Triple interlocking anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water supplement preheating system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of triple interlocking anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment preheating system and method, system includes erecting at the top of heat exchange station solar heat collection module, water replenishment pressure stabilizing tank, water inlet circulation pipeline and backwater circulation pipeline, water inlet electric electromagnetic valve, water outlet electric electromagnetic valve, circulating booster pump, water tank temperature sensor, heat collection cavity temperature sensor, illumination sensor and PLC control host computer;Solar heat collection module is connected by circulation pipeline water replenishment pressure stabilizing tank, each execution element and sensing component are electrically connected PLC control host computer.The application builds closed solar preheating circulating waterway and multi-parameter unified electric control architecture, effectively solves the technical defects that traditional preheating equipment lacks multi-dimensional collaborative monitoring components, without centralized control hub, heat collection waterway integration is low, can realize heat exchange station water replenishment automation preheating, energy saving and operating stability significantly improve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solar energy-saving water replenishment technology for heat exchange stations, specifically relating to a triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment preheating system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the secondary pipe network of centralized heating heat exchange stations generally adopts the operation method of directly replenishing water with ambient temperature cold water. The large temperature difference between the cold water and the pipe network medium will significantly increase the operating load of the heat exchange unit and the heat loss of the pipe network, reducing the overall energy efficiency of the heating system. The existing solar water replenishment and preheating devices have a relatively simple structure and control logic, and lack a multi-parameter interlocking start-up mechanism, relying solely on a single temperature parameter to control the cycle start and stop. On cloudy days, at night, or under conditions of insufficient collector temperature difference, the temperature of the collector chamber is prone to falling below the water temperature of the water tank, causing reverse circulation of the medium and resulting in reverse loss of preheated heat from the water tank, leading to poor energy-saving effect. At the same time, the existing system lacks high-temperature overload shutdown protection function. Excessive water temperature can easily cause aging and damage to pipelines, pumps, and electrical control equipment. In addition, there are problems such as low temperature measurement accuracy, susceptibility to light acquisition interference, and insufficient pipeline insulation and sealing. The equipment has poor operating stability and high energy consumption, making it difficult to meet the long-term continuous, high-efficiency, and energy-saving water replenishment and preheating needs of heat exchange stations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment preheating system and method to solve the technical defects of existing solar water replenishment preheating devices, such as lack of multi-parameter interlocking control, easy generation of reverse heat dissipation of the medium, and lack of high temperature shutdown protection, as well as the technical defects of traditional equipment, such as low temperature measurement accuracy, easy interference of light acquisition, poor operation stability, and poor preheating energy saving effect.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: The first aspect of this application provides a triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment preheating system, comprising: A solar thermal collector module is installed on the top of the heat exchange station, and the solar thermal collector module is equipped with an inlet water circulation pipe and a return water circulation pipe. The water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank is connected to the inlet water circulation pipeline and the return water circulation pipeline, respectively; An electric solenoid valve for water inlet is installed on the water inlet circulation pipeline; The outlet electric solenoid valve is installed in the return water circulation pipeline; The circulating booster pump is electrically connected to the inlet solenoid valve and the outlet solenoid valve. The water tank temperature sensor is located inside the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank; A temperature sensor for the solar collector cavity is installed inside the solar collector module; A light sensor is installed outside the heat exchange station; The PLC control host is electrically connected to the circulating booster pump, the inlet electric solenoid valve, the outlet electric solenoid valve, the water tank temperature sensor, the heat collection chamber temperature sensor, and the light sensor.

[0005] In one optional embodiment, the triple interlocking start module collects the detection signals output by the light sensor, the water tank temperature sensor, and the heat collection cavity temperature sensor, respectively. When the solar radiation intensity meets the heat collection threshold, the water temperature of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank is lower than the start-up set temperature, and the internal medium temperature of the solar heat collection module is higher than the water temperature of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank, the PLC control host synchronously outputs drive signals to the circulating booster pump, the inlet electric solenoid valve, and the outlet electric solenoid valve.

[0006] In one optional embodiment, the PLC control host integrates a high-temperature shutdown module; The water tank temperature sensor is connected to the high-temperature shutdown module and is used to transmit the real-time temperature detection signal of the water tank to the high-temperature shutdown module. The high-temperature shutdown module is connected to the circulating booster pump, the inlet electric solenoid valve, and the outlet electric solenoid valve respectively, and is used to synchronously output shutdown drive signals.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, the solar thermal collector module includes a plurality of thermal collector units; Several of the aforementioned heat collection units are connected in series from end to end.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the water tank temperature sensor is embedded in the lower middle side of the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank. The temperature sensor of the heat collection cavity is attached and fixed to the inner wall of the medium cavity of the solar heat collection module.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, it further includes: A reverse temperature control protection module, which is integrated inside the PLC control host; The temperature sensor of the heat collection cavity and the temperature sensor of the water tank are both electrically connected to the reverse temperature control protection module.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, it further includes: A fixed bracket is used to mount the light sensor outside the heat exchange station.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, it further includes an inlet water circulation pipe, a return water circulation pipe, and a flange sealing joint; The inlet and outlet water circulation pipes are detachably connected to the solar thermal collector module and the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank respectively through flange sealing joints at both ends.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank is provided with a water replenishment outlet; The water supply outlet is connected to the water supply pipeline of the secondary pipeline network of the heat exchange station. The water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank contains water preheated by solar energy and supplies replenishment water to the secondary pipeline network.

[0013] A second aspect of this application provides a method for preheating solar water supply in a triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station. The method employs the triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water supply preheating system described above, comprising: The solar radiation intensity, water temperature of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank, and temperature of the medium cavity of the solar collector module are continuously and synchronously collected by the light sensor, water tank temperature sensor, and collector cavity temperature sensor, and all detection signals are transmitted to the PLC control host in real time. The PLC control host synchronously determines three operating conditions through the triple interlocking start module. When the solar radiation intensity meets the standard, the water temperature of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank is lower than the start-up set temperature, and the medium temperature of the solar collector module is higher than the water temperature of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank, it synchronously outputs a drive signal to start the circulating booster pump and opens the inlet electric solenoid valve and the outlet electric solenoid valve, so that the medium enters the closed-loop heat collection cycle. During the heat collection cycle, the reverse temperature control protection module compares the temperature of the heat collection chamber with that of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank in real time. If the temperature of the medium in the heat collection chamber is lower than that of the water in the tank, the drive signal is cut off to lock the circulation booster pump and stop the heat collection cycle to prevent heat loss in the reverse direction. The high-temperature shutdown module receives the temperature signal from the water tank temperature sensor in real time. When the water temperature in the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank reaches the upper limit threshold, it simultaneously outputs a shutdown drive signal to cut off the circulating booster pump, the inlet electric solenoid valve and the outlet electric solenoid valve, thus terminating the heat collection cycle. After preheating, the water is stored in the water replenishment and pressure stabilization tank and then transported to the secondary water replenishment pipeline of the heat exchange station through the water replenishment outlet to complete the water replenishment operation.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting up solar thermal collector modules, water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tanks, multi-way electric solenoid valves, circulating booster pumps, various types of temperature sensors, light sensors and PLC control hosts, a closed solar preheating circulating water circuit and a multi-parameter unified electrical control architecture are built, which effectively solves the technical defects of traditional preheating equipment, such as lack of multi-dimensional collaborative monitoring components, lack of centralized control center and low integration of hot water circuit.

[0015] 2. By integrating a triple interlocking start module into the PLC control host, the detection signals of the light sensor, water tank temperature sensor, and heat collection chamber temperature sensor are collected simultaneously. Only when all three heat collection conditions are met simultaneously will the circulating booster pump and the two solenoid valves be driven to work synchronously. This effectively solves the technical defects of traditional devices that only have single temperature control and no multi-parameter interlocking, resulting in ineffective energy consumption due to idling under weak light and low temperature conditions.

[0016] 3. By integrating a high-temperature shutdown module into the PLC control host, the water tank temperature sensor transmits water temperature signals to the module in real time. When the water temperature exceeds the limit, the circulating booster pump, the inlet electric solenoid valve, and the outlet electric solenoid valve are shut down simultaneously. This effectively solves the technical defects of the existing system, which lacks high-temperature overload protection and causes pipeline aging and overload damage to pump and valve electrical control components due to continuous rise in water temperature.

[0017] 4. By connecting several solar collector units in series to form a solar collector module, multiple units share a single set of circulation pipelines and a water supply and pressure stabilizing tank, effectively solving the technical defects of limited solar collector area and insufficient heating power of a single solar collector module, as well as slow water supply and heating speed and low preheating efficiency in large heat exchange stations.

[0018] 5. By embedding the water tank temperature sensor in the lower part of the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank and arranging the heat collection chamber temperature sensor against the inner wall of the medium chamber, the true temperature of the water and circulating medium is collected, effectively solving the technical defects of arbitrary sensor placement, poor representativeness of temperature measurement points, and large deviations in interlocking control judgment caused by temperature acquisition distortion.

[0019] 6. By integrating a reverse temperature control protection module inside the PLC control host, the system synchronously receives signals from the water tank temperature sensor and the heat collection chamber temperature sensor and compares the temperature difference in real time. When the heat collection temperature is lower than the water tank temperature, the circulation loop is locked, effectively solving the core technical defects of existing devices that lack a reverse blocking structure, resulting in reverse circulation of the medium and a large loss of preheating heat when the temperature difference is reversed.

[0020] 7. By configuring a dedicated fixed bracket to install the light sensor on the unobstructed area of ​​the heat exchange station roof, and using shielded signal cable to transmit the detection signal, the technical defects of light sensor, such as lack of dedicated installation structure, easy obstruction of the deployment location, signal interference from electrical sources in the station, and distortion of light acquisition data, are effectively solved.

[0021] 8. The inlet and outlet water circulation pipelines are made of insulated pipes. The two ends of the pipelines are connected to the solar collector module and the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank by flange sealing joints. This effectively solves the technical defects of conventional pipelines, such as poor insulation performance, poor joint sealing and easy heat and water leakage, and complicated pipeline disassembly, assembly and maintenance.

[0022] 9. By setting a dedicated water supply outlet in the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank, the outlet is directly connected to the secondary water supply pipeline of the heat exchange station, and the preheated water body is directly supplied to the water supply network. This effectively solves the technical defects of the preheated water not having a dedicated output channel, the inability to directly utilize the warm water, and the need for secondary heating of the heat exchange unit, which results in high energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment and preheating system provided by the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Solar collector module; 2. Water supply and pressure stabilizing tank; 3. Temperature sensor for collector cavity; 4. Flange sealing joint; 5. Inlet water circulation pipeline; 6. Return water circulation pipeline; 7. Shielded signal line; 8. Light sensor; 9. Fixed bracket; 10. Circulation booster pump; 11. Inlet electric solenoid valve; 12. PLC control host; 13. Outlet electric solenoid valve; 14. Water supply and outlet interface; 15. Secondary water supply pipeline of heat exchange station; 16. Water tank temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0027] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0028] To address the technical deficiencies mentioned in the background section, this embodiment provides a triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment and preheating system and method.

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1As shown, in a first aspect of the present invention, a triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment and preheating system is provided, comprising: a solar collector module 1, mounted on the top of the heat exchange station, the solar collector module 1 having an inlet water circulation pipe 5 and a return water circulation pipe 6; a water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2, connected to the inlet water circulation pipe 5 and the return water circulation pipe 6 respectively; an inlet electric solenoid valve 11, installed on the inlet water circulation pipe 5; an outlet electric solenoid valve 13, installed on the return water circulation pipe 6; and a circulation booster pump. 10, electrically connected to the inlet solenoid valve 11 and the outlet solenoid valve 13; water tank temperature sensor 16, located inside the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2; solar collector temperature sensor 3, installed inside the solar collector module 1; light sensor 8, located outside the heat exchange station; PLC control host 12, electrically connected to the circulating booster pump 10, the inlet solenoid valve 11, the outlet solenoid valve 13, the water tank temperature sensor 16, the solar collector temperature sensor 3, and the light sensor 8 respectively.

[0030] In this embodiment, the solar collector module 1 is installed on the roof of the heat exchange station in an open, unobstructed area to fully receive daytime solar radiation. The solar collector module 1 is composed of multiple independent collector units connected in series. The collector units adopt a flat solar collector panel structure, and a medium circulation coil is set inside each collector unit. After multiple units are connected in series, the total heat collection area can be flexibly expanded to adapt to the water replenishment and preheating load of heat exchange stations of different heating scales. Small community heat exchange stations can be configured with 2 sets of collector units connected in series, while large regional heat exchange stations can be configured with 6 to 10 sets of collector units connected in series. Multiple collector units share the same set of inlet water circulation pipe 5 and return water circulation pipe 6, eliminating the need to provide separate independent water circuits and electrical control components for new collector units, which greatly reduces the overall equipment modification and supporting costs. The series-arranged heat collection units can be flexibly arranged to fit the sloping or flat roof structure of the heat exchange station, making full use of the limited installation space on the roof. Under the same solar radiation intensity, the total heat absorption of the water body is increased, the heating time of the water body inside the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2 is shortened, and the secondary heating load of the heat exchange unit is continuously reduced.

[0031] In this embodiment, the solar collector module 1 is connected to the inlet water circulation pipe 5 and the return water circulation pipe 6 on both sides. The inlet water circulation pipe 5 serves as a low-temperature medium transportation channel, transporting the room-temperature water inside the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2 to the medium cavity of the solar collector module 1 to complete heat absorption and heating. The return water circulation pipe 6 serves as a high-temperature medium return channel, transporting the warm water that has completed heat absorption inside the solar collector module 1 back to the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2 for storage.

[0032] In this embodiment, both the inlet circulation pipe 5 and the return circulation pipe 6 are made of rigid polyurethane insulated pipes, with a complete insulation protective layer wrapped around the outer layer of the pipes. This significantly reduces heat loss to the external environment during water transportation and avoids ineffective loss of preheating energy absorbed by the solar energy. Both ends of the inlet circulation pipe 5 and the return circulation pipe 6 are equipped with flange sealing joints 4. The flange sealing joints 4 use rubber sealing gaskets and bolt locking structures to achieve detachable and sealed connections between the two ends of the pipes and the inlet and outlet of the medium cavity of the solar collector module 1 and the water interface of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2. The flange sealing joints 4 allow for pipe disassembly and assembly without on-site pipe cutting. During subsequent maintenance and replacement of the solar collector module 1 or pipe blockage cleaning, the pipes and equipment can be separated simply by loosening the flange bolts, greatly improving the convenience of operation and maintenance. At the same time, the flange sealing structure can withstand the normal circulating water pressure of the heating system, preventing medium leakage.

[0033] In this embodiment, the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2 is a horizontal pressure-bearing and heat-insulating water storage tank, which is arranged on the floor of the indoor machine room of the heat exchange station. The inside of the tank is hollow to form a water storage chamber, which is used to hold the water that has been preheated by the solar thermal collector module 1 and stably store the preheated water to continuously supply the secondary pipeline network for water replenishment operations. Two sets of circulating water interfaces are opened on the side wall of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2. The two sets of interfaces are respectively connected to the inlet circulating pipe 5 and the return circulating pipe 6 to form a complete closed-loop heat collection circulating water circuit. A dedicated water supply outlet interface 14 is set on the bottom side wall of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2. The water supply outlet interface 14 is connected to the secondary network water supply pipe 15 of the heat exchange station through a direct connection pipe. The preheated water stored inside the tank can be directly transported to the secondary network water supply pipe 15 through the water supply outlet interface 14, directly participating in the heating network water supply process. This significantly reduces the temperature difference between the supply water and the high-temperature medium inside the heating network, reduces the heat exchange load of the heat exchange unit, and reduces the overall electricity and heat energy consumption of the heating system. The water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2 adopts an overall heat-insulating sandwich structure. The sandwich is filled with heat-insulating material to prevent the preheated water inside the tank from naturally dissipating heat and cooling down. It stably maintains a standard water supply temperature range of 45℃ to 50℃, meeting the water supply temperature requirements of the secondary network.

[0034] In this embodiment, an inlet solenoid valve 11 is fixedly installed in the middle section of the inlet circulation pipe 5. The inlet solenoid valve 11 serves as the on / off control element for the inlet passage, controlling the opening and closing of the passage for supplying low-temperature water to the solar collector module 1. A corresponding outlet solenoid valve 13 is installed in the middle section of the return circulation pipe 6. The outlet solenoid valve 13 controls the medium passage for the return of high-temperature preheated water to the replenishment and pressure stabilizing water tank 2. A circulation booster pump 10 is arranged in series in the section of the inlet circulation pipe 5 between the replenishment and pressure stabilizing water tank 2 and the inlet solenoid valve 11. The circulation booster pump 10 establishes synchronous electrical connections with the inlet solenoid valve 11 and the outlet solenoid valve 13, respectively. All three synchronously receive drive and stop electrical signals output by the PLC control host 12, realizing synchronous conduction and synchronous cut-off of the water circuit, avoiding the problem of medium stagnation and local water pressure imbalance caused by the individual opening and closing of a single valve.

[0035] In this embodiment, the circulating booster pump 10 is a low-noise vertical pipeline booster pump, which is suitable for the low flow and constant temperature circulation conditions of the closed circulating water circuit of the heat exchange station. The pump body is equipped with a shock-absorbing base to reduce the noise of the machine room and to meet the long-term continuous start-stop operation requirements of the heat exchange station.

[0036] In this embodiment, the water tank temperature sensor 16, the heat collection chamber temperature sensor 3, and the light sensor 8 are all electrically connected to the PLC control host 12 through the shielded signal line 7. The shielded signal line 7 is provided with a metal shielding layer, which can isolate the electromagnetic signal interference generated by the operation of the circulating booster pump 10 and various electric valves inside the heat exchange station machine room, and ensure that the sensing detection signal is transmitted to the PLC control host 12 stably and without distortion.

[0037] The water tank temperature sensor 16 is embedded and fixed inside the lower middle part of the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2, avoiding the high-temperature water layer on the surface of the tank and the low-temperature sediment water layer at the bottom. The collected data can accurately reflect the average temperature of the water inside the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2, avoiding the control system from misjudging the start and stop due to local high temperature on the surface. The water tank temperature sensor 16 adopts an insertion-type platinum resistance temperature probe, which is completely immersed in the water body. The temperature acquisition response speed is fast and the measurement accuracy is high. It transmits the real-time water temperature detection signal inside the water tank to the PLC control host 12 in real time.

[0038] The collector cavity temperature sensor 3 is attached and fixed to the inner wall of the medium cavity of the solar collector module 1. The probe directly contacts the heat exchange medium circulating inside the medium cavity, accurately capturing the real-time temperature value of the medium inside the solar collector module 1, and providing complete feedback on the actual working condition of the heat collection unit absorbing heat and raising its temperature. The collector cavity temperature sensor 3 and the water tank temperature sensor 16 work together to form a dual temperature acquisition system, providing core temperature difference judgment data support for triple interlock start judgment, reverse temperature control protection logic, and high temperature shutdown protection logic, eliminating system erroneous start and stop and medium reverse circulation defects caused by unreasonable temperature measurement point layout and data distortion.

[0039] The light sensor 8 is deployed in the open outdoor area of ​​the heat exchange station rooftop, and is installed using a dedicated mounting bracket 9. The mounting bracket 9 is made of stainless steel and is corrosion-resistant, with adjustable installation height and orientation. This allows the light sensor 8 to be installed in an open area without walls or equipment obstructions, avoiding the problem of low solar intensity readings caused by building or equipment blockages, ensuring that the collected light data accurately reflects the actual solar conditions on site. The mounting bracket 9 uses a bolt-on detachable assembly structure, facilitating the disassembly, maintenance, and replacement of the light sensor 8, and is suitable for long-term outdoor corrosion protection. The light sensor 8 collects ambient solar intensity signals in real time, serving as one of the core conditions for the triple interlock start-up. Only when the solar intensity reaches the preset heat collection threshold does the system have the basic conditions to start the preheating cycle.

[0040] The PLC control host 12 serves as the centralized electrical control hub of the entire system. It is encapsulated inside a dustproof electrical control box and positioned on a wall in the heat exchange station room for easy access by maintenance personnel. The PLC control host 12 integrates three core control program modules: a triple interlock start module, a reverse temperature control protection module, and a high-temperature shutdown module. These three modules operate synchronously, respectively realizing three core control functions: system start / stop interlock determination, reverse heat dissipation blocking protection, and high-temperature overload automatic shutdown protection. The PLC control host 12 establishes electrical connections with all hardware components, including the circulating booster pump 10, the inlet electric solenoid valve 11, the outlet electric solenoid valve 13, the water tank temperature sensor 16, the collector chamber temperature sensor 3, and the light sensor 8. It uniformly receives all sensor detection signals and synchronously outputs drive and shutdown control signals, realizing fully automated management and control of the entire solar preheating system without the need for manual on-site operation.

[0041] In this embodiment, the triple interlock start module is embedded in the program storage area inside the PLC control host 12. The module signal input terminal is connected to three sets of sensing elements: light sensor 8, water tank temperature sensor 16, and solar collector cavity temperature sensor 3. It can continuously and synchronously collect three types of real-time detection signals: solar intensity, water temperature of water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2, and temperature of medium cavity of solar collector module 1. The module has three preset start judgment thresholds: solar intensity heat collection threshold, water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2 start temperature threshold, and heat collection medium temperature difference threshold. All three judgment conditions must be met simultaneously before the triple interlock start module will output a start-allow signal to the PLC control host 12.

[0042] The three activation criteria are as follows: First, the real-time solar intensity value collected by the light sensor 8 reaches the preset heat collection threshold, indicating that the on-site light conditions have the ability to effectively absorb solar energy. Second, the real-time water temperature inside the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2 collected by the water tank temperature sensor 16 is lower than the preset start-up temperature, which means that the amount of preheated water inside the tank is insufficient and the heat collection circulation needs to be started to continuously heat the water. Third, the real-time temperature of the internal medium of the solar collector module 1 collected by the collector cavity temperature sensor 3 is higher than the water temperature of the water tank 2 collected by the water tank temperature sensor 16. This means that the internal medium of the collector module has the temperature difference to transfer heat to the water in the tank, and there will be no problem of reverse circulation of the medium to dissipate heat.

[0043] When the three interlock judgment conditions are met simultaneously, the PLC control host 12 receives the start signal of the triple interlock start module and outputs positive drive electrical signals to the three actuators: the circulating booster pump 10, the inlet electric solenoid valve 11, and the outlet electric solenoid valve 13. The inlet electric solenoid valve 11 and the outlet electric solenoid valve 13 open simultaneously to conduct the corresponding circulation pipelines, and the circulating booster pump 10 starts running simultaneously. It drives the low-temperature water in the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2 to be transported along the water inlet circulation pipeline 5 to the medium cavity of the solar collector module 1 to absorb heat and raise the temperature. After the heat absorption is completed, the high-temperature water flows back to the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2 along the return water circulation pipeline 6 to complete the storage. The closed solar collector preheating cycle is officially started.

[0044] If any interlocking condition is not met, the triple interlocking start module directly outputs a lock signal, and the PLC control host 12 locks the drive output circuits of the circulating booster pump 10 and the two electric solenoid valves. The system cannot start the preheating cycle, avoiding invalid idling conditions such as cloudy days, insufficient light at night, water tank temperature meeting the standard, and heat collection medium temperature lower than water tank temperature. This significantly reduces the power consumption generated by the idling operation of the circulating booster pump 10 and electric solenoid valves, improving the energy-saving benefits of the entire system from the source of control logic.

[0045] In this embodiment, the reverse temperature control protection module is integrated inside the PLC control host 12. The module signal input terminal is electrically connected to the heat collection cavity temperature sensor 3 and the water tank temperature sensor 16 respectively. During operation, it continuously receives temperature detection data transmitted by the two sets of temperature sensing elements in real time. The module compares the two sets of temperature values ​​in real time to realize temperature difference monitoring throughout the process. As the second layer of reverse heat dissipation protection structure of the system, it forms a dual reverse heat loss protection system with the triple interlocking start module.

[0046] During normal operation of the system's preheating cycle, if conditions such as cloud cover or reduced sunlight at sunset occur, the heat absorption efficiency of the solar collector module 1 will rapidly decrease, and the medium temperature collected by the collector cavity temperature sensor 3 will continue to decrease. When the real-time temperature of the medium in the collector cavity is lower than the temperature of the water inside the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2, the reverse temperature control protection module will immediately output a reverse lock-up signal to the PLC control host 12. The PLC control host 12 will quickly cut off the drive output circuits of the circulating booster pump 10, the inlet electric solenoid valve 11, and the outlet electric solenoid valve 13, forcibly terminating the closed-loop heat collection cycle, completely blocking the reverse circulation path of the medium, and preventing the preheated warm water inside the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2 from flowing back into the solar collector module 1 through the circulation pipeline. This prevents the preheated heat inside the tank from being carried away by the low-temperature heat collection medium, eliminating the ineffective heat loss caused by the reverse circulation from the electrical control level, maximizing the retention of preheated heat energy absorbed by the solar energy, and significantly improving the energy-saving effect of the entire system.

[0047] The reverse temperature control protection module is fully integrated into the internal program of the PLC control host 12, eliminating the need for an additional independent electrical control box or external control circuit board. The equipment has a simple and compact structure, reducing the number of electrical control components in the machine room and lowering the difficulty of troubleshooting circuit faults later. It is suitable for the small layout space of the heat exchange station machine room. The module can operate synchronously and in parallel with the triple interlock start module without interfering with each other, providing double protection to prevent the defect of reverse heat loss.

[0048] In this embodiment, the high-temperature shutdown module is embedded inside the PLC control host 12. The module signal input terminal is connected to the water tank temperature sensor 16 separately, and continuously receives the real-time temperature detection signal of the water inside the water replenishment and pressure stabilization tank 2 transmitted by the water tank temperature sensor 16. The module has a preset upper limit threshold for water temperature. Under standard operating conditions, the upper limit threshold is set to 50℃, which matches the standard temperature range of the secondary pipeline water replenishment.

[0049] The high-temperature shutdown module compares the collected water temperature with the preset upper temperature threshold in real time. When the water temperature inside the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2 reaches the preset upper temperature threshold after continuous solar preheating, the high-temperature shutdown module immediately outputs a synchronous shutdown command to the PLC control host 12. The PLC control host 12 synchronously cuts off the drive power supply circuit of all circulating actuators, including the circulating booster pump 10, the inlet electric solenoid valve 11, and the outlet electric solenoid valve 13. It also synchronously closes the two electric solenoid valves, stops the operation of the circulating booster pump 10, and forcibly terminates the entire closed-loop heat collection and preheating cycle process, stopping the continuous heat absorption and temperature rise of the water.

[0050] The high-temperature shutdown module automatically completes the temperature control shutdown operation without the need for manual on-site intervention by maintenance personnel. It effectively avoids multiple risks of failure caused by the continuous excessive rise in internal water temperature of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2: First, high-temperature water accelerates the aging of insulation materials in the inlet circulation pipe 5 and return circulation pipe 6, and causes the failure of pipe sealing gaskets, easily leading to pipe leakage. Second, long-term continuous circulation of high-temperature media will increase the load on the internal seals and motor of the circulation booster pump 10, causing overheating and damage to the pump body. Third, long-term storage of high-temperature water will accelerate the wear and tear of the internal anti-corrosion layer of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2, shortening the service life of the storage tank. The high-temperature shutdown module can completely avoid the above-mentioned high-temperature overload risks, extend the service life of all components including pipes, pumps, valves, and sensors, and significantly improve the safety and stability of the solar preheating system of the heat exchange station during long-term continuous operation, making it suitable for the year-round uninterrupted water supply and preheating operation of the heat exchange station.

[0051] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preheating solar water supply to a triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station. The method employs the triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water supply preheating system described above, and includes: Step 1: After the system is powered on, the three sets of sensing elements—light sensor 8, water tank temperature sensor 16, and collector cavity temperature sensor 3—continuously and synchronously collect on-site operating parameters 24 hours a day. Among them, light sensor 8 collects the solar radiation intensity value of the external environment of the heat exchange station in real time, water tank temperature sensor 16 continuously collects the average temperature of the water in the lower part of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2, and collector cavity temperature sensor 3 captures the temperature of the circulating medium inside the medium cavity of the solar collector module 1 in real time. All detection signals collected by the three sets of sensing elements are transmitted to the PLC control host 12 in real time and without interruption through shielded signal line 7, and sent to the triple interlock start module, reverse temperature control protection module, and high temperature shutdown module respectively, providing accurate and real-time data support for all control logic judgments. The water tank temperature sensor 16 is embedded in the lower part of the tank body, and the heat collection chamber temperature sensor 3 is attached to the inner wall of the medium chamber. The fixed-point layout structure ensures that the collected temperature data truly reflects the actual temperature difference of the water circuit, and eliminates the problems of data distortion and control misjudgment caused by unreasonable temperature measurement points. The light sensor 8 is mounted on an unobstructed roof area through a fixed bracket 9, and is equipped with a shielded signal line 7 to isolate electrical and electromagnetic interference in the station, ensuring that the collected sunlight intensity data is true and effective, and avoiding system erroneous start-up and shutdown caused by deviations in sunlight values.

[0052] Step Two: The triple interlocking start module inside the PLC control host 12 receives the detection signals transmitted by the three sets of sensors in real time, and continuously compares the three preset judgment thresholds of solar radiation intensity, water tank temperature, and temperature difference of the heat collection medium. Only when the three operating conditions are simultaneously met, that is, when the solar radiation intensity meets the heat collection threshold, the water temperature of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2 is lower than the start-up set temperature, and the internal medium temperature of the solar heat collection module 1 is higher than the water temperature of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2, the PLC control host 12 synchronously supplies power to the circulating booster pump 10, the inlet electric solenoid valve 11, and the outlet electric solenoid valve. 13 outputs a positive drive electrical signal; the inlet electric solenoid valve 11 and the outlet electric solenoid valve 13 open synchronously, connecting the inlet circulation pipe 5 and the return circulation pipe 6. The circulation booster pump 10 starts running synchronously, driving the low-temperature water inside the replenishment and pressure stabilizing water tank 2 to be transported along the inlet circulation pipe 5 to the medium chamber of the solar collector module 1. The water absorbs solar radiation heat inside the collector unit coil to complete the temperature rise. After heat absorption, the high-temperature water flows back along the return circulation pipe 6 to the replenishment and pressure stabilizing water tank 2 for unified storage. The closed-loop solar collector preheating cycle is officially started. If any interlocking condition is not met, the triple interlocking start module directly locks the output circuit of the actuator, and the system cannot start the cycle, preventing invalid no-load operation under weak light, low temperature, and temperature difference inversion conditions, and reducing the overall energy consumption of the system.

[0053] Step 3: During the continuous operation of the closed-loop preheating cycle, the reverse temperature control protection module inside the PLC control host 12 synchronously compares the two sets of temperature values ​​transmitted by the collector cavity temperature sensor 3 and the water tank temperature sensor 16 in real time, and monitors the temperature difference between the collector medium and the water in the tank throughout the process. If conditions such as reduced sunlight or sunset occur, the heat absorption efficiency of the solar collector module 1 decreases, and the real-time temperature of the collector medium is lower than the temperature of the water inside the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2. The reverse temperature control protection module immediately sends a reverse lockout command to the PLC control host 12. The PLC control host 12 quickly cuts off the drive power supply circuit of the circulating booster pump 10 and the two electric solenoid valves, and simultaneously shuts down all circulating actuators, forcibly terminating the heat collection cycle, blocking the reverse circulation path of the medium, and preventing the preheated water inside the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2 from flowing back into the solar collector module 1 and causing heat loss. This, together with the triple interlocking start module, forms a double protection against reverse heat dissipation, maximizing the retention of solar preheating heat energy and improving the system's energy-saving effect.

[0054] Step 4: Throughout the entire heat collection cycle, the high-temperature shutdown module inside the PLC control host 12 continuously receives the water temperature signal from the water tank temperature sensor 16 in the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2, comparing the water temperature with the preset safety upper limit threshold in real time. As the heat collection cycle continues to run, the water temperature inside the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2 continuously rises. When the water temperature reaches the preset upper limit threshold, the high-temperature shutdown module simultaneously outputs a shutdown drive signal to the circulating booster pump 10, the inlet electric solenoid valve 11, and the outlet electric solenoid valve 13, simultaneously cutting off the power supply circuits of all circulating actuators, forcibly terminating the entire heat collection preheating cycle process, stopping the continuous heat absorption and temperature rise of the water, and avoiding equipment failures such as pipe aging, pump and valve overload, and tank leakage caused by high-temperature water. No manual intervention is required, improving the long-term continuous operation safety and stability of the entire system. After the water inside the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2 is cooled down through the pipeline and the water temperature drops back to the start-up set temperature range, the triple interlock start-up module re-performs the three interlock condition judgments. If the conditions are met, the preheating cycle will automatically restart.

[0055] Step 5: The water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2 stores warm water that has been fully preheated by the solar collector module 1. A dedicated water replenishment outlet 14 is installed on the bottom side wall of the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2, which is directly connected to the secondary network water replenishment pipe 15 of the heat exchange station. When there is a water replenishment requirement in the secondary network of the heat exchange station, the 45℃ to 50℃ preheated water stored inside the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2 is directly supplied to the secondary network water replenishment pipe 15 through the water replenishment outlet 14, directly replenishing the circulating medium of the heating secondary network. This significantly reduces the temperature difference between the replenished water and the high-temperature medium in the network, significantly reducing the heating load of the heat exchange unit and decreasing the overall heat and electricity consumption of the heating system. The water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2 has a pressure-stabilizing water storage function, and the output water pressure is stable, which can match the continuous and uninterrupted water replenishment requirements of the secondary network of the heat exchange station, fully realizing the direct utilization of solar preheating heat energy and maximizing the energy-saving effect of the entire system.

[0056] In this embodiment, the solar collector module 1 adopts a multi-unit series splicing structure, which can flexibly increase or decrease the number of collector units according to the heating load of the heat exchange station. Small heat exchange stations are configured with 2 to 4 units in series, medium-sized heat exchange stations are configured with 4 to 8 units in series, and large regional heat exchange stations are configured with 8 to 10 units in series. Multiple collector units share the same set of inlet water circulation pipe 5, return water circulation pipe 6, water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank 2 and PLC control host 12, eliminating the need for separate water circuits and electrical control hardware, thus reducing equipment modification investment. The series-arranged collector units are compatible with various roof installation structures such as flat roofs and sloping roofs of the heat exchange station. The stainless steel fixing bracket can adjust the tilt angle of the collector units to match the local sunshine angle and maximize the solar radiation absorption efficiency.

[0057] The inlet water circulation pipe 5 and the return water circulation pipe 6 are all made of insulated pipes. The two ends of the pipes are equipped with flange sealing joints 4 to achieve detachable sealing connection. The flange sealing joints 4 are equipped with heat-resistant rubber sealing gaskets inside, which can withstand the circulating water temperature of 45℃ to 50℃ for a long time without leakage or failure. In the future, when the pipe is blocked or the solar collector unit fails, it is only necessary to loosen the locking bolts of the flange sealing joints 4 to separate the pipe from the solar collector module 1 and the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2. There is no need to cut the pipe on site, which greatly simplifies the operation and maintenance process. It takes into account the heat insulation and energy saving effect of the pipe and the convenience of disassembly and assembly of the equipment in the future, continuously reducing the heat loss of the pipe during the operation of the entire system and stably maintaining the water supply and preheating temperature range.

[0058] The light sensor 8, along with its dedicated mounting bracket 9, is installed on the unobstructed area of ​​the heat exchange station roof. The mounting bracket 9 is made of 304 stainless steel, making it corrosion-resistant and suitable for outdoor use in rainy and sunny conditions. The bracket uses a split bolt assembly structure, allowing the light sensor 8 to be disassembled separately for calibration and replacement. The light sensor 8 uses a shielded signal cable 7 to transmit the detection signal. The metal shielding layer of the shielded signal cable 7 can isolate electromagnetic interference generated by the operation of the internal circulating booster pump 10 and electric solenoid valve in the machine room, ensuring stable transmission of the solar intensity detection signal. This avoids distorted light data that could lead to misjudgment of the triple interlocking start module or system malfunctions, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the entire interlocking control logic.

[0059] The water tank temperature sensor 16 is embedded in the lower middle part of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank 2, avoiding the high-temperature surface water layer and the low-temperature sediment water layer at the bottom. The collected temperature data can represent the overall average water temperature of the tank, preventing the high-temperature shutdown module from shutting down prematurely due to local high temperature on the surface and the triple interlock start module from misjudging that the water temperature has reached the standard. The heat collection chamber temperature sensor 3 is attached and fixed to the inner wall of the medium chamber of the solar heat collection module 1. The probe directly contacts the circulating heat exchange medium and captures the true temperature of the medium in real time. The accurate temperature difference data collected by the two sets of temperature sensors provides a reliable basis for the judgment of all control logics of triple interlock start, reverse temperature control protection, and high-temperature shutdown. It eliminates the operational defects such as reverse circulation and false start and stop caused by unreasonable temperature measurement point layout and temperature measurement deviation, and greatly improves the judgment accuracy and operational reliability of the entire control system.

[0060] The PLC control host 12 integrates three major control program modules: a triple interlock start module, a reverse temperature control protection module, and a high-temperature shutdown module. All programs are stored in the host's internal memory chip, eliminating the need for an external independent control circuit board. The overall structure is simple and compact, requiring minimal space in the machine room. The PLC control host 12 synchronously and uniformly manages the circulating booster pump 10, the inlet electric solenoid valve 11, the outlet electric solenoid valve 13, and all sensing elements, enabling real-time monitoring of multi-dimensional operating parameters and fully automatic hierarchical protection control. This eliminates the need for maintenance personnel to manually adjust and start / stop equipment on-site, reducing the daily maintenance labor costs of the heat exchange station and adapting to the continuous water replenishment and preheating operation of the heat exchange station 24 hours a day, year-round.

[0061] During the operation of the entire system, the triple interlocking start module, the reverse temperature control protection module, and the high-temperature shutdown module form a three-level layered protection system. The first layer of protection relies on the triple interlocking start module to avoid ineffective idling energy consumption. The second layer of protection relies on the reverse temperature control protection module to block reverse heat dissipation due to temperature difference inversion. The third layer of protection relies on the high-temperature shutdown module to avoid equipment damage due to water temperature exceeding the limit. The three layers of protection operate in a layered and coordinated manner, comprehensively solving all the technical defects of traditional solar water replenishment and preheating equipment in heat exchange stations, such as single temperature control, lack of multi-parameter interlocking, easy reverse heat dissipation, lack of high-temperature overload protection, poor temperature measurement and light collection accuracy, insufficient pipeline insulation and sealing, low degree of automation, and poor energy-saving effect. It fully realizes low-energy consumption, high safety, and fully automatic solar water replenishment and preheating operation of heat exchange stations, and has extremely strong industry promotion and application value.

[0062] It is worth noting that if there are any discrepancies between the textual description of the structure corresponding to this embodiment and the schematic diagram in the accompanying drawings, the textual description in this application shall prevail.

[0063] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment and preheating system, characterized in that, include: A solar thermal collector module is installed on the top of the heat exchange station, and the solar thermal collector module is equipped with an inlet water circulation pipe and a return water circulation pipe. The water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank is connected to the inlet water circulation pipeline and the return water circulation pipeline, respectively; An electric solenoid valve for water inlet is installed on the water inlet circulation pipeline; The outlet electric solenoid valve is installed in the return water circulation pipeline; The circulating booster pump is electrically connected to the inlet solenoid valve and the outlet solenoid valve. The water tank temperature sensor is located inside the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank; A temperature sensor for the solar collector cavity is installed inside the solar collector module; A light sensor is installed outside the heat exchange station; The PLC control host is electrically connected to the circulating booster pump, the inlet electric solenoid valve, the outlet electric solenoid valve, the water tank temperature sensor, the heat collection chamber temperature sensor, and the light sensor.

2. The triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment and preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The triple interlocking start module collects the detection signals output by the light sensor, water tank temperature sensor and heat collection cavity temperature sensor respectively; When the solar radiation intensity meets the heat collection threshold, the water temperature of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank is lower than the start-up set temperature, and the internal medium temperature of the solar heat collection module is higher than the water temperature of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank, the PLC control host synchronously outputs drive signals to the circulating booster pump, the inlet electric solenoid valve, and the outlet electric solenoid valve.

3. The triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment and preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PLC control host integrates a high-temperature shutdown module; The water tank temperature sensor is connected to the high-temperature shutdown module and is used to transmit the real-time temperature detection signal of the water tank to the high-temperature shutdown module. The high-temperature shutdown module is connected to the circulating booster pump, the inlet electric solenoid valve, and the outlet electric solenoid valve respectively, and is used to synchronously output shutdown drive signals.

4. The triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment and preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar thermal collector module includes several thermal collector units; Several of the aforementioned heat collection units are connected in series from end to end.

5. The triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment and preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water tank temperature sensor is embedded in the lower middle side of the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank. The temperature sensor of the heat collection cavity is attached and fixed to the inner wall of the medium cavity of the solar heat collection module.

6. The triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment and preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A reverse temperature control protection module, which is integrated inside the PLC control host; The temperature sensor of the heat collection cavity and the temperature sensor of the water tank are both electrically connected to the reverse temperature control protection module.

7. The triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment and preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A fixed bracket is used to mount the light sensor outside the heat exchange station.

8. The triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment and preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes inlet water circulation pipes, return water circulation pipes, and flange sealing joints; The inlet and outlet water circulation pipes are detachably connected to the solar thermal collector module and the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank respectively through flange sealing joints at both ends.

9. The triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment and preheating system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply and pressure stabilizing tank is equipped with a water supply outlet interface; The water supply outlet is connected to the water supply pipeline of the secondary pipeline network of the heat exchange station. The water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank contains water preheated by solar energy and supplies replenishment water to the secondary pipeline network.

10. A triple-interlocked anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment preheating method, characterized in that, The method is carried out using the triple interlocking anti-reverse heat exchange station solar water replenishment and preheating system as described in any one of claims 1-9, including: S1, continuously and synchronously collecting solar radiation intensity, water temperature of the replenishment and pressure stabilizing water tank, and temperature of the solar collector module medium cavity detection signals through a light sensor, a water tank temperature sensor, and a collector cavity temperature sensor, and transmitting all detection signals to the PLC control host in real time. S2 and PLC control host synchronously determine three operating conditions through triple interlocking start module. When the solar radiation intensity meets the standard, the water temperature of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank is lower than the start-up set temperature, and the medium temperature of the solar collector module is higher than the water temperature of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank, the drive signal is output synchronously to start the circulating booster pump and conduct the inlet electric solenoid valve and outlet electric solenoid valve, so that the medium enters the closed heat collection cycle. S3. During the heat collection cycle, the reverse temperature control protection module compares the temperature of the heat collection chamber with that of the water supply and pressure stabilizing tank in real time. If the temperature of the medium in the heat collection chamber is lower than that of the water in the tank, the drive signal is cut off to lock the circulation booster pump and stop the heat collection cycle to prevent heat loss in the reverse direction. S4. The high temperature shutdown module receives the temperature signal from the water tank temperature sensor in real time. When the water temperature in the water replenishment and pressure stabilization tank reaches the upper limit threshold, it outputs a shutdown drive signal to cut off the circulating booster pump, the inlet electric solenoid valve and the outlet electric solenoid valve, and terminate the heat collection cycle. S5. After preheating, the water is stored in the water replenishment and pressure stabilizing tank and then transported to the secondary water replenishment pipeline of the heat exchange station through the water replenishment outlet to complete the water replenishment operation.

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