A composite grouting anchoring assembly and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of composite grouting anchoring assembly and its construction method.The assembly includes composite connector, and is coaxially connected by front anchoring section, middle section heat break section and rear section mounting section;Front anchoring section includes expansion sleeve and expansion core slidingly disposed in it, and lateral grout hole is opened on expansion sleeve;Middle section heat break section includes grouting core rod with hollow grouting channel inside, and heat insulation sleeve is wrapped on the outer wall of rear section of grouting core rod;Rear section mounting section includes threaded section and locking nut.During construction, first, locking nut is tightened to drive expansion core to make expansion sleeve radially expand and anchor in base wall, while mounting connector is pressed and fixed;Then, grouting is carried out to hollow grouting channel to the hollow area of thermal insulation layer, and slurry flows out through lateral grout hole to fill hollow area.The present application also provides three-level grading management method based on three quantitative indexes of hollow area rate, maximum crack width and base pull strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, specifically to a composite grouting anchoring component and an integrated construction method for graded treatment of exterior wall defects in old residential communities and thermal insulation and decoration. Background Technology

[0002] my country's urban construction has entered a phase of stock renewal, with a large number of old residential communities built in the 1980s and 1990s facing serious aging of their external wall insulation systems. According to statistics from the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, approximately 219,000 old residential communities nationwide require renovation, involving a building area of ​​over 4 billion square meters. The external wall insulation systems of these buildings commonly suffer from defects such as hollowing, cracking, peeling, and leakage, which not only lead to high building energy consumption (the heat transfer coefficient of some old buildings' external walls is as high as 1.5-2.5 W / (m²·K), far exceeding the limit of 0.45 W / (m²·K) stipulated in the current GB55015-2021 "General Specification for Building Energy Conservation and Renewable Energy Utilization"), but also pose a significant safety hazard of the finishing layer falling from heights.

[0003] Guided by the "dual carbon" goals, energy-saving renovations and safety improvements to the exterior walls of existing buildings have become a core task of urban renewal. However, existing technologies face the following prominent problems in practice:

[0004] 1. The treatment of wall defects and the insulation and decoration processes are disconnected. Currently, the four stages of exterior wall defect detection and diagnosis, hollow grouting repair, insulation layer upgrade, and decorative surface replacement are usually implemented in phases by different construction companies, requiring multiple scaffolding erections and site visits. In older residential areas with limited space and continuous resident life, repeated construction causes serious disturbance to residents, and the construction period is long and costly. Taking a single 6-story residential building as an example, the total construction period for each stage is usually 45-60 days, resulting in a high rate of resident complaints.

[0005] 2. Lack of a tiered and categorized management system. The severity of exterior wall damage in older residential areas varies significantly—some only have cracked surface paint, while others have large areas of hollow insulation (hollow area rate can reach over 30%), and some have loose masonry with severely insufficient strength. However, existing repair techniques generally adopt a "one-size-fits-all" approach: either completely removing and repairing (resulting in over-repair of Level I mild damage areas, wasting costs), or only performing surface treatment (insufficient repair of Level III severe damage areas, leading to further damage in the short term). Currently, there is no tiered management standard based on quantitative indicators of damage, along with a corresponding system of differentiated material combinations and construction parameters.

[0006] In summary, it is necessary to develop a complete set of technologies that organically integrate the four aspects of disease diagnosis, targeted repair, thermal insulation enhancement, and decorative renovation, and to design an integrated connection component that combines the functions of grouting repair, thermal bridge interruption, and anchoring installation, so as to achieve the goal of "one-time entry, comprehensive renovation, and quality improvement" in the renovation of the exterior walls of old residential areas. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address at least one of the aforementioned technical problems, this invention discloses a composite grouting anchoring component, comprising a composite connector. The composite connector includes a front anchoring section, a middle thermal bridge breaking section, and a rear mounting section, thereby integrating grouting repair, thermal bridge breaking, and panel mounting functions into a single component, achieving multiple uses from a single hole.

[0008] The front anchoring section includes an expansion core and an expansion sleeve slidably disposed outside the expansion core. The front section of the grouting core rod is provided with a lateral grout outlet hole. First, the locking nut is tightened, and the expansion core is pulled by the grouting core rod to slide inside the expansion sleeve, causing the expansion sleeve to expand radially and anchor to the borehole wall, completing the mechanical anchoring. Then, grout is injected into the hollow area of ​​the insulation layer through the hollow grouting channel, and the grout flows out through the lateral grout outlet hole to fill the hollow area. The anchoring process and the grouting process are completed sequentially through the same front anchoring section, and after the expansion sleeve expands radially, it fits tightly against the borehole wall, forming a reliable in-hole seal, effectively preventing the grout from flowing back along the borehole annulus during grouting, and avoiding the secondary damage to the grouting layer caused by grouting first and then drilling another hole for anchoring in the traditional method.

[0009] The intermediate thermal break section includes a grouting core rod. The grouting core rod has an axially penetrating hollow grouting channel inside, the front end of which communicates with the lateral grout outlet. Grout enters the hollow grouting channel from the rear end of the grouting core rod, penetrates the intermediate section axially, and then flows out from the lateral grout outlet at the front. The hollow grouting channel serves as both the transport path for the grouting liquid and, after grouting, the channel is filled with solidified grout. Once solidified, the grout forms a composite load-bearing body with the grouting core rod, jointly bearing the mechanical load and enhancing the overall load-bearing capacity of the anchoring structure. The outer wall of the rear section of the grouting core rod is wrapped with a heat-insulating sleeve to block the heat conduction path along the metal grouting core rod, reducing the thermal bridge effect at the anchoring point. The front end of the grouting core rod is fixedly connected to or integrated with the expansion core. The axial tensile force applied by the locking nut is transmitted through the grouting core rod to the expansion core, driving the expansion core to slide and achieve expansion anchoring.

[0010] The rear mounting section includes a threaded section located at the rear end of the grouting core rod. A mounting connector is fitted onto the threaded section, positioned between the locking nut and the base wall. The locking nut engages with the threaded section, and when tightened, the integrated insulation and decorative panel can be fixed to the wall via the mounting connector. Simultaneously, the tightening action of the locking nut causes the grouting core rod to move backward, driving the expansion core to radially expand the expansion sleeve, thus completing the anchoring. After anchoring, grouting is performed through the hollow grouting channel. During grouting, the expansion sleeve has radially expanded and tightly adheres to the borehole wall, providing a sealing effect within the borehole and preventing grout from overflowing along the borehole annular gap.

[0011] The mounting connector of the integrated thermal insulation and decorative panel is sleeved on the threaded section and located between the locking nut and the base wall. During installation, the mounting connector is pressed and fixed on the threaded section as the locking nut is tightened, without the need for additional mounting components or secondary tightening operations.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer wall of the expansion sleeve is provided with annular barbs or threaded ribs, which are used to embed into the borehole wall when the expansion sleeve expands radially, thereby enhancing the mechanical interlocking force and pull-out bearing capacity. Two to six lateral grout outlet holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the grouting core rod, and two to three rows of two to four holes are arranged along the axial direction of the grouting core rod, allowing the grout to flow out simultaneously from multiple points and directions in the circumferential and axial directions within the void area. The number of openings and the hole diameter can be appropriately adjusted according to the thickness of the void area and the viscosity of the grout to ensure uniform distribution of the grout within the void area.

[0013] Furthermore, the insulation sleeve has a double-layer structure, with an inner aerogel insulation sleeve and an outer layer covered with a glass fiber reinforced protective layer. The glass fiber reinforced protective layer is used to protect the aerogel insulation sleeve from mechanical damage during construction. The thermal conductivity of the aerogel insulation sleeve is ≤0.018W / (m·K), and the wall thickness is 5-15mm. The extremely low thermal conductivity of aerogel significantly blocks the radial heat dissipation path of the grouting core rod through the insulation layer section, thereby reducing the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of the anchoring point.

[0014] Furthermore, a washer is also fitted on the threaded section. The washer is sleeved on the threaded section and located between the mounting connector and the locking nut. It is used to disperse the local pressure of the locking nut on the mounting connector and protect the surface of the mounting connector; or it is located between the mounting connector and the base wall and is used to adjust the distance between the mounting connector and the wall to compensate for the flatness deviation of the wall surface.

[0015] This invention also provides a method for integrated construction of exterior wall defects treatment and thermal insulation decoration, using the composite grouting anchoring component described in any of the above-mentioned methods, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. Disease Detection and Grading: An infrared thermal imager is used to comprehensively scan the exterior wall. Combined with acoustic tapping, the extent of hollow areas is confirmed region by region. A pull-out tester is used to measure the pull-out strength f of the substrate. The maximum crack width w and the hollow area ratio α are measured. A three-level grading is then performed based on the following three indicators:

[0017] Level I: α < 15%, w < 0.5 mm, and f ≥ 0.3 MPa;

[0018] Level II: 15%≤α<30%, or 0.5mm≤w<2mm, or 0.15MPa≤f<0.3MPa;

[0019] Grade III: α≥30%, or w≥2mm, or f<0.15MPa.

[0020] Through the above-mentioned quantitative grading, the disease assessment is upgraded from experience-based judgment to data-driven decision-making, and the construction plan is based on evidence, avoiding over-repair or under-repair.

[0021] S2 and Level I area treatment: Cracks are filled and repaired with polymer cement mortar, and hollow areas are filled and repaired with low-viscosity epoxy resin grout. After repair, an interface agent is applied, and a thin-layer insulation coating system is used for insulation enhancement. Level I areas have minor defects and do not require removal of the original insulation layer. Only surface repair and thin-layer insulation enhancement are needed to meet the requirements, significantly reducing costs.

[0022] S3, Level II Area Treatment: Drill anchoring holes at the designed intervals in the hollow areas, and drill an air venting and inspection hole at the highest point of the hollow areas. Insert the composite grouting anchoring component into the anchoring holes, tighten the locking nut to tighten the grouting core rod, drive the expansion core to radially expand and anchor the front anchoring section into the base wall, and at the same time, the locking nut presses and fixes the hanging connector to the threaded section. Then, inject low-shrinkage epoxy resin grout into the hollow areas of the insulation layer through the hollow grouting channel. After the grout has cured, install the integrated insulation and decoration panel on the hanging connector.

[0023] By placing the expansion anchoring process before the grouting process, the expansion sleeve (1) is radially expanded and tightly adheres to the borehole wall before grouting, forming a reliable mechanical anchoring force and borehole wall seal within the borehole. During subsequent grouting, the grout is effectively sealed outside the borehole annulus, preventing grout from flowing back and overflowing along the borehole. At the same time, the expansion sleeve (1) is embedded into the borehole wall after expansion, providing stable axial positioning for the grouting core rod (5), ensuring that the grout outlet (2) is always aligned with the void area during the grouting process, improving the accuracy of grouting and the density of filling. The grouting repair and anchoring installation in the Class II area are completed sequentially using the same component, the same borehole, and the same tightening action, eliminating the need for secondary drilling, preventing damage to the grouting layer, simplifying the process, and improving efficiency.

[0024] S4, Level III Area Treatment: The original insulation and finishing layers in the affected area are removed down to the base wall. After cleaning the base, an integrated insulation and decoration panel system is used for reconstruction. The integrated insulation and decoration panel is fixed to the base wall using anchors, which can be selected from ordinary metal expansion anchors, chemical anchors, or the composite grouting anchoring components described in any one of claims 1 to 4. Level III areas are severely affected, with large areas of hollow insulation or loose base layers. Grouting repair cannot guarantee long-term effectiveness; therefore, removal and reconstruction is the radical solution to ensure structural safety and energy efficiency. In actual projects, the construction party can independently choose the appropriate anchoring method based on site conditions and cost requirements. Using ordinary expansion anchors or chemical anchors can further reduce material costs and improve construction efficiency.

[0025] S5. Quality Inspection and Acceptance: The repaired area is re-inspected using infrared thermal imaging and subjected to a pull-out test. Acceptance is granted upon passing the re-inspection. This re-inspection forms a quality closed loop, ensuring that there are no new thermal defects in the repaired area and that the anchoring force meets design requirements.

[0026] Furthermore, in S3, grouting is carried out in batches, advancing row by row, with the entire grouting process continuous, without waiting for each row of grout to solidify. Specific stopping criteria are as follows:

[0027] (1) When grouting anchor holes that are not in the top row, the grouting shall be stopped when grout seeps out evenly from the adjacent anchor holes in the same row or the anchor holes in the row above it (any occurrence shall be sufficient to stop the grouting).

[0028] (2) When grouting the top row of anchor holes, the main basis for stopping grouting is the continuous flow of uniform pure grout without air bubbles from the venting and inspection hole. When the adjacent anchor holes in the same row are still empty holes, the adjacent holes should be able to seep out grout uniformly at the same time. When the adjacent anchor holes in the same row have been grouted (and are no longer empty holes), the basis for stopping grouting is the continuous flow of grout from the venting and inspection hole.

[0029] After all grouting is completed, continue running the grouting pump at low pressure (0.1-0.15MPa) for 3-5 minutes to ensure a continuous and stable flow of grout from the venting check hole. Then, turn off the grouting pump and seal all grouting holes and venting holes. Do not wait for curing between grouting passes; the grout will cure completely after all grouting is completed, forming a continuous filler without cold joints.

[0030] Furthermore, the spacing of the anchoring holes described in S3 is 300-500mm, and the spacing of the anchoring holes is less than twice the effective diffusion radius of a single hole (≥300mm) (i.e., 600mm), to ensure effective overlap of grout in adjacent grouting areas and to leave no blind spots in the filling; the drilling depth is based on penetrating the insulation layer and entering the base wall 20-30mm, to provide sufficient anchoring length for the expansion sleeve and ensure that the mechanical anchoring force meets the design requirements.

[0031] Furthermore, the quality inspection and acceptance standards described in S5 are as follows: infrared thermal imaging re-inspection shows no new thermal defects, indicating that the hollow areas have been completely filled and there are no new debonding areas; the tensile bearing capacity of the anchor is ≥0.30kN and the pull-out strength of the base layer is ≥0.10MPa, ensuring that the anchoring safety margin meets the specification requirements; visual inspection shows that the board seams are uniform, without warping or color difference, ensuring the decorative effect.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve the following technical effects:

[0033] 1. This invention achieves its goals through the following methods: First, the hollow grouting channel of the grouting core rod is connected to the lateral grout outlet, integrating the grouting repair function into the anchoring component; second, the mounting connector is directly fitted onto the threaded section at the rear end of the grouting core rod, eliminating the need for additional components for panel mounting; finally, the expansion anchoring and mounting connector are simultaneously secured by a single tightening action of the locking nut; subsequently, grouting repair is performed through the same hollow grouting channel. Thus, anchoring, mounting, and grouting can be completed sequentially with a single component, a single drill hole, and a single site visit, fundamentally avoiding the drawbacks of traditional solutions that require phased construction of defect treatment and insulation decoration, multiple site visits, and repeated drilling.

[0034] 2. Quantitative Grading for Precisely Adapted Repair Plans. First, infrared thermal imaging, crack width measurement, and pull-out testing are used to obtain three quantitative indicators: the hollow area ratio α, the maximum crack width w, and the base layer pull-out strength f, making the severity of the damage measurable and repeatable. Second, based on the α / w / f indicators, the affected areas are divided into three levels: Level I, Level II, and Level III. Finally, differentiated treatment plans are matched according to the grading results—Level I requires only thin-layer repair, Level II uses grouting anchoring repair, and Level III requires complete removal and reconstruction. Thus, different levels of damage are treated with different depths of intervention, avoiding the problems of over-repairing mild cases and under-repairing severe cases in a "one-size-fits-all" approach.

[0035] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the composite grouting anchoring assembly of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the working state of the composite grouting anchoring component of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the integrated construction method for graded treatment of exterior wall defects and thermal insulation and decoration according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure label:

[0041] 1. Expansion sleeve; 2. Lateral grout outlet; 3. Expansion core; 4. Annular barb; 5. Grouting core rod; 6. Insulating sleeve; 7. Glass fiber reinforced protective layer; 8. Threaded section; 9. Locking nut; 10. Washer; 11. Hollow grouting channel; 15. Hanging connector. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0044] The application principle of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0045] Example 1: Specific structure of composite grouting anchoring assembly

[0046] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a composite grouting anchoring assembly includes a composite connector, which is formed by coaxially connecting a front anchoring section, a middle thermal break bridging section, and a rear mounting section.

[0047] The front anchoring section includes an expansion sleeve 1 and an expansion core 3 slidably disposed within the expansion sleeve 1. The expansion sleeve 1 is made of 304 stainless steel, with an outer diameter of 16 mm, a wall thickness of 1.5 mm, and a length of 80 mm. The outer wall of the expansion sleeve 1 is provided with annular barbs 4, which are used to embed into the borehole wall when the expansion sleeve expands radially, thereby enhancing the mechanical interlocking force and pull-out bearing capacity. The expansion core 3 is made of 304 stainless steel, and the section that mates with the expansion sleeve is a cone with a taper angle of 20°, and the rear end is provided with internal threads.

[0048] The intermediate thermal break section includes a grouting core rod 5. The grouting core rod 5 is made of 304 stainless steel, with a total length of 120mm and an outer diameter of 8mm, and is integrated with the rear end of the expansion core 3. The grouting core rod 5 has an axially penetrating hollow grouting channel 11 with an inner diameter of 6mm. Lateral grout outlet holes 2 are provided on the grouting core rod 5, with four evenly distributed along the circumference (at 90° intervals) and a hole diameter of 4mm; two rows are arranged along the axial direction of the grouting core rod 5, with a row spacing of 20mm. The lateral grout outlet holes 2 employ a multi-row, multi-point arrangement, allowing the grout to flow out simultaneously from multiple points and directions along the axial and circumferential directions within the void area, ensuring uniform distribution of the grout within the void area.

[0049] The hollow grouting channel 11 serves as the transport path for the grouting liquid. After grouting, the solidified grout fills the channel and forms a composite load-bearing body with the grouting core rod 5, jointly bearing subsequent mechanical loads and enhancing the overall load-bearing capacity of the anchoring structure. The front end of the hollow grouting channel 11 is connected to the lateral grout outlet 2, allowing the grout to flow directly into the hollow area from the lateral grout outlet 2 through the internal channel of the grouting core rod 5, eliminating the need to open a separate grouting channel on the expansion sleeve 1 and ensuring the structural integrity of the expansion sleeve 1. The outer wall of the rear section of the grouting core rod 5 is wrapped with a heat-insulating sleeve. The heat-insulating sleeve has a double-layer structure, with an inner layer of aerogel heat-insulating sleeve and an outer layer covered with a glass fiber reinforced protective layer 7. The aerogel heat-insulating sleeve is made of silica aerogel material with a thermal conductivity of 0.016 W / (m·K), a density of 150 kg / m³, a wall thickness of 10 mm, and a length of 100 mm. The diameter of the rear section of the grouting core rod 5 is reduced, and its outer wall is wrapped with a heat-insulating sleeve. The outer diameter of the heat-insulating sleeve matches the outer diameter of the front section of the grouting core rod 5, ensuring that the outer surface of the wrapped rear section is flush with the outer surface of the front section. This facilitates smooth insertion and positioning of the component within the borehole. The extremely low thermal conductivity of aerogel significantly blocks the radial heat dissipation path of the grouting core rod 5 through the insulation layer section. When heat is conducted along the metal grouting core rod 5, the radial heat dissipation path of this section is blocked after the middle section is wrapped with the aerogel heat-insulating sleeve, thereby reducing the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of the anchoring point. The glass fiber reinforced protective layer 7 is 1.0 mm thick and is used to protect the aerogel heat-insulating sleeve from mechanical damage during construction.

[0050] The rear mounting section includes a threaded section 8 located at the rear end of the grouting core rod 5. The threaded section 8 has an M10×1.5 thread specification and a length of 30mm. A locking nut 9 is fitted onto the threaded section 8. The mounting connector 15 is sleeved on the threaded section 8 and located between the locking nut 9 and the base wall. When the locking nut 9 is tightened, the integrated insulation and decorative panel is fixed to the wall through the mounting connector 15; simultaneously, the tightening action of the locking nut 9 causes the grouting core rod 5 to move backward, driving the expansion core 3 to radially expand the expansion sleeve 1, thus completing the anchoring. Both functions are completed simultaneously through the same tightening action of the same locking nut 9, simplifying the construction process.

[0051] In this embodiment, when construction is carried out in low-temperature seasons (ambient temperature < 5℃), the grout should preferably be a modified epoxy resin grout that can be cured under low-temperature conditions, and the curing agent should be a low-temperature phenolic amine curing agent; when construction is carried out in normal temperature seasons (5℃-35℃), conventional low-shrinkage epoxy resin grout can be used.

[0052] Example 2: Application of grouting anchoring components in Class II disease areas

[0053] like Figure 2-3 As shown, taking a six-story brick-concrete old residential community (built in 1995, with an exterior wall area of ​​approximately 2100 m²) as an example, the composite grouting anchoring component of this invention is used to treat the Class II disease areas.

[0054] S1. Defect Detection and Grading. An infrared thermal imager (thermal sensitivity ≤0.03℃) was used to scan each exterior wall before sunrise or on cloudy days to identify areas of abnormal temperature (temperature difference ≥1.5℃ is considered a suspected hollow area). An acoustic tapping method was used to confirm the boundary of the hollow area point by point. A pull-out tester was used to measure the pull-out strength f of the base layer at no less than 3 points per 200m². Simultaneously, a crack width measuring instrument was used to measure the maximum crack width w. After detection, the entire exterior wall area was divided into three levels (I, II, and III) based on the three indices α / w / f. In this embodiment, the area of ​​the level II area is 735m² (accounting for 35.0%).

[0055] S3, Level II regional governance.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, use a φ18mm electric hammer drill to drill anchor holes in the hollow area at a spacing of 400mm×400mm (approximately 6 holes / m²).

[0057] (I) Drilling of Detector Holes and Confirmation of the Void Interface. Before grouting, drill φ6mm detector holes at three different heights (low, medium, and high) within the void area. The interface of the void is confirmed by observing the resistance changes and drill cuttings characteristics as the drill bit enters different media: when the drill bit passes through the insulation layer, the resistance is uniform and the drill cuttings are insulation material particles; when the drill bit enters the void area, the resistance suddenly disappears and the amount of drill cuttings decreases sharply; when the drill bit touches the base wall, the resistance suddenly increases and the drill cuttings turn into brick powder or concrete powder. The detection results are used to confirm that the void is located between the insulation layer and the base wall, and to determine the subsequent drilling depth accordingly.

[0058] (II) Drilling of Venting Holes for Full Filling. A φ8mm venting hole for full filling is drilled at the highest point of each independent hollow area. This hole only penetrates the insulation layer to reach the hollow area, without entering the base wall or installing anchoring components. It serves solely as an observation hole for monitoring the grout level at the top of the hollow area during grouting and as a channel for air venting from the top. Grout will typically not emerge from this hole during the lower and middle grouting stages; it will only emerge during the upper (last) grouting stage when the grout level rises to the top, serving as the final determination that the upper part is full.

[0059] (III) Anchor Hole Drilling. Using a φ18mm electric hammer drill, anchor holes are drilled in the hollow areas at a grid spacing of 400mm × 400mm, approximately 6 holes per m². During drilling, the drilling depth is controlled by referencing the insulation layer thickness confirmed by the probe holes—stop drilling when the drill bit penetrates the insulation layer and continues to enter the base wall for 20-30mm (ensuring the initial anchor section is fully incorporated). After drilling, compressed air is used to remove dust and debris from the holes to ensure cleanliness.

[0060] (IV) Anchor Hole Layout and Grouting Sequence Planning. Taking the 400mm×400mm spacing in this embodiment as an example, all anchor holes are divided into three batches according to the vertical row spacing: lower row, middle row, and upper row. In actual projects, the number of rows of anchor holes is determined according to the vertical height of the hollow area, and can be two, three, or more rows. The grouting sequence follows the principle of proceeding from bottom to top, row by row, and is not limited to three rows. This embodiment uses three rows as an example for explanation. The grouting sequence strictly follows the principle of proceeding from bottom to top, row by row: first grout the bottom row of holes, and after all anchor holes in that row have been grouted, then grout the middle row of holes, and finally grout the upper row of holes. Within the same row, grout is injected sequentially from one end to the other in the horizontal direction. The entire grouting process is carried out continuously, without waiting for each row of grout to solidify. The grout solidifies as a whole after all grouting is completed.

[0061] (V) Component Insertion and Expansion Anchoring. Insert the composite grouting anchoring component into the anchoring hole that needs grouting. Use a torque wrench to tighten the locking nut 9 to a torque of 30-40 N·m, causing the expansion sleeve 1 to expand radially and anchor into the base wall. At the same time, the hanging connector 15 is pressed and fixed onto the threaded section 8. This step is completed before grouting. After the expansion sleeve expands, it fits tightly against the borehole wall, forming an internal seal. After the current hole is grouted, move to the next anchoring hole for component insertion and anchoring.

[0062] The entire area's work is carried out in a top-down, row-by-row sequence: the bottom row is constructed first, then the middle row is completed, and finally the top row. Within the same row, work is done horizontally from one end to the other, hole by hole, with each hole following a cycle of "inserting the component → tightening the anchor → grouting → moving to the next hole." Adjacent anchor holes are empty (without the component inserted) during grouting, allowing grout to seep out smoothly, making it easy for construction personnel to accurately observe the "grouting from adjacent holes" criterion for stopping the work.

[0063] (vi) Grouting from bottom to top, row by row. Connect the grouting gun head of the grouting equipment to the rear end of the grouting core rod 5 of the current anchoring component, and start the grouting pump to inject low-shrinkage epoxy resin grout into the hollow area of ​​the insulation layer through the hollow grouting channel 11. The grouting pressure is controlled at 0.3-0.4 MPa.

[0064] ① Grouting of the lower row of holes (first batch): Starting from one end of the lower row, proceed through each hole in a cycle of "inserting components → tightening anchors → grouting". When grouting each hole, stop when grout evenly seeps out from adjacent anchor holes in the same row or adjacent anchor holes in the middle row (stop when either occurs). After grouting the hole, move the grouting gun to the next anchor hole in the same row and repeat the above operation until all anchor holes in the row have been grouted.

[0065] ② Grouting of the middle row of holes (second batch): After completing the grouting of the lower row of holes, move the grouting gun head to the middle row of anchor holes and repeat the same process from one end to the other. When grouting each hole, stop when grout evenly seeps out of adjacent anchor holes in the same row or adjacent anchor holes in the upper row (stop when either occurs). Complete the grouting of all middle row anchor holes using this method.

[0066] ③ Grouting of the upper row of holes (third and last batch): After completing the grouting of the middle row of holes, move the grouting gun head to the uppermost row of anchor holes and circulate the grouting process from one end of the upper row to the other. The criterion for stopping grouting in each hole is that the air venting test hole continuously discharges uniform, bubble-free pure grout (proving that the top is full) and that grout uniformly seeps out from adjacent anchor holes in the same row (proving that the horizontal path is clear). Both conditions must be met simultaneously. Complete the grouting of all upper row anchor holes using this method. Under normal temperature conditions, the initial setting time of the grout is approximately 4 hours, and the complete curing time is approximately 24 hours.

[0067] After curing, install the integrated insulation and decorative panels (rock wool insulation core material, 80mm thick, thermal conductivity ≤0.040W / (m·K); panel is 6mm thick calcium silicate board with fluorocarbon paint finish). The integrated panels are installed on the wall using mounting connectors 15. Installation proceeds row by row from bottom to top, with the joint width controlled at 6-8mm. Polyethylene foam rods are used to fill the joints, followed by weather-resistant silicone sealant (displacement capacity ≥25%).

[0068] Example 3: Complete construction process for graded treatment of exterior wall defects

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a complete process for a graded treatment of exterior wall defects and an integrated construction method for thermal insulation and decoration.

[0070] S1. Defect Detection and Grading. An infrared thermal imager was used to comprehensively scan the exterior wall. Combined with acoustic tapping, the extent of hollow areas was confirmed region by region. A pull-out tester was used to measure the base layer pull-out strength f. The maximum crack width w and the hollow area ratio α were measured. The hollow area ratio α was determined as follows: an infrared thermal imager was used to identify temperature anomalies with a temperature difference ≥1.5℃ as suspected hollow areas. The acoustic tapping method was used to confirm the hollow boundaries point by point. α = (total hollow area ÷ measured wall area) × 100%. The maximum crack width w was measured using a crack width measuring instrument. The base layer pull-out strength f was determined as follows: measuring points were selected in the detection area. A pull-out head was attached to the base layer surface, and a vertical pull-out force was applied along the perimeter of the pull-out head until failure. f = maximum pull-out force ÷ pull-out head area.

[0071] The three-level classification is based on the following three indicators:

[0072] Level I: α < 15%, w < 0.5 mm, and f ≥ 0.3 MPa;

[0073] Level II: 15%≤α<30%, or 0.5mm≤w<2mm, or 0.15MPa≤f<0.3MPa;

[0074] Grade III: α≥30%, or w≥2mm, or f<0.15MPa.

[0075] S2, Level I Area Treatment. For cracked areas, create V-shaped grooves (10mm wide, 10mm deep) along the crack. After cleaning away dust, fill and repair with polymer cement mortar (28-day compressive strength ≥25MPa, bond strength ≥1.0MPa). For hollow areas, drill φ8mm grouting holes at 300mm intervals and inject low-viscosity epoxy resin grout (viscosity ≤500mPa·s) until grout appears from adjacent holes. After repair, apply a water-based epoxy interface agent (0.15kg / m²), then spray aerogel insulation coating (dry film thickness 4mm, thermal conductivity ≤0.035W / (m·K)), and finally apply a reflective heat-insulating topcoat (solar reflectance ≥0.85).

[0076] S3, Level II area treatment. Construction is carried out according to the method of Example 2. The spacing of the anchor holes is 300-500mm, and the drilling depth is based on penetrating the insulation layer and entering the base wall 20-30mm deep. Insert the composite grouting anchor component into the anchor hole, and first tighten the locking nut 9 with a torque of 30-40 N·m to complete the radial expansion anchoring of the expansion sleeve 1 and the compression and fixing of the hanging connector 15. Then, inject low-shrinkage epoxy resin grout into the hollow area of ​​the insulation layer through the hollow grouting channel 11. A pressure gauge is set at the grouting gun head for real-time monitoring of the grouting pressure. The grouting pressure is 0.2-0.5MPa, the effective diffusion radius of single-hole grouting is ≥300mm, and grouting is stopped when grout comes out of the adjacent anchor hole. After the grout has completely cured, install the integrated insulation and decoration panel on the hanging connector 15.

[0077] S4, Level III Area Treatment. The original insulation and finishing layers in the affected area are removed manually or with small machinery down to the base wall. After cleaning the base, apply two coats of water-based epoxy interface agent. Once dry, rebuild using an integrated insulation and decoration panel system. If there are loose areas in the base wall, grouting reinforcement is used first. Subsequent anchoring work can only proceed after the reinforcement grout has completely cured and a pull-out test confirms the base's pull-out strength is ≥0.15MPa.

[0078] The integrated thermal insulation and decorative panel is fixed to the base wall using anchors. The anchors can be selected from any one of the following, depending on site conditions, project cost, and ease of construction: ordinary metal expansion anchors, chemical anchors, or the composite grouting anchoring assembly described in this invention.

[0079] (1) When using ordinary metal expansion anchors, the effective anchoring depth of the anchors shall be ≥25mm, the number of anchors shall be not less than 6 / m², the tensile bearing capacity of a single anchor shall be ≥0.60kN, and the anchor spacing shall be ≤500mm;

[0080] (2) When using chemical anchors, after cleaning the anchor hole, inject the anchoring adhesive, insert the anchor and let it stand until the adhesive is completely cured. The number of anchors should not be less than 6 / m², and the tensile bearing capacity of a single anchor should be ≥0.80kN.

[0081] (3) When using composite grouting anchoring components, since the original insulation layer has been removed in the Class III area, there are no hollow areas that need to be repaired by grouting. The component only uses its front anchoring section to provide anchoring force and the rear threaded section 8 to hang the integrated plate. No grouting operation is performed (i.e., the hollow grouting channel 11 and the lateral grout outlet 2 are not put into use).

[0082] Regardless of the anchoring method used, the number of anchors should not be less than 6 per m²; in areas with severely loose substrate, the number can be increased to 8 per m². After the anchoring construction is completed, on-site pull-out tests should be conducted at a frequency of not less than 3 sets per 500 m², and the tensile bearing capacity of a single anchor should meet the design requirements. The installation process for the integrated panel is the same as S3.

[0083] S5. Quality Inspection and Acceptance. After all construction is completed, the repaired area will be re-inspected using infrared thermal imaging to confirm that there are no new thermal defects (temperature difference < 1.0℃). Anchor pull-out tests will be conducted on-site at a frequency of no less than 3 sets per 500m², requiring a single anchor tensile bearing capacity ≥ 0.30kN and a base layer pull-out strength ≥ 0.10MPa. Simultaneously, the fullness of the sealant in the joints, surface flatness (2m straightedge deviation ≤ 4mm), and finish color difference will be checked. Acceptance will be granted after all indicators meet the requirements.

[0084] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite grouting anchoring assembly, characterized in that, include: A composite connector, comprising a front anchoring section, a middle thermal break bridging section, and a rear mounting section; The front anchoring section includes an expansion core (3) and an expansion sleeve (1) that is slidably disposed outside the expansion core. The middle section of the thermal break bridge includes a grouting core rod (5), the interior of which is provided with a hollow grouting channel (11) that runs through the axis. The front section of the hollow grouting channel (11) is provided with a lateral grout outlet hole (2). The outer wall of the rear section of the grouting core rod (5) is wrapped with a heat insulation sleeve. The front end of the grouting core rod (5) is fixedly connected to the expansion core (3) or is integrated with it. The rear mounting section includes a threaded section (8) located at the rear end of the grouting core rod (5), and a locking nut (9) is fitted on the threaded section (8).

2. The composite grouting anchoring assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the expansion sleeve (1) is provided with annular barbs (4); there are 2-6 lateral grout outlet holes (2) evenly distributed along the circumference of the grouting core rod (5), and there are 2-3 rows of lateral grout outlet holes (2) along the axial direction of the grouting core rod (5), with 2-4 holes in each row.

3. The composite grouting anchoring assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation sleeve has a double-layer structure, with the inner layer being an aerogel insulation sleeve and the outer layer being covered with a glass fiber reinforced protective layer (7).

4. The composite grouting anchoring assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a mounting connector (15), which is sleeved on the threaded section (8) and located between the locking nut (9) and the base wall; a washer (10) is also fitted on the threaded section (8), which is sleeved on the threaded section (8) and located between the mounting connector (15) and the locking nut (9), or located between the mounting connector (15) and the base wall.

5. A method for integrating graded treatment of exterior wall defects with thermal insulation and decoration, characterized in that, The composite grouting anchoring assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4 includes the following steps: S1. Disease Detection and Grading: Infrared thermal imagers are used to scan the exterior walls, combined with acoustic tapping to confirm the extent of hollow areas, and pull-out testers are used to measure the pull-out strength f of the substrate; the maximum crack width w and the hollow area ratio α are measured, and a three-level grading is performed based on the following three indicators: Grade I: Hollow area ratio α < 15%, maximum crack width w < 0.5 mm, and base layer pull-out strength f ≥ 0.3 MPa; Level II: 15%≤α<30%, or 0.5mm≤w<2mm, or 0.15MPa≤f<0.3MPa; Grade III: α ≥ 30%, or w ≥ 2 mm, or f < 0.15 MPa; S2, Level I area treatment: The cracked areas are filled and repaired with polymer cement mortar, and the hollow areas are filled and repaired by injecting low-viscosity epoxy resin grout. After the repair, an interface agent is applied and a thin-layer thermal insulation coating system is used for thermal insulation enhancement. S3, Level II Area Treatment: Drill anchor holes at the designed intervals in the hollow areas, and drill exhaust and inspection holes at the highest point of the hollow areas. Insert the composite grouting anchor component into the anchor holes, tighten the locking nut (9) to tighten the grouting core rod (5), drive the expansion core (3) to make the front anchor section radially expand and anchor into the base wall, and at the same time, the locking nut (9) presses and fixes the hanging connector (15) onto the threaded section (8); then inject low shrinkage epoxy resin slurry into the hollow areas of the insulation layer through the hollow grouting channel (11), and after the slurry has cured, install the integrated insulation and decoration panel onto the hanging connector (15); S4, Level III Area Treatment: Remove the original insulation and finishing layers in the affected area down to the base wall, and rebuild using an integrated insulation and decoration panel system after cleaning the base. S5. Quality Inspection and Acceptance: The repaired area shall be re-inspected by infrared thermal imaging and pulled-out test, and accepted after passing the test.

6. The method for graded treatment of exterior wall defects and integrated construction of thermal insulation and decoration according to claim 5, characterized in that, The detection method for the hollow area ratio α in S1 is as follows: an infrared thermal imager is used to identify temperature anomaly areas with a temperature difference ≥ 1.5℃ as suspected hollow areas, and the hollow boundary is confirmed point by point using an acoustic tapping method. α = (total hollow area ÷ area of ​​the wall being tested) × 100%; the maximum width w of the crack is measured using a crack width measuring instrument; the detection method for the base layer pull-out strength f is as follows: a measuring point is selected in the detection area, a pull-out head is attached to the base layer surface, and a vertical pull-out force is applied to the base layer along the perimeter of the pull-out head until failure, f = maximum pull-out force value ÷ pull-out head area.

7. The method for graded treatment of exterior wall defects and integrated construction of thermal insulation and decoration according to claim 5, characterized in that, In S3, before grouting, a probe hole is drilled in the hollow area (13). The interface where the hollow is located is determined again by the resistance change and the characteristics of the drill cuttings when the drill bit enters different media: the resistance is uniform when the drill bit passes through the insulation layer and the drill cuttings are insulation material particles; the resistance suddenly disappears when the drill bit enters the hollow area (13) and the amount of drill cuttings decreases sharply; the resistance suddenly increases when the drill bit touches the base wall and the drill cuttings become brick powder or concrete powder. Thus, it is determined that the hollow is located between the insulation layer and the base wall.

8. The method for graded treatment of exterior wall defects and integrated construction of thermal insulation and decoration according to claim 5, characterized in that, In S3, before grouting, an air venting and fullness check hole is drilled at the highest point of the hollow area (13). During grouting, grouting is carried out row by row in the order from bottom to top. The grouting pressure is 0.2-0.5MPa, the effective diffusion radius of single hole grouting is ≥300mm, and grouting is stopped when the air venting and fullness check hole continuously flows out uniform pure grout without bubbles and grout comes out of the adjacent anchoring hole. The composite grouting anchoring component is installed, and the locking nut (9) is tightened so that the expansion sleeve is radially expanded and anchored to the base wall. During the grouting and curing process, the locking nut is kept in a locked state and no secondary tightening is required.

9. The method for graded treatment of exterior wall defects and integrated construction of thermal insulation and decoration according to claim 5, characterized in that, The spacing of the anchor holes described in S3 is 300-500mm, and the drilling depth is based on penetrating the insulation layer and entering the base wall 20-30mm deep.

10. The method for graded treatment of exterior wall defects and integrated construction of thermal insulation and decoration according to claim 5, characterized in that, The quality inspection and acceptance standards described in S5 are as follows: no new thermal defects are found upon infrared thermal imaging re-inspection; the tensile bearing capacity of the anchor is ≥0.30kN and the pull-out strength of the base layer is ≥0.10MPa; the appearance inspection shows that the board seams are uniform, without warping or color difference.

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