Automatic preparation method and system of etching sub-solution

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of printed circuit board etching, and aims at the problem of insufficient batch consistency caused by manual or semi-automatic operation in the preparation of etching sub-solution in the prior art, and provides an etching sub-solution automatic preparation method and system.The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a corresponding raw material formula according to the type of the etching sub-solution to be prepared; adding a preset volume of water into a stirring tank and adding the preparation raw materials in a preset order; stirring and dissolving at a preset temperature and for a preset dissolving time to obtain an initial etching sub-solution; automatically sampling and detecting to obtain a detection result; when the detection result does not meet the preset quality standard, automatically adjusting the raw material addition amount and / or the solution volume according to the deviation direction and deviation degree of the target parameters and repeating the detection until the standard is met; and after the standard is met, automatically conveying to a finished product storage tank.The present application realizes standardization and closed-loop control of the preparation process, improves the preparation efficiency and batch stability, and reduces the manual intervention and unqualified risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of printed circuit board etching, and more particularly to an automated method and system for preparing etching solution. Background Technology

[0002] Etching solutions are key process media used in the formation of circuit patterns during printed circuit board manufacturing. Their composition and stability directly affect the uniformity of circuit etching, linewidth accuracy, and finished product yield. Depending on the etching process and the etching system used, etching solutions can generally be divided into two categories: acidic etching solutions and alkaline etching solutions. Different types of etching solutions have different requirements for raw material composition, ratios, and process conditions.

[0003] In existing technologies, the preparation of etching solutions is mostly carried out manually or semi-automatically. Operators typically select the appropriate raw material formula based on experience or process documents, add water and various solid or liquid raw materials to a mixing tank, and manually control the stirring time and heating conditions to complete the dissolution process. In this process, the order and amount of raw material addition, as well as the dissolution temperature and time, all depend on manual operation, making precise control difficult and easily leading to compositional fluctuations between different batches. For example, patent CN104862703A provides an alkaline copper chloride etching solution for printed circuit boards. Its core idea is to control the key indicators of the etching solution through formula component design and combined with an automatic detection and feeding control method, maintaining the etching solution within the set process parameter range, thereby balancing etching quality and safety.

[0004] However, the above solutions focus more on the parameter control of the etching solution formulation and usage process, and fail to solve the more critical problems in mass production scenarios: the etching solution often lacks a fully automated preparation process in the preparation stage, including covering the selection of raw material formulation, sequential quantitative addition, temperature-controlled stirring and dissolution, closed-loop adjustment after unqualified testing, and automatic transfer after meeting the standards. As a result, the appearance, specific gravity and pH of different batches are still prone to fluctuation, affecting the stability of the solution supply and the production cycle.

[0005] Therefore, how to automate the preparation process of etching solutions, from raw material selection, sequential addition, controlled dissolution to detection, adjustment, and finished product transfer, has become a key technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an automated method and system for preparing etching solutions, which solves the problem in the prior art where the preparation of etching solutions relies on manual or semi-automatic operation and lacks automatic closed-loop control based on detection results, resulting in insufficient consistency of key quality parameters of different batches of etching solutions.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an automated method for preparing etching solution, the method comprising: According to the raw material formula corresponding to the type of etching solution to be prepared, the raw materials are obtained, wherein the type includes acidic etching solution and alkaline etching solution; Add a predetermined volume of water to the mixing tank, and add the preparation materials to the mixing tank in a predetermined order; The raw materials in the mixing tank are stirred and dissolved according to a preset temperature and a preset dissolution time to obtain an initial etching solution and generate a corresponding batch identifier. The initial etching solution is tested to obtain test results, wherein the test results include at least appearance test results, specific gravity test results, and pH test results; Based on the batch identifier, the test results are associated with the preparation process corresponding to the initial etching solution to obtain preparation process data; When the test results do not meet the preset quality standards, the raw material formula and / or the preset volume shall be adjusted according to the test results and the preparation process data. When the test results meet the preset quality standards, the prepared initial etching solution is automatically transported to the finished product storage tank.

[0008] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the acidic etching solution include solid sodium chloride, sodium chlorate solution, and acidic etching additive. Specifically, for every 5000 L of acidic etching solution prepared, the amount of sodium chloride added is 1000-1300 kg, the amount of sodium chlorate solution added (based on sodium chlorate) is 600-900 kg, and the amount of acidic etching additive added is 8-12 kg. Similarly, the raw materials for preparing the alkaline etching solution include solid ammonium chloride, ammonia, and alkaline etching additive. Specifically, for every 5000 L of alkaline etching solution prepared, the amount of ammonium chloride added is 1100-1400 kg, the volume of ammonia added is 2400-2800 L, and the amount of alkaline etching additive added is 8-12 kg.

[0009] Preferably, when the etching solution is an acidic etching solution, the step of adding a predetermined volume of water to the stirring tank and adding the preparation materials to the stirring tank in a predetermined order includes: The preset volume of water is metered into the mixing tank using an electronic flow meter, and the agitator is then started. With the stirrer activated, an acidic etching additive is automatically added to the mixing tank. After the acid etching additive is added, sodium chloride solid raw material is quantitatively added to the stirring tank through a quantitative conveying device; After the sodium chloride solid raw material is added, sodium chlorate solution is quantitatively injected into the stirred tank using an electronic flow meter.

[0010] Preferably, when the etching solution is an alkaline etching solution, the step of adding a preset volume of water to the stirring tank and adding the preparation materials to the stirring tank according to a preset sequence includes: The preset volume of water is metered into the mixing tank using an electronic flow meter, and the agitator is then started. Under the condition that the stirrer is started, an alkaline etching additive is automatically added to the stirring tank; After the alkaline etching additive is added, ammonium chloride solid raw material is quantitatively added to the stirring tank through a quantitative conveying device; After the ammonium chloride solid raw material is added, ammonia water is quantitatively injected into the stirring tank through an electronic flow meter.

[0011] Preferably, the step of stirring and dissolving the preparation raw materials in the stirring tank according to a preset temperature and a preset dissolution time to obtain the initial etching solution includes: The stirrer of the mixing tank is controlled to continuously stir and dissolve within the preset dissolution time; During the stirring and dissolving process, the temperature of the solution inside the stirring tank is acquired in real time by a temperature sensor; When the temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold, the steam heating module is automatically activated to heat the solution; When the temperature reaches the preset temperature range, the steam heating module is controlled to stop heating or enter a constant temperature control state to keep the solution temperature within the preset temperature range. At the end of the preset dissolution time, the initial etching solution is obtained.

[0012] Preferably, the preset temperature threshold is 25 degrees Celsius, the preset temperature range is 30~35 degrees Celsius, and the preset dissolution time is 30~60 minutes.

[0013] Preferably, the initial etching solution is tested to obtain the test results, including: The initial etching solution is automatically sampled according to a preset sampling amount to obtain the sample solution to be tested; The sample liquid to be tested is subjected to visual inspection to obtain the visual inspection results; The physical properties of the sample liquid to be tested were measured to obtain the specific gravity parameter; The sample solution to be tested is subjected to chemical parameter detection to obtain content parameters and pH test results. When the sample solution to be tested is an acidic etching solution, the content parameters include sodium chlorate content; when the sample solution to be tested is an alkaline etching solution, the content parameters include chloride ion content and alkali equivalent.

[0014] Preferably, when the test results do not meet the preset quality standards, the raw material formula and / or the preset volume are adjusted according to the test results and preparation process data, including: The test results are compared with the preset quality standard to determine at least one target parameter that deviates from the preset quality standard; Based on the deviation direction and degree of the target parameter and the preparation process data, a corresponding adjustment strategy is determined. The preparation process data includes the actual volume of water injected, the actual amount of raw materials added, the stirring and dissolving time, and the temperature change data of the solution during the stirring and dissolving process. The adjustment strategy includes correcting the amount of at least one raw material added and / or correcting the preset volume. The raw material formula and / or the preset volume are adjusted according to the adjustment strategy described above. The initial etching solution is adjusted according to the adjusted raw material formula and / or preset volume; The process of returning the adjusted initial etching solution to test the initial etching solution and obtaining the test results continues until the test results meet the preset quality standard.

[0015] Preferably, determining the corresponding adjustment strategy based on the deviation direction and degree of the target parameter and the preparation process data includes: The detection results are compared with the corresponding preset quality standards to determine the deviation direction of at least one target parameter relative to the preset quality standards. Obtain the degree of deviation of the target parameter relative to the preset quality standard, wherein the degree of deviation characterizes the extent to which the target parameter deviates from the preset range; Historical preparation process data that are of the same type as the etching solution and whose test results meet the preset quality standards are identified as target process data. The current preparation process data is compared with the target process data to obtain the process deviation parameters; Based on the direction and degree of deviation of the target parameter and the process deviation parameter, the corresponding adjustment object is determined; Based on the degree of deviation, the initial adjustment amount of the adjustment object is obtained; The initial adjustment amount is adjusted according to the process deviation parameter to obtain the adjustment amount of the adjustment object; Based on the adjustment object and the adjustment amount, obtain the corresponding adjustment strategy.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide an automated etching solution preparation system, the system comprising: a stirring tank, an automatic feeding unit, a temperature monitoring and heating unit, an automatic sampling and detection unit, a finished product storage tank, and a controller; wherein, the automatic feeding unit is connected to the stirring tank and is used to quantitatively add preparation raw materials to the stirring tank; the temperature monitoring and heating unit is connected to the stirring tank and is used to monitor the temperature of the solution in the stirring tank and to heat and regulate the solution in the stirring tank when the temperature does not meet preset conditions; the automatic sampling and detection unit is connected to the stirring tank and is used to automatically sample and detect the initial etching solution formed in the stirring tank to obtain detection results; the stirring tank is connected to the finished product storage tank and is used to transport the etching solution to the finished product storage tank when the detection results meet preset quality standards; the controller is signal-connected to the automatic feeding unit, the temperature monitoring and heating unit, the automatic sampling and detection unit, the stirring tank, and the finished product storage tank, respectively, and is used to execute the method of the first aspect.

[0017] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The automated etching solution preparation method and system provided in this invention automatically matches the corresponding raw material formula according to the type of etching solution to be prepared, achieving orderly differentiation and correct material selection of acidic and alkaline etching solutions in the same preparation process, avoiding formula selection errors caused by manual judgment; by adding a preset volume of water to the mixing tank and adding the preparation raw materials in a preset order, the addition process of each raw material has a definite order and stable process conditions, which is conducive to the full dissolution of raw materials and reduces uneven dissolution or performance fluctuations caused by improper addition order; by stirring and dissolving the preparation raw materials under preset temperature and preset dissolution time conditions, the dissolution process is kept under control, reducing the impact of changes in ambient temperature or differences in human operation on the etching solution preparation results; by detecting the initial etching solution and obtaining at least appearance, specific gravity and pH values. The detection results allow for the effective identification of key quality indicators of the etching solution during the preparation stage. When the detection results do not meet the preset quality standards, the raw material formula and / or preset volume are automatically adjusted, forming a closed-loop adjustment mechanism based on the detection results. This avoids relying on repeated corrections based on human experience, thereby improving the consistency of the preparation results. When the detection results meet the preset quality standards, the etching solution is automatically transported to the finished product storage tank, achieving seamless connection between preparation and discharge. Therefore, this invention can significantly improve the automation and stability of the etching solution preparation process, reduce the uncertainty caused by human intervention, improve the consistency of key parameters of different batches of etching solution, and provide stable and reliable solution supply conditions for subsequent etching processes. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, and these are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an automated preparation method for etching solution according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is another schematic diagram of an automated preparation method for etching solution according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is another schematic diagram of an automated preparation method for etching solution according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is another schematic flowchart of an automated method for preparing etching solution according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described in detail. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only configured to explain the present invention and are not configured to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the invention.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0025] Example 1 Please see Figure 1-4This invention provides an automated method for preparing etching solution, the method comprising: S1. Obtain the raw materials according to the raw material formula corresponding to the type of etching solution to be prepared, wherein the type includes acidic etching solution and alkaline etching solution; At the start of preparation, the type of etching solution corresponding to the current batch is first identified, and a matching raw material formula is selected accordingly. The raw materials are then acquired and prepared according to this formula. The core of this approach is to transform type switching from manual judgment to a predetermined action within the process, ensuring the correct separation of acidic and alkaline etching solutions before they are added. This reduces the risk of raw material mixing, omissions, or mismatches, and establishes a unified formula basis for subsequent sequential addition, controlled dissolution, and quality assessment.

[0026] S2. Add a preset volume of water to the mixing tank, and add the preparation raw materials to the mixing tank in a preset order; A predetermined volume of water is then added to the mixing tank to create a stable liquid phase. The raw materials are then added sequentially according to a predetermined order. The predetermined volume of water provides a fixed volume basis for dissolution and dilution, while the predetermined order constrains the order in which different raw materials are added, preventing sudden increases in local concentration, material agglomeration, or uneven dispersion. With the feeding process fixed in terms of both order and volume, a uniform mixing state is more easily achieved, and batch-to-batch variations are reduced.

[0027] S3. Stir and dissolve the raw materials in the stirring tank according to the preset temperature and preset dissolution time to obtain the initial etching solution and generate the corresponding batch identifier; In this step, the preset temperature refers to the target temperature condition used to constrain the thermal state of the solution during the stirring and dissolving stage. For example, maintaining the solution temperature at 30 to 35 degrees Celsius can increase the dissolution rate of solid salts and reduce the probability of crystallization back precipitation. The preset dissolution time refers to the time window from the start of stirring to the end of dissolution, such as 30 to 60 minutes. The batch identifier refers to the unique identification information used to mark the preparation process of this initial etching solution, which is used to link the batch's material feeding, temperature control, dissolution time, and subsequent test results for easy traceability. Compared with the experience-based operation of stirring until it feels roughly the same, the introduction of temperature and time constraints allows the stirring and dissolution process to be repeated under the same conditions, reducing fluctuations caused by environmental temperature differences, raw material batch differences, or operating habits, such as insufficient dissolution, local concentration gradients, or overheating. This makes the mixed state of the resulting initial etching solution more stable, providing a consistent sample solution basis for subsequent appearance, specific gravity, and pH tests. The batch identifier is generated at this time and bound to the key process parameters of the dissolution stage. This ensures that if subsequent tests fail or adjustments to the formula and volume are required, the temperature and time of the dissolution process can be quickly located, avoiding confusion between formula deviations and dissolution deviations, thereby improving the targeting and efficiency of closed-loop adjustments.

[0028] S4. The initial etching solution is tested to obtain test results, wherein the test results include at least appearance test results, specific gravity test results and pH test results; After the initial etching solution is formed, it directly enters the testing phase to obtain test results, covering at least three key indicators: appearance, specific gravity, and pH. Appearance can reflect the presence of visual abnormalities such as turbidity, suspended matter, or incomplete dissolution; specific gravity can be used to characterize the overall concentration and ratio deviation of the solution; pH reflects whether the acidity or alkalinity falls within the target range. By introducing these three indicators at the preparation stage, deviations in raw material addition, volume errors, or abnormal dissolution states can be detected early, preventing substandard products from entering the downstream process.

[0029] S5. Based on the batch identifier, associate and record the test results with the preparation process corresponding to the initial etching solution to obtain preparation process data; By using batch identification, the test results are linked to the preparation process corresponding to the initial etching solution. This means binding the batch's appearance, specific gravity, and pH test results, along with process information such as material addition, dissolution time, and temperature control, into a single record, thus forming complete preparation process data. The purpose of this step is to prevent test data from becoming detached from preparation process parameters, ensuring that each set of test results can be traced back to its corresponding preparation conditions. This provides a basis for determining the source of deviation when tests fail. This linked recording method clarifies whether parameter deviations are caused by raw material addition, volume setting, or dissolution process control, thereby improving the targeting of subsequent adjustments to raw material formulations or preset volumes, reducing fluctuations caused by blind corrections, and making the entire preparation process more stable and traceable.

[0030] S6. When the test results do not meet the preset quality standards, the raw material formula and / or the preset volume shall be adjusted. This step is used to correct the preparation process when the test results do not meet the preset quality standards. By adjusting the raw material formulation and / or correcting the solution volume for the test parameters that do not meet the requirements, the key indicators of the etching solution gradually converge towards the preset quality standards. This adjustment process is triggered based on the test results, avoiding the reliance on repeated trial and error based on manual experience, which helps to form a stable closed-loop adjustment mechanism, thereby improving the controllability and consistency of the preparation results.

[0031] In one specific embodiment, as shown in Table 1, the preset quality standards for acidic etching solutions and alkaline etching solutions are provided.

[0032] Table 1. Preset quality standards for acidic and alkaline etching solutions As shown in Table 1, the preset quality standards set control ranges for appearance, specific gravity, key component content and pH for acidic and alkaline etching solutions, respectively, which are used as the basis for finished product judgment and automatic adjustment.

[0033] For acidic etching solutions, the appearance should be clear and colorless or slightly amber, indicating that the solution should be clear and without obvious abnormalities; the specific gravity standard is 1.30±0.05, used to ensure that the overall concentration of the solution is within a stable range; the sodium chlorate content standard is 120~200 g / L, serving as the content control range for key components of acidic etching solutions; the pH standard is 7.5±1.0, used to limit the acidity or alkalinity of the solution to the target range to ensure the stability of the system.

[0034] For alkaline etching solutions, the appearance requirement is a clear and transparent liquid, indicating that the solution should be free of turbidity or suspension; the specific gravity standard is 1.2±0.03, used to constrain the overall concentration stability of the solution; the alkali equivalent standard is 4.9±0.5 mol / L, used to characterize the alkalinity and as one of the key chemical indicators; the Cl⁻ content standard is 130~200 g / L, used to limit the chloride ion content to within the target range; and the pH standard is 9.4~10.6, used to ensure that the solution's acidity and alkalinity remain stable within the alkaline range.

[0035] By setting the above quality standards, the system can adopt a unified detection and judgment framework for different types of etching solutions, and trigger subsequent automatic adjustment processes when the detection results exceed the corresponding range.

[0036] S7. When the test results meet the preset quality standards, the prepared initial etching solution is automatically transported to the finished product storage tank.

[0037] This step is used to output the etching solution as a qualified product after confirming that its quality meets the requirements. By automatically transporting the initial etching solution that meets the preset quality standards to the finished product storage tank, a seamless connection is achieved between the preparation process and the finished product storage, avoiding contamination or operational errors that may be introduced during manual transfer. This step marks the completion of the preparation process for a single batch of etching solution and provides a reliable guarantee for a stable supply of solution in the future. Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the acidic etching solution include solid sodium chloride, sodium chlorate solution, and acidic etching additive. Specifically, for every 5000 L of acidic etching solution prepared, the amount of sodium chloride added is 1000-1300 kg, the amount of sodium chlorate solution added (based on sodium chlorate) is 600-900 kg, and the amount of acidic etching additive added is 8-12 kg. Similarly, the raw materials for preparing the alkaline etching solution include solid ammonium chloride, ammonia, and alkaline etching additive. Specifically, for every 5000 L of alkaline etching solution prepared, the amount of ammonium chloride added is 1100-1400 kg, the volume of ammonia added is 2400-2800 L, and the amount of alkaline etching additive added is 8-12 kg.

[0038] For acidic etching solutions, sodium chloride, sodium chlorate solution, and acidic etching additives are used as raw materials. Sodium chlorate is the main active ingredient, providing the oxidizing components required for etching. Sodium chloride provides a stable chloride ion environment, and the acidic etching additives regulate the etching reaction rate and system stability. By limiting the amount of sodium chloride (1000-1300 kg), sodium chlorate (600-900 kg based on active ingredient), and additives (8-12 kg) to each 5000 L of acidic etching solution prepared, a balance is achieved between etching capacity and stability. This avoids a decrease in etching rate due to insufficient active ingredients or system instability due to excessively high concentrations.

[0039] For the alkaline etching solution, ammonium chloride, ammonia, and alkaline etching additives are used as raw materials. Ammonium chloride provides the chloride ion source, ammonia creates an alkaline environment and participates in the copper complexation reaction, and the alkaline etching additives regulate the uniformity and stability of the reaction process. By limiting the amount of ammonium chloride (1100-1400 kg), ammonia (2400-2800 L), and additives (8-12 kg) to the preparation of 5000 L of alkaline etching solution, the system can be maintained within a suitable reaction range for PCB alkaline etching, avoiding pH low due to insufficient ammonia or system fluctuations due to excessive ammonia.

[0040] In one specific embodiment, when preparing 5000 L of acidic etching solution, the amount of sodium chloride added is 1200 kg, the amount of sodium chlorate solution added is 750 kg (calculated as sodium chlorate), and the amount of acidic etching additive added is 10 kg. The raw materials for preparing alkaline etching solution include ammonium chloride solid raw material, ammonia water, and alkaline etching additive. Specifically, when preparing 5000 L of alkaline etching solution, the amount of ammonium chloride added is 1250 kg, the volume of ammonia water added is 2600 L, and the amount of alkaline etching additive added is 10 kg.

[0041] In this embodiment, using a single batch size of 5000 L as the preparation standard, the acidic and alkaline etching solutions are respectively mapped to directly executable feed lists, transforming the formulation from a proportional description into quantitative addition parameters that can be implemented in engineering. For the acidic etching solution, 1200 kg of sodium chloride is added in a single batch to establish the basic salinity and concentration levels of the solution, and 750 kg of sodium chlorate solution is added (calculated as sodium chlorate) to ensure that the key components reach the target content. 10 kg of acidic etching additive is added to assist in adjusting the system state. The addition of the above three types of raw materials in fixed batches is beneficial for stably obtaining the target appearance, specific gravity, and pH at the 5000 L scale. For alkaline etching solutions, 1250 kg of ammonium chloride is added per batch to provide a source of chloride ions and stabilize the salt concentration, while 2600 L of ammonia is added to form and maintain the required alkaline environment, thereby supporting the pH and alkali equivalent to reach the target range. 10 kg of alkaline etching additive is added to improve the system stability and process adaptability. By unifying the addition of ammonium chloride, ammonia, and additives to a 5000 L batch standard, it is easier to maintain batch consistency in key parameters such as chloride ion content, specific gravity, pH, and alkali equivalent of the alkaline etching solution. This also provides a clear adjustment baseline for adding ammonium chloride or ammonia or diluting with water when subsequent tests fail.

[0042] By specifying the above-mentioned addition ratio and dosage in the preferred embodiment and incorporating them into the control objects of the automated preparation process, different batches of etching solutions can maintain a high degree of consistency in key indicators such as appearance, specific gravity and pH, thereby providing stable and reliable solution conditions for subsequent etching processes.

[0043] Preferably, when the etching solution is an acidic etching solution, the step of adding a predetermined volume of water to the stirring tank and adding the preparation materials to the stirring tank in a predetermined order includes: S1-21. Inject the preset volume of water into the mixing tank using an electronic flow meter, and start the agitator; First, the influent flow rate is quantitatively controlled using an electronic flow meter to establish a stable liquid reference volume within the mixing tank, providing a consistent volume reference for subsequent addition of raw materials according to the formula ratio. Simultaneously, the agitator is activated to maintain continuous liquid flow within the tank, facilitating rapid dispersion of subsequently added additives and solid raw materials and reducing localized concentration spikes. By quantifying the water volume and synchronizing it with the agitation, batch fluctuations caused by errors in manual water addition or variations in the timing of agitation activation can be reduced.

[0044] S1-22. Under the condition that the stirrer is started, an acidic etching additive is automatically added to the stirring tank; Adding the acidic etching additive while stirring is already in progress allows it to disperse quickly in the liquid phase and form a relatively uniform initial system. This addition sequence, placing the additive before the solid salt raw materials, helps maintain system stability during subsequent dissolution and prevents the additive from affecting the solution's appearance, specific gravity, or pH due to localized high concentrations or uneven dispersion. The automated addition method further reduces deviations caused by manual weighing and addition, making the amount of additive introduced more controllable.

[0045] S1-23. After the acid etching additive is added, sodium chloride solid raw material is quantitatively added to the stirring tank through a quantitative conveying device. After the additives have been added and are in a stirred and dispersed state, the sodium chloride solid raw material is then added through a metering device. This allows the solid raw material to have better wetting and dispersion conditions when entering the tank, reducing uneven dissolution caused by clumping or sedimentation. The metering device controls the amount added, making the sodium chloride addition process repeatable and reducing the addition deviations that are easily caused by manual bagging. This helps to stabilize the specific gravity and salt concentration levels of the subsequently formed solution.

[0046] S1-24. After the addition of the sodium chloride solid raw material is completed, a sodium chlorate solution is quantitatively injected into the stirred tank through an electronic flow meter.

[0047] After the sodium chloride solid feedstock is added, a quantitative amount of sodium chlorate solution is then injected. This allows for precise control of the liquid feedstock addition via an electronic flow meter, establishing a clear process sequence with the preceding solid feedstock addition. This sequence helps maintain controllability as the system gradually builds up the salt concentration, preventing rapid concentration changes caused by premature addition of large amounts of liquid feedstock that could affect the dissolution state. Quantitative injection of the sodium chlorate solution further reduces batch variations caused by metering errors in the liquid feedstock, providing a more stable foundation for subsequent stirring, dissolution, and testing.

[0048] Preferably, when the etching solution is an alkaline etching solution, the step of adding a preset volume of water to the stirring tank and adding the preparation materials to the stirring tank according to a preset sequence includes: S2-21. Inject the preset volume of water into the mixing tank using an electronic flow meter, and start the agitator; In the initial stage of alkaline etching solution preparation, a predetermined volume of water is metered into the stirred tank using an electronic flow meter to establish a stable and repeatable liquid phase volume. The stirrer is then activated to maintain continuous liquid flow, creating a uniform mixing environment for the subsequent dispersion and dissolution of various raw materials. By quantitatively controlling the water inflow and coordinating the stirring action with the water inflow process, fluctuations in the initial state of the system caused by differences in water volume or stirring start-up timing between different batches can be reduced.

[0049] S2-22. Under the condition that the stirrer is started, an alkaline etching additive is automatically added to the stirring tank; Adding the alkaline etching additive after the stirrer has been started and a stable liquid flow has been established allows the additive to disperse rapidly throughout the liquid system, preventing localized enrichment or deposition. Adding the alkaline etching additive before the solid raw materials helps to regulate the system's state during the subsequent ammonium chloride dissolution and alkaline environment establishment process, thereby improving the overall stability of the solution. Using an automated addition method further reduces random errors caused by manual weighing and addition.

[0050] S2-23. After the alkaline etching additive is added, ammonium chloride solid raw material is quantitatively added to the stirring tank through a quantitative conveying device. After the alkaline etching additive has been added and fully dispersed, ammonium chloride solid raw material is added to the stirred tank via a quantitative delivery device. This ensures good dispersion of the solid raw material upon entering the liquid phase, reducing the probability of agglomeration or localized high concentrations. The quantitative delivery device controls the amount of ammonium chloride added, making the addition process of the solid raw material more stable and controllable, thus helping to maintain batch consistency of salt concentration and specific gravity parameters in the alkaline etching sub-solution.

[0051] S2-24. After the ammonium chloride solid raw material is added, ammonia water is quantitatively injected into the stirring tank through an electronic flow meter.

[0052] After the ammonium chloride solid raw material has been added and is in a stirred and dispersed state, ammonia water is quantitatively injected into the stirred tank using an electronic flow meter. This ensures clear metering control and a precise process sequence for the introduction of the alkaline component. This sequence helps to gradually establish the required alkaline environment after the solid salts have been largely dispersed, preventing rapid changes in the system's pH caused by premature addition of large amounts of ammonia water, which could affect the dissolution state. Quantitative control of the ammonia water addition volume further reduces batch fluctuations in pH and composition of the alkaline etching solution, providing a stable basis for subsequent dissolution control and quality testing.

[0053] Preferably, the step of stirring and dissolving the preparation raw materials in the stirring tank according to a preset temperature and a preset dissolution time to obtain the initial etching solution includes: S31. Control the stirrer of the mixing tank to continuously stir and dissolve within the preset dissolution time; After the materials are fed in, the stirring process is continuously executed within a preset dissolution time, which is equivalent to transforming the dissolution process from an experience-based operation into a reproducible process parameter. Continuous stirring can maintain the solution in a uniformly mixed state, reduce phenomena such as solid raw material sedimentation, local high concentrations, or dead zones, and allow the raw materials to gradually and evenly dissolve throughout the entire volume. By constraining the stirring time, it is also convenient to take samples at fixed time points in subsequent testing, improving the comparability between batches.

[0054] S32. When the stirrer is started, a corresponding batch identifier is generated, and the batch identifier is associated with the process parameters of this stirring and dissolving process and recorded. Generating a batch identifier upon stirring start-up means creating the identifier simultaneously with the start of the stirring and dissolving process, and using it as an index for this preparation process. Associating the batch identifier with process parameters means storing the process parameters in correspondence with the batch identifier, ensuring these parameters clearly belong to the same stirring and dissolving process. By completing identifier generation and association recording at the start-up stage, it ensures that temperature changes and time execution throughout the dissolving process are included within the same batch's data range, avoiding data confusion between different batches. This provides a foundation for establishing a one-to-one correspondence between subsequent test results and the preparation process, enabling accurate tracing of the dissolving conditions of the batch in case of test deviations, thus improving the reliability of process analysis and adjustments.

[0055] S33. During the stirring and dissolving process, the temperature of the solution in the stirring tank is obtained in real time by a temperature sensor; The dissolution process is significantly affected by temperature, and simply relying on "stirring for a period of time" is insufficient to guarantee consistent dissolution states under different seasons and environmental conditions. Therefore, real-time monitoring of the solution temperature during stirring is crucial. This makes temperature an online monitoring parameter for the dissolution process, promptly reflecting whether the dissolution environment deviates from the set range and providing a criterion for whether subsequent heating is needed and when to stop heating. This measure provides a feedback basis for the dissolution process, reducing dissolution delays caused by low temperatures or system fluctuations caused by high temperatures.

[0056] S34. When the temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold, the steam heating module is automatically turned on to heat the solution; Heating is triggered when the temperature falls below a threshold, meaning it's not always on, but only intervenes when "low temperatures affect dissolution." This avoids prolonged dissolution time due to decreased dissolution rate at low temperatures, while also reducing unnecessary energy consumption and the risk of overheating. The automatic activation of the steam heating module ensures timely and consistent temperature compensation, reducing temperature fluctuations and batch variations caused by manual intervention.

[0057] S35. When the temperature reaches the preset temperature range, control the steam heating module to stop heating or enter the constant temperature control state so that the solution temperature is maintained within the preset temperature range. Once the temperature reaches the target range, heating is stopped or the system enters a constant-temperature state. The purpose is to stabilize the temperature within the preset range and prevent further temperature increases that could cause fluctuations in the system's state. Maintaining the solution temperature within the preset range helps ensure a sufficient dissolution rate while avoiding fluctuations in solution parameters caused by excessively high temperatures, thus resulting in more stable subsequent test results for appearance, specific gravity, and pH. This control logic, combined with the aforementioned "low-temperature triggered heating," forms a controlled dissolution process that "compensates when needed and stabilizes after reaching the target."

[0058] S36. When the preset dissolution time ends, the initial etching solution is obtained.

[0059] Once the preset dissolution time is reached, the solution in the tank is output as the initial etching solution, marking the end of the dissolution stage and the start of the detection stage. Because the preceding steps have constrained the stirring time and dissolution temperature, the initial etching solution typically has a more uniform component distribution and more repeatable formation conditions. This facilitates sampling and testing at fixed points in time, reduces detection fluctuations caused by inconsistent dissolution levels, and provides a stable basis for subsequent quality assessment and closed-loop adjustments.

[0060] Preferably, the preset temperature threshold is 25 degrees Celsius, the preset temperature range is 30~35 degrees Celsius, and the preset dissolution time is 30~60 minutes.

[0061] In this preferred embodiment, a preset temperature threshold of 25 degrees Celsius is set as the criterion for determining whether heating control needs to be activated. This is based on a comprehensive consideration of the relationship between the raw material dissolution efficiency and ambient temperature under normal production conditions. When the solution temperature is below this threshold, the dissolution rate of some solid raw materials decreases significantly, which can easily lead to prolonged dissolution time or incomplete dissolution. Therefore, automatically activating heating below this temperature threshold helps to avoid the impact of low temperature conditions on preparation efficiency and dissolution uniformity.

[0062] Meanwhile, the preset temperature range is controlled between 30 and 35 degrees Celsius, ensuring the dissolution process takes place within a relatively mild and stable temperature range. On the one hand, this temperature range effectively increases the dissolution rate of the raw materials, shortening the time required to reach a homogeneous state; on the other hand, it avoids excessively high temperatures that could cause fluctuations in the solution state or adversely affect the stability of the system, thus achieving a balance between dissolution efficiency and system stability. By stopping heating or entering a constant temperature control state after reaching this temperature range, the dissolution process can be made more stable and controllable.

[0063] Furthermore, setting the preset dissolution time to 30-60 minutes provides a clear time boundary for the stirring and dissolution process. Within this time range, combined with the aforementioned temperature control measures, various raw materials can be fully dispersed in the tank and achieve a relatively stable mixing state, while avoiding reduced production cycle time or unnecessary energy consumption due to excessively long dissolution times. Limiting the dissolution time also facilitates the formation of uniform process conditions across different batches, improving the repeatability of the initial etching solution formation stage.

[0064] By coordinating the setting of the temperature threshold, temperature range, and dissolution time, the stirring and dissolution process is made to have both automatic compensation capability and to maintain a stable and controllable process window, thereby providing more consistent initial conditions for subsequent testing and quality adjustment.

[0065] Preferably, the initial etching solution is tested to obtain the test results, including: S41. Automatically sample the initial etching solution according to the preset sampling amount to obtain the sample solution to be tested; After the initial etching solution is formed, automatic sampling using a preset sampling volume standardizes the test samples from the source. On one hand, the preset sampling volume ensures consistent sampling conditions across different batches, preventing fluctuations in test results due to arbitrary changes in sampling volume. On the other hand, automatic sampling reduces problems such as contamination, inconsistent sampling locations, or inconsistent sampling times associated with manual sampling, making the test sample more representative of the actual state within the mixing tank. This step provides a stable and comparable sample basis for subsequent appearance, specific gravity, and chemical parameter testing.

[0066] S42. Perform an appearance inspection on the sample liquid to be tested and obtain the appearance inspection results; Visual inspection is a rapid assessment of solution condition, directly reflecting the presence of turbidity, suspended matter, significant sedimentation, or abnormal color. These anomalies are often related to incomplete dissolution, uneven mixing, or deviations in the raw material addition process. Therefore, performing visual inspection first in the testing process serves as preliminary verification of the dissolution stage results. Obtaining visual inspection results allows for the timely identification of "obviously non-compliant" states, avoiding wasted time on abnormal samples in subsequent parameter testing and providing a reference for whether to trigger adjustments.

[0067] S43. Perform physical property parameter testing on the sample liquid to be tested to obtain the specific gravity parameter; Specific gravity is a key physical property for etching solutions, comprehensively reflecting the overall concentration level and proportion deviations. Since both acidic and alkaline etching solutions contain a certain proportion of salts or solutes, specific gravity is highly sensitive to changes in raw material dosage, water volume, and dissolution state. By detecting specific gravity, it is possible to quickly determine whether deviations in water volume or solute addition have caused the overall concentration to deviate from the target range, thus providing a clear quantitative basis for subsequent closed-loop adjustments.

[0068] S44. Perform chemical parameter detection on the sample solution to obtain content parameters and pH detection results, wherein when the sample solution to be tested is an acidic etching solution, the content parameters include sodium chlorate content; when the sample solution to be tested is an alkaline etching solution, the content parameters include chloride ion content and alkali equivalent.

[0069] Chemical parameter testing is used to confirm the key chemical composition and acidity / alkalinity of the etching solution, allowing the test results to directly correlate with whether the raw material system meets the standards. pH is a fundamental indicator for determining whether the solution's acidity / alkalinity is within the target range, reflecting whether the acid-base balance of the system has deviated during the preparation process. Content parameters correspond to the core components of different types of etching solutions: for acidic etching solutions, sodium chlorate content is selected as the content parameter, which helps to directly verify whether the addition of this key component has reached the target level; for alkaline etching solutions, chloride ion content and alkali equivalent are selected as content parameters, which can characterize the system state from the perspectives of salt composition and alkalinity strength, respectively. By obtaining chemical test results that include content parameters and pH, subsequent adjustments can be directed towards a clearer direction for raw material or water quantity correction, improving adjustment efficiency and batch consistency.

[0070] Preferably, when the test results do not meet the preset quality standards, adjustments are made to the raw material formula and / or the preset volume, including: S61. Compare the test results with the preset quality standard to determine at least one target parameter that deviates from the preset quality standard; After obtaining the initial etching solution test results, each test indicator is compared with the preset quality standard to determine if any requirements are not met. This comparison process identifies which parameters are deviating, and whether the deviation is in appearance, specific gravity, pH, or specific content parameters. This allows subsequent adjustments to focus on the actual abnormal target parameters. This step avoids unnecessary adjustments when all parameters already meet the standards and provides a basis for developing targeted adjustment strategies.

[0071] S62. Based on the deviation direction and degree of the target parameter and the preparation process data, determine the corresponding adjustment strategy, wherein the preparation process data includes the actual injection volume of water, the actual addition amount of the preparation raw materials, the stirring and dissolving time, and the temperature change data of the solution during the stirring and dissolving process, and the adjustment strategy includes correcting the addition amount of at least one preparation raw material and / or correcting the preset volume. The degree of deviation is used to characterize the extent to which the target parameter deviates from the preset range. The preparation process data reflects the execution status of this batch of preparations, including the actual volume of water injected, the actual amount of raw materials added, the stirring and dissolution time, and the solution temperature change data. This data can be generated from the cumulative values ​​of the flow meter, the metering values ​​of the dosing device, timing records, and the values ​​collected by the temperature sensor. When determining the adjustment strategy, the direction of deviation of the target parameter can be used to first determine the need for correction in the direction of compensation. Then, the correction intensity can be determined by combining the degree of deviation. Simultaneously, process data can be used as a verification basis. For example, when the specific gravity is too low and the actual injection volume is too large, the concentration is tended to be pulled back by correcting the preset volume or adding the corresponding raw materials. When the pH deviates and the actual amount of raw materials added deviates, the corresponding amount of raw materials added is tended to be corrected to correct the acid-base state. Using process data in decision-making allows adjustments to move beyond single-point compensation based solely on detection results. Instead, the deviation is linked to the execution process, reducing overflush caused by blindly adding materials or water, and improving the success rate of the first adjustment.

[0072] S63. Adjust the raw material formula and / or the preset volume according to the adjustment strategy; Adjustments to the raw material formulation typically correspond to corrections in the dosage of at least one raw material, while adjustments to the preset volume correspond to corrections in the water injection setpoint. These adjustments can be performed individually or in combination. During execution, an adjustment command is generated at the control terminal. This command includes the object to be adjusted, the direction of adjustment, and the corresponding adjustment amount, and is converted into a metering and dosing command from the dosing device and / or a target injection volume command from the flow meter, ensuring that the adjustment action is quantifiable and repeatable. Adjusting according to a strategy limits the control action to variables related to the target parameters, avoiding arbitrary operations and making it easier to converge to the preset quality standard range during subsequent testing.

[0073] S64. Adjust the initial etching solution according to the adjusted raw material formula and / or preset volume; Adjusting the initial etching solution refers to applying the correction amount determined in S63 to the current batch of solution without repeating the entire feeding process, so that its composition returns to the target range. In practice, this can be achieved by adding the corresponding raw materials according to the adjusted formula, or by adding or correcting the injection volume according to the adjusted preset volume, while the agitator continues to run or restarts. Stirring is maintained during the addition process to promote rapid dispersion and dissolution of the newly added materials. If necessary, the original temperature control logic is continued to maintain the solution within the soluble temperature range. By completing the compensatory adjustment within the same tank, material waste and downtime caused by tank changes or liquid discarding can be reduced, while ensuring that the adjusted solution quickly regains its homogeneity, providing a stable sample solution for the next round of testing.

[0074] S65. The step of returning to test the initial etching solution based on the adjusted initial etching solution and obtaining the test results, until the test results meet the preset quality standard.

[0075] The purpose of the retest is to verify the effectiveness of the adjustment and form a closed-loop convergence until the test results meet the preset quality standards. In practice, after completing S64 and maintaining stirring for a period of time, the adjusted solution is sampled again for testing to obtain new results such as appearance, specific gravity, and pH. These results are recorded together with the previous results under the same batch identifier for continuous observation of whether the target parameters have returned to the standard range. If they still do not meet the standards, the process from S61 to S64 is triggered again, iteratively correcting according to the new deviation state until the standard is met or the process-permitted adjustment termination conditions are met. Through this closed-loop mechanism of repeated testing and adjustment, uncontrollable raw material fluctuations, metering deviations, or dissolution differences can be gradually eliminated, ensuring that the final product entering the tank consistently meets quality requirements and reducing the risk of non-conforming products flowing into the finished product storage tank.

[0076] Preferably, determining the corresponding adjustment strategy based on the deviation direction and degree of the target parameter and the preparation process data includes: S621. Compare the detection results with the corresponding preset quality standards to determine the deviation direction of at least one target parameter relative to the preset quality standards; The deviation direction characterizes whether the target parameter is too high or too low relative to the preset quality standard, facilitating the determination of whether subsequent corrections should proceed in the direction of increase or decrease. In implementation, the batch of test results are mapped one by one to the corresponding standard interval for each parameter. If a parameter falls outside the interval, it is marked as the target parameter, and its position outside the upper or lower limit is simultaneously recorded, thus forming directional information that can directly drive adjustment decisions. By clearly defining the deviation direction beforehand, subsequent corrective actions are prevented from being performed in the wrong direction or from repeated trial and error, making closed-loop adjustments easier to converge.

[0077] S622. Obtain the degree of deviation of the target parameter relative to the preset quality standard, wherein the degree of deviation characterizes the extent by which the target parameter deviates from the preset range; The degree of deviation is used to quantify the magnitude of the deviation, reflecting how close the target parameter is to the standard boundary, and is the basis for calculating the correction amount. In practice, after determining the direction of deviation, the difference between the target parameter and the corresponding upper or lower standard limit can be further calculated, or converted into a deviation magnitude according to the allowable tolerance band of the process. This transforms the deviation from whether it is acceptable to a calculable input of how much correction is needed. Once the degree of deviation is quantified, adjustments are no longer limited to empirical operations of adding or subtracting small amounts; adjustment amounts can be given according to a unified standard, reducing fluctuations caused by human factors.

[0078] S623. Determine historical preparation process data that is the same type as the etching solution and whose test results meet the preset quality standards as target process data; The target process data consists of historically validated preparation process data that is consistent with the current etching solution type. This data serves as a stable and reusable process reference. In practice, batches of the same type can be selected from archived records, and the results must meet preset quality standards as the selection criteria. This yields one or more sets of qualified batches' process data. Representative records from these batches are then selected as the reference for this alignment. Using qualified batches as the target process data ensures that subsequent comparisons are not based on arbitrary judgments of deviation, but rather on a clear trajectory of qualified processes, reducing the uncertainty caused by variations in different shifts or raw material batches.

[0079] S624. Compare the current preparation process data with the target process data to obtain the process deviation parameters; Process deviation parameters characterize the differences between the current preparation process and the target process data. Essentially, they transform process data differences into a deviation quantity that can be used for decision-making. In practice, the actual volume of water injected, the actual amount of raw materials added, the stirring and dissolution time, and temperature changes are compared item by item with the target process data. These differences are then summarized into process deviation parameters, enabling the system to determine whether the current process is too dilute, too concentrated, has too short a dissolution time, or if the temperature is not sufficiently controlled. By forming process deviation parameters, subsequent adjustments will not only focus on the detection values ​​themselves but will establish a correlation between detection deviations and process execution deviations, improving the interpretability of the cause analysis.

[0080] S625. Determine the corresponding adjustment object based on the deviation direction and degree of the target parameter and the process deviation parameter; The adjustment target refers to the selected control variable used for correction, typically including the dosage of at least one raw material and / or a preset volume. In practice, based on the known direction and degree of deviation, process deviation parameters are introduced to determine whether the deviation is more likely to originate from volume execution deviation or dosage execution deviation. Based on this, the preset volume or the dosage of a specific raw material is then determined as the adjustment target. If necessary, both can be used simultaneously for combined correction. By incorporating process deviation parameters into the selection of the adjustment target, overshooting caused by excessive material or water addition can be avoided, making the correction action more closely aligned with the actual source of the deviation.

[0081] S626. Based on the degree of deviation, obtain the initial adjustment amount of the adjustment object; The initial adjustment amount is a basic correction amount given solely based on the degree of deviation, used to establish the first scale for adjustment. In practice, based on the deviation of the target parameter, a basic amount to be added or reduced is obtained according to preset formula conversion relationships or empirically set unit correction rules. For example, this determines the mass of raw materials to be added or the volume to be corrected, thus providing a clear starting point for subsequent adjustment calculations. Obtaining the initial adjustment amount ensures that the adjustment actions have a repeatable benchmark, reducing arbitrary variations in adjustment ranges between different personnel or different batches.

[0082] S627. Adjust the initial adjustment amount according to the process deviation parameter to obtain the adjustment amount of the adjustment object; The role of process deviation parameters in the initial adjustment is to align the basic correction with the actual process execution deviation, making the final adjustment more consistent with the actual operating conditions of this batch. In implementation, the initial adjustment can be increased or decreased based on the direction of the difference reflected by the process deviation parameters. For example, when the actual injection volume is too large, the volume correction is amplified or prioritized for convergence; when the actual raw material dosage is too small, leading to a lower target parameter, the supplementary dosage of that raw material is strengthened, thus obtaining an adjustment that more closely matches the source of the deviation. Through this correction mechanism, the adjustment is not mechanically applied based on the degree of deviation, but rather takes into account the process execution deviation, reducing the number of iterations and improving the effectiveness of a single adjustment.

[0083] S628. Obtain the corresponding adjustment strategy based on the adjustment object and the adjustment amount.

[0084] An adjustment strategy is a combination of adjustment objects and adjustment quantities, ultimately forming a set of executable adjustment instructions. During implementation, the determined adjustment object is mapped to a specific dosing device or volume setting channel, and the adjustment quantity is converted into dosing mass, injection volume, or corresponding control setpoints. These are then linked to batch identifiers and archived for subsequent verification and traceability. In cases requiring correction of multiple objects, the adjustment can be organized and executed according to a predetermined dosing sequence, ensuring consistency between the adjustment process and the original process sequence. By solidifying the adjustment object and adjustment quantity into an adjustment strategy, closed-loop adjustments can be stably implemented into executable control actions, reducing human intervention and improving preparation consistency.

[0085] In one embodiment, step S625 specifically includes: S6251. Based on the parameter type of the target parameter, obtain at least one auxiliary parameter associated with the target parameter; The parameter types here are used to distinguish whether the target parameter belongs to different categories such as content parameters, specific gravity parameters, or appearance parameters. Auxiliary parameters refer to detection parameters that are related to the target parameter in terms of process mechanism and can be used to cross-determine the source of deviation. For example, when the content parameter is abnormal, the specific gravity parameter is called at the same time, and when the appearance is abnormal, the specific gravity parameter or content parameter is linked for corroboration. In implementation, the parameter type can be used as an index in the detection result dataset to automatically select the corresponding auxiliary parameter according to the preset association table, and read its detection value and whether it meets the standard. If necessary, another content parameter of the same category can also be selected as a supplementary reference, so that subsequent judgments do not rely on a single indicator. By retrieving the auxiliary parameters that are strongly correlated with the target parameter first, an input basis can be provided for the identification of subsequent single parameter deviations or multi-parameter linkage deviations, reducing the probability of misjudgment caused by directly adding raw materials based on a single parameter, and making the closed-loop adjustment more targeted.

[0086] S6252. Based on whether the target parameter and the auxiliary parameter deviate from the preset quality standard simultaneously, determine whether the target parameter is a single parameter deviation or a multi-parameter deviation; Single-parameter deviation refers to the situation where only the target parameter exceeds the preset quality standard while the auxiliary parameters remain within the standard range. Multi-parameter deviation refers to the simultaneous occurrence of deviations or fluctuations in the target parameter and one or more auxiliary parameters. These two types of deviations reflect whether the deviation is a localized abnormality or a systemic change. In implementation, the compliance or deviation markers obtained from previous comparisons can be directly used to logically combine and judge the target parameter and auxiliary parameters one by one. For example, if the target parameter is not met but the specific gravity is, it is classified as a single-parameter deviation. If the target parameter is not met and the specific gravity is also not met, or if there is both appearance abnormality and content fluctuation, it is classified as a multi-parameter deviation. The determination of fluctuations can be based on whether the difference between the current batch's test value and the test value after the previous adjustment exceeds the preset fluctuation threshold, or on the degree of dispersion of repeated sampling within a short period, thus making the identification of multi-parameter deviations more stable. By first classifying the deviation status as single-parameter or multi-parameter, it is possible to distinguish whether to prioritize checking the volume baseline or dissolution state in the case of equally unqualified samples, avoiding mistaking volume errors or dissolution abnormalities as insufficient raw materials and reducing the number of round trips for closed-loop adjustments.

[0087] S6253. When the target parameter is a content parameter, and the specific gravity parameter in the auxiliary parameters is within the range of the preset quality standard, and the process deviation parameter indicates that there is a deviation in the actual amount of raw material added, the source of deviation of the target parameter is determined to be the deviation of the raw material addition. The content parameter reflects the actual concentration level of a key component in the etching solution, while the specific gravity parameter reflects the overall concentration of the solution. When the test results show that the content parameter does not meet the preset quality standard, but the specific gravity parameter is still within the standard range, it indicates that the overall concentration of the solution has not deviated significantly, and only the proportion of local components is abnormal. Based on this, a process deviation parameter is introduced to determine whether the actual dosage of the corresponding raw material differs from historical qualified batches, such as being too low or too high. In practice, the actual dosage of the raw material in the current batch can be compared with the dosage in the target process data. If a significant deviation exists, the anomaly is attributed to the dosage execution process, rather than a volume setting or dissolution condition issue. In this way, the deviation can be directly attributed to the specific raw material dosage behavior, avoiding misjudging it as a volume problem when the overall solution concentration is normal, thus allowing subsequent adjustments to focus on adding or reducing the corresponding raw material.

[0088] S6254. When the target parameter is a specific gravity parameter, or the target parameter is a content parameter and the specific gravity parameter deviates synchronously from the preset quality standard, and the process deviation parameter indicates that there is a deviation in the actual injected volume of water, it is determined that the source of the deviation of the target parameter is a preset volume deviation. Specific gravity is used to characterize the overall viscosity of a solution and is directly related to the volume of water injected. When the target parameter is itself a specific gravity parameter, or when the content parameter deviates from the preset quality standard simultaneously with the specific gravity parameter, it indicates that the deviation is no longer limited to a single component but manifests as a systemic change. In this case, combined with process deviation parameters, the focus should be on checking whether the actual volume of water injected differs from historically acceptable processes. For example, an excessively large injection volume might lead to overall concentration dilution, or an excessively small injection volume might lead to increased concentration. In practice, the accumulated value from the electronic flowmeter can be compared with the volume parameter in the target process data to confirm whether there is a deviation in volume execution, and the source of the deviation can be determined as a preset volume deviation. This allows for the correlation between multi-parameter linkage anomalies and volume baseline execution problems, avoiding the need to simply add raw materials to correct concentration issues caused by volume errors and reducing the risk of over-correction.

[0089] S6255. When the appearance parameters do not meet the preset quality standards, and the target parameters or the auxiliary parameters fluctuate, and the process deviation parameters characterize the data of stirring and dissolving time or solution temperature change, the deviation of the target parameters is determined to be due to abnormal dissolution state. Appearance parameters reflect the presence of macroscopic anomalies in the solution, such as turbidity, precipitation, or stratification. When the appearance does not meet the preset quality standards, and the target or auxiliary parameters fluctuate simultaneously, it indicates that the problem may not be solely caused by the mixing ratio, but is more likely related to the dissolution process itself. In this case, process deviation parameters are introduced to check the stirring and dissolution time and solution temperature change data. For example, it may indicate insufficient stirring time, temperature not reaching the preset range, or abnormal heating process. In practice, the stirring time of the current batch can be compared with the time in the target process data, or the temperature curve can be compared to see if there is a significant deviation. If abnormal conditions are confirmed in the dissolution stage, the source of the deviation is determined to be an abnormal dissolution state. By linking appearance anomalies with dissolution process data, it is possible to avoid mistaking turbidity or unevenness caused by insufficient dissolution as insufficient raw materials or volume deviation, making the correction direction more aligned with actual working conditions.

[0090] S6256. Based on the source of deviation, obtain the adjustment object corresponding to the source of deviation, wherein: when the source of deviation is a deviation in the addition of raw materials, the adjustment object is limited to the addition amount of the corresponding raw materials; when the source of deviation is a preset volume deviation, the adjustment object is limited to the correction of the preset volume; when the source of deviation is an abnormal dissolution state, the adjustment object is limited to returning to the stirring and dissolving stage to correct the process parameters.

[0091] The adjustment target refers to the control variable targeted by subsequent adjustment actions, and its selection directly determines the adjustment path. In implementation, based on the deviation source determined in the preceding steps, the adjustment target is limited to the process element corresponding to that source. For example, when the deviation source is a deviation in the addition of raw materials, only the amount of the corresponding raw material is adjusted, without correcting the volume or dissolution parameters; when the deviation source is a preset volume deviation, only the preset volume is corrected, without changing the raw material formula ratio; when the deviation source is an abnormal dissolution state, no direct formula or volume compensation is performed, but the process returns to the stirring and dissolution stage, correcting the stirring time or temperature control parameters. By limiting the adjustment target according to the deviation source, the adjustment behavior corresponds one-to-one with the root cause of the problem, avoiding repeated corrections of erroneous variables that could lead to system oscillations, thereby improving the stability and convergence efficiency of closed-loop adjustment.

[0092] In one embodiment, based on the scheme of S6251~S6256, step S626 specifically includes: S6261. Based on the type of the adjustment object, determine at least one affected parameter that has a linkage relationship with the adjustment object, wherein the affected parameter includes the target parameter and the auxiliary parameter corresponding to the adjustment object.

[0093] Affected parameters refer to detection parameters that change synchronously with or may be affected by changes in the object of adjustment. The object of adjustment is usually the dosage or preset volume of a certain raw material. Auxiliary parameters are parameters that have a process linkage with the target parameter and are used for cross-judgment. In practice, the object of adjustment can be determined first based on the source of deviation, and then the detection indicators linked to the object of adjustment can be retrieved from the preset association table as affected parameters. For example, when the object of adjustment is the dosage of sodium chlorate, the affected parameters should at least include the target parameter of sodium chlorate content, and the specific gravity parameter is usually included as an auxiliary parameter. When the object of adjustment is the preset volume, the affected parameters often include the specific gravity parameter and the content parameter related to the concentration. The advantage of this approach is that it expands the focus of subsequent adjustment calculations from a single target parameter to parameters that may be affected, avoiding the situation where trying to bring one item back to the standard while pushing another item away from the standard is done in the process.

[0094] S6262. Based on the preset quality standards corresponding to the affected parameters, determine the parameter constraints that each affected parameter needs to meet when adjusting the object.

[0095] Parameter constraints transform preset quality standards into limitations that must be met during the adjustment process, ensuring that the adjustment amount does not cause any affected parameter to exceed its limits. In implementation, the standard range of each affected parameter can be extracted, and the constraint boundary after adjustment can be clearly defined based on the current detection value. For example, if the standard for specific gravity is a certain range, the constraint can be that the adjusted specific gravity must still fall within that range; similarly, pH must be kept within its allowable range. For instance, if the target parameter is low sodium chlorate content and the specific gravity is close to the upper limit, then even if sodium chlorate needs to be added, the amount added must be constrained to prevent the specific gravity from exceeding the upper limit after addition, thus incorporating both content correction and specific gravity compliance into the constraints simultaneously.

[0096] S6263. Calculate the range of allowable adjustment amounts for the adjustment object under the condition that each of the parameter constraints is met.

[0097] The adjustment range refers to the allowable range of changes in the adjusted object under the premise of meeting the constraints of a certain affected parameter. This can be either the maximum allowable addition or reduction. In implementation, the adjustment range without touching the boundary can be calculated based on the standard boundary of the affected parameter and the current detection value, combined with the parameter's response to the adjusted object. For example, if the specific gravity is already high and the adjusted object is adding a solid raw material, the specific gravity constraint will provide an upper limit for addition; if the pH is low and the adjusted object is reducing an acidic component or adding water, the pH constraint will provide a minimum correction amount or an allowable correction range. This step aims to specify the constraints of each affected parameter on the adjusted object, avoiding the adjustment amount being given solely based on the degree of deviation without boundary control.

[0098] S6264. Among the various adjustment ranges, determine the common adjustment range that simultaneously satisfies the parameter constraints of all affected parameters, and use it as the allowable adjustment range of the adjustment object.

[0099] The common adjustment range refers to the allowable range selected from the aforementioned multiple adjustment ranges that simultaneously satisfies the constraints of all affected parameters, serving as the final executable adjustment space. In implementation, the allowable ranges corresponding to each affected parameter can be compared side-by-side, and the most conservative portion is taken as the common range. For example, if the content requirement allows an addition of 0 to 10, while the proportion constraint only allows an addition of 0 to 6, then the common range falls within 0 to 6, achieving a balance between satisfying the content correction requirement and the proportion constraint requirement. In this way, the selection of the adjustment amount is no longer solely focused on a single objective, but rather determines the executable boundary under the common constraints of multiple parameters, reducing secondary non-compliance caused by cascading effects.

[0100] S6265. When there is no adjustment range that can simultaneously satisfy the parameter constraints of all affected parameters, the preset quality standard corresponding to the target parameter shall be used as the priority constraint to determine the alternative allowable adjustment range of the adjustment object.

[0101] When it's impossible to find an adjustment range that simultaneously satisfies all the constraints of the affected parameters, it indicates a conflict between the parameter requirements or that the current state is approaching the boundaries of multiple standards. In such cases, priority constraints need to be introduced to ensure the closed loop can continue. In implementation, the preset quality standard corresponding to the target parameter is set as the priority constraint. First, the target parameter is ensured to converge towards the standard. Then, based on this priority constraint, an alternative allowable adjustment range is determined, while other affected parameters are considered as secondary constraints. For example, if the content of the target parameter is severely low but its proportion is close to the upper limit, strictly satisfying both simultaneously may not leave feasible adjustment space. In this case, priority can be given to ensuring the content returns to near the standard, obtaining an executable supplementation range. In subsequent iterations, the proportion can be gradually pulled back to the standard through volume fine-tuning or re-detection, thus avoiding the adjustment process from stalling due to conflicts.

[0102] S6266. Within the permissible adjustment range or the alternative permissible adjustment range, determine the adjustment amount of the adjustment object and perform amplitude limiting processing on the adjustment amount.

[0103] Limiting the adjustment amount involves applying upper and lower limits to the final selected adjustment, preventing overshoot or new fluctuations caused by excessive adjustments in a single instance. In implementation, a specific adjustment amount can be selected from the allowable adjustment range or an alternative allowable adjustment range, such as choosing a value close to the current state or a midpoint. This value is then compared to the maximum allowable single replenishment amount and maximum single water replenishment amount. If the value exceeds these limits, the upper limit is applied. For example, if the allowable range specifies a replenishment of 0 to 6 kg, but the equipment or process specifies a maximum single replenishment of 4 kg, then the final adjustment amount will not exceed 4 kg. This limiting mechanism makes adjustments smoother, and with subsequent re-testing and readjustment, convergence can be achieved more quickly, reducing instability caused by repeated large fluctuations.

[0104] Example 2 This invention provides an automated etching solution preparation system, comprising: a stirring tank, an automatic feeding unit, a temperature monitoring and heating unit, an automatic sampling and detection unit, a finished product storage tank, and a controller; wherein, the automatic feeding unit is connected to the stirring tank and is used to quantitatively add preparation raw materials to the stirring tank; the temperature monitoring and heating unit is connected to the stirring tank and is used to monitor the temperature of the solution in the stirring tank and to heat and regulate the solution in the stirring tank when the temperature does not meet preset conditions; the automatic sampling and detection unit is connected to the stirring tank and is used to automatically sample and detect the initial etching solution formed in the stirring tank to obtain detection results; the stirring tank is connected to the finished product storage tank and is used to transport the etching solution to the finished product storage tank when the detection results meet preset quality standards; the controller is connected to the automatic feeding unit, the temperature monitoring and heating unit, the automatic sampling and detection unit, the stirring tank, and the finished product storage tank respectively, and is used to execute the method described in Embodiment 1.

[0105] The automated etching solution preparation system provided in this invention is a modularly integrated automated system focusing on key aspects of the etching solution preparation process, including feeding, dissolving, detection, adjustment, and discharging. By coordinating the various functional units with the controller, the entire process of etching solution preparation, from raw material addition to finished product transfer, is monitored and controllable, thereby reducing manual intervention and improving preparation stability. The stirred tank, as the core reaction and mixing container for etching solution preparation, holds water and various preparation raw materials, and forms the initial etching solution under stirring and temperature control conditions. The stirred tank provides a unified working object for multiple functional units such as automatic feeding, temperature monitoring, sampling and detection, and finished product conveying, and is the basic unit in the system for realizing material mixing and state changes.

[0106] The automatic feeding unit is connected to the mixing tank and is used to quantitatively add the raw materials to the mixing tank according to the preset raw material ratio. This unit can cover the feeding requirements of raw materials in different forms, transforming the raw material addition process from manual operation to program control. The automatic feeding unit ensures the repeatability of the raw material addition amount and sequence, reduces human error, and provides stable initial conditions for subsequent dissolution and testing.

[0107] The temperature monitoring and heating unit is connected to the stirred tank to acquire the real-time temperature of the solution inside and to regulate the temperature by heating the solution when the temperature does not meet preset conditions. This unit ensures that the dissolution process occurs within a controlled temperature range, preventing reduced dissolution efficiency or fluctuations in solution state due to changes in ambient temperature. Working in conjunction with the stirred tank, this unit provides automatic compensation capabilities for the preparation process, eliminating the need for manual judgment regarding heating.

[0108] The automatic sampling and testing unit is connected to the mixing tank and is used to automatically sample the initial etching solution formed in the mixing tank during the preparation process, and to perform testing on the sampled solution to obtain the test results. The setting of this unit transforms the testing process from manual sampling and manual testing to an automated process, which helps to obtain key parameters such as appearance, specific gravity, pH, and content in a timely manner during the preparation stage, providing objective basis for whether to proceed to the adjustment process or the finished product output process.

[0109] The finished product storage tank is connected to the mixing tank and is used to receive and store compliant etching solutions when the test results meet the preset quality standards. By establishing a "test qualified - automatic transfer" connection at the system level, it is possible to prevent substandard etching solutions from accidentally entering the finished product stage, while reducing potential contamination or operational errors during manual transfer, and improving the safety and consistency of finished product management.

[0110] The controller is connected to the automatic feeding unit, temperature monitoring and heating unit, automatic sampling and detection unit, mixing tank, and finished product storage tank via signal connections, and is used to uniformly control and coordinate the operating status of each unit. By executing the automated etching solution preparation method described in Example 1, the controller realizes logical control over processes such as feeding sequence, temperature regulation, detection and judgment, automatic adjustment, and finished product transfer, enabling each unit of the system to operate collaboratively according to the predetermined process, thereby forming a complete automated preparation closed loop.

[0111] Through the integration of the above-mentioned units and the unified scheduling of the controller, the automated etching solution preparation system of the present invention can achieve automated control corresponding to each method step at the system level, so that the etching solution preparation process has the characteristics of high stability, less intervention and strong traceability, providing reliable technical support for continuous and batch production.

[0112] It should be clarified that the present invention is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and shown in the figures. For the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known methods are omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method process of the present invention is not limited to the specific steps described and shown. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of steps, after understanding the spirit of the present invention.

[0113] It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this invention describe methods or systems based on a series of steps or apparatus. However, this invention is not limited to the order of the steps described above; that is, the steps can be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, or in a different order, or several steps can be performed simultaneously.

[0114] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, modules, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated method for preparing etching solution, characterized in that, The method includes: According to the raw material formula corresponding to the type of etching solution to be prepared, the raw materials are obtained, wherein the type includes acidic etching solution and alkaline etching solution; Add a predetermined volume of water to the mixing tank, and add the preparation materials to the mixing tank in a predetermined order; The raw materials in the mixing tank are stirred and dissolved according to a preset temperature and a preset dissolution time to obtain an initial etching solution and generate a corresponding batch identifier. The initial etching solution is tested to obtain test results, wherein the test results include at least appearance test results, specific gravity test results, and pH test results; Based on the batch identifier, the test results are associated with the preparation process corresponding to the initial etching solution to obtain preparation process data; When the test results do not meet the preset quality standards, the raw material formula and / or the preset volume shall be adjusted according to the test results and the preparation process data. When the test results meet the preset quality standards, the prepared initial etching solution is automatically transported to the finished product storage tank.

2. The automated preparation method of etching solution according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparing the acidic etching solution include solid sodium chloride, sodium chlorate solution, and acidic etching additives. Specifically, for every 5000 L of acidic etching solution prepared, the amount of sodium chloride added is 1000-1300 kg, the amount of sodium chlorate solution added (based on sodium chlorate) is 600-900 kg, and the amount of acidic etching additive added is 8-12 kg. The raw materials for preparing the alkaline etching solution include solid ammonium chloride, ammonia, and alkaline etching additives. Specifically, for every 5000 L of alkaline etching solution prepared, the amount of ammonium chloride added is 1100-1400 kg, the volume of ammonia added is 2400-2800 L, and the amount of alkaline etching additive added is 8-12 kg.

3. The automated preparation method of etching solution according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the etching solution is an acidic etching solution, the step of adding a predetermined volume of water to the stirring tank and adding the preparation materials to the stirring tank in a predetermined order includes: The preset volume of water is metered into the mixing tank using an electronic flow meter, and the agitator is then started. With the stirrer activated, an acidic etching additive is automatically added to the mixing tank. After the acid etching additive is added, sodium chloride solid raw material is quantitatively added to the stirring tank through a quantitative conveying device; After the sodium chloride solid raw material is added, sodium chlorate solution is quantitatively injected into the stirred tank using an electronic flow meter.

4. The automated preparation method of etching solution according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the etching solution is an alkaline etching solution, the step of adding a preset volume of water to the stirring tank and adding the preparation materials to the stirring tank according to a preset sequence includes: The preset volume of water is metered into the mixing tank using an electronic flow meter, and the agitator is then started. Under the condition that the stirrer is started, an alkaline etching additive is automatically added to the stirring tank; After the alkaline etching additive is added, ammonium chloride solid raw material is quantitatively added to the stirring tank through a quantitative conveying device; After the ammonium chloride solid raw material is added, ammonia water is quantitatively injected into the stirring tank through an electronic flow meter.

5. The automated preparation method of etching solution according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The step of stirring and dissolving the preparation raw materials in the stirring tank according to a preset temperature and a preset dissolution time to obtain an initial etching solution and generate a corresponding batch identifier includes: The stirrer of the mixing tank is controlled to continuously stir and dissolve within the preset dissolution time; When the stirrer is started, a corresponding batch identifier is generated, and the batch identifier is associated with and recorded with the process parameters of this stirring and dissolving process; During the stirring and dissolving process, the temperature of the solution inside the stirring tank is acquired in real time by a temperature sensor; When the temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold, the steam heating module is automatically activated to heat the solution; When the temperature reaches the preset temperature range, the steam heating module is controlled to stop heating or enter a constant temperature control state to keep the solution temperature within the preset temperature range. At the end of the preset dissolution time, the initial etching solution is obtained.

6. The automated preparation method of etching solution according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preset temperature threshold is 25 degrees Celsius, the preset temperature range is 30~35 degrees Celsius, and the preset dissolution time is 30~60 minutes.

7. The automated preparation method of etching solution according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The initial etching solution was tested, and the test results included: The initial etching solution is automatically sampled according to a preset sampling amount to obtain the sample solution to be tested; The sample liquid to be tested is subjected to visual inspection to obtain the visual inspection results; The physical properties of the sample liquid to be tested were measured to obtain the specific gravity parameter; The sample solution to be tested is subjected to chemical parameter detection to obtain content parameters and pH test results. When the sample solution to be tested is an acidic etching solution, the content parameters include sodium chlorate content; when the sample solution to be tested is an alkaline etching solution, the content parameters include chloride ion content and alkali equivalent.

8. The automated preparation method of etching solution according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the test results do not meet the preset quality standards, adjustments are made to the raw material formula and / or the preset volume based on the test results and preparation process data, including: The test results are compared with the preset quality standard to determine at least one target parameter that deviates from the preset quality standard; Based on the deviation direction and degree of the target parameter and the preparation process data, a corresponding adjustment strategy is determined. The preparation process data includes the actual volume of water injected, the actual amount of raw materials added, the stirring and dissolving time, and the temperature change data of the solution during the stirring and dissolving process. The adjustment strategy includes correcting the amount of at least one raw material added and / or correcting the preset volume. The raw material formula and / or the preset volume are adjusted according to the adjustment strategy described above. The initial etching solution is adjusted according to the adjusted raw material formula and / or preset volume; The process of returning the adjusted initial etching solution to test the initial etching solution and obtaining the test results continues until the test results meet the preset quality standard.

9. The automated preparation method of etching solution according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of determining the corresponding adjustment strategy based on the deviation direction and degree of the target parameter and the preparation process data includes: The detection results are compared with the corresponding preset quality standards to determine the deviation direction of at least one target parameter relative to the preset quality standards. Obtain the degree of deviation of the target parameter relative to the preset quality standard, wherein the degree of deviation characterizes the extent to which the target parameter deviates from the preset range; Historical preparation process data that are of the same type as the etching solution and whose test results meet the preset quality standards are identified as target process data. The current preparation process data is compared with the target process data to obtain the process deviation parameters; Based on the direction and degree of deviation of the target parameter and the process deviation parameter, the corresponding adjustment object is determined; Based on the degree of deviation, the initial adjustment amount of the adjustment object is obtained; The initial adjustment amount is adjusted according to the process deviation parameter to obtain the adjustment amount of the adjustment object; Based on the adjustment object and the adjustment amount, obtain the corresponding adjustment strategy.

10. An automated etching solution preparation system, characterized in that, The system includes: a mixing tank, an automatic feeding unit, a temperature monitoring and heating unit, an automatic sampling and detection unit, a finished product storage tank, and a controller; wherein, the automatic feeding unit is connected to the mixing tank and is used to quantitatively add the preparation raw materials to the mixing tank; the temperature monitoring and heating unit is connected to the mixing tank and is used to monitor the temperature of the solution in the mixing tank and to heat and regulate the solution in the mixing tank when the temperature does not meet the preset conditions; the automatic sampling and detection unit is connected to the mixing tank and is used to automatically sample and detect the initial etching solution formed in the mixing tank to obtain the detection result; the mixing tank is connected to the finished product storage tank and is used to transport the etching solution to the finished product storage tank when the detection result meets the preset quality standard; the controller is connected to the automatic feeding unit, the temperature monitoring and heating unit, the automatic sampling and detection unit, the mixing tank, and the finished product storage tank respectively, and is used to execute the automated preparation method of etching solution according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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