A method and process for anaerobic fermentation treatment of biomass in a tropical environment

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of hydrogen production from biomass, in particular to a hot environment biomass anaerobic fermentation treatment method and process, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining biomass raw materials and natural fermentation biogas slurry in a tropical region, and pretreating the biomass raw materials to obtain mixed raw materials; the mixed raw materials are sent to a ventilated storage bin for rainproof and moistureproof storage; thermophilic acid-producing bacteria and high-temperature methane-producing bacteria are screened from the biogas slurry, a gradient temperature acclimation method is used to acclimate the heat-resistant bacteria group, the bacteria group is acclimated to a temperature-resistant temperature, and the heat-resistant bacteria group is obtained; the mixed raw materials are inoculated with the heat-resistant bacteria group and sent to a sectional fermentation tank for sectional anaerobic fermentation; foul gas is collected through a gas collecting hood and treated through a water washing tower and a biological filter in sequence; the data of various sensors installed in the ventilated storage bin and the fermentation tank are monitored, and the process parameters of the corresponding treatment process are automatically controlled. Thus, the problems of raw material corruption, activity reduction and unstable fermentation in the prior art under a hot environment are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of biomass hydrogen production technology, and in particular to a method and process for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in tropical environments. Background Technology

[0002] The hot, humid, and frequent rainfall in tropical regions presents numerous technical challenges to the storage and fermentation processes of biomass-to-hydrogen feedstocks: First, feedstocks are prone to spoilage; a mixture of tree pellets, household waste, and manure can easily breed harmful bacteria under high temperatures, leading to an imbalance in the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and reducing biogas production. Second, the activity of conventional anaerobic fermentation bacteria decreases significantly under tropical high temperatures, and some bacteria may even become inactive, making it impossible to maintain stable fermentation and gas production. Third, feedstock storage facilities are susceptible to rainwater infiltration, causing excessive fluctuations in feedstock moisture content and further exacerbating the instability of the fermentation process. Fourth, the rapid volatilization rate of odors during fermentation in tropical regions can easily cause serious environmental problems if not treated promptly. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a method and process for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in tropical environments to solve the problems of easy spoilage, decreased activity, and unstable fermentation of raw materials in tropical environments in the prior art.

[0004] The first aspect of this application provides a method for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment, comprising the following steps: obtaining biomass raw materials and naturally fermented biogas slurry from tropical regions, and pre-treating the biomass raw materials to obtain a mixed raw material; storing the mixed raw material in a ventilated storage silo with a roof for rain and moisture protection; screening thermophilic acid-producing bacteria and thermophilic methanogens from the naturally fermented biogas slurry from tropical regions, and acclimating the thermotolerant bacterial population using a gradient temperature acclimation method to acclimate the bacterial population to a tolerable temperature to obtain a thermotolerant bacterial population; inoculating the mixed raw material and the thermotolerant bacterial population at a mass ratio of 100:8-10, and sending them into a segmented fermenter for segmented anaerobic fermentation; collecting odorous gases generated in the fermenter and storage silo through a gas collection hood and sequentially treating the odorous gases through a water washing tower and a biological filter; monitoring the data of various sensors installed in the ventilated storage silo and fermenter, and automatically adjusting the process parameters of the corresponding treatment process.

[0005] Optionally, the pretreatment of the biomass raw materials to obtain the mixed raw materials includes: the biomass raw materials include trees, domestic waste, and manure; the trees are crushed into particles with a diameter of 2-5 mm, and dried with hot air to a moisture content of ≤15%, the hot air temperature for drying is 60-70℃, and the drying time is 2-3 hours; the domestic waste is screened by a drum screen, magnetically separated, and manually sorted to remove non-degradable impurities, and the impurity content is controlled to be ≤5%; the manure is subjected to solid-liquid separation by screw extrusion to obtain manure residue with a solid phase moisture content of ≤70%; the tree particles, screened domestic waste, and manure residue are mixed in a horizontal mixer at a mass fraction of 30%-40%, 40%-50%, and 10%-20%, respectively, for a mixing time of 15-20 minutes, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixed raw materials is adjusted to 20-25:1 and the moisture content is 45%-55%, to obtain the mixed raw materials.

[0006] Optionally, the ventilated storage silo is equipped with temperature and humidity sensors and a forced ventilation device to control the internal temperature to ≤30℃, relative humidity to ≤60%, storage period to ≤7 days, and ventilation volume to 0.02-0.03m³. 3 / (m 3 (min), the bottom of the warehouse is equipped with a slope to prevent water accumulation, with a slope of 3%-5%.

[0007] Optionally, the method of acclimatizing thermotolerant bacteria using a gradient temperature increase includes the following steps: using a 10% concentration of mixed raw material leachate as the acclimatization culture medium, the screened thermophilic acid-producing bacteria and thermophilic methanogens are inoculated into the culture medium; first, acclimatization is carried out at a temperature of 30°C for 3 days; after acclimatization at 30°C, the culture temperature is increased to 35°C and maintained at this temperature for another 3 days; after acclimatization at 35°C, the culture temperature is further increased to 38°C and maintained at this temperature for another 3 days; after acclimatization at 38°C, the culture temperature is increased to 42°C and maintained at this temperature for another 3 days; after acclimatization at 42°C, the culture temperature is finally increased to 45°C and acclimatization is completed at this temperature for another 3 days; after the above gradient temperature acclimatization, the bacteria are acclimatized to a tolerance temperature of 45°C, and the target thermotolerant bacteria are finally obtained.

[0008] Optionally, the segmented fermenter includes a front section and a rear section. The front section is a high-temperature hydrolysis zone, and the rear section is a mesophilic fermentation zone. The volume ratio of the high-temperature hydrolysis zone to the mesophilic fermentation zone is 1:3. The high-temperature hydrolysis zone is heated by an external heating jacket, and the mesophilic fermentation zone uses the residual heat from the high-temperature hydrolysis zone to maintain its temperature. A pH sensor, a temperature sensor, and a stirring device are installed inside the tank to monitor and control the temperature and pH inside the tank.

[0009] Optionally, the spray density of the water washing tower is 10-15 m³ / s. 3 / (m 2·h), the biological filter packing material is a mixture of coconut shell activated carbon and tropical plant debris, the packing layer height is 1.8-2.2m, and the tropical plant debris is palm leaf debris or coconut coir, which accounts for 30%-40% by mass.

[0010] The second aspect of this application provides a tropical environment biomass anaerobic fermentation process, comprising: mixing mixed raw materials with thermoresistant bacteria at a mass ratio of 100:8-10, and feeding the mixture into a segmented anaerobic fermenter; the temperature of the high-temperature hydrolysis zone of the fermenter is controlled at 55-60℃, with a residence time of 5-7 days, to accelerate the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose into small molecule organic acids; the degraded material enters the mesophilic fermentation zone of the fermenter, with the temperature controlled at 38-42℃, and a residence time of 15-20 days, where methanogenic bacteria convert the organic acids into biogas; during the fermentation process, the stirring speed is 15-20 r / min, and the pH value in the tank is controlled to be 6.5-7.5 by automatically adding acid-base regulators; the biogas is purified by a dehydrator (dew point temperature -20℃) and a desulfurization tower (iron oxide desulfurizer), and then stored in a biogas tank, with a methane volume fraction of 60% in the biogas.

[0011] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being configured to perform a tropical environment biomass anaerobic fermentation treatment method as described in the above embodiments.

[0012] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is executed by a processor to implement a method for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment as described in the above embodiments.

[0013] A fifth aspect of this application provides a computer program product storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a method for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment as described in the above embodiments.

[0014] The beneficial effects of using the present invention are as follows: This application's embodiments achieve efficient resource utilization of biomass resources through a comprehensive, targeted design for the characteristics of the hot and humid tropical environment. By meticulously pre-treating and scientifically compounding three types of biomass—trees, household waste, and manure—it achieves synergistic resource utilization of multiple wastes, with optimized mixed raw materials better suited to the metabolic needs of heat-resistant microbial communities. Heat-resistant microbial communities resistant to 45℃ are obtained by screening strains from tropical native biogas slurry and acclimating them through gradient temperature increases, eliminating the need for additional cooling equipment and reducing fermentation system energy consumption by 30%. A segmented anaerobic digester with a volume ratio of 1:3 is used to achieve functional zoning for high-temperature hydrolysis and mesophilic fermentation, thereby enhancing fermentation through the specialization of metabolic functions within the microbial community. This technology improves efficiency, ensuring a stable methane volume fraction of 60% in biogas and increasing biogas yield by 40% compared to conventional processes. It also leverages waste heat for energy recovery, significantly reducing energy consumption. Furthermore, it fully utilizes local tropical resources, such as screening and cultivating functional microbial communities from biogas slurry and using agricultural waste like coconut shell activated carbon and palm leaves / coconut coir as biofilter packing materials, reducing the cost of microbial agents and materials. Multiple types of sensors are installed in the ventilated storage silos and fermentation tanks to achieve automated closed-loop control of parameters such as temperature, humidity, and pH, replacing manual operation and improving the accuracy and timeliness of control. This ensures that raw materials do not spoil during storage and that the microbial communities maintain high activity during fermentation, achieving continuous and stable operation throughout the entire process. Therefore, it solves the problems of easy spoilage, decreased activity, and unstable fermentation of raw materials in tropical environments found in existing technologies.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for anaerobic fermentation treatment of biomass in a tropical environment according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0018] The following describes a method and process for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment, with reference to the accompanying drawings. Addressing the problems mentioned in the background art regarding the susceptibility of raw materials to spoilage, decreased activity, and unstable fermentation in tropical environments, this application provides a method for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment. This method achieves efficient resource utilization of biomass resources through a comprehensive process design tailored to the characteristics of the hot and humid tropical environment. Through refined pretreatment and scientific compounding of three types of biomass—trees, household waste, and manure—multi-type wastes are utilized collaboratively. The optimized mixed raw materials are better suited to the metabolic needs of heat-resistant microbial communities. Heat-resistant microbial communities resistant to 45℃ are obtained by screening strains from tropical native biogas slurry and acclimatizing them through gradient heating, eliminating the need for additional cooling equipment and reducing the energy consumption of the fermentation system by 30%. A segmented anaerobic fermentation process with a volume ratio of 1:3 is employed. The fermentation tank achieves functional zones for high-temperature hydrolysis and mesophilic fermentation. This not only enhances fermentation efficiency through the specialization of microbial metabolism, stabilizing the methane volume fraction in biogas to 60% and increasing biogas yield by 40% compared to conventional processes, but also leverages waste heat for tiered energy recovery, significantly reducing energy consumption. It fully utilizes local tropical resources, such as screening and cultivating functional microbial communities from biogas slurry and using agricultural waste like coconut shell activated carbon and palm leaves / coconut coir as biofilter packing materials, reducing the cost of microbial agents and materials. Both the ventilated storage silo and the fermentation tank are equipped with multiple types of sensors to achieve automated closed-loop control of parameters such as temperature, humidity, and pH, replacing manual operation and improving the accuracy and timeliness of control. This ensures that raw materials do not spoil during storage and that the microbial community maintains high activity during fermentation, achieving continuous and stable operation throughout the entire process. Therefore, it solves the problems of easy spoilage, decreased activity, and unstable fermentation of raw materials in tropical environments found in existing technologies.

[0019] Specifically, Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, this method for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment includes the following steps: In step S101, biomass raw materials and biogas slurry naturally fermented in tropical regions are obtained, and the biomass raw materials are pretreated to obtain mixed raw materials.

[0021] Among them, the biogas slurry naturally fermented in tropical regions is obtained from the biogas slurry naturally fermented in tropical farms.

[0022] In this embodiment of the application, the biomass raw materials are pretreated to obtain a mixed raw material, including: Biomass raw materials include trees, household waste, and manure; The wood is crushed into particles with a diameter of 2-5 mm, and then dried with hot air until the moisture content is ≤15%. The hot air temperature for drying is 60-70℃, and the drying time is 2-3 hours. Household waste is screened by a drum screen, magnetically separated, and manually sorted to remove non-degradable impurities, with the impurity content controlled to ≤5%. Feces are separated into solid and liquid phases by screw extrusion to obtain fecal residue with a solid phase moisture content of ≤70%; Tree pellets, screened domestic waste, and manure residue are mixed in a horizontal mixer at mass fractions of 30%-40%, 40%-50%, and 10%-20%, respectively, for 15-20 minutes. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixed raw materials is adjusted to 20-25:1, and the moisture content is 45%-55%, to obtain the mixed raw materials.

[0023] The process involves using a hammer mill to crush tropical broadleaf trees, with a screen aperture of 3mm, to obtain particles with a diameter of 2-5mm. These wood particles are then fed into a belt-type hot air dryer at a temperature of 60-70℃ for 2-3 hours, resulting in a moisture content of ≤15%. The dried wood particles are then stored in a raw material silo. A drum screen (10mm aperture) is used to remove coarse impurities, a magnetic separator to remove metals, and manual sorting to remove non-degradable materials such as plastics and glass. After screening, the waste contains ≤5% impurities and has a moisture content of 40%. Finally, a screw extrusion solid-liquid separator is used to process livestock and poultry manure from tropical regions. The separated manure residue has a moisture content of 65% and an organic matter content of 48%.

[0024] It is understandable that the embodiments of this application selectively use naturally fermented biogas slurry from tropical farms as a source of microbial communities, which is highly adaptable to the tropical environment and provides a high-quality microbial foundation for subsequent fermentation. Trees, domestic waste, and manure are classified and finely processed, mixed at a mass ratio of 30%-40%, 40%-50%, and 10%-20%, respectively, with a carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 20-25:1 and a moisture content of 45%-55%. This ensures that the mixed raw materials are nutritionally balanced and meet the metabolic needs of heat-resistant microorganisms, significantly improving subsequent fermentation efficiency and biogas production. Simultaneously, it achieves resource utilization of various tropical biomass wastes, reduces raw material costs, and possesses both practical and environmental value.

[0025] In step S102, the mixed raw materials are sent into a covered, ventilated storage silo for rain and moisture protection.

[0026] In this embodiment, a temperature and humidity sensor and a forced ventilation device are installed inside the ventilated storage silo to control the internal temperature to ≤30℃, relative humidity to ≤60%, storage period to ≤7 days, and ventilation volume to 0.02-0.03m³. 3 / (m 3 (min), the bottom of the warehouse is equipped with a slope to prevent water accumulation, with a slope of 3%-5%.

[0027] Specifically, the ventilated storage silo is designed with a roof. The silo body is a steel structure, the roof is made of corrugated steel sheets, and insect-proof netting is installed around the perimeter. The silo floor has a 4% slope to prevent rainwater accumulation. Temperature and humidity sensors and axial flow fans are installed inside the silo. When the internal temperature exceeds 30℃ or the relative humidity exceeds 60%, the fan automatically starts, with a ventilation volume of 0.02-0.03 m³ / h. 3 / (m 3 •min); The raw material storage period is controlled within 7 days to avoid spoilage.

[0028] Understandably, this embodiment of the application, with its roofed steel structure silo, corrugated steel roof, and surrounding insect-proof netting, effectively prevents rain and moisture while blocking insect intrusion. Combined with a 4% slope at the bottom to prevent water accumulation, the structure completely avoids the problem of raw materials becoming damp due to rainwater accumulation. Temperature and humidity sensors inside the silo are linked to an axial flow fan, operating at a speed of 0.02-0.03m. 3 / (m 3 The precise ventilation volume (min) automatically regulates the internal environment of the warehouse, ensuring that the temperature is ≤30℃ and the relative humidity is ≤60%. At the same time, the storage period is strictly controlled within 7 days, which can effectively inhibit the growth of microorganisms in the tropical high temperature and high humidity environment, avoid the spoilage of raw materials, loss of nutrients and the generation of fermentation inhibitors, and ensure the stability of the physicochemical properties of mixed raw materials, providing a uniform and high-performance raw material foundation for subsequent inoculation and fermentation.

[0029] In step S103, thermophilic acid-producing bacteria and thermophilic methanogens are screened from biogas slurry naturally fermented in tropical regions. The thermotolerant bacterial population is acclimatized using a gradient temperature acclimatization method to the tolerance temperature, thereby obtaining the thermotolerant bacterial population.

[0030] The thermophilic acid-producing bacteria and thermophilic methanogens were isolated from biogas slurry using the dilution plate method, and the target strains were confirmed by morphological identification and physiological and biochemical tests.

[0031] The heat-resistant bacterial population was acclimatized using a gradient temperature increase method, reaching a tolerance temperature of 38-45℃. After acclimatization, the viable count of the bacterial population was ≥10. 8 CFU / mL.

[0032] In this embodiment of the application, a gradient temperature acclimatization method is used to acclimatize heat-resistant bacterial communities, including the following steps: A 10% concentration of mixed raw material leachate was used as the acclimatization culture medium, and the screened thermophilic acid-producing bacteria and thermophilic methanogens were inoculated into the culture medium. First, acclimatize and cultivate the organisms at a temperature of 30℃ for 3 days. After acclimatization at 30℃, the culture temperature is increased to 35℃ and maintained at this temperature for another 3 days. After acclimatization at 35℃, the culture temperature was further increased to 38℃, and acclimatization was continued at this temperature for 3 days. After acclimatization at 38℃, the culture temperature was increased to 42℃ and maintained at this temperature for acclimatization culture for 3 days. After acclimatization at 42℃, the culture temperature was finally increased to 45℃, and acclimatization culture was completed at this temperature for 3 days. After being acclimatized to the above-mentioned gradient temperatures, the bacterial community was acclimatized to a tolerance temperature of 45℃, and the target heat-resistant bacterial community was finally obtained.

[0033] For example, the screened strains were inoculated into a 10% mixed raw material extract culture medium, initially at 35°C, and cultured for 3 days. The temperature was then raised to 40°C, and after another 3 days, raised to 45°C. This temperature was maintained at 45°C for 9 days, with the culture medium replaced every 3 days. After acclimatization, the viable bacterial count reached 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. 8 The methane production rate was stabilized at 0.28 L / (L·d) at 42 °C with a concentration of CFU / mL.

[0034] It is understood that the embodiments of this application employ multi-stage gradient heating acclimatization, allowing the bacterial community to gradually adapt to the high-temperature environment (from 30°C to 45°C), which can significantly improve the activity and stability of the bacterial community under tropical high-temperature conditions (live count ≥10). 8 (CFU / mL), thus ensuring that biomass anaerobic fermentation maintains high and stable methanogenic efficiency in high-temperature environments, effectively solving the problem of decreased fermentation efficiency and microbial inactivation caused by temperature fluctuations in tropical regions.

[0035] In step S104, the mixed raw materials and thermoresistant bacteria are inoculated at a mass ratio of 100:8-10 and sent into a segmented fermenter for segmented anaerobic fermentation.

[0036] In this embodiment, the segmented fermenter includes a front section and a rear section. The front section is a high-temperature hydrolysis zone, and the rear section is a mesophilic fermentation zone. The volume ratio of the high-temperature hydrolysis zone to the mesophilic fermentation zone is 1:3. The high-temperature hydrolysis zone is heated by an external heating jacket, and the mesophilic fermentation zone uses the residual heat from the high-temperature hydrolysis zone to maintain its temperature. A pH sensor, a temperature sensor, and a stirring device are installed inside the tank to monitor and control the temperature and pH inside the tank.

[0037] Specifically, the steps of segmented anaerobic fermentation are as follows: Mix the raw materials with the thermoresistant bacteria at a mass ratio of 100:8-10, and then send the mixture into a segmented anaerobic fermenter. The temperature in the high-temperature hydrolysis zone of the fermenter is controlled at 55-60℃, and the residence time is 5-7 days, which accelerates the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose into small molecule organic acids. The degraded material enters the mesophilic fermentation zone of the fermenter, where the temperature is controlled at 38-42℃ and it stays for 15-20 days. Methanogenic bacteria convert organic acids into biogas. During fermentation, the stirring speed is 15-20 r / min, and the pH value in the tank is controlled to be 6.5-7.5 by automatically adding acid-base regulators; After the biogas is purified by a dehydrator (dew point temperature -20℃) and a desulfurization tower (iron oxide desulfurizing agent), it is stored in a biogas tank. The volume fraction of methane in the biogas is 60%.

[0038] For example, using a volume of 500m³ 3 The segmented anaerobic fermenter is divided into a high-temperature hydrolysis zone (125m). 3 ) and mesophilic fermentation zone (375m 3 The high-temperature hydrolysis zone is equipped with an electric heating jacket, and the mesophilic fermentation zone is connected to the high-temperature hydrolysis zone via heat exchange pipelines, utilizing the residual heat from the high-temperature hydrolysis zone to maintain the temperature. A pH sensor, temperature sensor, and stirring device are installed inside the tank. The mixed raw materials are mixed with acclimated heat-resistant bacteria at a mass ratio of 100:9 and fed into a segmented anaerobic fermenter. The temperature in the high-temperature hydrolysis zone is controlled at 58℃ for 6 days to accelerate the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose into small-molecule organic acids. The degraded material then enters the mesophilic fermentation zone, where the temperature is controlled at 40℃ for 18 days, allowing methanogenic bacteria to convert the organic acids into biogas. During fermentation, an automatic acid-base regulator is added to maintain the pH at 7.0, and the stirring speed is 18 r / min. The biogas produced is purified by a dehydrator (dew point temperature -20℃) and a desulfurization tower (iron oxide desulfurizer) before being stored in a biogas tank. The biogas contains 60% methane by volume, with a daily output of 9000 m³. 3 (Daily processing capacity: 30 tons of raw materials).

[0039] It is understood that the segmented anaerobic fermentation in this application embodiment achieves efficient and rapid degradation and stable gas production of biomass raw materials (especially cellulose) through precise partitioning and temperature control of the high-temperature hydrolysis zone (55-60℃) and the mesophilic fermentation zone (38-42℃), combined with highly active inoculation of thermotolerant bacteria. The high-temperature zone accelerates the hydrolysis and acidification of macromolecular organic matter, while the mesophilic zone optimizes the metabolic environment for methanogenic bacteria. Energy conservation is achieved through waste heat utilization between the two zones. Combined with automated control of pH and stirring, this not only significantly improves biogas yield and methane content (up to 60%), but also enhances the operational stability and process efficiency of the entire fermentation system in tropical high-temperature environments.

[0040] In step S105, the odor generated by the fermenter and storage silo is collected by the gas collection hood and then treated by the water washing tower and the biological filter.

[0041] Among them, the top of the fermentation tank and storage silo is equipped with a gas collection hood, and the odor is collected to the odor treatment system by the exhaust fan, with an odor collection efficiency of ≥98%.

[0042] Specifically, the odor treatment system includes water washing pretreatment and biodegradation. Water washing pretreatment is mainly completed through a water washing tower, while biodegradation is completed through a biofilter. The odorous gas first enters the water washing tower to remove dust and soluble ammonia nitrogen, reducing the ammonia nitrogen concentration by 40% after pretreatment. The treated odorous gas then enters the biofilter, where microorganisms use the pollutants in the odorous gas as a nutrient source to degrade malodorous substances such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia nitrogen. The purified exhaust gas is then discharged through a 15m high exhaust stack, with a hydrogen sulfide concentration ≤0.06mg / m³. 3 Ammonia concentration ≤1.5mg / m³ 3 It meets national standards.

[0043] In this embodiment of the application, the spray density of the water washing tower is 10-15m³. 3 / (m 2 ·h), the biological filter packing material is a mixture of coconut shell activated carbon and tropical plant debris, the packing layer height is 1.8-2.2m, and the tropical plant debris is palm leaf debris or coconut coir, which accounts for 30%-40% of the mass.

[0044] It should be noted that the water washing tower uses a 10-15m... 3 / (m 2 The spray density of ・h) effectively washes away water-soluble impurities and dust from odorous gases. A reasonable spray density range ensures purification effectiveness while avoiding excessive consumption of water and energy resources. The biofilter packing material uses a mixture of coconut shell activated carbon and tropical plant debris. It leverages the strong adsorption properties of coconut shell activated carbon to quickly capture harmful pollutants in the exhaust gas, while the porous structure of the tropical plant debris optimizes the packing porosity and increases the gas-liquid contact area. Furthermore, the use of local packing material significantly reduces raw material procurement and transportation costs, making it suitable for tropical applications. The 1.8-2.2m packing layer height, matched with the purification characteristics of the composite packing material, ensures sufficient contact time between the exhaust gas and the packing material, achieving efficient biodegradation of insoluble organic pollutants in the exhaust gas.

[0045] It is understood that the embodiments of this application achieve staged purification of exhaust gas through a combination of water washing and biological filter, with stable purification effect. Moreover, the process design is in line with the resource endowment of tropical regions, combining economy and practicality, and is suitable for the exhaust gas treatment needs of large-scale biomass fermentation.

[0046] In step S106, the data from the sensors installed in the ventilated storage silo and fermentation tank are monitored, and the process parameters of the corresponding processing are automatically adjusted.

[0047] Specifically, the monitoring and automatic control of ventilated storage silos revolves around the temperature and humidity environment of raw material storage. Temperature and humidity sensors installed inside the silo continuously collect temperature and relative humidity data and transmit the real-time data to the control system. The system has preset suitable thresholds for raw material storage: temperature ≤30℃ and relative humidity ≤60%. When the monitored data exceeds these thresholds, the control system automatically triggers the forced ventilation device inside the silo, operating at a speed of 0.02-0.03m. 3 / (m 3 The axial flow fan is activated at a ventilation rate of (min) to regulate ventilation until the temperature and humidity inside the silo return to the preset threshold, at which point the fan automatically shuts off. This closed-loop control effectively prevents problems such as raw material spoilage and nutrient loss caused by excessively high temperature and humidity inside the storage silo in tropical environments, ensuring the stability of the physicochemical properties of the mixed raw materials during storage.

[0048] For monitoring and automatic control of the fermenter, based on multi-dimensional data collected by pH and temperature sensors installed inside the tank, the system achieves coordinated and precise control of fermentation temperature, pH, and stirring, covering the entire fermentation process in both the high-temperature hydrolysis zone and the mesophilic fermentation zone. Regarding temperature control, sensors collect real-time temperature data from the high-temperature hydrolysis zone and the mesophilic fermentation zone. The preset temperature threshold for the high-temperature hydrolysis zone is 55-60℃. When the monitored temperature falls below the threshold, the control system automatically activates the electric heating jacket outside the high-temperature hydrolysis zone to provide heat, and automatically shuts off once the temperature reaches the target. The mesophilic fermentation zone relies on the residual heat from the high-temperature hydrolysis zone to maintain a preset temperature of 38-42℃. If the monitored temperature fluctuates, the system dynamically fine-tunes the temperature by adjusting the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange pipelines. Regarding pH control, sensors monitor the pH value of the fermentation system in the tank in real time. The preset suitable pH threshold for fermentation is 6.5-7.5. When the monitored pH value exceeds this range, the control system automatically activates the acid-base regulator dosing device to precisely add the acid-base regulator until the pH value of the fermentation system returns to the suitable range, thus stopping the addition and ensuring the metabolic activity of thermophilic acid-producing bacteria and thermophilic methanogens. Simultaneously, the stirring device operates stably at a preset speed of 15-20 r / min throughout the fermentation process. Combined with the control of temperature, humidity, and pH, this ensures sufficient contact between the fermentation material and the thermotolerant bacteria, improving the metabolic efficiency of the bacteria and the degradation and transformation of raw materials. This avoids problems such as decreased bacterial activity and reduced fermentation efficiency caused by imbalances in fermentation parameters, enhancing the stability and anti-interference ability of the anaerobic fermentation process in tropical environments.

[0049] It is understood that the embodiments of this application, through real-time monitoring of sensor data from the ventilation storage silo and fermentation tank, and automated, closed-loop control of process parameters, replace traditional manual monitoring and adjustment, significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of process operation and reducing human error and labor costs. Simultaneously, by setting specific process parameter thresholds and control logic tailored to the environmental characteristics of tropical regions, the entire biomass fermentation process can adapt to the hot and humid tropical environment, ensuring continuous and stable operation of each stage, ultimately improving overall fermentation efficiency and biogas production, and realizing the large-scale, intelligent application of the process.

[0050] The following is a detailed description of a method for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment, using a specific embodiment: Taking a large-scale biomass treatment project in a tropical region as an application scenario, the project processes 30 tons of mixed biomass raw materials, including trees, domestic waste, and livestock manure, per day. It utilizes the biomass treatment method described in this application to achieve biomass resource utilization. The operation and parameter control of each stage are as follows, achieving a daily biogas production of 9000 m³. 3 And the exhaust emissions meet the standards.

[0051] Local tropical broad-leaved trees were selected as raw materials and crushed into 2-5mm particles using a hammer mill (3mm screen aperture). These particles were then fed into a belt-type hot air dryer and dried at 65℃ for 2.5 hours. After drying, the moisture content of the tree particles was controlled at 12%, and they were stored in a raw material silo. Local household waste was collected, and after removing coarse impurities using a 10mm aperture drum screen and removing metal impurities using a magnetic separator, non-degradable materials such as plastics and glass were manually sorted to ultimately control the impurity content of the household waste at 4% and the moisture content at 40%. Livestock manure from local farms was processed using a screw extrusion solid-liquid separator to obtain manure residue with a moisture content of 65% and an organic matter content of 48%. The processed tree particles, screened household waste, and manure residue were then fed into a horizontal mixer at mass fractions of 35%, 45%, and 20%, respectively, and mixed for 18 minutes. Simultaneously, the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of the mixed raw materials was adjusted to 22:1, and the moisture content to 50%, resulting in a homogeneous mixed raw material.

[0052] The above-mentioned mixed raw materials are fed into a covered, ventilated steel-structured storage silo. The silo roof is made of corrugated steel sheets, and the sides are covered with insect-proof netting. The silo floor has a 4% slope to prevent water accumulation, structurally providing rain and moisture protection. Temperature and humidity sensors and axial flow fans are installed inside the silo. The control system is preset to maintain an internal temperature of ≤30℃, relative humidity of ≤60%, and a ventilation rate of 0.025m³ / h. 3 / (m 3•min), the raw material storage period is strictly controlled within 7 days; when the sensor detects that the temperature and humidity in the warehouse exceed the preset threshold, the axial flow fan automatically starts ventilation adjustment until the temperature and humidity return to the appropriate range and then shuts down, so as to avoid the spoilage and deterioration of raw materials caused by the tropical high temperature and high humidity environment and ensure the stability of the physical and chemical properties of raw materials.

[0053] Thermophilic acid-producing bacteria and thermophilic methanogens were isolated from naturally fermented biogas slurry from local livestock farms using the dilution plate method. After morphological identification and physiological and biochemical tests to confirm the target strains, a gradient temperature acclimation process was carried out. A 10% concentration of the mixed raw material leachate was used as the acclimation medium. The target strains were inoculated into the medium and initially acclimated at 30℃ for 3 days. Subsequently, the temperature was increased sequentially at 35℃, 38℃, 42℃, and 45℃, with each temperature gradient maintained for 3 days. After acclimation, the bacterial population tolerated a temperature of 45℃, and the viable cell count reached 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. 8 The methane production rate was stabilized at 0.28 L / (L・d) at 42℃, yielding a highly active thermostable bacterial community adapted to tropical environments.

[0054] 500m 3 The anaerobic digester is a segmented unit, with the interior divided into 125m sections. 3 High-temperature hydrolysis zone and 375m 3 The mesophilic fermentation zone (volume ratio 1:3) is equipped with an electric heating jacket outside the high-temperature hydrolysis zone. The mesophilic fermentation zone is connected to the high-temperature hydrolysis zone via heat exchange pipelines, utilizing residual heat to maintain the temperature. A pH sensor, temperature sensor, and stirring device are also installed inside the tank. The mixed raw materials and thermoresistant bacteria are thoroughly mixed at a mass ratio of 100:9 and then fed into the fermenter. The temperature in the high-temperature hydrolysis zone is precisely controlled at 58℃, where the material remains for 6 days, accelerating the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose into small-molecule organic acids. The degraded material then enters the mesophilic fermentation zone, where the temperature is controlled at 40℃, and the material remains for 18 days, where methanogenic bacteria convert the organic acids into biogas. Throughout the fermentation process, the stirring speed is maintained at 18 r / min to ensure full contact between the material and the microbial community. At the same time, the pH value in the tank is stabilized at 7.0 by automatically adding acid-base regulators to ensure the metabolic activity of the microbial community. The biogas produced by fermentation is dehydrated by a dehydrator with a dew point temperature of -20℃ and desulfurized by a desulfurization tower filled with iron oxide desulfurizing agent before being stored in a biogas tank. After purification, the methane volume fraction of the biogas is stably maintained at 60%.

[0055] Odor collection hoods are installed on the tops of both the fermentation tank and the storage silo. Exhaust fans collect the odorous gases into an odor treatment system, achieving an odor collection efficiency of over 98%. The collected odorous gases first enter a water scrubbing tower at a flow rate of 12m³. 3 / (m 2• h) Pre-treatment with water washing is performed using a spray density that efficiently removes dust and soluble ammonia nitrogen, reducing the ammonia nitrogen concentration by 40%. The odorous gas then enters a biological filter filled with a mixture of coconut shell activated carbon and palm leaf fragments (palm leaf fragments comprising 35% of the total mass). The filter layer is 2.0m high. Utilizing the strong adsorption properties of the coconut shell activated carbon and the porous structure of the palm leaf fragments, microorganisms within the filter degrade hydrogen sulfide, ammonia nitrogen, and other odorous substances. The treated exhaust gas is then discharged through a 15m high exhaust stack, with the hydrogen sulfide concentration controlled at 0.05mg / m³. 3 Ammonia concentration should be controlled at 1.2 mg / m³. 3 All meet national standards. Simultaneously, the control system collects real-time monitoring data from temperature and humidity sensors in the ventilation and storage silos, and temperature and pH sensors in the fermentation tank, enabling fully automated control throughout the process: axial flow fans automatically activate when the temperature and humidity in the storage silos exceed standards; electric heating jackets automatically activate when the temperature in the high-temperature hydrolysis zone of the fermentation tank falls below 58℃; and acid-base regulators are automatically added when the pH value deviates from 7.0. All control actions form a closed loop, requiring no manual intervention, ensuring continuous, stable, and efficient operation of the process in tropical environments.

[0056] In summary, this application's embodiments, designed based on the high temperature and humidity characteristics of the tropics, screened bacterial strains from biogas slurry from tropical farms and acclimatized them through gradient heating to obtain highly active, heat-resistant bacterial communities resistant to 45℃. Combined with targeted parameter settings for raw material pretreatment, storage, and fermentation, this perfectly solves the pain points of conventional processes in tropical environments, such as easy spoilage of raw materials, low bacterial activity, and poor fermentation efficiency. Through the refined classification and scientific compounding of tropical broadleaf trees, domestic waste, and livestock manure, the synergistic disposal and resource utilization of multiple types of biomass waste are achieved, reducing raw material costs and alleviating local solid waste pollution pressure; a 500m³... 3 The segmented anaerobic digester achieves functional zones for high-temperature hydrolysis and mesophilic fermentation. The high-temperature hydrolysis zone (58℃) efficiently promotes the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose into small-molecule organic acids, precursors for hydrogen production. The mesophilic fermentation zone (40℃) is adapted to the metabolic characteristics of the hydrogen-producing microbial community, enabling efficient conversion of organic acids into hydrogen. Furthermore, the cascade utilization of waste heat significantly reduces the energy consumption cost of the hydrogen production industry. Combined with a precise 100:9 inoculation ratio and intelligent closed-loop control of temperature, pH, and agitation during fermentation, the hydrogen-producing microbial community is always kept in an optimal metabolic environment, achieving a highly efficient connection between raw material degradation and hydrogen conversion, ultimately achieving a daily biogas production of 9000 m³. 3 It achieves a stable 60% methane volume fraction for efficient gas production; simultaneously, it efficiently collects odorous gases through a gas collection hood, and combines a water washing tower with a tropical native packing material and a biofilter for graded treatment, resulting in exhaust gas emissions far below national standards. Furthermore, the automated closed-loop control of the entire process, from material storage to fermentation, replaces manual operation, improving the accuracy and continuity of process operation. The overall process is adapted to the resource endowment and production conditions of tropical regions, with low operating costs, high gas production efficiency, and good environmental performance, possessing strong value for large-scale promotion and practical application significance.

[0057] The following examples and comparative examples will provide a detailed description of an anaerobic fermentation process for biomass in a tropical environment: Example 1 The mixed raw materials (carbon-nitrogen ratio 22:1, moisture content 50%) were mixed with thermoresistant bacteria at a mass ratio of 100:9, and the mixture was fed into a segmented anaerobic digester; the mixture was then fed into a 500m³ digester. 3 Segmented anaerobic digester (125m high-temperature hydrolysis zone) 3 375m medium-temperature fermentation zone 3 The temperature in the high-temperature hydrolysis zone is controlled at 58℃, and the material stays for 6 days. After degradation, the material enters the medium-temperature fermentation zone, where the temperature is controlled at 40℃, and the material stays for 18 days. During fermentation, the stirring speed is 18 r / min, and the pH value in the tank is stabilized at 7.0 by automatically adding acid-base regulators. The biogas produced by fermentation is purified by a dehydrator with a dew point temperature of -20℃ and a desulfurization tower filled with iron oxide desulfurizing agent before being stored in the biogas tank.

[0058] Example 2 The mixed raw materials (carbon-nitrogen ratio 20:1, moisture content 45%) were mixed with heat-resistant bacteria at a mass ratio of 100:8, and the mixture was fed into a 500m... 3 Segmented anaerobic digester (125m high-temperature hydrolysis zone) 3 375m medium-temperature fermentation zone 3 The temperature in the high-temperature hydrolysis zone is controlled at 55℃, and the material stays for 7 days. After degradation, the material enters the medium-temperature fermentation zone, where the temperature is controlled at 38℃, and the material stays for 20 days. During fermentation, the stirring speed is 15 r / min, and the pH value in the tank is stabilized at 6.5 by automatically adding acid-base regulators. The biogas produced by fermentation is purified by a dehydrator with a dew point temperature of -20℃ and a desulfurization tower filled with iron oxide desulfurizing agent before being stored in the biogas tank.

[0059] Comparative Example 1 The same batch of raw materials with similar physicochemical properties as in Example 1 were mixed with ordinary biogas slurry bacteria that had not undergone gradient temperature acclimatization at a mass ratio of 100:9. The mixture was then fed into a conventional single-zone anaerobic digester (500m³). 3 The fermentation temperature was controlled at 40℃ throughout the process, and the total material retention time was 24 days. The stirring speed was 18 r / min during the fermentation process, and the pH value in the tank was maintained at 6.5-7.5 by manually adding acid-base regulators. The biogas produced by fermentation was purified by the same dehydration and desulfurization device as in Example 1 and then stored in the biogas tank.

[0060] Performance testing The fermentation performance of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Example 1 was monitored for 30 consecutive days. The core indicators tested included: raw material cellulose degradation rate, hemicellulose degradation rate, daily biogas production (based on daily processing of 30 tons of raw material), methane volume fraction in biogas, and viable bacterial count (sampled and tested on the 15th day of fermentation). The performance test results are shown in Table 1.

[0061]

[0062] Table 1 Performance Test Results As shown in Table 1, the degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose in Examples 1 and 2 both reached over 86%, which is much higher than the approximately 60% of the comparative example. This is because the scheme adopts a segmented fermentation method. The high-temperature environment of 55-60℃ in the high-temperature hydrolysis zone can efficiently activate the enzyme production activity of the thermoresistant bacteria, accelerating the decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose. In contrast, the single-zone mesophilic environment of the comparative example cannot achieve rapid degradation of raw materials, and the common bacteria have a weak ability to decompose crude fiber.

[0063] The daily biogas production of Examples 1 and 2 reached 9014 m³, respectively. 3 8602m 3 The methane volume fraction remained stable at over 60%, while the comparative biogas daily output was only 4583 m³. 3 The methane volume fraction was less than 50%. This scheme adapts thermotolerant bacteria acclimated by gradient temperature increase to the tropical environment and the segmented fermentation temperature requirements, maintaining high viable cell counts and high metabolic activity throughout the fermentation process. The precise temperature control of 38-42℃ in the mesophilic fermentation zone perfectly matches the optimal metabolic temperature for methanogenic bacteria, achieving efficient conversion of organic acids into methane. In contrast, the activity of ordinary bacteria in the comparative proportion decreased significantly under the high temperature of the tropical environment, and single-zone fermentation could not simultaneously meet the needs of raw material degradation and methanogenic bacteria, resulting in significantly lower gas production efficiency and methane purity.

[0064] In Examples 1 and 2, the viable bacterial count of the entire bacterial community was maintained at 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ under high-temperature conditions of 30-38°C in the tropics. 8 With CFU / mL above 1000, parameters such as pH and temperature were automatically controlled and remained stable within a suitable range, preventing acidification and microbial inactivation during fermentation. In contrast, the viable count of ordinary microbial communities in the comparative ratio was only 3.5 × 10⁻⁶ under tropical high-temperature conditions. 6 The concentration of CFU / mL is limited, and artificial pH adjustment has a lag effect, occasionally leading to acidification of the fermentation system, which further reduces gas production efficiency.

[0065] In summary, the biomass fermentation process adapted to tropical environments proposed in this application, through the synergistic design of thermoresistant microbial communities and segmented anaerobic fermentation, combined with precise control of parameters such as temperature, pH, and stirring, achieves efficient degradation of raw materials and high-yield, high-quality biogas production in tropical high-temperature and high-humidity environments. Compared with conventional anaerobic fermentation processes, it has significant performance advantages and environmental adaptability.

[0066] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device may include: The memory 201, the processor 202, and the computer program stored on the memory 201 and capable of running on the processor 202.

[0067] When the processor 202 executes the program, it implements the anaerobic fermentation treatment method for biomass in a tropical environment provided in the above embodiments.

[0068] Furthermore, electronic devices also include: Communication interface 203 is used for communication between memory 201 and processor 202.

[0069] The memory 201 is used to store computer programs that can run on the processor 202.

[0070] The memory 201 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage.

[0071] If the memory 201, processor 202, and communication interface 203 are implemented independently, then the communication interface 203, memory 201, and processor 202 can be interconnected via a bus to complete communication between them. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 2 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0072] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 201, processor 202, and communication interface 203 are integrated on a single chip, then the memory 201, processor 202, and communication interface 203 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0073] The processor 202 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of this application.

[0074] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment.

[0075] This application also provides a computer program product, which stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment.

[0076] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0077] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "N" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0078] Any process or method described in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more N executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0079] It should be understood that the various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain biomass raw materials and biogas slurry naturally fermented in tropical regions, and pre-treat the biomass raw materials to obtain mixed raw materials; The mixed raw materials are sent into a covered, ventilated storage silo for rain and moisture protection. Thermophilic acid-producing bacteria and thermophilic methanogens were screened from the biogas slurry naturally fermented in the tropical region. The thermotolerant bacterial population was acclimatized using a gradient temperature acclimatization method until it reached the acclimatization temperature, thus obtaining the thermotolerant bacterial population. The mixed raw materials and the thermoresistant bacterial group were inoculated at a mass ratio of 100:8-10 and sent into a segmented fermenter for segmented anaerobic fermentation. Odors generated from the fermenter and storage silo are collected by a gas collection hood and then treated by a water scrubbing tower and a biological filter. The system monitors data from various sensors installed in the ventilated storage silos and fermentation tanks, and automatically adjusts the process parameters for the corresponding processing steps.

2. The method for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of pretreating the biomass raw materials to obtain a mixed raw material includes: The biomass raw materials include trees, household waste, and manure; The wood is crushed into particles with a diameter of 2-5 mm and dried with hot air until the moisture content is ≤15%. The hot air temperature for drying is 60-70℃ and the drying time is 2-3 hours. The municipal solid waste is screened by a drum screen, magnetically separated, and manually sorted to remove non-degradable impurities, with the impurity content controlled to be ≤5%. The feces are subjected to solid-liquid separation by screw extrusion to obtain fecal residue with a solid phase moisture content of ≤70%; Tree pellets, screened domestic waste, and manure residue are mixed in a horizontal mixer at mass fractions of 30%-40%, 40%-50%, and 10%-20%, respectively, for 15-20 minutes. The carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixed raw materials is adjusted to 20-25:1, and the moisture content is 45%-55%, to obtain the mixed raw materials.

3. The method for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilated storage silo is equipped with temperature and humidity sensors and a forced ventilation system to control the internal temperature to ≤30℃, relative humidity to ≤60%, storage period to ≤7 days, and ventilation volume to 0.02-0.03m³. 3 / (m 3 (min), the bottom of the warehouse is equipped with a slope to prevent water accumulation, with a slope of 3%-5%.

4. The method for anaerobic fermentation treatment of biomass in a tropical environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of acclimatizing heat-resistant bacterial communities using a gradient temperature increase method includes the following steps: A 10% concentration of mixed raw material leachate was used as the acclimatization culture medium, and the screened thermophilic acid-producing bacteria and thermophilic methanogens were inoculated into the culture medium. First, acclimatize and cultivate the organisms at a temperature of 30℃ for 3 days. After acclimatization at 30℃, the culture temperature is increased to 35℃ and maintained at this temperature for another 3 days. After acclimatization at 35℃, the culture temperature was further increased to 38℃, and acclimatization was continued at this temperature for 3 days. After acclimatization at 38℃, the culture temperature was increased to 42℃ and maintained at this temperature for acclimatization culture for 3 days. After acclimatization at 42℃, the culture temperature was finally increased to 45℃, and acclimatization culture was completed at this temperature for 3 days. After being acclimatized to the above-mentioned gradient temperatures, the bacterial community was acclimatized to a tolerance temperature of 45℃, and the target heat-resistant bacterial community was finally obtained.

5. The method for anaerobic fermentation treatment of biomass in a tropical environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The segmented fermenter includes a front section and a rear section. The front section is a high-temperature hydrolysis zone, and the rear section is a mesophilic fermentation zone. The volume ratio of the high-temperature hydrolysis zone to the mesophilic fermentation zone is 1:

3. The high-temperature hydrolysis zone is heated by an external heating jacket, and the mesophilic fermentation zone uses the residual heat from the high-temperature hydrolysis zone to maintain its temperature. A pH sensor, a temperature sensor, and a stirring device are installed inside the tank to monitor and control the temperature and pH inside the tank.

6. The method for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray density of the water washing tower is 10-15 m³ / h. 3 / (m 2 ·h), the biological filter packing material is a mixture of coconut shell activated carbon and tropical plant debris, the packing layer height is 1.8-2.2m, and the tropical plant debris is palm leaf debris or coconut coir, which accounts for 30%-40% by mass.

7. A tropical environment biomass anaerobic fermentation process, characterized in that, Mix the raw materials with the thermoresistant bacteria at a mass ratio of 100:8-10, and then send the mixture into a segmented anaerobic fermenter. The temperature in the high-temperature hydrolysis zone of the fermenter is controlled at 55-60℃, and the residence time is 5-7 days, which accelerates the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose into small molecule organic acids. The degraded material enters the mesophilic fermentation zone of the fermenter, where the temperature is controlled at 38-42℃ and it stays for 15-20 days. Methanogenic bacteria convert organic acids into biogas. During fermentation, the stirring speed is 15-20 r / min, and the pH value in the tank is controlled to be 6.5-7.5 by automatically adding acid-base regulators; The biogas is purified by a dehydrator (dew point temperature -20℃) and a desulfurization tower (iron oxide desulfurizing agent) and then stored in a biogas tank. The biogas contains 60% methane by volume.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement a method for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The program is executed by the processor to implement a method for anaerobic fermentation of biomass in a tropical environment as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program or instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program or instructions are executed, they implement the anaerobic fermentation treatment method for biomass in a tropical environment as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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