Adaptive clearance adjustment collision non-linear energy sink damper and damping method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of damping system, and relates to a collision non-linear energy sink damper with self-adaptive gap adjustment and a damping method. One end of a subsystem spring is connected to the end wall of a sliding groove, and the other end is connected to a motion boundary mass. A movable space is formed between the motion boundary mass and the wall of the sliding groove away from the subsystem spring for the NES unit to move. When the main system mass is excited by external excitation, the vibration energy is transmitted to the motion boundary mass through the subsystem spring, and the motion boundary mass reciprocates along the sliding groove, realizing self-adaptive adjustment of the movable gap of the NES unit according to the state of external excitation. The damper can maintain effective collision coupling between the NES unit, the main system and the motion boundary mass under different excitation intensities, stably dissipates vibration energy through continuous collision, and improves the adaptability of the damper under complex and variable excitation conditions and the reliability of the damping effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vibration reduction system technology, and relates to a collision nonlinear energy trap vibration damper with adaptive gap adjustment and a vibration reduction method. Background Technology

[0002] Passive vibration energy management and control of structures under extreme load conditions such as impact, explosion, and earthquake is an important and challenging problem in the engineering field. The core requirement is to suppress the motion of the vibration-damped object under various external excitations. To address this problem, various vibration dampers have been designed and developed. Among them, nonlinear vibration dampers achieve energy dissipation by using nonlinear springs, dampers, collision structures, and other components to complete resonant coupling and target energy transfer. Compared with linear vibration dampers, they have a wider frequency band and faster response speed, making them a research hotspot.

[0003] Vibro-Impact Nonlinear Energy Sinks (VI-NES) rely on non-smooth, nonlinear collision structures to achieve energy transfer and dissipation. They offer advantages such as simple structural design and high energy transfer efficiency, effectively mitigating the main structural response under harmonic loads, impacts, explosions, and seismic excitations. However, traditional collision dampers typically have fixed collision gaps, which cannot adaptively adjust according to changes in external excitation intensity and system vibration energy. When vibration energy changes dynamically, they are prone to poor collision coupling, reduced target energy transfer efficiency, and diminished damping effect, making them unsuitable for complex and variable external excitation conditions.

[0004] Vibration damping structures based on nonlinear energy traps (NES) can achieve unidirectional energy transfer and local dissipation. Combining them with collision damping structures is an important development direction for vibration damping technology. However, how to achieve adaptive adjustment of the gap so that the collision coupling between the NES unit and the main system is always in the optimal state has become the key issue in improving the adaptability and vibration damping efficiency of this type of vibration damper. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of fixed gaps and inability to adapt to dynamic vibration conditions in traditional collision dampers in the prior art, and to provide a collision nonlinear energy trap damper and damping method with adaptive gap adjustment. By combining a nonlinear energy trap (NES) with an adaptive gap collision structure, the dynamic adjustment of the movable gap of the NES unit is achieved by utilizing the oscillation of the moving boundary. This enables the NES unit and the main system to achieve efficient 1:1 internal resonance and target energy transfer under different vibration energies, realizing unidirectional energy transfer from the main system to the NES unit. Rapid energy dissipation is achieved through the collision action of the NES unit, improving the adaptability and damping effect of the damper under complex excitation conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: An adaptive gap-adjustable collision nonlinear energy trap vibration damper includes a main system and a subsystem, wherein the subsystem is disposed inside the main system; The main system includes a main system spring and a main system damper. One end of the main system spring and the main system damper are connected to the ground, and the other end is connected to the main system mass block. The subsystem includes an NES unit, a moving boundary mass block, and a subsystem spring. A groove is formed inside the main system mass block. One end of the subsystem spring is connected to the end side wall of the groove, and the other end is connected to the moving boundary mass block. A movable space is formed between the moving boundary mass block and the side wall of the groove away from the subsystem spring. The NES unit is located within the movable space. When the main system mass block oscillates under external excitation, the vibration energy is transferred to the moving boundary mass block by the subsystem spring. The moving boundary mass block reciprocates along the slide. The NES unit continuously collides with the moving boundary mass block and the side wall of the slide away from the subsystem spring in the movable space, thus absorbing the vibration energy.

[0007] A further improvement of the present invention is that: The main system spring and the main system damper are connected in parallel.

[0008] The structure of the moving boundary mass block is rectangular.

[0009] The NES unit has a spherical structure.

[0010] The moving boundary mass block is made of steel.

[0011] A vibration reduction method based on the vibration damper of the present invention includes the following steps: The main system mass block oscillates under external excitation, causing the main system to oscillate. The oscillation energy of the main system is transferred to the moving boundary mass block through the subsystem spring, causing the moving boundary mass block to oscillate synchronously. The moving boundary mass block begins to reciprocate along the slide, and the movable space of the NES unit begins to change adaptively. The NES unit continuously collides with the moving boundary mass block and the sidewall of the slide away from the subsystem spring within the movable space, and the vibration energy is consumed through the collision of the NES unit.

[0012] When the vibrations of the main system and the subsystem are under the matching conditions, a 1:1 internal resonance is generated between the main system and the NES unit.

[0013] The main system damping is a linear damping system.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention discloses a collision nonlinear energy trap vibration damper with adaptive gap adjustment. It involves connecting one end of a subsystem spring to the end wall of a slide groove and the other end to a moving boundary mass block, creating a movable space between the moving boundary mass block and the side wall of the slide groove furthest from the subsystem spring for the NES unit to move in. When the main system mass block oscillates under external excitation, the vibration energy is transferred to the moving boundary mass block via the subsystem spring, driving the moving boundary mass block to reciprocate along the slide groove. Since the movable space is defined by the moving boundary mass block and the far end wall of the slide groove, the position of the moving boundary mass block within the slide groove changes in real time with the excitation response, causing the length of the movable space to change dynamically. This achieves adaptive adjustment of the movable gap of the NES unit according to the external excitation state, overcoming the technical defect of traditional fixed gap structures that cannot match dynamically changing vibration energy. The damper maintains effective collision coupling between the NES unit, the main system, and the moving boundary mass block under different excitation intensities, continuously absorbing vibration energy through collision, thus improving the adaptability of the damper under complex and variable excitation conditions and the reliability of the damping effect. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Wherein: 1-Main system mass block; 2-Main system spring; 3-Main system damper; 4-NES unit; 5-Motion boundary mass block; 6-Subsystem spring. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0020] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: See Figure 1 This invention discloses an adaptive gap-adjustable collision nonlinear energy trap vibration damper, which combines a nonlinear energy trap (NES) with an adaptive gap collision structure. By utilizing the oscillation of the moving boundary, the movable gap of the NES unit is dynamically adjusted, enabling the NES unit and the main system to achieve efficient 1:1 internal resonance and target energy transfer under different vibration energies. This achieves unidirectional energy transfer from the main system to the NES unit, and completes rapid energy dissipation through the collision action of the NES unit, improving the adaptability and vibration reduction effect of the vibration damper under complex excitation conditions. This embodiment can be applied to building vibration suppression, where the main system is equivalent to a building.

[0025] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a collision nonlinear energy trap vibration damper with adaptive gap adjustment, including a main system (vibration damping object) and a subsystem (vibration damper).

[0026] The main system includes a main system mass block 1, a main system spring 2, and a main system damper 3. One end of both the main system spring 2 and the main system damper 3 is connected to the ground, and the other end is connected to the main system mass block 1. The main system spring 2 is a simplified equivalent elastic stiffness element derived from the vibration damping object, and the main system damper 3 is a simplified linear damping element derived from the vibration damping object. A groove is provided within the main system. The main system spring 2 and the main system damper 3 are connected in parallel.

[0027] The subsystem includes an NES unit 4, a moving boundary mass block 5, and a subsystem spring 6. One end of the subsystem spring 6 is connected to the end wall of the slide, and the other end is connected to the moving boundary mass block 5. A movable space is formed between the moving boundary mass block 5 and the side wall of the slide away from the subsystem spring 6. The NES unit 4 is located within the movable space. The total length of the slide is B. The movable gap b (movable space) of the NES unit 4 is the distance between the side wall of the main system slide away from the subsystem spring 6 and the moving boundary mass block 5. The size of b dynamically changes with the relative position of the moving boundary mass block and the main system.

[0028] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, when the vibration damping object is excited by the external environment, the main system mass block 1 will oscillate under the action of the equivalent main system spring 2 and main system damper 3. At the same time, energy is transferred to the moving boundary mass block 5 through the subsystem spring 6, causing the moving boundary 5 to oscillate synchronously. During the oscillation process, the relative position of the moving boundary 5 with the main system changes, thereby enabling the movable gap b of the NES unit 4 to achieve dynamic adaptive adjustment.

[0029] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, during the overall vibration of the system, the NES unit 4 continuously collides with the main system and the moving boundary mass block 5. Under suitable vibration energy conditions, a 1:1 internal resonance occurs between the NES unit 4 and the main system, generating a target energy transfer effect. Through the target energy transfer effect generated by the 1:1 internal resonance, unidirectional energy transfer is achieved from the main system to the NES unit 4, and the rapid dissipation of system energy is completed through the collision action of the NES unit 4.

[0030] Example 2 This embodiment discloses a collision nonlinear energy trap vibration damper with adaptive gap adjustment, including the following steps: Step 1: An external excitation force F is applied to the vibration damping object. The main system mass block 1 oscillates under the combined action of the main system spring 2 and the main system damper 3, generating an oscillation displacement x1. Step 2: The oscillation energy of the main system mass block 1 is transferred to the moving boundary mass block 5 through the subsystem spring 6, causing the moving boundary mass block 5 to oscillate synchronously and generate an oscillation displacement x3; Step 3: The position of the moving boundary mass block 5 changes with the oscillation of the main system, and its relative position with the main system changes, so that the distance b between the left side of the main system slide and the moving boundary mass block 5 is dynamically adjusted synchronously, realizing the adaptive change of the movable gap of the NES unit 4. Step 4: NES unit 4 reciprocates within the adaptively adjusted gap b as the system vibrates, continuously colliding with the side wall of the slide away from the subsystem spring 6 and the moving boundary mass block 5. When the system vibration energy is within the adaptive range, NES unit 4 and the main system resonate in a 1:1 ratio, triggering the target energy transfer effect. Step 5: Under the effect of target energy transfer, the vibration energy of the main system is transferred unidirectionally to NES unit 4. NES unit 4 dissipates the received energy rapidly through continuous collisions with the main system and the moving boundary. The oscillation amplitude of the main system decreases continuously with energy loss, and finally the vibration reduction effect is achieved.

[0031] The vibration damper structure disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention has the following advantages: It breaks through the design limitations of fixed gap in traditional collision dampers, and uses the oscillation of the moving boundary to realize the dynamic adaptive adjustment of the movable gap b of the NES unit. It can adapt to the dynamic changes of external excitation intensity and system vibration energy, and improve the adaptability of the damper under complex working conditions. By combining a nonlinear energy trap with an adaptive collision structure, the NES unit and the main system are always kept in a highly efficient 1:1 internal resonant coupling through adaptive adjustment of the gap, ensuring the efficiency of target energy transfer and realizing unidirectional energy transfer from the main system to the NES unit. By relying on the collision effect of NES units to dissipate energy, and combining the unidirectionality of target energy transfer with the high-efficiency energy dissipation of collision, the system's vibration energy dissipation efficiency is greatly improved, resulting in better vibration reduction effect.

[0032] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A collision nonlinear energy trap vibration damper with adaptive gap adjustment, characterized in that, It includes a main system and subsystems, with the subsystems located within the main system; The main system includes a main system spring (2) and a main system damper (3). One end of the main system spring (2) and the main system damper (3) are connected to the ground, and the other end is connected to the main system mass block (1). The subsystem includes an NES unit (4), a motion boundary mass block (5), and a subsystem spring (6). The main system mass block (1) has a groove inside. One end of the subsystem spring (6) is connected to the end side wall of the groove, and the other end is connected to the motion boundary mass block (5). A movable space is formed between the motion boundary mass block (5) and the side wall of the groove away from the subsystem spring (6). The NES unit (4) is located in the movable space. When the main system mass block (1) is excited and oscillates, the vibration energy is transmitted to the moving boundary mass block (5) along the subsystem spring (6). The moving boundary mass block (5) moves back and forth along the slide. The NES unit (4) continuously collides with the moving boundary mass block (5) and the side wall of the slide away from the subsystem spring (6) in the movable space, thus absorbing the vibration energy.

2. The collision nonlinear energy trap vibration damper with adaptive gap adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main system spring (2) and the main system damper (3) are connected in parallel.

3. The collision nonlinear energy trap vibration damper with adaptive gap adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structure of the moving boundary mass block (5) is rectangular.

4. The collision nonlinear energy trap vibration damper with adaptive gap adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structure of the NES unit (4) is spherical.

5. The collision nonlinear energy trap vibration damper with adaptive gap adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the moving boundary mass block (5) is steel.

6. A vibration reduction method based on the vibration damper of claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The main system mass block (1) oscillates under external excitation, causing the main system to oscillate; The oscillation energy of the main system is transmitted to the moving boundary mass block (5) through the subsystem spring (6), which drives the moving boundary mass block (5) to oscillate synchronously. The moving boundary mass block (5) begins to reciprocate along the slide, and the movable space of the NES unit (4) begins to change adaptively. The NES unit (4) continuously collides with the moving boundary mass block (5) and the side wall of the slide away from the subsystem spring (6) within the movable space, and the vibration energy is consumed through the collision of the NES unit (4).

7. The vibration reduction method for an adaptive gap-adjustable collision nonlinear energy trap vibration damper according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the vibrations of the main system and the subsystem are in a matching condition, a 1:1 internal resonance is generated between the main system and the NES unit (4).

8. The vibration reduction method of a collision nonlinear energy trap vibration damper with adaptive gap adjustment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main system damping (3) is a linear damping system.

Images