Boiler slagging device and boiler comprising planar premix water-cooled gas burner

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of slag discharge equipment, and discloses a boiler slag discharge device and a boiler comprising a planar premixed water-cooled gas burner, which comprises a boiler body, a combustion assembly arranged outside the boiler body, and supporting plates symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the boiler body, and further comprises a slag discharge mechanism arranged at the middle part of the supporting plate farthest from the combustion assembly; the slag discharge mechanism comprises a motor arranged at the middle part of the supporting plate farthest from the combustion assembly, a slag discharge port arranged at the middle of the bottom of the boiler body, an elbow pipe arranged close to the motor of the boiler body, a sliding hole opened at one end of the elbow pipe close to the motor, a flexible shaft arranged in the elbow pipe, a connecting shaft arranged at one end of the flexible shaft close to the motor, a spline hole opened at one end of the connecting shaft close to the motor, and a spline shaft arranged in the spline hole. Through the arrangement of the slag discharge mechanism, the spatial isolation of the operation position and the high-temperature area is realized, and the slag discharge mechanism provides corresponding solutions for different blockage forms such as large blockages and small particle accumulations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ash removal equipment technology, and more particularly to boiler ash removal devices and boilers including planar premixed water-cooled gas burners. Background Technology

[0002] Ash removal devices and burners are key components for ensuring the safe and stable operation of boilers. Boiler ash removal devices are typically installed at the ash hopper or ash cooler outlet at the bottom of the boiler, and their main function is to transport the bottom ash generated during boiler combustion from inside the furnace to the outside. In traditional technologies, poor ash removal can easily lead to ash accumulation on the heating surfaces, causing heat transfer deterioration and coking. Furthermore, discontinuous ash removal can cause fluctuations in furnace negative pressure, affecting combustion efficiency. Planar premixed water-cooled gas burners are mainly used in gas-fired boilers. Traditional diffusion burners often face the problem of excessively high local flame temperatures, resulting in large emissions of thermal nitrogen oxides. Planar premixed water-cooled burners, by setting a planar burner head, allow for thorough premixing of gas and air before combustion and utilize a water-cooling structure to reduce the peak temperature in the combustion zone. This technical solution improves combustion efficiency while effectively reducing nitrogen oxide generation, representing an important development direction for current clean combustion technologies.

[0003] Traditional boilers are widely used in industry, but due to limitations in their structure and operating principles, they often present some significant problems. During boiler operation, the ash produced by fuel combustion often melts at high temperatures and adheres to form large pieces of coke. Existing conventional boiler ash removal devices typically only have a single conveying function and lack an effective mechanism for handling large pieces of ash. This makes it easy for large pieces of coke to mechanically jam or bridge at the ash removal port, causing blockage of the ash removal channel. Current methods for dealing with this blockage mainly rely on manual intervention. Operators must use rigid tools such as steel bars to reach into the boiler through the ash removal port and use external force to pry open the ash. However, this method poses significant safety risks: the boiler's internal environment is harsh, with high-temperature radiation, high pressure, and toxic fumes. Operators are highly susceptible to burns from high temperatures or burns caused by positive pressure flames in the furnace during ash removal, posing a significant safety hazard. Furthermore, manual ash removal has significant technical limitations. The steel rod can only locally disturb the blockage point from the outside, and cannot penetrate deep into the equipment to effectively break up the hard, large pieces of coke slag that have already formed. This results in poor continuity of slag removal operations, high operational difficulty, and severely restricts slag removal efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the existing technical problems that the ash discharge device has the function of crushing ash in the boiler, a boiler ash discharge device and a boiler including a planar premixed water-cooled gas burner are proposed.

[0005] Its purpose is to enable the slag discharge device to break up the slag inside the boiler and increase the safety of slag discharge.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is a boiler ash removal device and a boiler including a planar premixed water-cooled gas burner, including a boiler body, a combustion assembly disposed on the outside of the boiler body, support plates symmetrically disposed at the bottom of the boiler body, and also including an ash removal mechanism disposed in the middle of the support plate furthest from the combustion assembly. The ash removal mechanism includes a motor located in the middle of the support plate furthest from the combustion assembly, an ash removal port located in the center of the bottom of the boiler body, a bent pipe located near the motor in the boiler body, a sliding hole opened at the end of the bent pipe near the motor, a flexible shaft located inside the bent pipe, a connecting shaft located at the end of the flexible shaft near the motor, a spline hole opened at the end of the connecting shaft near the motor, a spline shaft located inside the spline hole, the end of the spline shaft away from the flexible shaft being fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, a circular plate located at the end of the connecting shaft near the motor, a crushing unit located at the end of the bent pipe away from the motor, and a reset unit located at the end of the bent pipe near the motor.

[0007] Furthermore, two vertical rods are linearly arranged in the middle of the bend and at the end near the motor, with the bottom and top ends of the vertical rods fixedly connected to the bend and the boiler body, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the bent tube is L-shaped, and a variable diameter hole is provided inside the bent tube. The inner wall of the variable diameter hole is slidably connected to the flexible shaft, and the end of the variable diameter hole near the motor is connected to the sliding hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the crushing unit includes a rotor disposed at the top of the bend, a through hole opened at the top of the rotor, a lifting rod disposed on the inner wall of the top of the bend, the top of the flexible shaft being fixedly connected to the lifting rod, and a stator disposed on the inner wall of the slag discharge port near the rotor.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner wall of the rotor is provided with a ring array of several guide bars, and the outer wall of the lifting rod is provided with a ring array of several guide grooves.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom end of the lifting rod is provided with a deep hole, the top inner wall of the deep hole is fixedly connected to the flexible shaft, the side of the rotor is provided with a ring array of several inclined slots, and the lower inclined surface of the stator is provided with a ring array of several straight slots.

[0012] Furthermore, a limiting groove is formed in the middle of the bottom surface of the rotor, and a limiting ring is provided at the top of the bent tube. The outer wall of the limiting ring is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the reset unit includes a horizontal bar on the vertical rod at the end of the bent tube near the motor, a swing fork at the bottom of the horizontal bar, and a spring sleeved on the outside of the connecting shaft, with the two ends of the spring abutting against the bent tube and the circular plate respectively.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By incorporating a slag removal mechanism, spatial isolation between the operating area and the high-temperature zone is achieved. Workers can complete unblocking operations in the low-temperature zone, avoiding direct contact with high-temperature slag and eliminating the risk of burns. This mechanism utilizes a transmission component to transmit power, adapting to the narrow space at the bottom of the boiler and ensuring installation stability. For different blockage patterns, such as large pieces stuck or small particles accumulating, the slag removal mechanism provides corresponding solutions, reducing reliance on additional tools. This structural design enhances the equipment's versatility, meeting diverse operational needs. Simultaneously, the enclosed transmission structure prevents dust intrusion, reducing the failure rate and ensuring the long-term reliability of the device. This, in turn, improves the overall safety performance and applicability of the boiler system. 2. By setting up a crushing unit, the blockage caused by large pieces of slag inside the boiler is forcibly treated, improving operational efficiency. Large pieces of slag stuck at the slag discharge port can block the slag discharge process. The crushing unit uses the shearing force generated by mechanical movement to break down the large volume of slag into small particles, making them meet emission standards. This process replaces manual cleaning, shortens unblocking time, and ensures the continuity of boiler operation. The mechanized crushing method has stable force and uniform processing effect, avoiding the uncertainty of manual operation. The timely crushing and discharge of slag maintains the smooth flow of the slag discharge port, prevents the accumulation of slag in the furnace, and ensures the thermal performance of the boiler system. Thus, it effectively solves the problem of difficult cleaning of large pieces of slag and improves overall work efficiency.

[0015] 3. By setting up a reset unit, it complements the crushing unit, addressing complex blockage conditions and improving safety. The crushing unit targets hard, large pieces of slag, while the reset unit handles small particle buildup and adhesion. Together, they cover all types of slag discharge blockage. The reset unit loosens the accumulated slag through reciprocating motion, breaking up material bridging and overcoming the limitations of a single rotary crusher. Operationally, the reset unit allows workers to operate remotely via external control, avoiding the risk of heat exposure from opening the furnace door. This non-contact cleaning method isolates high-temperature damage and protects operators. The comprehensive functional configuration ensures the applicability of the device under different blockage conditions, achieving a smooth and safe slag discharge process. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the slag discharge mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the motor and the support plate of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the boiler body and the slag discharge port of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the stator and rotor in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the stator and the bend in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the stator and lifting rod structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the lifting rod and the bent pipe of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the bent pipe structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the connecting shaft and the spline of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the swing fork and the circular plate of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the motor and the spline shaft of the present invention.

[0017] In the picture: 1. Boiler body; 2. Combustion assembly; 3. Support plate; 4. Ash discharge mechanism; 41. Motor; 42. Ash discharge port; 43. Bend; 44. Sliding hole; 45. Flexible shaft; 46. Connecting shaft; 47. Spline hole; 48. Spline shaft; 49. Circular plate; 410. Rotor; 411. Through hole; 412. Lifting rod; 413. Stator; 414. Crossbar; 415. Swing fork; 416. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Example 1, referring to Figures 1-12This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a boiler ash removal device and a boiler including a planar premixed water-cooled gas burner. The boiler includes a boiler body 1, a combustion assembly 2 fixedly connected to the outside of the boiler body 1, and support plates 3 symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the boiler body 1. It also includes an ash removal mechanism 4 installed in the middle of the support plate 3 furthest from the combustion assembly 2. The ash removal mechanism 4 includes a motor 41 fixedly connected to the middle of the support plate 3 furthest from the combustion assembly 2, an ash removal port 42 fixedly connected to the center of the bottom of the boiler body 1, and a bent pipe 43 fixedly connected to the boiler body 1 near the motor 41. The tube 43 has a sliding hole 44 near the motor 41, a flexible shaft 45 slidably connected inside the tube 43, a connecting shaft 46 fixedly connected to the flexible shaft 45 near the motor 41, a spline hole 47 opened in the connecting shaft 46 near the motor 41, a spline shaft 48 slidably connected inside the spline hole 47, the end of the spline shaft 48 away from the flexible shaft 45 fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 41, a circular plate 49 fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 46 near the motor 41, a crushing unit assembled in the end of the tube 43 away from the motor 41, and a reset unit assembled in the end of the tube 43 near the motor 41.

[0020] Specifically, when slag discharge blockage occurs in the boiler, operators can choose different methods to clear the blockage depending on the severity. When large pieces of slag block the slag discharge port 42, they will obstruct the flow of other slag between the rotor 410 and the stator 413, preventing it from falling. In this case, the motor 41 is started, and its output shaft drives the spline connected to it to rotate. The spline drives the connecting shaft 46 to rotate synchronously, and the rotation of the connecting shaft 46 simultaneously drives the flexible shaft 45 to rotate. The flexible shaft 45 then transmits the force to the lifting rod 412. The lifting rod 412 is rotated, which drives the rotor 410 to rotate. Due to the constraint of the bent pipe 43, the rotor 410 can only rotate in place. After the rotor 410 rotates, it crushes the slag through the inclined groove on the side. While the slag is being crushed, there is relative movement between the slag and the stator 413. At this time, the slag will be crushed by the straight groove of the stator 413, which improves the crushing efficiency. After the volume of the slag is reduced to be able to pass through the gap between the stator 413 and the rotor 410, it will fall and fall out from the slag discharge port 42.

[0021] Reference Figures 1-5 Two vertical rods are linearly arranged in the middle of the bend 43 and the end near the motor 41. The bottom and top of the vertical rods are fixedly connected to the bend 43 and the boiler body 1, respectively.

[0022] Specifically, the bend 43 is connected to the boiler body 1 by two vertical rods, which fixes the bend 43 and ensures that the bend 43 remains stable when the flexible shaft 45 rotates.

[0023] Reference Figures 1-10The bend 43 is L-shaped and has a variable diameter hole inside. The inner wall of the variable diameter hole is slidably connected to the flexible shaft 45. The end of the variable diameter hole near the motor 41 is connected to the sliding hole 44.

[0024] Specifically, the bend 43 constrains the flexible shaft 45 through the variable diameter hole, causing the flexible shaft 45 to bend in a fixed direction.

[0025] Example 2, refer to Figures 1-12 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the crushing unit includes a rotor 410 rotatably connected to the top of the bend 43, a through hole 411 opened on the top of the rotor 410, a lifting rod 412 slidably connected to the inner wall of the top of the bend 43, the top of the flexible shaft 45 being fixedly connected to the lifting rod 412, and a stator 413 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slag discharge port 42 near the rotor 410.

[0026] Specifically, the lifting rod 412 rotates after being driven by the flexible shaft 45. The lifting rod 412 cooperates with the rotor 410 through the through hole 411. Since the cross-section of the through hole 411 is not circular, the lifting rod 412 will drive the rotor 410 to rotate while rotating. The rotor 410 is equipped with inclined grooves to increase the surface roughness and crush the material slag when rotating.

[0027] Reference Figures 5-7 The inner wall of the rotor 410 is provided with a ring array of several guide bars, and the outer wall of the lifting rod 412 is provided with a ring array of several guide grooves.

[0028] Specifically, the rotor 410 cooperates with the lifting rod 412 through guide bars and guide grooves, so that the lifting rod 412 and the rotor 410 only have the degree of freedom of relative vertical movement.

[0029] Reference Figures 5-8 The bottom end of the lifting rod 412 has a deep hole, and the inner wall of the top of the deep hole is fixedly connected to the flexible shaft 45. The side of the rotor 410 has a ring array of several inclined slots, and the lower inclined surface of the stator 413 has a ring array of several straight slots.

[0030] Specifically, the lifting rod 412 engages with the top of the flexible shaft 45 through the telescopic hole, increasing the contact area with the flexible shaft 45 and maintaining the stability of the connection. When the rotor 410 rotates, the stator 413 and the rotor are in a state of relative rotation. When large pieces of slag come into contact with the stator 413 and the rotor at the same time, they will be crushed by both the stator 413 and the rotor 410.

[0031] Reference Figures 6-8 A limiting groove is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the rotor 410, and a limiting ring is provided at the top of the bend 43. The outer wall of the limiting ring is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove.

[0032] Specifically, the rotor 410 is engaged with the limiting ring through the limiting groove, so that the rotor 410 has only the degree of freedom of motion to rotate in place.

[0033] Reference Figures 1-12 The reset unit includes a horizontal bar 414 fixedly connected to the vertical bar at one end of the bent tube 43 near the motor 41, a swing fork 415 rotatably connected to the bottom of the horizontal bar 414, and a spring 416 sleeved on the outside of the connecting shaft 46. The two ends of the spring 416 abut against the bent tube 43 and the circular plate 49, respectively.

[0034] Specifically, the crossbar 414 constrains the swing fork 415, allowing it to rotate only around its connection point with the crossbar 414. When small particles of slag accumulate and block the discharge port 42, the swing fork 415 is rotated, causing its end near the connecting shaft 46 to swing towards the discharge port 42. Simultaneously, the swing fork 415 moves the circular plate 49, which in turn causes the spring 416 to store energy. This movement of the circular plate 49 also causes the connecting shaft 46 to move. Since the splined shaft 48 is located inside the splined hole 47, even after the connecting shaft 46 moves, a portion of the splined shaft 48 remains connected to the connecting shaft 46 through the splined hole 47. Next, as the connecting shaft 46 moves, it pushes the flexible shaft 45 to extend towards the top of the bent pipe 43 through the variable diameter hole of the bent rod. The flexible shaft 45 drives the lifting rod 412 to extend at the same time. After contacting the drive of the swing fork 415, the spring 416 drives the connecting shaft 46 to reset. The flexible shaft 45 and the lifting rod 412 will reset at the same time. By making the swing fork 415 swing back and forth, the lifting rod 412 can be extended and retracted up and down. When the lifting rod 412 extends and retracts up and down, it will dissipate the accumulated slag at the top of the slag discharge port 42 and relieve the blockage caused by their mutual compression. During this operation, the operator does not need to directly insert a tool into the slag discharge port 42, which increases safety. The rest of the structure is the same as the structure of Embodiment 1.

[0035] Based on embodiments 1-2, the working principle of this invention is as follows: If the blockage is caused by a large piece of slag stuck in the slag discharge port 42, the motor 41 needs to be started. The output shaft of the motor 41 then rotates at high speed, driving the fixedly connected splined shaft 48 to rotate synchronously. The splined shaft 48 transmits the rotational torque to the connecting shaft 46 through the spline hole 47. The connecting shaft 46 then drives the flexible shaft 45 fixedly connected to its end to rotate. Since the flexible shaft 45 is constrained in the variable diameter hole inside the L-shaped bend 43, the bend 43 guides and supports the flexible shaft 45, allowing its rotational torque to overcome resistance and be transmitted to the lifting rod 412 located at the top of the bend 43. During rotation, the guide groove on the outer wall ring cooperates with the guide strip on the inner wall of the rotor 410. Under the constraint of the guide structure, the lifting rod 412 drives the rotor 410 to rotate synchronously inside the stator 413. At this time, the inclined groove on the side of the rotor 410 and the straight groove on the lower inclined surface of the stator 413 fixed on the inner wall of the slag discharge port 42 form a shearing and crushing structure. Large pieces of slag are subjected to strong compression, shearing and grinding in the relative high-speed movement of the rotor 410 and the stator 413, and are forcibly crushed into smaller particles. When the volume of the slag is reduced to be able to pass through the gap between the rotor 410 and the stator 413, it falls naturally under the action of gravity and is discharged smoothly, thus completely solving the jamming problem. If the blockage is caused by small particles of slag being squeezed together at the slag discharge port 42, resulting in bridging or adhesion, simple rotation will not be effective in clearing the blockage. In this case, a reciprocating physical clearing process using a reset unit is required. The operator operates the swing fork 415, whose end pushes the circular plate 49 outside the connecting shaft 46 towards the slag discharge port 42. This action forces the connecting shaft 46 to overcome the elastic force of the spring 416 and undergo axial displacement. During this movement, the connecting shaft 46 pushes the flexible shaft 45, causing it to extend upward within the diameter-changing hole of the bend 43. This, in turn, causes the lifting rod 412 to extend upward. As the lifting rod 412 moves upward, it directly pushes and agitates the slag accumulated at the top of the slag discharge port 42, breaking the squeezing between the slag particles. Under balanced force, when the operator releases the swing fork 415, the compressed spring 416 releases its stored elasticity, driving the connecting shaft 46 and the flexible shaft 45 to reset. The lifting rod 412 then retracts. Through the reciprocating swing operation of the swing fork 415, the lifting rod 412 forms a reciprocating motion of up and down extension at the slag discharge port 42, loosening and dispersing the mutually compressed slag, causing it to lose support and collapse and slide down, thus relieving the blockage. This design avoids the operator having to directly insert tools into the high-temperature slag discharge port 42 when clearing blockages caused by small particle accumulation, improving operational safety. Furthermore, the combination of motor 41 driving the crushing and manual mechanical reciprocating clearing can flexibly cope with various complex blockage conditions, ensuring the smoothness and continuity of the boiler slag discharge process.

[0036] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A boiler ash removal device and a boiler including a planar premixed water-cooled gas burner, comprising a boiler body (1), a combustion assembly (2) disposed on the outside of the boiler body (1), and support plates (3) symmetrically disposed at the bottom of the boiler body (1), characterized in that: It also includes a slag discharge mechanism (4) located in the middle of the support plate (3) furthest from the combustion assembly (2); The ash discharge mechanism (4) includes a motor (41) located in the middle of the support plate (3) furthest from the combustion assembly (2), an ash discharge port (42) located in the middle of the bottom of the boiler body (1), a bent pipe (43) located in the boiler body (1) near the motor (41), a sliding hole (44) opened in the bent pipe (43) near the motor (41), a flexible shaft (45) located inside the bent pipe (43), and a connecting shaft (46) located in the flexible shaft (45) near the motor (41). A spline hole (47) is opened on the connecting shaft (46) near the motor (41), a spline shaft (48) is set inside the spline hole (47), the end of the spline shaft (48) away from the flexible shaft (45) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (41), a circular plate (49) is set on the connecting shaft (46) near the motor (41), a crushing unit is set on the bent tube (43) away from the motor (41), and a reset unit is set on the bent tube (43) near the motor (41).

2. The boiler ash removal device and the boiler comprising a planar premixed water-cooled gas burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two vertical rods are arranged in a linear array at the middle part of the bend (43) and the end near the motor (41). The bottom and top of the vertical rods are fixedly connected to the bend (43) and the boiler body (1), respectively.

3. The boiler ash removal device and the boiler comprising a planar premixed water-cooled gas burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bend (43) is L-shaped, and a variable diameter hole is provided inside the bend (43). The inner wall of the variable diameter hole is slidably connected to the flexible shaft (45), and the end of the variable diameter hole near the motor (41) is connected to the sliding hole (44).

4. The boiler ash removal device and the boiler comprising a planar premixed water-cooled gas burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing unit includes a rotor (410) disposed on the top of the bend (43), a through hole (411) opened on the top of the rotor (410), a lifting rod (412) disposed on the inner wall of the top of the bend (43), the top of the flexible shaft (45) being fixedly connected to the lifting rod (412), and a stator (413) disposed on the inner wall of the slag discharge port (42) near the rotor (410).

5. The boiler ash removal device and the boiler comprising a planar premixed water-cooled gas burner according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the rotor (410) is provided with a number of guide bars in an annular array, and the outer wall of the lifting rod (412) is provided with a number of guide grooves in an annular array.

6. The boiler ash removal device and the boiler comprising a planar premixed water-cooled gas burner according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom end of the lifting rod (412) has a deep hole, the top inner wall of the deep hole is fixedly connected to the flexible shaft (45), the side of the rotor (410) has a number of inclined slots in an annular array, and the lower side of the stator (413) has a number of straight slots in an annular array.

7. The boiler ash removal device and the boiler comprising a planar premixed water-cooled gas burner according to claim 4, characterized in that: A limiting groove is provided in the middle of the bottom surface of the rotor (410), and a limiting ring is provided at the top of the bent pipe (43). The outer wall of the limiting ring is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove.

8. The boiler ash removal device and the boiler comprising a planar premixed water-cooled gas burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset unit includes a horizontal bar (414) on the vertical bar of the bent tube (43) near the motor (41), a swing fork (415) at the bottom of the horizontal bar (414), and a spring (416) sleeved on the outside of the connecting shaft (46). The two ends of the spring (416) abut against the bent tube (43) and the circular plate (49) respectively.

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