Energy-saving operation control method for long-distance heat supply multi-stage pump station and related equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of long energy-saving operation control methods of heat supply multi-stage pump station and related equipment, it is related to wisdom heat supply and long energy-saving technical field of pipe network, to solve the problems such as multi-stage pump station cooperation difficulty, high energy consumption and operation rely on artificial experience etc. Including: obtaining pipe network topological parameter, and real-time acquisition of import and export pressure of each stage pump station, heat network total flow and pump operating parameter;Current total resistance coefficient is calculated based on the flow and pressure, and the target lift is generated by dynamically distributing the system total lift to each pump station in combination with topographic relief compensation amount;Real-time health score of water pump is calculated based on operating parameter;With the minimum total power consumption of pump station as the goal, the available water pump that meets the target lift and health score is used as the calculation boundary, and the optimal operation combination is determined by optimization algorithm;The combination is converted into control instruction and issued to the field to execute control.The application realizes global coordinated control, automatically determines the optimal operation combination, significantly reduces the power consumption of transmission and distribution, and prolongs the service life of equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of centralized heating system operation control technology, and in particular to an energy-saving operation control method and related equipment for long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations. Background Technology

[0002] Long-distance heating is an important technical means to solve the problem of spatial mismatch between heat sources and heat loads. Long-distance heating pipelines typically require the installation of multiple relay pumping stations and pressure-reducing stations along the route, using a multi-stage pump series connection to transport heat from heat sources tens of kilometers away to the urban heating network. Taking a 70-kilometer long-distance heating project as an example, a total of 6 pumping stations are set up along the entire line, with 4 pumps at each station operating in parallel. The total installed capacity is huge, and the power consumption for transmission and distribution accounts for 20% to 35% of the total energy consumption of the heating system.

[0003] Currently, the operation and control of multi-stage pumping stations for long-distance heating suffers from several technical deficiencies. First, each pumping station operates independently, adjusting based on local pressure signals without unified hydraulic coordination, leading to deviations from the optimal overall system operating conditions. Second, pump operation combinations heavily rely on manual experience, making it difficult to quickly determine the optimal number and frequency of pumps in operation when heat load changes, resulting in significant energy waste. Furthermore, existing methods lack comprehensive consideration of fault conditions and pump health status, neglecting issues such as performance degradation, emergency dispatch, and balanced operating time, leading to accelerated equipment aging and increased maintenance costs and failure risks. Finally, the system lacks dynamic optimization and adaptive capabilities based on real-time operating conditions, resulting in persistently high power consumption during transmission and distribution under off-design conditions.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an energy-saving operation control method for long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations that can coordinate the operation of pumping stations at all levels, automatically optimize pump combinations and frequencies, and take into account equipment health status and emergency response to faults. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides an energy-saving operation control method and related equipment for long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations, in order to solve the problems of high system energy consumption and low safety caused by difficulties in multi-stage pumping station coordination, reliance on manual experience in operation combination, lack of equipment health management, and delayed emergency dispatching.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An energy-saving operation control method for a long-distance heating multi-stage pumping station includes: Obtain the network topology parameters of the long-distance heating network, and collect the inlet and outlet pressures of each level of pumping station, the total flow rate of the heating network, and the operating parameters of the pumps in real time; Based on the real-time collected total flow rate and inlet and outlet pressure of the heating network, the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network is calculated. Combined with the terrain elevation difference compensation, the total head of the long-distance heating system is dynamically allocated to each level of pumping station to generate the target head of each level of pumping station. Calculate the real-time health score of each water pump based on the water pump operating parameters; With the goal of minimizing the total power consumption of pumping stations at all levels, the set of available pumps with the target head and the real-time health score greater than the preset health threshold is used as the calculation boundary to construct a solution space for the combination of the number of pumps in operation and the operating frequency, and the optimal operating combination is determined by the optimization algorithm. The optimal operating combination is converted into a data packet containing control instructions and sent to the field controllers of each level of pump station to perform coordinated control of multiple pump stations.

[0007] Preferably, the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network is calculated based on the real-time collected total flow rate and inlet / outlet pressure of the heating network, specifically as follows: ; The total head of the long-distance heating system is calculated using the following formula: ; The target head of each pumping station is calculated using the following formula:

[0008] in, This represents the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network. The total pressure difference between the first station outlet and the last user inlet is calculated using the inlet and outlet pressures at both ends, where Q is the total flow rate of the heating network. This represents the total head required by the system. For the first i The target head of the pumping station For the first i The length of the pipeline section under the jurisdiction of the pumping station. This is the total length of the pipeline. This is the compensation amount for the terrain elevation difference of the pipeline section under the jurisdiction of the i-th level pumping station.

[0009] Preferably, the real-time health score of each water pump is calculated based on the pump operating parameters, specifically as follows: The pump operating parameters include bearing temperature, winding temperature, operating current, and cumulative operating time. The formula for calculating the real-time health score is as follows:

[0010] in, Assess the health of the j-th water pump. and These are the bearing temperature and the winding temperature, respectively. and To allow for the highest bearing temperature and the highest allowable winding temperature, For operating current, Rated current, For cumulative runtime, This refers to the average cumulative operating time of all pumps in the same pumping station. , , , These are the weighting coefficients, and their sum is 1.

[0011] Preferably, the control method is executed cyclically according to a set rolling correction cycle; the rolling correction cycle is adaptively and dynamically adjusted based on the rate of change of the total flow of the heating network: when the change in the total flow of the heating network exceeds a preset fluctuation threshold within a unit time, the rolling correction cycle is shortened; when the total flow of the heating network operates continuously and stably for a period of time exceeding a preset duration, the rolling correction cycle is extended.

[0012] Preferably, after calculating the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network based on the real-time collected total flow rate and inlet / outlet pressure, the system further includes a pipeline network anomaly early warning step: under multiple different flow conditions during the initial stage of system operation, the average value of the pipeline network total resistance coefficient is measured and calculated to establish a reference resistance coefficient; during real-time control, the real-time calculated current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network is compared with the reference resistance coefficient, and when the deviation between the two exceeds a preset ratio and continues to exceed a set time threshold, a pipeline network resistance anomaly alarm is triggered.

[0013] Preferably, in the step of determining the optimal operating combination through the optimization algorithm, for the parallel operation of multiple water pumps, fluid dynamics constraint rules are set in the solution space: when the target head of the pipeline exceeds the limit head of a single water pump at the maximum operating frequency, the optimization traversal by increasing the number of parallel water pumps to superimpose the head is stopped, and the combination optimization is performed to satisfy the target flow rate as the constraint boundary and the parallel water pumps operate at the same frequency with variable flow. When constructing the solution space for the combination of the number of operating pumps and operating frequency, a single-pump optimization recursive rule based on head-load rate is set: when the target head is less than or equal to a preset proportional threshold of the maximum head of a single pump at the rated upper limit frequency, the single pump is preferentially locked in a preset low-frequency range for frequency optimization; when the target head is greater than the preset proportional threshold but does not exceed the maximum head, the single pump is locked in a preset high-frequency range for frequency optimization, so as to avoid the inefficient operating area of ​​the pump at extremely low frequencies.

[0014] Preferably, the step of issuing commands to the field controllers of each level of pumping station to execute the coordinated control of multiple pumping stations specifically includes: The system monitors the difference in cumulative running time between operating pumps and standby pumps in the same level of pumping station in real time. When the difference in cumulative running time exceeds the set fatigue balance threshold, a pump set rotation command is issued to control the standby pump to start first and stop the operating pump after the water supply pressure stabilizes. When it is detected that the operating current of any pump drops beyond the set sudden change threshold or the pressure difference between inlet and outlet water drops beyond the pressure loss threshold, it is determined that the corresponding pump has failed and an emergency self-start command for the standby pump is issued. Specifically, after determining that the corresponding water pump has failed and shut down, and issuing an emergency self-start command for the standby pump, if the standby pump starts and the frequency of all operating water pumps in this level of pumping station increases to the upper limit of the rated frequency, but the actual head of this level of pumping station still does not reach the preset recovery ratio of the target head, then the inter-level coordination compensation mechanism is triggered: a head compensation request is automatically sent to each level of upstream pumping station, and the missing compensation head is shared by each level of upstream pumping station according to their current remaining capacity ratio, and after compensation, the operating frequency of each level of upstream pumping station is limited to the maximum safe operating frequency.

[0015] An energy-saving operation control system for a long-distance heating multi-stage pumping station includes: The data sensing module is used to acquire the network topology parameters of the long-distance heating network and collect the inlet and outlet pressures, total flow of the heating network, and pump operating parameters of each level of pumping station in real time. The head allocation module is used to calculate the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network based on the real-time collected total flow rate and inlet and outlet pressure of the heating network, and combine the terrain elevation difference compensation to dynamically allocate the total head of the long-distance heating system to each level of pump station and generate the target head of each level of pump station. The health quantification module is used to calculate the real-time health score of each water pump based on the water pump operating parameters; The optimization decision module is used to minimize the total power consumption of pump stations at all levels. It takes the target head and the set of available pumps with real-time health scores greater than the preset health threshold as the calculation boundary, constructs the solution space of the combination of the number of pumps in operation and the operating frequency, and determines the optimal operating combination through the optimization algorithm. The instruction execution module is used to convert the optimal operating combination into a data packet containing control instructions and send it to the field controllers of each level of pump station to perform coordinated control of multiple pump stations.

[0016] An electronic device includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the energy-saving operation control method for long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations.

[0017] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the energy-saving operation control method for long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The beneficial technical effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides an energy-saving operation control method for multi-stage pumping stations in long-distance heating systems. By acquiring the network topology parameters of the long-distance heating network and collecting inlet and outlet pressures, total flow rate of the heating network, and pump operating parameters at each level of pumping station in real time, it can comprehensively and in real-time grasp the system operating conditions and underlying equipment status of the heating network. By calculating the current total resistance coefficient of the network based on the real-time collected total flow rate and inlet and outlet pressures, and combining this with terrain elevation difference compensation, the total head of the long-distance heating system is dynamically allocated to each level of pumping station, achieving global hydraulic collaborative control among pumping stations at each level. This effectively avoids system energy waste caused by independent adjustment of each level of pumping station. By calculating the real-time health score of each pump based on the pump operating parameters, it achieves comprehensive and real-time monitoring of the underlying equipment. An objective and quantitative assessment of the operational health status of layered power equipment is conducted. By minimizing the total power consumption of each pumping station as the optimization objective, and using the target head and the set of available pumps with real-time health scores exceeding a preset health threshold as the calculation boundary, a solution space is constructed. An optimization algorithm is then used to determine the optimal operating combination before execution. This method automatically determines the optimal number and frequency of operating pumps based on real-time heating network load, completely overcoming the deficiency of relying heavily on manual experience for pump operation combinations. While significantly reducing the overall power consumption of the system's transmission and distribution, it effectively avoids the operation of faulty or defective equipment, extending the overall service life of the equipment from a global perspective. This method can be widely applied to intelligent operation and energy-saving scheduling scenarios in long-distance centralized heating networks that include the primary station, multiple intermediate relay pumping stations, and pressure-reducing stations.

[0019] Furthermore, by stopping the input of operating parameters when the target water pump is detected to be in a standby shutdown state during the calculation of the real-time health score, and maintaining the health score value of the target water pump in the most recent operating state, the distortion of the health score caused by the operation parameters returning to zero when the water pump is shut down can be effectively eliminated, ensuring the rigor and accuracy of the algorithm evaluation logic in the implementation of physical engineering.

[0020] Furthermore, by using a specific formula that includes the ratio of total pressure difference to the square of flow rate to calculate the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network, and by rigorously calculating the target head based on the proportion of pipe segment length and the compensation amount for terrain elevation difference, it is possible to accurately match the actual physical resistance characteristics of long-distance heating pipeline networks with the changes in terrain undulations along the route, ensuring that the dynamic distribution of head fully conforms to the real fluid dynamics laws of the pipeline network.

[0021] Furthermore, by setting fluid dynamics constraint rules in the solution space for the parallel operation of multiple pumps, when the target head exceeds the limit head of a single pump, the optimization traversal of increasing the number of parallel pumps for head superposition stops, and the optimization of combined operation with the same frequency is switched to. This strictly follows the physical principle that the head of parallel pumps cannot be superimposed indefinitely, avoids the generation of invalid parallel pump start commands by the algorithm, and further improves the scientific nature of the system optimization control and the engineering feasibility of energy-saving regulation.

[0022] Furthermore, by monitoring the difference in cumulative operating time between pumps in operation and standby pumps in shutdown within the same level of pumping station in real time, and executing a "start first, then stop" pump group rotation when the difference exceeds a set threshold, dynamic balance control of the cumulative operating time of multiple pumps is achieved, which avoids some pumps from aging faster due to overuse and reduces equipment maintenance costs.

[0023] Furthermore, by identifying the sudden drop in pump operating current or inlet / outlet water pressure difference in real time, a pump failure and shutdown can be determined, and an emergency self-start command for the backup pump can be immediately issued. This establishes a high-confidence, rapid-response underlying fault emergency handling mechanism, ensuring that a sudden failure of a single pump will not have a destructive impact on the overall heating continuity of the long-distance heating system. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an energy-saving operation control method for a long-distance heating multi-stage pumping station provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a module diagram of an energy-saving operation control system for a long-distance heating multi-stage pumping station provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] See Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, an energy-saving operation control method for multi-stage pumping stations in long-distance heating is provided. This method obtains pipeline topology parameters and real-time operating data, calculates the total resistance characteristics of the pipeline network and dynamically allocates the target head of each pumping station, quantitatively evaluates the health status of each pump, optimizes the pump operation combination under the constraints of head, health, and frequency with the goal of minimizing the total power consumption of the pumping station, and issues and executes control commands. This method solves the technical problems of multi-stage pumping stations in long-distance heating operating independently, relying on manual experience, lacking overall equipment health planning and fault emergency response capabilities, and achieves energy-saving operation control with global hydraulic coordination, automatic optimization combination, balanced use of equipment, and rapid fault response.

[0029] Step S1: Obtain system parameters and real-time operating data.

[0030] The system acquires the topology parameters of the long-distance heating network and collects real-time data on the inlet and outlet pressures of each pumping station, the total flow rate of the heating network, and the operating parameters of the pumps. Specifically, it acquires the topology parameters of the long-distance heating network, including: pipe length, pipe diameter, design flow rate, and design head of each pumping station; rated flow rate, rated head, rated power, rated current, efficiency curve, and power curve of each pump; and the installation location and range of the inlet and outlet pressure measuring points of each pumping station. It also collects real-time data on the inlet and outlet pressures of each pumping station, the operating frequency, operating current, bearing temperature, winding temperature of each pump, and the total flow rate of the heating network. Simultaneously, it records the cumulative operating time of each pump for subsequent pump rotation decisions.

[0031] Long-distance heating systems typically include: a primary heat source station (equipped with 4 supply pumps, 3 in operation and 1 on standby), relay pump stations along the route (equipped with 4 booster pumps, 3 in operation and 1 on standby), a pressure isolation station (equipped with 4 return pumps, 3 in operation and 1 on standby), and heating pipelines connecting each pump station. Each pump station is equipped with a frequency converter, enabling stepless speed regulation of the pumps. Pressure sensors (accuracy ±0.5%FS) and temperature sensors (accuracy ±0.5℃) are installed at the inlet and outlet of each pump station, and an ultrasonic flow meter (accuracy ±1% of reading) is installed at the outlet of the primary station. Each pump is equipped with a bearing temperature sensor (Pt100, accuracy class A), a winding temperature sensor (PTC thermistor), and an operating current transmitter (accuracy ±0.5%).

[0032] In one possible implementation, the sampling period for each sensor is 10 to 60 seconds. Data is transmitted to the optimization control server in the dispatch center via industrial Ethernet or fiber optic communication. The communication protocol used is Modbus TCP or OPCUA. The optimization control server is configured with dual-machine hot standby; in the event of a primary server failure, it automatically switches to the backup server with a switching time not exceeding 5 seconds. The cumulative runtime of each water pump is automatically recorded by the control system and stored in the database. Timing begins each time a water pump starts and stops each time it stops; the cumulative value is backed up weekly.

[0033] Explanatoryly, long-distance heating systems involve extensive pipelines and numerous pumping stations. Data collected by various sensors must be aggregated to the dispatch center via a highly reliable industrial communication network to achieve global optimized control. A dual-machine hot standby configuration ensures the availability of the control system under extreme conditions, preventing the entire heating system from going out of control due to server failure. Accurate recording of the cumulative pump runtime is the data foundation for subsequent pump rotation decisions and health assessments.

[0034] Step S2: Calculate the total resistance characteristics of the pipeline network and allocate the target head.

[0035] Based on the real-time collected total flow rate and inlet / outlet pressure of the heating network, the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network is calculated. Combined with the terrain elevation difference compensation, the total head of the long-distance heating system is dynamically allocated to each level of pumping station, generating the target head of each level of pumping station.

[0036] Specifically, a hydraulic calculation model for the long-distance heating pipeline network is established based on its topology and parameters such as pipe diameter and length. This model is based on real-time collected data on the total flow rate of the heating network. and the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of each pumping station Calculate the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network according to formula (1):

[0037] in, The total pressure difference between the first station exit and the last user inlet is calculated using the inlet and outlet pressures at both ends. This represents the total flow rate of the heating network. When the network topology remains unchanged... It remains basically constant.

[0038] Step S3: Determine the target head allocation for each pumping station.

[0039] Based on the total flow of the heating network and total resistance coefficient of pipeline network Calculate the total head required by the system .

[0040] The total head is allocated to each pumping station according to the proportion of pipeline length it handles or the proportion of measured resistance, thus obtaining the target head for each pumping station. .

[0041] The allocation principle is: the sum of the heads of each pumping station equals the total head of the system, that is... For long-distance pipelines with significant elevation differences, the elevation difference compensation must be additionally considered in the head distribution. ,Right now:

[0042] in, For the first The target head of the pumping station For the first The length of the pipeline section under the jurisdiction of the pumping station. This is the total length of the pipeline. For the first The amount of compensation for the terrain elevation difference of the pipeline section under the jurisdiction of the pumping station.

[0043] Explanatoryly, the total resistance coefficient of a heating network reflects the resistance characteristics of the network to fluid flow. Under the premise of unchanged network topology and pipe diameter, this coefficient is theoretically only related to factors such as pipe inner wall roughness and the condition of local resistance elements, and is independent of flow rate. The resistance loss of long-distance heating pipelines is distributed along the pipeline length. Therefore, allocating the total head according to the proportion of the pipe section served by each pumping station ensures that each pumping station undertakes a head task commensurate with its service range, avoiding situations where some pumping stations over-output while others under-output. In mountainous long-distance pipelines, when the pipeline passes through areas with significant terrain undulations, the increased potential energy caused by the terrain rise must be compensated by the pumping station head; otherwise, insufficient flow or even backflow in that pipe section will occur.

[0044] Taking a three-stage pumping station as an example (primary station, relay pumping station, and pressure reducing station), if the lengths of each pipe section are respectively , , The terrain elevation differences are respectively , , Then the target head of each pumping station is calculated according to... distribute.

[0045] The sum of the target heads of all pumping stations equals the total head of the system. When there is a large difference in terrain elevation (such as long-distance pipelines in mountainous areas), the elevation difference compensation amount... It plays a crucial role in head distribution and requires precise calculation of the elevation differences of each pipe section based on the pipeline longitudinal profile.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the average value of the total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network is measured and calculated under multiple different flow conditions during the initial stage of system commissioning to establish a baseline resistance coefficient. Specifically, during the initial stage of system commissioning, the average value of the total resistance coefficient is measured under different flow conditions (40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% of the design flow rate). The values ​​are then averaged to establish a benchmark drag coefficient. Under various working conditions The deviation of the value should not exceed ±5%; otherwise, the accuracy of the measurement data needs to be checked. During real-time control, the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network calculated in real time is compared with the reference resistance coefficient. When the deviation exceeds a preset ratio (±10%) and continues to exceed the set time threshold (30 minutes), a pipeline resistance anomaly alarm is triggered, indicating possible pipe scaling, valve malfunction, or pipeline leakage. Specifically, when pipe scaling occurs… Gradually increase, when valve is misoperated Sudden changes, pipeline leaks Decrease.

[0047] Step S4: Assess the health status and availability of each water pump.

[0048] The real-time health score of each water pump is calculated based on its operating parameters. These operating parameters include bearing temperature, winding temperature, operating current, and cumulative operating time.

[0049] Based on the bearing temperature, winding temperature, operating current, and cumulative operating time of each water pump collected in step S1, the health score of each water pump is calculated according to formula (3):

[0050] in, For the first The health score of the water pump (the value ranges from 0 to 1, with a higher value indicating a better condition). and These are the bearing temperature and the winding temperature, respectively. and To allow the highest bearing temperature and the highest winding temperature, For operating current, Rated current, For cumulative runtime, This refers to the average cumulative operating time of all pumps in the same pumping station. , , , These are weighting coefficients, and their sum is 1. In one possible implementation, the weighting coefficients take values ​​of 0.3, 0.3, 0.2, and 0.2.

[0051] When the health score of a water pump is below 0.3, it is marked as "requiring maintenance" and will be prioritized for non-operation in optimized scheduling; when the health score is below 0.2, a maintenance alarm is triggered. When the operating current of a water pump exceeds 105% of the rated current, an overload protection alarm is immediately triggered.

[0052] Explaining the health status of a water pump, it's the result of a combination of factors. Increased bearing temperature usually indicates bearing wear or poor lubrication; increased winding temperature may reflect insulation aging or overload; operating current deviating from the rated value means the pump has strayed from its high-efficiency operating range; and excessively long cumulative operating time indicates the pump is nearing its design life. By weighting and integrating these four parameters into a health score, the abstract "equipment status" can be quantified into a value between 0 and 1, facilitating automated scheduling decisions by computers. The allocation of the four weighting coefficients reflects a greater emphasis on the temperature status of bearings and windings (reflecting the health of core mechanical and electrical components).

[0053] The threshold settings for each parameter are as follows: Maximum allowable bearing temperature The maximum allowable winding temperature is 75 to 85°C (depending on the bearing model). The operating temperature is typically 130 to 155°C (depending on the motor insulation class), and the operating current must not exceed 105% of the rated current. Health rating. The calculation cycle is consistent with the rolling correction cycle. When the health score of a certain water pump... If the value is below 0.3 for three consecutive calculation cycles, it will be marked as requiring maintenance and a maintenance suggestion will be sent; when If the value drops below 0.2, a maintenance alarm will be triggered immediately and the pump will be automatically removed from the available pump set.

[0054] Step S5: Optimize the operation combination of water pumps in each pumping station.

[0055] With the goal of minimizing the total power consumption of pumping stations at all levels, the set of available pumps with the target head and the real-time health score greater than the preset health threshold is used as the calculation boundary to construct a solution space for the combination of the number of pumps in operation and the operating frequency, and the optimal operating combination is determined by an optimization algorithm.

[0056] For each pumping station, based on its target head Current traffic and the health rating of each water pump Based on the performance curves (head-flow curve and efficiency-flow curve) of each pump, the optimal combination of the number of pumps in operation and frequency is determined. The optimization objective is to minimize the total power consumption of the pumping station, while satisfying the following constraints: (1) Head constraint: the actual head of the pumping station With the target range (1) Deviation not exceeding ±5%; (2) Health constraints: Health score of pumps put into operation (3) Frequency constraint: The frequency of each operating water pump is in the range of 25Hz to 50Hz; (4) Power constraint: The shaft power of each operating water pump shall not exceed the rated power.

[0057] The objective function to be optimized is:

[0058] in, For the first Taiwan water pump at frequency The shaft power is obtained by interpolation of the water pump power curve.

[0059] Explained, the shaft power of a water pump is approximately cubically related to its operating frequency; therefore, reducing the operating frequency is the most effective way to save energy. However, the efficiency of a water pump drops sharply when operating at excessively low frequencies (below 25Hz), and the motor's heat dissipation deteriorates, thus requiring a lower frequency limit. The power term in the objective function is the sum of the shaft powers of each operating pump at its respective frequency, obtained by interpolation on the pump performance curve. The enumeration method combined with rule-based judgment can significantly reduce computation time while ensuring solution quality, meeting real-time control requirements.

[0060] For a pumping station with multiple pumps of the same model operating in parallel, the determination of the optimal combination follows the following recursive rule: (1) When the target head The head of a single water pump at 50Hz should not exceed When the target head is 60%, one water pump should be used in low-frequency operation (frequency range of 25 to 40 Hz); (2) when the target head At a single water pump with a head of 50Hz When the target head is between 60% and 100%, one water pump should be used in high-frequency operation (frequency range of 40 to 50 Hz); (3) when the target head More than 50Hz head for a single water pump When the second pump is started, the two pumps operate at the same frequency (same frequency principle), with a frequency range of 30 to 50 Hz; (4) in this way, when all the existing pumps are running at 50 Hz and still cannot meet the head requirement, the next pump is started.

[0061] In one possible implementation, when constructing the solution space for the combination of the number of operating pumps and their operating frequencies, a single-pump optimization recursive rule based on head-load ratio is set: when the target head is less than or equal to a preset percentage threshold of the maximum head of a single pump at its rated upper limit frequency, frequency optimization for the single pump is preferentially locked within a preset low-frequency range; when the target head is greater than the preset percentage threshold but does not exceed the maximum head, frequency optimization for the single pump is locked within a preset high-frequency range to avoid the inefficient operating zone of the pump at extremely low frequencies. Specifically, the preset percentage threshold is 60%, the low-frequency range is 25 to 40 Hz, and the high-frequency range is 40 to 50 Hz.

[0062] Explained, if the frequencies of the pumps operating in parallel are inconsistent, it will result in different pump heads, creating inter-pump circulation in the parallel pipeline. The low-head pump may be "pushed back" by the high-head pump, not only failing to increase the total flow but also wasting energy. Therefore, using the same frequency principle when operating pumps of the same model in parallel ensures that the output head of each pump is consistent, avoiding inter-pump circulation losses. The single-pump optimization recursive rule based on head-load ratio essentially divides the pump's operating range into low-head and high-head zones, optimizing within the corresponding frequency range. This avoids the waste of "using a large pump to pull a small cart" by operating at high frequency when low head demand is needed, and also avoids excessively low efficiency due to low-frequency operation when high head demand is needed.

[0063] Pump performance curves (head-flow rate curve, efficiency-flow rate curve, power-flow rate curve) are provided by the pump manufacturer or determined through on-site testing. For multiple pumps of the same model operating in parallel, the total flow rate is the sum of the flow rates of each pump, and the total head is the head of a single pump (each pump has the same head when operating in parallel). The lower limit of the pump operating frequency is set at 25Hz to prevent excessively low efficiency and motor overheating during low-frequency operation; the upper limit is set at 50Hz (rated frequency). When the pump operates below 25Hz, the efficiency is usually below 60%, resulting in significant energy waste. Optimization calculations use an enumeration method combined with rule-based judgment: for a pumping station with 4 pumps, the first step is to determine the target head. Determine the required number of pumps (1, 2, 3, or 4), then enumerate the frequency combinations of each operating pump within this range (in 1 Hz increments), and select the combination that satisfies the head constraint, health constraint, and power constraint while minimizing total power consumption. A single optimization calculation should take no more than 5 seconds to meet real-time control requirements.

[0064] In one possible implementation, for the parallel operation of multiple water pumps, fluid dynamics constraint rules are set in the solution space: when the target head of the pipeline exceeds the limit head of a single water pump at its maximum operating frequency, the optimization traversal by increasing the number of parallel water pumps to superimpose the head is stopped, and the optimization is switched to a combination optimization of parallel water pumps operating at the same frequency with the target flow rate as the constraint boundary.

[0065] Explaining this, in parallel operation, while increasing the number of pumps can increase the total flow rate, it cannot infinitely increase the total head. The total head in parallel operation is limited by the maximum head of a single pump. When the target head exceeds the head of a single pump at 50Hz, simply increasing the number of pumps in parallel cannot meet the head requirement. In this case, the existing number of pumps in parallel should be maintained, and the speed of each pump should be adjusted at the same frequency to match the target flow rate, thereby achieving variable flow operation.

[0066] Step S6: Execute the pump unit rotation decision.

[0067] Within the same pumping station, when multiple pumps have similar health status and all meet operating conditions, a pump rotation strategy is implemented to balance the cumulative runtime of each pump. The rotation trigger condition is: the difference in cumulative runtime between a running pump and a stopped pump exceeds a set threshold. (Values ​​range from 100 to 300 hours). When the rotation condition is triggered, the standby pump is started first, following the principle of "start first, then stop". After it is running stably (frequency tracking is stable and inlet and outlet pressure fluctuations are less than ±3% for 30 seconds), the pump to be rotated is stopped to ensure that the system pressure does not fluctuate significantly during the rotation process.

[0068] Cumulative runtime difference threshold The rotation period is determined based on the pump's design life and maintenance cycle, typically ranging from 150 to 200 hours. The rotation operation should be performed during periods of relatively stable heat load (e.g., from 10:00 PM to 6:00 AM the following day) to minimize the impact on heating quality. During the rotation process, after the standby pump starts, its stable operation must be confirmed (frequency tracking error less than ±0.5Hz, inlet and outlet pressure fluctuation less than ±3%, duration 30 seconds) before the pump being rotated can be stopped. If the standby pump fails to start or operates unstablely, the rotation operation should be cancelled and a rotation failure alarm should be issued.

[0069] Explaining this, in the rotation operation of multiple water pumps, without intervention, operators often habitually start the same "main" pump, leading to some pumps running for extended periods while others remain idle. This results in an uneven distribution of pump wear, with the running pumps aging faster and the standby pumps corroding and becoming stuck due to prolonged inactivity. By setting a threshold for the cumulative difference in running time and automatically performing the rotation, the wear of each pump can be evenly distributed, extending the average service life of the entire pump set. The timing of execution (during periods of stable heat load) is chosen to avoid perceptible disturbances to the heating quality caused by the rotation operation.

[0070] Step S7: Emergency troubleshooting.

[0071] The system monitors the difference in cumulative operating time between pumps in operation and standby pumps in the same level of pumping station in real time. When the difference in cumulative operating time exceeds the set fatigue balance threshold, a pump set rotation command is issued to control the standby pump to start first and stop the operating pump after the water supply pressure stabilizes. When it is detected that the operating current of any pump drops beyond the set sudden change threshold or the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet exceeds the pressure loss threshold, it is determined that the corresponding pump has failed and an emergency self-start command for the standby pump is issued.

[0072] When a pump in a certain pumping station fails and stops, the following emergency handling procedures shall be followed: (1) Fault identification: The pump failure shall be judged by a combination of signals such as sudden drop in operating current, frequency returning to zero, and sudden drop in inlet and outlet pressure difference. The identification time shall not exceed 3 seconds. (2) Rapid self-start of standby pump: The standby pump of the pumping station shall be started automatically. The standby pump shall start with the frequency before the failure pump stopped as the initial frequency. The start-up time shall not exceed 10 seconds. (3) Head compensation: After the standby pump starts, if the actual head of the pumping station is still lower than the target head, the frequency of all operating pumps in the pumping station shall be gradually increased (each increase) (4) Inter-level coordination: When a pump station fails to reach the target head due to a fault, it automatically sends a compensation request to the upstream pump stations. The upstream pump stations share the compensation head according to their remaining capacity ratio. After compensation, the frequency of each pump station shall not exceed 50Hz. (5) Alarm and recording: Send fault alarm information (including fault pump number, fault time, fault type) to the upper-level monitoring platform, and record the operating parameters of each pump station before and after the fault for subsequent fault analysis.

[0073] The comprehensive judgment logic for fault identification is as follows: the pump is judged to be shut down due to fault when the following three conditions are met simultaneously: (1) the operating current drops by more than 80% within 2 seconds; (2) the operating frequency returns to zero or drops below 5Hz; (3) the inlet and outlet pressure difference drops by more than 50% within 3 seconds. When the three conditions are met simultaneously, the confidence level of fault identification is higher than 95%. After the standby pump starts up, the average frequency of the last 10 seconds before the faulty pump stops is used as the initial frequency. If the actual head of the pumping station fails to recover to more than 85% of the target head within 30 seconds after the standby pump starts up, the head compensation program is started to gradually increase the frequency of all operating pumps in the pumping station (increase by 1Hz each time, with an interval of 10 seconds) until the actual head reaches more than 95% of the target head or the frequency reaches 50Hz. The upper limit of inter-stage coordinated compensation is: the frequency increase of any upstream pumping station shall not exceed 50Hz, and the total compensated head shall not exceed 80% of the missing head of the faulty pumping station. The remaining 20% ​​of the missing head is matched by appropriately reducing the flow rate setting value of the end heat user (the reduction shall not exceed 5%).

[0074] In one possible implementation, after determining that the corresponding water pump has failed and shut down, and issuing an emergency self-start command for the standby pump, if the standby pump starts and the frequency of all operating water pumps in this level of pumping station increases to the upper limit of the rated frequency, but the actual head of this level of pumping station still does not reach the preset recovery ratio of the target head, then an inter-level coordination compensation mechanism is triggered: a head compensation request is automatically sent to each upstream level of pumping station, and the upstream level of pumping station shares the missing compensation head according to their respective current remaining capacity ratio, and after compensation, the operating frequency of each upstream level of pumping station is limited to the maximum safe operating frequency. The preset recovery ratio is 95%.

[0075] Explaining this, long-distance heating systems are characterized by high thermal inertia and long pipeline lengths. A sudden shutdown of any pumping station can lead to a sharp drop in downstream flow or even a complete system failure. Therefore, emergency response must be completed within seconds to identify and activate backup pumps to prevent escalation. A three-tiered emergency response architecture (self-start of the backup pump at this level → frequency compensation at this level → coordination between upstream levels) provides a progressive protection mechanism from local to global levels. Most faults can be resolved by the self-start of the backup pump; in cases where the backup pump cannot fully compensate, the local frequency can be increased to make up for the shortfall; and in extreme cases, any remaining deficit is shared by upstream pumping stations, thereby maximizing the guarantee of continuous heating.

[0076] Step S8: Issue control commands and execute them.

[0077] The optimal operating combination is converted into a data packet containing control commands and sent to the field controllers of each pumping station to perform coordinated control of multiple pumping stations. Specifically, the operating frequency commands of each pump in each pumping station optimized in step S4, as well as the rotation commands in step S5 and the emergency commands in step S6, are sent to the frequency converter control system and PLC control system of each pumping station through an industrial communication network (Modbus TCP or OPC UA protocol) for execution by each local control system.

[0078] Control commands are sent to the PLC control systems of each pump station via industrial Ethernet. Each local control system adjusts the inverter output frequency through a PID controller to ensure the actual head tracks the target value. Redundant channels are used for command transmission, automatically switching to the backup channel in case of a primary channel failure.

[0079] Step S9: Rolling correction.

[0080] The control method is executed cyclically according to a set rolling correction cycle. With a cycle of 10 to 30 minutes, based on the latest heating network flow and pressure data, the operating status and health parameters of each water pump, steps S1 to S7 are repeated, and the control commands of each level of pump station are dynamically updated according to real-time changes in operating conditions.

[0081] The default rolling correction cycle is 15 minutes. The rolling correction cycle is adaptively and dynamically adjusted based on the rate of change of the total flow of the heating network: when the change in the total flow of the heating network exceeds a preset fluctuation threshold within a unit time, the rolling correction cycle is shortened; when the total flow of the heating network operates continuously and stably for a period of time exceeding a preset duration, the rolling correction cycle is extended. Specifically, the conditions for triggering the shortening of the cycle include: (1) the total flow of the heating network changes by more than 5% within 5 minutes; (2) the outdoor temperature changes by more than 5°C within 1 hour; (3) any level of pump station experiences a fault alarm. The conditions for triggering the extension of the cycle are: the system operates continuously for more than 2 hours and all parameter fluctuations are less than ±2%. During periods of rapid change in heat load (such as morning and evening peak hours, extreme weather), the rolling correction cycle is automatically shortened to 10 minutes; during periods of stable operation, it can be extended to 30 minutes.

[0082] Explanatoryly, the heat load of the heating system changes in real time with outdoor temperature and user heating behavior, and the optimal operating combination of each level of pump station also changes accordingly. Through a rolling correction mechanism, the system can automatically track load changes and dynamically adjust the control strategy to always maintain a near-optimal operating state. The variable cycle strategy achieves a balance between computing resources and response speed, intensively optimizing to maintain accuracy during rapid changes and reducing the frequency to save computing power during stable operation.

[0083] In one possible implementation, acquiring the network topology parameters of the long-distance heating network and collecting inlet and outlet pressures of each pumping station, total network flow, and pump operating parameters in real time includes: acquiring basic parameters of the long-distance heating network, including pipe length, pipe diameter, design flow rate, and design head of each pumping station; rated flow rate, rated head, rated power, rated current, efficiency curve, and power curve of each pump; and the installation location and range of inlet and outlet pressure measuring points for each pumping station. Real-time collection of inlet and outlet pressures of each pumping station, operating frequency, operating current, bearing temperature, winding temperature, and total network flow of each pump. Simultaneously, the cumulative operating time of each pump is recorded for subsequent pump rotation decisions.

[0084] In one possible implementation, the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network is calculated based on the real-time collected total flow rate and inlet / outlet pressure of the heating network, specifically as follows:

[0085] The total head of the long-distance heating system is calculated using the following formula:

[0086] The target head of each pumping station is calculated using the following formula:

[0087] in, This represents the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network. The total pressure difference between the first station exit and the last user inlet is calculated using the inlet and outlet pressures at both ends. The total flow rate of the heating network is [missing information]. This represents the total head required by the system. For the first The target head of the pumping station For the first The length of the pipeline section under the jurisdiction of the pumping station. This is the total length of the pipeline. For the first The amount of compensation for the terrain elevation difference in the pipeline section under the jurisdiction of the pumping station.

[0088] In one possible implementation, the calculation of the real-time health score of each water pump based on the pump operating parameters specifically involves: the pump operating parameters including bearing temperature, winding temperature, operating current, and cumulative operating time; and the calculation formula for the real-time health score is as follows:

[0089] in, For the first Health rating of the water pump and These are the bearing temperature and the winding temperature, respectively. and To allow for the highest bearing temperature and the highest allowable winding temperature, For operating current, Rated current, For cumulative runtime, This refers to the average cumulative operating time of all pumps in the same pumping station. , , , These are the weighting coefficients, and their sum is 1.

[0090] In one possible implementation, in step S4, for a pumping station with multiple pumps of the same model operating in parallel, when the target head does not exceed 60% of the 50Hz head of a single pump, one pump is operated at low frequency; when the target head is between 60% and 100% of the 50Hz head of a single pump, one pump is operated at high frequency; and when the target head exceeds the 50Hz head of a single pump, another pump is started and operated at the same frequency.

[0091] In one possible implementation, in step S6, the fault identification conditions are: the operating current drops by more than 80% within 2 seconds, the operating frequency returns to zero or drops below 5Hz, and the inlet and outlet pressure difference drops by more than 50% within 3 seconds. When all three conditions are met, the water pump is judged to have failed and stopped.

[0092] In one possible implementation, after step S7, the method further includes: converting the optimal operating combination into a data packet containing control instructions, and sending it to the field controllers of each level of pump station to perform coordinated control of the multi-level pump stations; wherein the data packet is encapsulated using Modbus TCP or OPC UA protocol and includes the target operating frequency, start / stop status and operating mode identifier of each pump.

[0093] In one possible implementation, an abnormal data correction step may be included before or after step S3: if the target water pump is detected to be in a standby shutdown state and the operating current is zero, then the final state parameters of the target water pump at the shutdown time of the previous operating cycle are called and substituted into the calculation formula of the real-time health score, and an insulation aging reduction coefficient positively correlated with the shutdown duration is applied to the calculation result to generate the corrected real-time health score. (This embodiment is supplemented based on conventional technical means) Explanatoryly, when a water pump is shut down, its operating current is zero, and the bearing and winding temperatures gradually cool to ambient temperature. Directly substituting these values ​​into the health rating formula would create the illusion of excellent pump condition, which does not reflect the true health of the equipment. Insulation materials still undergo natural aging during shutdown, and pre-existing wear will not disappear due to shutdown. By referencing the final-state parameters of the previous operating cycle and applying an insulation aging reduction factor related to the shutdown duration, the actual health status of the standby pump can be estimated more accurately, preventing the misjudgment of an unhealthy standby pump as healthy and its commissioning during subsequent scheduling.

[0094] In one possible implementation, after generating the target head for each level of pumping station and before executing the optimization algorithm, a pipeline safety pressure verification step is included: calculating the dynamic water pressure of each node along the pipeline based on the allocated target head; if the dynamic water pressure of any node exceeds the preset pipeline safety pressure limit, pressure protection is triggered, and the target head of adjacent pumping stations at each level is redistributed and updated according to the pressure safety margin weight.

[0095] Explanatoryly, long-distance heating pipelines have a rated pressure-bearing capacity. When the target head allocation of pumping stations is unreasonable, causing the water pressure in a certain section of the pipeline to exceed the pipeline's pressure-bearing limit, it may lead to a pipe burst accident. By adding a safety pressure-bearing verification step after head allocation, the head-bearing task can be transferred to adjacent pumping stations with remaining pressure margins without changing the total head, ensuring that the pipeline network operating pressure is always within a safe range.

[0096] The following are embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, which can be used to execute embodiments of the method of the present invention. For details not disclosed in the apparatus embodiments, please refer to the embodiments of the method of the present invention.

[0097] In another embodiment of the present invention, an energy-saving operation control system for a long-distance heating multi-stage pumping station is provided, comprising: The data sensing module is used to acquire the network topology parameters of the long-distance heating network and collect the inlet and outlet pressures, total flow of the heating network, and pump operating parameters of each level of pumping station in real time. The head allocation module is used to calculate the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network based on the real-time collected total flow rate and inlet and outlet pressure of the heating network, and combine the terrain elevation difference compensation to dynamically allocate the total head of the long-distance heating system to each level of pump station and generate the target head of each level of pump station. The health quantification module is used to calculate the real-time health score of each water pump based on the water pump operating parameters; The optimization decision module is used to minimize the total power consumption of pump stations at all levels. It takes the target head and the set of available pumps with real-time health scores greater than the preset health threshold as the calculation boundary, constructs the solution space of the combination of the number of pumps in operation and the operating frequency, and determines the optimal operating combination through the optimization algorithm. The instruction execution module is used to convert the optimal operating combination into a data packet containing control instructions and send it to the field controllers of each level of pump station to perform coordinated control of multiple pump stations.

[0098] All relevant content of each step involved in the aforementioned embodiments of the energy-saving operation control method for long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations can be referenced to the functional description of the corresponding functional module of the energy-saving operation control system for long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations in the embodiments of the present invention, and will not be repeated here.

[0099] A computer device is provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. This computer device includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps in the various method embodiments described above. Alternatively, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the functions of each module / unit in the various device embodiments described above.

[0100] The computer program can be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to complete the present invention.

[0101] The computer device may be a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, or cloud server, etc. The computer device may include, but is not limited to, a processor and memory.

[0102] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.

[0103] The memory can be used to store the computer program and / or module, and the processor implements various functions of the computer device by running or executing the computer program and / or module stored in the memory, and by calling the data stored in the memory.

[0104] If the modules / units integrated into the computer device are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory, random access memory, electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the content included in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately added or removed according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media do not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0105] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0106] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art can readily implement the present invention based on the accompanying drawings and the above description. However, any modifications, alterations, or variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention, utilizing the disclosed technical content, are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any modifications, alterations, or variations made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for energy-saving operation control of a multi-stage pumping station for long-distance heating, characterized in that, include: Obtain the network topology parameters of the long-distance heating network, and collect the inlet and outlet pressures of each level of pumping station, the total flow rate of the heating network, and the operating parameters of the pumps in real time; Based on the real-time collected total flow rate and inlet and outlet pressure of the heating network, the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network is calculated. Combined with the terrain elevation difference compensation, the total head of the long-distance heating system is dynamically allocated to each level of pumping station to generate the target head of each level of pumping station. Calculate the real-time health score of each water pump based on the water pump operating parameters; With the goal of minimizing the total power consumption of pumping stations at all levels, the set of available pumps with the target head and the real-time health score greater than the preset health threshold is used as the calculation boundary to construct a solution space for the combination of the number of pumps in operation and the operating frequency, and the optimal operating combination is determined by the optimization algorithm. The optimal operating combination is converted into a data packet containing control instructions and sent to the field controllers of each level of pump station to perform coordinated control of multiple pump stations.

2. The energy-saving operation control method for long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network is calculated based on the real-time collected total flow rate and inlet / outlet pressure of the heating network. ； The total head of the long-distance heating system is calculated using the following formula: ； The target head of each pumping station is calculated using the following formula: in, This represents the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network. The total pressure difference between the outlet of the first station and the inlet of the last user is calculated using the inlet and outlet pressures at both ends, where Q is the total flow rate of the heating network. This represents the total head required by the system. For the first i The target head of the pumping station For the first i The length of the pipeline section under the jurisdiction of the pumping station. This is the total length of the pipeline. This is the compensation amount for the terrain elevation difference of the pipeline section under the jurisdiction of the i-th level pumping station.

3. The energy-saving operation control method for long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The real-time health score of each water pump is calculated based on its operating parameters, specifically as follows: The pump operating parameters include bearing temperature, winding temperature, operating current, and cumulative operating time. The formula for calculating the real-time health score is as follows: in, Assess the health of the j-th water pump. and These are the bearing temperature and the winding temperature, respectively. and To allow the highest bearing temperature and the highest winding temperature, For operating current, Rated current, For cumulative runtime, This refers to the average cumulative operating time of all pumps in the same pumping station. , , , These are the weighting coefficients, and their sum is 1.

4. The energy-saving operation control method for long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control method is executed cyclically according to a set rolling correction cycle; the rolling correction cycle is adaptively and dynamically adjusted based on the rate of change of the total flow of the heating network: when the change of the total flow of the heating network exceeds a preset fluctuation threshold per unit time, the rolling correction cycle is shortened. When the total flow rate of the heating network operates continuously and stably for a period of time exceeding a preset duration, the rolling correction cycle is extended.

5. The energy-saving operation control method for long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, After calculating the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network based on the real-time collected total flow rate and inlet / outlet pressure, the system also includes a pipeline network anomaly early warning step: under multiple different flow conditions in the early stage of system operation, the average value of the total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network is measured and calculated to establish a benchmark resistance coefficient. During real-time control, the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network calculated in real time is compared with the reference resistance coefficient. When the deviation between the two exceeds a preset ratio and continues to exceed a set time threshold, an abnormal pipeline resistance alarm is triggered.

6. The energy-saving operation control method for long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of determining the optimal operating combination through the optimization algorithm, for the parallel operation of multiple water pumps, fluid dynamics constraint rules are set in the solution space: when the target head of the pipeline exceeds the limit head of a single water pump at the maximum operating frequency, the optimization traversal of increasing the number of parallel water pumps to superimpose the head is stopped, and the combination optimization of parallel water pumps with the same frequency variable flow operation is performed to meet the target flow rate as the constraint boundary. When constructing the solution space for the combination of the number of operating pumps and operating frequency, a single-pump optimization recursive rule based on head-load rate is set: when the target head is less than or equal to a preset proportional threshold of the maximum head of a single pump at the rated upper limit frequency, the single pump is preferentially locked in a preset low-frequency range for frequency optimization; when the target head is greater than the preset proportional threshold but does not exceed the maximum head, the single pump is locked in a preset high-frequency range for frequency optimization, so as to avoid the inefficient operating area of ​​the pump at extremely low frequencies.

7. The energy-saving operation control method for long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for distributing the control information to the field controllers of each pumping station to perform coordinated control of multiple pumping stations specifically include: The system monitors the difference in cumulative running time between operating pumps and standby pumps in the same level of pumping station in real time. When the difference in cumulative running time exceeds the set fatigue balance threshold, a pump set rotation command is issued to control the standby pump to start first and stop the operating pump after the water supply pressure stabilizes. When it is detected that the operating current of any pump drops beyond the set sudden change threshold or the pressure difference between inlet and outlet water drops beyond the pressure loss threshold, it is determined that the corresponding pump has failed and an emergency self-start command for the standby pump is issued. Specifically, after determining that the corresponding water pump has failed and shut down, and issuing an emergency self-start command for the standby pump, if the standby pump starts and the frequency of all operating water pumps in this level of pumping station increases to the upper limit of the rated frequency, but the actual head of this level of pumping station still does not reach the preset recovery ratio of the target head, then the inter-level coordination compensation mechanism is triggered: a head compensation request is automatically sent to each level of upstream pumping station, and the missing compensation head is shared by each level of upstream pumping station according to their current remaining capacity ratio, and after compensation, the operating frequency of each level of upstream pumping station is limited to the maximum safe operating frequency.

8. An energy-saving operation control system for a long-distance heating multi-stage pumping station, characterized in that, The method for implementing energy-saving operation control of long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 includes: The data sensing module is used to acquire the network topology parameters of the long-distance heating network and collect the inlet and outlet pressures, total flow of the heating network, and pump operating parameters of each level of pumping station in real time. The head allocation module is used to calculate the current total resistance coefficient of the pipeline network based on the real-time collected total flow rate and inlet and outlet pressure of the heating network, and combine the terrain elevation difference compensation to dynamically allocate the total head of the long-distance heating system to each level of pump station and generate the target head of each level of pump station. The health quantification module is used to calculate the real-time health score of each water pump based on the water pump operating parameters; The optimization decision module is used to minimize the total power consumption of pump stations at all levels. It takes the target head and the set of available pumps with real-time health scores greater than the preset health threshold as the calculation boundary, constructs the solution space of the combination of the number of pumps in operation and the operating frequency, and determines the optimal operating combination through the optimization algorithm. The instruction execution module is used to convert the optimal operating combination into a data packet containing control instructions and send it to the field controllers of each level of pump station to perform coordinated control of multiple pump stations.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The method includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the energy-saving operation control method for long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the energy-saving operation control method for long-distance heating multi-stage pumping stations as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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