Tunnel waterproof board fixing structure and mounting welding device

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel waterproof plate fixing structure and mounting welding device, relates to the waterproof plate welding installation field, and comprises a welding trolley, a rotary cantilever mechanism and a double-seam welding mechanism are arranged on the welding trolley, the rotary cantilever mechanism comprises a rotary main shaft, a gasket pre-melting assembly and a waterproof laying assembly, the waterproof laying assembly is used for laying geotextile or a waterproof plate on the inner wall of a tunnel, the gasket pre-melting assembly comprises pre-melting telescopic arms and a hot air shaft, the two ends of the hot air shaft are connected to the telescopic arms of the two pre-melting telescopic arms respectively, the fixed arm of the pre-melting telescopic arm is fixedly sleeved on the rotary main shaft, a plurality of hot air holes are formed in the side wall of the hot air shaft along the axial direction of the hot air shaft, the hot air holes are used for blowing hot air to hot-melt gaskets, so that the hot-melt gaskets are in a hot-melt state, and the double-seam welding mechanism comprises an arc-shaped track and a double-seam welding machine, a walking seat is arranged on the arc-shaped track, and the walking seat is connected to the double-seam welding machine through a hydraulic telescopic arm, so that the integrity and the sealing foundation of the waterproof layer are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waterproof membrane welding and installation, specifically to a tunnel waterproof membrane fixing structure and installation welding device. Background Technology

[0002] As my country's transportation infrastructure construction expands into deeper underground spaces, the waterproofing quality of tunnel projects directly determines the project's durability and operational safety. As a core component of the tunnel's flexible waterproofing system, the flatness of the waterproofing membrane's installation, its reliable fixing, and the sealing of its welds are crucial for preventing groundwater leakage. Currently, tunnel waterproofing membrane construction is gradually shifting from manual operation to mechanized work, but existing technologies still have many pain points that urgently need to be addressed. Early tunnel waterproofing membrane installation relied on manual scaffolding support, which was not only labor-intensive and inefficient (less than 30 meters laid per day), but also significantly affected by human factors: rough tension control of the waterproofing membrane easily led to wrinkling or excessive stretching; the bonding of the hot-melt lining to the waterproofing membrane relied on handheld equipment, resulting in uneven hot-melt, incomplete welds, and missed welds; simultaneously, manual welding was difficult to adapt to the curved cross-section of the tunnel, with a high risk of weld trajectory deviation, creating potential leakage hazards. Despite the emergence of automated welding and installation equipment such as compensated rotary laying trolleys and multi-functional waterproofing operation trolleys in recent years, key technological shortcomings still exist. Firstly, the current laying of the waterproofing membrane and the melting and bonding of the hot-melt lining are two separate steps. The waterproofing membrane is first laid on the geotextile, covering the hot-melt lining, and then the hot-melt lining is heated to melt and bond the geotextile to the waterproofing membrane. This results in the waterproofing membrane lacking any fixing measures during laying. Furthermore, the large cross-sectional dimensions of tunnels mean that the single laying length of the waterproofing membrane is long, making it prone to sagging due to its own weight. This can lead to the waterproofing membrane failing to adhere properly to the geotextile, resulting in wrinkles, gaps, and other quality problems, affecting the laying quality and consequently the sealing strength. Secondly, existing double-seam welding machines mostly use linear tracks, requiring multiple splicing operations to complete the circumferential weld of the tunnel, easily creating weak points at the joints. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a tunnel waterproof membrane fixing structure and installation welding device to solve the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0004] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a tunnel waterproof membrane fixing and welding device, comprising a welding trolley, wherein a rotary cantilever mechanism and a double-seam welding mechanism are provided on the welding trolley; the rotary cantilever mechanism includes a rotary main shaft, a liner pre-melting assembly, and a waterproof laying assembly; the waterproof laying assembly includes a laying telescopic arm and a laying shaft; the rotary main shaft is rotatably mounted on the welding trolley; both ends of the laying shaft are rotatably connected to the telescopic arms of two laying telescopic arms; the fixed arm of the laying telescopic arm is fixedly sleeved on the rotary main shaft; geotextile or waterproof membrane is wound around the laying shaft; and the liner pre-melting assembly includes... The system includes a pre-melting telescopic arm and a hot air shaft. The two ends of the hot air shaft are respectively connected to the telescopic arms of the two pre-melting telescopic arms. The fixed arm of the pre-melting telescopic arm is fixedly sleeved on the rotating main shaft. The side wall of the hot air shaft has several hot air holes along its own axial direction. The hot air holes are used to blow hot air onto the hot-melt lining to keep the hot-melt lining in a hot-melt state. The pre-melting telescopic arm and the laying telescopic arm are staggered around the circumference of the rotating main shaft. The double-seam welding mechanism includes an arc-shaped track and a double-seam welding machine. The arc-shaped track is fixedly installed on the welding trolley. A traveling seat is provided on the arc-shaped track. The traveling seat is connected to the double-seam welding machine through a hydraulic telescopic arm.

[0005] Furthermore, the laying telescopic arm includes a laying fixed arm and a laying movable arm. One end of the laying fixed arm is fixedly sleeved on the rotating main shaft, and the other end has a movable cavity. One end of the laying movable arm slides into the movable cavity, and the other end is connected to the laying shaft. A sliding seat and a pressure spring are provided in the movable cavity. The moving direction of the sliding seat is parallel to the telescopic direction of the laying movable arm, and the pressure spring is connected to the laying movable arm.

[0006] Furthermore, an encoder is installed at one end of the rotating spindle, a hydraulic rod is installed in the movable cavity, the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic rod is connected to a sliding seat, a pressure chamber is provided in the sliding seat, a pressure sensor is installed in the pressure chamber, a pressure plate is provided in the pressure chamber, the pressure plate contacts the pressure shaft of the pressure sensor, and the pressure plate contacts the inner wall of the pressure chamber, the sliding seat has a through hole communicating with the pressure chamber, and one end of the pressure spring passes through the through hole and connects to the pressure plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the pre-melted telescopic arm includes a large arm and a small arm. One end of the large arm is fixedly mounted on the rotating main shaft, and the other end is slidably fitted with the small arm. A large arm hydraulic rod is installed inside the large arm, and the telescopic shaft of the large arm hydraulic rod is connected to the small arm. The hot air shaft is connected to the small arm, and an infrared ranging sensor is installed at the end of the small arm away from the large arm.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotary cantilever mechanism also includes a pressure plate assembly, which includes a pressure plate upper arm, a pressure plate lower arm, and a pressure plate shaft. The rotary main shaft includes a central main shaft and a lateral main shaft. Lateral main shafts are coaxially arranged on both sides of the central main shaft. Both the lateral main shafts and the central main shaft are rotatably mounted on a welding trolley. The laying telescopic arm and the pre-melting telescopic arm are both fitted onto the lateral main shafts. Both ends of the pressure plate shaft are rotatably connected to pressure plate lower arms. The end of the pressure plate lower arm away from the pressure plate shaft is slidably fitted with a pressure plate upper arm. The pressure plate upper arm is fixedly fitted onto the central main shaft. A pressure plate hydraulic rod is installed inside the pressure plate upper arm. The telescopic shaft of the pressure plate hydraulic rod is connected to the pressure plate lower arm. The waterproof laying component is located between the pressure plate assembly and the gasket pre-melting component.

[0009] Furthermore, both ends of the pressure plate shaft are fixed with mounting shafts, which are rotatably connected to the pressure plate arm via bearings. One of the mounting shafts is coaxially fitted with a hollow locking shaft, which is fixedly connected to the pressure plate arm. An active friction disc is slidably fitted on the hollow locking shaft via a spline structure. A driven friction disc is fitted on the mounting shaft near the active friction disc. The active friction disc is connected to the telescopic shaft of the driving hydraulic rod, and the cylinder of the driving hydraulic rod is mounted on the pressure plate arm.

[0010] Furthermore, the arc-shaped track has an arc-shaped cavity, and an arc-shaped rack is fixedly installed inside the arc-shaped cavity. A traveling shaft is rotatably installed inside the traveling seat, and a traveling gear is mounted on the traveling shaft. An arc-shaped window communicating with the arc-shaped cavity is opened at the top of the arc-shaped track. The traveling gear passes through the arc-shaped window into the arc-shaped cavity and meshes with the arc-shaped rack. An arc-shaped guide rail is fixed on the top surface of the arc-shaped track, and an arc-shaped track groove is opened at the bottom of the traveling seat. The arc-shaped guide rail slides and adapts to the arc-shaped track groove. The cross-section of the arc-shaped track groove and the cross-section of the arc-shaped guide rail are both T-shaped.

[0011] Furthermore, the hydraulic telescopic boom includes a welding machine boom, a welding machine arm, and a welding machine hydraulic rod. One end of the welding machine boom is connected to a traveling seat, and the other end is slidably fitted with a welding machine arm. The end of the welding machine arm away from the welding machine boom is connected to the body of the double-seam welding machine. The welding machine hydraulic rod is installed inside the welding machine boom. The telescopic shaft of the welding machine hydraulic rod is connected to a telescopic rod. A welding machine spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod. A pressure detection plate is connected to the telescopic rod. A welding machine pressure sensor is installed on the welding machine arm. The pressure detection plate is connected to the pressure detection shaft of the welding machine pressure sensor.

[0012] A tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing structure, using a tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device as described above, includes geotextile, waterproofing membrane, and arc-shaped pressure plate. The geotextile is laid on the inner wall of the tunnel, and several hot-melt linings are provided on the geotextile. The hot-melt linings are fixed to the geotextile by nails, which penetrate into the shotcrete of the inner wall of the tunnel. The waterproofing membrane is laid on the geotextile. Before laying the waterproofing membrane, the hot-melt linings are pre-melted by the lining pre-melting assembly, so that the waterproofing membrane can be pre-fixed by the hot-melt linings after laying. The arc-shaped pressure plate is fixed at the bottom of the tunnel, and the top of the arc-shaped pressure plate presses the waterproofing membrane tightly against the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0013] Furthermore, the arc-shaped pressure plate includes a pressure plate main body and a pressure plate movable part. The pressure plate movable part is disposed on the back of the pressure plate main body. A pull rod is fixed to the pressure plate movable part. The pull rod slides through the pressure plate main body. A locking screw is threadedly connected to the pressure plate main body. The tail of the locking screw contacts the pressure plate movable part.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. By using a staggered circular layout of pre-melting telescopic arms and laying telescopic arms, a coordinated operation of "pre-melting of the hot-melt liner and immediate laying of the waterproof membrane" is achieved: the liner pre-melting component blows hot air to the hot-melt liner through the hot air holes of the hot air shaft, bringing it to a hot-melt state. Then, the waterproof membrane laying component immediately adheres the waterproof membrane to the geotextile surface, utilizing the adhesiveness of the hot-melt liner for initial fixation. This design completely solves the problem of sagging and wrinkling of the waterproof membrane due to the lack of temporary fixation in the traditional "lay first, then heat-melt" method, avoiding gaps between the waterproof membrane and the geotextile, and significantly improving the integrity and sealing foundation of the waterproof layer.

[0015] 2. The double-seam welding mechanism adopts an arc-shaped track and gear-rack transmission design. The T-shaped guide structure of the arc-shaped track ensures smooth sliding of the traveling seat. The meshing transmission of the traveling gear and the arc-shaped rack enables the double-seam welding machine to move continuously along the tunnel circumference, completing the entire ring welding without splicing the weld seams. This completely solves the problem of weak joints caused by multiple splicing required in traditional straight-track welding. In addition, the hydraulic telescopic arm, through the synergistic action of the welding machine pressure sensor and the welding machine spring, can detect and compensate for the welding pressure in real time. It dynamically adjusts the contact pressure of the double-seam welding machine according to the flatness of the tunnel inner wall, improving the uniformity of weld penetration and effectively reducing the risk of leakage.

[0016] 3. The arc-shaped pressure plate at the bottom of the tunnel adopts a combination design of the main pressure plate component and the movable pressure plate component. The clamping force of the movable pressure plate component can be adjusted by the locking screw, which can adapt to the undulating surface of the tunnel bottom and tightly press the two ends of the waterproof membrane to the inner wall of the tunnel, solving the problem of traditional bottom waterproof membranes being easy to lift and not sealing properly. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device according to the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing structure according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device according to the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device according to the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device of the present invention, which includes a telescopic arm. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-melting telescopic arm in a tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pressure plate arm in a tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic telescopic arm in a tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the arc-shaped track in a tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device of the present invention; Figure 10 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 11 for Figure 1 Enlarged view at point B in the middle; In the diagram, 1-Welding trolley, 2-Rotating spindle, 3-Pad pre-melting assembly, 4-Waterproof laying assembly, 5-Laying telescopic arm, 6-Laying shaft, 7-Pre-melting telescopic arm, 8-Hot air shaft, 9-Hot air hole, 10-Arc track, 11-Double seam welding machine, 12-Traveling seat, 13-Laying fixed arm, 14-Laying movable arm, 15-Moving cavity, 16-Sliding seat, 17-Pressure spring, 18-Encoder, 19-Hydraulic rod, 20-Pressure cavity, 21-Pressure sensor, 22-Pressure plate, 23-Up arm, 24-Down arm, 25-Up arm hydraulic rod, 26-Infrared ranging sensor, 27-Pressure plate up arm, 28-Pressure plate down arm, 29-Pressure plate shaft, 30-Intermediate spindle, 31-Side spindle, 32-Pressure plate hydraulic rod, 33-Mounting shaft, 34-Hollow locking shaft, 35-Active friction disc 36-Driven friction disc, 37-Drive hydraulic rod, 38-Arc-shaped cavity, 39-Arc-shaped rack, 40-Traveling shaft, 41-Traveling gear, 42-Arc-shaped window, 43-Arc-shaped guide rail, 44-Arc-shaped rail groove, 45-Welding machine boom, 46-Welding machine forearm, 47-Welding machine hydraulic rod, 48-Telescopic rod, 49-Pressure detection plate, 50-Welding machine pressure sensor, 51-Welding machine spring, 52-Geotextile, 53-Waterproof membrane, 54-Arc-shaped pressure plate, 55-Hot melt lining, 56-Nail, 57-Pressure plate main body, 58-Pressure plate moving part, 59-Tie rod, 60-Locking screw, 61-Step, 62-Main shaft mounting seat, 63-First motor, 64-Second motor, 65-First gear, 66-Second gear, 67-Laying fixed shaft, 68-Detachable body, 69-Rectangular groove. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0019] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 11As shown, a tunnel waterproof membrane fixing and welding device includes a welding trolley 1, on which a rotary cantilever mechanism and a double-seam welding mechanism are installed. The rotary cantilever mechanism includes a rotary main shaft 2, a lining pre-melting assembly 3, and a waterproof laying assembly 4. The waterproof laying assembly 4 includes a laying telescopic arm 5 and a laying shaft 6. The rotary main shaft 2 is rotatably mounted on the welding trolley 1. The two ends of the laying shaft 6 are respectively rotatably connected to the telescopic arms of the two laying telescopic arms 5. The fixed arm of the laying telescopic arm 5 is fixedly sleeved on the rotary main shaft 2. Geotextile or waterproof membrane is wound on the laying shaft 6. The lining pre-melting assembly 3 includes a pre-melting telescopic arm 7 and a hot air shaft 8. The two ends of the hot air shaft 8 are respectively connected to the telescopic arms of the two pre-melting telescopic arms 7. The fixed arm of the pre-melting telescopic arm 7 is fixedly sleeved on the rotary main shaft 2. On the rotating main shaft 2, the side wall of the hot air shaft 8 is provided with several hot air holes 9 along its own axial direction. The hot air holes 9 are used to blow hot air onto the hot melt lining to keep the hot melt lining in a hot melt state. The pre-melting telescopic arm 7 and the laying telescopic arm 5 are staggered around the circumference of the rotating main shaft 2. The double-seam welding mechanism includes an arc-shaped track 10 and a double-seam welding machine 11. The arc-shaped track 10 is fixedly installed on the welding trolley 1. A walking seat 12 is provided on the arc-shaped track 10. The walking seat 12 is connected to the double-seam welding machine 11 through a hydraulic telescopic arm. The welding trolley 1 is equipped with steps 61 for workers to walk on. First, the geotextile 52 in the tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing structure is laid on the inner wall of the tunnel. Specifically, the laying shaft 6 with the geotextile 52 wound around it is installed on the laying telescopic arm 5. The position of the laying shaft 6 is adjusted by extending and retracting the laying telescopic arm 5, so that the geotextile 52 on the laying shaft 6 contacts the inner wall of the tunnel with a certain pressure. The workers first try to fix the end of the geotextile 52 with nails 56. The nails 56 carry the hot melt lining 55 to fix the geotextile 52 to the shotcrete on the inner wall of the tunnel. Then, the main shaft 2 is rotated to drive the laying telescopic arm 5 to deflect along the arc trajectory of the inner wall of the tunnel, so that the geotextile 52 is gradually laid on the inner wall of the tunnel. During the laying process, the geotextile 52 is fixed with nails 56 every time a certain distance is laid. When the geotextile 52 is laid, the fixing of the geotextile 52 and the arrangement of the hot melt lining 55 are also completed. The bottom of the welding trolley 1 is equipped with traveling wheels, so that the welding trolley 1 can move along the length of the tunnel. Repeat the above actions to lay geotextile 52 along the length of the tunnel, with an overlap of no less than 10mm between adjacent geotextile 52 sections. After the geotextile 52 is laid, remove the laying shaft 6 that winds up the geotextile 52 and install the laying shaft 6 with the waterproof membrane 53 on the laying telescopic arm 5. During the laying process, the thickness of the waterproof membrane 53 wound on the laying shaft 6 will gradually decrease. To ensure that the laying shaft 6 can always contact the inner wall of the tunnel for laying the waterproof membrane 53, the extension and contraction of the laying telescopic arm 5 adapts to the trajectory changes of the inner wall of the tunnel and the changes in the thickness of the waterproof membrane 53, so that the waterproof membrane 53 can fit the geotextile 52 to complete the laying action. When laying the waterproof membrane 53, the hot air shaft 8 is located in front of the laying shaft 6, which is deflected in the laying direction.The hot air shaft 8 has a hot air cavity inside, and the hot air hole 9 is connected to the hot air cavity. The hot air shaft 8 is connected to a hot air blower through a hot air hose. The hot air blower heats the outside air and delivers it into the hot air cavity. The hot air is blown out through the hot air hole 9, so that the hot air acts on the hot melt lining 55, making the hot melt lining 55 in a hot melt state. Then, the laying shaft 6 lays the waterproof membrane 53 on the hot melt lining 55 in a hot melt state, which can promptly bond the geotextile 52 and the waterproof membrane 53 together, realizing the coordinated operation of "pre-melting of hot melt lining - immediate laying of waterproof membrane". This allows the waterproof membrane 53 to be bonded and fixed simultaneously during the laying process, solving the problem of sagging and wrinkling of the waterproof membrane due to the lack of temporary fixation in the traditional "lay first and then heat melt" mode. It also avoids the formation of gaps between the waterproof membrane and the geotextile, significantly improving the integrity and sealing foundation of the waterproof layer. Similarly, the coverage length between two adjacent waterproof membranes 53 is not less than 10mm. When the number of waterproof membranes 53 laid is greater than or equal to two, a welding operation is performed on adjacent waterproof membranes 53 after each laying of waterproof membranes 53. The double-seam welding machine 11 is driven by a hydraulic telescopic arm to contact the coverage area of ​​the waterproof membrane 53. The double-seam welding machine 11 moves on the arc-shaped track 10 via the traveling seat 12, moving along the laying trajectory of the waterproof membranes 53 to achieve welding of the coverage areas of two adjacent waterproof membranes 53. This eliminates the need for splicing weld seams, completing the entire ring welding and completely solving the problem of weak joints caused by multiple splicing required in traditional straight-track welding. Preferably, the double-seam welding machine 11 is a double-seam automatic geomembrane welding machine, which can form double weld seams in the coverage area of ​​the waterproof membrane 53, improving welding strength and stability. The double-seam automatic geomembrane welding machine is existing technology, and the specific welding principle will not be elaborated further.

[0020] Example 2 Based on Example 1, such as Figures 1 to 7As shown, the rotary cantilever mechanism also includes a pressure plate assembly, which includes a pressure plate upper arm 27, a pressure plate lower arm 28, and a pressure plate shaft 29. The rotary main shaft 2 includes a central main shaft 30 and lateral main shafts 31. Lateral main shafts 31 are coaxially arranged on both sides of the central main shaft 30. Both the lateral main shafts 31 and the central main shaft 30 are rotatably mounted on the welding trolley 1. The laying telescopic arm 5 and the pre-melting telescopic arm 7 are both fitted onto the lateral main shafts 31. Pressure plate lower arms 28 are rotatably connected to both ends of the pressure plate shaft 29. The pressure plate upper arm 27 is slidably fitted onto the end of the pressure plate lower arm 28 away from the pressure plate shaft 29. The pressure plate upper arm 27 is fixedly fitted onto the central main shaft 30. Pressure plate liquid is installed inside the pressure plate upper arm 27. The pressure rod 32 and the telescopic shaft of the pressure plate hydraulic rod 32 are connected to the pressure plate arm 28. The waterproof laying assembly 4 is located between the pressure plate assembly and the liner pre-melting assembly 3. The rotating main shaft 2 drives the laying shaft 6 to deflect through the laying telescopic arm 5. Since the waterproof cloth 53 in front is fixed by the hot melt liner 55, the laying shaft 6 will pull the waterproof cloth 53 when it deflects. Under this pulling force, the laying shaft 6 rotates to release the waterproof cloth 53, so that the laying shaft 6 can automatically release the waterproof cloth 53. However, the rotation of the laying shaft 6 is generated by pulling the waterproof cloth 53 fixed at the rear. The waterproof cloth 53 and the hot melt liner 55 have just completed the heat bonding, and the hot melt liner 55 has not been completely cooled, which causes the waterproof cloth 53 and the hot melt liner 55 to become stuck together. The connection strength between 55 is relatively low, which can easily cause the waterproof fabric 53 to detach from the geotextile 52 during pulling. To avoid the unwinding pulling force of the waterproof fabric 53 affecting the bonding effect between the waterproof fabric 53 and the geotextile 52, a pressure plate assembly is further set up. When laying the waterproof fabric 53, the pressure plate shaft 29 is pressed tightly against the waterproof fabric 53 by moving the pressure plate arm 28 first. Then, the laying shaft 6 lays the waterproof fabric 53 onto the next hot melt liner 55, so that the unwinding pulling force of the waterproof fabric 53 acts between the pressure plate shaft 29 and the waterproof fabric 53, and does not pull on the part of the waterproof fabric 53 that has been bonded. After the waterproof fabric 53 is bonded to the next hot melt liner 55, the laying... The telescopic arm 5 stops deflecting, and the pressure plate arm 27 drives the pressure plate shaft 29 to deflect close to the laying shaft 6, so that the pressure plate shaft 29 moves to the position of the next hot melt lining 55. The pressure plate shaft 29 presses the waterproof cloth 53 again, and the laying shaft 6 lays the waterproof cloth 53 again. After laying to the position of the next hot melt lining 55, it stops. The pressure plate shaft 29 then presses the waterproof cloth 53 at the position of the next hot melt lining 55. This process is repeated to complete the laying of the waterproof cloth 53. This effectively avoids the waterproof cloth 53 pulling on the area that has been bonded behind it during the laying process, improves the laying quality of the waterproof cloth 53, and avoids the problem of local detachment between the waterproof cloth 53 and the geotextile 52.

[0021] Example 3 Based on Example 2, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, a main shaft mounting base 62 is fixed on the welding trolley 1. A first bearing seat and a second bearing seat are formed on the main shaft mounting base 62. The intermediate main shaft 30 and the lateral main shaft 31 are rotatably mounted on the first bearing seat and the second bearing seat, respectively. A first motor 63 is mounted on the second bearing seat. The output shaft of the first motor 63 is connected to the lateral main shaft 31. The first motor 63 drives the lateral main shaft 31 to rotate, so that the lateral main shaft 31 synchronously drives the laying telescopic arm 5 and the pre-melting telescopic arm 7 to deflect, thereby realizing the coordinated operation of "pre-melting of hot melt lining pad - immediate laying of waterproof membrane". A second motor 64 is mounted on the main shaft mounting base 62. The output shaft of the second motor 64 is connected to a first gear 65. A second gear 66 is mounted on the intermediate main shaft 30. The second gear 66 meshes with the first gear 65. The second motor 64 drives the intermediate main shaft 30 to deflect through the meshing of the first gear 65 and the second gear 66. This causes the intermediate main shaft 30 to drive the pressure plate shaft 29 to deflect, so that the pressure plate shaft 29 can follow the laying direction of the waterproof membrane 53 to perform a pressing operation, thereby assisting the waterproof membrane 53 to be laid with high quality.

[0022] Example 4 Based on Example 3, such as Figures 1 to 10As shown, both ends of the pressure plate shaft 29 are fixed with mounting shafts 33. The mounting shafts 33 are rotatably connected to the pressure plate arm 28 via bearings. One of the mounting shafts 33 is coaxially fitted with a hollow locking shaft 34, which is fixedly connected to the pressure plate arm 28. An active friction disc 35 is slidably fitted on the hollow locking shaft 34 via a spline structure. A driven friction disc 36 is fitted on the mounting shaft 33 near the active friction disc 35. The active friction disc 35 is connected to the telescopic shaft of the drive hydraulic rod 37. The cylinder of the drive hydraulic rod 37 is mounted on the pressure plate arm 28. The extension and retraction of the pressure plate arm 28 moves the pressure plate arm 27, thereby adjusting the position of the pressure plate shaft 29 so that it can adapt to changes in the dimensions of the tunnel wall. The hydraulic pressure inside the pressure plate hydraulic rod 32 provides feedback on the contact pressure between the pressure plate shaft 29 and the waterproof membrane 53, or it can be fed back through a pressure sensor mounted on the pressure plate arm 28. The pressure plate hydraulic rod 32 is connected to the pressure sensor's pressure detection shaft, allowing the pressure plate shaft 29 to precisely compress the waterproof membrane 53. When the pressure plate shaft 29 compresses the waterproof membrane 53, it drives the hydraulic... Rod 37 drives the active friction disc 35 to press against the driven friction disc 36, creating strong friction between them. This restricts the rotational freedom of the mounting shaft 33, which in turn restricts the rotational freedom of the pressure plate shaft 29. The pressure plate shaft 29 cannot rotate, thus preventing it from pressing the waterproof membrane 53 firmly. Consequently, during the laying of the waterproof membrane 53, the laying tension of the waterproof membrane 53 will not cause the pressure plate shaft 29 to rotate and will instead act on the bonding position. When the waterproof membrane 53 is laid to the next hot-melt liner 55, the hydraulic rod 37 drives the active friction disc 35 to disengage. The driven friction disc 36 is reset, thereby unlocking the rotational freedom of the pressure plate shaft 29. The pressure plate shaft 29 maintains the squeezing state of the waterproof membrane 53 and deflects to the next hot melt liner 55, allowing the pressure plate shaft 29 to roll on the waterproof membrane 53. This presses the waterproof membrane 53 tightly onto the next hot melt liner 55, improving the bonding effect. After the pressure plate shaft 29 moves to the next hot melt liner 55, the rotational freedom of the pressure plate shaft 29 is locked again, and the laying shaft 6 performs the waterproof membrane 53 laying operation again. This process is repeated to complete the automatic laying and bonding operation of the waterproof membrane 53.

[0023] Example 5 Based on Example 4, such as Figures 1 to 5As shown, the laying telescopic arm 5 includes a laying fixed arm 13 and a laying movable arm 14. One end of the laying fixed arm 13 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating main shaft 2, and the other end has a movable cavity 15. One end of the laying movable arm 14 slides into the movable cavity 15, and the other end is connected to the laying shaft 6. A sliding seat 16 and a pressure spring 17 are provided in the movable cavity 15. The moving direction of the sliding seat 16 is parallel to the telescopic direction of the laying movable arm 14. The pressure spring 17 is connected to the laying movable arm 14. An encoder 18 is installed at one end of the rotating main shaft 2. A hydraulic rod 19 is installed in the movable cavity 15. The telescopic shaft of the hydraulic rod 19 is connected to the sliding seat. 16. A pressure chamber 20 is provided inside the sliding seat 16. A pressure sensor 21 is installed inside the pressure chamber 20. A pressure plate 22 is provided inside the pressure chamber 20. The pressure plate 22 contacts the pressure shaft of the pressure sensor 21 and also contacts the inner wall of the pressure chamber 20. The sliding seat 16 has a through hole connecting to the pressure chamber 20. One end of the pressure spring 17 passes through the through hole and connects to the pressure plate 22. Initially, both the laying telescopic arm 5 and the pre-melting telescopic arm 7 are in the retracted state, allowing the welding trolley 1 to move smoothly into the tunnel. After the welding trolley 1 moves into position, the hydraulic rod 19 drives the laying movable arm 14 to move closer to the inner wall of the tunnel, so that the laying... The geotextile 52 or waterproof membrane 53 on shaft 6 contacts the tunnel inner wall. The geotextile 52 is fixed with nails 56, and the end of the waterproof membrane 53 is fixed with an arc-shaped pressure plate 54. The hydraulic rod 19 continues to drive the laying arm 14 to move, so that the laying shaft 6 is pressed against the tunnel inner wall with a certain pressure. At this time, the pressure spring 17 is in a compressed state. The pressure spring 17 transmits the pressure to the pressure sensor 21 through the pressure plate 22. When the pressure value of the pressure sensor 21 reaches the set value, the hydraulic rod 19 stops extending. This method can adapt to the size changes of the tunnel inner wall. Since the arc surface of the tunnel inner wall is not a regular arc, when When the laying shaft 6 moves to the area where the radius of the inner wall arc increases, under the reaction force of the pressure spring 17, the laying shaft 6 automatically moves closer to the inner wall to ensure that the waterproof membrane 53 and the geotextile 52 are in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel. When the laying shaft 6 moves to the area where the radius of the inner wall arc decreases, the laying shaft 6 will continue to compress the pressure spring 17 to avoid interference between the laying shaft 6 and the inner wall of the tunnel. The pressure sensor 21 can reflect the compression pressure between the laying shaft 6 and the inner wall of the tunnel. When the compression pressure is too high, the hydraulic rod 19 drives the laying movable arm 14 to retract to avoid excessive compression pressure affecting the unwinding of the geotextile 52 or the waterproof membrane 53.During the actual laying process, the axis of the rotating spindle 2 is not collinear with the axis of the arc surface of the tunnel inner wall. This causes the laying shaft 6 to come into contact with the tunnel inner wall during the laying operation. The pressure between the laying shaft 6 and the tunnel inner wall is tangential to the laying shaft 6, preventing the pressure from separating and acting on the pressure spring 17. Consequently, the lateral spindle 31 cannot drive the laying telescopic arm 5 and the pre-fusion telescopic arm 7 to deflect, and the laying operation is interfered with and cannot continue. To address this, an encoder 18 is installed on the lateral spindle 31 of the rotating spindle 2. The encoder 18 detects the rotation of the lateral spindle 31. When the first motor 63 is not stopped, but the lateral spindle 31 stops deflecting, it indicates that there is interference between the laying shaft 6 and the inner wall of the tunnel. At this time, the hydraulic rod 19 gradually retracts, causing the laying arm 14 to move the laying shaft 6 away from the inner wall of the tunnel, so that the laying shaft 6 can detach from the inner wall of the tunnel and cross the interference zone. This situation is very rare in actual laying. After this problem occurs, the encoder 18 can detect the problem in time and make corresponding adjustments.

[0024] Example 6 Based on Example 5, such as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the pre-melting telescopic arm 7 includes a large arm 23 and a small arm 24. One end of the large arm 23 is fixedly mounted on the rotating main shaft 2, and the other end is slidably fitted with the small arm 24. A large arm hydraulic rod 25 is installed inside the large arm 23. The telescopic shaft of the large arm hydraulic rod 25 is connected to the small arm 24. A hot air shaft 8 is connected to the small arm 24. An infrared distance sensor 26 is installed at the end of the small arm 24 away from the large arm 23. The infrared distance sensor 26 detects the distance between the hot air shaft 8 and the inner wall of the tunnel in real time. The large arm hydraulic rod 25 drives the small arm 24 to move, thereby adjusting the distance between the hot air shaft 8 and the inner wall of the tunnel. This allows the hot air shaft 8 to heat the hot melt lining 55 at a set distance, ensuring that the hot air can smoothly bring the hot melt lining 55 into a hot melt bondable state.

[0025] Example 7 Based on Example 6, such as Figures 1 to 9As shown, the arc-shaped track 10 has an arc-shaped cavity 38, and an arc-shaped rack 39 is fixedly installed inside the arc-shaped cavity 38. A traveling shaft 40 is rotatably mounted inside the traveling base 12, and a traveling gear 41 is fitted onto the traveling shaft 40. An arc-shaped window 42 is opened at the top of the arc-shaped track 10, connecting to the arc-shaped cavity 38. The traveling gear 41 passes through the arc-shaped window 42 into the arc-shaped cavity 38 and meshes with the arc-shaped rack 39. An arc-shaped guide track 43 is fixed to the top surface of the arc-shaped track 10, and an arc-shaped track groove 44 is opened at the bottom of the traveling base 12. The arc-shaped guide track 43 slides within the arc-shaped track groove 44. The cross-section of both the arc-shaped track groove 44 and the arc-shaped guide track 43 is T-shaped. A traveling servo motor is installed inside the traveling base 12. The output shaft of the travel servo motor is connected to the travel master gear, and the travel driven gear is mounted on the travel shaft 40. The travel driven gear meshes with the travel master gear, and the travel servo motor drives the travel gear 41 to rotate through the meshing of the travel master gear and the travel driven gear. Since the arc rack 39 is fixedly installed, the rotating travel gear 41 can move along the trajectory direction of the arc rack 39. With the cooperation of the arc guide rail 43 and the arc track groove 44, the travel seat 12 can move stably along the arc trajectory direction of the arc track 10, thereby driving the double weld seam welding machine 11 to move along the arc surface of the tunnel inner wall to realize the welding of the areas covered by the two adjacent waterproof membranes 53. With the extension and retraction of the hydraulic telescopic arm, the double weld seam welding machine 11 contacts the waterproof membrane 53 to complete the welding operation.

[0026] Example 8 Based on Example 7, such as Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the hydraulic telescopic boom includes a welding machine boom 45, a welding machine forearm 46, and a welding machine hydraulic rod 47. One end of the welding machine boom 45 is connected to the travel base 12, and the other end is slidably fitted with the welding machine forearm 46. The end of the welding machine forearm 46 away from the welding machine boom 45 is connected to the body of the double-seam welding machine 11. The welding machine hydraulic rod 47 is installed inside the welding machine boom 45. The telescopic shaft of the welding machine hydraulic rod 47 is connected to a telescopic rod 48. A welding machine spring 51 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 48, and a pressure detection plate 49 is connected to the telescopic rod 48. A welding machine pressure sensor 50 is installed on the forearm 46. The pressure detection plate 49 is connected to the pressure detection shaft of the welding machine pressure sensor 50. Initially, the welding hydraulic rod 47 drives the welding machine forearm 46 to move closer to the tunnel inner wall, so that the double weld seam welding machine 11 is pressed against the waterproof plate 53, and the welding machine spring 51 is in a compressed state. The setting of the welding machine spring 51 enables the double weld seam welding machine 11 to adapt to the size changes of the tunnel inner wall. The welding pressure sensor 50 can provide feedback on the contact pressure between the double weld seam welding machine 11 and the tunnel inner wall.

[0027] Example 9 Based on Example 8, such as Figures 1 to 11As shown, both ends of the laying shaft 6 are rotatably connected to the laying fixed shaft 67 via bearings. The end of the laying fixed shaft 67 away from the laying shaft 6 is fixed with a detachable body 68, which is rectangular in shape. The top surface of the laying movable arm 14 has a rectangular groove 69. The end of the detachable body 68 away from the laying fixed shaft 67 fits into the rectangular groove 69. The detachable body 68 is connected to the laying movable arm 14 via bolt assemblies. By removing the bolt assemblies, the detachable body 68 can be removed from the rectangular groove 69, allowing the laying shaft 6 to be replaced. When the geotextile 52 or waterproof membrane 53 on the laying shaft 6 is used up, the fully loaded laying shaft 6 can be replaced to continue the laying operation. Since the laying fixed shaft 67 is rotatably connected to the laying shaft 6, the replacement and installation of the laying shaft 6 are convenient without affecting the rotation of the laying shaft 6.

[0028] Example 10 Based on Example 9, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing structure is laid using the aforementioned tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device. It includes geotextile 52, waterproofing membrane 53, and an arc-shaped pressure plate 54. The geotextile 52 is laid on the inner wall of the tunnel, and several hot-melt linings 55 are provided on the geotextile 52. The hot-melt linings 55 are fixed to the geotextile 52 by nails 56, which penetrate into the shotcrete of the inner wall of the tunnel. The waterproofing membrane 53 is laid on the geotextile 52. Before laying the waterproofing membrane 53, the hot-melt linings 55 are pre-melted using a lining pre-melting assembly 3, so that the waterproofing membrane 53 can be pre-fixed by the hot-melt linings 55 after laying. The arc-shaped pressure plate 54 is fixed at the bottom of the tunnel, and the arc-shaped pressure plate 54... The top waterproof membrane 53 is pressed tightly against the inner wall of the tunnel. During the laying of the geotextile 52, the area to be laid is fixed at the same time. The nail 56 is used in conjunction with the nail gun. When fixing, a hot melt liner 55 is placed. After the nail 56 passes through the hot melt liner 55, the geotextile 52 is fixed. At the same time, the hot melt liner 55 is fixed to the geotextile 52. After the geotextile 52 is laid, the waterproof membrane 53 is laid. First, the bottom of the waterproof membrane 53 is pressed tightly against the inner wall of the tunnel using the arc-shaped pressure plate 54. Then the waterproof membrane 53 is laid. During the laying process, the hot melt liner 55 is heated to bond the waterproof membrane 53 to the geotextile 52, which improves both laying efficiency and laying quality.

[0029] Furthermore, the arc-shaped pressure plate 54 includes a pressure plate main body 57 and a pressure plate movable part 58. The pressure plate movable part 58 is located on the back of the pressure plate main body 57. A tie rod 59 is fixed to the pressure plate movable part 58. The tie rod 59 slides through the pressure plate main body 57. A locking screw 60 is threadedly connected to the pressure plate main body 57. The tail of the locking screw 60 contacts the pressure plate movable part 58. The pressure plate main body 57 is fixed to the tunnel ground by anchor bolts. Then, the locking screw 60 is tightened, causing the locking screw 60 to push the pressure plate movable part 58 to press the bottom of the waterproof membrane 53, ensuring that the position of the waterproof membrane 53 will not shift during the laying process.

Claims

1. A welding device for fixing and installing a tunnel waterproof membrane, characterized in that, The assembly includes a welding trolley (1), which is equipped with a rotary cantilever mechanism and a double-seam welding mechanism. The rotary cantilever mechanism includes a rotary spindle (2), a liner pre-melting assembly (3), and a waterproof laying assembly (4). The waterproof laying assembly (4) includes a laying telescopic arm (5) and a laying shaft (6). The rotary spindle (2) is rotatably mounted on the welding trolley (1). The two ends of the laying shaft (6) are rotatably connected to the telescopic arms of the two laying telescopic arms (5). The fixed arms of the laying telescopic arms (5) are fixedly sleeved on the rotary spindle (2). Geotextile or waterproof board is wound on the laying shaft (6). The liner pre-melting assembly (3) includes a pre-melting telescopic arm (7) and a hot air shaft (8). The two ends of the hot air shaft (8) are... The ends are respectively connected to the telescopic arms of the two pre-melting telescopic arms (7). The fixed arm of the pre-melting telescopic arm (7) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating main shaft (2). The side wall of the hot air shaft (8) is provided with several hot air holes (9) along its own axial direction. The hot air holes (9) are used to blow hot air onto the hot melt lining to make the hot melt lining in a hot melt state. The pre-melting telescopic arm (7) and the laying telescopic arm (5) are staggered around the circumference of the rotating main shaft (2). The double seam welding mechanism includes an arc track (10) and a double seam welding machine (11). The arc track (10) is fixedly installed on the welding trolley (1). The arc track (10) is provided with a traveling seat (12). The traveling seat (12) is connected to the double seam welding machine (11) through a hydraulic telescopic arm.

2. The tunnel waterproof membrane fixing and welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laying telescopic arm (5) includes a laying fixed arm (13) and a laying movable arm (14). One end of the laying fixed arm (13) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating main shaft (2), and the other end has a movable cavity (15). One end of the laying movable arm (14) slides into the movable cavity (15), and the other end is connected to the laying shaft (6). The movable cavity (15) is provided with a sliding seat (16) and a pressure spring (17). The moving direction of the sliding seat (16) is parallel to the telescopic direction of the laying movable arm (14), and the pressure spring (17) is connected to the laying movable arm (14).

3. The tunnel waterproof membrane fixing and welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, An encoder (18) is installed at one end of the rotating spindle (2). A hydraulic rod (19) is installed in the movable cavity (15). The telescopic shaft of the hydraulic rod (19) is connected to the sliding seat (16). A pressure cavity (20) is provided in the sliding seat (16). A pressure sensor (21) is installed in the pressure cavity (20). A pressure plate (22) is provided in the pressure cavity (20). The pressure plate (22) contacts the pressure shaft of the pressure sensor (21) and contacts the inner wall of the pressure cavity (20). The sliding seat (16) has a through hole that connects to the pressure cavity (20). One end of the pressure spring (17) passes through the through hole and connects to the pressure plate (22).

4. The tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-melted telescopic arm (7) includes a large arm (23) and a small arm (24). One end of the large arm (23) is fixedly mounted on the rotating main shaft (2), and the other end is slidably fitted with the small arm (24). A large arm hydraulic rod (25) is installed inside the large arm (23). The telescopic shaft of the large arm hydraulic rod (25) is connected to the small arm (24). The hot air shaft (8) is connected to the small arm (24). An infrared ranging sensor (26) is installed at the end of the small arm (24) away from the large arm (23).

5. The tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary cantilever mechanism also includes a pressure plate assembly, which includes a pressure plate upper arm (27), a pressure plate lower arm (28), and a pressure plate shaft (29). The rotary main shaft (2) includes a central main shaft (30) and a lateral main shaft (31). The lateral main shaft (31) is coaxially arranged on both sides of the central main shaft (30). The lateral main shaft (31) and the central main shaft (30) are rotatably mounted on the welding trolley (1). The laying telescopic arm (5) and the pre-melting telescopic arm (7) are both fitted onto the lateral main shaft (39). 1) Both ends of the pressure plate shaft (29) are rotatably connected to pressure plate arms (28). The end of the pressure plate arm (28) away from the pressure plate shaft (29) is slidably fitted with a pressure plate arm (27). The pressure plate arm (27) is fixedly fitted on the intermediate main shaft (30). A pressure plate hydraulic rod (32) is installed inside the pressure plate arm (27). The telescopic shaft of the pressure plate hydraulic rod (32) is connected to the pressure plate arm (28). The waterproof laying component (4) is located between the pressure plate component and the liner pre-melting component (3).

6. The tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both ends of the pressure plate shaft (29) are fixed with mounting shafts (33). The mounting shafts (33) are rotatably connected to the pressure plate arm (28) through bearings. One of the mounting shafts (33) is coaxially fitted with a hollow locking shaft (34). The hollow locking shaft (34) is fixedly connected to the pressure plate arm (28). An active friction disc (35) is slidably fitted on the hollow locking shaft (34) through a spline structure. A driven friction disc (36) is fitted on the mounting shaft (33) close to the active friction disc (35). The active friction disc (35) is connected to the telescopic shaft of the driving hydraulic rod (37). The cylinder of the driving hydraulic rod (37) is mounted on the pressure plate arm (28).

7. The tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc-shaped track (10) is provided with an arc-shaped cavity (38), and an arc-shaped rack (39) is fixedly installed in the arc-shaped cavity (38). The walking seat (12) is provided with a rotatable walking shaft (40), and a walking gear (41) is fitted on the walking shaft (40). The top of the arc-shaped track (10) is provided with an arc-shaped window (42) that connects to the arc-shaped cavity (38). The walking gear (41) passes through the arc-shaped window (42) and enters the arc-shaped cavity (38). The walking gear (41) meshes with the arc-shaped rack (39). An arc-shaped guide track (43) is fixed on the top surface of the arc-shaped track (10). An arc-shaped track groove (44) is provided at the bottom of the walking seat (12). The arc-shaped guide track (43) slides and adapts to the arc-shaped track groove (44). The cross-section of the arc-shaped track groove (44) and the cross-section of the arc-shaped guide track (43) are both T-shaped.

8. The tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The hydraulic telescopic boom includes a welding machine boom (45), a welding machine arm (46), and a welding machine hydraulic rod (47). One end of the welding machine boom (45) is connected to the travel seat (12), and the other end is slidably fitted with the welding machine arm (46). The end of the welding machine arm (46) away from the welding machine boom (45) is connected to the body of the double-seam welding machine (11). The welding machine hydraulic rod (47) is installed inside the welding machine boom (45). The telescopic shaft of the welding machine hydraulic rod (47) is connected to a telescopic rod (48). A welding machine spring (51) is sleeved on the telescopic rod (48). A pressure detection plate (49) is connected to the telescopic rod (48). A welding machine pressure sensor (50) is installed on the welding machine arm (46). The pressure detection plate (49) is connected to the pressure detection shaft of the welding machine pressure sensor (50).

9. A tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing structure, wherein the waterproofing membrane is laid using a tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing and welding device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system includes geotextile (52), waterproof membrane (53), and arc-shaped pressure plate (54). The geotextile (52) is laid on the inner wall of the tunnel. Several hot-melt linings (55) are provided on the geotextile (52). The hot-melt linings (55) are fixed to the geotextile (52) by nails (56). The nails (56) penetrate into the shotcrete of the inner wall of the tunnel. The waterproof membrane (53) is laid on the geotextile (52). Before laying the waterproof membrane (53), the hot-melt linings (55) are pre-melted by the lining pre-melting assembly (3) so that the waterproof membrane (53) can be pre-fixed by the hot-melt linings (55) after it is laid. The arc-shaped pressure plate (54) is fixed at the bottom of the tunnel, and the top of the arc-shaped pressure plate (54) presses the waterproof membrane (53) tightly against the inner wall of the tunnel.

10. A tunnel waterproofing membrane fixing structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The arc-shaped pressure plate (54) includes a pressure plate main body (57) and a pressure plate movable part (58). The pressure plate movable part (58) is located on the back of the pressure plate main body (57). A pull rod (59) is fixed to the pressure plate movable part (58). The pull rod (59) slides through the pressure plate main body (57). A locking screw (60) is threaded onto the pressure plate main body (57). The tail of the locking screw (60) contacts the pressure plate movable part (58).

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