Composite general-purpose elastic buffer damper for relieving external force impact

Abstract

The application provides a composite general elastic buffering damper for relieving external force impact, and relates to the technical field of dampers. The damper comprises a fixed shell, an upper end cover and a bolt. The inner wall of the fixed shell is fixedly connected with a rubber column. The surface of the rubber column is provided with a first spiral groove. The inner wall of the fixed shell is fixedly connected with a lower end cover below. The surface of the lower end cover and the upper end cover is provided with a second spiral groove. The second spiral grooves on the surface of the lower end cover and the upper end cover are both in interference fit with a first spring. When the damper is used for a long time, the rubber column is relaxed and the elasticity is decreased. The damper does not need to be replaced as a whole. Only the threaded column needs to be continuously screwed to make the screw further move downwards. The screw is inserted into the inside of the cylinder composed of multiple movable blocks and presses the movable blocks. The movable blocks drive the connecting column and the expansion plate to expand outward. The aged and relaxed rubber column is compacted from the inside. The elasticity and damping performance of the rubber column are recovered. The cost of replacement and maintenance is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of damper technology, specifically a composite universal elastic buffer damper device for mitigating external impact. Background Technology

[0002] Composite elastic dampers for expansion joints are core components used in bridge and building expansion joints to buffer impacts and absorb vibrations.

[0003] The connection between existing expansion joints and dampers is usually fixed with bolts. Under the repeated action of vehicle vibration and impact loads over a long period of time, these connections are prone to loosening, and in severe cases, the bolts may even fall off, causing the connection between the expansion joint and the damper to fail. This can lead to safety hazards such as the expansion joint lifting up and components falling off. At the same time, the rubber columns inside the damper will experience a decrease in elasticity and loosening due to aging and fatigue after long-term use, resulting in a significant reduction in damping effect. In the current technology, once the rubber columns age, the entire damper must be replaced, resulting in high maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a composite universal elastic buffer damper to alleviate external impacts, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art where bolts are easy to loosen and fall off, and the rubber columns inside the damper will lose elasticity and loosen due to aging and fatigue after long-term use, resulting in a significant reduction in damping effect.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A composite universal elastic buffer damper for mitigating external impact includes a fixed shell, an upper end cover, and bolts. A rubber column is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed shell, and a first helical groove is formed on the surface of the rubber column. A lower end cover is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the fixed shell, and both the lower and upper end covers have second helical grooves on their surfaces. A first spring is interference-fitted into each of the second helical grooves on the surfaces of the lower and upper end covers. The bolts are threaded to the center of the top of the upper end cover, and the bolts penetrate and extend below the upper end cover. The first springs are located inside the rubber column. A second spring is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the fixed shell, and a fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the second spring. A telescopic rod is fixedly connected, and the second spring is movably disposed around the periphery of the telescopic rod. Multiple sliding grooves are evenly distributed on the surface of the fixed cylinder. An expansion plate is slidably connected inside the sliding groove. A connecting post is fixedly connected to one end of the expansion plate, and a movable block is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting post away from the expansion plate. Multiple movable blocks are combined to form a cylinder. A threaded groove is formed at the top of the bolt, and a threaded post is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the threaded groove. A screw is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the threaded post, and the screw movably passes through and extends below the bolt. Two circular holes are formed on the surface of the bolt, and a limit post is slidably connected inside the circular holes. A positioning groove is formed on the surface of the screw, and a limit groove is formed on the inner wall of the fixed cylinder.

[0006] Preferably, the positioning groove is a conical structure, and its inner wall can be squeezed and fitted with the end of the limiting post to drive the limiting post to extend out of the round hole and enter the limiting groove, thereby realizing the anti-loosening and limiting of the bolt.

[0007] Preferably, the outer side of the expansion plate is movably fitted to the inner wall of the rubber column. When the screw is inserted downward into the cylinder composed of the movable blocks, the movable blocks can be squeezed to drive the expansion plate to expand outward, thereby squeezing the inner wall of the rubber column to achieve compaction.

[0008] Preferably, the top of the threaded post is provided with an internal hexagonal adjustment groove, which is used to cooperate with a tool to turn the threaded post, thereby adjusting the axial position of the screw.

[0009] Preferably, the telescopic rod is any type of axial telescopic guide structure.

[0010] Preferably, two annular grooves are respectively formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the movable block, and an annular spring is movably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove. The annular spring is used to provide an inward restoring force to the movable block.

[0011] Preferably, a fixing plate is fixedly connected to the surface of the limiting post, and a third spring is fixedly connected to one end of the fixing plate. The third spring is used to provide an inward restoring force to the limiting post.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom end of the fixed cylinder is hinged to the top end of the telescopic rod to accommodate small-angle deflection of the fixed cylinder, and multiple anchor rods are fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shell to anchor the fixed shell during subsequent concrete pouring.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention uses the threaded post at the top of the bolt to move the screw downwards. The conical positioning groove on the surface of the screw squeezes the limiting post out of the bolt's round hole and into the limiting groove on the inner wall of the fixing cylinder, forming a mechanical lock to prevent the bolt from falling off due to vibration. In daily use, the conventional impact load of the expansion joint will cause the upper end cover to squeeze the first spring and rubber post. The composite elasticity of the two will achieve basic buffering. When a large impact or other extreme working conditions cause large deformation, the bolt will drive the limiting post to move upwards to the inner wall of the limiting groove, thereby pushing the fixing cylinder to compress the second spring and telescopic rod, triggering secondary buffering and providing stronger damping force to resist extreme loads.

[0014] 2. When the rubber column of the damper becomes loose and its elasticity decreases due to long-term use, the present invention does not require the entire damper to be replaced. Simply continue to tighten the threaded column to move the screw further down. The screw inserts into the cylinder composed of multiple movable blocks and squeezes the movable blocks, causing the connecting column and the expansion plate to expand outward. This compacts the aged and loose rubber column from the inside, restoring some of its elasticity and damping performance, and reducing the cost of replacement and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber column structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed cylinder structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the bolt structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bolt structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a partial sectional view of the fixed cylinder structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the screw insertion state of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Fixed shell; 2. Rubber column; 3. Upper end cap; 4. First spring; 5. First spiral groove; 6. Bolt; 7. Second spring; 8. Telescopic rod; 9. Fixed cylinder; 10. Expanding plate; 11. Connecting column; 12. Movable block; 13. Ring spring; 14. Limiting groove; 15. Threaded column; 16. Screw; 17. Positioning groove; 18. Round hole; 19. Fixed plate; 20. Limiting column; 21. Third spring; 22. Lower end cap; 23. Second spiral groove; 24. Anchor rod. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Example 1: This example provides a composite universal elastic buffer damper for mitigating external impacts, such as... Figure 1-9 As shown, the device includes a fixed shell 1, an upper end cover 3, and a bolt 6. A rubber column 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed shell 1. A first spiral groove 5 is formed on the surface of the rubber column 2. A lower end cover 22 is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the fixed shell 1. A second spiral groove 23 is formed on the surface of both the lower end cover 22 and the upper end cover 3. A first spring 4 is interference-fitted into the second spiral groove 23 on the surfaces of the lower end cover 22 and the upper end cover 3. The bolt 6 is threaded to the center of the top of the upper end cover 3, and the bolt 6 passes through and extends to the bottom of the upper end cover 3. The first spring 4 is located inside the rubber column 2. A second spring 7 is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the fixed shell 1. A fixed cylinder 9 is fixedly connected to the top of the second spring 7. A telescopic rod 8 is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the fixed shell 1. The second spring 7 is movably disposed around the telescopic rod 8. The surface of the fixed cylinder 9... Multiple grooves are evenly distributed, and an expansion plate 10 is slidably connected inside the groove. A connecting post 11 is fixedly connected to one end of the expansion plate 10, and a movable block 12 is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting post 11 away from the expansion plate 10. Multiple movable blocks 12 are combined to form a cylinder. A threaded groove is opened at the top of the bolt 6, and a threaded post 15 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the threaded groove. A screw 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded post 15, and the screw 16 moves through and extends to the bottom of the bolt 6. The outer side of the expansion plate 10 is in contact with the inner wall of the rubber post 2. When the screw 16 is inserted downward into the cylinder formed by the movable blocks 12, it can squeeze the movable block 12 and drive the expansion plate 10 to expand outward, thereby squeezing the inner wall of the rubber post 2 to achieve compaction. An internal hexagonal adjustment groove is opened at the top of the threaded post 15, which is used to tighten the threaded post 15 with a tool, thereby adjusting the axial position of the screw 16.

[0019] In this embodiment, during installation, the fixing shell 1 is first embedded in the base layer, and then the bolt 6 is screwed into the threaded groove of the upper end cover 3. The bolt 6 passes through the rubber column 2 and enters the interior of the fixing cylinder 9. When the rubber column 2 ages, loosens, loses elasticity, and the damping effect decreases after prolonged use, it is not necessary to replace the entire damper. It is only necessary to continue to screw the threaded column 15, which drives the screw 16 to move further downward. The lower end of the screw 16 will be inserted into the cylinder composed of multiple movable blocks 12, which will squeeze the movable blocks 12 and drive the movable blocks 12 to move outward. This will drive the connecting column 11 and the expansion plate 10 to expand outward. The expansion plate 10 will squeeze the inner wall of the rubber column 2, compact the aged and loose rubber column 2, restore part of the elasticity and damping effect of the rubber column 2, thereby extending the service life of the damper and reducing maintenance costs.

[0020] Example 2: This example provides a composite universal elastic buffer damper for mitigating external impacts, such as... Figure 5-6 As shown, two circular holes 18 are opened on the surface of the bolt 6. A limiting post 20 is slidably connected inside the circular holes 18. A positioning groove 17 is opened on the surface of the screw 16. A limiting groove 14 is opened on the inner wall of the fixing cylinder 9. The positioning groove 17 has a conical structure. Its inner wall can be squeezed and fitted with the end of the limiting post 20 to drive the limiting post 20 to extend out of the circular holes 18 and enter the limiting groove 14, thereby realizing the anti-loosening and limiting of the bolt 6. The bottom end of the fixing cylinder 9 is hinged to the top end of the telescopic rod 8 to accommodate the small angle deflection of the fixing cylinder 9. Multiple anchor rods 24 are fixedly connected to the surface of the fixing shell 1 to anchor the fixing shell 1 during subsequent concrete pouring.

[0021] In this embodiment, the threaded post 15 is then turned, causing the screw 16 to move downwards. During the movement of the screw 16, the tapered positioning groove 17 on the screw 16 will squeeze the limiting post 20, driving the limiting post 20 to extend out of the round hole 18 of the bolt 6 and get into the limiting groove 14 on the inner wall of the fixing cylinder 9. The cooperation between the limiting post 20 and the limiting groove 14 ensures that even if the bolt 6 becomes loose due to vibration, it will be blocked by the limiting groove 14 and cannot come out of the limiting groove 14, thus preventing the bolt 6 from falling off due to loosening.

[0022] Example 3: This example provides a composite universal elastic buffer damper for mitigating external impacts, such as... Figure 4-8 As shown, the telescopic rod 8 is any kind of axial telescopic guide structure. Two annular grooves are respectively opened on the upper and lower surfaces of the movable block 12. An annular spring 13 is movably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove. The annular spring 13 is used to provide an inward restoring force to the movable block 12. A fixed plate 19 is fixedly connected to the surface of the limiting post 20. A third spring 21 is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed plate 19. The third spring 21 is used to provide an inward restoring force to the limiting post 20.

[0023] In this embodiment, under normal small deformation conditions, the impact of the expansion joint will cause the upper cover 3 to squeeze the first spring 4 and the rubber column 2, and the basic buffer is achieved through the combined elasticity of the two. When encountering extreme large impact and large deformation, the bolt 6 will drive the limiting column 20 to move downward or upward until the limiting column 20 touches the upper or lower end of the limiting groove 14, driving the fixed cylinder 9 to move upward or downward. At this time, the second spring 7 and the telescopic rod 8 below will be compressed or stretched, triggering the secondary buffer, providing additional damping force to avoid damage to the components under large deformation. When maintenance and replacement are required, it is only necessary to reverse the screw column 15 to drive the screw 16 to be pulled out upward. At this time, the third spring 21 will drive the limiting column 20 to retract into the round hole 18 of the bolt 6, releasing the lock. At the same time, the ring spring 13 will drive the movable block 12 and the expansion plate 10 to automatically reset. After that, the bolt 6 can be unscrewed normally to complete the disassembly and maintenance.

[0024] Working principle: First, the fixing shell 1 is pre-embedded in the base layer below the expansion joint. After being fixed by pouring concrete, the bolt 6 is passed through the hole on the expansion joint and then screwed into the upper end cover 3 and into the fixing cylinder 9. Then, the threaded post 15 at the top of the bolt 6 is turned, which moves the screw 16 downward. The conical positioning groove 17 on the surface of the screw 16 squeezes the limiting post 20 out of the bolt 6's round hole 18 and locks into the limiting groove 14 on the inner wall of the fixing cylinder 9, forming a mechanical lock to prevent the bolt 6 from falling off. Even if the bolt 6 is loosened by vibration, it will not fall out of the fixing cylinder 9. In daily use, the normal impact load of the expansion joint will cause the upper end cover 3 to squeeze the first spring 4 and the rubber post 2, relying on the second spring 4 to lock the bolt 6 out of the hole. The composite elasticity of the device achieves basic buffering. When large deformation is caused by extreme working conditions such as large impact, the bolt 6 will drive the limiting column 20 to move up to the inner wall of the limiting groove 14, thereby pushing the fixed cylinder 9 to compress the second spring 7 and the telescopic rod 8, triggering the secondary buffering and providing stronger damping force. When the rubber column 2 becomes loose and its elasticity decreases due to long-term use, there is no need to replace the entire damper. Just continue to tighten the threaded column 15 to make the screw 16 move down further. The screw 16 inserts into the cylinder composed of multiple movable blocks 12 and squeezes the movable blocks 12, causing the connecting column 11 and the expansion plate 10 to expand outward, compacting the aged and loose rubber column 2 from the inside, and restoring its elasticity and damping performance. This damper has a universal standardized structure. Its overall connection interface and installation dimensions are designed according to universal standards. It can be directly adapted and installed in most different construction scenarios, realizing the universal application of the damper.

[0025] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0026] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A composite universal elastic buffer damper for mitigating external impact, comprising a fixed shell (1), an upper end cap (3), and bolts (6), characterized in that: A rubber column (2) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed shell (1). A first spiral groove (5) is opened on the surface of the rubber column (2). A lower end cover (22) is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the fixed shell (1). A second spiral groove (23) is opened on the surface of both the lower end cover (22) and the upper end cover (3). A first spring (4) is interference-fitted in the second spiral groove (23) on the surface of both the lower end cover (22) and the upper end cover (3). A bolt (6) is threaded to the center of the top of the upper end cover (3), and the bolt (6) passes through and extends to the bottom of the upper end cover (3). The first spring (4) is located inside the rubber column (2). A second spring (7) is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the fixed shell (1). A fixed cylinder (9) is fixedly connected to the top of the second spring (7). A telescopic rod (8) is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the fixed shell (1). The second spring (7) is movably sleeved. Around the telescopic rod (8), the surface of the fixed cylinder (9) is evenly provided with multiple sliding grooves. The sliding grooves are slidably connected to an expansion plate (10). One end of the expansion plate (10) is fixedly connected to a connecting column (11). The end of the connecting column (11) away from the expansion plate (10) is fixedly connected to a movable block (12). Multiple movable blocks (12) are combined to form a cylinder. The top of the bolt (6) is provided with a threaded groove. The inner wall of the threaded groove is threadedly connected to a threaded column (15). The bottom end of the threaded column (15) is fixedly connected to a screw (16). The screw (16) moves through and extends to the bottom of the bolt (6). The surface of the bolt (6) is provided with two round holes (18). The inside of the round holes (18) is slidably connected to a limit post (20). The surface of the screw (16) is provided with a positioning groove (17). The inner wall of the fixed cylinder (9) is provided with a limit groove (14).

2. The composite universal elastic buffer damper for mitigating external impact as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning groove (17) is a conical structure, and its inner wall can be squeezed and fitted with the end of the limiting post (20) to drive the limiting post (20) to extend out of the round hole (18) and enter the limiting groove (14) to realize the anti-loosening limit of the bolt (6).

3. The composite universal elastic buffer damper for mitigating external impact as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the expansion plate (10) is in contact with the inner wall of the rubber column (2). When the screw (16) is inserted downward into the cylinder composed of the movable block (12), the movable block (12) can be squeezed to drive the expansion plate (10) to expand outward, thereby squeezing the inner wall of the rubber column (2) to achieve compaction.

4. The composite universal elastic buffer damper for mitigating external impact as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the threaded post (15) is provided with an internal hexagonal adjustment groove, which is used to cooperate with the tool to turn the threaded post (15) to adjust the axial position of the screw (16).

5. A composite universal elastic buffer damper for mitigating external impact as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic rod (8) can be any type of axial telescopic guide structure.

6. A composite universal elastic buffer damper for mitigating external impact according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two annular grooves are respectively opened on the upper and lower surfaces of the movable block (12). An annular spring (13) is movably connected to the inner wall of the annular groove. The annular spring (13) is used to provide an inward restoring force to the movable block (12).

7. A composite universal elastic buffer damper for mitigating external impact according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixing plate (19) is fixedly connected to the surface of the limiting post (20), and a third spring (21) is fixedly connected to one end of the fixing plate (19). The third spring (21) is used to provide an inward restoring force to the limiting post (20).

8. A composite universal elastic buffer damper for mitigating external impact according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the fixed cylinder (9) is hinged to the top end of the telescopic rod (8) to accommodate the small-angle deflection of the fixed cylinder (9). Multiple anchor rods (24) are fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed shell (1) to anchor the fixed shell (1) during subsequent concrete pouring.

Images