A controllable blowout preventer for coal mine gas (oil and gas) and system

Abstract

A kind of coal mine gas (oil and gas) controllable blowout preventer and system, belong to drilling blowout preventer technical field, including coaxial connection's storage closed assembly, controllable sealing assembly and blowout sealing assembly, storage closed assembly includes storage unit and tight sealing unit, storage unit is connected with extraction pipeline and liquid gas separation and slag conveying device;Blowout sealing assembly includes reusable hole sealing anchoring structure and reusable hole sealing device.Through setting storage closed assembly, controllable sealing assembly and blowout sealing assembly three layers coaxial protection structure, if oil and gas abnormal gushing occurs in the process of drilling rod drilling, each layer protection structure acts in turn, cooperates, forms redundancy protection mechanism.Even if a layer sealing fails in extreme conditions, the remaining levels can still effectively block the oil and gas gushing path, greatly improve the impact resistance and reliability of blowout preventer system, solve the problem that existing blowout preventer system structure is single and lacks redundancy protection, so that exploration drilling work can be smoothly and safely carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of borehole blowout prevention technology, specifically relating to a controllable blowout prevention device and system for coal mine gas (oil and gas). Background Technology

[0002] Abnormal outbursts of oil and gas from surrounding rocks have become a new, hidden geological factor affecting the safe and efficient production of coal-oil-gas coexisting mines. Exploration and extraction of oil and gas are crucial for the scientific and effective prevention and control of these hazards. A reliable blowout preventer system is essential for ensuring smooth and safe exploration drilling operations. Current technologies, in terms of system connection methods, pressure resistance, sealing performance, sealing methods, drainage capacity, and emergency response, are inadequate to handle the instantaneous, large-scale, and high-intensity outbursts of oil and gas from surrounding rocks, easily leading to system damage and exceeding environmental gas limits. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a controllable blowout prevention device and system for coal mine gas (oil and gas). Through the rational design of the component structure, it solves the problems of existing blowout prevention systems in terms of structural strength, sealing performance, and emergency response when oil and gas in the surrounding rock surge instantaneously, in large quantities, and with high intensity, which can easily lead to system damage and excessive environmental gas levels.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention includes:

[0005] A controllable blowout prevention device for coal mine gas (oil and gas) includes a storage sealing component, a controllable sealing component, and a sealing hole sealing component coaxially connected. The storage sealing component includes a storage unit and a clamping sealing unit arranged along its axial direction. The storage unit is connected to the controllable sealing component and externally connected to an extraction pipeline and a liquid-gas separation and slag conveying device. The sealing hole sealing component includes a reusable sealing hole anchoring structure and a reusable sealing hole device arranged along its axial direction. The reusable sealing hole anchoring structure is connected to the controllable sealing component.

[0006] Preferably, the enclosed unit includes an outer cylinder, one end of which is fitted with a baffle. A sliding sleeve is installed inside the outer cylinder near the baffle. A rubber cup is fitted between the outer wall of the sliding sleeve and the inner wall of the outer cylinder near the baffle. A rubber locking ring is fitted between the outer wall of the sliding sleeve and the inner wall of the outer cylinder away from the baffle. A track inner cylinder is coaxially installed at the end of the sliding sleeve away from the baffle. A closed bearing is installed at the end of the track inner cylinder away from the sliding sleeve, and a compression rubber is installed on the side of the closed bearing away from the track inner cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the storage unit includes a seamless steel pipe, with an exhaust port on one side of the upper part and a discharge port on the lower part, and both the exhaust port and the discharge port are connected to the inner cavity of the seamless steel pipe. The exhaust port is connected to the extraction pipeline. The connection end between the seamless steel pipe and the sealing unit is provided with a sealing unit connection buckle that matches one end of the outer cylinder and the baffle structure. It also includes a connecting pipe that coaxially connects the seamless steel pipe and the controllable sealing assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid-gas separation and slag conveying device includes a separator shell, a liquid-gas separation cylinder is provided on the upper part of one side of the separator shell, an inlet is provided on the outer side of the liquid-gas separation cylinder to connect its inner cavity with the discharge port, an outlet is provided on the upper part of the liquid-gas separation cylinder to connect its inner cavity with the extraction pipeline, an outlet is provided on the lower part of the liquid-gas separation cylinder inside the separator shell, and a pneumatic butterfly valve is provided at the outlet; a hoist is also provided inside the separator shell, and the outlet is located directly above the bottom track of the hoist; a weighing tray is also provided on the outer side of the separator shell, and the upper outlet of the hoist extends out of the outer side of the separator shell and is located directly above the weighing tray; at least one water outlet is provided on the middle side wall of the separator shell.

[0009] Preferably, the air outlet is connected to the extraction pipeline via a first high-pressure hose, and the exhaust outlet is connected to the extraction pipeline via a second high-pressure hose.

[0010] Preferably, the controllable sealing assembly includes a main body shell, with through holes on two vertical surfaces for the drill rod to pass through, and one through hole of the main body shell being sealed to a connecting pipe; caps are fixedly installed on both sides of the main body shell, and two opposing crescent plates are movably installed inside the main body shell, with an arc-shaped groove on the opposite side of the crescent plates. The crescent plates are arranged on both sides of the drill rod along the radial direction of the drill rod, and screws are installed on the opposite sides of the crescent plates, with the screws passing through the caps. A lifting nut is rotatably installed on the outside of the screws, and the lifting nut is axially limited to the cap.

[0011] Preferably, the reusable sealing device includes a rubber tube and an inner cylinder nested within the inner circumference of the rubber tube, with one end of the inner cylinder extending out of the rubber tube and engaging with one end of the rubber tube. A floating ring is installed at the engagement position between the rubber tube and the inner cylinder. The other end of the inner cylinder extends out of the rubber tube, and a water inlet pipe is fitted onto the outer side of the inner cylinder. A clamping ring is provided between the water inlet pipe and the rubber tube.

[0012] Preferably, the reusable sealing and anchoring structure includes an anchoring sleeve, with a connecting pipe at one end of the anchoring sleeve facing the reusable sealing device. The connecting pipe is sealed to another through hole of the main body shell, and the other end of the anchoring sleeve is threadedly sealed to the extension end of the inner cylinder. A fixing ring is fitted around one end of the anchoring sleeve, and one side of the fixing ring abuts against the other end of the connecting pipe. A threaded cylinder is installed on the other side of the fixing ring, and a push cylinder is engaged inside the threaded cylinder. At least three first support claws are rotatably mounted on the extension end of the push cylinder, and a second support claw is rotatably mounted on the other end of any one of the first support claws. The other end of the second support claw is rotatably connected to the anchoring sleeve.

[0013] A controllable blowout prevention system for coal mine gas (oil and gas) includes a monitoring and control system and the controllable blowout prevention device for coal mine gas (oil and gas) disclosed in this application. The monitoring and control system includes a control cabinet and two methane sensors, a pressure sensor, a pressure gauge, a ball valve, a power failure protector, and a touch screen connected to the control cabinet. A methane sensor interface, a pressure sensor interface, and a pressure gauge interface are provided on a seamless steel pipe, which are respectively connected to the methane sensor, the pressure sensor, and the pressure gauge. Another methane sensor is located in the construction site space to detect the ambient methane concentration.

[0014] Preferably, the control cabinet and the weighing tray are electrically connected via a weighing sensor, and the control cabinet and the pneumatic butterfly valve are electrically connected via a pneumatic butterfly valve controller.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: (1) The present invention provides a controllable blowout prevention device and system for coal mine gas (oil and gas). By setting up a three-layer coaxial protective structure consisting of a storage sealing component, a controllable sealing component, and a hole sealing component, if an abnormal outflow of oil and gas occurs during the drilling process, each layer of protective structure will act sequentially and cooperate to form a redundant protection mechanism. Even if a certain layer of seal fails under extreme working conditions, the other layers can still effectively block the outflow path of oil and gas, which greatly improves the impact resistance and reliability of the blowout prevention system, solves the problem of the existing blowout prevention system having a single structure and lacking redundant protection, and enables exploration drilling work to be carried out smoothly and safely.

[0016] (2) The controllable blowout prevention device and system for coal mine gas (oil and gas) of the present invention adopts a reusable opening and closing structure of sliding sleeve and rubber cup in the clamping sealing unit. When gas outburst occurs, the sliding sleeve is driven by air pressure to make the rubber cup quickly contract and clamp the drill rod, which has a fast response speed. After the alarm is cleared, it can be reset by reverse pressure without replacing the sealing parts, realizing the reusability of the sealing structure and reducing maintenance costs. At the same time, the setting of the sealed bearing and the extrusion rubber ensures that the drill rod can still rotate normally in the sealed state, without affecting the continuity of drilling operations.

[0017] (3) The coal mine gas (oil and gas) controllable blowout prevention device and system of the present invention adopts a crescent plate structure arranged oppositely in the controllable sealing component. The operator can manually turn the screw to control the opening and closing degree of the crescent plate according to the gas outflow situation to achieve "controllable" sealing. It can quickly close and block the upward flow of oil and gas when the outflow is large, and can gradually open after the pressure drops to achieve controllable discharge, thus avoiding the safety risks caused by complete pressure buildup.

[0018] (4) The present invention provides a controllable blowout prevention device and system for coal mine gas (oil and gas), which realizes the three-phase separation treatment of gas (oil and gas), liquid and solid drill cuttings. The separated gas is safely discharged through the extraction pipeline, the solid coal cuttings are automatically transported to the weighing tray by the hoist for real-time weighing, and the liquid is discharged from the outlet. The whole process does not require manual intervention, which significantly improves the automation and safety of drill cuttings treatment.

[0019] (5) The present invention provides a controllable blowout prevention device and system for coal mine gas (oil and gas). The reusable sealing device and the reusable sealing anchoring structure are both designed to be recyclable. The rubber tube can be taken out and reused after it is filled with water to expand and seal, and then drained and shrunk. The support claw is driven by a thread to pop out and retract. The anchoring and unanchoring operations are simple, which reduces the cost of use and improves the efficiency of underground operations.

[0020] (6) The present invention provides a controllable blowout prevention device and system for coal mine gas (oil and gas). It uses a methane sensor and a pressure sensor to monitor the methane concentration and pressure changes in the borehole in real time. When the detected value reaches a preset warning value, the control cabinet automatically triggers a ball valve and a power-off protector for rapid response. Compared with existing technologies that rely solely on passive blowout prevention, the present invention achieves high-precision, low-delay active identification of gas-bearing strata, enabling blowout prevention preparations to be initiated before an abnormal oil and gas outburst actually occurs. This effectively reduces the amount of oil and gas ejected, further ensuring the construction safety of downhole exploration boreholes. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a front view of the storage enclosure assembly, blowout preventer assembly, and controllable sealing assembly of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the enclosed storage component; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the storage cell. Figure 5 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the central clamping sealing unit; Figure 6 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the controllable sealing assembly; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure; Figure 8 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a reusable sealing anchoring structure. Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure; Figure 10 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a reusable sealing device; Figure 11 for Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the controllable blowout prevention device for coal mine gas (oil and gas) of the present invention; Figure 13 for Figure 12 A cross-sectional structural diagram of the liquid-gas separation and slag conveying device.

[0022] In the picture: 1. Storage enclosure assembly; 11. Storage unit; 111. Seamless steel pipe; 112. Vent; 113. Discharge port; 114. Connecting pipe; 115. Enclosure unit connecting buckle; 12. Clamping sealing unit; 121. Baffle; 122. Rubber cup; 123. Rubber locking ring; 124. Enclosed bearing; 125. Sliding sleeve; 126. Track inner cylinder; 127. Extruded rubber; 128. Outer cylinder; 2. Sealing assembly; 21. Reusable sealing anchoring structure; 211. Connecting pipe; 212. Fixing ring; 213. Threaded cylinder; 2130. Handle; 214. Push cylinder; 215. First support claw; 216. Second support claw; 217. 22 Anchor sleeve; 22 Reusable sealing device; 221 Floating ring; 222 Rubber sleeve; 223 Inner cylinder; 224 Pressing ring; 225 Water inlet pipe; 3 Controllable sealing assembly; 301 Main body shell; 302 Cap; 303 Crescent plate; 304 Screw; 305 Lifting nut; 4 Liquid-gas separation and slag conveying device; 401 Liquid-gas separation cylinder; 4011 Feed inlet; 4012 Air outlet; 4013 Discharge outlet; 402 Pneumatic butterfly valve; 403 Separator shell; 404 Elevator; 405 Weighing tray; 406 Water outlet; 5 Extraction pipeline; 501 First high-pressure hose; 502 Second high-pressure hose. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. All equivalent modifications made based on the technical solutions of this application fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0024] It should be noted that the directional terms mentioned in this document, such as "inner cavity," "inner circumference," "inner wall," and "outer side," are consistent with the specific directions on the paper in the accompanying drawings or the corresponding directions of the space shown in the drawings; all components and devices in this invention, unless otherwise specified, are components and devices known in the prior art.

[0025] This application discloses a controllable blowout prevention device for coal mine gas (oil and gas), including a storage sealing assembly 1, a controllable sealing assembly 3, and a blowout prevention sealing assembly 2 coaxially connected. The storage sealing assembly 1 includes a storage unit 11 and a clamping sealing unit 12 arranged along its axial direction. The storage unit 11 is connected to the controllable sealing assembly 3, and the storage unit 11 is externally connected to an extraction pipeline 5 and a liquid-gas separation and slag conveying device 4. The blowout prevention sealing assembly 2 includes a reusable sealing anchor structure 21 and a reusable sealing device 22 arranged along its axial direction. The reusable sealing anchor structure 21 is connected to the controllable sealing assembly 3. Its function is as follows: The device is composed of three core components coaxially connected, including the top storage sealing component 1, the middle controllable sealing component 3, and the bottom sealing component 2; the storage sealing component is further divided into two parts: storage unit 11 and clamping sealing unit 12. The storage unit 11 is responsible for temporarily storing the gushing oil and gas and performing preliminary treatment, while the clamping sealing unit 12 provides the first sealing barrier. The storage unit 11 is also connected to the external extraction pipeline 5 and the liquid-gas separation and slag conveying device 4 to form a complete oil and gas processing channel; the sealing component 2 includes a reusable sealing anchoring structure 21 and a reusable sealing device 22. The sealing anchoring structure 21 is used to fix the entire device in the borehole, and the sealing device 22 is used to seal the bottom of the borehole. The entire system is formed by the coaxial arrangement of three layers: the storage sealing component 1, the controllable sealing component 3 in the middle, and the sealing component 2 at the bottom. This creates a multi-layered blowout protection system, which ensures that even if one layer of the blowout prevention structure fails under extreme conditions, the other layers of sealing structure can still function, achieving redundant protection against blowouts. At the same time, the storage unit 11 is connected to the external extraction pipeline 5 and the liquid-gas separation and slag conveying device 4, so that the gushing oil and gas can be discharged and processed in a timely manner, preventing pressure from continuously accumulating inside the device.

[0026] Specifically, the enclosed unit 12 includes an outer cylinder 128, a baffle 121 is installed at one end of the outer cylinder 128, a sliding sleeve 125 is installed inside the outer cylinder 128 near the baffle 121, a rubber cup 122 is fitted between the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 125 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 128 near the baffle 121, a rubber locking ring 123 is fitted between the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 125 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 128 away from the baffle 121, a track inner cylinder 126 is coaxially installed at the end of the sliding sleeve 125 away from the baffle 121, a closed bearing 124 is installed at the end of the track inner cylinder 126 away from the sliding sleeve 125, and a compression rubber 127 is installed on the side of the closed bearing 124 away from the track inner cylinder 126. Its functions are as follows: In the initial state, the rubber cup 122 is in the open state and is supported by the sliding sleeve 125, allowing the drill rod to pass normally; when a gas outburst occurs, the air inlet pushes the sliding sleeve 125 to move, causing the rubber cup 122 to immediately contract and tighten around the drill rod, achieving a sealing effect with a fast response speed; after the gas alarm is cleared, the air inlet at the rear end pressurizes the sliding sleeve 125 to move in the opposite direction, opening the rubber cup 122 again, enabling reuse and reducing maintenance costs; the inner cylinder 126 provides a displacement path for the sliding sleeve 125 and achieves sealing, the sealed bearing 124 is used to support the drill rod, ensuring that the drill rod can still rotate in the sealed state without affecting the continuity of drilling operations, and the extrusion rubber 127 can further rotate and extrude the drill rod to form a third layer of sealing.

[0027] Specifically, the storage unit 11 includes a seamless steel pipe 111, with an exhaust port 112 on one side of the upper part and a discharge port 113 on the lower part. Both the exhaust port 112 and the discharge port 113 are connected to the inner cavity of the seamless steel pipe 111. The exhaust port 112 is connected to the extraction pipeline 5. The connection end between the seamless steel pipe 111 and the sealing unit 12 is provided with a sealing unit connection buckle 115 that matches the structure of one end of the outer cylinder 128 and the baffle 121 to ensure that the two can be sealed together. It also includes a connecting pipe 114 that coaxially connects the seamless steel pipe 111 and the controllable sealing assembly 3. Its functions are as follows: the exhaust port 112 and the discharge port 113 are respectively set at the upper and lower parts of the seamless steel pipe 111. Utilizing the physical characteristics of gas rising and solid sinking in the oil-gas mixture, the initial separation of oil-gas and drill cuttings is achieved. Part of the gas is discharged from the upper exhaust port 112 and enters the extraction pipeline 5, while the other part of the gas mixed with solid drill cuttings and liquid is discharged from the lower discharge port 113 and enters the liquid-gas separation and slag conveying device 4 for further separation and collection. The design of the closed unit connecting buckle 115 ensures a reliable sealed connection between the storage unit 11 and the closed unit 12. The connecting pipe 114 realizes the coaxial connection between the storage unit 11 and the controllable sealing assembly 3, ensuring the centering of the drill pipe when it passes through the entire device.

[0028] Specifically, the liquid-gas separation and slag conveying device 4 includes a separator shell 403. A liquid-gas separation cylinder 401 is located on the upper part of one side of the separator shell 403. An inlet 4011 is located on the outer side of the liquid-gas separation cylinder 401, connecting its inner cavity to the discharge port 113. Another portion of the material, consisting of a mixture of gas, solid drill cuttings, and liquid, enters the liquid-gas separation cylinder 401 through the inlet 4011. An outlet 4012 is located at the upper part of the liquid-gas separation cylinder 401, connecting its inner cavity to the extraction pipeline 5. Gas in the material is discharged through the outlet 4012. An outlet 4013 is located at the lower part of the liquid-gas separation cylinder 401 within the separator shell 403. A pneumatic butterfly valve 402 is installed at 4013 to control material discharge; a hoist 404 is also installed inside the separator housing 403, with the discharge port 4013 located directly above the bottom track of the hoist 404; a weighing tray 405 is also installed on the outside of the separator housing 403, with the upper outlet of the hoist 404 extending out of the outside of the separator housing 403 and located directly above the weighing tray 405. Solid materials such as coal slag are lifted by the hoist 404 and discharged from the top outlet to the weighing tray 405 on the outside of the separator housing 403 for weighing; at least one water outlet 406 is provided on the middle side wall of the separator housing 403 for discharging liquid from the material; Its function is as follows: the liquid-gas separator 401 can separate gas from coal slag and liquid. The gas is discharged through the gas outlet 4012, while the coal slag is discharged through the bottom and moved to the weighing tray 405 by the hoist 404 for weighing. The liquid accumulated in the liquid-gas separator 401 is discharged through the water outlet 406 to prevent the liquid from accumulating in the liquid-gas separator 401.

[0029] Specifically, the air outlet 4012 is connected to the extraction pipeline 5 through the first high-pressure hose 501, and the exhaust outlet 112 is connected to the extraction pipeline 5 through the second high-pressure hose 502. Its function is as follows: the gases separated from both parts are sent to the extraction pipeline 5 through the high-pressure hose. The high-pressure hose has excellent flexibility and pressure resistance.

[0030] Specifically, the controllable sealing assembly 3 includes a main body shell 301. The main body shell 301 has through holes on two vertical surfaces for the drill rod to pass through. One through hole of the main body shell 301 is sealed to the connecting pipe 114. Caps 302 are fixedly installed on both sides of the main body shell 301. Two opposing crescent plates 303 are movably installed inside the main body shell 301. The opposite side of the crescent plates 303 is provided with an arc-shaped groove. The crescent plates 303 are arranged on both sides of the drill rod along the radial direction of the drill rod. A screw 304 is installed on the opposite side of the crescent plates 303. The screw 304 passes through the cap 302. A lifting nut 305 is rotatably installed on the outside of the screw 304. The lifting nut 305 and the cap 302 are axially limited and connected. Its function is as follows: Under normal conditions, the crescent plate 303 is in the open state. When a gas outburst occurs, the screw 304 needs to be manually turned to close the crescent plate 303, so as to achieve the purpose of controllable sealing. When the crescent plate 303 is closed, the crescent plate 303 and the drill pipe are not completely sealed, which restricts the gas discharge. When the gas outburst is no longer occurring, the crescent plate 303 can be gradually opened to allow the gas to be discharged gradually. The whole system can quickly close and block the upward passage of oil and gas when a gas outburst occurs, and can also gradually open after the pressure decreases to achieve controllable discharge. The operation is simple and reliable, and it is suitable for complex downhole conditions.

[0031] Specifically, the reusable sealing device 22 includes a rubber tube 222 and an inner tube 223 nested inside the rubber tube 222. One end of the inner tube 223 extends out of the rubber tube 222 and engages with one end of the rubber tube 222. A floating ring 221 is installed at the engagement position of the rubber tube 222 and the inner tube 223. The other end of the inner tube 223 extends out of the rubber tube 222. A water inlet pipe 225 is fitted on the outside of the inner tube 223. A clamping ring 224 is provided between the water inlet pipe 225 and the rubber tube 222. Its functions are as follows: after the rubber sleeve 222 expands with water, it fits tightly against the inner wall of the borehole, forming a reliable bottom seal; the design of the floating ring 221 allows the rubber sleeve 222 to extend freely during expansion, ensuring full expansion without restriction; after the water is drained, the rubber sleeve 222 shrinks back to its original shape and can be removed from the borehole for reuse, reducing operating costs; the double fixing structure of the water inlet pipe 225 and the clamping ring 224 ensures the stability of the rubber sleeve 222 during operation. The entire system achieves a seal at the bottom of the borehole through water expansion and is reusable.

[0032] Specifically, the reusable sealing and anchoring structure 21 includes an anchoring sleeve 217. One end of the anchoring sleeve 217 facing the reusable sealing device 22 is provided with a connecting pipe 211. The connecting pipe 211 is sealed to another through hole of the main body shell 301. The other end of the anchoring sleeve 217 is threadedly sealed to the extension end of the inner cylinder 223. A fixing ring 212 is fitted around one end of the anchoring sleeve 217, and one side of the fixing ring 212 abuts against the other end of the connecting pipe 211. A threaded cylinder 213 is installed on the other side of the fixing ring 212. A push cylinder 214 is snapped into the inner side of the threaded cylinder 213. At least three first support claws 215 are rotatably installed around the extension end of the push cylinder 214. A second support claw 216 is rotatably installed at the other end of any one of the first support claws 215. The other end of the second support claw 216 is rotatably connected to the anchoring sleeve 217. Its function is as follows: through the cooperation of the threaded cylinder 213 and the push cylinder 214, rotating the threaded cylinder 213 can drive the support claw to pop out, which is simple to operate; the first support claw 215 and the second support claw 216 form a linkage mechanism, which engages with the hole wall after popping out to form a reliable anchoring force. At the same time, the support claws are evenly distributed along the circumference, so the force is uniform and the anchoring is stable; the whole device achieves reliable fixation in the borehole, and can be reused. After the device is used, the support claws can be retracted, which is convenient to remove from the borehole.

[0033] This application also discloses a controllable blowout prevention system for coal mine gas (oil and gas), including a monitoring and control system and a controllable blowout prevention device for coal mine gas (oil and gas) as described in claim 8. The monitoring and control system includes a control cabinet and two methane sensors, a pressure sensor, a pressure gauge, a power failure protector, and a touch screen connected to the control cabinet. A methane sensor interface, a pressure sensor interface, and a pressure gauge interface are provided on the seamless steel pipe 111, which are respectively connected to the methane sensor, the pressure sensor, and the pressure gauge. Another methane sensor is installed in the construction site space to detect the ambient methane concentration. Its functions are as follows: the methane sensor and pressure sensor can monitor the methane concentration and pressure changes in the borehole in real time. When the detected value reaches the preset warning value, the system automatically triggers the ball valve and power failure protector through the control cabinet to quickly cut off possible oil and gas flow paths; the touch screen serves as the human-machine interface, allowing operators to view monitoring data and adjust system parameters in real time. Specifically, the control cabinet is electrically connected to the weighing tray 405 via a weighing sensor, and the control cabinet is electrically connected to the pneumatic butterfly valve 402 via a pneumatic butterfly valve controller. Its function is to realize the automated control of the liquid-gas separation and slag conveying process by incorporating the weighing tray 405 and the pneumatic butterfly valve 402 into the control system.

[0034] Example like Figures 1-13 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a controllable blowout prevention system for coal mine gas (oil and gas), including a storage sealing component 1, a blowout prevention sealing component 2, and a controllable sealing component 3. The storage sealing component 1 is fixedly installed at the top of the controllable sealing component 3, and the blowout prevention sealing component 2 is fixedly installed at the bottom.

[0035] (1) Structure and working principle of storage enclosure component 1: The storage enclosure assembly 1 includes a storage unit 11 and a clamping sealing unit 12. The main body of the storage unit 11 is a seamless steel pipe 111 with a diameter of 500 mm and a wall thickness of 4 mm. An exhaust port 112 is provided on the upper side of the seamless steel pipe 111, and a discharge port 113 is provided on the lower side. Both the exhaust port 112 and the discharge port 113 are connected to the inner cavity of the seamless steel pipe 111. The exhaust port 112 is connected to the extraction pipeline 5 via a second high-pressure hose 502, and a portion of the gas is transported to the extraction pipeline 5 through the second high-pressure hose 502. A sealing unit connecting buckle 115 is provided at the connection end between the seamless steel pipe 111 and the enclosure unit 12. This connecting buckle is structurally compatible with one end of the outer cylinder 128 and the baffle 121. The seamless steel pipe 111 is coaxially connected to the controllable sealing assembly 3 via a connecting pipe 114.

[0036] The clamping sealing unit 12 includes an outer cylinder 128, with a baffle 121 installed at one end of the outer cylinder 128. A sliding sleeve 125 is installed inside the outer cylinder 128 near the baffle 121. A rubber cup 122 is fitted between the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 125 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 128 near the baffle 121, and a rubber locking ring 123 is fitted away from the baffle 121. A track inner cylinder 126 is coaxially installed at the end of the sliding sleeve 125 away from the baffle 121. A sealed bearing 124 is installed at the end of the track inner cylinder 126 away from the sliding sleeve 125, and a compression rubber 127 is installed on the side of the sealed bearing 124 away from the track inner cylinder 126.

[0037] The working process of the sealing unit 12 is as follows: Initially, the rubber cup 122 is in the open state, supported by the sliding sleeve 125, allowing the drill rod to pass normally. When a gas outburst occurs, the sliding sleeve 125 is displaced through the air inlet, causing the rubber cup 122 to immediately contract and clamp the drill rod, achieving a sealing effect. After the gas alarm is cleared, pressure is applied through the rear air inlet, causing the sliding sleeve 125 to move in the opposite direction, reopening the rubber cup 122 and restoring normal drill rod passage. The compression rubber 127 can be manually operated to ensure a tight fit with the drill rod, serving as a third layer of protection.

[0038] Structure and working principle of controllable sealing assembly 3: The controllable sealing assembly 3 includes a main housing 301. Both vertical surfaces of the main housing 301 have through holes for the drill rod to pass through, one of which is sealed to the connecting pipe 114. Caps 302 are fixedly installed on both sides of the main housing 301. Two opposing crescent-shaped plates 303 are movably installed inside the main housing 301. Each crescent-shaped plate 303 has an arc-shaped groove on its opposite side and is arranged along the radial direction of the drill rod on both sides. A screw 304 is installed on the opposite side of the crescent-shaped plates 303, passing through the caps 302. A lifting nut 305 is rotatably installed on the outside of the screw 304, and the lifting nut 305 is axially limited and connected to the caps 302.

[0039] The working process of the controllable sealing assembly 3 is as follows: Under normal conditions, the crescent plate 303 is in the open state. When a gas outburst occurs, the operator manually turns the screw 304, causing the crescent plate 303 to move radially towards the drill pipe and clamp onto the drill pipe, blocking the upward passage of oil and gas. The crescent plate 303 and the drill pipe are not completely sealed, allowing limited gas discharge. When the gas outburst ceases, the screw 304 can be turned in the opposite direction to gradually open the controllable sealing assembly, allowing the gas to gradually discharge.

[0040] Structure and working principle of sealing assembly 2: The sealing assembly 2 includes a reusable sealing anchor structure 21 and a reusable sealing device 22.

[0041] The reusable sealing device 22 includes a rubber tube 222 and an inner tube 223 nested within the inner circumference of the rubber tube 222. One end of the inner tube 223 extends out of the rubber tube 222 and engages with one end of the rubber tube 222, with a floating ring 221 installed at the engagement position. The other end of the inner tube 223 extends out of the rubber tube 222, and a water inlet pipe 225 is fitted onto its outer side. A clamping ring 224 is provided between the water inlet pipe 225 and the rubber tube 222. During operation, water is injected into the rubber tube 222 through the water inlet pipe 225. After the rubber tube 222 expands, it fits tightly against the inner wall of the borehole, achieving a seal. The floating ring 221 shifts as the rubber tube 222 expands, ensuring that the rubber tube 222 expands fully. The clamping ring 224 clamps and locks the rubber tube 222 in place.

[0042] The reusable sealing and anchoring structure 21 includes an anchoring sleeve 217. One end of the anchoring sleeve 217 facing the reusable sealing device 22 has a connecting pipe 211, which is sealed to another through-hole of the main housing 301. The other end of the anchoring sleeve 217 is threadedly sealed to the extension end of the inner cylinder 223. A fixing ring 212 is fitted around one end of the anchoring sleeve 217. One side of the fixing ring 212 abuts against the other end of the connecting pipe 211, and a threaded cylinder 213 is installed on the other side. A push cylinder 214 is engaged inside the threaded cylinder 213. At least three first support claws 215 are rotatably mounted on the extension end of the push cylinder 214. A second support claw 216 is rotatably mounted on the other end of each first support claw 215, and the other end of the second support claw 216 is rotatably connected to the anchoring sleeve 217. During operation, rotating the threaded cylinder 213 causes the pusher cylinder 214 to shift, squeezing the first support claw 215, causing the first support claw 215 and the second support claw 216 to pop out and engage with the hole wall, thus achieving anchoring.

[0043] Structure and working principle of liquid-gas separation and slag conveying device 4: The liquid-gas separation and slag conveying device 4 includes a separator housing 403, with a liquid-gas separation cylinder 401 located on the upper part of one side of the separator housing 403. The liquid-gas separation cylinder 401 has an inlet 4011 on its outer side, connected to a discharge port 113; an outlet 4012 at its upper part, connected to an extraction pipeline 5 via a first high-pressure hose 501; and a discharge port 4013 at its lower part, with a pneumatic butterfly valve 402 installed at the discharge port 4013. A hoist 404 is also installed inside the separator housing 403, with the discharge port 4013 located directly above the bottom track of the hoist 404. A weighing tray 405 is located on the outer side of the separator housing 403, with the upper outlet of the hoist 404 extending directly above the weighing tray 405. At least one water outlet 406 is located on the middle side wall of the separator housing 403.

[0044] During operation, the solid-liquid-gas mixture from discharge port 113 enters the liquid-gas separator 401 through inlet 4011. Methane gas is discharged from the upper outlet 4012 via the first high-pressure hose 501 to the extraction pipeline 5. Solids such as coal slag fall through discharge port 4013 into the bottom track of the elevator 404, where they are lifted to the top outlet and discharged onto the weighing tray 405 for weighing. Liquid is discharged from outlet 406. The control cabinet is electrically connected to the weighing tray 405 via a weighing sensor to display weighing data in real time; it is also electrically connected to the pneumatic butterfly valve 402 via a pneumatic butterfly valve controller to control the discharge.

[0045] This embodiment of the system also includes a monitoring and control system, which includes a control cabinet and two methane sensors, a pressure sensor, a pressure gauge, a ball valve, a power failure protector, and a touch screen connected to the control cabinet. The seamless steel pipe 111 is equipped with a methane sensor interface, a pressure sensor interface, and a pressure gauge interface, which are respectively connected to the methane sensor, pressure sensor, and pressure gauge; the other methane sensor is used to detect the ambient methane content.

[0046] During operation, methane and pressure sensors monitor methane concentration and pressure changes within the borehole in real time. When the detected values ​​reach preset warning thresholds, the control cabinet automatically triggers the ball valve and power-off protector to quickly cut off any potential oil and gas flow paths.

[0047] The overall assembly and usage method of the system in this embodiment: Insert the sealing assembly 2 into the borehole. Rotate the threaded cylinder 213 to eject the first support claw 215 and the second support claw 216, which then engage with the borehole wall, anchoring the device in the borehole. Inject water into the rubber sleeve 222 through the water inlet pipe 225 to expand it, allowing it to fit tightly against the inner wall of the borehole, thus fixing the blowout preventer sealing assembly 2 in the borehole.

[0048] Connect the controllable sealing assembly 3 to the blowout preventer assembly 2 via a flange, ensuring that the crescent plate 303 is in the open position. Finally, install the storage sealing assembly 1, connecting the seamless steel pipe 111 to the top flange of the controllable sealing assembly 3 via the connecting pipe 114. Connect the extraction pipeline 5 and the outlet 4012 of the liquid-gas separator 401 via the first high-pressure hose 501 and the second high-pressure hose 502, respectively. Install a methane sensor, a pressure sensor, and a pressure gauge on the seamless steel pipe 111.

[0049] The monitoring and control system is activated, with methane and pressure sensors monitoring borehole parameters in real time. When abnormal oil and gas outbursts are detected, the control cabinet triggers the ball valve and power failure protector. Simultaneously, the operator manually turns screw 304 to close crescent plate 303, blocking the upward flow of oil and gas. The operator also manually pushes and compresses rubber 127 to ensure a tight seal with the drill pipe, forming a third seal. The outburst oil and gas are buffered by storage unit 11 and then enter the liquid-gas separation and slag conveying device 4 for separation and processing, achieving fully controllable blowout prevention.

[0050] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0051] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, this disclosure will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0052] Furthermore, the various implementation methods disclosed in this solution can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of this disclosure, they should also be regarded as the content invented by this disclosure.

Claims

1. A controllable blowout prevention device for coal mine gas (oil and gas), characterized in that, It includes a storage enclosure assembly (1), a controllable sealing assembly (3), and a sealing assembly (2) connected coaxially. The storage enclosure assembly (1) includes a storage unit (11) and a clamping sealing unit (12) arranged along its axial direction. The storage unit (11) is connected to the controllable sealing assembly (3), and the storage unit (11) is externally connected to an extraction pipeline (5) and a liquid-gas separation and slag conveying device (4). The sealing assembly (2) includes a reusable sealing anchor structure (21) and a reusable sealing device (22) arranged along its axial direction, the reusable sealing anchor structure (21) being connected to the controllable sealing assembly (3).

2. The controllable blowout prevention device for coal mine gas (oil and gas) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosed unit (12) includes an outer cylinder (128), a baffle (121) is installed at one end of the outer cylinder (128), a sliding sleeve (125) is installed inside the outer cylinder (128) on the side near the baffle (121), a rubber cup (122) is fitted between the outer wall of the sliding sleeve (125) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (128) near the baffle (121), a rubber locking ring (123) is fitted between the outer wall of the sliding sleeve (125) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (128) away from the baffle (121), a track inner cylinder (126) is coaxially installed at the end of the sliding sleeve (125) away from the baffle (121), a closed bearing (124) is installed at the end of the track inner cylinder (126) away from the sliding sleeve (125), and a compression rubber (127) is installed on the side of the closed bearing (124) away from the track inner cylinder (126).

3. The controllable blowout prevention device for coal mine gas (oil and gas) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The storage unit (11) includes a seamless steel pipe (111), with an exhaust port (112) on one side of the upper part and a discharge port (113) on one side of the lower part. Both the exhaust port (112) and the discharge port (113) are connected to the inner cavity of the seamless steel pipe (111). The exhaust port (112) is connected to the extraction pipeline (5). The seamless steel pipe (111) and the connection end of the closed unit (12) are provided with a closed unit connection buckle (115) that matches the structure of one end of the outer cylinder (128) and the baffle (121). It also includes a connecting pipe (114) that coaxially connects the seamless steel pipe (111) to the controllable sealing assembly (3).

4. The controllable blowout prevention device for coal mine gas (oil and gas) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid-gas separation and slag conveying device (4) includes a separator shell (403), a liquid-gas separation cylinder (401) is provided on the upper part of one side of the separator shell (403), an inlet (4011) is provided on the outside of the liquid-gas separation cylinder (401) to connect its inner cavity with the discharge port (113), and an outlet (4012) is provided on the upper part of the liquid-gas separation cylinder (401) to connect its inner cavity with the extraction pipeline (5). The liquid-gas separation cylinder (401) is located inside the separator shell (403). The lower part is provided with a discharge port (4013), and a pneumatic butterfly valve (402) is provided at the discharge port (4013); the separator housing (403) is also provided with a hoist (404), and the discharge port (4013) is located directly above the bottom track of the hoist (404); the outer side of the separator housing (403) is also provided with a weighing tray (405), and the upper outlet of the hoist (404) extends out of the outer side of the separator housing (403) and is located directly above the weighing tray (405); The separator housing (403) has at least one outlet (406) on the middle side wall.

5. The controllable blowout prevention device for coal mine gas (oil and gas) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air outlet (4012) is connected to the extraction pipeline (5) through a first high-pressure hose (501), and the exhaust port (112) is connected to the extraction pipeline (5) through a second high-pressure hose (502).

6. The controllable blowout prevention device for coal mine gas (oil and gas) according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, The controllable sealing assembly (3) includes a main body shell (301), and two vertical surfaces of the main body shell (301) are provided with through holes for the drill rod to pass through. One through hole of the main body shell (301) is sealed to the connecting pipe (114). Caps (302) are fixedly installed on both sides of the main body shell (301). Two opposing crescent plates (303) are movably installed inside the main body shell (301). An arc-shaped groove is provided on the opposite side of the crescent plates (303). The crescent plates (303) are arranged on both sides of the drill rod along the radial direction of the drill rod. A screw (304) is installed on the opposite side of the crescent plates (303). The screw (304) passes through the caps (302). A lifting nut (305) is rotatably installed on the outside of the screw (304). The lifting nut (305) and the cap (302) are connected in a limiting manner along their axial direction.

7. The controllable blowout prevention device for coal mine gas (oil and gas) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The reusable sealing device (22) includes a rubber tube (222) and an inner tube (223) nested inside the rubber tube (222). One end of the inner tube (223) extends out of the rubber tube (222) and engages with one end of the rubber tube (222). A floating ring (221) is installed at the engagement position of the rubber tube (222) and the inner tube (223). The other end of the inner tube (223) extends out of the rubber tube (222). A water inlet pipe (225) is fitted on the outside of the inner tube (223), and a clamping ring (224) is provided between the water inlet pipe (225) and the rubber tube (222).

8. The controllable blowout prevention device for coal mine gas (oil and gas) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reusable sealing and anchoring structure (21) includes an anchoring sleeve (217), with a connecting pipe (211) at one end of the anchoring sleeve (217) facing the reusable sealing device (22), the connecting pipe (211) being sealed to another through hole of the main body shell (301), and the other end of the anchoring sleeve (217) being threadedly sealed to the extension end of the inner cylinder (223); One end of the anchoring sleeve (217) is fitted with a fixing ring (212), and one side of the fixing ring (212) abuts against the other end of the connecting pipe (211). A threaded cylinder (213) is installed on the other side of the fixing ring (212). A push cylinder (214) is snapped into the inner side of the threaded cylinder (213). At least three first support claws (215) are rotatably installed on the extended end of the push cylinder (214), and a second support claw (216) is rotatably installed on the other end of any one of the first support claws (215). The other end of the second support claw (216) is rotatably connected to the anchoring sleeve (217).

9. A controllable blowout prevention system for coal mine gas (oil and gas), characterized in that, The system includes a monitoring and control system and a controllable blowout prevention device for coal mine gas (oil and gas) as described in claim 8. The monitoring and control system includes a control cabinet and two methane sensors, a pressure sensor, a pressure gauge, a ball valve, a power failure protector, and a touch screen that are connected to the control cabinet via signals. The seamless steel pipe (111) is provided with a methane sensor interface, a pressure sensor interface and a pressure gauge interface, which are respectively connected to the methane sensor, the pressure sensor and the pressure gauge; another methane sensor is installed in the construction site space to detect the ambient methane concentration.

10. The controllable blowout prevention device for coal mine gas (oil and gas) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The control cabinet is electrically connected to the weighing tray (405) via a weighing sensor, and the control cabinet is electrically connected to the pneumatic butterfly valve (402) via a pneumatic butterfly valve controller.

Images