A local compensation plastering construction method based on a three-dimensional deviation map of a wall surface

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of local compensation plastering construction methods based on wall three-dimensional deviation chart, it is related to construction method technical field.The method establishes construction coordinate system and target plastering completion surface according to design plastering completion position, obtains the three-dimensional point cloud data of wall base layer using three-dimensional scanning equipment, and point cloud data is registered to construction coordinate system using space reference mark;Calculate the normal net distance of base layer measuring point to target plastering completion surface, generate wall three-dimensional deviation chart, and according to the relationship between normal net distance and plastering layer design thickness interval, wall is divided into convex processing area, direct plastering area and recessed compensation area;Remove surface material to convex processing area, the application can accurately identify local deviation of wall, reduce the filling amount of plastering mortar in deep recess area, make plastering layer thickness relatively uniform, reduce the risk of hollowing, cracking and falling, and realize the digital closed-loop control of wall plastering construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction method technology, specifically to a local compensation plastering construction method based on a three-dimensional deviation map of the wall surface. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction process, concrete walls, masonry walls, and composite walls formed by different materials are susceptible to various influences, including the accuracy of formwork installation, concrete pouring deformation, block size errors, differences in mortar joint thickness, construction deviations of structural columns and lintels, and pipeline trenching and repairs. These factors can lead to localized bulges, depressions, verticality deviations, and flatness deviations in the wall base. At the junction of concrete and masonry walls, due to differences in construction procedures and base materials, surface deviations typically exhibit irregular and discrete distribution.

[0003] Current wall plastering construction typically involves determining the finished plaster surface after the base layer has been cleaned, using methods such as plumb lines, control lines, and the installation of plastering spots and screeds. These plastering spots or screeds serve as control benchmarks for plaster layer thickness, wall flatness, and verticality. During construction, cement mortar, gypsum mortar, or polymer mortar is used to level the wall surface to ensure that the plastered wall meets the required flatness and verticality.

[0004] When there are significant depressions or overall verticality deviations in the wall substrate, existing construction methods typically compensate by increasing the plaster thickness in the corresponding areas. For areas with thicker plaster, additional reinforcement measures such as layered plastering and the installation of wire mesh or steel mesh are also necessary to reduce the likelihood of cracking, hollowing, or detachment of the thick plaster layer.

[0005] However, directly filling deep recesses in the wall substrate with plaster mortar can result in significant variations in plaster thickness across different locations on the same wall surface. When plaster thickness changes abruptly, the rates of water loss, drying shrinkage, and hardening differ in different areas, easily leading to stress concentration at the thickness-to-thickness interface. Simultaneously, the thicker plaster layer has a greater self-weight, increasing the interfacial shear force between it and the substrate, making it prone to quality problems such as sagging, hollow areas, cracking, and localized detachment during construction or use.

[0006] While measures such as layered construction, wire mesh reinforcement, and extended curing time can improve the construction quality of thick plastering to some extent, these measures increase the amount of mortar, wire mesh, and fasteners used, and add procedures such as mesh installation, layered construction, and curing. For walls with significant local deviations, construction workers need to repeatedly fill, level, and inspect, leading to a longer construction period and increased labor costs.

[0007] Current methods for detecting deviations in wall surface substrates typically employ straightedges, feeler gauges, plumb bobs, laser leveling instruments, or mortar control points. These methods primarily measure local locations or a few discrete control points on the wall surface, making it difficult to continuously reflect the deviations of various locations on a large wall area relative to the designed finished surface. Furthermore, they struggle to accurately determine the boundaries, area, and depth of irregular recessed areas.

[0008] In actual construction, the scope and thickness of local wall patching largely depend on the on-site observation and operational experience of the construction personnel. This can easily lead to problems such as incomplete identification of recessed areas, inaccurate patching thickness, missed patches, or over-patching. If the patching thickness is insufficient, the subsequent plastering will require an increase in mortar thickness; if the patching thickness is too large, it may create new raised areas, affecting the control of subsequent plaster layer thickness and the quality of the wall surface.

[0009] Furthermore, existing construction methods typically involve adding reinforcing structures based on the determined plaster thickness, primarily aimed at improving the load-bearing capacity and integrity of the thick plaster layer. However, this approach fails to effectively reduce local geometric deviations in the wall substrate before plastering. Consequently, a significant amount of plaster mortar is still used to fill in ineffective recesses in the wall substrate, increasing not only the additional load on the wall and material consumption but also hindering the uniform control of the plaster layer thickness.

[0010] Therefore, how to accurately obtain the deviation of each position of the wall base relative to the target finished surface, and to carry out targeted treatment based on the local deviation of the wall surface in order to reduce the filling thickness of the subsequent plastering mortar, so that the wall surface has the conditions for carrying out thin-layer plastering construction with a relatively uniform thickness, is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0011] Based on the above description, the purpose of this invention is to provide a local compensation plastering construction method based on a three-dimensional deviation map of the wall surface, so as to solve the problems in existing wall plastering construction, such as the difficulty in continuously and accurately obtaining the deviation of each position of the wall base relative to the target plastering surface, the main reliance on manual judgment for the range and depth of local depression areas, and the large difference in plaster layer thickness, high material consumption, and easy occurrence of hollowing, cracking and peeling caused by directly using plastering mortar to fill deep depression areas.

[0012] The technical solution of this invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A method for local compensation plastering construction based on a three-dimensional deviation map of the wall surface, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1: Establish construction benchmarks, establish the target plastering finish surface according to the design position of the wall to be constructed, determine the design thickness range of the plaster layer as h1 and h2, where 0 < h1 ≤ h2, and set at least three non-collinear spatial benchmark marks on the stable structure around the wall to be constructed.

[0014] S2: Obtain 3D wall data: Use a 3D scanning device to scan the base surface of the wall to be constructed to obtain 3D point cloud data of the base surface. Register the 3D point cloud data to the coordinate system of the target plastering surface according to the spatial reference mark. Calculate the net normal distance di of each base measuring point along the normal direction of the target plastering surface to the target plastering surface. Generate a 3D deviation map of the wall based on the position of each base measuring point and the corresponding net normal distance di.

[0015] S3: Divide the wall surface treatment area: According to the wall surface three-dimensional deviation diagram, the continuous area where the base layer measuring point with normal net distance di < h1 is located is determined as the protruding treatment area, the continuous area where the base layer measuring point with normal net distance h1 ≤ di ≤ h2 is located is determined as the direct plastering area, and the continuous area where the base layer measuring point with normal net distance di > h2 is determined as the depression compensation area.

[0016] S4: Implement local compensation: Remove the surface material of the protruding treatment area so that the net normal distance from each measuring point in the treated protruding treatment area to the target plastering finished surface is within the design thickness range; Divide the concave compensation area into at least one compensation unit according to the regional outline and net normal distance of the concave compensation area; Determine the thickness of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component according to the net normal distance and adhesive layer thickness of each compensation unit; Fix the prefabricated inorganic compensation component to the corresponding compensation unit so that the net normal distance from the exposed surface of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component to the target plastering finished surface is within the design thickness range;

[0017] S5: Perform compensation re-measurement: Perform a three-dimensional scan on the wall surface processed in step S4, and register the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained from the re-measurement to the coordinate system where the target plastered finished surface is located according to the spatial reference mark. Calculate the normal net distance from the re-measurement point to the target plastered finished surface. Remove the surface material in the area corresponding to the re-measurement point with a normal net distance less than h1, and add compensation components in the area corresponding to the re-measurement point with a normal net distance greater than h2, until the normal net distance from the corrected re-measurement point to the target plastered finished surface is within the design thickness range.

[0018] S6: Perform plastering: Apply plastering material to the wall surface that has passed the retest in step S5, and level the plastering material to the target plastering finish surface.

[0019] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0020] Furthermore, the spatial reference markers mentioned in step S1 are coded targets fixedly set on the inspected structure around the wall surface to be constructed. The coded targets remain in the same position during the construction process from steps S2 to S5. The three-dimensional coordinates of the target center of each coded target in the construction coordinate system are measured using a total station, and the plane equation of the target plastering finish surface in the construction coordinate system is determined based on the building axis, floor elevation line and the design position of the wall surface to be constructed.

[0021] In steps S2 and S5, the target center of each coded target is identified from the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained by scanning, and the corresponding three-dimensional point cloud data is subjected to rigid body transformation according to the three-dimensional coordinates of each target center in the construction coordinate system to register the corresponding three-dimensional point cloud data to the construction coordinate system.

[0022] Further, in step S2, neighborhood statistical filtering is performed on the three-dimensional point cloud data registered to the construction coordinate system to remove outliers in the three-dimensional point cloud data; the wall projection area corresponding to the target plastering finished surface is divided into square grids with side lengths of 20mm to 100mm; the filtered base layer measuring points are projected onto the corresponding square grids along the normal direction of the target plastering finished surface; the median of the normal net distance di of each base layer measuring point falling into each square grid is determined as the grid deviation value of the corresponding square grid; each square grid is classified according to the comparison results of the grid deviation value and the design thickness intervals h1 and h2; and square grids of the same category and adjacent boundaries are merged to form a protrusion treatment area, a direct plastering area, and a depression compensation area.

[0023] Further, in step S4, the grid deviation values ​​of each square grid in the concave compensation area are divided into multiple thickness levels according to a preset thickness difference. Square grids belonging to the same thickness level and with adjacent boundaries are merged into a compensation unit. The median of the grid deviation values ​​of each square grid in each compensation unit is used as the representative normal net distance Dj of the compensation unit, and the design thickness Tj of the corresponding prefabricated inorganic compensation component is determined according to the following formula: Tj = Dj - bj - h0; where bj is the design thickness of the bonding layer between the prefabricated inorganic compensation component and the base surface, h0 is the target plastering thickness, and h1≤h0≤h2; the actual thickness of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component is selected according to the design thickness Tj, so that the normal net distance from the exposed surface of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component after installation to the target plastering finished surface is within the design thickness range h1 and h2.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S4, prefabricated inorganic slabs with different standard thicknesses are cut according to the projection contour of each compensation unit on the target plastering completed surface to form prefabricated inorganic compensation parts that are adapted to the projection contour of the corresponding compensation unit.

[0025] When the design thickness Tj is greater than the maximum standard thickness of a single layer of prefabricated inorganic slab, at least two layers of the prefabricated inorganic compensation components are stacked together to form a combined compensation component, and the total compensation thickness of the combined compensation component is determined according to the thickness of each layer of prefabricated inorganic compensation component and the thickness of the interlayer bonding layer between two adjacent layers of prefabricated inorganic compensation components.

[0026] The joints of the prefabricated inorganic compensation components in two adjacent layers are staggered, and the joints of the outer prefabricated inorganic compensation components cover the joints of the inner prefabricated inorganic compensation components.

[0027] Furthermore, in step S4, before installing the prefabricated inorganic compensation component, the surface of the base layer in the corresponding compensation unit is cleaned and roughened, and at least three non-collinear thickness limiting blocks are set on the base layer surface. The thickness of each thickness limiting block is equal to the design thickness bj of the adhesive layer of the corresponding compensation unit.

[0028] After applying adhesive mortar to the back of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component, press the prefabricated inorganic compensation component into the corresponding compensation unit until the back of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component abuts against each thickness limiting pad.

[0029] After the bonding mortar has hardened, mechanical anchors that pass through the prefabricated inorganic compensation component and are anchored into the base surface are used for auxiliary fixation. The ends of the mechanical anchors are lower than the exposed surface of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component, and inorganic repair material is used to fill the position of the ends of the mechanical anchors.

[0030] Furthermore, in step S4, when arranging the prefabricated inorganic compensation components, the joints between adjacent prefabricated inorganic compensation components are staggered from the junction line of the base material of the wall to be constructed, and the minimum distance from the joint to the junction line of the base material is ≥50mm; a filling gap with a width of 3mm to 10mm is reserved between adjacent prefabricated inorganic compensation components, and the edge of the adjacent prefabricated inorganic compensation components facing the filling gap is processed into a slope that gradually widens from its back to the exposed surface, so that the filling gap forms a groove that widens towards the exposed surface; the filling gap is filled and compacted with inorganic grout material, and the outer surface of the inorganic grout material is flush with the exposed surface of the adjacent prefabricated inorganic compensation components.

[0031] Furthermore, the prefabricated inorganic compensation component is made of foamed ceramic board, foamed glass board, autoclaved aerated concrete board or lightweight inorganic mortar prefabricated board; the prefabricated inorganic compensation component has a first groove and a second groove that intersect each other on the side facing the base surface, and the first groove and the second groove together form a connecting groove network for the bonding mortar to enter; the exposed surface of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component is roughened to form a rough surface for bonding with plastering material.

[0032] Furthermore, in step S5, the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained from the retest is projected along the normal direction of the target plastered surface to the same square grid as in step S2, and the median of the normal net distance of the retest points falling into each square grid is determined as the retest net distance of the corresponding square grid.

[0033] When the remeasured net distance is less than h1, the exposed surface of the base layer or the prefabricated inorganic compensation component in the area where the corresponding square grid is located is removed to increase the normal net distance from the area to the target plastering finished surface.

[0034] When the remeasured net distance is greater than h2, an inorganic compensation piece is added to the area where the corresponding square grid is located to reduce the normal net distance from the area to the target plastering surface; after the removal process or the addition of the inorganic compensation piece is completed, a three-dimensional scan is performed again until the remeasured net distance of each square grid participating in the evaluation is within the design thickness range h1 and h2.

[0035] Furthermore, in step S6, the wall surface that has passed the retest is cleaned, and inorganic interface slurry is continuously applied to the exposed surface of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component, the direct plastering area, the filling joint, and the junction of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component and the base surface to form an interface layer covering the wall surface that has passed the retest.

[0036] After the interface layer is dry, plastering material is applied to the interface layer and leveling is performed. During the construction process, a laser ranging device is used to obtain the distance from the surface of the plastering material to the target plastering surface. Based on the obtained distance, the area higher than the target plastering surface is scraped off and the area lower than the target plastering surface is replenished with material.

[0037] After the plastering material hardens, the plastering surface is scanned in three dimensions, and the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained by the scan is registered to the construction coordinate system according to the spatial reference mark. The normal distance from each measuring point on the plastering surface to the target plastering finished surface is used as the flatness detection value of the plastering finished surface.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0039] 1. This invention establishes a construction coordinate system and a target plastering finished surface, and uniformly converts the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained by scanning the wall base layer into the normal net distance from each base layer measuring point to the target plastering finished surface, and generates a three-dimensional deviation map of the wall surface accordingly. This map can continuously reflect the protrusion, qualified and concave states of different positions of the wall base layer, and reduce the omission of deviation area identification caused by relying solely on straightedges, feeler gauges or discrete control points for detection.

[0040] 2. Based on the relationship between the normal net distance and the design thickness range of the plaster layer, this invention divides the wall surface into a protruding treatment area, a direct plastering area, and a recessed compensation area. This can clearly define the construction treatment methods for different areas, and provide a quantifiable basis for determining the local treatment range and depth of the wall surface.

[0041] 3. Before the formal plastering construction, the present invention uses prefabricated inorganic compensation components to fill the local deep recessed areas of the wall base, so that the exposed surface of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component and the target plastering finished surface retain a plastering space within the design thickness range. This can reduce the amount of plastering mortar used to fill the local deep recessed spaces and reduce the difference in plastering layer thickness between different locations on the same wall.

[0042] 4. By dividing the depression compensation area into compensation units and determining the thickness of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component based on the representative normal net distance of each compensation unit, the design thickness of the adhesive layer, and the target plaster thickness, this invention can improve the matching degree between the selection of the thickness of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component and the actual base layer deviation, and reduce under-compensation or over-compensation.

[0043] 5. This invention uses thickness-limiting pads to control the thickness of the adhesive layer and uses a combination of adhesive mortar and mechanical anchors to fix the prefabricated inorganic compensation components. This not only controls the installation position of the prefabricated inorganic compensation components, but also improves the reliability of the connection between the prefabricated inorganic compensation components and the wall base. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the local compensation plastering construction method based on the three-dimensional deviation map of the wall surface according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a spatial structural diagram illustrating the establishment of construction benchmarks and the acquisition of three-dimensional wall data for this invention.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional deviation diagram of the wall surface and a schematic diagram of the wall surface treatment area division according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the division of compensation units in the concave compensation area of ​​the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the installation structure of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6A This is a schematic diagram of the back groove structure of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6B This is a schematic diagram of the rough structure of the exposed surface of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 6CThis is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the filling joint between adjacent prefabricated inorganic compensation components of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6D This is a schematic diagram of the multi-layer staggered joint structure of the combined compensation component of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the compensation retest and out-of-tolerance area correction of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of laser detection of a wet plaster surface during the plastering process of the present invention.

[0055] Attached reference numerals: 1. Wall surface to be constructed; 11. Wall base layer; 12. Base material junction line; 13. Base measuring point; 2. Target plastered finished surface; 21. Normal direction; 22. Normal net distance; 23. Construction coordinate system; 3. Spatial reference mark; 31. Coded target; 32. Total station; 33. 3D scanning equipment; 34. Laser rangefinder; 35. Measuring support; 351. Horizontal moving guide rail; 352. Vertical moving guide rail; 4. 3D deviation diagram of the wall surface; 41. Square grid; 42. Protruding treatment area; 43. Direct plastering 44. Gray area; 45. Depression compensation area; 56. Compensation unit; 57. Precast inorganic compensation component; 58. First groove; 59. Second groove; 50. Rough surface; 51. Inner layer precast inorganic compensation component; 52. Outer layer precast inorganic compensation component; 53. Inorganic compensation piece; 64. Adhesive layer; 65. Adhesive mortar; 66. Thickness limiting pad; 67. Interlayer adhesive layer; 78. Mechanical anchor; 79. Rod body; 70. Pressure plate; 71. Inorganic repair material; 80. Filling joint; 81. Sloping surface; 82. Inorganic filling material; 9. Interface layer; 10. Plaster layer. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0057] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0058] like Figures 1-8As shown, the target plastering finished surface 2 refers to the wall design finished position determined according to the architectural design axis, wall design position, floor elevation, and decoration finished surface requirements. The target plastering finished surface 2 can be a vertical plane or a plane with a design inclination angle. For curved walls or other non-planar walls, the design finished surface can be divided into multiple adjacent local target surfaces, and each can be scanned, calculated, partitioned, and compensated according to the following method, with the side of the target plastering finished surface 2 facing the wall base 11 as the positive normal direction. The distance from the measuring point on the surface of the wall base 11 along the normal direction 21 to the target plastering finished surface 2 is the net normal distance 22. The larger the net normal distance 22, the more the wall base 11 is recessed into the wall relative to the target plastered finish surface 2; the smaller the net normal distance 22, the closer the wall base 11 is to the target plastered finish surface 2. The base measuring points 13 and re-measuring points refer to the effective measuring points retained after scanning boundary clipping, spatial reference mark 3 point removal, non-wall component point removal, and outlier filtering from the original point cloud obtained from the 3D scanning device 33. Flying points, multipath reflection points, points inside door and window openings, mixed points at wall edges, points obscured by construction personnel, points obscured by construction equipment, and other object points that do not belong to the wall surface 1 to be constructed are not included in the calculation of net normal distance 22 as base measuring points 13 or re-measuring points. For the uneven structure set on the surface of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component 5, the pores that normally exist on the base surface, and the isolated microstructures with particle sizes smaller than one-tenth of the side length of the point cloud grid, they are first processed by neighborhood statistical filtering or local median filtering. The retained measurement points after filtering are used as valid measurement points to determine whether the net normal distance 22 is within the design thickness range; wall surface three-dimensional deviation Figure 4 The deviation map can be a continuous color gradation deviation map, a discrete grid deviation map, or a combined deviation map that includes both continuous color gradation and grid boundaries. The continuous color gradation deviation map is generated based on the position and normal clearance 22 of each effective base layer measuring point 13; the discrete grid deviation map is generated based on the grid deviation value of each square grid 41. In embodiments without gridding, the wall treatment area can be directly divided based on the normal clearance 22 of each effective base layer measuring point 13. In the preferred embodiment with gridding, the normal clearance 22 of each effective base layer measuring point 13 is first calculated, and then the area is merged and the construction layout is performed based on the median of the normal clearance 22 within the grid.

[0059] like Figures 1-8As shown, the construction equipment, materials, and environmental conditions are as follows: The total station 32 used in implementing this invention preferably has an angle measurement accuracy of not less than 2″ and a distance measurement accuracy of not less than ±(2mm + 2ppm). The total station 32 is used to establish the construction coordinate system 23, determine the center coordinates of the spatial reference mark 3, and lay out the wall surface treatment area. The three-dimensional scanning device 33 can be a phase laser scanner, a pulse laser scanner, a structured light scanner, or other devices capable of outputting three-dimensional point cloud data. The single-point distance measurement error of the three-dimensional scanning device 33 within the wall scanning working distance range is preferably not greater than 1.5mm, and the average spacing between scanning points on the wall surface is not greater than 10mm. Data processing terminal The terminal is configured with a processor and memory capable of running point cloud processing programs. As a configuration example, the data processing terminal has no fewer than 8 processing cores and no fewer than 16GB of RAM. The point cloud processing program can perform point cloud trimming, outlier filtering, rigid body registration, normal distance calculation, mesh generation, mesh median calculation, region merging, and construction contour output. The laser ranging device 34 can be a laser rangefinder, laser displacement sensor, or laser scanning probe with distance output function, with a preferred ranging error of no more than ±1mm, used to detect the normal position of the wet plaster material surface relative to the target plastered surface 2 during plastering construction. A wall material removal device... Equipment includes a wall grinder with a dust collection device, a concrete grinder, a small electric hammer, a block planer, and a depth limiting device. Before removing materials from structural concrete, the thickness of the reinforcing steel protective layer and the location of embedded parts should be checked; the processing equipment for prefabricated inorganic compensators can be a band saw, a toothless cutter, a diamond cutter, a CNC cutter, or a waterjet cutter, and the cutting size error of the compensators should preferably be controlled within ±2mm; the mortar mixing equipment can be a hand-held mixer or a forced mortar mixer with a speed of 300r / min~800r / min. Drilling and anchoring equipment includes an electric hammer, a drilling depth limiter, hole cleaning tools, and anchor installation tools; auxiliary inspection... The testing equipment includes a 2m straightedge, feeler gauge, vernier caliper, steel tape measure, moisture content meter, mortar mold, pressure testing equipment, and a pull-out tester for random checks of bonding or anchoring performance. The 3D scanning equipment 33 undergoes an accuracy check before use. A calibration ruler of known length or at least two marker points with known spacing are set at a distance of 3m to 8m from the scanning equipment. If the difference between the scanned marker point spacing and the actual spacing is no greater than 2mm, it is permitted for wall scanning. The initial scan, compensation retest, and scan of the finished plaster surface preferably use the same resolution level and the same or similar scanning station to reduce the impact of changes in the scanning incident angle and point cloud density on data comparisons at different times.

[0060] like Figures 1-8As shown, the spatial reference mark 3 preferably adopts a planar reflective target with a unique code, a spherical target, or a coded target 31 whose center can be automatically identified by a point cloud processing program. The coded target 31 is fixed to the edge of beams, columns, floor slabs, shear walls, or other main structural components that do not move during construction. The coded target 31 is not fixed to the base surface to be ground, compensated, or plastered. At least three non-collinear spatial reference marks 3 are set around the perimeter of each wall surface 1 to be constructed. To improve registration stability, it is preferable to set four to eight coded targets 31 around the perimeter of the wall surface and distribute the coded targets 31 around the perimeter of the wall surface. The coded target 31 remains fixed before the initial scan, area layout, local compensation, compensation retest, and plastering finish surface inspection are completed. The prefabricated inorganic compensation component 5 can be made of foamed ceramic board, foam glass board, autoclaved aerated concrete board, or lightweight inorganic mortar prefabricated board. Precast inorganic compensating parts 5 must not have through cracks, obvious warping, loose edges or corners, or oil stains that affect adhesion; for ordinary indoor dry environments, foamed ceramic boards or lightweight inorganic mortar precast boards with a dry density of 250kg / m³ to 600kg / m³ can be used; for kitchens, bathrooms, or other areas with high humidity, foamed ceramic boards or foam glass boards with low water absorption can be used; for masonry bases and areas with large compensation thickness, autoclaved aerated concrete boards can be used.

[0061] like Figures 1-8As shown, the thickness of the single-layer precast inorganic compensation component 5 is preferably 5mm to 30mm. When the required compensation thickness is greater than the maximum thickness of the single-layer precast inorganic panel, at least two layers of precast inorganic compensation components 5 are stacked to form a combined compensation component. Foamed ceramic panels and foamed glass panels can be processed using diamond saw blades, CNC cutting machines, or water jet cutting equipment; autoclaved aerated concrete panels can be processed using band saws or special block cutting equipment; lightweight inorganic mortar precast panels can be first cast into standard panels and then cut, or they can be precast using molds according to the contour of the compensation unit 45; the precast inorganic compensation component 5 has a first groove 51 and a second groove 52 that intersect each other on the side facing the wall base 11. The width of the first groove 51 and the second groove 52 is 5mm to 20mm, and the depth is 2mm to 5mm. The first groove 51 and the second groove 52 are interconnected, forming a continuous network of grooves that allow the bonding mortar 61 to enter and be continuously distributed. The first groove 51 and the second groove 52 can be perpendicular to each other or intersect at an angle of 30° to 90°. The center distance between adjacent grooves in the same direction can be 40mm to 150mm. When the thickness of the compensation part is 5mm to 10mm, the groove width can be 5mm to 8mm and the groove depth can be 2mm. When the thickness of the compensation part is greater than 10mm and not greater than 20mm, the groove width can be 8mm to 12mm and the groove depth can be 2mm to 4mm. When the thickness of the compensation part is greater than 20mm, the groove width can be 12mm to 20mm and the groove depth can be 3mm to 5mm. The exposed surface of the prefabricated inorganic compensation part 5 is formed into multiple concave and convex structures by molding, grooving, roughening, sandblasting, grinding or rolling. The height difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the concave and convex structure is 0.5mm to 3mm. When the thickness of the compensating part is small or the material strength is low, the height difference of the concave-convex structure can be 0.5mm to 1mm; when the thickness of the compensating part is 10mm to 20mm, the height difference of the concave-convex structure can be 1mm to 2mm; when the thickness of the compensating part is greater than 20mm, the height difference of the concave-convex structure can be 2mm to 3mm. Using a 10mm thick foamed glass board, the width of the first groove 51 and the depth of the second groove 52 are 5mm, and the height difference of the exposed concave-convex structure is 0.5mm. As a second processing example, using a 20mm thick foamed ceramic board, the width of the first groove 51 and the depth of the second groove 52 are 10mm, and the height difference of the exposed concave-convex structure is 1.5mm. As a third processing example, a lightweight inorganic mortar precast slab with a thickness of 30 mm is used. The width of the first groove 51 and the second groove 52 are 20 mm and the depth is 5 mm. The height difference of the exposed surface concave and convex structure is 3 mm. The bonding mortar 61 is a cement-based polymer bonding mortar 61 that is compatible with the base layer and the precast inorganic compensation component 5.As feasible material parameters, the 28-day compressive strength of the bonding mortar 6128d is not less than 10MPa, the tensile bond strength with the concrete substrate is not less than 0.6MPa, and the tensile bond strength with the precast inorganic compensator 5 is not less than 0.4MPa. The mechanical anchor 7 includes a rod 71 and a pressure plate 72, the diameter of which is preferably 50mm to 70mm. The concrete substrate can use expansion or impact anchors with a diameter of 8mm, with an effective anchoring depth of not less than 40mm. The block substrate can use masonry-specific anchors with a diameter of 8mm to 10mm, with an effective anchoring depth of not less than 60mm. The actual anchor type is determined based on the substrate material, the thickness of the compensator, and the results of on-site pull-out tests. The inorganic joint mortar and inorganic repair mortar use low-shrinkage cement-based mortar, with a preferred 28-day compressive strength of 8MPa to 20MPa. The interface grout uses a cement-based inorganic interface grout, and its consistency should allow for continuous adhesion to the vertical surface without significant dripping. The preferred ambient temperature for construction is 5℃~35℃. The substrate surface should be free of standing water and condensation, and all loose dust, oil, release agents, and other contaminants should be removed. For substrates that are hollow, weathered, or lack sufficient strength, they should be removed and repaired first.

[0062] like Figures 1-8As shown, the construction benchmark and target plastering finish surface 2 are established: a construction coordinate system 23 is established based on the building construction control network. For vertical walls, the horizontal direction along the wall length can be set as the X-axis, the vertical upward direction as the Z-axis, and the direction perpendicular to the target plastering finish surface 2 and from the target plastering finish surface 2 toward the wall base 11 can be set as the Y-axis. A total station 32 is used to determine the three-dimensional coordinates of the center of each coded target 31 in the construction coordinate system 23. Each coded target 31 is measured at least twice. When the difference between the coordinates of the same target center obtained from the two measurements is not greater than 2mm, the average value is taken as the known coordinates of the target center; when the coordinate difference is greater than 2mm, the station is reset and measured again; the target plastering finish surface 2 is determined based on the building axis, the wall design position, the floor elevation, and the plastering finish surface position. The plane equation of the target plastered finished surface 2 is expressed as: Ax + By + Cz + D = 0; where A, B, and C are the normal vector components of the target plastered finished surface 2, and D is a plane constant. By changing the overall sign of A, B, C, and D, the vector (A, B, C) is made to point from the target plastered finished surface 2 to the wall base 11. The normalized unit normal vector n is: n = (A, B, C) / √(A² + B² + C²). For any base measuring point 13Pi in the construction coordinate system 23, its coordinates are (xi, yi, zi). The net normal distance 22di of the base measuring point 13 relative to the target plastered finished surface 2 is calculated according to the following formula: di = (Axi + Byi + Czi + D) / √(A² + B² + C²). According to the above normal vector direction, when the base measuring point 13 is located at the target plastered finished surface 2, the net normal distance 22di of the base measuring point 13 relative to the target plastered finished surface 2 is calculated according to the following formula: di = (Axi + Byi + Czi + D) / √(A² + B² + C²). When the plastered surface 2 faces the wall base 11, di is positive; when the base measuring point 13 is located on the target plastered surface 2, di is zero; when the base measuring point 13 crosses the target plastered surface 2 in a direction away from the wall base 11, di is negative. For the implementation where the target plastered surface 2 is Y=0, the positive direction of the Y-axis is set to the direction from the target plastered surface 2 to the wall base 11. Then the unit normal vector of the target plastered surface 2 is n=(0,1,0), and the net normal distance 22 of the base measuring point 13Pi is: di=yi. For example, the coordinates of the base measuring point 13P1 are (1250,6.4,1600) mm, and its net normal distance 22 is 6.4 mm. When the design thickness range is 8 mm and 12 mm, the location of P1 belongs to the protruding treatment area 42.The coordinates of base measuring point 13P2 are (1800, 9.8, 1500) mm, and its normal net distance 22 is 9.8 mm, belonging to the direct plastering area 43; the coordinates of base measuring point 13P3 are (4200, 28.7, 1300) mm, and its normal net distance 22 is 28.7 mm, belonging to the depression compensation area 44. According to the allowable construction thickness of the plastering material and the wall design requirements, the design thickness ranges h1 and h2 of the plaster layer 10 are determined, where h1 is the minimum design thickness of the plaster layer 10, and h2 is the maximum design thickness of the plaster layer 10, and 0 < h1 ≤ h2 is satisfied. Within the design thickness range, the target plastering thickness h0 is selected, and h1 ≤ h0 ≤ h2 is satisfied. Preferably, h0 is set to the middle value of the design thickness range, i.e., h0 = (h1 + h2) / 2. When there are door and window openings in the wall, the edge line of the opening and the effective construction area of ​​the wall are established separately. The point cloud inside the opening is not included in the wall deviation calculation. The point clouds of beams, columns, roof slabs and ground connected to the wall can be used to help identify the wall boundary, but are not included in the grid deviation statistics as base measurement points 13.

[0063] like Figures 1-8As shown, the three-dimensional data of the wall surface is acquired and point cloud registration is performed: the three-dimensional scanning device 33 is set at a position that allows for complete observation of the wall surface 1 to be constructed and at least three coded targets 31. The distance between the scanning device and the wall surface is preferably 2m to 10m, and the angle between the scanning light and the wall surface normal is preferably no greater than 60°. When a single scanning station is obstructed or the scanning incident angle is too large, two or more scanning stations are set. The overlap rate of the scanning areas of adjacent stations is not less than 30%, and each station can simultaneously scan at least three identical coded targets 31. During scanning, the spacing between scanning points on the wall surface is controlled to be 3mm to 10mm. For areas with large unevenness, many pipeline grooves, or complex junctions of base materials, the spacing between scanning points is controlled to be 3mm to 5mm; for areas with large areas and gentle surface changes, the spacing between scanning points can be 5mm to 10mm. The center of each coded target 31 is identified from the original point cloud, and the coordinates of the center of the coded target 31 in the local coordinate system of the scanning device are obtained. Based on the coordinates of the coded target 31 in the local coordinate system and the construction coordinates measured by the total station 32, the rotation matrix R and translation vector t are solved, and a rigid body transformation is performed according to the following formula: P = RQ + t; where Q is the coordinate of a point in the local coordinate system of the scanning equipment, and P is the coordinate of a point in the construction coordinate system 23; the rotation matrix R and translation vector t are solved by least squares through at least three corresponding target centers. After registration, the root mean square error between the transformed coordinates of each target center and the coordinates measured by the total station 32 is calculated. When the root mean square error is not greater than 1.5mm, the registration result is accepted; when the root mean square error is greater than 1.5mm, the target identification result, target fixation status, and total station 32 measurement data are checked, and re-registration or re-scanning is performed. The registered point cloud is cropped, retaining only the base points within the effective boundary of the wall surface 1 to be constructed. Neighborhood statistical filtering is performed on the point cloud, and the 20 nearest neighbor points are selected for each measuring point, and the average distance from the measuring point to the neighbor points is calculated. Calculate the overall average value μ and standard deviation σ of the average neighborhood distance of all measuring points. When the average neighborhood distance of a measuring point is greater than μ + 2σ, the measuring point is identified as an outlier and deleted. For masonry base layers with large surface roughness, the judgment threshold can be adjusted to μ + 2.5σ, and the integrity of the point cloud is checked after filtering. When any area of ​​the wall surface larger than 100mm × 100mm lacks effective point cloud data, the area is supplemented by scanning, and interpolated data spanning large missing areas is not used to replace the field measurement data; wall mesh division and 3D deviation map generation: establish mutually perpendicular planar coordinate axes u-axis and v-axis within the target plastered finished surface 2. The u-axis is preferably set along the horizontal direction of the wall surface, and the v-axis is preferably set along the vertical direction of the wall surface. Divide the wall projection area corresponding to the target plastered finished surface 2 into square grids 41 with side lengths of 20mm to 100mm.For ordinary interior walls, a 50mm×50mm grid is preferred. When the base surface has complex variations, a 20mm×20mm or 25mm×25mm grid can be used. When the wall area is large and the base deviation changes slowly, a 75mm×75mm or 100mm×100mm grid can be used. Project each base measuring point 13 along the normal direction 21 of the target plastered surface 2 onto the target plastered surface 2. Determine the square grid 41 to which the base measuring point 13 belongs based on the u and v coordinates of the projection points. For any square grid 41, the net normal distance 22 of all base measuring points 13 falling within that grid is used to form the set of net normal distances 22. When a grid contains no fewer than three base measuring points 13, the median of all net normal distances 22 within that grid is determined as the grid deviation value of that grid. Using the median of the net normal distance 22 within the grid as the grid deviation value can reduce the impact of local sand particles, pores, scanning noise, and sporadic protrusions on the grid classification results. When there are fewer than three effective base layer measuring points 13 within a grid, the grid is marked as a grid with insufficient data, and supplementary scanning is performed on the corresponding locations. If there are still fewer than three effective measuring points after supplementary scanning, the net normal distance 22 at no fewer than three locations is measured using manual contact measuring equipment, and the measurement results are recorded in the corresponding grid.

[0064] like Figures 1-8 As shown, grids are classified according to their deviation values ​​and the design thickness intervals h1 and h2. Grids with deviation values ​​less than h1 are marked as protruding treatment grids. Grids with deviation values ​​greater than or equal to h1 and less than or equal to h2 are marked as direct plastering grids; grids with deviation values ​​greater than h2 are marked as recessed compensation grids. Square grids 41 of the same category with a common edge are merged into a continuous area. Protruding treatment areas 42 are formed from protruding treatment grids, direct plastering areas 43 are formed from direct plastering grids, and recessed compensation areas 44 are formed from recessed compensation grids. Two grids that only touch at diagonal positions but do not have a common edge are not directly merged to avoid incorrectly merging actually separate treatment areas and reducing the three-dimensional deviation of the wall surface. Figure 4 This includes at least the wall boundary, coordinate scale, grid boundary, grid deviation value, protruding treatment area 42, direct plastering area 43, recess compensation area 44, and the location of coded target 31. For easy on-site identification, different colors can be used to represent different treatment categories. The recess compensation area 44 is marked with the representative normal net distance 22, the design thickness of the adhesive layer 6, and the recommended thickness of the compensation component, thus representing the three-dimensional deviation of the wall surface. Figure 4Output the construction drawings at a scale of 1:10 to 1:50, and output the closed contour coordinates of each treatment area. Use a total station 32, laser line projector, or contour template to lay out the area contour onto the surface of the wall base 11; Construction of protruding treatment area 42: For protruding treatment area 42, calculate the material removal thickness based on the grid deviation value. Preferably, the target plaster thickness h0 is used as the target normal net distance 22 after treatment. Then, the theoretical material removal thickness rk of any protruding treatment grid is: rk = h0 - dk; where dk is the grid deviation value of the protruding treatment grid. When the theoretical material removal thickness of the concrete base is not greater than 5mm, a diamond grinding disc with a depth limiting device is used for layered grinding, and the grinding depth each time is not greater than 2mm. When the theoretical material removal thickness of the concrete base is greater than 5mm, a small electric pick or low-impact chisel can be used to remove the surface material first, and then a grinding equipment can be used for fine finishing. For autoclaved aerated concrete, lightweight blocks, or mortar repair bases, a block planer, grinding plate, or low-impact grinding equipment is used to remove the material to avoid using equipment with large impact energy that may cause block breakage or loosening of mortar joints. During the material removal process, after each layer of grinding is completed, a laser rangefinder 34 or a depth gauge is used to measure the treatment depth. The local normal net distance 22 after treatment is preferably controlled within the range of h0 ± 1mm, and shall not be less than h1. If removing material according to the theoretical thickness may result in insufficient concrete cover, exposed rebar, damage to embedded parts, or a reduction in the effective cross-section of the wall, stop material removal and review the finished plastering surface or local structural treatment method. After the protrusion treatment is completed, remove dust and loose particles. Roughen or mechanically roughen the smooth concrete surface formed by grinding to create rough undulations with a height difference of 0.5mm to 2mm.

[0065] like Figures 1-8As shown, the depression compensation zone 44 is divided and the thickness of the compensation component is determined: For each continuous depression compensation zone 44, compensation units 45 are divided according to the grid deviation value. A depression compensation grid is used as the starting grid, and grids that share a common edge and whose addition will not cause the difference between the maximum and minimum grid deviation values ​​within the unit to exceed 5mm are incorporated into the same compensation unit 45. When adding a grid would cause the difference between the maximum and minimum grid deviation values ​​within the compensation unit 45 to exceed 5mm, that grid is used as a new starting grid to establish another compensation unit 45, until all depression compensation grids are divided. The median of the grid deviation values ​​of all square grids 41 within each compensation unit 45 is determined as the representative normal net distance 22Dj of that compensation unit 45; the design thickness bj of the bonding layer 6 between the precast inorganic compensation component 5 and the base surface is determined based on the base material, surface roughness, and the construction performance of the bonding mortar 61. The design thickness bj of the adhesive layer 6 is preferably 3mm to 8mm. The design thickness Tj of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component 5 of the j-th compensation unit 45 is calculated according to the following formula: Tj = Dj - bj - h0. The actual thickness tj is selected according to the actual specifications of the prefabricated inorganic board, and the actual thickness tj satisfies: h1 ≤ Dj - bj - tj ≤ h2. When there are multiple actual thicknesses that satisfy the above conditions, the actual thickness that makes Dj - bj - tj close to the target plaster thickness h0 is preferred. For a single-layer prefabricated inorganic compensation component 5, the actual thickness tj is the board thickness of the single-layer prefabricated inorganic compensation component 5. For a combined compensation component formed by stacking two or more layers of prefabricated inorganic compensation components 5, the sum of the board thickness of each layer and the design thickness of the interlayer adhesive layer 63 between two adjacent layers is taken as the actual compensation thickness tj of the combined compensation component. Let the combined compensation component include p layers of board, and the thicknesses of each layer of board are t1, t2, ..., tp, respectively. The design thickness of the interlayer adhesive layer 63 between two adjacent layers of board is... Let c1, c2, ..., c(p-1) be the actual compensation thickness tj of the combined compensation component. Then, tj = t1 + t2 + ... + tp + c1 + c2 + ... + c(p-1). The design thickness bj of the bonding layer 6 between the combined compensation component and the base surface is not included in the actual compensation thickness tj of the combined compensation component, but is separately included in the calculation of the exposed surface position of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component 5. When the thickness of the standard plate cannot meet the above actual thickness conditions, the thicker plate can be ground to a fixed thickness, or two or more layers of prefabricated inorganic compensation components 5 can be stacked together, and an interlayer bonding layer 63 with a thickness of 2mm to 5mm can be set between adjacent layers of compensation components. The joints of two adjacent layers of panels are staggered, preferably by a distance of not less than 100mm. When the size of the compensation component is limited by the outline of the compensation unit 45 and cannot reach a stagger distance of 100mm, the stagger distance is not less than three times the thickness of the corresponding panel, and it is ensured that there is no through joint extending continuously from the base layer to the exposed surface of the compensation component. The prefabricated inorganic compensation component 5 located on the outer layer covers the joint of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component 5 located on the inner layer.The solid area of ​​the outer layer covers the projection of the inner layer joint onto the target plastered surface 2. A cutting diagram of the compensation component is generated based on the projection contour of each compensation unit 45 onto the target plastered surface 2. To reserve a filling gap 8, the cutting contour of the compensation component is recessed inward by 1.5mm to 5mm relative to the theoretical contour of the compensation unit 45. After the compensation component is cut, the dimensions are checked using a steel ruler, vernier caliper, or contour template. The dimensional error on one side should not exceed 2mm. When a single compensation component is too large for convenient transportation and installation, the compensation unit 45 is split into multiple compensation components. The long side of a single compensation component is preferably not greater than 1200mm, and the area is preferably not greater than 0.72m². A filling gap 8 with a width of 3mm to 10mm is reserved between adjacent compensation components.

[0066] like Figures 1-8As shown, the installation of prefabricated inorganic compensation component 5 is as follows: Before installation, the base layer of the recessed compensation area 44 is cleaned using a wire brush, grinder, vacuum cleaner, or high-pressure airflow to remove floating dust, loose mortar, and oil stains. For masonry base layers with high water absorption, the surface is moistened appropriately 1-2 hours before bonding, ensuring the surface is damp but without standing water. Smooth concrete base layers are mechanically roughened or ground to create a rough texture with a depth of 0.5mm-2mm. If there are holes or local damage in the base layer, inorganic repair mortar is used to fill them first. After the repair material reaches the allowable construction strength, the compensation component is installed. At least three non-collinear thickness-limiting blocks 62 are set in each compensation unit 45. The thickness-limiting blocks 62 are made of cement-based prefabricated sheets, ceramic sheets, or other inorganic materials that do not undergo significant compression under construction pressure. The thickness of each thickness-limiting pad 62 is equal to the design thickness bj of the bonding layer 6 of the corresponding compensation unit 45, and the thickness error of the thickness-limiting pad 62 is no greater than ±0.5mm. After the thickness-limiting pads 62 are set, their actual thickness is measured using a vernier caliper or thickness gauge. When three thickness-limiting pads 62 are set for the same compensation component, the three thickness-limiting pads 62 are not located on the same straight line. For compensation components with an area of ​​no more than 0.25m², three to five thickness-limiting pads 62 are set; for compensation components with an area greater than 0.25m², the thickness-limiting pads 62 are set with a spacing of no more than 400mm, and the thickness-limiting pads 62 are distributed around the perimeter and center of the compensation component; the bonding mortar 61 is mixed according to the water addition amount specified by the material product. When using premixed cement-based polymer bonding mortar 61, the exemplary water addition amount is 18% to 22% of the dry powder mass. During mixing, stir continuously for 3 minutes, let stand for 2 minutes, and then stir for 1 minute to form a uniform slurry 61 without dry powder lumps or significant flow. Apply the bonding mortar 61 continuously to the back of the precast inorganic compensation component 5 and press it into the connecting groove network formed by the first groove 51 and the second groove 52. Use a notched trowel to comb through the bonding mortar 61 to avoid creating large cavities on the back of the compensation component due to only applying it around the perimeter. Align the precast inorganic compensation component 5 coated with bonding mortar 61 with the layout outline and press it onto the base surface, applying pressure evenly from the center of the compensation component outwards until the back of the compensation component contacts the thickness-limiting pads 62. Use a 0.5mm thick feeler gauge to check the gap between the back of the compensation component and the thickness-limiting pads 62. When the feeler gauge cannot be inserted, it indicates that the back of the compensation component has contacted the corresponding thickness-limiting pad 62. Use a rubber mallet to gently tap and adjust the position of the compensation component; do not directly strike the compensation component with a metal hammer. During installation, a laser ranging device 34 is used to detect the normal net distance 22 from the exposed surface of the compensation component to the target plastered finished surface 2. Before the bonding mortar 61 initially sets, the position and posture of the compensation component are adjusted so that the normal net distance 22 from each control position of the exposed surface of the compensation component to the target plastered finished surface 2 is within h1 and h2; a filling joint 8 with a width of 3mm to 10mm is reserved between adjacent precast inorganic compensation components 5.The edge of the compensating member facing the filling joint 8 is processed into a slope 81 that gradually expands from the back of the compensating member to the exposed surface, so that the filling joint 8 forms a groove that widens towards the exposed surface. As a specific configuration, the width of the filling joint 8 at the back of the compensating member is 4mm, and the width at the exposed surface of the compensating member is 8mm, with the slope 81 penetrating the thickness of the compensating member; inorganic joint mortar is used to fill the filling joint 8 in two stages and compacted, so that the outer surface of the inorganic joint mortar is flush with the exposed surface of the adjacent compensating member; when the wall surface 1 to be constructed includes the junction line 12 formed by concrete and masonry or two other different base materials, the joint between adjacent compensating members shall not coincide with the junction line 12 of the base materials. The minimum distance from the joint of the compensation component to the junction line 12 of the base material shall not be less than 50mm, preferably 80mm to 150mm; when the bonding mortar 61 is applied, test specimens with the same curing conditions shall be prepared using the same batch of bonding mortar 61, and the specimens shall be placed in an environment with temperature and humidity that are basically the same as those at the installation location of the compensation component for curing; let the design compressive strength of the bonding mortar 61 be fc,d, and the compressive strength measured at the same curing time t be fc,t. When the condition fc,t ≥ 0.5fc,d is met, the compressive strength of the bonding mortar 61 is determined to be more than 50% of its design compressive strength, and the installation of the mechanical anchor 7 is permitted. When the strength growth curve of a specific bonding mortar 61 under specified temperature and humidity conditions has been determined by test, the allowable installation time of the mechanical anchor 7 can also be determined according to the strength growth curve, but the compressive strength at the corresponding time should not be less than 50% of the design compressive strength. When installing the mechanical anchor 7, the drill bit passes through the prefabricated inorganic compensator 5 and the bonding layer 6 behind the compensator in sequence, and drills into the wall base 11, so that the anchoring section of the rod 71 of the mechanical anchor 7 enters the wall base 11. The length of the mechanical anchor 7 is determined according to the actual thickness tj of the compensator, the design thickness bj of the bonding layer 6 between the base and the compensator, the effective anchoring depth la, and the construction allowance ls. The length L of the mechanical anchor 7 satisfies: L ≥ tj + bj + la + ls, and the construction allowance ls can be 5mm to 15mm. A depth limiter is used during drilling, and the drilling depth is 10mm to 15mm greater than the effective anchoring depth of the anchor. After cleaning the dust inside the hole, the mechanical anchor 7 is installed. The preferred number of anchors is no less than six per square meter, and no less than two for each independent compensation component. The preferred distance from the edge of the compensation component to the center of the nearest anchor is 80mm to 150mm, and the center-to-center distance between adjacent anchors is no greater than 400mm. After the mechanical anchor 7 is installed, the outermost surface of the pressure plate 72 or its end should be 2mm to 5mm lower than the exposed surface of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component 5. Inorganic repair mortar is used to fill the recess above the pressure plate 72 or its end of the mechanical anchor 7, compacting it and scraping it until it is flush with the exposed surface of the compensation component. After the repair mortar hardens, there should be no looseness, obvious shrinkage pits, or exposed metal parts.

[0067] like Figures 1-8As shown, the compensation retest and closed-loop correction are performed as follows: After removing the material from the protruding treatment area 42, installing the prefabricated inorganic compensation component 5, constructing the filling joint 8, and mechanically anchoring, the wall surface is cleaned, and the same spatial reference mark 3 and construction coordinate system 23 as the initial scan are used for compensation retest. The spacing between the scanning points in the compensation retest is no greater than the spacing between the scanning points in the initial scan. Rigid body registration is performed on the retest point cloud according to the center of the coded target 31. The root mean square error of the registration of the retest point cloud is no greater than 1.5mm. The retest point cloud is then subjected to wall boundary trimming, coded target 31 point removal, non-wall component point removal, and neighborhood statistical filtering to obtain the effective retest points used for compensation retest. First, the normal net distance 22 from each effective retest point to the target plastering finished surface 2 is calculated. Effective re-measurement points with a normal net distance 22 less than h1 are formed into a first set of excess points, and effective re-measurement points with a normal net distance 22 greater than h2 are formed into a second set of excess points. The first and second sets of excess points are projected onto the target plastered surface 2 along the normal direction 21. Based on the spatial adjacency of the projected points, one or more point-level excess regions are formed. Material removal is performed on the point-level excess regions corresponding to the first set of excess points. The removed material can be the surface material of the wall base 11, the exposed surface material of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component 5, the joint filling mortar, or the anchor repair mortar, thereby increasing the normal net distance 22 of the region. Inorganic compensation pieces 56 are added to the point-level excess regions corresponding to the second set of excess points to reduce the normal net distance 22 of the region. In the preferred embodiment of re-measurement using a square grid 41, the effective re-measurement points are projected onto the same square grid 41 divided in the initial scan along the normal direction 21 of the target plastered surface 2. For each square grid 41 containing no less than three valid remeasurement points, the median of the normal net distance 22 of the valid remeasurement points in the grid is taken as the remeasurement net distance of the corresponding square grid 41; when the remeasurement net distance of the square grid 41 is less than h1, the surface of the wall base 11, the exposed surface of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component 5, or the corresponding repair material in the area where the grid is located is removed. When the remeasured net distance of the square grid 41 is greater than h2, an inorganic compensation piece 56 is added to the area where the grid is located. Let the representative remeasured net distance of the area where the inorganic compensation piece 56 needs to be added be Dk, the design thickness of the bonding layer 6 between the compensation piece and the original surface be bk, and the actual thickness of the compensation piece be tk. Then the actual thickness tk of the compensation piece satisfies: h1≤Dk-bk-tk≤h2. The design thickness Tk of the compensation piece is calculated according to the following formula: Tk=Dk-bk-h0. The actual thickness tk is selected according to the available compensation piece specifications. The thickness of the inorganic compensation piece 56 can be 2mm~10mm. When the area of ​​the compensation piece is small, inorganic bonding mortar 61 is used for full bonding. When the area of ​​the compensation piece is greater than 0.04m² or the longest side of the compensation piece is greater than 300mm, at least one mechanical anchor 7 is set on the full bonding basis. After the material removal or the addition of the inorganic compensation piece 56 is completed, a three-dimensional scan is performed again.The termination conditions for compensation retesting include the following two points: First, the net normal distance 22 from each valid retest point to the target plastered finished surface 2 is within the design thickness range h1 and h2; Second, the net retest distance of each square grid 41 containing no less than three valid retest points is within the design thickness range h1 and h2. When the net retest distance of the grid is within the design thickness range, but there are still valid retest points in the grid with a net normal distance 22 less than h1 or greater than h2, the local area corresponding to the valid retest point is still corrected, and the grid median is not used as a substitute for point-level correction. When the retest point deviation is caused by isolated particles on the exposed surface of the compensation component, removable burrs, or local protrusions in the mortar, a grinding tool is used for point-like repair. When the retest point deviation is caused by local holes with a diameter of no more than 10 mm, inorganic repair mortar is used to fill them. After repair, the scan is repeated until the above two termination conditions are met.

[0068] like Figures 1-8As shown, interface treatment and plastering construction: Before plastering, check the fixation status of the precast inorganic compensator 5. When pushing the compensator by hand, there should be no perceptible displacement. When lightly tapping it with a small hammer, there should be no continuous large-area hollow sound. If the compensator is found to be loose, remove the corresponding compensator, clean the base layer again, and re-attach, control the thickness limit, anchor, and re-measure. Apply inorganic interface slurry continuously to the exposed surface of the precast inorganic compensator 5, the direct plastering area 43, the protruding treatment area 42, the filling joint 8 between adjacent compensators, the mechanical anchoring repair position, and the junction between the compensator and the base surface without compensators. The water content of the interface slurry is 18% to 22% of the dry powder mass, the construction thickness is 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm, and the material consumption is 0.8 kg / m² to 1.5 kg / m². The interface slurry is applied by roller, brush, or spray, ensuring no areas are missed. The plastering material can be cement-based, gypsum-based, or polymer-modified inorganic plastering mortar. The allowable thickness of the selected plastering material should cover the design thickness range h1 and h2. The plastering material is mechanically mixed. The water content for cement-based premixed plastering mortar is 16%–20% of the dry powder mass, and the mixing time is 3–5 minutes. The mixed plastering mortar should be used within the specified workable time; do not add water to mortar that has already partially set. After the interface layer 9 reaches the allowable plastering state, apply the plastering material. First, press the plastering material into the rough structure of the base layer and the uneven structure of the exposed surface of the precast inorganic compensation component 5. Then, add plastering material to the design thickness and use a scraper for initial scraping. During the plastering process, a laser ranging device 34 is used to obtain the normal deviation of the wet plastering material surface relative to the target plastering finished surface 2. The laser ranging device 34 is installed on a bracket located on the side of the target plastering finished surface 2 away from the wall base 11, with its laser emission direction facing the wall base 11. Preferably, a two-dimensional measuring bracket 35 with a horizontal moving guide rail 351 and a vertical moving guide rail 352 is used. The plane where the horizontal moving guide rail 351 and the vertical moving guide rail 352 are located is parallel to the target plastering finished surface 2. The emission axis of the laser ranging device 34 is parallel to the normal direction 21 of the target plastering finished surface 2. After installation, a total station 32 and a spatial reference mark 3 are used to determine the position of the laser emission reference point of the laser ranging device 34 in the construction coordinate system 23 and to verify the laser emission direction.

[0069] like Figures 1-8As shown, the angle between the laser emission direction and the normal direction 21 of the target plastered surface 2 is preferably no greater than 0.5°. Let L0 be the normal distance from the laser emission reference point to the target plastered surface 2. At the same measurement position, the laser ranging device 34 measures the distance from the laser emission reference point to the surface of the wet plaster material as Li. Then, the normal deviation Δi of the wet plaster material surface relative to the target plastered surface 2 is: Δi = Li - L0. Since the laser ranging device 34 is located on the side of the target plastered surface 2 away from the wall base 11, and the laser emission direction is towards the wall base 11, when Δi is less than zero, it indicates that the surface of the wet plaster material is located on the side of the target plastered surface 2 away from the wall base 11, that is, the plaster material has crossed the target plastered surface 2, and the plaster material at the corresponding position is scraped. When Δi equals zero, it indicates that the surface of the wet plastering material is on the target finished plastering surface 2; when Δi is greater than zero, it indicates that the surface of the wet plastering material has not yet reached the target finished plastering surface 2, and additional material is added to the corresponding position; when there is an angle θ between the laser emission direction and the normal direction 21 of the target finished plastering surface 2, the normal component of the measurement distance is corrected, and the normal deviation Δi is calculated according to the following formula: Δi=Li·cosθ-L0; when using the guide rail type measuring bracket 35, the laser ranging device 34 is moved along the horizontal and vertical directions of the wall at intervals of 100mm~300mm, and the plane coordinates and normal deviations of each measurement position are recorded; after scraping or adding material to the detected out-of-tolerance positions, the measurement is repeated until the normal deviation of the wet plastering surface is within the preset construction control range. The preset construction control range can be -2mm~+2mm. This construction control range is used to control the location of the wet plaster surface and does not replace the three-dimensional scanning inspection after the plaster material has hardened; after the plaster layer has set for 10 minutes, curing should be carried out according to the type of plaster material. Cement-based plaster mortar should be kept moist after the surface is ready for curing, and the curing time should preferably be no less than 7 days. Gypsum-based plaster mortar should be ventilated and dried according to the material requirements to avoid early water immersion.

[0070] like Figures 1-8As shown, the plastering surface inspection is performed as follows: After the plastering material reaches a hardened state that can withstand scanning without surface disturbance, a three-dimensional scan is performed on the plastering surface. The preferred spacing between scanning points is 5mm to 10mm. The point cloud of the plastering surface is registered to the construction coordinate system 23 according to the original spatial reference mark 3, and the point cloud is subjected to wall boundary clipping and outlier filtering. For any valid measuring point Qi on the plastering surface, its coordinates are (xi, yi, zi). The signed normal distance ei from this measuring point to the target plastering surface 2 is: ei = (Axi + Byi + Czi + D) / √(A² +B² +C²); The absolute normal distance Ei of the measuring point is: Ei = |ei|, and the wall forming deviation value Emax is the maximum value of the absolute normal distance of all effective plastering surface measuring points, that is: Emax = max(E1, E2, ..., EN); where N is the total number of effective plastering surface measuring points; In addition to the wall forming deviation value, the average absolute normal distance, root mean square normal distance, 95th percentile normal distance and out-of-tolerance area can also be calculated as auxiliary evaluation data of wall forming quality. For areas with large areas of out-of-tolerance, their boundaries are determined according to the plastering finished surface deviation diagram. If the plastering surface protrudes from the target plastering finished surface 2 along the direction away from the base layer, local grinding is performed. If the plastering surface is located on the side of the target plastering finished surface 2 facing the base layer and the indentation exceeds the allowable value, the corresponding area is treated with interface treatment and then filled with inorganic repair mortar compatible with the original plastering material.

[0071] Example:

[0072] like Figures 1-8 As shown, taking an interior composite wall with a length of 6000mm and a height of 3000mm as an example, the total area of ​​the wall is 18.00m², of which the 3600mm wide area on the left is autoclaved aerated concrete masonry, and the 2400mm wide area on the right is a cast-in-place concrete shear wall. In the construction coordinate system 23, the X-axis runs from left to right along the wall surface, the Z-axis is vertically upward, and the Y-axis points from the target plastering surface 2 to the wall base layer 11. The target plastering surface 2 is set as: Y = 0. Under this coordinate setting, the Y coordinate value of any base layer measuring point 13 is the normal net distance 22 of the base layer measuring point 13. The design thickness range of the plaster layer 10 is determined as: h1 = 8mm; h2 = 12mm; the target plaster thickness is: h0 = 10mm. Six coded targets 31 are fixed on the main structural components around the wall surface.

[0073] The example coordinates of the centers of the six coded targets 31 in the construction coordinate system 23 are as follows: Target Number - X Coordinate - Y Coordinate - Z Coordinate

[0074] B1-0mm-120mm-200mm; B2-6000mm-118mm-200mm; B3-0mm-121mm-2800mm;

[0075] B4-6000mm-119mm-2800mm; B5-3000mm-150mm-120mm; B6-3000mm-148mm-2880mm. Since the positive Y-axis direction points from the target plastered surface 2 to the wall base 11, the main structural components and coded targets 31 located on the side of the target plastered surface 2 facing the base have positive Y coordinates. The coordinates of the coded targets 31 are used for point cloud registration and are not directly used as the net normal distance 22 of the wall base 11 for wall surface treatment area classification. The 3D scanning device 33 sets two scanning stations at a distance of about 4m from the wall surface, with the two scanning stations located on the left and right sides of the wall centerline, respectively. The wall surface point spacing is set to 5mm, and each station can identify six coded targets 31. After the two point clouds are registered with the coded targets 31, the root mean square error of the registration is 0.8mm. The original wall point cloud contained approximately 760,000 measurement points. After wall boundary clipping and neighborhood statistical filtering, approximately 720,000 effective base measurement points were retained. The wall was divided into 120 columns and 60 rows, totaling 7,200 square grids. Each square grid 41 has an area of ​​0.0025 m², and all grids contain more than three effective base layer measuring points 13. The minimum grid deviation value obtained from the initial scan is 3.6 mm, the maximum is 43.6 mm, and the average is 15.7 mm. According to the design thickness range of 8 mm and 12 mm, the following results were obtained: Area category - number of grids - area: Protrusion treatment area 42 - 660 - 1.65 m²; Direct plastering area 43 - 4340 - 10.85 m²; Depression compensation area 44 - 2200 - 5.50 m²; Total: 7200 - 18.00 m². Protrusion treatment area 42 is mainly located at concrete formwork joints and local high mortar joints in masonry. The median of the grid deviation value in the protruding treatment zone 42 is 6.4 mm. Based on h0 = 10 mm, the average theoretical material removal thickness of the protruding treatment zone 42 is 3.6 mm, and the maximum theoretical material removal thickness is 6.4 mm. The concrete base layer is ground in layers using a diamond grinding disc with a dust collection device, and the single grinding depth is 1 mm to 2 mm. The high mortar joints of the masonry are treated using a block planer and a grinding plate. The net normal distance 22 after treatment is controlled to be 9 mm to 11 mm.

[0076] The 5.50m² depression compensation area 44 was divided into four compensation units 45 according to the condition that the difference between the maximum and minimum grid deviation values ​​within the same compensation unit 45 is no greater than 5mm. The data is as follows: Compensation unit 45 area - grid deviation value - range - representative normal net distance 22Dj: U1 - 2.10m² - 20.8mm~25.4mm - 23.2mm; U2 - 1.55m² - 26.6mm~30.9mm - 28.7mm; U3 - 1.10m² - 31.8mm~36.3mm - 34.1mm; U4 - 0.75m² - 39.2mm~43.6mm - 41.4mm; Foamed ceramic board was used as... For the prefabricated inorganic compensation component 5, the exemplary material parameters of the foamed ceramic board are: dry density 320kg / m³, compressive strength 2.5MPa, and original board size 600mm×600mm; the standard thickness of the foamed ceramic board includes 5mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, and 20mm, with a thickness tolerance of ±0.8mm; the back of the foamed ceramic board is provided with a cross groove with a width of 10mm and a depth of 3mm, and the center-to-center distance between the grooves in the same direction is 100mm; the exposed surface is mechanically roughened, and the height difference of the concave and convex structure is approximately 1.2mm; the design thickness of the bonding layer 6 between the base layer and the compensation component is: bj = 4mm; the design of each compensation unit 45 is calculated according to Tj = Dj - bj - h0. The compensation thickness results are as follows: Compensation unit 45-Dj-bj-h0-Design thickness Tj: U1-23.2mm-4mm-10mm-9.2mm; U2-28.7mm-4mm-10mm-14.7mm; U3-34.1mm-4mm-10mm-20.1mm; U4-41.4mm-4mm-10mm-27.4mm. U1 uses a 10mm thick single-layer foamed ceramic compensation component, and the representative remaining normal net distance 22 after installation is: 23.2-4-10=9.2mm; U2 uses a 15mm thick single-layer foamed ceramic compensation component, and the representative remaining normal net distance 22 after installation is: 28.7-4-15=9. 7mm; U3 uses a 20mm thick single-layer foamed ceramic compensation component, and the representative remaining normal net distance 22 after installation is: 34.1-4-20=10.1mm; U4 uses two layers of foamed ceramic boards, each 12mm thick, and the interlayer adhesive layer 63 between the two boards is designed to be 3mm thick; the actual compensation thickness tj of the U4 combined compensation component is: tj=12+3+12=27mm; the design thickness bj of the adhesive layer 6 between the U4 combined compensation component and the wall base 11 is 4mm, so the representative remaining normal net distance 22 after installation is: Dj-bj-tj=41.4-4-27=10.4mm; 10.4mm is within the design thickness range of 8mm and 12mm.The 3mm thickness of the interlayer adhesive layer 63 is included in the actual compensation thickness tj of the composite compensation component. The 4mm thickness of the adhesive layer 6 between the composite compensation component and the base layer is calculated separately as bj. The joints of the inner and outer layers of U4 are staggered by no less than 150mm, and the outer layer covers the joint of the inner layer.

[0077] like Figures 1-8 As shown, each board is cut according to the outline of the compensation unit 45. A 5mm filling gap 8 is reserved between the boards and adjacent boards. The junction line 12 of the concrete and masonry base material is located at X=3600mm. When arranging the compensation components, the joint of the nearest compensation component is staggered from the junction line of the material by more than 80mm, and the joint of the compensation component does not coincide with the junction line 12 of the base material. Each compensation unit 45 uses a cement-based thickness-limiting pad 62 with a thickness of 4mm. For a 600mm×600mm compensation component, five thickness-limiting pads 62 are set for each component, respectively set on the inner side of the four corners and the center of the compensation component. The bonding mortar 61 is mixed with water at 20% of the dry powder mass, stirred for 3 minutes, left to stand for 2 minutes, stirred again for 1 minute, and the bonding mortar 61 is continuously applied to the back of the compensation component using a 6mm notched trowel, and the bonding mortar 61 is pressed into the interconnecting groove network formed by the cross grooves. After the compensation component is pressed into all the thickness-limiting pads 62, the five positions of the four corners and the center of the compensation component are checked using a laser ranging device 34. When the normal net distance 22 at any testing location is not within the range of 8mm to 12mm, the posture of the compensator is adjusted before the initial setting of the bonding mortar 61. The design compressive strength of the bonding mortar 61 is 12MPa. After the compressive strength of the specimen under the same conditions reaches 6.8MPa, mechanical anchors 7 are installed. The compressive strength under the same conditions is greater than 50% of the design compressive strength of the bonding mortar 61. For concrete areas, anchors with a diameter of 8mm and an effective anchoring depth of not less than 40mm are used. For masonry areas, masonry-specific anchors with a diameter of 10mm and an effective anchoring depth of not less than 60mm are used. The average amount of anchors used is six per square meter, and each independent compensator has no less than two. The anchor pressure plate 72 is 3mm lower than the exposed surface of the compensator and is filled with inorganic repair mortar. The filling joint 8 between the compensators is processed into a groove that is wider on the outside and narrower on the inside. The width of the joint on the back is about 4mm, and the width of the joint on the exposed surface is about 8mm. It is filled in layers with low-shrinkage inorganic joint filling mortar.

[0078] like Figures 1-8As shown, after the installation of the compensation components and the construction of the protrusion treatment area 42 were completed, the first re-measurement was conducted. The re-measurement results are as follows: Re-measurement status - number of grids - area: Re-measurement net distance less than 8mm - 50 grids - 0.125m²; Re-measurement net distance 8mm~12mm - 7115 grids - 17.7875m²; Re-measurement net distance greater than 12mm - 35 grids - 0.0875m². For the 50 grids with a re-measurement net distance less than 8mm, local grinding was performed, with a grinding depth of 1mm~3mm. For the 35 grids with a re-measurement net distance greater than 12mm, foamed ceramic compensation sheets with a thickness of 2mm~4mm were pasted. After local correction, a second scan was performed. The second re-measurement obtained approximately 740,000 original re-measurement points. After wall boundary trimming, removal of 31 coded target points, removal of non-wall points, and neighborhood statistical filtering, approximately 700,000 valid remeasurement points were obtained. The normal net distance 22 of all valid remeasurement points is within the range of 8.0mm to 12.0mm, with the minimum normal net distance 22 being 8.2mm and the maximum normal net distance 22 being 11.8mm. After projecting the valid remeasurement points onto 7200 50mm×50mm square grids 41, each square grid 41 contains more than three valid remeasurement points. The remeasurement net distance of each square grid 41 is within the range of 8.4mm to 11.6mm, and the median of the grid remeasurement net distance is 9.9mm. Thus, the second remeasurement result simultaneously satisfies the requirements that the normal net distance 22 of each valid remeasurement point is within the design thickness range, and that the remeasurement net distance of each square grid 41 is within the design thickness range.

[0079] like Figures 1-8As shown, the wall surface is coated with cement-based inorganic interface slurry. The average thickness of the interface slurry is approximately 1 mm, and the material consumption is approximately 1.1 kg / m². The interface slurry covers the direct plastering area 43, the protruding treatment area 42, the exposed surface of the compensation component, the filling joint 8, the anchor repair location, and the boundary area around the compensation component. The plastering material is cement-based premixed plastering mortar, with an exemplary 28-day compressive strength of 8.5 MPa and a tensile bond strength with the substrate of 0.6 MPa. The water content of the plastering mortar is 18% of the dry powder mass, and it is mechanically mixed for 4 minutes. During the plastering process, the wet plastering surface is checked using a laser ranging device 34 at a detection interval of 300 mm × 300 mm. Mortar that exceeds the target plastering finish surface 2 is scraped off in time, and areas that do not reach the target plastering finish surface 2 are replenished with material in time. The normal deviation of the wet plastering surface is controlled within -2 mm to +2 mm. After layer 10 hardens, a three-dimensional scan of the finished surface is performed. The maximum absolute normal deviation of the finished surface is 2.8 mm, the average absolute normal deviation is 0.9 mm, and the absolute normal deviation of 95% of the effective measuring points is no greater than 1.9 mm. Based on the grid deviation value of the initial scan, without using the prefabricated inorganic compensation component 5, the theoretical plastering volume of the 18.00 m² wall surface to achieve the target plastering finished surface 2 is approximately 18.00 × 0.0157 = 0.2826 m³. After using the present invention for local compensation, based on an average plastering thickness of 9.9 mm, the theoretical plastering volume is approximately 18.00 × 0.0099 = 0.1782 m³. Thus, the theoretical volume of plastering mortar on the example wall surface is reduced by approximately 0.1044 m³, a reduction of approximately 36.9%. The above reduction in plastering mortar is an exemplary theoretical value calculated based on point cloud data. The amount of mortar used in actual projects is also affected by factors such as construction losses, wall corners, door and window openings, and mortar shrinkage.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for local compensation plastering construction based on a three-dimensional deviation map of the wall surface, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Establish construction benchmarks, establish target plastering finished surface (2) according to the design position of the wall surface (1) to be constructed, determine the design thickness range of plaster layer (10) as h1 and h2, where 0 < h1 ≤ h2, and set at least three non-collinear spatial benchmark marks (3) on the stable structure around the wall surface (1) to be constructed. S2: Obtain three-dimensional wall data: Use a three-dimensional scanning device (33) to scan the base surface of the wall to be constructed (1) to obtain three-dimensional point cloud data of the base surface. According to the spatial reference mark (3), the three-dimensional point cloud data is registered to the coordinate system of the target plastering finished surface (2). Calculate the normal net distance (22)di of each base measuring point (13) along the normal direction (21) of the target plastering finished surface (2) to the target plastering finished surface (2). Generate a three-dimensional deviation map (4) of the wall based on the position of each base measuring point (13) and the corresponding normal net distance (22)di. S3: Divide the wall surface treatment area: According to the wall surface three-dimensional deviation diagram (4), the continuous area where the base layer measuring point (13) with normal net distance (22)di < h1 is located is determined as the protruding treatment area (42), the continuous area where the base layer measuring point (13) with normal net distance (22)h1≤di≤h2 is located is determined as the direct plastering area (43), and the continuous area where the base layer measuring point (13) with normal net distance (22)di > h2 is determined as the depression compensation area (44). S4: Implement local compensation: Remove the surface material of the protruding treatment area (42) so that the normal net distance (22) from each measuring point in the treated protruding treatment area (42) to the target plastering finished surface (2) is within the design thickness range; According to the regional outline and normal net distance (22) of the recessed compensation area (44), divide the recessed compensation area (44) into at least one compensation unit (45), determine the thickness of the prefabricated inorganic compensation part (5) according to the normal net distance (22) and the thickness of the adhesive layer (6) corresponding to each compensation unit (45), and fix the prefabricated inorganic compensation part (5) to the corresponding compensation unit (45) so that the normal net distance (22) from the exposed surface of the prefabricated inorganic compensation part (5) to the target plastering finished surface (2) is within the design thickness range; S5: Perform compensation retest: Perform a three-dimensional scan on the wall surface processed in step S4, and register the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained from the retest to the coordinate system of the target plastering finished surface (2) according to the spatial reference mark (3), calculate the normal net distance (22) from the retest point to the target plastering finished surface (2); remove the surface material in the area corresponding to the retest point with a normal net distance (22) less than h1, and add compensation components in the area corresponding to the retest point with a normal net distance (22) greater than h2, until the normal net distance (22) from the corrected retest point to the target plastering finished surface (2) is within the design thickness range; S6: Perform plastering: Apply plastering material to the wall surface that has passed the retest in step S5, and level the plastering material to the target plastering finish surface (2).

2. The local compensation plastering construction method based on a three-dimensional wall deviation diagram according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the spatial reference mark (3) is a coded target (31) fixedly set on the accepted structure around the wall surface (1) to be constructed. The coded target (31) remains in the same position during the construction process from step S2 to step S5. The three-dimensional coordinates of the target center of each coded target (31) in the construction coordinate system (23) are determined by a total station (32), and the plane equation of the target plastering surface (2) in the construction coordinate system (23) is determined according to the building axis, floor elevation line and the design position of the wall surface (1) to be constructed. In steps S2 and S5, the target center of each coded target (31) is identified from the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained by scanning, and the corresponding three-dimensional point cloud data is subjected to rigid body transformation according to the three-dimensional coordinates of each target center in the construction coordinate system (23) to register the corresponding three-dimensional point cloud data to the construction coordinate system (23).

3. The local compensation plastering construction method based on a three-dimensional wall deviation diagram according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, neighborhood statistical filtering is performed on the three-dimensional point cloud data registered to the construction coordinate system (23) to remove outliers in the three-dimensional point cloud data; the wall projection area corresponding to the target plastering finished surface (2) is divided into square grids (41) with side lengths of 20mm to 100mm, and the filtered base layer measuring points (13) are projected onto the corresponding square grids (41) along the normal direction (21) of the target plastering finished surface (2), and the median of the normal net distance (22)di of each base layer measuring point (13) falling into each square grid (41) is determined as the grid deviation value of the corresponding square grid (41); each square grid (41) is classified according to the comparison results of the grid deviation value and the design thickness intervals h1 and h2, and the square grids (41) with the same category and adjacent boundaries are merged to form a protrusion treatment area (42), a direct plastering area (43), and a depression compensation area (44).

4. The local compensation plastering construction method based on the three-dimensional deviation map of the wall surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S4, the grid deviation values ​​of each square grid (41) in the concave compensation area (44) are divided into multiple thickness levels according to the preset thickness difference. Square grids (41) belonging to the same thickness level and adjacent to each other are merged into a compensation unit (45). The median of the grid deviation values ​​of each square grid (41) in each compensation unit (45) is used as the representative normal net distance (22) Dj of the compensation unit (45), and the design thickness Tj of the corresponding prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5) is determined according to the following formula: Tj=Dj-bj-h0.

5. The local compensation plastering construction method based on a three-dimensional wall deviation diagram according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S4, prefabricated inorganic slabs with different standard thicknesses are cut according to the projection contour of each compensation unit (45) on the target plastering completed surface (2) to form a prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5) that matches the projection contour of the corresponding compensation unit (45). When the design thickness Tj is greater than the maximum standard thickness of a single layer of prefabricated inorganic board, at least two layers of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5) are stacked together to form a combined compensation component, and the total compensation thickness of the combined compensation component is determined according to the thickness of each layer of prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5) and the thickness of the interlayer bonding layer (63) between two adjacent layers of prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5). The joints of the two adjacent prefabricated inorganic compensation components (5) are staggered, and the outer prefabricated inorganic compensation component (55) covers the joint of the inner prefabricated inorganic compensation component (54).

6. The local compensation plastering construction method based on a three-dimensional wall deviation diagram according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4, before installing the prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5), the base surface in the corresponding compensation unit (45) is cleaned and roughened, and at least three non-collinear thickness limiting blocks (62) are set on the base surface. The thickness of each thickness limiting block (62) is equal to the design thickness bj of the adhesive layer (6) of the corresponding compensation unit (45). After applying adhesive mortar (61) to the back of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5), press the prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5) into the corresponding compensation unit (45) until the back of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5) abuts against each thickness limiting pad (62). After the bonding mortar (61) has hardened, mechanical anchors (7) that pass through the prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5) and are anchored into the base surface are used for auxiliary fixation. The end of the mechanical anchor (7) is lower than the exposed surface of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5) and the position of the end of the mechanical anchor (7) is filled with inorganic repair material (73).

7. The local compensation plastering construction method based on a three-dimensional wall deviation diagram according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S4, when arranging the prefabricated inorganic compensation components (5), the joints between adjacent prefabricated inorganic compensation components (5) are staggered from the junction line (12) of the base material of the wall surface (1) to be constructed, and the minimum distance from the joint to the junction line (12) of the base material is ≥50mm; a filling gap (8) with a width of 3mm to 10mm is reserved between adjacent prefabricated inorganic compensation components (5), and the edge of the adjacent prefabricated inorganic compensation components (5) facing the filling gap (8) is processed into a slope (81) that gradually expands from its back to the exposed surface, so that the filling gap (8) forms a groove that widens towards the exposed surface; the filling gap (8) is filled and compacted with inorganic grouting material (82), and the outer surface of the inorganic grouting material (82) is flush with the exposed surface of the adjacent prefabricated inorganic compensation components (5).

8. The local compensation plastering construction method based on a three-dimensional wall deviation diagram according to claim 7, characterized in that: The prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5) is made of foamed ceramic board, foam glass board, autoclaved aerated concrete board or lightweight inorganic mortar prefabricated board; the prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5) has a first groove (51) and a second groove (52) that intersect each other on the side facing the base surface, the first groove (51) and the second groove (52) together form a connecting groove network for the bonding mortar (61) to enter; the exposed surface of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5) is roughened to form a rough surface (53) for bonding with plastering material.

9. The local compensation plastering construction method based on a three-dimensional wall deviation diagram according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S5, the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained by retesting is projected along the normal direction (21) of the target plastering completed surface (2) to the same square grid (41) as in step S2, and the median of the normal net distance (22) of the retesting points falling in each square grid (41) is determined as the retest net distance of the corresponding square grid (41). When the remeasured net distance is less than h1, the exposed surface of the base surface or the prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5) in the area where the corresponding square grid (41) is located is removed to increase the normal net distance (22) from the area to the target plastering finished surface (2); When the remeasured net distance is greater than h2, an inorganic compensation piece (56) is added in the area where the corresponding square grid (41) is located to reduce the normal net distance (22) from the area to the target plastering finished surface (2); after the removal process or the addition of the inorganic compensation piece (56) is completed, a three-dimensional scan is performed again until the remeasured net distance of each square grid (41) participating in the evaluation is located within the design thickness range h1 and h2.

10. The local compensation plastering construction method based on a three-dimensional wall deviation diagram according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S6, the wall surface that has passed the retest is cleaned, and inorganic interface slurry is continuously applied to the exposed surface of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5), the direct plastering area (43), the filling joint (8), and the junction of the prefabricated inorganic compensation component (5) and the base surface to form an interface layer (9) covering the wall surface that has passed the retest. After the interface layer (9) is dry, plastering material is applied to the interface layer (9) and leveling is performed. During the construction process, a laser ranging device (34) is used to obtain the distance from the surface of the plastering material to the target plastering finished surface (2). Based on the obtained distance, the area higher than the target plastering finished surface (2) is scraped off and the area lower than the target plastering finished surface (2) is replenished with material. After the plastering material hardens, the plastering surface is scanned in three dimensions, and the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained by scanning is registered to the construction coordinate system (23) according to the spatial reference mark (3). The normal distance from each measuring point on the plastering surface to the target plastering finished surface (2) is used as the flatness detection value of the plastering finished surface.

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