traditional single-cylinder drive mode.

[0029] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 9The lower ends of the primary micro-electrolysis breaking zone 31 and the secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone 32 are equipped with a bottom sludge discharge assembly. This bottom sludge discharge assembly includes a sludge collection hopper 101 installed at the lower end of the primary micro-electrolysis breaking zone 31, a sludge collection hopper 2 102 installed at the lower end of the secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone 32, sludge discharge valves 103 respectively located below the sludge collection hoppers 101 and 102, and a sludge discharge pipe 104 connected to the outlet end of the sludge discharge valves 103. The sludge collection hoppers 101 and 102 have a conical structure to ensure that the sludge slides smoothly by its own weight, avoiding dead corners of sludge accumulation. The end of the sludge discharge pipe 104 is equipped with a flushing interface, which can be used to backflushed with high-pressure water after sludge discharge to prevent pipe blockage.

[0030] Please see Figures 1-5 The front-end pretreatment unit 1 is equipped with a control cabinet 11 on its outside. Inside the control cabinet 11 is a controller for controlling the opening and closing of the sludge discharge valve 103 and the timing of the pulse cleaning. The controller is electrically connected to the sludge discharge valve 103, the regulating cylinder 91, the electric actuator 97, and the float level gauge 93. It controls the opening and closing of the sludge discharge valve 103 and the timing of the pulse cleaning. Based on the level signal fed back by the float level gauge 93, it controls the regulating cylinder 91 to adjust the water depth of the scraper 94 and controls the electric actuator 97 to perform the sludge scraping action. The outlet end of the front-end pretreatment unit 1 is connected to the porous rectifier water distribution pipe 313 by a flange and a drain pipe 13 is connected to it, so that the porous rectifier water distribution pipe 313 can penetrate into the electrolytic packing layer 312 to ensure that the wastewater reacts fully.

[0031] The wastewater electrolysis treatment process for the electroplating industry, using the aforementioned wastewater electrolysis treatment device for the electroplating industry, includes the following steps: S1. Front-end pretreatment and micro-electrolysis to break up complexes: After being treated by the front-end pretreatment unit 1, the electroplating wastewater enters the porous rectifier distribution pipe 313 through the diversion pipe 13 for uniform water distribution; the wastewater passes through the electrolytic packing layer 312 from bottom to top, and the reaction path is extended under the guidance of the S-shaped baffle 311. The micro-electrolysis of the packing breaks up the complex structure of heavy metals and converts the complexed heavy metals into free ions. S2, Cyclone Electrolytic Oxidation: The effluent from the primary micro-electrolysis breaking zone 31 enters the cyclone electric field uniform distribution component 6 tangentially through the connecting pipe 65 and the inlet pipe 64. A spiral upward flow field is formed in the guide tube 61 along the path of the spiral blade 62. The sewage penetrates the perforation of the penetrating electrode plate 63 and undergoes deep oxidation and flocculation reaction under the coupling of the cyclone field and the electric field. The generated flocs such as Fe(OH)3 and Al(OH)3 adsorb heavy metal ions and co-precipitate. At the same time, the microbubbles generated by electrolysis rapidly aggregate and float on the surface of the micro-nano rough coating, carrying the flocs into the separation zone. S3, Interstage Flow Regulation and Secondary Electrolysis: The effluent from the secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone 32 flows into the tertiary in-situ solid-liquid separation zone 33 through the gap between the inclined electrode plates 43. The angle adjustment component 5 controls the electrode plates 43 to tilt downward at 30°~50°, limiting the instantaneous flow rate and performing interstage supplementary oxidation to further degrade residual organic matter. S4. In-situ solid-liquid separation and sludge scraping: Wastewater entering the three-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone 33 carries flocs and bubbles to the surface. After the foam layer is intercepted and stabilized by the foam stabilizing grid 7 with a distribution from sparse to dense, the adaptive sludge scraping component, based on the signal fed back by the float level gauge 93, first drives the regulating cylinder 91 to drive the slide seat 92 to rise and fall vertically, adjusting the scraper 94 to the middle depth of the foam layer, and then drives the electric push rod 97 to drive the movable frame 96 to move horizontally back and forth, so that the scraper 94 and the flexible rubber lip 95 push the sludge into the foam thickening tank 8, the filtrate is returned, the concentrated sludge is discharged, and the concentrated sludge is transported off-site for disposal periodically. S5. Bottom Pulse Sludge Discharge: The controller periodically opens the sludge discharge valve 103 according to the set program, using the pressure difference of the liquid level in the tank to discharge the heavy metal sludge deposited in the bottom sludge collection hopper of the first-stage micro-electrolysis complex breaking zone 31 and the second-stage main electrolysis oxidation zone 32. Before and after sludge discharge, a pulse cleaning sequence is executed to peel off the flocs attached to the electrode plates and loosen the sludge deposited in the sludge collection hopper, fundamentally preventing sludge caking and blockage, and ensuring the long-term continuous and stable operation of the device.

Claims

1. A wastewater electrolysis treatment device for the electroplating industry, characterized in that: The device includes a front-end pretreatment unit (1), an electrolytic cell (2) located at the end of the front-end pretreatment unit (1), and an integrated electrolysis unit (3) located inside the electrolytic cell (2). The integrated electrolysis unit (3) includes a first-stage micro-electrolysis complex breaking zone (31), a second-stage main electrolysis oxidation zone (32), and a third-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone (33) arranged sequentially along the water flow direction. The first-stage micro-electrolysis complex breaking zone (31) is provided with an S-shaped baffle (311), an electrolysis packing layer (312), a porous rectifier water distribution pipe (313), and a flow guide seat (314) arranged sequentially from top to bottom. An inlet (12) for replenishing packing is provided on the outside of the electrolytic cell (2). An interstage adjustment component (4) is provided between the second-stage main electrolysis oxidation zone (32) and the third-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone (33). The interstage adjustment assembly (4) includes an outlet (41) for limiting instantaneous flow rate between the secondary main electrolytic oxidation zone (32) and the tertiary in-situ solid-liquid separation zone (33), a fixed frame (42) inside the outlet (41), and electrode plates (43) arranged from bottom to top on the fixed frame (42). Each set of electrode plates (43) includes an anode plate (431), a cathode plate (432), and a sealing frame (433) between the two plates.

2. The wastewater electrolysis treatment device for the electroplating industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: An angle adjustment component (5) is provided at the upper end of the flow port (41) to control the electrode plate (43) within the range of 30°~50° downward tilt; The angle adjustment assembly (5) includes a lifting cylinder (51) installed at the upper end of the flow port (41), a lifting rod (54) fixed to the output end of the lifting cylinder (51), a limiting rod (52) fixed to both ends of the lifting rod (54), and a synchronous connecting rod (53) movably disposed inside the limiting rod (52).

3. The wastewater electrolysis treatment device for the electroplating industry according to claim 2, characterized in that: The other end of the synchronizing link (53) passes through the fixed frame (42) and is fixedly installed on both sides of the sealing frame (433). The inner side of the limiting rod (52) is provided with a groove (521) for accommodating the synchronizing link (53).

4. The wastewater electrolysis treatment device for the electroplating industry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary main electrolytic oxidation zone (32) is equipped with a swirling electric field uniform distribution component (6). The swirling electric field uniform distribution component (6) includes a guide tube (61) installed inside the secondary main electrolytic oxidation zone (32), swirling blades (62) fixedly installed inside the guide tube (61), a penetrating electrode plate (63) installed between the swirling blades (62), an inlet pipe (64) fixed to the outside of the guide tube (61), and a connecting pipe (65) connecting to the primary micro-electrolytic complex breaking zone (31).

5. A wastewater electrolysis treatment device for the electroplating industry according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the penetrating electrode (63) is provided with perforations that allow swirling flow to pass through, and the surface of the penetrating electrode (63) is provided with a micro-nano rough coating to promote the rapid aggregation of microbubbles.

6. A wastewater electrolysis treatment device for the electroplating industry according to claim 5, characterized in that: The three-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone (33) is equipped with a foam stabilizing grid (7). The foam stabilizing grid (7) includes grid one (71), grid two (72) and grid three (73) distributed in order from sparse to dense along the water flow direction. The electrolytic cell (2) is equipped with a foam concentration tank (8) with a slope for connecting the three-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone (33). The upper end of the three-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone (33) is equipped with an adaptive slag scraping assembly for cleaning the foam stabilizing grid (7).

7. A wastewater electrolysis treatment device for the electroplating industry according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adaptive scraper assembly includes an adjusting cylinder (91) fixedly installed on both sides of the electrolytic cell (2), a slide (92) fixedly connected to the output end of the adjusting cylinder (91), a float level gauge (93) fixedly installed on the slide (92), electric push rods (97) fixedly installed on the upper end of the slide (92) and symmetrically distributed, a movable frame (96) fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod (97), a scraper (94) fixedly installed on the lower end of the movable frame (96), and a flexible rubber lip (95) installed on the bottom of the scraper (94). A limit plate (941) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the scraper (94), and a limit groove (951) corresponding to the limit plate (941) is opened inside the flexible rubber lip (95).

8. A wastewater electrolysis treatment device for the electroplating industry according to claim 7, characterized in that: Bottom sludge discharge assembly is provided at the lower end of the primary micro-electrolysis breaking zone (31) and the secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone (32). The bottom sludge discharge assembly includes a sludge collection hopper one (101) installed at the lower end of the primary micro-electrolysis breaking zone (31), a sludge collection hopper two (102) installed at the lower end of the secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone (32), a sludge discharge valve (103) respectively installed below the sludge collection hopper one (101) and the sludge collection hopper two (102), and a sludge discharge pipeline (104) connected to the outlet end of the sludge discharge valve (103).

9. A wastewater electrolysis treatment device for the electroplating industry according to claim 8, characterized in that: The front-end pretreatment unit (1) is equipped with a control cabinet (11) on the outside. The control cabinet (11) is equipped with a controller for controlling the opening and closing of the sludge discharge valve (103) and the timing of the pulse cleaning. The controller is electrically connected to the sludge discharge valve (103), the regulating cylinder (91), the electric push rod (97) and the float level gauge (93) respectively. It is used to control the opening and closing of the sludge discharge valve (103) and the timing of the pulse cleaning. According to the level signal fed back by the float level gauge (93), it controls the regulating cylinder (91) to adjust the water depth of the scraper (94) and controls the electric push rod (97) to perform the scraping action. The outlet end of the front-end pretreatment unit (1) is connected to the multi-hole rectifier water distribution pipe (313) through a flange and a drainage pipe (13).

10. A wastewater electrolysis treatment process for the electroplating industry, characterized in that... An electrolytic wastewater treatment apparatus for the electroplating industry as described in any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1. Front-end pretreatment and micro-electrolysis to break up the complex: After being treated by the front-end pretreatment unit (1), the electroplating wastewater enters the porous rectifier water distribution pipe (313) through the diversion pipe (13) for uniform water distribution; the wastewater passes through the electrolytic packing layer (312) from bottom to top, and the reaction path is extended under the guidance of the S-shaped baffle (311), and the micro-electrolysis effect of the packing breaks up the heavy metal complex structure. S2, swirling main electrolytic oxidation: the effluent from the first-stage micro-electrolysis breaking zone (31) enters the swirling electric field uniform distribution component (6) tangentially through the connecting pipe (65) and the liquid inlet pipe (64), forming a spiral upward flow field in the guide tube (61); the sewage penetrates the perforation of the penetrating electrode plate (63), and undergoes deep oxidation and flocculation reaction under the coupling of the swirling field and the electric field, and the generated microbubbles rapidly aggregate on the surface of the micro-nano rough coating; S3, Interstage flow regulation and secondary electrolysis: The effluent from the secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone (32) flows into the tertiary in-situ solid-liquid separation zone (33) through the gap between the inclined electrode plates (43). The electrode plates (43) are controlled to tilt downward at 30°~50° by the angle adjustment component (5) to limit the instantaneous flow rate and perform interstage supplementary oxidation. S4. In-situ solid-liquid separation and sludge scraping: Wastewater entering the three-stage in-situ solid-liquid separation zone (33) carries flocs and bubbles to the surface. After the foam layer is intercepted and stabilized by the foam stabilizing grid (7) with a distribution from sparse to dense, the adaptive sludge scraping component first drives the regulating cylinder (91) to drive the slide (92) to rise and fall vertically according to the signal fed back by the float level gauge (93), adjusts the scraper (94) to the middle depth of the foam layer, and then drives the electric push rod (97) to drive the movable frame (96) to move horizontally back and forth, so that the scraper (94) and the flexible rubber lip (95) push the sludge into the foam concentration tank (8), the filtrate is returned, and the concentrated sludge is discharged. S5. Bottom Pulse Sludge Discharge: The controller periodically opens the sludge discharge valve (103) according to the set program to discharge the heavy metal sludge deposited in the bottom sludge collection hopper of the primary micro-electrolysis breaking zone (31) and the secondary main electrolysis oxidation zone (32), and performs pulse cleaning sequence before and after sludge discharge to prevent sludge from caking and clogging.

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