A high frequency speed-up brake rock drill system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a high-frequency speed-increasing brake rock drill system and method, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic control of rock drills. The system comprises a cylinder body, a piston, a reversing valve and a hydraulic control oil circuit. The cylinder body is sequentially provided with a tail large cavity, a side oil cavity, an oil return cavity, a signal oil cavity, a stroke oil cavity and a front oil cavity in the impact direction, and the tail large cavity is connected with the side oil cavity; the reversing valve is provided with first to sixth oil cavities. The first and third oil cavities are connected with an oil pump, the second oil cavity is connected with the tail large cavity, the third oil cavity is connected with the front oil cavity and the stroke oil cavity, the fourth oil cavity is connected with the side oil cavity, the fifth oil cavity is connected with an oil return tank, and the sixth oil cavity is connected with the signal oil cavity. The speed is increased by using constant pressure of the front cavity, variable pressure of the tail cavity, that is, using the front oil cavity to return and supplement the tail, and the valve core reversing and braking are accurately controlled by using the signal oil cavity, and the system has the advantages of high impact frequency, large impact energy, sensitive reversing, fast, stable and reliable braking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydraulic control technology for rock drills, specifically relating to a high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system and method, which is suitable for high-frequency impact operations of hydraulic rock drills. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic rock drills are essential equipment widely used in mining, tunneling, and construction engineering. Their working principle involves a hydraulic system driving a piston to reciprocate at high speed within a cylinder, applying impact energy to the drill rod to achieve rock drilling. In existing technology, the performance of hydraulic rock drills primarily depends on the piston's impact frequency, impact energy, and the response speed of the directional valve.

[0003] Traditional hydraulic rock drill systems typically use a single hydraulic circuit to drive the piston, which cannot achieve automatic piston speed increase within the system. Furthermore, its impact frequency and impact energy are limited by the flow and pressure of the hydraulic system. The piston suffers significant energy loss during reversal and braking, resulting in low system efficiency. In addition, traditional hydraulic rock drill systems cannot perform rapid braking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] The high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system includes a cylinder, piston, and directional valve;

[0006] The cylinder contains a tail section, a side section, a return section, a signal section, a stroke section, and a front section, arranged sequentially along the piston impact direction. The tail section and the side section are connected.

[0007] The reversing valve is provided with a first oil chamber, a second oil chamber, a third oil chamber, a fourth oil chamber, a fifth oil chamber, and a sixth oil chamber in sequence.

[0008] The first oil chamber, the third oil chamber, and the oil pump outlet are connected;

[0009] The second oil chamber is connected to the large tail chamber;

[0010] The third oil chamber is connected to the front oil chamber and the stroke oil chamber;

[0011] The fourth oil chamber is connected to the side oil chamber;

[0012] The fifth oil chamber is connected to the return oil tank;

[0013] The sixth oil chamber is connected to the signal oil chamber;

[0014] When the third oil chamber and the second oil chamber are connected, the oil pump pumps in hydraulic oil, the piston moves forward, squeezing the oil in the front oil chamber. The oil returns to the third oil chamber and merges with the pressure oil that has entered the second oil chamber before entering the tail chamber, thus completing the piston stroke speed increase.

[0015] When the piston returns to its original position, it cuts off the connection between the large rear chamber and the side oil chamber and squeezes the large rear chamber alone to complete piston braking.

[0016] In the aforementioned high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system, the piston is provided with a stepped body, a right-side oil groove, and a tail annular groove. The stepped body squeezes the oil in the front oil chamber, and the right-side oil groove connects the signal oil chamber with the return oil chamber or the stroke oil chamber.

[0017] In the aforementioned high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system, the cylinder body includes a front cylinder, a middle cylinder, and a rear cylinder connected in sequence. A front guide sleeve is installed inside the front cylinder, and a cylinder liner and a rear guide sleeve are installed inside the middle cylinder. The front guide sleeve and the rear guide sleeve guide and support the piston.

[0018] In the aforementioned high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system, the rear cylinder has an opening connected to the tail cavity on the side near the middle cylinder. The root of the opening has a tapering step, which, when the piston returns, works with the tail of the piston to disconnect the side oil cavity and the tail cavity.

[0019] In the high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system, the valve core of the reversing valve is provided with a first oil groove, a second oil groove, a third oil groove and a fourth oil groove.

[0020] The valve core between the first oil groove and the second oil groove forms an outer convex ring 1, and a step part 1 is provided at the corresponding position on the valve body of the reversing valve. The staggered and partially overlapping or completely overlapping of the outer convex ring 1 and the step part 1 completes the opening and closing of the second oil chamber and the third oil chamber.

[0021] The valve core between the second oil groove and the third oil groove forms an outer convex ring two. The valve body of the reversing valve is provided with a step part two at the corresponding position. The staggered and partially overlapping or completely overlapping of the outer convex ring two and the step part two are used to open the third oil chamber and the fourth oil chamber.

[0022] The portion of the valve core between the third and fourth oil grooves forms an externally protruding ring three, and a step three is provided at the corresponding position on the valve body of the reversing valve. The staggered and partially overlapping or completely overlapping of the externally protruding ring three and the step three completes the opening and closing of the fourth and fifth oil chambers.

[0023] The valve body is also provided with a stepped section four that separates the fifth and sixth oil chambers and a stepped section five that separates the first and second oil chambers.

[0024] In the high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system, guide sleeves are provided at both ends of the valve core. One end of the guide sleeve squeezes the oil in the first oil chamber, and the other end of the guide sleeve squeezes the oil in the sixth oil chamber.

[0025] The end face area of ​​the guide sleeve that squeezes the oil in the first oil chamber is smaller than the end face area of ​​the guide sleeve that squeezes the oil in the sixth oil chamber.

[0026] In the aforementioned high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system, the depth of the end of the first oil groove away from the first oil chamber is greater than the depth of the end closer to the first oil chamber.

[0027] A method for accelerating braking of a high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill, employing the aforementioned high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system, comprises the following steps:

[0028] When the oil pump is turned on, it pumps in pressurized oil, which simultaneously enters the first and third oil chambers.

[0029] Pressurized oil enters the first oil chamber. Since the sixth oil chamber, the right oil groove, and the return oil chamber are connected at this time, the oil pressure in the first oil chamber is greater than that in the sixth oil chamber. The valve core moves to the side that squeezes the sixth oil chamber. The third oil chamber and the second oil chamber are connected. Pressurized oil enters the tail large chamber. The oil pressure in the front oil chamber and the oil pressure in the tail large chamber are equal. The area of ​​the oil in the tail large chamber acting axially on the piston is much larger than that in the front oil chamber. The piston begins to move forward. The forward movement of the piston will squeeze the oil in the front oil chamber. The oil in the front oil chamber returns to the third oil chamber and merges with the pressurized oil before entering the tail large chamber to increase the piston stroke speed.

[0030] When the piston moves forward to the point where the return oil chamber and signal oil chamber are disconnected, pressure oil still enters the tail large chamber. The pressure oil in the tail large chamber and side oil chamber will continue to push the piston forward. At the same time, the piston will continue to squeeze the oil in the front oil chamber. The oil squeezed out from the front oil chamber continues to enter the third oil chamber.

[0031] When the piston continues to move forward until it connects the signal oil chamber and the stroke oil chamber, the stroke oil chamber, the signal oil chamber, and the sixth oil chamber are connected. A portion of the oil squeezed out from the front oil chamber enters the sixth oil chamber through the stroke oil chamber and the signal oil chamber. Since the oil pressure in the first oil chamber and the sixth oil chamber are equal, the valve core end face area in the sixth oil chamber is much larger than the valve core end face area in the first oil chamber. The oil will push the valve core to start moving towards the side that squeezes the first oil chamber. The valve core moves towards the side that is closer to the first oil chamber, and the third and fourth oil chambers are disconnected in sequence, the third and second oil chambers are disconnected, and the fourth and fifth oil chambers are connected.

[0032] Another portion of the oil squeezed out from the front oil chamber enters the tail large chamber through the third and second oil chambers before the third and second oil chambers are disconnected, continuing to increase the stroke speed.

[0033] After the piston strikes the rod tip, it rebounds and brakes to change direction. It then retracts with the help of the oil pressure in the front oil chamber when the fourth and fifth oil chambers are connected. During the piston return stroke, the stroke oil chamber will be disconnected from the signal oil chamber, the signal oil chamber will be connected to the return oil chamber, and the tail large chamber will be disconnected from the side oil chamber.

[0034] When the signal oil chamber and the return oil chamber are connected, the oil pressure in the sixth oil chamber is released instantaneously. The oil pressure in the first oil chamber is greater than that in the sixth oil chamber. The valve core begins to move toward the side closer to the sixth oil chamber, and the fourth oil chamber and the fifth oil chamber are disconnected in sequence, and the second oil chamber and the third oil chamber are connected.

[0035] When the fourth and fifth oil chambers are disconnected, the piston tail disconnects the tail large chamber from the side oil chamber and squeezes the oil in the tail large chamber alone, completing the piston's rapid braking. At this time, the second and third oil chambers are connected instantly, thus completing a complete impact cycle.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. This invention, by setting up a side oil chamber connected to the large tail cavity, and a reversing valve controlling the flow direction of oil in the large tail cavity, side oil chamber, and front oil chamber, utilizes the return oil from the front oil chamber to pressurize and accelerate the piston tail during piston impact, significantly increasing the piston's impact speed and energy, and improving rock drilling efficiency. The reason for the increased speed is that the speed depends on the oil volume. Besides the pump's flow rate, the space in the front oil chamber is compressed during impact, and the oil in the front oil chamber returns to the third oil chamber through pipelines and enters the oil chamber at the piston tail. Therefore, the hydraulic oil entering the tail cavity is greater than the hydraulic pump's flow rate, thus achieving increased speed.

[0038] 2. This invention utilizes the cooperation between the right-side oil groove on the piston and the signal oil chamber, stroke oil chamber and return oil chamber to achieve precise and rapid control of the reversing valve, ensuring the reversing sensitivity and reliability of the piston under high-frequency motion.

[0039] 3. In the piston return process, when the piston tail reaches the converging step, the tail large chamber and the side oil chamber are separated into relatively independent oil chambers. The oil in the tail large chamber cannot flow out, so the tail large chamber becomes a closed oil chamber. The hydraulic oil itself is difficult to compress, so it can quickly brake the piston tail, shorten the braking time, and make quick preparation for the next stroke. The device can achieve an increased number of reciprocating strokes in the same amount of time, thus increasing the working frequency.

[0040] 4. The reversing valve structure of the present invention is reasonably designed. Through the cooperation between the upper step of the valve core and the oil chamber, the oil circuit can be quickly switched. Moreover, the valve core movement is stable and has strong anti-pollution ability, making it suitable for harsh rock drilling conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1This is a structural diagram of the high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system of this application.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder block of this application.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the piston structure of this application.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the reversing valve of this application.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the valve core structure of the reversing valve of this application.

[0046] Figures 6 to 11 The following are the action breakdown diagrams of the high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system.

[0047] In the diagram: 10. Cylinder block; 101. Front cylinder; 1011. Oil port 1; 102. Middle cylinder; 1021. Oil port 2; 1022. Oil port 3; 1023. Oil port 4; 103. Rear cylinder; 1031. Oil port 5; 1032. Oil port 6; 11. Front guide sleeve; 12. Cylinder liner; 13. Rear guide sleeve; 14. Stroke oil chamber; 15. Signal oil chamber; 16. Return oil chamber; 17. Front oil chamber; 18. Rear large chamber; 19. Side oil chamber;

[0048] 20. Piston; 21. Stepped body; 22. Right side oil groove;

[0049] 30. Reversing valve; 301. First oil chamber; 302. Second oil chamber; 303. Third oil chamber; 304. Fourth oil chamber; 305. Fifth oil chamber; 306. Sixth oil chamber; 307. First oil port; 308. Second oil port; 309. Third oil port; 310. Fourth oil port; 311. Fifth oil port; 312. Sixth oil port; 313. Seventh oil port; 31. First sealing component; 32. Second sealing component; 33. Valve core; 331. Guide sleeve; 332. First oil groove; 333. Second oil groove; 334. Third oil groove; 335. Fourth oil groove. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system includes a cylinder 10, a piston 20, a reversing valve 30, and a hydraulic control circuit.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the cylinder body 10 includes a front cylinder 101, a middle cylinder 102, and a rear cylinder 103, which are sequentially fixed together by bolts. Wherein:

[0054] A front guide sleeve 11 is installed at the end of the front cylinder 101 that is away from the middle cylinder 102. The inner ring of the front guide sleeve 11 is fitted onto the outer side of the piston 20, providing guidance and support for the front section of the piston 20. An annular gap is reserved between the inner wall of the front cylinder 101 (the side without the front guide sleeve 11) and the outer wall of the piston 20, forming the front oil chamber 17.

[0055] A cylinder liner 12 and a rear guide sleeve 13 are sequentially installed along the inner edge of the cylinder 102 away from the front bumper 101. The cylinder liner 12 is located in the left section of the cylinder 102, and the rear guide sleeve 13 is located in the right section of the cylinder 102. The piston 20 is movably inserted into the cylinder liner 12, the front guide sleeve 11, and the rear guide sleeve 13, and can move freely back and forth along the axial direction.

[0056] An opening is provided on the side of the intermediate cylinder 102 near the front cylinder 101 (i.e., the left end face of the intermediate cylinder 102). The inner diameter of this opening is larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder liner 12 but smaller than the outer diameter of the cylinder liner 12. This opening is used for axial positioning of the left end face of the cylinder liner 12. At the same time, a sealing ring is installed on the contact surface between the cylinder liner 12 and the inner wall of the intermediate cylinder 102 to prevent oil leakage. A tapering step is provided at the root of the opening. A side oil chamber 19 is provided on the rear cylinder 103. The tail large chamber 18 is connected to the side oil chamber 19. The piston 20 disconnects the side oil chamber 19 and the tail large chamber 18 during the return stroke.

[0057] The rear cylinder 103 has an opening on the side facing the middle cylinder 102 (i.e., the left side of the rear cylinder 103) that connects to the large tail cavity 18. The size of this opening is larger than the inner diameter of the rear guide sleeve 13 and smaller than the outer diameter of the rear guide sleeve 13, and is used to abut against the right end face of the rear guide sleeve 13, thereby completing the axial installation and positioning of the cylinder liner 12 and the rear guide sleeve 13. A sealing ring is also provided between the mating surfaces of the rear guide sleeve 13 and the middle cylinder 102. Sealing rings are also provided on the contact surfaces of the middle cylinder 102 with the front cylinder 101 and the rear cylinder 103 to ensure the sealing of each chamber.

[0058] Within the cylinder 10, along the impact direction of the piston 20 (i.e., from back to front), Figure 1 From right to left, the following are arranged in sequence: tail large cavity 18, side oil cavity 19, return oil cavity 16, signal oil cavity 15, stroke oil cavity 14 and front oil cavity 17.

[0059] The large rear chamber 18 is located inside the rear cylinder 103, behind the rear end face of the piston 20. The large rear chamber 18 is connected to the second oil chamber 302 of the reversing valve 30 through the oil port 5 1031 opened on the rear cylinder 103, and is used to receive pressurized oil from the reversing valve 30 to push the piston 20 forward (i.e. to the left) to accelerate.

[0060] The side oil chamber 19 is located inside the rear cylinder 103, in front of the large tail chamber 18. The side oil chamber 19 and the large tail chamber 18 are connected inside the rear cylinder 103. During the piston 20's return stroke, oil is squeezed out of the side oil chamber 19, and then the connection between the two is cut off, allowing only the large tail chamber 18 to be squeezed to complete rapid braking. The side oil chamber 19 is connected to the fourth oil chamber 304 of the reversing valve 30 through an oil port 6 1032 on the rear cylinder 103.

[0061] The oil return chamber 16 is located on the cylinder liner 12. The oil return chamber 16 is connected to the oil return tank through the oil port 1023 opened on the middle cylinder 102, and is used to drain the low-pressure oil back to the oil tank.

[0062] The signal oil chamber 15 is located on the cylinder liner 12, in front of the return oil chamber 16. The signal oil chamber 15 is connected to the sixth oil chamber 306 of the reversing valve 30 through the oil port 3 1022 opened on the intermediate cylinder 102 and the pipeline, and is used to transmit the reversing control signal to the reversing valve 30.

[0063] The stroke oil chamber 14 is located on the cylinder liner 12, in front of the signal oil chamber 15. The stroke oil chamber 14 is connected to the third oil chamber 303 of the directional valve 30 through the oil port 1021 on the intermediate cylinder 102 and the pipeline, and is also connected to the front oil chamber 17 through the pipeline, for supplying control pressure oil to the signal oil chamber 15.

[0064] The front oil chamber 17 is located inside the front cylinder 101, in front of the stroke oil chamber 14. The front oil chamber 17 is connected to the third oil chamber 303 of the reversing valve 30 through the oil port 1011 opened on the front cylinder 101 and the pipeline, and is also connected to the stroke oil chamber 14.

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, the piston 20 has a stepped shaft structure, on which a stepped body 21, a right-side oil groove 22, and a tail annular groove 23 are provided.

[0066] The stepped body 21 is the front part of the piston 20 (i.e. Figure 1 The step body 21 is movably installed in the front oil chamber 17 (right side of the step body 21). The right end face of the step body 21 serves as the pressure-bearing surface for the piston 20 to bear the hydraulic pressure in the front oil chamber 17.

[0067] The right-side oil groove 22 is an annular groove formed on the outer circumference of the piston 20. The right-side oil groove 22 moves within the cylinder 10 as the piston 20 reciprocates. When the piston 20 is in different positions, the right-side oil groove 22 can selectively connect the signal oil chamber 15 with the return oil chamber 16, or connect the signal oil chamber 15 with the stroke oil chamber 14.

[0068] The tail annular groove 23 is an annular groove opened on the outer circumference of the piston 20 tail, which is used to optimize the oil flow characteristics in the tail region of the piston 20.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, the reversing valve 30 is provided with a first oil chamber 301, a second oil chamber 302, a third oil chamber 303, a fourth oil chamber 304, a fifth oil chamber 305 and a sixth oil chamber 306 arranged sequentially along the axial direction.

[0070] The first oil chamber 301 is located at the right end of the reversing valve 30. It is connected to the oil outlet of the oil pump 40 through the first oil port 307 opened on the reversing valve 30 and the pipeline. It is used to receive the pressurized oil from the oil pump 40 and push the valve core 33 to move to the left.

[0071] The second oil chamber 302 is located in the middle right section of the reversing valve 30. It is connected to the tail large chamber 18 of the cylinder body 10 through the second oil port 308 opened on the reversing valve 30 and the pipeline. It is used to introduce pressurized oil into the tail large chamber 18 to push the piston 20 forward.

[0072] The third oil chamber 303 is located in the middle section of the reversing valve 30. It is connected to the oil outlet of the oil pump 40 through the third oil port 309 on the reversing valve 30 and a pipeline. At the same time, it is connected to the front oil chamber 17 and the stroke oil chamber 14 of the cylinder block 10 through the seventh oil port 313 on the reversing valve 30 and a pipeline. The third oil chamber 303 is always in communication with the oil pump 40 and is a high-pressure oil chamber.

[0073] The fourth oil chamber 304 is located in the middle right section of the reversing valve 30. It is connected to the side oil chamber 19 of the cylinder block 10 through the fourth oil port 310 opened on the reversing valve 30 and the pipeline, and is used to supply oil to the side oil chamber 19.

[0074] The fifth oil chamber 305 is located on the right section of the reversing valve 30 and is connected to the return oil tank through the fifth oil port 311 on the reversing valve 30 and a pipeline. It is used to drain the oil in the side oil chamber 19 back to the oil tank.

[0075] The sixth oil chamber 306 is located at the right end of the reversing valve 30. It is connected to the signal oil chamber 15 of the cylinder 10 through the sixth oil port 312 on the reversing valve 30 and the pipeline. It is used to receive control pressure oil from the signal oil chamber 15 and push the valve core 33 to move to the left.

[0076] The right end of the reversing valve 30 is provided with a first sealing element 31, and the left end is provided with a second sealing element 32, which are used to seal the oil chambers at both ends.

[0077] like Figure 5 As shown, the outer surface of the valve core 33 is provided with a first oil groove 332, a second oil groove 333, a third oil groove 334 and a fourth oil groove 335, and the oil grooves are separated by an outer convex ring.

[0078] The outer circumference of the valve core 33 between the first oil groove 332 and the second oil groove 333 forms an outer convex ring 1. A step portion 1 is provided at a corresponding position on the valve body of the reversing valve 30. The offset, partial overlap or complete overlap of the outer convex ring 1 and the step portion 1 completes the opening and closing of the second oil chamber 302 and the third oil chamber 303. When the outer convex ring 1 is located between the second oil chamber 302 and the third oil chamber 303, the connection between the two chambers is cut off. When the first oil groove 332 is located between the second oil chamber 302 and the third oil chamber 303, the two chambers are connected through the oil groove.

[0079] The outer circumference of the valve core 33 between the second oil groove 333 and the third oil groove 334 forms an outer convex ring 2. A step portion 2 is provided at a corresponding position on the valve body of the reversing valve 30. The staggered, partially overlapping or completely overlapping of the outer convex ring 2 and the step portion 2 completes the function of opening and closing the third oil chamber 303 and the fourth oil chamber 304. When the outer convex ring 2 is located between the third oil chamber 303 and the fourth oil chamber 304, the connection between the two chambers is cut off. When the second oil groove 333 is located between the two chambers, the two chambers are connected.

[0080] The outer circumference of the valve core 33 between the third oil groove 334 and the fourth oil groove 335 forms an outer convex ring three. The valve body of the reversing valve 30 is provided with a step three at the corresponding position. The staggering, partial overlap or complete overlap of the outer convex ring three and the step three completes the opening and closing of the fourth oil chamber 304 and the fifth oil chamber 305. When the outer convex ring three is located between the fourth oil chamber 304 and the fifth oil chamber 305, the connection between the two chambers is cut off. When the third oil groove 334 is located between the two chambers, the two chambers are connected.

[0081] The valve body is also provided with a stepped section four that separates the fifth oil chamber 305 and the sixth oil chamber 306, and a stepped section five that separates the first oil chamber 301 and the second oil chamber 302.

[0082] Both ends of the valve core 33 are provided with guide sleeves 331, one end of which squeezes the oil in the first oil chamber 301, and the other end of which squeezes the oil in the sixth oil chamber 306.

[0083] The end face area of ​​the guide sleeve 331 that squeezes the oil in the first oil chamber 301 is smaller than the end face area of ​​the guide sleeve 331 that squeezes the oil in the sixth oil chamber 306. Due to the difference in end face area, when the oil pressure in the sixth oil chamber 306 is the same as the oil pressure in the first oil chamber 301, the valve core can be reversed and reset.

[0084] The left and right ends of the valve core 33 are slidably installed in the first oil chamber 301 and the sixth oil chamber 306 respectively, and the valve core 33 is driven by the oil pressure to achieve left and right reversing movement.

[0085] The oil outlet of the oil pump 40 is connected to the first oil port 307 and the third oil port 309 of the reversing valve 30 via a three-way pipe. The pipe connected to the first oil port 307 is used to supply oil to the first oil chamber 301; the pipe connected to the third oil port 309 is used to supply oil to the third oil chamber 303.

[0086] The second oil port 308 of the reversing valve 30 is connected to the large rear chamber 18 of the cylinder block 10 via a pipe.

[0087] The fourth oil port 310 of the reversing valve 30 is connected to the side oil chamber 19 of the cylinder 10 through a pipe.

[0088] The fifth oil port 311 of the reversing valve 30 is connected to the return oil tank through a pipeline.

[0089] The sixth oil port 312 of the reversing valve 30 is connected to the signal oil chamber 15 of the cylinder block 10 through a pipeline.

[0090] The seventh oil port 313 of the reversing valve 30 is connected to the first oil port 1011 (connecting to the front oil chamber 17) and the second oil port 1021 (connecting to the stroke oil chamber 14) of the cylinder block 10 through a three-way pipe.

[0091] The oil port 3 1022 of the cylinder block 10 (connected to the signal oil chamber 15) is connected to the sixth oil port 312 of the reversing valve 30 through a pipe.

[0092] The oil port 4 1023 of the cylinder block 10 (connected to the return oil chamber 16) is connected to the return oil tank through a pipe.

[0093] A method for accelerating braking of a high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill, employing the aforementioned high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system, comprises the following steps:

[0094] by Figure 6 As shown, in this state, the piston 20 is at the limit position of the large compression chamber 18, while the second oil chamber 302 and the third oil chamber 303 are at the critical position of being connected.

[0095] At this time, oil pump 40 is turned on, pumping in pressurized oil. The pressurized oil enters the first oil chamber 301 and the third oil chamber 303 at the same time.

[0096] Pressurized oil enters the first oil chamber 301. Since the sixth oil chamber 306, the right oil groove 22, and the return oil chamber 16 are connected at this time, the oil pressure in the first oil chamber 301 is greater than the oil pressure in the sixth oil chamber 306. The valve core 33 moves to the side that squeezes the sixth oil chamber 306. The third oil chamber 303 and the second oil chamber 302 are connected. Pressurized oil enters the tail large chamber 18. The oil pressure in the front oil chamber 17 and the oil pressure in the tail large chamber 18 are equal. The area of ​​the oil in the tail large chamber 18 acting axially on the piston 20 is much larger than the area of ​​the oil in the front oil chamber 17 acting axially on the piston 20. The piston 20 starts to move forward. The forward movement of the piston 20 will squeeze the oil in the front oil chamber 17. The oil in the front oil chamber 17 returns to the third oil chamber 303 and merges with the pressurized oil before entering the tail large chamber 18 to increase the stroke speed of the piston 20.

[0097] like Figure 7 As shown, when the piston 20 moves forward to the point where it disconnects from the return oil chamber 16 and the signal oil chamber 15, there is still pressurized oil entering the tail large chamber 18. The pressurized oil in the tail large chamber 18 and the side oil chamber 19 will continue to push the piston 20 forward. At the same time, the piston 20 continues to squeeze the oil in the front oil chamber 17. The oil squeezed out from the front oil chamber 17 continues to enter the third oil chamber 303.

[0098] like Figure 8 As shown, when the piston 20 continues to move forward until it connects the signal oil chamber 15 and the stroke oil chamber 14, the stroke oil chamber 14, the signal oil chamber 15 and the sixth oil chamber 306 are connected. A portion of the oil squeezed out from the front oil chamber 17 enters the sixth oil chamber 306 through the stroke oil chamber 14 and the signal oil chamber 15. Since the oil pressure of the first oil chamber 301 and the sixth oil chamber 306 are equal, the end face area of ​​the valve core 33 in the sixth oil chamber 306 is much larger than the end face area of ​​the valve core 33 in the first oil chamber 301. The oil will push the valve core 33 to start moving towards the side that squeezes the first oil chamber 301. The valve core 33 moves towards the side that is closer to the first oil chamber 301, and the third oil chamber 303 and the fourth oil chamber 304 are disconnected in sequence, the third oil chamber 303 and the second oil chamber 302 are disconnected, and the fourth oil chamber 304 and the fifth oil chamber 305 are connected.

[0099] Another part of the oil squeezed out from the front oil chamber 17 enters the tail large chamber 18 through the third oil chamber 303 and the second oil chamber 302 before the third oil chamber 303 and the second oil chamber 302 are disconnected, and continues to increase the stroke speed.

[0100] Piston 20 strikes the rod tip, and after the strike, it rebounds, causing it to brake and reverse direction. It then rapidly retracts with the help of the oil pressure in the front oil chamber 17 when the fourth oil chamber 304 and the fifth oil chamber 305 are connected. This is because the oil pressure in the front oil chamber 17 is greater than the oil pressure in the tail large chamber 18 (at this time, the tail large chamber 18 and the fifth chamber 305 are connected). Figure 8 As shown, during the return stroke of piston 20, the oil chamber 14 and signal oil chamber 15 will be disconnected in sequence, the signal oil chamber 15 will be connected to the return oil chamber 16, and the tail large chamber 18 will be disconnected from the side oil chamber 19.

[0101] like Figure 10 As shown, when the signal oil chamber 15 and the return oil chamber 16 are connected, the oil pressure in the sixth oil chamber 306 is released instantaneously. The oil pressure in the first oil chamber 301 is greater than the oil pressure in the sixth oil chamber 306. The valve core 33 begins to move toward the side closer to the sixth oil chamber 306, and sequentially completes the disconnection of the fourth oil chamber 304 and the fifth oil chamber 305, and the connection of the second oil chamber 302 and the third oil chamber 303.

[0102] like Figure 11 As shown, when the fourth oil chamber 304 and the fifth oil chamber 305 are disconnected, the tail of the piston 20 enters the constriction step, the tail large chamber 18 and the side oil chamber 19 are disconnected, and the tail of the piston 20 squeezes the oil in the tail large chamber 18 alone to complete the rapid braking. At this time, the second oil chamber 302 and the third oil chamber 303 are connected instantly, thus completing a complete impact cycle.

[0103] In the high-frequency speed-up braking rock drill system and method of the present invention, the front oil chamber 17 is always connected to the oil pump 40 to maintain a constant high pressure; the rear large chamber 18 and the side oil chamber 19 are controlled by the reversing valve 30 to realize the rapid switching between high-pressure oil supply and low-pressure oil discharge, driving the piston 20 to achieve stroke speed-up and return braking; when the piston 20 moves forward, the compressed oil in the front oil chamber 17 returns to the third oil chamber 303 through the oil circuit, merges with the pressure oil and is replenished into the rear large chamber 18 again to realize return oil speed-up and significantly improve impact energy; through the cooperation of the right side oil groove 22 on the piston 20 with the signal oil chamber 15, the stroke oil chamber 14 and the return oil chamber 16, the reversing time of the valve core 33 of the reversing valve 30 is precisely controlled to realize the precise control of the piston 20's impact and return.

[0104] The core working principle of this invention can be summarized as constant pressure in the front chamber, variable pressure in the rear chamber, speed-up oil return, and signal reversal. It has the advantages of high impact frequency, large impact energy, sensitive reversal, and smooth and reliable braking. It is particularly suitable for occasions that require high-frequency impact operations, such as mining, tunneling, and construction engineering.

Claims

1. A high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system, comprising a cylinder (10), a piston (20), and a reversing valve (30), characterized in that: The cylinder (10) is provided with the following components arranged in sequence along the piston (20) impact direction: tail large chamber (18), side oil chamber (19), return oil chamber (16), signal oil chamber (15), stroke oil chamber (14) and front oil chamber (17). The tail large chamber (18) and the side oil chamber (19) are connected. The reversing valve (30) is provided with a first oil chamber (301), a second oil chamber (302), a third oil chamber (303), a fourth oil chamber (304), a fifth oil chamber (305) and a sixth oil chamber (306) in sequence. The first oil chamber (301), the third oil chamber (303), and the outlet of the oil pump (40) are connected; The second oil chamber (302) is connected to the tail large chamber (18); The third oil chamber (303) is connected to the front oil chamber (17) and the stroke oil chamber (14); The fourth oil chamber (304) is connected to the side oil chamber (19); The fifth oil chamber (305) is connected to the return oil tank; The sixth oil chamber (306) is connected to the signal oil chamber (15); When the third oil chamber (303) and the second oil chamber (302) are connected, the oil pump (20) pumps in hydraulic oil, the piston (20) moves forward, squeezing the oil in the front oil chamber (17), the oil returns to the third oil chamber (303) and merges with the pressure oil that enters the second oil chamber (302) before entering the tail large chamber (18), thus completing the piston (20) stroke speed increase; When the piston (20) returns, the piston (20) cuts off the connection between the tail large chamber (18) and the side oil chamber (19) and squeezes the tail large chamber (18) separately to complete the piston (20) braking.

2. The high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston (20) is provided with a stepped body (21), a right-side oil groove (22) and a tail ring groove (23). The stepped body (21) squeezes the oil in the front oil chamber (17), and the right-side oil groove (22) connects the signal oil chamber (15) with the return oil chamber (16) or the stroke oil chamber (14).

3. The high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder body (10) includes a front cylinder (101), a middle cylinder (102) and a rear cylinder (103) connected in sequence. A front guide sleeve (11) is installed in the front cylinder (101), and a cylinder liner (12) and a rear guide sleeve (13) are installed in the middle cylinder (102). The front guide sleeve (11) and the rear guide sleeve (13) guide and support the piston (20).

4. The high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rear cylinder (103) has an opening on the side near the middle cylinder (102) that connects to the tail chamber (18). The root of the opening has a tapering step that, when the piston (20) returns, works with the tail of the piston (20) to disconnect the side oil chamber (19) and the tail chamber (18).

5. The high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The valve core (33) of the reversing valve (30) is provided with a first oil groove (332), a second oil groove (333), a third oil groove (334) and a fourth oil groove (335). The valve core (33) between the first oil groove (332) and the second oil groove (333) forms an outer convex ring. The valve body of the reversing valve (30) is provided with a step part at the corresponding position. The staggered and partially overlapping or completely overlapping of the outer convex ring and the step part completes the opening and closing of the second oil chamber (302) and the third oil chamber (303). The valve core (33) between the second oil groove (333) and the third oil groove (334) forms an outer convex ring II. The valve body of the reversing valve (30) is provided with a step II at the corresponding position. The staggered and partially overlapping or completely overlapping of the outer convex ring II and the step II complete the opening and closing of the third oil chamber (303) and the fourth oil chamber (304). The valve core (33) between the third oil groove (334) and the fourth oil groove (335) forms an outer convex ring three. The valve body of the reversing valve (30) is provided with a step three at the corresponding position. The staggered and partially overlapping or completely overlapping of the outer convex ring three and the step three complete the opening and closing of the fourth oil chamber (304) and the fifth oil chamber (305). The valve body is also provided with a stepped section four that separates the fifth oil chamber (305) and the sixth oil chamber (306) and a stepped section five that separates the first oil chamber (301) and the second oil chamber (302).

6. The high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the valve core (33) are provided with guide sleeves (331), one end of which squeezes the oil in the first oil chamber (301), and the other end of which squeezes the oil in the sixth oil chamber (306). The end face area of ​​the guide sleeve (331) that squeezes the oil in the first oil chamber (301) is smaller than the end face area of ​​the guide sleeve (331) that squeezes the oil in the sixth oil chamber (306).

7. The high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The depth of the end of the first oil groove (332) away from the first oil cavity (301) is greater than that of the end near the first oil cavity (301).

8. A method for accelerating braking of a high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill, employing the high-frequency speed-increasing braking rock drill system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: The oil pump (40) is turned on, pumping in pressurized oil. The pressurized oil enters the first oil chamber (301) and the third oil chamber (303) at the same time. Pressure oil enters the first oil chamber (301). Since the sixth oil chamber (306), the right oil groove (22), and the return oil chamber (16) are connected at this time, the oil pressure in the first oil chamber (301) is greater than the oil pressure in the sixth oil chamber (306). The valve core (33) moves to the side that squeezes the sixth oil chamber (306). The third oil chamber (303) and the second oil chamber (302) are connected. Pressure oil enters the tail large chamber (18). The oil pressure in the front oil chamber (17) and the tail large chamber (18) are connected. When the oil pressure of 18) is equal, the area of ​​the oil in the tail large chamber (18) acting axially on the piston (20) is much larger than the area of ​​the oil in the front oil chamber (17) acting axially on the piston (20). The piston (20) starts to move forward. The forward movement of the piston (20) will squeeze the oil in the front oil chamber (17). The oil in the front oil chamber (17) returns to the third oil chamber (303) and merges with the pressure oil before entering the tail large chamber (18) to realize the increase of piston (20) stroke speed. When the piston (20) moves forward to the return oil chamber (16) and disconnects from the signal oil chamber (15), pressure oil still enters the tail large chamber (18). The pressure oil in the tail large chamber (18) and the side oil chamber (19) will continue to push the piston (20) forward. At the same time, the piston (20) will continue to squeeze the oil in the front oil chamber (17). The oil squeezed out from the front oil chamber (17) continues to enter the third oil chamber (303). When the piston (20) continues to move forward until it connects the signal oil chamber (15) and the stroke oil chamber (14), the stroke oil chamber (14), the signal oil chamber (15), and the sixth oil chamber (306) are connected. A portion of the oil squeezed out from the front oil chamber (17) enters the sixth oil chamber (306) through the stroke oil chamber (14) and the signal oil chamber (15). Since the oil pressure in the first oil chamber (301) and the sixth oil chamber (306) is equal, the valve in the sixth oil chamber (306) The end face area of ​​the core (33) is much larger than the end face area of ​​the valve core (33) in the first oil chamber (301). The oil will push the valve core (33) to start moving towards the side that squeezes the first oil chamber (301). The valve core (33) moves towards the side that is closer to the first oil chamber (301), and the third oil chamber (303) and the fourth oil chamber (304) are disconnected in sequence. The third oil chamber (303) and the second oil chamber (302) are disconnected, and the fourth oil chamber (304) and the fifth oil chamber (305) are connected. Another part of the oil squeezed out from the front oil chamber (17) enters the tail large chamber (18) through the third oil chamber (303) and the second oil chamber (302) before the third oil chamber (303) and the second oil chamber (302) are disconnected, and continues to increase the stroke speed; After the piston (20) strikes the rod tip, it rebounds and brakes to change direction. It then retreats with the help of the oil pressure in the front oil chamber (17) when the fourth oil chamber (304) and the fifth oil chamber (305) are connected. The piston (20) will complete the return stroke in sequence. The oil chamber (14) and the signal oil chamber (15) are disconnected. The signal oil chamber (15) and the return oil chamber (16) are connected. The tail large chamber (18) and the side oil chamber (19) are disconnected. When the signal oil chamber (15) and the return oil chamber (16) are connected, the oil pressure in the sixth oil chamber (306) is released instantaneously, the oil pressure in the first oil chamber (301) is greater than the oil pressure in the sixth oil chamber (306), and the valve core (33) begins to move toward the side closer to the sixth oil chamber (306), thereby sequentially disconnecting the fourth oil chamber (304) and the fifth oil chamber (305), and connecting the second oil chamber (302) and the third oil chamber (303); When the fourth oil chamber (304) and the fifth oil chamber (305) are disconnected, the tail of the piston (20) disconnects the tail large chamber (18) from the side oil chamber (19) and squeezes the oil in the tail large chamber (18) separately, thus completing the rapid braking of the piston (20). At this time, the second oil chamber (302) and the third oil chamber (303) are connected instantly, thus completing a complete impact cycle.

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