Saturated ore rock open pit mine slope excavation method, device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of open-pit mine slope engineering, and discloses a saturated mine rock open-pit mine slope excavation method, device, equipment and storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: performing engineering geological and hydrogeological survey on the saturated mine rock open-pit mine, generating a geological model of the saturated mine rock open-pit mine based on the survey result; generating a target profile of the saturated mine rock open-pit mine slope based on the geological model, and constructing a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a heap loading body construction strategy based on the target profile of the saturated mine rock open-pit mine slope; performing slope excavation based on the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and the heap loading body construction strategy; in the process of slope excavation, when excavation reaches a preset key elevation, performing safety detection based on pore water pressure data collected by a pre-laid vertical pore water pressure monitoring array and displacement data collected by a slope radar, and when the safety detection passes, continuing to perform slope excavation. The safety of saturated mine rock slope excavation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of open-pit mine slope engineering technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium for excavating saturated rock open-pit mine slopes. Background Technology

[0002] When open-pit mines traverse thick ore layers, residual slope deposits, strongly weathered layers, or water-rich soft layers, slope stability is typically affected by low soil and rock strength, high pore water pressure, long slope exposure time, and the cumulative effects of construction disturbances. To ensure stability, conventional designs often employ methods such as reducing the overall slope angle, widening the platform, or decreasing the excavation depth. This increases stripping volume, reduces the recovery rate of deep ore bodies, and may be difficult to implement due to limitations imposed by existing facilities such as mine roads, conveyor corridors, and crushing stations.

[0003] In the current process of excavating slopes in saturated rock open-pit mines, reliance is often placed on single drainage holes, slope support, or traditional point-based displacement monitoring. Single drainage measures are insufficient to adequately reduce deep pore water pressure in a short time; traditional point-based displacement monitoring only reflects the status of a small number of monitoring points, making it difficult to cover the entire critical slope; and long-term continuous excavation creates a large instantaneous exposed area and a long exposure time, making the weak saturated oxide layer prone to local collapse, shallow slippage, or insufficient overall stability. These shortcomings result in low safety during the excavation of saturated rock slopes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for excavating slopes in saturated open-pit mines, the method comprising: Engineering geological and hydrogeological surveys were conducted on the saturated ore open-pit mine, and a geological model of the saturated ore open-pit mine was generated based on the survey results; Based on the geological model, a target profile map of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope is generated, and based on the target profile map of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope, a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a pile carrier construction strategy are constructed. Based on the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and the stacking carrier construction strategy, slope excavation is carried out; When the slope excavation reaches the preset critical elevation, a safety check is performed based on the pore water pressure data collected by the pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array and the displacement data collected by the slope radar. If the safety check result is that the check passes, the slope excavation continues.

[0005] In one embodiment, the geological model includes a three-dimensional geological model and a hydrogeological model. The step of conducting engineering geological and hydrogeological exploration of the saturated ore open-pit mine and generating a geological model of the saturated ore open-pit mine based on the exploration results includes: Engineering geological exploration is carried out by drilling in the saturated ore open-pit mine to obtain the thickness, spatial distribution and geomechanical parameters of each stratum in the saturated ore open-pit mine, and the three-dimensional geological model is generated based on the thickness, spatial distribution and geomechanical parameters of each stratum. The monitoring data of a pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array is obtained. Based on the monitoring data, pore water pressure contour lines and water level lines of the saturated ore open-pit mine are generated. Based on the pore water pressure contour lines and water level lines, the hydrogeological model is generated.

[0006] In one embodiment, the steps of generating a target profile of a saturated ore open-pit mine slope based on the geological model, and constructing a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a slab carrier construction strategy based on the target profile of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope, include: Based on the geological model, a slope stability calculation model is established; Based on the slope stability calculation model and the reference profile of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope, the safety factor is calculated. If the safety factor is higher than the preset safety threshold, the reference profile of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope is determined as the target profile of the rock open-pit mine slope, and a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a pile carrier construction strategy are constructed based on the target profile of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope. If the safety factor is lower than the preset safety threshold, the saturated ore open-pit mine slope profile is iteratively adjusted until the safety factor is higher than the preset safety threshold, and a target profile of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope is generated.

[0007] In one embodiment, the step of slope excavation based on the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and the slab carrier construction strategy includes: Based on the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy, in the target ore area of ​​the saturated open-pit mine, a predetermined number of independent construction units are divided, and box-type excavation and boulder replacement operations are carried out in sequence for each independent construction unit to form a drainage body in each independent construction unit. When forming a drainage body in each of the independent construction units, waste rock is piled up on top of the drainage body to form a pile carrier based on the pile carrier construction strategy.

[0008] In one embodiment, the method further includes: During the box excavation and riprap replacement operations for each of the independent construction units, the exposed area and exposure time of the independent construction unit are calculated. If the exposed area is less than the preset limit exposed area and the exposed time is not less than the preset limit exposed time, then the operation process is deemed compliant and the slope excavation continues. If the exposed area is not less than the preset limit exposed area, or the exposed time is less than the preset limit exposed time, then the operation process is determined to be non-compliant, and the construction strategy of the segmented box-type replacement drainage body and the construction strategy of the stack carrier are adjusted and optimized.

[0009] In one embodiment, the step of performing safety detection based on pore water pressure data collected by a pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array and displacement data collected by slope radar includes: Based on displacement data collected by pre-deployed slope radar, the displacement rate and displacement acceleration of the slope are calculated. The safety factor is calculated based on the pore water pressure data collected by the pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array. If the displacement rate, the displacement acceleration, and the safety factor all meet the preset safety conditions, then the safety test result is determined to be a pass. If the displacement rate, the displacement acceleration, or the safety factor does not meet the preset safety conditions, the safety test result is determined to be a failure.

[0010] In one embodiment, after the step of determining that the security detection result is a failure, the method includes: The slope excavation was suspended, and safety maintenance was carried out on the excavated areas based on safety protection measures, followed by a new safety inspection. Slope excavation continues until the displacement rate, displacement acceleration, and safety factor all meet the preset safety conditions.

[0011] This application also provides a device for excavating slopes in saturated rock open-pit mines, the device comprising: The exploration module is used to conduct engineering geological and hydrogeological exploration of saturated ore open-pit mines and generate a geological model of the saturated ore open-pit mine based on the exploration results. The construction module is used to generate a target profile map of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope based on the geological model, and to construct a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a pile carrier construction strategy based on the target profile map of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope. The execution module is used to perform slope excavation based on the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and the pile carrier construction strategy. The detection module is used to perform safety checks during slope excavation when the slope reaches a preset key elevation. This checks are based on pore water pressure data collected by a pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array and displacement data collected by slope radar. If the safety check result is "passed", the slope excavation continues.

[0012] This application also provides a computer device, which includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the above-described method for excavating slopes in saturated open-pit mines.

[0013] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when run on a processor, executes the above-described method for excavating slopes in saturated open-pit mines.

[0014] The embodiments of this application have the following beneficial effects: This application embodiment conducts engineering geological and hydrogeological surveys of a saturated ore open-pit mine, generates a geological model of the saturated ore open-pit mine based on the survey results, generates a target profile map of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope based on the geological model, and constructs a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a pile carrier construction strategy based on the target profile map of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope, and performs slope excavation based on the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and the pile carrier construction strategy; when the slope excavation process detects that the excavation has reached a preset key elevation, a safety check is performed based on the pore water pressure data collected by the pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array and the displacement data collected by the slope radar, and when the safety check passes, the slope excavation continues. By adopting an open-pit mine slope excavation method based on hydrogeological modeling and stability calculation, and centered on segmented box-type replacement drainage, substructure anti-sliding, and dynamic monitoring and control, the exposed area, exposure time, pore water pressure, and slope deformation of the construction unit are all in a calculable, monitorable, and release-ready state. This avoids the slope stability being usually affected by low rock and soil strength, high pore water pressure, long slope exposure time, and the superposition of construction disturbances, thus improving the safety of slope excavation in saturated ore and rock. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and therefore should not be considered as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation method provided in this application; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the second embodiment of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation method provided in this application; Figure 3 Stratigraphic profile of the saturated ore open-pit mine provided in this application; Figure 4 A schematic flowchart illustrating the third embodiment of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation method provided in this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a target profile of a saturated ore open-pit mine slope provided in this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another target profile of a saturated ore open-pit mine slope provided for this application; Figure 7 A schematic flowchart of the fourth embodiment of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation method provided in this application; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the construction of the segmented box-type replacement drainage body and the construction of the stacking carrier provided in this application; Figure 9 A schematic flowchart of the fifth embodiment of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation method provided in this application; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the layout of the vertical pore water pressure monitoring array provided in this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation device provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0018] The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0019] In the following, the terms “comprising,” “having,” and their cognates, which may be used in various embodiments of this application, are intended only to indicate a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination thereof, and should not be construed as excluding, firstly, the presence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof, or adding the possibility of one or more features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0020] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the various embodiments of this application pertain. Terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) shall be interpreted as having the same meaning as in their contextual meaning in the relevant technical field and shall not be construed as having an idealized or overly formal meaning, unless clearly defined in the various embodiments of this application.

[0022] It is understood that the method of this application is applied to the monitoring system for slope excavation in saturated open-pit mines. The monitoring system for slope excavation in saturated open-pit mines can be mounted on devices such as smart terminals, PC terminals, and mobile terminals, and is not limited thereto.

[0023] The following detailed description of some embodiments of this application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a first embodiment of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation method provided in this application. The method includes: Step S101: Conduct engineering geological and hydrogeological surveys of the saturated ore open-pit mine, and generate a geological model of the saturated ore open-pit mine based on the survey results.

[0025] In this embodiment, the saturated ore open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system uses surveying equipment installed on the saturated ore open-pit mine slope to conduct engineering geological and hydrogeological surveys of the saturated ore open-pit mine, and generates a geological model of the saturated ore open-pit mine based on the survey results. The surveying equipment includes drilling equipment and a vertical pore water pressure monitoring array. The geological model includes a geological model containing Quaternary, ore-bearing, and hard rock layers, and a hydrogeological model containing isobars and pore water pressure contour lines.

[0026] Step S102: Generate a target profile of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope based on the geological model, and construct a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a pile carrier construction strategy based on the target profile of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope.

[0027] In this embodiment, the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system generates a target profile map of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope based on a geological model, and constructs a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a slab load construction strategy based on the target profile map. It should be noted that the target profile map of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope adopts a composite overall slope angle with a steep upper section and a gentler lower section. Load reduction measures are implemented on the upper slope of the rock area, while drainage and slab load measures are implemented on the lower slope of the rock area to form a construction guidance profile map of the composite overall slope angle. The segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy includes three stages: construction section division, box-type excavation operation, and time-limited riprap replacement, constructing the drainage body within the slope platform area where the rock is distributed. The slab load construction strategy involves layering and piling mine stripped waste rock above the drainage body to form a slab load counterweight layer, which, together with the drainage body, constitutes the slope toe reinforcement system.

[0028] Step S103: Based on the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and the pile carrier construction strategy, slope excavation is carried out.

[0029] In this embodiment, after determining the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and the slab load construction strategy, the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system controls the corresponding excavation equipment to execute the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy to construct a drainage body within the slope platform area where the rock is distributed. It also controls the corresponding slab load equipment to execute the slab load construction strategy, using layered backfilling of mine stripped waste rock to form a counterweight layer. By alternately executing the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and the slab load construction strategy, continuous excavation of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope is achieved.

[0030] It should be noted that the load reduction measures include: lowering the elevation of the adjacent pit top road, locally narrowing the width of the upper steps, and optimizing the local slope. Drainage and surcharge measures include: using free-draining boulders and mine waste rock for layered backfilling at the lower part of the ore slope. Excavation work adopts a half-step construction method. After each half-step is excavated, the corresponding replacement drainage body and surcharge body are immediately constructed. The top elevation of the surcharge body is not lower than the corresponding design step elevation. The top elevation of the drainage body is not lower than 1 / 4 of the corresponding design step elevation and not higher than 1 / 2 of the corresponding design step elevation. Excavation and backfilling are completed continuously within 24 hours to maintain the short-term stability of the slope during construction. Box-type excavation adopts a full-width integral excavation method for the slope platform, with the excavation width consistent with the design width of the slope platform at the corresponding location. After excavation, a regular box-shaped working space is formed, ensuring that the drainage layer is continuously connected along the full width of the platform after replacement. The drainage body can also be formed using narrow trench-type drainage excavation.

[0031] Step S104: When the slope excavation reaches the preset key elevation during the process of slope excavation, a safety test is performed based on the pore water pressure data collected by the pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array and the displacement data collected by the slope radar. When the safety test result is that the test is passed, the slope excavation continues.

[0032] In this embodiment, the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system detects that the excavation has reached a preset critical elevation during the slope excavation process. Based on pore water pressure data collected by a pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array and displacement data collected by slope radar, a safety check is performed. If the safety check result is "passed," slope excavation continues. It should be noted that both the pore water pressure data and displacement data must meet preset safety conditions for the safety check result to be considered "passed." In other words, safety checks are performed on the slope simultaneously with excavation, providing real-time monitoring of the safety of the excavating slope.

[0033] The saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system of this embodiment conducts engineering geological and hydrogeological surveys of the saturated rock open-pit mine, generates a geological model of the saturated rock open-pit mine based on the survey results, generates a target profile map of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope based on the geological model, and constructs a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a pile carrier construction strategy based on the target profile map of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope. Based on the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and the pile carrier construction strategy, slope excavation is carried out. When the slope excavation reaches the preset key elevation during the slope excavation process, a safety check is performed based on the pore water pressure data collected by the pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array and the displacement data collected by the slope radar. When the safety check passes, the slope excavation continues. By adopting an open-pit mine slope excavation method based on hydrogeological modeling and stability calculation, and centered on segmented box-type replacement drainage, substructure anti-sliding, and dynamic monitoring and control, the exposed area, exposure time, pore water pressure, and slope deformation of the construction unit are all in a calculable, monitorable, and release-ready state. This avoids the slope stability being usually affected by low rock and soil strength, high pore water pressure, long slope exposure time, and the superposition of construction disturbances, thus improving the safety of slope excavation in saturated ore and rock.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a second embodiment of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation method provided in this application. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the geological model includes a three-dimensional geological model and a hydrogeological model. The step of conducting engineering geological and hydrogeological surveys of the saturated rock open-pit mine and generating a geological model of the saturated rock open-pit mine based on the survey results includes: Step S201: Conduct engineering geological surveys by drilling exploration boreholes in the saturated ore open-pit mine to obtain the thickness, spatial distribution, and geotechnical mechanical parameters of each stratum in the saturated ore open-pit mine, and generate the three-dimensional geological model based on the thickness, spatial distribution, and geotechnical mechanical parameters of each stratum.

[0035] Step S202: Obtain monitoring data from a pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array; generate pore water pressure contour lines and water level lines for the saturated ore open-pit mine based on the monitoring data; and generate the hydrogeological model based on the pore water pressure contour lines and water level lines.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3This application provides a stratigraphic profile of a saturated rock open-pit mine, showing exploration boreholes, a vertical pore water pressure monitoring array, and pore water pressure contour lines. The saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system conducts engineering geological surveys using exploration boreholes to obtain the thickness, spatial distribution, and geotechnical parameters of various strata within the mine. Based on these parameters, a three-dimensional geological model is generated. Monitoring data from a pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array is acquired. Within the same monitoring borehole, multiple piezometers are deployed vertically along the strata at key depths, covering the water table, oxide layer, hard rock layer, and potential slip zone. Based on the monitoring data, pore water pressure contour lines and isohyets of the saturated rock open-pit mine are generated, and a hydrogeological model is constructed based on these contour lines. Understandably, the saturated rock open-pit slope excavation monitoring system conducts geological and hydrogeological surveys of the saturated rock open-pit mine. It acquires the distribution range, thickness, geotechnical parameters, and initial pore water pressure distribution of the ore and rock through boreholes and vertical pore water pressure monitoring arrays. This allows for the establishment of a three-dimensional geological model including the Quaternary strata, ore-bearing layers, and hard rock layers, as well as a hydrogeological model including isolines of pore water pressure and isolines of pore water pressure in the saturated rock open-pit mine. The three-dimensional geological model includes the thickness, spatial distribution, and geotechnical parameters of the Quaternary strata, ore-bearing layers, and hard rock layers; the hydrogeological model includes isolines of pore water pressure and isolines of pore water level in the saturated rock open-pit mine.

[0037] In one embodiment, taking the deep ore slope excavation project of a large open-pit gold mine as an example, the maximum vertical thickness of the ore can reach more than 60m, the length of the treatment section is 240m, the total height of the slope is 96m, and the entire area is below the groundwater level and in a saturated state. The effective cohesion of the ore soil is c′=6kPa, the effective internal friction angle is φ′=20°, and the permeability coefficient is k=5×10 With a flow rate of 7 cm / s, the permeability is extremely poor. After excavation, the pore water pressure dissipates slowly, resulting in a significant risk of slope instability during the construction period. The monitoring system for slope excavation in a saturated open-pit gold mine requires the establishment of a three-dimensional geological model and a hydrogeological model. The following steps are performed: 1. Geological exploration: Six exploratory boreholes are drilled along the slope direction, with a depth penetrating the oxide layer and reaching at least 5m into the underlying hard rock layer. Core sampling is used to obtain the thickness, spatial distribution, and geotechnical parameters of each stratum. 2. Monitoring array deployment: Two typical design sections are selected, and one set of vertical pore water pressure monitoring arrays (VWP arrays) is deployed in each section. Each array corresponds to one monitoring borehole, with five vibrating wire pore water pressure gauges deployed vertically in layers within the borehole. The measuring points correspond to the vicinity of the water table, the upper part of the oxide layer, the middle part of the oxide layer, the bottom interface of the oxide layer, and 2m into the underlying hard rock layer, respectively. 3. Model construction: A three-dimensional geological model including the Quaternary, oxide, and hard rock layers is established based on the exploration data. The initial pore water pressure at each measuring point is calculated using the following formula: ui(t0)=γw[Hi(t0)] [zi], where ui(t0) is the pore water pressure (kPa) at the initial moment before excavation at the i-th measuring point; γw is the unit weight of water, taken as 10kN / m 3 Hi(t0) is the initial piezometric head elevation (m); zi is the elevation of the measuring point (m); the initial piezometric head of the measuring point in the middle of the oxide layer is 12m higher than the measuring point elevation, and the initial pore water pressure ui(t0) is calculated to be 120kPa; based on the above calculation, the initial pore water pressure contour lines and isostatic lines are generated, and a hydrogeological model is constructed.

[0038] This embodiment of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system involves conducting geological surveys through exploration boreholes in the saturated rock open-pit mine. Based on the thickness, spatial distribution, and geotechnical parameters of various strata within the saturated rock open-pit mine, a three-dimensional geological model is generated. Monitoring data from a pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array is acquired, generating pore water pressure contour lines and isohyet lines for the saturated rock open-pit mine. Based on these contour lines, a hydrogeological model is then generated. This system enables the construction of three-dimensional geological and hydrogeological models of the saturated rock open-pit mine before slope excavation, providing feedback on the thickness, spatial distribution, geotechnical parameters, pore water pressure contour lines, and isohyet lines, thereby improving the accuracy and safety of subsequent slope excavation.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4This is a flowchart illustrating the third embodiment of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation method provided in this application. The difference between the third embodiment and the first to second embodiments lies in the steps of generating a target profile of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope based on the geological model, and constructing a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a slab carrier construction strategy based on the target profile of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope, including: Step S301: Based on the geological model, establish a slope stability calculation model; Step S302: Calculate the safety factor based on the slope stability calculation model and the reference profile of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope.

[0040] Step S303: If the safety factor is higher than the preset safety threshold, the reference profile of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope is determined as the target profile of the rock open-pit mine slope, and a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a pile carrier construction strategy are constructed based on the target profile of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope.

[0041] Step S304: If the safety factor is lower than the preset safety threshold, the saturated ore open-pit mine slope profile is iteratively adjusted until the safety factor is higher than the preset safety threshold, and a target profile of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope is generated.

[0042] In this embodiment, the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system, based on a geological model, employs the limit equilibrium method combined with numerical simulation to calculate slope stability and establish a slope stability calculation model. Based on preset conditions such as a composite slope angle with a steep upper section and a gentle lower section, load reduction measures on the upper slope of the rock area, and drainage and surcharge measures on the lower slope of the rock area, a reference profile of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope is generated. Then, based on the slope stability calculation model and the reference profile, a safety factor is calculated. If the safety factor is higher than a preset safety threshold, the reference profile is designated as the target profile. A segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a surcharge construction strategy are then constructed based on the target profile. If the safety factor is lower than the preset safety threshold, the saturated rock open-pit mine slope profile is iteratively adjusted until the safety factor exceeds the preset safety threshold, at which point the target profile is generated. The safety factor includes a short-term safety factor and a long-term safety factor. The preset safety threshold includes a short-term safety threshold and a long-term safety threshold. The safety requirements are met only if the short-term safety factor is higher than the short-term safety threshold and the long-term safety factor is higher than the long-term safety threshold.

[0043] In one embodiment, the monitoring system for slope excavation in a saturated open-pit mine is based on a three-dimensional geological model and a hydrogeological model. It employs the limit equilibrium method combined with numerical simulation to calculate slope stability and iteratively optimizes the slope profile morphology: 1. A composite overall slope angle with a steep upper section and a gentler lower section is adopted: the designed slope angle for the upper hard rock section is 45°, and the designed slope angle for the lower section with concentrated ore distribution is 36°, reducing the sliding moment in the weak layer section; 2. Upper load reduction measures: the elevation of the road adjacent to the pit top is lowered by 1.5m, and local sections are shortened... 1. Narrow upper step width of 2m: Optimize local slope ratio and reduce additional load at the slope top; 2. Lower drainage and surcharge measures: Set up box-type replacement drainage body and riprap counterweight structure in the lower slope toe area of ​​the ore bed. Drain groundwater through permeable riprap filling, and increase the anti-sliding moment at the slope toe by surcharge; 3. Safety factor verification: Calculate the slope stability safety factor for short-term construction conditions and long-term operation conditions respectively. The safety factor for short-term construction conditions should not be less than 1.1, and the safety factor for long-term operation conditions should not be less than 1.3. After iterative optimization, the initial design short-term safety factor of this embodiment is 1.12, and the long-term safety factor is 1.34, which meets the design requirements.

[0044] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a target profile of a saturated rock open-pit mine slope provided in this application; the target profile of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope shows the original overall slope line, load-bearing structure, drainage body, and pore water pressure distribution, wherein the drainage body is a wide trench type drainage body. Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another target profile of a saturated rock open-pit mine slope provided in this application; the target profile of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope shows the original design overall slope line, load-bearing structure, drainage body and pore water pressure distribution, wherein the drainage body is a narrow trench type drainage body.

[0045] This embodiment of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system is based on a three-dimensional geological model and a hydrogeological model. It employs the limit equilibrium method combined with numerical simulation to calculate slope stability and iteratively optimizes the generation of target profile maps for the saturated rock open-pit mine slope. This improves the accuracy of the profile map design, thereby enhancing the accuracy of the construction strategies for segmented box-type replacement drainage bodies and embankment construction, ultimately contributing to the accuracy and safety of subsequent slope excavation.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the fourth embodiment of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation method provided in this application. The difference between the fourth embodiment and the first to third embodiments lies in the fact that the steps for slope excavation based on the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and the pile carrier construction strategy include: Step S401: Based on the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy, a predetermined number of independent construction units are divided within the target ore area in the saturated open-pit mine, and box-type excavation and boulder replacement operations are carried out sequentially for each independent construction unit to form a drainage body in each independent construction unit.

[0047] In this embodiment, the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system is based on a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy. Within the target rock area of ​​the saturated rock open-pit mine, a preset number of independent construction units are divided, and the corresponding excavation equipment is controlled to perform box-type excavation and boulder replacement operations on each independent construction unit in sequence, so as to form a drainage body in each independent construction unit.

[0048] In one embodiment, the construction process of the segmented box-type replacement drainage body is as follows: 1. The treatment area is divided into 12 independent construction units along the slope direction, with a standard length of 20m per segment. The process is carried out segment by segment using a continuous flow operation, and the instantaneous exposure range of the slope is strictly controlled. For each construction unit, the slope platform is excavated in its entirety (box-type excavation), and the excavation width is consistent with the design width of the corresponding platform (12m). The excavation depth penetrates the bottom of the oxide layer and enters the hard rock layer by 1m, completely removing the in-situ saturated oxidized soft soil. After the excavation of a single segment is completed, well-graded permeable boulders are backfilled and compacted in layers within 24 hours to form a continuous drainage and infiltration body. The boulders have a particle size of 100~300mm and a permeability coefficient greater than 0.1cm / s to ensure drainage efficiency.

[0049] In one embodiment, the method further includes: Step S4011: During the box excavation and riprap replacement operations for each independent construction unit, calculate the exposed area and exposure time of the independent construction unit.

[0050] In step S4012, if the exposed area is less than the preset limit exposed area and the exposed time is not less than the preset limit exposed time, then the operation process is determined to be compliant, and slope excavation continues.

[0051] Step S4013: If the exposed area is not less than the preset limit exposed area, or the exposed time is less than the preset limit exposed time, then the operation process is determined to be non-compliant, and the construction strategy of the segmented box-type replacement drainage body and the construction strategy of the stack carrier are adjusted and optimized.

[0052] In this embodiment, during the box-type excavation and riprap replacement operations for each independent construction unit, the saturated open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system calculates the exposed area and exposure time of the independent construction unit. If the exposed area is less than the preset limit exposed area and the exposure time is not less than the preset limit exposure time, the operation process is determined to be compliant, and slope excavation continues. If the exposed area is not less than the preset limit exposed area or the exposure time is less than the preset limit exposure time, the operation process is determined to be non-compliant, and the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and the pile carrier construction strategy are adjusted and optimized.

[0053] In one embodiment, the formula for calculating the instantaneous exposed area of ​​a single construction unit is: Ai=Li×Hi / sinθ, where Li is the length of the construction unit along the slope direction, which is taken as 20m in one embodiment; Hi is the vertical exposed height, which is taken as 6m for half-height step construction in one embodiment; and θ is the slope angle, which is taken as 36° in one embodiment.

[0054] In one embodiment, the formula for calculating the preset limit exposure area of ​​a single construction unit is: Alim = λHi 2 Fs / FT, where λ is the correction coefficient for the softness of the rock mass, which is 7 in one embodiment (the value ranges from 3 to 12, and the value is smaller for the softer the rock mass); Fs is the safety factor for the current construction conditions; and FT is the target safety factor threshold.

[0055] In one embodiment, the formula for calculating the exposure time of a single construction unit from the completion of excavation to the end of backfilling is: Ti = t fill,i t open,i In the formula, t open,i The moment when the design exposure surface is formed for the construction unit; t fill,i The time for completing the riprap replacement is specified. In one embodiment, the preset maximum exposure time is 24 hours.

[0056] In step S402, when forming a drainage body in each of the independent construction units, waste rock is piled up above the drainage body to form a pile carrier based on the pile carrier construction strategy.

[0057] In this embodiment, when forming a drainage body in each independent construction unit, the saturated ore open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system uses a slab load construction strategy to fill waste rock above the drainage body to form a slab load. In one embodiment, the slab load construction process is as follows: above the box-type replacement drainage body, mine stripping waste rock is used to form a slab load counterweight layer through layered filling, which together with the drainage body constitutes the slope toe reinforcement system: the slab load is constructed synchronously with the excavation process, and after the excavation and drainage body construction of each half-height step are completed, the slab load operation at the corresponding elevation is immediately carried out; the slab load is compacted in layers, each layer is 0.8m thick, and the compaction degree is not less than 90%, and the top elevation of the slab load is level with the corresponding design step elevation; the top elevation of the drainage body is located at 1 / 3 of the height of the corresponding step, which ensures both the drainage coverage of the drainage layer and reserves sufficient slab load thickness, achieving optimal synergy between drainage and reinforcement.

[0058] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction and the riprap construction provided in this application. A segmented excavation method is adopted, with the drainage body and riprap constructed sequentially in each construction unit. During the box-type excavation and riprap replacement operations for each independent construction unit, the exposed area and exposure time of each unit are calculated. Based on the exposed area and exposure time, the compliance of the operation process is determined before slope excavation continues.

[0059] The saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system in this embodiment is based on a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy. Within the target ore area of ​​the saturated rock open-pit mine, a predetermined number of independent construction units are divided. Box-type excavation and riprap replacement are performed sequentially on each independent construction unit to form a drainage body. While forming the drainage body in each independent construction unit, a waste rock pile is placed on top of the drainage body to form a riprap, based on a riprap construction strategy. By constructing the drainage body and riprap through segmented excavation, the instability factors associated with a single, large-scale excavation are avoided. Simultaneously, the exposed area and exposure time of each independent construction unit are calculated. Based on the exposed area and exposure time, compliance with the work process is ensured before continuing slope excavation, thus improving the safety of slope excavation.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the fifth embodiment of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation method provided in this application. The difference between the fifth embodiment and the first to fourth embodiments lies in the step of performing safety detection based on pore water pressure data collected by a pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array and displacement data collected by slope radar, which includes: Step S501: Calculate the displacement rate and displacement acceleration of the slope based on the displacement data collected by the pre-deployed slope radar.

[0061] In this embodiment, the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system calculates the slope displacement rate and acceleration based on displacement data collected by pre-deployed slope radar. In one embodiment, a slope stability monitoring radar is erected on a stable bedrock platform opposite the saturated rock open-pit mine slope. The erection location is approximately 750m horizontally away from the treated slope surface. The radar scans the entire rock slope and the surface of the support structure, with a scanning cycle of 30 minutes, acquiring the radar line-of-sight displacement field Dr(x,y,t) across the entire slope. Based on the continuous scan data, the displacement rate at each point on the slope is calculated: vr(x,y,tk)=(Dr(x,y,tk)k)=(Dr(x,y,tk)k)k)k)k)k)k)k)k)k)k)k) k ) Dr(x,y,t k 1))×(t k t k 1) Calculate the displacement acceleration at each point on the slope: ar(x,y,tk)=(vr(x,y,tk)) k ) vr(x,y,t k 1))×(t k t k 1); where vr is the radar line-of-sight displacement rate (mm / d); ar is the displacement acceleration (mm / d²); t k t k 1 represents the time between two consecutive radar scans.

[0062] Step S502: Calculate the safety factor based on the pore water pressure data collected by the pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array.

[0063] In this embodiment, as Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the deployment of the vertical pore water pressure monitoring array provided in this application. One set of vertical pore water pressure monitoring arrays is deployed at each of the two key design sections of the saturated rock open-pit mine. Each set contains five vibrating wire piezometers, with a sampling frequency of once per hour, collecting pore water pressure data at different depths in real time and interpreting it to generate pore water pressure contour lines. In one embodiment, the pore water pressure dissipation is calculated using the following formula: Δui(t) = ui(t0) ui(t), where Δui(t) is the pore water pressure data at time t relative to the initial state; ui(t) is the measured pore water pressure at time t. The monitoring system for saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation substitutes the measured pore water pressure data into the slope stability calculation model, and uses the effective stress limit equilibrium expression to update the current working condition safety factor: Fs=∑Wj×sinαj×∑[cj′×lj+(Wj×cosαj) [uj×lj)tanφj′]+Rb, where: j is the sliding body segment number of the saturated ore open-pit mine; cj′ and φj′ are the effective cohesion and effective internal friction angle of the j-th sliding surface of the saturated ore open-pit mine, respectively; lj is the length of the sliding surface of the saturated ore open-pit mine; Wj is the self-weight of the segment; αj is the inclination angle of the sliding surface of the segment; uj is the pore water pressure data determined by monitoring data; and Rb is the increment of anti-sliding torque provided by the drainage body and the pile carrier.

[0064] Step S503: If the displacement rate, the displacement acceleration, and the safety factor all meet the preset safety conditions, then the safety detection result is determined to be a successful detection.

[0065] Step S504: If the displacement rate, the displacement acceleration, or the safety factor does not meet the preset safety conditions, then the safety detection result is determined to be a failure.

[0066] In this embodiment, after determining the displacement rate, displacement acceleration, and safety factor, the monitoring system for saturated open-pit mine slope excavation compares the displacement rate with a displacement rate warning threshold, the displacement acceleration with a displacement acceleration warning threshold, and the safety factor with a preset safety threshold. If the displacement rate is not greater than the displacement rate warning threshold, the displacement acceleration is not greater than the displacement acceleration warning threshold, and the safety factor is not less than the preset safety threshold, then the current construction is determined to meet the preset safety conditions, and the safety test result is determined to be a pass. If the displacement rate is greater than the displacement rate warning threshold, the displacement acceleration is greater than the displacement acceleration warning threshold, or the safety factor is less than the preset safety threshold, then the current construction is determined to not meet the preset safety conditions, and the safety test result is determined to be a fail.

[0067] In one embodiment, after the step of determining that the security detection result is a failure, the method includes: Step S5041: Suspend slope excavation, and conduct safety maintenance on the excavated area based on safety protection measures, and re-inspect the safety.

[0068] Step S5042: Continue slope excavation until the displacement rate, displacement acceleration, and safety factor all meet the preset safety conditions.

[0069] In this embodiment, when the safety test result is determined to be unsuccessful, the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system suspends the slope excavation and takes targeted measures such as enhanced drainage, local load reduction, reduction of construction unit length, and increase of surcharge thickness to maintain the safety of the excavated area. The system then conducts a safety test again until the displacement rate, displacement acceleration, and safety factor are all determined to meet the preset safety conditions before resuming the slope excavation.

[0070] The saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation monitoring system of this embodiment uses pore water pressure data collected by a pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array and displacement data collected by slope radar to perform safety detection on the slope during the excavation process. Only when the displacement rate, displacement acceleration and safety factor meet the preset safety conditions can the slope excavation continue. This achieves all-round monitoring of the excavation process and improves the safety of slope excavation.

[0071] refer to Figure 11 , Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation device provided in this application. The saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation device includes: The exploration module 10 is used to conduct geological and hydrogeological exploration of saturated ore open-pit mines and generate a geological model of the saturated ore open-pit mine based on the exploration results.

[0072] The construction module 20 is used to generate a target profile of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope based on the geological model, and to construct a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a pile carrier construction strategy based on the target profile of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope.

[0073] The execution module 30 is used to perform slope excavation based on the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and the stacked carrier construction strategy.

[0074] The detection module 40 is used to perform a safety check when the slope excavation reaches a preset key elevation, based on the pore water pressure data collected by the pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array and the displacement data collected by the slope radar. When the safety check result is that the check is passed, the slope excavation continues.

[0075] It is understood that the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation device of this embodiment corresponds to the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation method of the above embodiment. The options in the above embodiment are also applicable to this embodiment, so they will not be described again here.

[0076] This application also provides a computer device, exemplary of which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer device to perform the above-described method for excavating saturated rock open-pit mine slopes by running the computer program.

[0077] The processor can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. The processor can be a general-purpose processor, including at least one of a Central Processing Unit (CPU), Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), Network Processor (NP), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, capable of implementing or executing the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

[0078] The memory can be, but is not limited to, Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), etc. The memory is used to store computer programs, and the processor can execute the computer programs accordingly after receiving execution instructions.

[0079] This application also provides a computer storage medium for storing the computer program used in the aforementioned computer device. The computer storage medium can be a readable storage medium, a non-volatile storage medium, or a volatile storage medium. For example, the computer storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0080] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that, in alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0081] In addition, the functional modules or units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0082] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a smartphone, personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0083] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for excavating slopes in saturated open-pit mines, characterized in that, The method includes: Engineering geological and hydrogeological surveys were conducted on the saturated ore open-pit mine, and a geological model of the saturated ore open-pit mine was generated based on the survey results; Based on the geological model, a target profile map of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope is generated, and based on the target profile map of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope, a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a pile carrier construction strategy are constructed. Based on the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and the stacking carrier construction strategy, slope excavation is carried out; When the slope excavation reaches the preset critical elevation, a safety check is performed based on the pore water pressure data collected by the pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array and the displacement data collected by the slope radar. If the safety check result is that the check passes, the slope excavation continues.

2. The method for excavating slopes in saturated open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The geological model includes a three-dimensional geological model and a hydrogeological model. The step of conducting engineering geological and hydrogeological exploration of the saturated ore open-pit mine and generating a geological model of the saturated ore open-pit mine based on the exploration results includes: Engineering geological exploration is carried out by drilling in the saturated ore open-pit mine to obtain the thickness, spatial distribution and geomechanical parameters of each stratum in the saturated ore open-pit mine, and the three-dimensional geological model is generated based on the thickness, spatial distribution and geomechanical parameters of each stratum. The monitoring data of a pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array is obtained. Based on the monitoring data, pore water pressure contour lines and water level lines of the saturated ore open-pit mine are generated. Based on the pore water pressure contour lines and water level lines, the hydrogeological model is generated.

3. The method for excavating slopes in saturated open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of generating a target profile map of a saturated ore open-pit mine slope based on the geological model, and constructing a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a slab carrier construction strategy based on the target profile map of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope, include: Based on the geological model, a slope stability calculation model is established; Based on the slope stability calculation model and the reference profile of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope, the safety factor is calculated. If the safety factor is higher than the preset safety threshold, the reference profile of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope is determined as the target profile of the rock open-pit mine slope, and a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a pile carrier construction strategy are constructed based on the target profile of the saturated rock open-pit mine slope. If the safety factor is lower than the preset safety threshold, the saturated ore open-pit mine slope profile is iteratively adjusted until the safety factor is higher than the preset safety threshold, and a target profile of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope is generated.

4. The method for excavating slopes in saturated open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for slope excavation based on the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and the pile carrier construction strategy include: Based on the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy, in the target ore area of ​​the saturated open-pit mine, a predetermined number of independent construction units are divided, and box-type excavation and boulder replacement operations are carried out in sequence for each independent construction unit to form a drainage body in each independent construction unit. When forming a drainage body in each of the independent construction units, waste rock is piled up on top of the drainage body to form a pile carrier based on the pile carrier construction strategy.

5. The method for excavating slopes in saturated open-pit mines according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: During the box excavation and riprap replacement operations for each of the independent construction units, the exposed area and exposure time of the independent construction unit are calculated. If the exposed area is less than the preset limit exposed area and the exposed time is not less than the preset limit exposed time, then the operation process is deemed compliant and the slope excavation continues. If the exposed area is not less than the preset limit exposed area, or the exposed time is less than the preset limit exposed time, then the operation process is determined to be non-compliant, and the construction strategy of the segmented box-type replacement drainage body and the construction strategy of the stack carrier are adjusted and optimized.

6. The method for excavating slopes in saturated open-pit mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for safety detection based on pore water pressure data collected by a pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array and displacement data collected by slope radar include: Based on displacement data collected by pre-deployed slope radar, the displacement rate and displacement acceleration of the slope are calculated. The safety factor is calculated based on the pore water pressure data collected by the pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array. If the displacement rate, the displacement acceleration, and the safety factor all meet the preset safety conditions, then the safety test result is determined to be a pass. If the displacement rate, the displacement acceleration, or the safety factor does not meet the preset safety conditions, the safety test result is determined to be a failure.

7. The method for excavating slopes in saturated open-pit mines according to claim 6, characterized in that, After the step of determining that the security test result is a failure, the following steps are included: The slope excavation was suspended, and safety maintenance was carried out on the excavated areas based on safety protection measures, followed by a new safety inspection. Slope excavation continues until the displacement rate, displacement acceleration, and safety factor all meet the preset safety conditions.

8. A device for excavating slopes in saturated open-pit mines, characterized in that, The saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation device includes: The exploration module is used to conduct engineering geological and hydrogeological exploration of saturated ore open-pit mines and generate a geological model of the saturated ore open-pit mine based on the exploration results. The construction module is used to generate a target profile map of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope based on the geological model, and to construct a segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and a pile carrier construction strategy based on the target profile map of the saturated ore open-pit mine slope. The execution module is used to perform slope excavation based on the segmented box-type replacement drainage body construction strategy and the pile carrier construction strategy. The detection module is used to detect when the slope excavation reaches a preset key elevation. Based on the pore water pressure data collected by the pre-deployed vertical pore water pressure monitoring array and the displacement data collected by the slope radar, a safety detection is performed. When the safety detection result is that the detection is passed, the slope excavation continues.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, The computer device includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the saturated rock open-pit mine slope excavation method according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when run on a processor, executes the method for excavating saturated rock open-pit mine slopes according to any one of claims 1-7.

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