Open-cut tunnel deformation joint drainage and prevention integrated structure and drainage system

Abstract

The application provides a kind of open cut tunnel deformation joint prevents and drains integrated structure and drainage system, system includes waterstop main part, waterstop main part adopts the belt-shaped matrix with elasticity, the middle part is provided with drainage groove, filter strip is arranged in drainage groove, and the two side walls of drainage groove opening are provided with limit protrusions, and filter strip is mechanically locked in groove;Drainage groove end is provided with the circular pipe head formed with waterstop one-time moulding, and the outer wall of circular pipe head is provided with annular waterstop rib, and end is connected with horizontal water guide pipe through socket joint;Horizontal water guide pipe end is provided with inspection well, and inspection well is communicated with blind ditch through pre-buried short pipe;Deformation joint top is provided with water receiving box, and is communicated with blind ditch through water receiving pipe, and blind ditch simultaneously collects water receiving box water and inspection well water;Structure outside is provided with independent drainage open ditch to collect ground runoff, and drainage open ditch and blind ditch end are all flowed into water collecting well).The application is discharged along the path of leakage water and ground moisture, gravity drainage throughout, without external power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of waterproofing and drainage technology of building structures, and particularly relates to an integrated structure and drainage system for waterproofing and drainage of expansion joints in open-cut tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional embedded waterstops only have a water-stopping function and cannot actively drain leaked water. During long-term service, minor interface leakage between the waterstop and the concrete can lead to water accumulation inside the expansion joint, causing corrosion of the structural steel bars, frost heave damage, or the spread of leakage. Although some existing technologies have waterstop designs with built-in drainage channels, they still have shortcomings such as easy detachment of the filter strips and incomplete drainage paths. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated structure and drainage system for expansion joint prevention in open-cut tunnels, so as to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: On one hand, an integrated structure for preventing and draining expansion joints in open-cut tunnels is provided, comprising a waterstop body, the waterstop body including an elastic strip-shaped substrate, a drainage groove provided along the length of the strip-shaped substrate in the middle, a filter strip provided in the drainage groove, and a limiting protrusion protruding into the groove on each side wall of the opening of the drainage groove, the limiting protrusions extending continuously along the length of the drainage groove, the filter strip being confined within the drainage groove by the limiting protrusions; the end of the drainage groove is provided with an outwardly projecting circular pipe head, the end of the circular pipe head being connected to a transverse water guide pipe corresponding to the location of the expansion joint.

[0005] Furthermore, in the integrated structure for preventing and draining expansion joints in the open-cut tunnel, the filter strip is made of hydrolysis-resistant polyurethane foam, which completely fills the inner cavity space of the drainage channel located below the limiting protrusion, and the top surface of the filter strip is tightly fitted with the bottom surface of the limiting protrusion.

[0006] Furthermore, in the integrated structure for preventing and draining expansion joints in the open-cut tunnel, the circular pipe head and the main body of the waterstop are molded together in one piece, the outer wall of the circular pipe head is provided with annular waterstop ribs, and the end of the circular pipe head is provided with a socket for connection with the transverse water guide pipe.

[0007] On the other hand, a drainage system is provided, comprising a manhole, a blind drain, a water collection box, an open drainage ditch, a sump, and an integrated expansion joint drainage structure as described in any one of the above. The manhole is located at the end of the transverse water guide pipe, and the manhole has a drainage hole at its bottom or side wall. The water collection box is located at the top or side wall of the expansion joint. The water collection box and the drainage hole are connected to the blind drain. The blind drain is used to collect water from both the water collection box and the manhole. The open drainage ditch is located outside the integrated expansion joint drainage structure and is used to collect surface runoff. The ends of the open drainage ditch and the blind drain both flow into the sump.

[0008] Furthermore, in the drainage system, the drainage ditch is an uncovered shallow ditch.

[0009] Furthermore, in the drainage system, the blind drain is filled with graded crushed stone or pebbles with a particle size of 40-80mm and surrounded by permeable geotextile.

[0010] Furthermore, in the drainage system, the drainage ditch has a slope of not less than 0.5% along its longitudinal direction, with the slope facing the water collection well. The drainage ditch is located above the blind ditch and is a partially removable structure.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of this invention are: 1. The waterstop has a built-in drainage groove and filter strip, which can collect water leakage from the expansion joint while stopping water, achieving "two uses in one".

[0012] 2. The limiting protrusion structure effectively prevents the filter strip from falling off, improving long-term service reliability.

[0013] 3. The outward-facing circular pipe head and annular water-stop rib design effectively prevent interface leakage at the connection point.

[0014] 4. The drainage path is complete and the division of labor is clear: all leakage water (through the water collection box + horizontal pipe → inspection well) is discharged into the blind ditch and then flows into the collection well. Surface water is collected by an independent open ditch and discharged into the collection well. The two paths do not interfere with each other.

[0015] 5. Gravity-driven drainage throughout the process, requiring no external power, resulting in low operating costs and high reliability.

[0016] 6. The water collection box and inspection well converge into the blind drain to collect leakage water from various sources in the expansion joint to the maximum extent.

[0017] 7. The volume of the water collection well is flexibly adjustable to adapt to different engineering conditions.

[0018] 8. The blind drain is arranged along the structural side wall, and the drainage ditch is located above it and is a partially removable structure. When it is blocked, only the upper structure and filling material of the corresponding section of the drainage ditch need to be partially removed to expose and replace the blind drain filling material. The maintenance cost is low and the operation is highly operable. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To further illustrate the above-mentioned objectives, structural features, and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a self-draining embedded waterstop according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the connection between the waterstop and the transverse water guide pipe in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a preferred embodiment of the waterproof structure of the base plate expansion joint; Figure 4 This is a general plan view of the expansion joint drainage system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the expansion joint drainage system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Strip substrate; 21. Drainage trough; 22. Filter strip; 23. Limiting protrusion; 3. Circular pipe head; 31. Annular water-stop rib; 32. Socket; 33. Stainless steel clamp; 4. Horizontal water guide pipe; 5. Inspection well; 6. Blind drain; 7. PVC short pipe; 8. Geotextile filter; 9. Open drainage ditch; 10. Collection well; 11. Expansion joint; 12. Water collection box; 13. Water collection pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The terms “invention” and “the present invention” used in this specification are intended to broadly refer to all subject matter of this specification and any of the following patent claims. Statements containing these terms should not be construed as limiting the subject matter described herein or limiting the meaning or scope of any of the following patent claims. Furthermore, this specification does not attempt to describe or limit the subject matter covered by any claim of any particular component, paragraph, statement, or drawing of this application. The subject matter should be understood with reference to the entire specification, all drawings, and any of the following claims. The invention may have other embodiments and be practiced or implemented in other ways. Moreover, it should be understood that the wording and terminology used herein are for illustrative purposes and should not be considered limiting.

[0022] The details of the invention will now be discussed with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrated by way of example only. In the drawings, similar features or components may be labeled using the same reference numerals.

[0023] The use of the terms "comprising," "having," and "including," and variations thereof, herein means to include the items listed herein and their equivalents and additional items. While reference may be made in the description of the drawings to directions such as above, below, upward, downward, backward, bottom, top, front, rear, etc., for convenience, reference is made relative to the drawings. These directions are not intended to literally accept or limit the invention in any form. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," "third," etc., are used herein for illustrative purposes and are not intended to indicate or imply importance or significance.

[0024] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the present invention discloses an integrated structure for preventing and draining expansion joints in open-cut tunnels, comprising a waterstop body 1 made of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, which is an elastic strip-shaped substrate 1. A drainage groove 21 is provided along the length of the strip-shaped substrate 1 in its middle. The drainage groove 21 has a net cross-sectional dimension of 25mm (width) × 12mm (depth), and a wall thickness of not less than 3mm, and is molded together with the waterstop body in one step. The total width of the strip-shaped substrate 1 is not less than 350mm, and the thickness of the non-groove area is 10mm.

[0025] The drainage channel 21 is filled with a filter strip 22. The filter strip 22 is made of hydrolysis-resistant polyurethane foam with a cross-sectional dimension of 25mm (width) × 9mm (height), and completely fills the inner cavity space of the drainage channel located below the limiting protrusion.

[0026] On each side wall of the opening on the water-facing side of the drainage channel 21, there is a limiting protrusion 23 protruding into the channel. The limiting protrusion 23 extends continuously along the length of the drainage channel, with a protrusion width of 2-5 mm and a protrusion height of 2-3 mm. The width of the filter strip 22 is greater than the distance between the inner edges of the limiting protrusions 23 on both sides, so that the filter strip is confined within the drainage channel. The bottom surface of the limiting protrusion 23 is in close contact with the top surface of the filter strip 22, which can prevent the filter strip from falling off during construction or use, and can also guide the leaking water directly into the interior of the permeable filter strip from the channel opening.

[0027] The drainage channel 21 has an outwardly projecting circular pipe head 3 at its end. The circular pipe head 3 is molded together with the waterstop body in one piece. The inner diameter of the pipe head is DN20, the wall thickness is not less than 3mm, and the length of the pipe head is not less than 50mm. The outer wall of the circular pipe head 3 is provided with an annular waterstop rib 31 to increase the seepage path length at the interface with the concrete and prevent water leakage along the outer side of the pipe wall.

[0028] The end of the circular pipe head 3 is equipped with a socket 32 ​​for connecting the transverse water guide pipe 4. The transverse water guide pipe 4 is a DN20 PVC pipe with a wall thickness of not less than 2.0mm. The transverse water guide pipe 4 is inserted into the socket 32 ​​of the circular pipe head 3, sealed with a special sealing ring, and secured with a stainless steel clamp 33. The transverse water guide pipe 4 is set at the position corresponding to the expansion joint 11, that is, one transverse water guide pipe 4 is set for each expansion joint to drain the leaking water in the drainage channel.

[0029] See Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a water collection box 12 is provided at the top or side wall of the expansion joint 11. The water collection box 12 is made of stainless steel or PVC and is used to collect leaking water or condensate from the top of the expansion joint 11. The bottom of the water collection box 12 is provided with a drainage interface, and the collected water is introduced into the blind ditch through the water collection pipe 13 (pipe diameter DN20~DN50).

[0030] Each horizontal water pipe 4 has an inspection well 5 at its outlet end. The net dimensions of the inspection well 5 are 300mm × 300mm, and the well opening is covered with an openable metal cover. The bottom elevation of the inspection well 5 is 100mm lower than the outlet elevation of the horizontal water pipe 4 to ensure that water accumulated in the horizontal pipe can flow smoothly into the inspection well by gravity, facilitating observation and cleaning.

[0031] A DN50 drainage hole is reserved on the side wall or bottom (50mm from the bottom of the well) of the inspection well 5. A PVC short pipe 7 is pre-embedded in the drainage hole. The opening of the PVC short pipe 7 is wrapped with a geotextile filter 8 to prevent soil particles from entering. The other end of the PVC short pipe 7 is connected to the blind ditch 6 around the inspection well.

[0032] Blind drain 6 is filled with graded crushed stone or pebbles with a particle size of 40-80mm, with a cross-sectional size of not less than 300mm×300mm, and wrapped with permeable geotextile around the perimeter. Blind drain 6 has a dual water collection function: Water collection box water: Water pipe 13 directly introduces the leakage water or condensate water collected in water collection box 12 into blind drain 6.

[0033] Collecting water from inspection wells: The leakage water discharged from the horizontal water guide pipe 4 is introduced into the blind ditch 6 through the DN50 drainage hole and the pre-embedded PVC short pipe 7 at the bottom of the inspection well 5.

[0034] Blind drain 6 is arranged along the structural sidewall, and the water from the above two parts is discharged into blind drain 6, and then discharged into collection well 10 through the end of blind drain 6.

[0035] A shallow, uncovered drainage ditch 9 is constructed longitudinally along the bottom of the outer sidewall of the structure. The opening of the drainage ditch 9 is flush with or slightly lower than the surrounding ground level, and is used to collect surface runoff such as rainwater and wash water from the outer side of the structure. The drainage ditch 9 is not directly connected to the transverse drainage pipe 4 or the inspection well 5. The drainage ditch 9 has a longitudinal slope of not less than 0.5%, sloping towards the end collection well.

[0036] The ends of both the open drainage ditch 9 and the blind drain 6 converge into a collection well 10. The collection well 10 is used to collect surface water collected from the open drainage ditch and seepage water discharged from the end of the blind drain. The specific volume of the collection well 10 and its internal drainage equipment (drainage pump or gravity pipe) are determined by the engineering design based on the catchment area, geological conditions, and municipal connection conditions.

[0037] a. Construction steps: The strip-shaped base 1 of the waterstop is placed in the expansion joint, ensuring that the drainage channel 21 faces the water-facing side, and the circular pipe head 3 is thrown out to the outside of the structure.

[0038] Insert the horizontal water guide pipe 4 into the socket 32 ​​of the circular pipe head 3, install the sealing ring, and tighten it with the stainless steel clamp 33.

[0039] A water collection box 12 is installed on the top or side wall of the expansion joint, and a water collection pipe 13 is pre-embedded and led to the blind ditch 6, and then discharged into the collection well 10 through the end of the blind ditch 6.

[0040] When pouring concrete, be careful to protect the filter strip from being washed out during vibration (the limiting protrusion plays a locking role), and at the same time ensure that the concrete is tightly fitted to the annular water-stop rib 31 on the outer wall of the circular pipe head 3.

[0041] Construction of manhole 5, blind ditch 6, open drainage ditch 9, and water collection well 10 on the outside of the structure.

[0042] Connect the water inlet pipe 13 and the PVC short pipe 7 at the bottom of the inspection well to the blind drain 6.

[0043] Inspect the unobstructed flow of each drainage path, including checking the seal at the connection between the horizontal pipe and the round pipe head.

[0044] b. Maintenance and Management: Since blind drain 6 is a buried gravel-filled structure, it cannot be directly cleaned as a whole. Its drainage smoothness is indirectly judged by the water accumulation in inspection well 5. Normal condition: There is no water accumulation in inspection well 5 or only a small amount of water accumulation for a short period of time (which quickly recedes after the peak of rainfall or leakage), indicating that the drainage of blind ditch 6 is unobstructed.

[0045] Abnormal condition: There is continuous water accumulation in inspection well 5, and the water level is consistently higher than the elevation of the DN50 drainage hole 7, indicating that blind ditch 6 may be blocked and its drainage capacity has decreased.

[0046] Remedial Measures: When it is determined that the blind drain may be blocked, the upper structure and filling material of the adjacent section of the open drainage ditch 9 can be partially removed to expose the lower blind drain. After that, the graded crushed stone or pebble filling material of the blocked section of the blind drain should be replaced, the geotextile should be re-wrapped, and the structure of the open drainage ditch should be restored to restore the drainage capacity of the blind drain. If site conditions permit, water can also be injected into the blind drain 6 through the inspection well 5 for flushing. If flushing is ineffective, then partial removal and replacement should be carried out.

[0047] During routine maintenance, the water level in each inspection well 5 should be checked periodically (recommended quarterly), and the trend of water level changes should be recorded. At the same time, silt in the drainage ditch 9 should be cleared to ensure unobstructed surface drainage.

[0048] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should recognize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated structure for preventing and draining expansion joints in open-cut tunnels, characterized in that, The device includes a waterstop body, which comprises an elastic strip-shaped substrate. A drainage groove is provided along the length of the strip-shaped substrate in the middle. A filter strip is provided in the drainage groove. A limiting protrusion protruding into the groove is provided on each of the two side walls of the opening of the drainage groove. The limiting protrusions extend continuously along the length of the drainage groove. The filter strip is confined within the drainage groove by the limiting protrusions. An outwardly projecting circular pipe head is provided at the end of the drainage groove. The end of the circular pipe head is connected to a transverse water guide pipe corresponding to the location of the expansion joint.

2. The integrated structure for preventing and draining expansion joints in open-cut tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter strip is made of hydrolysis-resistant polyurethane foam, which completely fills the inner cavity space of the drainage groove located below the limiting protrusion. The top surface of the filter strip is in close contact with the bottom surface of the limiting protrusion.

3. The integrated structure for preventing and draining expansion joints in open-cut tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circular tube head and the waterstop body are molded together in one piece. The outer wall of the circular tube head is provided with an annular waterstop rib, and the end of the circular tube head is provided with a socket for connection with the transverse water guide pipe.

4. A drainage system, characterized in that, The structure includes a manhole, a blind drain, a water collection box, an open drainage ditch, a water collection well, and an integrated expansion joint drainage structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 3. The manhole is located at the end of the transverse water guide pipe, and the manhole has a drainage hole at its bottom or side wall. The water collection box is located at the top or side wall of the expansion joint. The water collection box and the drainage hole are connected to the blind drain, which is used to collect water from both the water collection box and the manhole. The open drainage ditch is located outside the integrated expansion joint drainage structure and is used to collect surface runoff. The ends of the open drainage ditch and the blind drain both flow into the water collection well.

5. The drainage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drainage ditch is a shallow ditch without a cover.

6. The drainage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The blind drain is filled with graded crushed stone or pebbles with a particle size of 40-80mm and wrapped with permeable geotextile around the perimeter.

7. The drainage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drainage ditch has a slope of not less than 0.5% along its longitudinal direction, with the slope facing the water collection well. The drainage ditch is located above the blind ditch and is a partially removable structure.

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