Building detection bearing capacity detection device and use method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of building bearing capacity detection, and discloses a building detection bearing capacity detection device and a use method thereof, which comprises a supporting base, a detachable guide frame fixedly installed at the top of the supporting base, a heavy hammer, a rotating table, a horizontal position adjusting module, an angle adjusting module arranged below the horizontal position adjusting module, an electric unhooking device, the angle of the electric unhooking device is adjusted through the angle adjusting module, the horizontal position of the electric unhooking device is adjusted through the horizontal position adjusting module, and a recognition control module is used for confirming the position of the heavy hammer in the guide frame. The application does not need manual repeated position adjustment, greatly reduces the strength of manual operation, improves the installation alignment efficiency, guarantees the alignment accuracy, the whole adjustment and alignment process has high automation degree, manual operation is not needed, and the safety of on-site operation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building load-bearing capacity testing technology, specifically to a building load-bearing capacity testing device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of new houses, the load-bearing capacity of the building structure is directly related to the safety of subsequent use. At present, the load-bearing capacity testing of buildings is mainly aimed at pile foundations. The testing methods are mainly divided into high strain method, low strain method and static load test.

[0003] When using the high strain gauge method for testing, the hammer (pile hammer) is usually placed on the pile foundation first, and then a hammer limiting frame is installed to put the hammer inside the limiting frame. However, when installing the unhooking device, a crane and rope are usually used to lift and lower the unhooking device. During the installation process, the unhooking device is not only prone to shaking and difficult to align with the hammer, but also the hammer is located inside the limiting frame, which isolates the workers and makes it difficult to adjust the unhooking device, resulting in low installation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a building load-bearing capacity testing device and its usage method, mainly to solve the problems of difficulty in aligning the unhooking device with the counterweight during installation and low efficiency of manual installation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A building load-bearing capacity testing device includes: a support base sleeved on the outside of a pile foundation, with a detachable guide frame fixedly installed on the top of the support base; a counterweight positioned above the pile foundation and located within the guide frame; a turntable rotatably mounted above the guide frame via bearings and driven to rotate above the guide frame by a power assembly; a horizontal position adjustment module positioned above the turntable, with an angle adjustment module positioned below the horizontal position adjustment module; an electric release device positioned below the angle adjustment module, the angle of the electric release device being adjusted via the angle adjustment module, and the horizontal position of the electric release device being adjusted via the horizontal position adjustment module; and an identification control module positioned on the guide frame for confirming the position of the counterweight within the guide frame.

[0006] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal position adjustment module includes: a fixed plate, which is fixedly installed on the top of the turntable, and upper and lower guide rails are fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the two fixed plates; a movable seat, which is slidably disposed between the two fixed plates, and multiple rollers are rotatably installed on the outer walls of both sides of the movable seat, and the rollers cooperate with the guide rails; and a drive assembly, which is disposed on one side of the movable seat and is used to drive the movable seat to move on the guide rails.

[0007] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the driving component includes: a first geared motor, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one side of the movable seat, and a first gear is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the first geared motor through the movable seat; a toothed groove is opened below the guide rail and is used in conjunction with the first gear. The first geared motor drives the first gear to rotate, thereby moving the movable seat on the guide rail.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the angle adjustment module includes: a mounting base disposed below a movable base, wherein the mounting base is driven to move up and down by a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder fixedly disposed between the mounting base and the movable base, and the horizontal displacement of the mounting base during its up and down movement is limited by a guide component; a connecting platform rotatably mounted below the mounting base, wherein the electric unhooking device is fixedly mounted below the connecting platform; and a second reduction motor fixedly mounted on the bottom inner wall of the mounting base, wherein the output shaft of the second reduction motor passes through the mounting base and is fixed to the connecting platform, and the angle of the electric unhooking device is adjusted by driving the connecting platform to rotate through the second reduction motor.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the guiding component includes: a guide rod, which is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting base, and the guide rod passes through the movable base and is slidably connected to the movable base.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the guide rod includes: multiple connecting rods, which are spliced ​​together to form the guide rod; threaded holes, which are formed on the top of the mounting base and the top of each connecting rod; and threaded rods, which are integrally formed on the bottom of the connecting rods, wherein the threaded holes and threaded rods between adjacent connecting rods cooperate, and the threaded rod on the bottommost connecting rod cooperates with the threaded hole on the top of the mounting base.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the identification and control module includes: multiple first distance sensors, fixedly installed above the guide frame, which cooperate to confirm the position of the counterweight; multiple second distance sensors, fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting platform; multiple detection plates, fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the counterweight, which correspond one-to-one with the multiple second distance sensors; and a control and adjustment system that calculates and controls the operation of the horizontal position adjustment module, the angle adjustment module, and the power component based on the detection data of the first and second distance sensors.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the power assembly includes: a servo motor, which is fixedly installed on the top of the guide frame, and a second gear is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the servo motor through the guide frame; and a gear ring, which is fixedly installed on the bottom of the turntable and works in conjunction with the second gear.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention, an arc-shaped groove is provided on the opposite side of the turntable and the guide frame, and a plurality of balls are rolled in the arc-shaped groove.

[0014] A method for testing the load-bearing capacity of a building includes the following steps: Step 1: Use a crane to place the support base on the outside of the pile foundation to be tested. After placing it on the ground, install the strain gauge and accelerometer on the pile foundation. Then, place the weight on the top of the pile foundation. Next, hoist and fix the guide frame on the top of the support base. During the installation process, calibrate the central axis of the guide frame to make the central axis of the guide frame coaxial with the central axis of the pile foundation to be tested. After the foundation installation is completed, place the weight inside the guide frame.

[0015] Step 2: The position of the counterweight inside the guide frame is confirmed by the identification and control module. The power unit is started to drive the turntable to rotate. The horizontal position adjustment module is used to adjust the horizontal position of the electric unhooker, and the angle adjustment module is used to adjust the working angle of the electric unhooker. The alignment and cooperation between the electric unhooker and the counterweight are automatically completed. The whole process does not require manual on-site adjustment.

[0016] Step 3: After the position calibration is completed, the identification control module issues a release command to control the electric unhooking device to release the hammer. The hammer falls vertically along the guide frame to impact the pile foundation to be tested, completing a single impact test. This step can be repeated multiple times according to the testing requirements to finally complete the pile foundation bearing capacity test.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a building load-bearing capacity testing device and its usage method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention eliminates the need for repeated manual adjustments, significantly reducing the intensity of manual operations, improving the efficiency of installation and alignment, and ensuring alignment accuracy. At the same time, the entire adjustment and alignment process is highly automated, requiring no manual intervention, which also improves the safety of on-site operations.

[0018] 2. This invention uses a first geared motor to drive the first gear to rotate, thereby moving the movable seat on the guide rail. This achieves automatic adjustment of the horizontal position of the movable seat without the need for manual adjustment, ensuring the accuracy of position adjustment and improving adjustment efficiency. At the same time, it can directly act between the movable seat and the guide rail, resulting in direct and stable power transmission. The structure is compact and does not occupy too much extra space.

[0019] 3. The present invention uses a second geared motor to drive the connecting platform to rotate and adjust the angle of the electric unhooking device, adapting to different placement angles of the counterweight, ensuring that the electric unhooking device can smoothly engage with the counterweight. The multi-stage hydraulic cylinder pushes the mounting base down, which in turn moves the electric unhooking device down to fit onto the counterweight, completing the engagement.

[0020] 4. This invention uses a servo motor to drive the second gear to rotate, and the second gear drives the gear ring to rotate through meshing transmission, thereby driving the entire turntable to rotate on top of the guide frame, realizing the adjustment of the circumferential position of the electric unhooker. It can precisely control the rotation angle of the turntable, further improve the alignment accuracy of the electric unhooker and the counterweight, and ensure the success rate of docking. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural state of a building load-bearing capacity testing device proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a building load-bearing capacity testing device proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a magnified structural diagram of the weight of a building load-bearing capacity testing device proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This invention proposes a building load-bearing capacity testing device. Figure 1 A magnified diagram of the top structure; Figure 5 This invention proposes a building load-bearing capacity testing device. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the overall exploded structure; Figure 6 This invention proposes a building load-bearing capacity testing device. Figure 4 A partially enlarged structural diagram; Figure 7 This invention proposes a building load-bearing capacity testing device. Figure 6 A partially enlarged structural diagram; Figure 8 This is an enlarged structural diagram of the angle adjustment module of a building load-bearing capacity testing device proposed in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged split structure of the connecting rod of the building load-bearing capacity testing device proposed in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning structure of the second distance sensor in a building load-bearing capacity testing device proposed in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning structure of the first distance sensor of a building load-bearing capacity testing device proposed in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the first distance sensor in a building load-bearing capacity testing device proposed in this invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Support base; 2. Guide frame; 3. First distance sensor; 4. Counterweight; 5. Horizontal position adjustment module; 6. Turntable; 7. Angle adjustment module; 8. Electric unhooking device; 9. Arc groove; 10. Ball bearing; 11. Multi-stage hydraulic cylinder; 12. Second distance sensor; 401. Detection plate; 501. Fixed plate; 502. Guide rail; 503. Movable seat; 504. Connecting rod; 505. Gear groove; 506. First gear; 507. Roller; 508. First gear reduction motor; 50401, threaded hole; 50402, threaded rod; 601. Servo motor; 602. Second gear; 603. Gear ring; 701. Mounting base; 702. Second geared motor; 703. Connecting platform. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0024] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0025] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0026] Please see Figures 1-12A building load-bearing capacity testing device mainly consists of a support base 1, a guide frame 2, a counterweight 4, a horizontal position adjustment module 5, a turntable 6, an angle adjustment module 7, an electric unhooking device 8, and an identification and control module, as detailed below: A support base 1 is installed on the outside of the pile foundation using a crane. After the support base 1 is placed on the ground, the counterweight 4 is placed on the pile foundation using a crane. The guide frame 2 is then fixedly installed on top of the support base 1 using a crane and secured with bolts. When installing the guide frame 2, ensure that the central axis is coaxial with the central axis of the pile foundation. After the guide frame 2 is installed, the counterweight 4 is located inside the guide frame 2, thus completing the foundation installation of the guide frame 2, the support base 1, and the counterweight 4.

[0027] A turntable 6 is mounted on top of the guide frame 2 via a bearing. An arc-shaped groove 9 is provided on the opposite side of the turntable 6 and the guide frame 2. Multiple balls 10 are rolled in the arc-shaped groove 9, which can reduce the friction of the turntable 6 during rotation, reduce equipment wear, make rotation smoother, and improve the smoothness of position adjustment.

[0028] A power assembly is installed between the turntable 6 and the guide frame 2. The power assembly can drive the turntable 6 to rotate. A horizontal position adjustment module 5 is installed above the turntable 6. An angle adjustment module 7 is installed below the horizontal position adjustment module 5. An electric unhooking device 8 is installed below the angle adjustment module 7. The angle of the electric unhooking device 8 is adjusted by the angle adjustment module 7, and the horizontal position of the electric unhooking device 8 is adjusted by the horizontal position adjustment module 5, so that the electric unhooking device 8 and the counterweight 4 can automatically cooperate.

[0029] An identification and control module is set on the guide frame 2. The identification and control module can confirm the position of the counterweight 4 in the guide frame 2, thereby controlling the operation of the power component, the horizontal position adjustment module 5 and the angle adjustment module 7, realizing the automatic alignment of the electric unhooker 8 and the counterweight 4. There is no need for repeated manual adjustment of the position, which greatly reduces the intensity of manual operation, improves the efficiency of installation and alignment, and ensures the alignment accuracy.

[0030] During testing, once the identification and control module confirms that the position adjustment is complete, it controls the electric unhooking device 8 to release the hammer 4. The hammer 4 falls along the guide frame 2 to impact the pile foundation, thus completing the bearing capacity test. The entire adjustment and alignment process is highly automated, requiring no manual operation, which also improves the safety of on-site operations.

[0031] Among them, the electric unhooking device 8 is existing technology. Those skilled in the art can select mature products with appropriate specifications according to actual needs, so its specific structure will not be described in detail.

[0032] Based on the above, the methods for testing the load-bearing capacity of buildings are as follows: Step 1: Using a crane, the support base 1 is placed on the outside of the pile foundation to be tested. After it is placed on the ground, the strain gauge and accelerometer are installed on the pile foundation. Then, the weight 4 is hoisted and placed on the top of the pile foundation. Next, the guide frame 2 is hoisted and fixed on the top of the support base 1. During the installation process, the central axis of the guide frame 2 is calibrated so that the central axis of the guide frame 2 is coaxial with the central axis of the pile foundation to be tested. After the foundation installation is completed, the weight 4 is placed inside the guide frame 2.

[0033] Step 2: The position of the counterweight 4 inside the guide frame 2 is confirmed by the identification control module. The power unit is started to drive the turntable 6 to rotate. The horizontal position adjustment module 5 is used to adjust the horizontal position of the electric unhooker 8, and the angle adjustment module 7 is used to adjust the working angle of the electric unhooker 8. The alignment and cooperation between the electric unhooker 8 and the counterweight 4 are automatically completed. The whole process does not require manual on-site adjustment.

[0034] Step 3: After the position calibration is completed, the identification control module issues a release command to control the electric unhooking device 8 to release the hammer 4. The hammer 4 falls vertically along the guide frame 2 to impact the pile foundation to be tested, completing a single impact test. This step can be repeated multiple times according to the testing requirements to finally complete the pile foundation bearing capacity test.

[0035] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 The specific structure of the horizontal position adjustment module 5 is as follows: Two fixed plates 501 are fixedly installed on the top of the turntable 6. Two upper and lower guide rails 502 are fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the two fixed plates 501. At the same time, a movable seat 503 is slidably arranged between the two fixed plates 501. Multiple rollers 507 are rotatably installed on the outer walls of both sides of the movable seat 503. The rollers 507 are used in conjunction with the guide rails 502. The horizontal position of the electric unhooking device 8 below the moving seat 503 is changed by moving the moving seat 503 on the guide rail 502, thereby adjusting the position of the electric unhooking device 8.

[0036] Furthermore, in order to drive the movable base 503 to move on the guide rail 502, a drive assembly is provided. The drive assembly is located on one side of the movable base 503, and its specific structure is as follows: A first geared motor 508 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one side of the movable seat 503. The output shaft of the first geared motor 508 passes through the movable seat 503 and a first gear 506 is fixedly installed thereon. A toothed groove 505 is opened below the guide rail 502. The toothed groove 505 is used in conjunction with the first gear 506. The first gear 506 is driven to rotate by the first reduction motor 508, which in turn drives the movable seat 503 to move on the guide rail 502, thereby realizing the automatic adjustment of the horizontal position of the movable seat 503 without manual adjustment, ensuring the accuracy of position adjustment and improving adjustment efficiency. At the same time, it can directly act between the movable seat 503 and the guide rail 502, with direct and stable power transmission, compact structure, and no excessive extra space occupation.

[0037] It should be noted that both the first geared motor 508 and the second geared motor 702 are composed of a servo motor and a worm gear reducer, which have the characteristics of high running accuracy, large output torque and strong self-locking performance. They can accurately maintain the adjusted position and will not shift during operation, thus ensuring the stability of the unhooking operation.

[0038] Reference Figure 8 The specific structure of the angle adjustment module 7 is as follows: A mounting base 701 is provided below the movable base 503. The mounting base 701 is driven to move up and down by a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 11 fixedly disposed between the mounting base 701 and the movable base 503, and the horizontal displacement of the mounting base 701 during the up and down movement is limited by a guide component. Simultaneously, a connecting platform 703 is rotated and installed below the mounting base 701. The electric unhooking device 8 is fixedly installed below the connecting platform 703, and a second reduction motor 702 is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the mounting base 701. The output shaft of the second reduction motor 702 passes through the mounting base 701 and is fixed to the connecting platform 703. The second reduction motor 702 drives the connecting platform 703 to rotate and adjust the angle of the electric unhooking device 8 to adapt to different placement angles of the counterweight 4, ensuring that the electric unhooking device 8 can smoothly engage with the counterweight 4. The multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 11 pushes the mounting base 701 down, which in turn drives the electric unhooking device 8 to move down and fit into the counterweight 4, completing the engagement.

[0039] Furthermore, the specific structure of the guide component is as follows: A guide rod is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting base 701, and the guide rod passes through the movable base 503 and is slidably connected to the movable base 503. The guide rod is formed by splicing multiple connecting rods 504 together, and the splicing can be done in the following way: A threaded hole 50401 is provided on the top of the mounting base 701 and the top of each connecting rod 504. A threaded rod 50402 is integrally formed on the bottom of the connecting rod 504. The threaded hole 50401 and the threaded rod 50402 between two adjacent connecting rods 504 cooperate to form a guide rod. The threaded rod 50402 on the bottom connecting rod 504 works in conjunction with the threaded hole 50401 on the top of the mounting base 701 to complete the installation of the guide rod. The guide rod can be assembled by splicing, and the total length of the guide rod can be adjusted according to the actual installation requirements. The guide rod can also be separated during transportation to reduce the space occupied during transportation, improve the convenience of transportation and storage, adapt to the guidance requirements of different heights, and has greater flexibility and adaptability.

[0040] The assembled guide rod slides in conjunction with the movable seat 503, which can limit the horizontal displacement of the mounting seat 701 when the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 11 pushes the mounting seat 701 to rise and fall, ensuring that the mounting seat 701 always moves in the vertical direction and improving the accuracy of the electric unhooking device 8 docking.

[0041] It should be noted that the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 11 is a telescopic hydraulic cylinder or a sleeve-type hydraulic cylinder, which is a hydraulic actuator composed of multiple cylinders with progressively smaller diameters nested together. It achieves telescopic function by cooperating with the hydraulic system, and achieves precise control of the telescopic displacement of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod by cooperating with magnetic switches, proximity switches or photoelectric switches. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs.

[0042] Reference Figure 5 The specific structure of the power assembly is as follows: A servo motor 601 is fixedly installed on the top of the guide frame 2. The output shaft of the servo motor 601 passes through the guide frame 2 and a second gear 602 is fixedly installed thereon. At the same time, a gear ring 603 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the turntable 6. The gear ring 603 works in conjunction with the second gear 602. The servo motor 601 drives the second gear 602 to rotate, and the second gear 602 drives the gear ring 603 to rotate through meshing transmission, thereby driving the entire turntable 6 to rotate on the top of the guide frame 2, realizing the adjustment of the circumferential position of the electric unhooker 8. It can accurately control the rotation angle of the turntable 6, further improve the alignment accuracy between the electric unhooker 8 and the counterweight 4, and ensure the success rate of docking.

[0043] It should be noted that the servo motor 601 is used in conjunction with the encoder, and the number of rotations and rotation angle of the output shaft are controllable with high precision. Those skilled in the art can set it according to actual needs.

[0044] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 The specific structure of the identification control module is as follows: Multiple first distance sensors 3 are fixedly installed above the guide frame 2, preferably four. The four first distance sensors 3 are evenly distributed in a ring on the guide frame 2. The four first distance sensors 3 cooperate to form a planar coordinate system, and the intersection of the detection lines of the four first distance sensors 3 is taken as the origin. The position of the counterweight 4 is confirmed by the data detected by the four first distance sensors 3. The specific measurement data is confirmed as follows: The distance values ​​detected by the four first distance sensors 3 are set as follows: ;set up The x-axis direction of the coordinate system. and The y-axis direction of the coordinate system.

[0045] The installation positions of the four first distance sensors 3 are set as follows: , , , ; Then the center coordinates of hammer 4 for:

[0046] Eccentric angle for:

[0047] Based on the center coordinates of hammer 4 The eccentricity angle of the hammer 4 was calculated. The coordinate deviation and angle deviation are then transmitted to the identification control unit, which controls the power component to drive the turntable 6 to rotate and correct the circumferential position. Simultaneously, the horizontal position adjustment module 5 is controlled to correct the horizontal position deviation of the electric unhooking device 8 and correct the length. for

[0048] Achieve center alignment between the electric unhooking device 8 and the counterweight 4 (e.g.) Figure 12 As shown in the figure, the entire calculation process is automatically completed by the control unit. The intelligent sensing system, which is composed of the first distance sensor 3, eliminates the need for manual measurement and estimation, and has high position confirmation accuracy and fast alignment speed.

[0049] In addition, the initial position of the axis of horizontal movement of the movable seat 503 coincides with the X-axis of the coordinate system.

[0050] Multiple second distance sensors 12 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting platform 703, preferably four, and the four second distance sensors 12 are combined to form the vertices of a rectangle. At the same time, multiple detection plates 401 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the hammer 4, and the multiple detection plates 401 are used in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple second distance sensors 12. The angle adjustment module 7 drives the connecting platform 703 to rotate. When the four second distance sensors 12 detect that the distance of the corresponding detection plate 401 is consistent, it means that the angle of the electric unhooking device 8 has been aligned with the counterweight 4. At this time, the rotation of the connecting platform 703 is stopped, and the angle calibration is completed, further improving the alignment accuracy.

[0051] Before the second distance sensor 12 detects, the angle adjustment module 7 drives the connecting stage 703 to rotate one revolution, scanning the four detection plates 401. One of the second distance sensors 12 sequentially records the detection distance values ​​of the four detection plates 401, and then compares the four values: If the error threshold (e.g., 0.5cm) is met, the placement angle deviation is determined to be within the allowable range, and the angle adjustment module 7 can be operated to align the electric unhooker 8 with the counterweight 4. If the error threshold is exceeded, the detection board 401 needs to be adjusted. This enables the self-checking of the alignment process between the electric unhooking device 8 and the counterweight 4, avoiding errors in angle calibration due to excessive bending deviation of the detection plate 401 itself, and ensuring the accuracy of the angle calibration results.

[0052] If it is necessary to check the placement angle of the weight 4, a spirit level can be placed directly on the weight 4 and the position of the bubble in the spirit level can be observed to determine whether the top surface of the weight 4 is tilted. If it is tilted, the placement posture of the weight 4 should be adjusted to keep its top surface level, which will reduce the difficulty of subsequent alignment of the electric unhooking device 8 and further ensure that the automatic alignment operation can be completed smoothly. In addition, the placement angle of the counterweight 4 is checked before the guide frame 2 is installed.

[0053] It should be noted that both the first distance sensor 3 and the second distance sensor 12 are laser rangefinders or ultrasonic rangefinders, which are highly sensitive, have high measurement accuracy, and can quickly output distance detection data to meet the needs of real-time detection and adjustment. Those skilled in the art can select the appropriate model according to the on-site working environment.

[0054] The following is the specific operating principle of this device: First, use a crane to mount the support base 1 on the outside of the pile foundation. After the support base 1 is placed on the ground, install the strain gauge and accelerometer on the pile foundation. Then, place the weight 4 on the pile foundation using the crane. At this time, use a spirit level to calibrate the top surface of the weight 4 and confirm that the top surface is level. This completes the initial adjustment of the weight 4's attitude. After that, hoist and fix the guide frame 2 on the top of the support base 1. Calibrate that the central axis of the guide frame 2 is coaxial with the central axis of the pile foundation to complete the overall foundation installation. After the guide frame 2 is installed in place, the four first distance sensors 3 detect the distance from the outside of the hammer 4 respectively, transmit the detection data to the control unit, calculate the coordinate deviation between the center of the hammer 4 and the origin through the formula, calculate the position deviation length and eccentric angle, and then control the servo motor 601 to drive the turntable 6 to rotate to correct the circumferential angle, and control the first reduction motor 508 to drive the moving seat 503 to move along the guide rail 502 to correct the horizontal position, so as to quickly complete the center alignment between the electric unhooker 8 and the hammer 4. After center alignment is completed, the second distance sensor 12 detects the distance to the corresponding detection plate 401 in real time. If there is a distance deviation, the second reduction motor 702 drives the connecting table 703 to rotate and adjust the angle until the distance detected by all the second distance sensors 12 is consistent, and the angle calibration is completed. Subsequently, the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 11 pushes the mounting base 701 down, allowing the electric unhooking device 8 to approach the counterweight 4. When the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 11 extends to its maximum position, the electric unhooking device 8 can just dock with the counterweight 4. The electric unhooking device 8 is then operated to achieve docking between the electric unhooking device 8 and the counterweight 4. After docking is completed, the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder 11 drives the electric release device 8 to lift the hammer 4 to the set height. Then, the identification and control module issues a release command, the electric release device 8 releases the hammer 4, and the hammer 4 falls along the guide frame 2 to impact the pile foundation, completing one test operation. The hammer can be dropped and impacted multiple times according to the test requirements. Finally, the bearing capacity parameters of the pile foundation are calculated by combining the data collected by the strain gauges and accelerometers pre-installed on the pile foundation, thus completing the entire building bearing capacity test operation.

[0055] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0056] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A building load-bearing capacity testing device, characterized in that, include: A support base (1) is fitted on the outside of the pile foundation, and a detachable guide frame (2) is fixedly installed on the top of the support base (1). A heavy hammer (4) is set above the pile foundation and located inside the guide frame (2); The turntable (6) is mounted above the guide frame (2) via bearings and is driven to rotate above the guide frame (2) by a power assembly; A horizontal position adjustment module (5) is set above the turntable (6), and an angle adjustment module (7) is set below the horizontal position adjustment module (5). The electric unhooking device (8) is located below the angle adjustment module (7). The angle of the electric unhooking device (8) is adjusted by the angle adjustment module (7), and the horizontal position of the electric unhooking device (8) is adjusted by the horizontal position adjustment module (5). The identification control module is set on the guide frame (2) to confirm the position of the counterweight (4) inside the guide frame (2).

2. The building load-bearing capacity testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal position adjustment module (5) includes: The fixing plate (501) is fixedly installed on the top of the turntable (6), and the upper and lower guide rails (502) are fixedly installed on the opposite sides of the two fixing plates (501). The movable seat (503) is slidably disposed between two fixed plates (501). Multiple rollers (507) are rotatably installed on both outer walls of the movable seat (503). The rollers (507) are used in conjunction with the guide rail (502). A drive assembly is disposed on one side of the movable base (503) for driving the movable base (503) to move on the guide rail (502).

3. The building load-bearing capacity testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving component includes: The first geared motor (508) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of one side of the movable seat (503). The output shaft of the first geared motor (508) passes through the movable seat (503) and is fixedly installed with the first gear (506). The tooth groove (505) is located below the guide rail (502) and works in conjunction with the first gear (506). The first gear (506) is driven to rotate by the first gear reduction motor (508), which in turn drives the movable seat (503) to move on the guide rail (502).

4. The building load-bearing capacity testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle adjustment module 7 includes: Mounting base (701) is located below movable base (503). The mounting base (701) is driven to move up and down by a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder (11) fixedly located between mounting base (701) and movable base (503), and the horizontal displacement of mounting base (701) is limited by guide components when it moves up and down. The connecting platform (703) is rotatably mounted below the mounting base (701), and the electric unhooking device (8) is fixedly mounted below the connecting platform (703); The second geared motor (702) is fixedly installed on the bottom inner wall of the mounting base (701). The output shaft of the second geared motor (702) passes through the mounting base (701) and is fixed to the connecting platform (703). The connecting platform (703) is driven to rotate by the second geared motor (702) to adjust the angle of the electric unhooker (8).

5. A building load-bearing capacity testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide component includes: The guide rod is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting base (701) and passes through the movable base (503) and is slidably connected to the movable base (503).

6. The building load-bearing capacity testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The guide rod includes: Multiple connecting rods (504) are spliced ​​together to form a guide rod; Threaded holes (50401) are provided on the top of the mounting base (701) and on the top of each connecting rod (504); The threaded rod (50402) is integrally formed on the bottom of the connecting rod (504). The threaded hole (50401) and the threaded rod (50402) between two adjacent connecting rods (504) are used together. The threaded rod (50402) on the bottommost connecting rod (504) is used together with the threaded hole (50401) on the top of the mounting base (701).

7. A building load-bearing capacity testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The identification control module includes: Multiple first distance sensors (3) are fixedly installed above the guide frame (2), and the multiple first distance sensors (3) work together to confirm the position of the counterweight (4); Multiple second distance sensors (12) are fixedly installed on the bottom of the connecting platform (703); Multiple detection plates (401) are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the hammer (4), and the multiple detection plates (401) are used in conjunction with multiple second distance sensors (12) in a one-to-one correspondence; The control and adjustment system calculates and controls the operation of the horizontal position adjustment module (5), the angle adjustment module (7), and the power component based on the detection data of the first distance sensor (3) and the second distance sensor (12).

8. A building load-bearing capacity testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power assembly includes: A servo motor (601) is fixedly installed on the top of the guide frame (2), and the output shaft of the servo motor (601) passes through the guide frame (2) and is fixedly installed with a second gear (602). The gear ring (603) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the turntable (6) and is used in conjunction with the second gear (602).

9. A building load-bearing capacity testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turntable (6) and the guide frame (2) are provided with an arc-shaped groove (9), and multiple balls (10) are rolled in the arc-shaped groove (9).

10. A method for testing the load-bearing capacity of a building, applicable to the building load-bearing capacity testing device described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Using a crane, the support base (1) is placed on the outside of the pile foundation to be tested. After it is placed on the ground, the strain gauge and accelerometer are installed on the pile foundation. Then, the weight (4) is hoisted and placed on the top of the pile foundation. The guide frame (2) is then hoisted and fixed on the top of the support base (1). During the installation process, the central axis of the guide frame (2) is calibrated so that the central axis of the guide frame (2) is coaxial with the central axis of the pile foundation to be tested. After the foundation installation is completed, the weight (4) is placed inside the guide frame (2). Step 2: The position of the counterweight (4) inside the guide frame (2) is confirmed by the identification control module. The power unit is started to drive the turntable (6) to rotate. The horizontal position adjustment module (5) is used to adjust the horizontal position of the electric unhooker (8), and the angle adjustment module (7) is used to adjust the working angle of the electric unhooker (8). The alignment of the electric unhooker (8) and the counterweight (4) is automatically completed. The whole process does not require manual on-site adjustment. Step 3: After the position calibration is completed, the identification control module issues a release command to control the electric unhooking device (8) to release the hammer (4). The hammer (4) falls vertically along the guide frame (2) to impact the pile foundation to be tested, completing a single impact test. This step can be repeated multiple times according to the testing requirements to finally complete the pile foundation building bearing capacity test.

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