Three-stage anti-scour water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure

Abstract

The application relates to a three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on a TPMS structure, and belongs to the technical field of fluid mechanics and pipeline system safety protection. The fluid flow channel of the device along the axial length of the pressure-bearing shell is divided into: a cyclone breaking zone at the fluid inflow end and the fluid outflow end of the pressure-bearing shell; a mechanical buffer and energy dissipation zone at the middle part of the pressure-bearing shell between the inflow end cyclone breaking zone and the outflow end cyclone breaking zone; a composite energy absorption assembly is located in the mechanical buffer and energy dissipation zone at the middle part of the fluid flow channel of the pressure-bearing shell; and a cyclone breaking zone fixed in the fluid flow channel is used for converting the fluid entering the composite energy absorption assembly along the axis into rotating fluid. The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on the TPMS structure innovatively constructs a three-level defense system of cyclone guiding, TPMS micro-dissipation and macro-energy absorption of stacked springs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure, belonging to the field of fluid mechanics and pipeline system safety protection technology. Background Technology

[0002] As smart city construction continues to advance, intelligent equipment such as lighting, video security monitoring, human body detection, emergency alarms, public information dissemination, and network transmission are widely needed in urban squares, parks, commercial streets, and community public areas. Traditional construction methods involve erecting separate poles, laying out individual cables, and installing equipment in separate units. This not only results in a large amount of construction work and high costs due to repeated construction, but also creates a cluttered landscape of poles and cables, severely impacting the overall aesthetics of the city. Furthermore, the dispersed locations of maintenance points make management difficult in the future.

[0003] To address the industry pain point of multiple separate poles, integrated smart light poles have become the mainstream carrier for municipal smart transformation. By integrating multiple devices into a single pole, they effectively reduce the number of poles and save on civil engineering and pipeline costs. However, the conventional smart light pole structural design currently on the market is rigid, with many inherent defects in functional layout, load-bearing structure, equipment protection, and operation and maintenance design. They cannot meet the needs of providing full-area lighting, blind-spot-free security, long-term stable operation, and low-cost operation and maintenance for large open public areas. The industry urgently needs modular smart light pole solutions with more stable structures, more comprehensive functions, better protection, and more convenient operation and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on a TPMS structure, which at least partially solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention discloses a three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure, comprising a pressure-bearing shell with a fluid flow channel; the fluid flow channel extending along the axial length of the pressure-bearing shell is divided into a swirling breaking zone located at the fluid inlet end and the fluid outlet end of the pressure-bearing shell. The mechanical buffer and energy dissipation zone in the middle of the pressure-bearing shell is located between the swirling crushing zone at the inlet end and the swirling crushing zone at the outlet end. The composite energy absorption component includes a three-dimensional porous energy dissipation core; the composite energy absorption component is located in the mechanical buffer energy dissipation zone in the middle of the fluid flow channel of the pressure-bearing shell. The swirling guide assembly, fixed in the swirling breaking zone of the fluid flow channel, is used to convert the fluid entering the composite energy absorption assembly axially into a rotating fluid.

[0006] The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure of the present invention has a central shaft located inside the pressure-bearing shell and extending along the axial direction of the pressure-bearing shell. The two ends of the central shaft are respectively fixed to the swirl guide assembly. The central shaft passes through the composite energy absorption assembly. The composite energy absorption assembly reciprocates along the central shaft axial direction within the mechanical buffer energy dissipation zone.

[0007] The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure of the present invention includes a swirling guide component comprising multiple stator guide vanes, which are respectively fixed in the swirling breaking zone at the fluid inlet end and the fluid outlet end of the pressure-bearing shell. The stator guide vanes are arranged in a swept-back configuration facing the front, and several stator guide vanes are evenly arranged in a ring around the central axis, with adjacent stator guide vanes having the same included angle.

[0008] The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure of the present invention includes the composite energy absorption component comprising: Three-dimensional porous energy-consuming core and unsealed sliding thrust plates located at both ends of the three-dimensional porous energy-consuming core; The three-dimensional porous energy-consuming core and the swirling guide at the fluid inflow end are equipped with a sealless sliding thrust plate; The three-dimensional porous energy-consuming core and the swirling guide at the fluid outlet are equipped with a sealless sliding thrust plate.

[0009] The unsealed sliding thrust plate has a through hole at its center for the central shaft to pass through, and several guide holes arranged in a ring around the central shaft.

[0010] The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure of the present invention comprises a composite energy absorption component: a helical spring, wherein the center of the helical spring passes through the central shaft. Unsealed sliding thrust plates are respectively provided at the ends of the buffer stroke of the helical spring, and the unsealed sliding thrust plates are connected to the opposite three-dimensional porous energy dissipation core; The helical spring and the unsealed sliding thrust plate at each end of the buffer stroke form a buffer chamber.

[0011] The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure of the present invention has a mechanical sliding gap without flexible seal between the outer edge of the unsealed sliding thrust plate and the inner wall of the fluid flow channel inside the pressure-bearing shell.

[0012] The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure of the present invention is a three-dimensional porous energy dissipation core, which is a mesh-like continuous spatial fluid constructed based on the topological geometric features of TPMS; the cross-sectional area of ​​the pores in the mesh-like continuous spatial fluid changes periodically along the fluid flow direction.

[0013] The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure of the present invention is made of duplex stainless steel, including the vortex guide, the three-dimensional porous energy dissipation core, and the unsealed sliding thrust plate. At least a metal-ceramic wear-resistant hardening coating is sprayed onto the surface of the swirl guide component and the inner channel surface of the three-dimensional porous energy dissipation core.

[0014] The three-section anti-erosion water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure of the present invention has a metal-ceramic wear-resistant hardening coating that is a tungsten carbide-based coating prepared by supersonic flame spraying, and the porosity of the tungsten carbide-based coating is ≤0.8%.

[0015] Beneficial effects The three-stage anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure provided by this invention innovatively constructs a three-level defense system of vortex guidance, TPMS micro-dissipation, and spring macro-energy absorption. When water hammer shock waves occur in the pipeline system, the working mechanism and beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. First-level defense (vortex unloading): The shock wave first passes through the vortex guide, and the high-energy fluid that was originally impacting in a straight line is forced to change direction, forming a high-speed rotating spiral vortex, which greatly weakens the frontal rigid impact force of the fluid on the internal structure. 2. Second-level defense: Rotating fluid impacts the porous metal energy-dissipating core of the TPMS. Based on the continuous and highly tortuous spatial topology of the TPMS, the fluid is forced to undergo high-frequency multi-stage splitting, merging, and impact. This structure provides a significantly increased specific surface area within a limited volume, and through the intense friction and viscous shearing of the fluid boundary layer, a large amount of the mechanical kinetic energy of the high-energy water hammer is dissipated into fluid heat energy. This process can dissipate approximately 30% to 40% of the shock wave energy on-site; this physical mechanism can significantly attenuate the peak-to-peak value of the water hammer shock wave. Taking a sudden 5.0 MPa transient shock wave pressurization in a 6.5 MPa pipeline as an example, this first-level defense alone can reduce the peak pressure by approximately 1.5 to 2.0 MPa, effectively reducing the risk of mechanical fatigue damage to the downstream pipeline system caused by high-pressure impact.

[0016] 3. Third-level defense: This invention innovatively employs a sealless sliding thrust plate with fluid throttling orifices on its surface. Under steady-state conditions, fluid flows smoothly through the throttling orifices; however, during transient conditions of rapid water hammer impact, the enormous flow rate carried by the shock wave instantaneously exceeds the flow threshold of the throttling orifice. Combined with the flow resistance amplification effect caused by the pre-installed TPMS structure, this results in a severe transient resistance pressure difference forming on the thrust plate's upstream surface within a very short time. When the residual shock wave (approximately 3.0 MPa pressure difference) acts on the thrust plate surface, it instantly generates an axial physical thrust of approximately 90 kN. This transient pressure difference directly pushes the thrust plate to overcome the preload of the central helical spring and slide towards the center with a buffer displacement of approximately 20 mm to 30 mm, further smoothing the sharp water hammer pressure waveform within the suppressor and reducing the residual peak pressure by approximately 1.0 to 1.5 MPa. Through the above synergistic effect, the disaster-causing peak value can be forcibly suppressed within the safe pipeline network threshold. Meanwhile, the purely mechanical clearance design without rubber dynamic seals fundamentally avoids the industry problems of high-temperature aging of black water and coal slag jamming.

[0017] 4. Symmetrical two-way protection: Adopts a centrally symmetrical structure, such as... Figure 6 This allows the suppressor to be unrestricted by the direction of the medium flow, and when the water hammer shock wave rebounds in the opposite direction, the other component can also play the same role, thus achieving bidirectional suppression of the reciprocating water hammer wave. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of structural defects in piston wear in the prior art; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of structural defects in wall erosion and wear in the prior art; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on the TPMS structure of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the stator guide vane structure of the three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on the TPMS structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sealless sliding thrust plate structure of the three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on the TPMS structure of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer principle components of the three-section anti-erosion water hammer suppression device based on the TPMS structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on the TPMS structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional porous energy-consuming core and internal structure of the three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on the TPMS structure of the present invention. Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the microstructure of the interface between the 205 duplex steel substrate and the HVOF coating in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the diagram: 1-Pressure-bearing outer shell, 101-Fluid inlet end, 102-Fluid outlet end; 2-Composite energy absorption component, 21-Three-dimensional porous energy dissipation core, 22-Seamless sliding thrust plate, 23-Through hole, 24-Flow guide hole; 3-Swirl guide assembly, 31-Stator guide vane; 4-Central axis; 5-Helical spring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives and technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] To achieve the manufacturing of the complex internal topology flow channels of this invention, the core components of this device abandon the traditional subtractive machining method.

[0021] The swirl guiding component at the front end of this invention and the Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces (TPMS) porous metal energy-consuming core are formed by integrated additive manufacturing or precision casting process. Figure 5 This invention provides a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on a TPMS structure. Figure 5 As shown, the device includes fluid inlets and outlets at both ends, as well as a central pipe. The two ends are connected to other devices via bolts or other means. In a preferred embodiment, a high-precision lost foam casting containing complex channels and thickened edges can be first printed using SLA photosensitive resin 3D printing technology. Subsequently, combined with vacuum investment casting, a one-piece 2205 duplex stainless steel core package is cast. This manufacturing method ensures seamless integration of the complex micro-channels and extremely high overall impact resistance.

[0022] Example 1: like Figure 1As shown, the three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure in this embodiment includes a pressure-bearing shell 1 with a fluid flow channel; the fluid flow channel extending along the axial length of the pressure-bearing shell is divided into: a swirling and breaking (pressure reduction) zone I located at the fluid inlet end 101 and the fluid outlet end 102 of the pressure-bearing shell; in this embodiment, the length of the swirling and breaking zone on both sides of the pressure-bearing shell 1 is 120mm.

[0023] The mechanical buffer and energy dissipation zone II is located in the middle of the pressure-bearing shell, between the swirling crushing zone at the inlet end and the swirling crushing zone at the outlet end. The composite energy absorption component 2 is located in the mechanical buffer energy dissipation zone in the middle of the fluid flow channel of the pressure-bearing shell. The composite energy absorption component 2 is distributed symmetrically on the left and right. In order to solve the contradiction between resisting water hammer impact and preventing blockage of high solid content black water, the internal structure adopts a symmetrical three-section composite topology design with a total axial length Ltotal=300mm.

[0024] The swirling guide assembly 3 is fixed in the swirling breaking zone of the fluid flow channel to convert the fluid entering the composite energy absorption assembly 2 axially into a rotating fluid. The swirling guide assembly directly confronts the solid-containing jet that is approaching at a speed of 30 m / s.

[0025] The pressure-bearing shell 1 is provided with a central shaft 4 extending along the axial direction of the pressure-bearing shell 1. The two ends of the central shaft 4 are fixed to the swirl guide assembly 3 respectively. The central shaft 4 passes through the composite energy absorption assembly 2. The composite energy absorption assembly 2 reciprocates along the central shaft axial direction in the mechanical buffer energy dissipation zone II.

[0026] Depend on Figure 3 Combination Figure 4 As shown: The swirl guiding assembly 3 includes multiple stator guide vanes 31, which are respectively fixed in the swirl breaking zone of the fluid inlet end 101 and the fluid outlet end 102 of the pressure-bearing shell 1. By this Figure 4 As can be seen, the stator guide vanes 31 are arranged in a swept-back configuration facing the front, and several stator guide vanes 31 are evenly arranged in a ring around the central axis, and the included angle of adjacent stator guide vanes 31 is consistent.

[0027] The stator guide vane 31 forces the fluid undergoing linear impact to generate tangential acceleration, transforming it into a high-speed spiral vortex; Subsequently, the three-dimensional porous energy-dissipating core 21 utilizes a strong shear force mesh, such as Figure 8 This structure can instantly tear apart cavitation gas clouds and dissipate a large amount of impact kinetic energy.

[0028] Depend on Figure 3 Combination Figure 5 As shown: The composite energy absorption component 2 includes a three-dimensional porous energy dissipation core 21 and unsealed sliding thrust plates 22 located at both ends of the three-dimensional porous energy dissipation core 21; The unsealed sliding thrust plate 22 has a through hole 23 at its center for the central shaft to pass through, and several guide holes 24 arranged in a ring around the central shaft.

[0029] like Figure 6 As shown: the center of the helical spring 5 passes through the central shaft 4; the ends of the buffer stroke of the helical spring 5 are respectively provided with unsealed sliding thrust plates 22, which are connected to the opposite three-dimensional porous energy dissipation core 21; as can be seen from the structure in the figure, the helical spring 5 and the unsealed sliding thrust plates 22 at the ends of each buffer stroke form a buffer chamber.

[0030] like Figure 6 As shown: In this embodiment, the length of the buffer chamber between the three-dimensional porous energy-dissipating cores 21 is 60mm. The buffer chamber is a central buffer chamber without any solid unit cell obstruction. This allows residual high-pressure shock waves that have broken through the TPMS structure to push the unsealed sliding thrust plate 22 to compress the helical spring 5, further converting the mechanical energy of the water hammer into the elastic potential energy of the spring and the thermal energy of the fluid. Because there is a mechanical sliding gap between the unsealed sliding thrust plate 22 and the inner wall of the fluid channel within the pressure-bearing outer shell 1, the fatal defect of traditional pistons with sealing rings getting stuck in coal slag is completely eliminated.

[0031] Under steady-state conditions, the fluid flows smoothly into the three-dimensional porous energy-consuming core 21 through the guide hole 24.

[0032] Under the transient shock wave impact condition of water hammer, the transient ultra-large flow rate exceeds the flow threshold of the fluid throttling orifice, generating a huge local flow resistance, thereby forming a huge transient pressure difference on the water-facing side of the unsealed sliding thrust plate 22, driving the unsealed sliding thrust plate to slide inward against the preload of the central helical spring 5.

[0033] like Figure 8 As shown: The present invention is a three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure. The three-dimensional porous energy dissipation core 21 is a mesh continuous spatial fluid constructed based on the topological geometric features of TPMS. The flow cross-sectional area of ​​the channels in the mesh continuous spatial fluid changes periodically along the fluid flow direction.

[0034] Example 2: Combination Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment further introduces the material selection and surface hardening process of the water hammer suppression device based on Embodiment 1. Blackwater environments not only contain high concentrations of Cl- (400-800ppm) and H2S, but also contain high-hardness coal slag. This embodiment adopts a composite system of "high corrosion-resistant and tough substrate + ultra-hard ceramic phase shell": The matrix is ​​made of 2205 duplex stainless steel. Approximately 50% austenite provides fracture toughness and absorbs water hammer kinetic energy; approximately 50% ferrite provides high yield strength (Rp0.2 ≥ 450MPa). Its pitting resistance equivalent index (PREN) is calculated as follows: The process employs SLA photosensitive resin lost foam casting combined with vacuum casting precision casting.

[0035] The surface hardening layer is coated with WC-10Co-4Cr powder using the HVOF process. Tungsten carbide (WC) acts as the hard phase (86%) to resist the impact of hard ash slag; Co acts as the binder phase to provide toughness; and Cr forms a Cr2O3 passivation film to seal the microchannels.

[0036] For the complex spatial curved surface of the swirl guide component 3 and the three-dimensional porous energy-consuming core 21 facing the water, a six-axis industrial robot combined with offline trajectory planning technology based on a three-dimensional digital model was used for spraying. During the spraying process, the robot's spatial posture was linked in real time to ensure that the spray gun's spray axis was always strictly perpendicular to the tangent of the surface being sprayed (i.e., maintaining normal spraying), while maintaining a constant spraying target distance and moving linear speed. A multi-pass process with a set overlap rate (such as alternating spraying of 8 passes) was adopted to effectively overcome the "shadowing effect" caused by the complex topology, ensuring the density and thickness uniformity of the coating on the complex three-dimensional morphology from the process source. Finally, the total coating thickness was precisely controlled at 0.3 ± 0.05 mm, the porosity was ≤0.8%, and the bonding strength was ≥75 MPa.

[0037] The present invention is a three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure. The swirl guide component 3, the three-dimensional porous energy dissipation core, and the unsealed sliding thrust plate are all made of duplex stainless steel. At least the surface of the swirl guide component and the inner channel surface of the three-dimensional porous energy dissipation core are sprayed with a metal ceramic wear-resistant hardening coating.

[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure, characterized in that: It includes a pressure-bearing shell with a fluid flow channel; the fluid flow channel extending along the axial length of the pressure-bearing shell is divided into a swirling and breaking zone located at the fluid inlet end and the fluid outlet end of the pressure-bearing shell; The mechanical buffer and energy dissipation zone in the middle of the pressure-bearing shell is located between the swirling crushing zone at the inlet end and the swirling crushing zone at the outlet end. The composite energy absorption component includes a three-dimensional porous energy dissipation core; the composite energy absorption component is located in the mechanical buffer energy dissipation zone in the middle of the fluid flow channel of the pressure-bearing shell. The swirling guide assembly, fixed in the swirling breaking zone of the fluid flow channel, is used to convert the fluid entering the composite energy absorption assembly axially into a rotating fluid.

2. The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A central shaft is located inside the pressure-bearing shell and extends along the axial direction of the pressure-bearing shell. The two ends of the central shaft are respectively fixed to the swirl guide assembly. The central shaft passes through the composite energy absorption assembly. The composite energy absorption assembly reciprocates along the central shaft axial direction within the mechanical buffer energy dissipation zone.

3. The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The swirling guide includes multiple stator guide vanes, which are respectively fixed in the swirling and breaking zones at the fluid inlet and fluid outlet of the pressure-bearing shell. The stator guide vanes are arranged in a swept-back configuration facing the front, and several stator guide vanes are evenly arranged in a ring around the central axis, with adjacent stator guide vanes having the same included angle.

4. The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The composite energy absorption component includes: Three-dimensional porous energy-consuming core and unsealed sliding thrust plates located at both ends of the three-dimensional porous energy-consuming core; The three-dimensional porous energy-consuming core and the swirling guide at the fluid inflow end are equipped with a sealless sliding thrust plate; The three-dimensional porous energy-consuming core and the swirling guide at the fluid outlet are equipped with a sealless sliding thrust plate. The unsealed sliding thrust plate has a through hole at its center for the central shaft to pass through, and several guide holes arranged in a ring around the central shaft.

5. The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The composite energy-absorbing component is a helical spring, with the center of the helical spring passing through a central shaft; Unsealed sliding thrust plates are respectively provided at the ends of the buffer stroke of the helical spring, and the unsealed sliding thrust plates are connected to the opposite three-dimensional porous energy dissipation core; The helical spring and the unsealed sliding thrust plate at each end of the buffer stroke form a buffer chamber.

6. The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mechanical sliding gap without a flexible seal is provided between the outer edge of the unsealed sliding thrust plate and the inner wall of the fluid flow channel inside the pressure-bearing shell.

7. The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The three-dimensional porous energy-consuming core is a mesh-like continuous spatial fluid constructed based on the topological geometry of TPMS; the cross-sectional area of ​​the pores in the mesh-like continuous spatial fluid changes periodically along the fluid flow direction.

8. The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The swirl guide, the three-dimensional porous energy-consuming core, and the unsealed sliding thrust plate are all made of duplex stainless steel. At least a metal-ceramic wear-resistant hardening coating is sprayed onto the surface of the swirl guide component and the inner channel surface of the three-dimensional porous energy dissipation core.

9. The three-section anti-scouring water hammer suppression device based on TPMS structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The metal-ceramic wear-resistant hardening coating is a tungsten carbide-based coating prepared by supersonic flame spraying, and the porosity of the tungsten carbide-based coating is ≤0.8%.

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