A walking type mobile automatic opening and closing side wall formwork for side wall construction

Abstract

The application provides a walking type mobile automatic opening and closing side wall formwork for side wall construction and relates to the technical field of concrete building material pouring equipment. The side wall formwork is connected with a form supporting frame assembly on one side, and a mobile opening and closing mechanism is connected to the bottom of the form supporting frame assembly. The mobile opening and closing mechanism comprises a formwork opening and closing assembly and a bearing beam, and the bearing beam is provided with a lifting assembly and a moving assembly. The application can replace bulk small steel forms, needs less scaffolding and less manual assembly, can pour station side wall concrete in one time, and can ensure smooth wall surface and accurate size, meet the waterproof and appearance acceptance of the subway structure, and can realize continuous multiple warehouse turnover of one set of formwork, save materials and reduce material consumption compared with bulk formwork. The walking mechanism is provided, the formwork can be directly moved to the next warehouse section after pouring and demolding, repeated disassembly, hoisting and bulk formwork are not needed, the process is greatly shortened, and the problems of needing to pre-bury anchor bolts and pre-bury tracks and the interference construction of columns in the existing concrete pouring and forming subway station side wall are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete building material pouring equipment technology, and more specifically, to a walking-type mobile automatic opening and closing side wall formwork for side wall construction. Background Technology

[0002] Concrete, or simply "concrete," refers to an artificial stone material made by mixing cement as the main binder with water, sand, and gravel, and, when necessary, chemical admixtures and mineral admixtures, in appropriate proportions, and then uniformly mixing, compacting, and curing it. It is mainly divided into two stages and states: the plastic state before setting and hardening, i.e., fresh concrete or concrete mixture; and the hard state after hardening, i.e., hardened concrete or concrete, which is used in conjunction with steel reinforcement and is widely used in wall construction in civil engineering.

[0003] Currently, large-scale urban rail transit construction in China typically involves the use of reinforced concrete for the construction of side walls. Subway stations are mostly rectangular double- or triple-story cast-in-place reinforced concrete frame structures. The side walls are closely attached to the underground continuous walls, making it impossible to use through-wall tie rods. Therefore, single-sided formwork is required. Furthermore, subway side walls have high waterproofing requirements, and defects such as tie rod holes, honeycomb pitting, and misalignment leading to leakage are not permitted. Early side wall construction mainly relied on full-span scaffolding and loosely assembled wooden formwork and small-piece combined steel formwork. However, with the compression of rail transit construction periods, rising labor costs, green construction, and policies promoting prefabricated formwork, the drawbacks of traditional methods have become apparent, spurring the iterative upgrade of standardized, hydraulically movable side wall formwork products.

[0004] Traditional fixed single-sided triangular truss steel formwork uses pre-embedded anchor bolts to fix the triangular support truss, and large steel formwork is hoisted into place; after each concrete pouring is completed, the pre-embedded anchor bars need to be cut, the truss needs to be dismantled, and the formwork needs to be hoisted away, which wastes steel and involves a large amount of dismantling and modification work; it relies on tower cranes for frequent hoisting, which occupies large equipment shifts, and hoisting is limited in narrow foundation pit working faces; after the roof of the excavated and covered station is capped, there is no hoisting space and it cannot be used.

[0005] Traditional Solution 1: Pre-embedded Anchored Triangular Truss Single-Side Large Steel Formwork: Composed of shaped steel panels, primary and secondary back braces, triangular load-bearing trusses, and a ground-embedded anchoring system; relying on pre-embedded anchor bolts in the floor slab and connecting rods to lock the truss against the lateral pressure of the poured concrete; lacking its own walking mechanism, the formwork is lifted and moved in sections by tower crane. Advantages include high rigidity, superior forming quality compared to wooden formwork, elimination of through-wall tie bolts, and protection of the outer waterproof layer of the side walls; disadvantages include the lack of an integrated walking chassis, track walking mechanism, and overall lateral movement hydraulic components; complete reliance on tower crane lifting; inaccessible in cut-and-cover or narrow foundation pits without lifting conditions; a large number of anchor bolts must be pre-embedded in each section, resulting in steel waste and potential damage to the structural floor slab when anchor bars are removed later; separate assembly and disassembly of the truss and formwork, cumbersome procedures, and high labor requirements; inability to slide longitudinally as a whole, resulting in low turnover efficiency for a single set of formwork.

[0006] Traditional Solution 2: Track-Mounted Self-Propelled Triangular Truss Side Wall Trolley: This solution adds a bottom traveling main beam, rails, electric traveling wheels, and a simple transverse hydraulic cylinder to the single-side formwork of the triangular truss. The truss and steel formwork are placed on the traveling frame as a whole, moving longitudinally along the pre-embedded steel rails, relying on pre-embedded anchoring for buoyancy and lateral pressure resistance. The advantages are that it achieves longitudinal self-propelled movement, eliminating the need for frequent tower crane hoisting, significantly improving construction efficiency, and is currently a mainstream mature product for subways. The disadvantages are that pre-embedded anchor bolts in the floor slab are still required to resist the lateral pressure of the poured concrete, making the pre-embedding process unavoidable; the traveling rails need to be pre-embedded and fixed on-site, requiring labor and materials for track laying; the transverse formwork adjustment stroke is small, making it unsuitable for stations with variable cross-sections and floor heights; the hydraulic system is externally located, resulting in messy pipelines that are easily damaged by impacts, and a low degree of integration. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve the problems of existing concrete-cast subway station side walls, such as the need for pre-embedded anchor bolts and tracks, interference with column construction, and low turnover efficiency of single sets of formwork.

[0008] To address the above problems, the present invention provides a walking-type mobile automatic opening and closing side wall formwork for side wall construction, comprising a side wall formwork, a formwork support assembly connected to one side of the side wall formwork, and a mobile opening and closing mechanism connected to the bottom of the formwork support assembly. The movable opening and closing mechanism includes a template opening and closing component and a supporting beam. A lifting component and a moving component are installed on the supporting beam. The template opening and closing component is connected to the lifting component. When the lifting assembly operates to separate the moving assembly from the ground, the template opening and closing assembly is used to open and close the side wall template laterally; When the lifting assembly operates to bring the moving assembly to the ground and the template opening and closing assembly separates from the ground, the moving assembly is used to move the side wall template longitudinally.

[0009] The present invention provides a walking-type mobile automatic opening and closing side wall formwork for side wall construction, which, compared with the prior art, has, but is not limited to, the following beneficial effects: The operation process of this walking-type automatic opening and closing side wall formwork used for side wall construction is as follows: Step 1: Mold Closing and Positioning In use, the lifting assembly separates the moving assembly from the ground, at which point the formwork opening and closing assembly lands on the ground, directly supporting the lifting assembly and indirectly supporting the side wall formwork, the formwork support assembly, the load-bearing beam, and the moving assembly. The lifting assembly continues to work, fine-tuning the vertical position of the side wall formwork. Then, the formwork opening and closing assembly drives the side wall formwork, the formwork support assembly, the load-bearing beam, the lifting assembly, and the moving assembly to move laterally towards the retaining wall, so that the side wall formwork is close to the reinforcing steel. After the side wall concrete is poured at the reinforcing steel, the formwork support assembly tightens and limits the side wall formwork, achieving unilateral self-balancing to resist the lateral pressure of the poured concrete. Step 2: Demolding After the concrete has been formed and cured, the side wall formwork, the formwork support assembly, the load-bearing beam and the lifting assembly are moved laterally away from the retaining wall by the formwork opening and closing assembly in the opposite direction to the work in process one, so that the side wall formwork is completely separated from the reinforced concrete wall. After the entire equipment is in a free-moving state, it is ready to move on foot. Step 3: Longitudinal Shift By using the lifting assembly to perform work in the opposite direction to that in process one, the moving assembly is lowered to the ground and continues to work to separate the formwork opening and closing assembly from the ground. At this time, the moving assembly directly supports the load-bearing beam and indirectly supports the side wall formwork, the formwork support assembly, the lifting assembly, and the formwork opening and closing assembly. The moving assembly directly moves the load-bearing beam longitudinally and further moves the side wall formwork, the formwork support assembly, the lifting assembly, and the formwork opening and closing assembly longitudinally, so that the entire formwork moves one step longitudinally. The lifting component performs work in the same direction as in process one, causing the moving component to separate from the ground and the template opening and closing component to fall to the ground. The moving component then performs work in the opposite direction to reset the component and return it to the starting position, completing one step movement. Step 4: Walking Movement Repeat the three-step process to move the entire formwork longitudinally in a step-by-step manner until the entire formwork reaches the position for the next concrete pouring section. Step 5: Pouring the next batch of concrete The process begins with mold assembly, and then proceeds to the next cycle of concrete pouring, enabling continuous multi-compartment, flow-type concrete pouring construction using a single set of formwork. In summary, this walking-type mobile automatic opening and closing side wall formwork for side wall construction can replace loose small steel formwork, reduce scaffolding and manual assembly, and allow for one-time integral pouring of station side wall concrete. The wall surface is smooth and the dimensions are accurate, meeting the requirements for waterproofing and appearance acceptance of subway structures. Moreover, one set of formwork can be used continuously for multiple sections, saving materials and reducing material consumption compared to loose formwork. With its own walking mechanism, it can move directly to the next section after pouring and dismantling the formwork, eliminating the need for repeated dismantling and hoisting of loose formwork, greatly shortening the process and solving the problems of existing technologies, such as the need for pre-embedded anchor bolts and tracks, interference with construction by columns, and low turnover efficiency of single sets of formwork.

[0010] Furthermore, the template opening and closing assembly includes a first telescopic structure and two transverse bases. The two transverse bases are connected by a lower connector. A transverse slider is slidably connected to the top of each of the two transverse bases. The transverse slider is connected to a corresponding lifting assembly. The two transverse sliders are connected by an upper connector. One end of the first telescopic structure is connected to a transverse base, and the other end is connected to a transverse slider on another transverse base.

[0011] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a second telescopic structure, a lower sleeve box, and an upper sleeve box connected to the load-bearing beam. The bottom end of the lower sleeve box is connected to a corresponding transverse slider, and the top end of the lower sleeve box extends movably into the upper sleeve box. One end of the second telescopic structure is connected to the inner top of the upper sleeve box, and the other end is connected to the lower sleeve box.

[0012] Furthermore, the movable component includes a support member and a third telescopic structure. Both ends of the support member are connected to legs that are slidably connected to the load-bearing beam. One end of the third telescopic structure is connected to the load-bearing beam, and the other end is connected to the legs.

[0013] Furthermore, the formwork support assembly includes several formwork supports connected to the load-bearing beam, and the several formwork supports are connected to each other by connecting columns and connecting rods.

[0014] Furthermore, the side wall formwork is composed of several small formwork panels, and the formwork support frame is composed of several trusses connected sequentially from top to bottom. The trusses are connected to the corresponding small formwork panels through a connecting structure, which is used for the installation and disassembly of the trusses and the corresponding small formwork panels.

[0015] Furthermore, a working platform with guardrails is installed on the top of the formwork support assembly, and a ladder for use with the working platform is installed on the side of the formwork support assembly away from the side wall template.

[0016] Furthermore, an adjustable height support screw is provided on the side of the bottom of the formwork support frame away from the template opening and closing assembly.

[0017] Furthermore, the connection structure includes a connecting screw, a pad that fits into the connecting screw, and a fastening nut that is threaded into the connecting screw. One end of the connecting screw is fixedly connected to a corresponding small template, and the other end of the connecting screw is inserted into a channel steel on the truss.

[0018] Furthermore, the work platform is provided with anti-slip texture. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a walking-type moving automatic opening and closing sidewall formwork for sidewall construction according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 Embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 Rear view; Figure 3 Embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 The left view; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the formwork support frame and the connecting column and connecting rod according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the movable opening and closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 Embodiments of the present invention Figure 5 Left eye Figure 1 ; Figure 7 Embodiments of the present invention Figure 5 Left eye Figure 2 ; Figure 8 Embodiments of the present invention Figure 5 Front view; Figure 9 This is a comparison diagram of the position of the load-bearing beam before and after movement according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 Embodiments of the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of position A in the image; Figure 11 Embodiments of the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of position B in the image; Figure 12 This is an exploded view of the formwork support frame according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a walking-type moving automatic opening and closing sidewall formwork for sidewall construction according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a walking-type moving automatic opening and closing sidewall formwork for sidewall construction according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Side wall formwork; 101. Small formwork; 2. Formwork support assembly; 201. Formwork support; 202. Connecting column; 203. Connecting rod; 204. Connecting structure; 2041. Connecting screw; 2042. Pad; 2043. Fastening nut; 3. Moving opening and closing mechanism; 301. Formwork opening and closing assembly; 3011. First telescopic structure; 3012. Horizontal base; 3013. Lower connector; 3014. Horizontal slider; 3015. Upper connector; 302. Bearing beam; 303. Lifting assembly; 3031. The first... Two telescopic structures; 3032, upper sleeve; 3033, lower sleeve; 304, moving component; 3041, support component; 3042, third telescopic structure; 3043, outrigger; 4, working platform; 5, ladder; 6, support screw; 7, top truss; 8, three-layer single truss; 9, two-layer single truss; 10, one-layer single truss; 11, first panel; 12, second panel; 13, third panel; 14, fourth panel; a, first transverse base; b, second transverse base; c, first outrigger; d, second outrigger. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, specific embodiments of this application are described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in this application without creative effort will fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application; the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," "comprise," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are open-ended terms, indicating that a method comprises one or more steps, or an apparatus comprises one or more elements, but do not exclude the inclusion of other steps or elements. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or primary / secondary relationship. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0024] Furthermore, in the attached diagram, the X-axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the front-to-back position, and the positive direction of the X-axis (that is, the direction the arrow points to) represents the front, and the negative direction of the X-axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the X-axis) represents the back; in the attached diagram, the Y-axis represents the horizontal direction, that is, the left-to-right position, and the positive direction of the Y-axis (that is, the direction the arrow points to) represents the left, and the negative direction of the Y-axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the Y-axis) represents the right; in the attached diagram, the Z-axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the up-to-down position, and the positive direction of the Z-axis (that is, the direction the arrow points to) represents the up, and the negative direction of the Z-axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the Z-axis) represents the down.

[0025] It should also be noted that the aforementioned X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0028] See Figures 1-3 and Figure 14 The present invention provides a walking-type mobile automatic opening and closing side wall formwork for side wall construction, including a side wall formwork 1, a formwork support assembly 2 connected to one side of the side wall formwork 1, and a mobile opening and closing mechanism 3 connected to the bottom of the formwork support assembly 2. The movable opening and closing mechanism 3 includes a template opening and closing component 301 and a supporting beam 302. A lifting component 303 and a moving component 304 are installed on the supporting beam 302. The template opening and closing component 301 is connected to the lifting component 303. When the lifting assembly 303 operates to separate the moving assembly 304 from the ground, the template opening and closing assembly 301 is used to open and close the side wall template 1 laterally. When the lifting component 303 operates to bring the moving component 304 to the ground and the template opening and closing component 301 separates from the ground, the moving component 304 is used to move the side wall template 1 longitudinally.

[0029] In this embodiment, the operation process of the walking-type automatic opening and closing side wall formwork used for side wall construction is as follows: Step 1: Mold Closing and Positioning In use, the lifting component 303 works to separate the moving component 304 from the ground (i.e., away from the ground). At this time, the template opening and closing component 301 falls on the ground, directly supporting the lifting component 303 and indirectly supporting the side wall template 1, the formwork support component 2, the load-bearing beam 302, and the moving component 304. The lifting component 303 continues to work to finely adjust the vertical position of the side wall template 1. Then, the template opening and closing component 301 drives the side wall template 1, the formwork support component 2, the load-bearing beam 302, the lifting component 303, and the moving component 304 to move laterally (i.e., forward) towards the retaining wall, so that the side wall template 1 is close to the reinforcing steel. After the side wall concrete is poured at the reinforcing steel, the formwork support component 2 tightens and limits the side wall template 1 to achieve unilateral self-balancing and resist the lateral pressure of the poured concrete. Step 2: Demolding After the concrete has been formed and cured, the side wall formwork 1, the formwork support assembly 2, the load-bearing beam 302 and the lifting assembly 303 are driven to move laterally (i.e. backward) away from the enclosure wall by the formwork opening and closing assembly 301 in the opposite direction to the operation in process one. This makes the side wall formwork 1 completely detach from the reinforced concrete wall. After the entire equipment is in a free-moving state, it is ready to move on foot. Step 3: Vertical shift (i.e., move to the right) The lifting assembly 303 operates in the opposite direction to that in process one, causing the moving assembly 304 to land on the ground. It continues to work, separating the template opening / closing assembly 301 from the ground (i.e., moving it away from the ground). At this point, the moving assembly 304 directly supports the load-bearing beam 302, and indirectly supports the side wall template 1, the formwork support assembly 2, the lifting assembly 303, and the template opening / closing assembly 301. The moving assembly 304 directly moves the load-bearing beam 302 longitudinally (i.e., to the right), further moving the side wall template 1, the formwork support assembly 2, the lifting assembly 303, and the template opening / closing assembly 301 longitudinally (i.e., to the right), causing the entire template to move one step longitudinally (to the right) (e.g., a distance of s). Figure 9 (as shown) The lifting component 303 performs work in the same direction as in process one, causing the moving component 304 to separate from the ground (i.e. move away from the ground), and the template opening and closing component 301 to fall to the ground. The moving component 304 then performs work in the opposite direction to reset and return to the starting position, completing one step action. Step 4: Walking Movement Repeat the three-step process to move the entire formwork longitudinally (i.e., move it to the right) until the entire formwork reaches the position for the next concrete pouring section. Step 5: Pouring the next batch of concrete The process begins with mold assembly, and then proceeds to the next cycle of concrete pouring, enabling continuous multi-compartment, flow-type concrete pouring construction using a single set of formwork. In summary, this walking-type mobile automatic opening and closing side wall formwork for side wall construction can replace loose small steel formwork, reduce scaffolding and manual assembly, and allow for one-time integral pouring of station side wall concrete. The wall surface is smooth and the dimensions are accurate, meeting the requirements for waterproofing and appearance acceptance of subway structures. Moreover, one set of formwork can be used continuously for multiple sections, saving materials and reducing material consumption compared to loose formwork. With its own walking mechanism, it can move directly to the next section after pouring and dismantling the formwork, eliminating the need for repeated dismantling and hoisting of loose formwork, greatly shortening the process. It solves the problems of existing technologies, such as the need for pre-embedded anchor bolts and tracks, interference with column construction, low turnover efficiency of single set of formwork, and poor adaptability to variable cross sections.

[0030] Specifically, there are two template opening and closing components 301 and two load-bearing beams 302, and four lifting components 303. The two template opening and closing components 301 are distributed at the left and right ends of the load-bearing beams 302, and the moving component 304 is located between the two template opening and closing components 301.

[0031] See Figure 5 and Figure 6Optionally, the template opening and closing assembly 301 includes a first telescopic structure 3011 and two transverse bases 3012. The two transverse bases 3012 are connected to each other by a lower connector 3013. A transverse slider 3014 is slidably connected to the top of each of the two transverse bases 3012. The transverse slider 3014 is connected to the corresponding lifting assembly 303. The two transverse sliders 3014 are connected by an upper connector 3015. One end of the first telescopic structure 3011 is connected to a transverse base 3012, and the other end is connected to a transverse slider 3014 on another transverse base 3012.

[0032] In this embodiment, when the template opening and closing assembly 301 is working, the two transverse bases 3012 directly support the corresponding transverse sliders 3014 by resting on the ground, thereby indirectly supporting the lifting assembly 303, the bearing beam 302, the moving assembly 304, the formwork support assembly 2, and the side wall template 1. The two transverse bases 3012 are connected by a lower connector 3013, which facilitates the formation of a whole for stable support when they rest on the ground. After connecting one end of the first telescopic structure 3011 to one transverse base 3012, it is convenient to use as a The first telescopic structure 3011 serves as the reaction fulcrum, thereby enabling the telescopic operation of the first telescopic structure 3011. By connecting the other end of the first telescopic structure 3011 to a transverse sliding block 3014 on another transverse base 3012, and connecting the two transverse sliding blocks 3014 together via an upper connector 3015, when the first telescopic structure 3011 is telescopic, it is easy to drive the two transverse sliding blocks 3014 to slide synchronously on the corresponding transverse base 3012, ultimately realizing the transverse movement of the side wall formwork 1 away from and close to the wall / reinforcing steel.

[0033] Specifically, see Figure 7 One end (i.e. the tail end) of the first telescopic structure 3011 is connected to the first transverse base a, with the first transverse base a serving as the reaction fulcrum of the first telescopic structure 3011, and the other end (i.e. the telescopic end) is connected to the transverse slider 3014 on the second transverse base b. In process one, the first telescopic structure 3011 retracts, causing the two transverse sliders 3014 to slide synchronously on the corresponding transverse base 3012 toward the retaining wall, further driving the lifting assembly 303, the bearing beam 302, the moving assembly 304, the formwork support assembly 2 and the side wall formwork 1 to move laterally toward the retaining wall (i.e., move forward), so that the side wall formwork 1 is close to the reinforcing steel. In the second process, the first telescopic structure 3011 extends, causing the two transverse sliders 3014 to slide synchronously on the corresponding transverse base 3012 away from the enclosure wall. This further drives the lifting assembly 303, the bearing beam 302, the moving assembly 304, the formwork support assembly 2, and the side wall formwork 1 to move laterally away from the enclosure wall (i.e., move backward, such as moving backward 300-600mm), so that the side wall formwork 1 is completely separated from the concrete wall surface, avoiding scratching the waterproof layer and the formed wall.

[0034] See Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 10 Optionally, the lifting assembly 303 includes a second telescopic structure 3031, a lower sleeve 3033, and an upper sleeve 3032 connected to the bearing beam 302. The bottom end of the lower sleeve 3033 is connected to the corresponding transverse slider 3014, and the top end of the lower sleeve 3033 extends movably into the upper sleeve 3032. One end of the second telescopic structure 3031 is connected to the inner top of the upper sleeve 3032, and the other end is connected to the lower sleeve 3033.

[0035] In this embodiment, one end (i.e., the tail end) of the second telescopic structure 3031 is connected to the inner top of the upper sleeve 3032, so that the upper sleeve 3032 can be used as the reaction fulcrum of the second telescopic structure 3031. The other end of the second telescopic structure 3031 is connected to the lower sleeve 3033, and the top of the lower sleeve 3033 can be moved into the upper sleeve 3032. When the second telescopic structure 3031 performs vertical telescopic operation, it is convenient to drive the lower sleeve 3033 to telescopic in the upper sleeve 3032, thereby increasing and decreasing the distance between the bearing beam 302 and the ground.

[0036] Specifically, in process one, when the template opening and closing component 301 is placed on the ground, it extends vertically through the second telescopic structure 3031, causing the lower sleeve 3033 to extend in the upper sleeve 3032, increasing the distance between the bearing beam 302 and the ground, thereby causing the moving component 304 to separate from the ground (i.e. move away from the ground). Vertical expansion and contraction are performed through the second telescopic structure 3031 to fine-tune the position of the side wall formwork 1 in the vertical direction; In process three, the second telescopic structure 3031 performs vertical retraction, which drives the lower sleeve 3033 to retract into the upper sleeve 3032, reducing the distance between the load-bearing beam 302 and the ground until the moving component 304 lands on the ground. The vertical retraction continues to separate the two transverse bases 3012 from the ground (i.e., away from the ground). At this time, the moving component 304 directly supports the load-bearing beam 302. After the machine moves one step longitudinally (to the right), it extends vertically through the second telescopic structure 3031, causing the lower sleeve 3033 to extend within the upper sleeve 3032 until the two horizontal moving bases 3012 land on the ground. The vertical extension continues, with the horizontal moving bases 3012 supporting the machine on the ground and separating the moving component 304 from the ground (i.e., away from the ground), facilitating the subsequent reset of the moving component 304.

[0037] Specifically, the upper sleeve 3032 is fixedly connected to the load-bearing beam 302, and the bottom end of the lower sleeve 3033 is detachably connected to the corresponding transverse slider 3014 by fasteners (such as bolts and nuts), which facilitates installation, fixing and disassembly.

[0038] See Figure 5 and Figure 8 Optionally, the movable component 304 includes a support member 3041 and a third telescopic structure 3042. Both ends of the support member 3041 are connected to legs 3043 that are slidably connected to the load-bearing beam 302. One end of the third telescopic structure 3042 is connected to the load-bearing beam 302, and the other end is connected to the legs 3043.

[0039] In this embodiment, one end (i.e., the tail end) of the third telescopic structure 3042 is connected to the bearing beam 302, so that the bearing beam 302 can be used as the reaction fulcrum of the third telescopic structure 3042. One end (i.e., the telescopic end) of the third telescopic structure 3042 is connected to a support leg 3043. Under the condition that the support leg 3043 and the bearing beam 302 are slidably connected, when the third telescopic structure 3042 is telescopic, it is convenient to move the whole machine template longitudinally (to the right) and to perform the reset work.

[0040] Specifically, see Figure 9 There are two third telescopic structures 3042. One end (i.e., the tail end) of each third telescopic structure 3042 is movably connected to the corresponding load-bearing beam 302. The two legs 3043 connected to the left end of the support member 3041 are the first legs c, and the first legs c are slidably connected to the corresponding load-bearing beam 302. The two legs 3043 connected to the right end of the support member 3041 are the second legs d, and the second legs d are slidably connected to the corresponding load-bearing beam 302. The other end (i.e., the telescopic end) of each third telescopic structure 3042 is movably connected to the corresponding second legs d. In process three, the support leg 3043 directly supports the load-bearing beam 302 by resting on the ground, thereby indirectly supporting the formwork support assembly 2, lifting assembly 303, template opening and closing assembly 301, and side wall template 1. At this time, the second support leg d serves as the retraction fulcrum of the third telescopic structure 3042. The retraction of the third telescopic structure 3042 directly moves the load-bearing beam 302 longitudinally (i.e., to the right), further moving the formwork support assembly 2, lifting assembly 303, template opening and closing assembly 301, and side wall template 1 longitudinally (i.e., to the right), causing the entire formwork to move one step longitudinally (to the right). Figure 9 (as shown) When the moving component 304 is resetting, the entire machine is supported on the ground by the transverse base 3012, and the moving component 304 is separated from the ground (i.e., away from the ground). At this time, with the bearing beam 302 as the extension fulcrum of the third telescopic structure 3042, and with the first leg c and the second leg d connected by the support member 3041, the extension of the third telescopic structure 3042 directly drives the first leg c and the second leg d to slide synchronously to the right on the bearing beam 302 to reset and return to the starting position.

[0041] It should be noted that the first telescopic structure 3011, the second telescopic structure 3031 and the third telescopic structure 3042 are all preferably hydraulic cylinders, which can provide sufficiently strong power.

[0042] See Figures 2-4 Optionally, the formwork support assembly 2 includes a plurality of formwork supports 201 connected to the load-bearing beam 302, and the plurality of formwork supports 201 are connected to each other by connecting columns 202 and connecting rods 203.

[0043] In this embodiment, several formwork supports 201 are installed on the bearing beam 302 and supported by the bearing beam 302. After the side wall concrete is poured, the formwork supports 201 are used to tighten and limit the side wall formwork 1, achieving unilateral self-balancing to resist the lateral pressure of the concrete. The formwork supports 201 are connected into a whole by connecting columns 202 and connecting rods 203, which improves the stability when the formwork supports 201 are used together.

[0044] Specifically, the connecting column 202 is detachably connected to one end of the bottom of several formwork supports 201 that is close to the side wall template 1 by fasteners (such as bolts and nuts); the connecting rod 203 is detachably connected to the upper end of the side of several formwork supports 201 away from the side wall template 1, which can facilitate installation, fixing and disassembly while ensuring that several formwork supports 201 can be used stably together.

[0045] See Figure 3Optionally, the side wall formwork 1 is composed of several small formworks 101 spliced ​​together, and the formwork support 201 is composed of several trusses connected sequentially from top to bottom. The trusses are connected to the corresponding small formworks 101 through the connecting structure 204, which is used for the installation and disassembly of the trusses and the corresponding small formworks 101.

[0046] In this embodiment, the side wall template 1 is divided into several small templates 101 and spliced ​​together. Then, each support frame 201 is divided into several trusses and connected from top to bottom. Each truss is connected to the corresponding small template 101 through the connecting structure 204. This facilitates installation and disassembly and allows the height of the side wall template 1 to be adjusted to achieve adaptive variable floor height.

[0047] For example: see Figure 12 and Figure 13 For the side wall formwork 1, it is divided into four layers. The first layer of small formwork 101 uses three 3m high first panels 11 to splice them together. Nine single-layer trusses 10 are selected and fixed to the top of the two load-bearing beams 302 along the length of the load-bearing beams 302 with fasteners (such as bolts and nuts). Then, a second-layer single-layer truss 9 is fixed to the top of each single-layer truss 10 with fasteners (such as bolts and nuts). Then, a third-layer single-layer truss 8 is fixed to the top of each second-layer single-layer truss 9 with fasteners (such as bolts and nuts). Each third-layer single-layer truss 8, second-layer single-layer truss 9 and first-layer single-layer truss 10 is connected and fixed to the first panel 11 at the corresponding position through the connecting structure 204. A second panel 12 with a height of 1m is spliced ​​on top of each first panel 11 with a height of 3m, and the three second panels 12 with a height of 1m are connected to each other as a whole. Then, a third panel 13 with a height of 0.5m is spliced ​​on top of each second panel 12 with a height of 1m, and the three third panels 13 with a height of 0.5m are connected to each other as a whole. Finally, a fourth panel 14 with a height of 0.3m is spliced ​​on top of each third panel 13 with a height of 0.5m, and the three fourth panels 14 with a height of 0.3m are connected to each other as a whole. Finally, a complete side wall formwork 1 is spliced ​​together. Finally, a top-level truss 7 is fixed to the top of each three-layer single truss 8 using fasteners (such as bolts and nuts). Thus, each formwork frame 201 consists of four trusses: the top-level truss 7, the three-layer single truss 8, the two-layer single truss 9, and the one-layer single truss 10. Each top-level truss 7 is connected and fixed to the corresponding second panel 12, third panel 13, and fourth panel 14 via a connecting structure 204. In summary, this invention eliminates the need for pre-embedded anchor bolts and traveling tracks. Relying on the autonomous longitudinal displacement of the moving opening and closing mechanism 3, it integrates a hydraulically automatic opening and closing formwork, which can adaptively adapt to variable floor height and variable cross-section station side walls. The entire machine operates without interference from internal columns, enabling continuous water-flow pouring of multiple compartments using a single set of formwork. This reduces the workload of scaffolding erection and manual assembly, ensures smooth and precise dimensional forming of the side wall concrete, meets subway waterproofing and appearance acceptance standards, and reduces overall construction costs.

[0048] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 Optionally, a working platform 4 with guardrails is installed on the top of the formwork support assembly 2, and a ladder 5 for use with the working platform 4 is installed on the side of the formwork support assembly 2 away from the side wall template 1.

[0049] In this embodiment, workers can climb into and out of the work platform 4 via ladder 5, which facilitates the pouring of side wall concrete when climbing into the work platform 4.

[0050] Specifically, the work platform 4 can be detachably installed on the top of several top-level trusses 7, and the ladder 5 can be detachably installed and connected to any two adjacent formwork supports 201.

[0051] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 Optionally, an adjustable height support screw 6 is provided on the bottom side of the formwork support frame 201 away from the template opening and closing assembly 301.

[0052] In this embodiment, when the side wall formwork 1 is tightened with the reinforcing bars, a support screw rod 6 is added to the bottom of the formwork support frame 201 on the side away from the formwork opening and closing assembly 301. The height of the support screw rod 6 can be adjusted in the vertical direction, thereby providing auxiliary support for the formwork support frame 201. This facilitates fine-tuning of the verticality of the side wall formwork 1. In addition, the height of the support screw rod 6 can be lowered by adjusting its height, so that its top is separated from the bottom of the formwork support frame 201, which facilitates the step-like longitudinal movement of the entire formwork (i.e., moving to the right).

[0053] See Figure 4 and Figure 11Optionally, the connection structure 204 includes a connecting screw 2041, a pad 2042 that is fitted with the connecting screw 2041, and a fastening nut 2043 that is threadedly connected to the connecting screw 2041. One end of the connecting screw 2041 is fixedly connected to the corresponding small template 101, and the other end of the connecting screw 2041 is inserted into the channel steel on the truss.

[0054] In this embodiment, by using a connecting screw 2041 and fixing one end of it to the small template 101, when connecting the truss and the corresponding small template 101, the other end of the connecting screw 2041 is inserted into the channel steel on the truss and passes through it. Then, a pad 2042 is placed on the penetrating end, and a fastening nut 2043 is screwed on the penetrating end to fit the pad 2042 into the channel steel on the truss. Finally, the fastening nut 2043 is tightened to compress the pad 2042, thereby realizing the installation and fixation between the small template 101 and the truss. The reverse operation can realize disassembly.

[0055] Optionally, the work platform 4 is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0056] In this embodiment, it plays an anti-slip role for workers when they are working on the work platform 4, preventing them from falling and improving work safety.

[0057] While the present invention has been disclosed above, its scope of protection is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A walking-type, mobile, automatically opening and closing sidewall formwork for sidewall construction, characterized in that, Includes a side wall template (1), one side of which is connected to a formwork support assembly (2), and the bottom of which is connected to a movable opening and closing mechanism (3). The movable opening and closing mechanism (3) includes a template opening and closing assembly (301) and a supporting beam (302). A lifting assembly (303) and a moving assembly (304) are installed on the supporting beam (302). The template opening and closing assembly (301) is connected to the lifting assembly (303). When the lifting assembly (303) operates to separate the moving assembly (304) from the ground, the template opening and closing assembly (301) is used to open and close the side wall template (1) laterally; When the lifting assembly (303) operates to bring the moving assembly (304) to the ground and the template opening and closing assembly (301) separates from the ground, the moving assembly (304) is used to move the side wall template (1) longitudinally.

2. The walking-type mobile automatic opening and closing sidewall formwork for sidewall construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The template opening and closing assembly (301) includes a first telescopic structure (3011) and two transverse bases (3012). The two transverse bases (3012) are connected to each other by a lower connector (3013). A transverse slider (3014) is slidably connected to the top of each of the two transverse bases (3012). The transverse slider (3014) is connected to the corresponding lifting assembly (303). The two transverse sliders (3014) are connected by an upper connector (3015). One end of the first telescopic structure (3011) is connected to a transverse base (3012), and the other end is connected to a transverse slider (3014) on another transverse base (3012).

3. The walking-type mobile automatic opening and closing sidewall formwork for sidewall construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lifting assembly (303) includes a second telescopic structure (3031), a lower sleeve (3033), and an upper sleeve (3032) connected to the supporting beam (302). The bottom end of the lower sleeve (3033) is connected to the corresponding transverse slider (3014), and the top end of the lower sleeve (3033) extends movably into the upper sleeve (3032). One end of the second telescopic structure (3031) is connected to the inner top of the upper sleeve (3032), and the other end is connected to the lower sleeve (3033).

4. The walking-type mobile automatic opening and closing sidewall formwork for sidewall construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable component (304) includes a support member (3041) and a third telescopic structure (3042). Both ends of the support member (3041) are connected to legs (3043) that are slidably connected to the load-bearing beam (302). One end of the third telescopic structure (3042) is connected to the load-bearing beam (302), and the other end is connected to the legs (3043).

5. The walking-type mobile automatic opening and closing sidewall formwork for sidewall construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formwork support assembly (2) includes several formwork supports (201) connected to the load-bearing beam (302), and the several formwork supports (201) are connected to each other by connecting columns (202) and connecting rods (203).

6. The walking-type mobile automatic opening and closing sidewall formwork for sidewall construction according to claim 5, characterized in that, The side wall template (1) is assembled from several small templates (101), and the support frame (201) is composed of several trusses connected sequentially from top to bottom. The trusses are connected to the corresponding small templates (101) through a connecting structure (204) for installation and disassembly between the trusses and the corresponding small templates (101).

7. The walking-type mobile automatic opening and closing sidewall formwork for sidewall construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the formwork support assembly (2) is equipped with a working platform (4) with guardrails, and a ladder (5) for use with the working platform (4) is installed on the side of the formwork support assembly (2) away from the side wall template (1).

8. The walking-type mobile automatic opening and closing sidewall formwork for sidewall construction according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the formwork support frame (201) is provided with an adjustable height support screw (6) on the side away from the template opening and closing assembly (301).

9. The walking-type mobile automatic opening and closing sidewall formwork for sidewall construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connection structure (204) includes a connecting screw (2041), a pad (2042) fitted with the connecting screw (2041), and a fastening nut (2043) threadedly connected to the connecting screw (2041). One end of the connecting screw (2041) is fixedly connected to the corresponding small template (101), and the other end of the connecting screw (2041) is inserted into the channel steel on the truss.

10. The walking-type mobile automatic opening and closing sidewall formwork for sidewall construction according to claim 7, characterized in that, The work platform (4) is provided with anti-slip texture.

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