A metro station air conditioning wind water linkage energy-saving control method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a subway station air conditioner wind-water linkage energy-saving control method, comprising the following steps: collecting and preprocessing air conditioner operation data to obtain a standardized operation state sequence; identifying load, air supply heat exchange and chilled water energy supply state, calculating time scale coefficient of air-water response duration; constructing fast boundary layer state and slow flow state, establishing singular perturbation linkage; calculating air supply heat exchange demand increment and perturbation scaling to obtain water side energy supply traction quantity, correcting energy supply reference to obtain target energy supply quantity; generating water side regulation quantity and predicting reachable energy supply response quantity; matching and generating water side response feedback quantity; compensating wind side regulation quantity of fast boundary layer state; generating control instructions through boundary verification; executing and feeding back updates to obtain control results. The application relates to the technical field of air conditioner energy-saving control. The application realizes air conditioner wind-water collaborative control of the subway station, improves energy-saving efficiency and operation stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air conditioning energy-saving control technology, and in particular to a method and system for energy-saving control of air conditioning and water system linkage in subway stations. Background Technology

[0002] Subway stations are public building scenarios characterized by high passenger flow, relatively enclosed spaces, and significant load fluctuations during operation. Air conditioning systems typically utilize both supply air and chilled water equipment to regulate temperature and humidity within the station. Current subway station air conditioning control methods often rely on unilateral adjustments based on changes in station temperature, humidity, passenger flow, or equipment operating parameters. While energy transfer exists between fans, air volume, pump frequency, chilled water flow, and valve opening, adjustments are usually made according to fixed setpoints, empirical rules, or simple linkage strategies during control.

[0003] Existing technologies exhibit a fast response on the air supply side when facing rapid changes in station load, while the chilled water supply response is significantly affected by water circulation inertia and equipment adjustment boundaries, resulting in a clear time-scale difference between the two. Directly increasing airflow or chilled water supply based solely on current temperature and humidity deviations can easily lead to overcompensation on the air supply side, lag in water supply, frequent equipment adjustments, and energy redundancy. Conversely, limiting pump or fan frequencies alone cannot guarantee station comfort. Current control methods lack modeling of the energy supply traction and feedback relationship between the fast response on the air supply side and the slow response on the chilled water side, and cannot reverse-correct the air supply compensation state based on the achievable water supply results. This limits the real-time performance, stability, and energy-saving effect of the air-water integrated energy-saving control system for subway station air conditioning.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a method and system for energy-saving control of air conditioning and ventilation in subway stations is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One objective of this invention is to propose a method and system for energy-saving control of air conditioning and water supply in subway stations. This invention fully utilizes HVAC control, multi-time-scale response analysis, and air-water coordinated regulation technology. It describes in detail the control process of fast response on the air supply side to drive energy supply on the chilled water side and reverse correction on the water side to compensate for air side, which has the advantages of strong linkage, stable response, and good energy-saving effect.

[0006] A method for energy-saving control of air conditioning and ventilation in a subway station according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: Collect and preprocess subway station air conditioning operation data to generate a standardized operation status sequence; Identify the load status, air supply side heat exchange status, and chilled water side energy supply status within the station, determine the corresponding air-side response time and water-side response time, and generate time scale coefficients. Based on the time scale coefficient, the heat exchange state on the air supply side is constructed as a fast boundary layer state, and the energy supply state on the chilled water side is constructed as a slow manifold state, thus establishing a singular perturbation linkage process between energy supply traction and feedback. The incremental heat exchange demand on the supply air side is calculated based on the load status and fast boundary layer status of the station. The perturbation scaling is performed according to the time scale coefficient to generate the water side energy supply traction. The chilled water side energy supply benchmark is corrected to obtain the target energy supply. Based on the target energy supply generation pump frequency, chilled water flow rate, and valve opening adjustment, the achievable energy supply response on the water side is predicted. Match the available energy supply response on the water side with the incremental heat exchange demand on the air supply side to generate water side response feedback quantities corresponding to insufficient, matched, or excessive energy supply. Based on the water-side response feedback, enhance, maintain, or reduce compensation for the fast boundary layer state, generate the wind-side compensation state, and set the fan frequency and air volume adjustment. Verify the comfort, energy consumption, and equipment operating boundaries of each adjustment value, and generate air-water linkage energy-saving control commands. The system executes control commands and collects feedback status, updates the time scale coefficient, water-side power supply traction, and water-side response feedback, and obtains the control results.

[0007] Optionally, the preprocessing process includes: identifying the data source of the subway station air conditioning operation data, calibrating the timestamp, filling in missing values, removing outliers, unifying the units and normalizing the encoding, rearranging the states according to a unified sampling period, and generating a standardized operation state sequence.

[0008] Optionally, the process of generating time-scale coefficients includes: The moment when the load status within the station reaches the preset load change range in the standardized operating status sequence is used as the response trigger moment; After the response triggering time, the heat exchange status on the air supply side is sampled. When the change reaches the preset heat exchange target and tends to stabilize, it is determined as the wind side compliance time. The time interval from the response triggering time to this time is taken as the wind side response duration. After the response triggering time, the power supply status of the chilled water side is sampled. When the change reaches the preset power supply target and tends to stabilize, it is determined as the water side compliance time. The time interval from the response triggering time to this time is taken as the water side response duration. The ratio of the water-side response duration to the wind-side response duration is calculated and then subjected to upper and lower limit constraints to generate a time scale coefficient.

[0009] Optionally, the process of establishing singular perturbation linkage between power supply traction and feedback specifically includes: The fast and slow response relationship between the heat exchange state on the supply air side and the energy supply state on the chilled water side is determined based on the time scale coefficient. The fast change part in the heat exchange state on the supply air side is extracted to generate the fast boundary layer state, and the slow change part in the energy supply state on the chilled water side is extracted to generate the slow manifold state. The chilled water side power supply benchmark is determined based on the slow manifold state; Based on the changes in heat exchange demand on the supply air side caused by the load status within the station, the direction and magnitude of the change in the fast boundary layer state are determined and mapped to the energy supply benchmark on the chilled water side to form an initial energy supply traction relationship. The initial energy supply traction relationship is perturbed and scaled according to the time scale coefficient to limit the transmission intensity of rapid heat exchange changes to the chilled water side, thereby generating the energy supply traction relationship; Based on the deviation of the slow manifold state from the chilled water side power supply benchmark, an initial feedback relationship between the chilled water side power supply state and the fast boundary layer state is established. The feedback amplitude is limited according to the time scale coefficient to generate the power supply feedback relationship. The energy supply traction relationship is taken as the positive path of the fast boundary layer state acting on the slow manifold state, and the energy supply feedback relationship is taken as the reverse path of the slow manifold state acting on the fast boundary layer state, forming a singular perturbation linkage process.

[0010] Optionally, the process of generating the target energy supply includes: Determine the current load change range based on the load status within the station; The current load change magnitude is matched with the rapid heat exchange deviation magnitude corresponding to the fast boundary layer state to generate the incremental heat exchange demand on the supply air side. The energy supply traction relationship is invoked, and the incremental heat exchange demand on the air supply side is processed according to the perturbation scaling rules determined in the energy supply traction relationship to generate the energy supply traction amount on the water side. Apply the water-side energy supply traction to the chilled water-side energy supply benchmark to generate candidate target energy supply. The candidate target energy supply boundary is verified on the chilled water side. The candidate target energy supply located within the preset energy supply boundary is determined as the target energy supply. The candidate target energy supply that exceeds the preset energy supply boundary is adjusted to be within the preset energy supply boundary and then determined as the target energy supply.

[0011] Optionally, the process of predicting the achievable water-side energy supply response includes: The current energy supply is calculated based on the energy supply status of the chilled water side. The difference between the target energy supply and the current energy supply is calculated to generate the water-side energy supply difference. The direction of water-side regulation is determined based on the difference in water-side power supply. The valve opening adjustment amount, chilled water flow rate adjustment amount, and pump frequency adjustment amount are generated according to the adjustment sequence of valve opening, chilled water flow rate, and pump frequency. The valve opening adjustment, chilled water flow rate adjustment, and water pump frequency adjustment are corrected within the equipment's executable range to generate the corrected water-side adjustment. Based on the corrected water-side regulation, the changes in the temperature difference between the chilled water supply and return water and the changes in the chilled water flow rate are predicted. Based on the changes in the temperature difference between the chilled water supply and return water and the changes in the chilled water flow rate, the water-side achievable energy supply response is generated.

[0012] Optionally, the process of matching the incremental heat exchange demand on the supply air side includes: Using the target energy supply as the water-side response matching benchmark, the difference between the achievable water-side energy supply response and the water-side demand benchmark is calculated to generate the water-side supply-demand response difference. Based on the time scale coefficient, the water-side supply and demand response difference is lag-corrected to generate cross-scale energy supply deviation; By comparing the cross-scale energy supply deviation with the preset response matching range, the states of insufficient energy supply, energy supply matching, and excessive energy supply are determined. When the cross-scale energy supply deviation is lower than the lower limit of the preset response matching interval, it is determined to be an insufficient energy supply state. Based on the deviation amplitude of the cross-scale energy supply deviation, a water-side response feedback quantity is generated to enhance the compensation of the fast boundary layer state. When the cross-scale energy supply deviation is within the preset response matching range, it is determined to be an energy supply matching state. Based on the stability of the cross-scale energy supply deviation within the continuous control cycle, a water-side response feedback quantity is generated to maintain the fast boundary layer state compensation. When the cross-scale energy supply deviation is higher than the upper limit of the preset response matching interval, it is determined to be an over-supply state. Based on the deviation magnitude of the cross-scale energy supply deviation, a water-side response feedback quantity is generated to reduce the compensation for the fast boundary layer state.

[0013] Optionally, the process of performing enhancement, maintenance, or reduction compensation includes: The feedback direction and amplitude of the water-side response feedback quantity are analyzed, and the deviation of the rapid heat exchange on the air supply side is determined based on the fast boundary layer state, which serves as a compensation benchmark. When the feedback direction is to enhance, the feedback amplitude is superimposed on the compensation benchmark to generate an enhanced compensation wind-side compensation state. When the feedback direction is to maintain, the compensation benchmark is maintained to generate a maintained compensation wind-side compensation state. When the feedback direction is to reduce, the compensation benchmark is reduced according to the feedback amplitude to generate a reduced compensation wind-side compensation state. The direction and magnitude of the supply air adjustment are determined based on the wind-side compensation status, and the supply air volume adjustment amount and the fan frequency adjustment amount are generated according to the priority of supply air volume and the following of fan frequency. The adjustment amount is calibrated within the equipment's executable range, and the calibrated air volume adjustment amount and fan frequency adjustment amount are set.

[0014] Optionally, the process of generating the wind and water linkage energy-saving control command includes: The corrected valve opening, chilled water flow rate, water pump frequency, air supply volume, and fan frequency are combined to form candidate adjustment values; Based on the candidate adjustment values, the comfort, energy consumption, and equipment operation boundary verifications are performed respectively. When all the verifications meet the preset conditions, the candidate adjustment quantity is determined to be the wind and water linkage energy-saving control command; If any verification fails to meet the preset conditions, the candidate adjustment quantity is corrected by boundary backoff and re-verified until the conditions are met, and then a control command is generated.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a subway station air conditioning ventilation and water-cooling linkage energy-saving control system includes the following modules: The data preprocessing module is used to collect and preprocess the subway station air conditioning operation data to generate a standardized operation status sequence; The time scale generation module is used to identify the load status, air supply side heat exchange status, and chilled water side energy supply status within the station, and generate time scale coefficients. The singular perturbation linkage module is used to construct singular perturbation linkage processes for fast boundary layer states, slow manifold states, and energy supply traction and feedback. The water-side traction control module is used to calculate the incremental heat exchange demand on the air supply side, generate the water-side energy supply traction amount, and obtain the target energy supply. The water-side response prediction module is used to generate pump frequency regulation, chilled water flow regulation, and valve opening regulation, and to predict the achievable water-side energy supply response. The water-side feedback generation module is used to match the available energy supply response on the water side with the incremental heat exchange demand on the air supply side, and generate the water-side response feedback quantity. The wind-side compensation control module is used to generate the wind-side compensation state based on the water-side response feedback, and to set the fan frequency adjustment amount and the air supply volume adjustment amount. The instruction verification and generation module is used to verify the comfort, energy consumption and equipment operation boundaries of each adjustment quantity, and generate wind and water linkage energy-saving control instructions. The execution feedback update module is used to execute the wind and water linkage energy-saving control command and collect feedback status, update the time scale coefficient, water-side energy supply traction amount and water-side response feedback amount, and obtain the control result.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) The present invention constructs the heat exchange state of the air supply side as a fast boundary layer state and the energy supply state of the chilled water side as a slow manifold state by using the time scale coefficient, and establishes a singular perturbation linkage process of energy supply traction and feedback, so that the fast response of the air supply side and the slow response of the chilled water side can be coordinated and matched in the same control process, avoiding the disconnect between the air-side regulation and the water-side energy supply, and improving the stability of the air-water linkage control of the subway station air conditioning.

[0017] (2) The present invention generates the water-side energy supply traction quantity by increasing the heat exchange demand on the air supply side, and predicts the achievable water-side energy supply response quantity based on the target energy supply quantity. Then, it generates the water-side response feedback quantity according to the insufficient, matched or excessive energy supply state, so that the chilled water side energy supply result can reverse the wind side compensation state, reduce the situation of excessive compensation on the air supply side and lag in chilled water side energy supply, and improve the adjustment accuracy under the load change in the station.

[0018] (3) The present invention performs comfort, energy consumption and equipment operation boundary verification on the water pump frequency regulation, chilled water flow regulation, valve opening regulation, fan frequency regulation and air supply regulation, and updates the time scale coefficient, water-side energy supply traction and water-side response feedback based on the feedback status, so that the control command can meet the comfort requirements in the station while constraining equipment operation and system energy consumption, reducing ineffective regulation and energy consumption redundancy. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 The flowchart is a method for energy-saving control of air conditioning and ventilation in subway stations proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a module connection diagram of a subway station air conditioning ventilation and water linkage energy-saving control system proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the singular perturbation linkage process of energy supply traction and feedback in a subway station air conditioning ventilation and water linkage energy-saving control method proposed in this invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a subway station air conditioning system, which is a method for energy-saving control of air conditioning and ventilation in subway stations according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0021] Example 1: Reference Figures 1-3 A method for energy-saving control of air conditioning and ventilation in subway stations includes the following steps: Collect and preprocess subway station air conditioning operation data to generate a standardized operation status sequence; Identify the load status, air supply side heat exchange status, and chilled water side energy supply status within the station, determine the corresponding air-side response time and water-side response time, and generate time scale coefficients. Based on the time scale coefficient, the heat exchange state on the air supply side is constructed as a fast boundary layer state, and the energy supply state on the chilled water side is constructed as a slow manifold state, thus establishing a singular perturbation linkage process between energy supply traction and feedback. The incremental heat exchange demand on the supply air side is calculated based on the load status and fast boundary layer status of the station. The perturbation scaling is performed according to the time scale coefficient to generate the water side energy supply traction. The chilled water side energy supply benchmark is corrected to obtain the target energy supply. Based on the target energy supply generation pump frequency, chilled water flow rate, and valve opening adjustment, the achievable energy supply response on the water side is predicted. Match the available energy supply response on the water side with the incremental heat exchange demand on the air supply side to generate water side response feedback quantities corresponding to insufficient, matched, or excessive energy supply. Based on the water-side response feedback, enhance, maintain, or reduce compensation for the fast boundary layer state, generate the wind-side compensation state, and set the fan frequency and air volume adjustment. Verify the comfort, energy consumption, and equipment operating boundaries of each adjustment value, and generate air-water linkage energy-saving control commands. The system executes control commands and collects feedback status, updates the time scale coefficient, water-side power supply traction, and water-side response feedback, and obtains the control results.

[0022] In this embodiment, the preprocessing process includes: identifying the data source of the subway station air conditioning operation data, calibrating the timestamp, filling in missing values, removing outliers, unifying the units and normalizing the encoding, rearranging the states according to a unified sampling period, and generating a standardized operation state sequence.

[0023] In this embodiment, the subway station air conditioning operation data is a comprehensive set of data characterizing the operating status of the subway station air conditioning system. Its core purpose is to simultaneously reflect the air-side regulation status, water-side power supply status, changes in the station environment and load, and system energy consumption. This data comes from air conditioning control equipment, environmental monitoring equipment, energy consumption metering equipment, and passenger flow sensing equipment, and specifically includes the following categories: First, there is the air supply side operation data, which describes the adjustment behavior of the air system, including fan frequency, air supply volume, air supply temperature, return air temperature and related operating status parameters; Second, chilled water side operating data, which describes the energy supply capacity of the water system, including pump frequency, chilled water supply and return temperatures, chilled water flow rate, and valve opening, etc. Thirdly, the station's environmental data reflects the environmental conditions of the objects affected by the air conditioning, including the temperature, humidity, and air quality indicators of the station hall and platform. Fourth, station load data, which depicts the sources of heat load changes, including passenger flow density, area occupancy, and equipment heat dissipation; Fifth, energy consumption metering data reflects the operating costs of the system, including the power consumption of fans, water pumps, and the overall air conditioning system.

[0024] In this invention, the standardized operating status sequence refers to structured time-series data formed after uniformly processing the aforementioned subway station air conditioning operation data. The processing includes time alignment, missing data completion, anomaly removal, unit unification, and normalized coding, enabling data from different sources to be expressed under the same time reference and unified scale. The processed data is arranged according to a fixed sampling period, with each moment corresponding to a complete set of operating status records.

[0025] Each set of operational status records consists of the following core fields: First, the station load status field, which represents the level of load change and is obtained by comprehensively encoding passenger flow, environmental, and occupancy information; second, the supply air-side heat exchange status field, which represents the air-side regulation and heat exchange capacity and is obtained by encoding the fan operation and supply and return air parameters; third, the chilled water-side energy supply status field, which represents the water-side cooling capacity and is obtained by encoding the water pump operation and chilled water parameters; fourth, the equipment regulation status field, which records the control changes of fans, water pumps, and valves; and fifth, the energy consumption feedback status field, which records the energy consumption changes of various parts of the system.

[0026] In this embodiment, the process of generating time scale coefficients includes: The moment when the load status within the station reaches the preset load change range in the standardized operating status sequence is used as the response trigger moment; The preset load change range is a threshold range formed by normalizing the difference in load status within the station in adjacent sampling periods. The difference in change is obtained by combining the changes in passenger flow density, station temperature, station humidity, and equipment heat dissipation according to preset weights. When the load change difference exceeds the upper limit of the threshold range, the load status is determined to meet the response triggering condition. After the response trigger moment, the heat exchange status on the supply air side is sampled. When the change reaches the preset heat exchange target and tends to stabilize, it is determined as the moment when the air side meets the target. The time interval from the response trigger moment to this moment is taken as the air side response duration. Specifically, the heat exchange status on the supply air side reaches the preset heat exchange target and tends to stabilize when the supply air side heat exchange status meets the following conditions in multiple consecutive sampling cycles: the rate of change of the supply and return air temperature difference is lower than the preset stability threshold, and the temperature difference between the supply air volume and the return air is maintained within the preset target range. After the response triggering time, the chilled water side power supply status is sampled. When the change reaches the preset power supply target and tends to stabilize, it is determined as the water side compliance time. The time interval from the response triggering time to this time is taken as the water side response duration. Specifically, the chilled water side power supply status reaching the preset power supply target and tending to stabilize means that the chilled water side power supply status meets the following conditions in multiple consecutive sampling periods: the rate of change of the chilled water supply and return water temperature difference is lower than the preset stability threshold, and the change in chilled water flow rate is maintained within the preset power supply target range. The ratio of the water-side response duration to the wind-side response duration is calculated and then subjected to upper and lower limit constraints to generate a time scale coefficient. The upper and lower limit constraints limit the range of values ​​for the time scale coefficient. When the ratio of the water-side response duration to the wind-side response duration is less than the preset lower limit threshold, the lower limit threshold is taken as the time scale coefficient. When the ratio is greater than the preset upper limit threshold, the upper limit threshold is taken as the time scale coefficient. When the ratio is between the preset upper and lower limit thresholds, the ratio is directly used as the time scale coefficient.

[0027] In this embodiment, the singular perturbation linkage process for establishing energy supply traction and feedback specifically includes: The fast and slow response relationship between the heat exchange state on the supply air side and the energy supply state on the chilled water side is determined based on the time scale coefficient. The fast change part in the heat exchange state on the supply air side is extracted to generate the fast boundary layer state, and the slow change part in the energy supply state on the chilled water side is extracted to generate the slow manifold state. Specifically, the time scale coefficient is used as a characterization value for the response difference between the air supply side heat exchange state and the chilled water side energy supply state. When the time scale coefficient is greater than the preset fast-slow boundary threshold, it is determined that the chilled water side energy supply state has a significant lag relative to the air supply side heat exchange state, with the air supply side heat exchange state being the fast response object and the chilled water side energy supply state being the slow response object. When the time scale coefficient is near the preset fast-slow boundary threshold, it is determined that there is a weak lag relationship between the chilled water side energy supply state and the air supply side heat exchange state. The fast-slow response relationship is determined as follows: the air supply side heat exchange state undergoes rapid heat exchange changes first, followed by the chilled water side energy supply state undergoing slow energy supply changes. When extracting the rapidly changing portion of the supply air side heat exchange state, the supply air side heat exchange state corresponding to the response trigger moment is used as the wind side reference state. After the response trigger moment, the rate of change and cumulative magnitude of change of the supply air side heat exchange state relative to the wind side reference state are continuously calculated according to the sampling period. When the supply air side heat exchange state deviates continuously within the wind side response duration, and the rate of change corresponding to the continuous deviation is higher than the preset wind side rapid change threshold, the sampling interval corresponding to the continuous deviation is determined as the rapid change interval. The supply air side heat exchange state within the rapid change interval is arranged according to the sampling order, retaining the direction of change, cumulative magnitude of change, and duration, to generate the fast boundary layer state. The fast boundary layer state characterizes the rapid deviation process of the supply air side heat exchange state after the load state changes within the station.

[0028] When extracting the slowly changing portion of the chilled water side power supply state, the chilled water side power supply state corresponding to the response trigger moment is used as the water side reference state. After the response trigger moment, the rate of change and cumulative change amplitude of the chilled water side power supply state relative to the water side reference state are continuously calculated according to the sampling period. When the chilled water side power supply state shows continuous cumulative change within the water side response time, and the rate of change corresponding to the continuous cumulative change is lower than the preset water side rapid change threshold, and the cumulative change amplitude gradually approaches the preset power supply target, the sampling interval corresponding to the continuous cumulative change is determined as the slowly changing interval. The chilled water side power supply states within the slowly changing interval are arranged according to the sampling order, retaining the power supply change direction, the cumulative change amplitude of the power supply, and the held state after reaching the target stability, generating a slow manifold state. The slow manifold state characterizes the slow evolution process of the chilled water side power supply state under the influence of thermal inertia.

[0029] The chilled water side power supply benchmark is determined based on the slow manifold state; In the slow manifold state, the state range after the chilled water side power supply reaches the preset power supply target and tends to stabilize is determined. The stable levels corresponding to the chilled water supply and return water temperature difference, chilled water flow rate, pump frequency and valve opening within the state range are used as the chilled water side power supply benchmark. The chilled water side power supply benchmark represents the power supply level that the chilled water side can continuously provide under the current station load condition. The chilled water side power supply benchmark is not an instantaneous power supply peak, but is determined by the power supply state that changes slowly and remains stable in the slow manifold state, and receives the power supply traction from the subsequent fast boundary layer state.

[0030] Based on the changes in heat exchange demand on the supply air side caused by the load status within the station, the direction and magnitude of the change in the fast boundary layer state are determined and mapped to the energy supply benchmark on the chilled water side to form an initial energy supply traction relationship. Specifically, when determining the direction of change in the fast boundary layer state, the consistency between changes in the station's load state and changes in the supply air heat exchange demand is judged; when the station's load state increases and leads to an increase in the supply air heat exchange demand, the direction of change in the fast boundary layer state is determined to be positive; when the station's load state decreases and leads to a decrease in the supply air heat exchange demand, the direction of change in the fast boundary layer state is determined to be negative; when both the station's load state and the supply air heat exchange demand are within a preset stable range, the direction of change in the fast boundary layer state is determined to be the stable direction. When determining the variation range of the fast boundary layer state, the cumulative deviation of the supply air side heat exchange state relative to the air side reference state within the rapid change range is used as the calculation basis. The cumulative deviation is obtained by normalizing and synthesizing the variation range of supply air volume, supply air temperature, return air temperature, and supply and return air temperature difference. The direction and magnitude of change are used together to characterize the traction demand of the fast boundary layer state on the chilled water side energy supply reference. When mapping the fast boundary layer state to the chilled water side power supply reference, the variation amplitude of the fast boundary layer state is first converted to the same normalized scale as the chilled water side power supply reference. The chilled water side power supply reference is then corrected according to the variation direction of the fast boundary layer state. When the fast boundary layer state is positive, an increase correction is applied to the chilled water side power supply reference. When the fast boundary layer state is negative, a decrease correction is applied to the chilled water side power supply reference. When the fast boundary layer state maintains its direction, the chilled water side power supply reference is maintained. The initial power supply traction relationship is formed by the variation direction and amplitude of the fast boundary layer state and the correction results of the chilled water side power supply reference.

[0031] The initial energy supply traction relationship is perturbed and scaled according to the time scale coefficient to limit the transmission intensity of rapid heat exchange changes to the chilled water side, thereby generating the energy supply traction relationship; When performing perturbation scaling, the time scale coefficient is used as the scaling basis for the initial energy supply traction relationship, and the correction magnitude of the fast boundary layer state transmitted to the chilled water side energy supply reference is adjusted proportionally. When the time scale coefficient indicates that the chilled water side energy supply state is significantly slower than the air supply side heat exchange state, the correction magnitude in the initial energy supply traction relationship is reduced, so that the rapid heat exchange change on the air supply side only affects the chilled water side energy supply reference by a limited proportion. When the time scale coefficient indicates that the response difference between the chilled water side energy supply state and the air supply side heat exchange state is small, a higher proportion of the correction magnitude is retained, so that the chilled water side energy supply reference can quickly follow the changes in the air supply side heat exchange demand.

[0032] When limiting the intensity of rapid heat exchange changes transferred to the chilled water side, a traction boundary check is performed on the correction amplitude after perturbation scaling. If the correction amplitude after perturbation scaling exceeds the preset traction upper limit, the preset traction upper limit is used as the correction amplitude. If the correction amplitude after perturbation scaling is lower than the preset traction lower limit, the preset traction lower limit is used as the correction amplitude. If the correction amplitude after perturbation scaling is between the preset traction lower limit and the preset traction upper limit, the correction amplitude after perturbation scaling is retained. The initial power supply traction relationship after traction boundary check is the power supply traction relationship. This power supply traction relationship is used to avoid excessive correction of the chilled water side power supply reference caused by rapid fluctuations on the air supply side.

[0033] Based on the deviation of the slow manifold state from the chilled water side power supply benchmark, an initial feedback relationship between the chilled water side power supply state and the fast boundary layer state is established. The feedback amplitude is limited according to the time scale coefficient to generate the power supply feedback relationship. Specifically, when establishing the initial feedback relationship, the slow manifold state is compared with the chilled water side power supply reference to determine the direction and magnitude of the deviation of the slow manifold state relative to the chilled water side power supply reference. When the slow manifold state is lower than the chilled water side power supply reference, it is determined that the chilled water side power supply state has insufficient power supply deviation, and an initial feedback relationship is established to enhance fast boundary layer state compensation. When the slow manifold state is within the preset matching range of the chilled water side power supply reference, it is determined that the chilled water side power supply state matches the chilled water side power supply reference, and an initial feedback relationship is established to maintain fast boundary layer state compensation. When the slow manifold state is higher than the chilled water side power supply reference, it is determined that the chilled water side power supply state has excessive power supply deviation, and an initial feedback relationship is established to reduce fast boundary layer state compensation. The initial feedback relationship represents the reverse correction direction and reverse correction magnitude of the chilled water side power supply state to the rapid adjustment of the air supply side.

[0034] When limiting the feedback amplitude, the reverse correction amplitude in the initial feedback relationship is matched with the time scale coefficient to determine the allowable feedback amplitude. The larger the time scale coefficient, the more significant the lag between the chilled water side's energy supply state and the supply air side's heat exchange state, and the smaller the allowable feedback amplitude. The closer the time scale coefficient is to the preset lower threshold, the smaller the difference between the two responses, and the closer the allowable feedback amplitude is to the reverse correction amplitude in the initial feedback relationship. If the reverse correction amplitude in the initial feedback relationship exceeds the allowable feedback amplitude, the allowable feedback amplitude is used as the feedback amplitude. If the reverse correction amplitude in the initial feedback relationship does not exceed the allowable feedback amplitude, the reverse correction amplitude in the initial feedback relationship is retained. The initial feedback relationship after feedback amplitude limiting is the energy supply feedback relationship. The energy supply feedback relationship is used to avoid excessive reverse correction caused by the slow response on the chilled water side to the rapid adjustment on the supply air side.

[0035] The energy supply traction relationship is taken as the positive path of the fast boundary layer state acting on the slow manifold state, and the energy supply feedback relationship is taken as the reverse path of the slow manifold state acting on the fast boundary layer state, forming a singular perturbation linkage process.

[0036] The forward path refers to the control transmission path initiated by the fast boundary layer state, acting on the chilled water side energy supply reference through the energy supply traction relationship, and then acting on the slow manifold state; the forward path is used to indicate that after the load change in the station causes a rapid change in the heat exchange demand on the supply air side, the rapid change on the supply air side is transmitted to the chilled water side energy supply state in a limited manner according to the time scale coefficient, so that the chilled water side energy supply reference is appropriately corrected. The reverse path refers to the control correction path initiated by the slow manifold state, acting on the fast boundary layer state through the energy supply feedback relationship, and then acting on the air supply side adjustment and compensation; the reverse path means that when the chilled water side energy supply state is insufficient, mismatched, or excessive relative to the chilled water side energy supply reference, the rapid adjustment on the air supply side is enhanced, maintained, or reduced. The forward path and the reverse path together constitute a singular perturbation linkage process. This singular perturbation linkage process uses a fast boundary layer state to represent the rapid heat exchange changes on the air supply side and a slow manifold state to represent the slow energy supply changes on the chilled water side. The time scale coefficient limits the positive traction amplitude and the reverse feedback amplitude between the two, so that the air-water linkage control of the subway station air conditioning can simultaneously meet the fast response requirements on the air side and the slow response constraints on the water side.

[0037] In this embodiment, the process of generating the target energy supply includes: Determine the current load change range based on the load status within the station; Using the station load state at the response trigger time as the load comparison benchmark state, the difference between the station load state at the current sampling time and the load comparison benchmark state is calculated to obtain the load state deviation. The load state deviation is then normalized to obtain the current load change amplitude. A positive current load change amplitude indicates that the station load state has increased relative to the load comparison benchmark state; a negative current load change amplitude indicates that the station load state has decreased relative to the load comparison benchmark state; and a current load change amplitude within a preset load stability range indicates that the station load state remains stable. The station load state is formed by passenger flow density, station temperature and humidity change rate, and equipment operating status. The current load change amplitude is used to characterize the intensity of the station load change relative to the response trigger time within the current control cycle.

[0038] The current load change magnitude is matched with the rapid heat exchange deviation magnitude corresponding to the fast boundary layer state to generate the incremental heat exchange demand on the supply air side. Specifically, the rapid heat exchange deviation is determined by the degree of deviation of the rapid boundary layer state from the supply air side heat exchange state corresponding to the response trigger time. This deviation is obtained by normalizing and synthesizing changes in supply air volume, supply air temperature, return air temperature, and supply / return air temperature difference. The direction of the current load change is compared with the direction of the rapid heat exchange deviation. When the direction of the current load change is consistent with the direction of the rapid heat exchange deviation, the current load change and the rapid heat exchange deviation are weighted and synthesized to generate the incremental supply air side heat exchange demand. When the direction of the current load change is inconsistent with the direction of the rapid heat exchange deviation, the rapid heat exchange deviation is reduced before being synthesized with the current load change to generate the incremental supply air side heat exchange demand. When the current load change is within a preset stable load range, the incremental supply air side heat exchange demand is generated using the stable value of the rapid heat exchange deviation. Through this matching process, the incremental supply air side heat exchange demand simultaneously reflects both the intensity of load changes within the station and the rapid heat exchange deviation state on the supply air side.

[0039] The energy supply traction relationship is invoked, and the incremental heat exchange demand on the air supply side is processed according to the perturbation scaling rules determined in the energy supply traction relationship to generate the energy supply traction amount on the water side. The energy supply traction relationship includes the positive path of the fast boundary layer state acting on the slow manifold state and the perturbation scaling rule determined by the time scale coefficient. When generating the water-side energy supply traction, the incremental heat exchange demand on the supply air side is input into the energy supply traction relationship, and the perturbation scaling ratio is determined according to the time scale coefficient. When the time scale coefficient is large, the proportion of the incremental heat exchange demand on the supply air side transferred to the chilled water side is reduced; when the time scale coefficient is small, the proportion of the incremental heat exchange demand on the supply air side transferred to the chilled water side is increased. The magnitude of the incremental heat exchange demand on the supply air side is scaled according to the perturbation scaling ratio, while retaining the direction of the incremental heat exchange demand on the supply air side, to generate the water-side energy supply traction. The direction of the water-side energy supply traction is used to represent the correction direction of the chilled water side energy supply reference, and the magnitude of the water-side energy supply traction represents the correction intensity of the chilled water side energy supply reference.

[0040] Apply the water-side energy supply traction to the chilled water-side energy supply benchmark to generate candidate target energy supply. When the direction of the water-side energy supply traction indicates an increase in energy supply, the magnitude of the water-side energy supply traction is superimposed on the chilled water-side energy supply benchmark to generate a candidate target energy supply. When the direction of the water-side energy supply traction indicates a decrease in energy supply, the magnitude of the water-side energy supply traction is subtracted from the chilled water-side energy supply benchmark to generate a candidate target energy supply. When the direction of the water-side energy supply traction indicates that the energy supply remains constant, the chilled water-side energy supply benchmark is used as the candidate target energy supply. The candidate target energy supply represents the energy supply level that the chilled water side needs to achieve in this control cycle under the combined effects of the current station load state and the fast boundary layer state.

[0041] The candidate target energy supply boundary is verified on the chilled water side. The candidate target energy supply located within the preset energy supply boundary is determined as the target energy supply. The candidate target energy supply that exceeds the preset energy supply boundary is adjusted to be within the preset energy supply boundary and then determined as the target energy supply.

[0042] The preset energy supply boundary consists of a lower limit and an upper limit for allowable energy supply on the chilled water side. The lower limit is determined based on minimum comfort requirements and minimum stable operating conditions on the chilled water side, while the upper limit is determined based on upper limits for pump frequency, chilled water flow rate, valve opening, and energy consumption constraints. When verifying candidate target energy supplies, they are compared with the preset energy supply boundary. If the candidate target energy supply is between the lower and upper limits, it is directly determined as the target energy supply. If it is lower, the lower limit is determined as the target energy supply. If it is higher, the upper limit is determined as the target energy supply. Through this chilled water side energy supply boundary verification, the target energy supply accommodates changes in heat exchange demand on the supply air side while also meeting the operating and energy-saving control boundaries of the chilled water side equipment.

[0043] In this embodiment, the process of predicting the achievable energy supply response on the water side includes: The current energy supply is calculated based on the energy supply status of the chilled water side. The difference between the target energy supply and the current energy supply is calculated to generate the water-side energy supply difference. Specifically, the chilled water supply temperature, chilled water return temperature, and chilled water flow rate in the chilled water side power supply state are calculated according to a preset heat exchange calculation formula to obtain the heat exchange capacity of the chilled water side within the current sampling period. The preset heat exchange calculation relationship is used to calculate the heat exchange per unit time based on the chilled water flow rate and the temperature difference between the chilled water supply and return water. The power supply capacity of the chilled water side is characterized by the product relationship between the flow rate and the temperature difference between the supply and return water, representing the heat exchange correspondence between the chilled water flow rate and the temperature difference between the supply and return water. The pump frequency and valve opening are converted into corresponding flow correction coefficients and flow capacity correction coefficients, respectively. The correction coefficients are applied to the heat exchange capacity to correct the heat exchange capacity and obtain the current power supply. The current power supply is used to represent the actual power supply level that the chilled water side can provide under the current operating state. The current power supply and the target power supply are at the same power supply scale. The target energy supply is subtracted from the current energy supply to obtain the water-side energy supply difference. When the water-side energy supply difference is positive, it indicates that the current energy supply on the chilled water side is insufficient. When the water-side energy supply difference is negative, it indicates that the current energy supply on the chilled water side is excessive. When the water-side energy supply difference is within the preset energy supply matching range, it indicates that the current energy supply on the chilled water side matches the target energy supply. The water-side energy supply difference determines the subsequent water-side adjustment direction and water-side adjustment range. The direction of water-side regulation is determined based on the difference in water-side power supply. When the water-side power supply difference is positive and exceeds the upper limit of the preset power supply matching range, the water-side adjustment direction is determined as the power supply increase direction; when the water-side power supply difference is negative and below the lower limit of the preset power supply matching range, the water-side adjustment direction is determined as the power supply decrease direction; when the water-side power supply difference is within the preset power supply matching range, the water-side adjustment direction is determined as the power supply maintenance direction. The valve opening adjustment amount, chilled water flow rate adjustment amount, and pump frequency adjustment amount are generated according to the adjustment sequence of valve opening, chilled water flow rate, and pump frequency. When the water-side adjustment direction is the direction of increasing energy supply, the valve opening increase is generated based on the water-side energy supply difference; when the valve opening increase reaches the upper limit of the adjustable valve opening, the chilled water flow rate increase is generated based on the remaining water-side energy supply difference; when the chilled water flow rate increase reaches the upper limit of the adjustable chilled water flow rate, the pump frequency increase is generated based on the remaining water-side energy supply difference. When the water-side adjustment direction is the direction of power supply reduction, the valve opening reduction is generated based on the water-side power supply difference; when the valve opening reduction reaches the lower limit of the adjustable valve opening, the chilled water flow rate reduction is generated based on the remaining water-side power supply difference; when the chilled water flow rate reduction reaches the lower limit of the adjustable chilled water flow rate, the pump frequency reduction is generated based on the remaining water-side power supply difference. When the water-side adjustment direction is the power supply maintenance direction, the valve opening adjustment amount, chilled water flow rate adjustment amount, and water pump frequency adjustment amount are set as maintenance adjustment amounts. Through the above adjustment sequence, the water-side adjustment first acts on the valve opening, which has a more direct response, then acts on the chilled water flow rate, and finally acts on the water pump frequency, reducing frequent and large-scale adjustments of the water pump.

[0044] The valve opening adjustment, chilled water flow rate adjustment, and water pump frequency adjustment are corrected within the equipment's executable range to generate the corrected water-side adjustment. The valve opening adjustment amount, the chilled water flow rate adjustment amount, and the pump frequency adjustment amount are compared with the allowable range of the valve opening, chilled water flow rate, and pump frequency, respectively. When the corresponding adjustment amount is within the allowable range, the adjustment amount is retained. When the corresponding adjustment amount exceeds the upper limit of the allowable range, the adjustment amount is adjusted to the upper limit of the allowable range. When the corresponding adjustment amount is below the lower limit of the allowable range, the adjustment amount is adjusted to the lower limit of the allowable range. After completing the calibration of the equipment's executable range, the calibrated valve opening adjustment, the calibrated chilled water flow rate adjustment, and the calibrated pump frequency adjustment are combined into the calibrated water-side adjustment; the calibrated water-side adjustment represents the water-side control input that can be executed by the chilled water-side equipment.

[0045] Based on the corrected water-side regulation, the changes in the temperature difference between the chilled water supply and return water and the changes in the chilled water flow rate are predicted. Based on the changes in the temperature difference between the chilled water supply and return water and the changes in the chilled water flow rate, the water-side achievable energy supply response is generated.

[0046] The change in chilled water flow capacity is determined based on the corrected valve opening adjustment, the direct change in chilled water flow rate is determined based on the corrected chilled water flow rate adjustment, and the change in chilled water circulation capacity is determined based on the corrected pump frequency adjustment. The changes in chilled water flow capacity, direct change in chilled water flow rate, and change in chilled water circulation capacity are combined to obtain the change in chilled water flow rate. Based on the change in chilled water flow rate, the direction of water-side adjustment, and the current temperature difference between chilled water supply and return, the change in the temperature difference between chilled water supply and return is predicted. When the direction of water-side adjustment is the direction of increasing energy supply, the change in the temperature difference between chilled water supply and return is generated according to the heat exchange enhancement trend corresponding to the change in chilled water flow rate. When the direction of water-side adjustment is the direction of decreasing energy supply, the change in the temperature difference between chilled water supply and return is generated according to the heat exchange reduction trend corresponding to the change in chilled water flow rate. When the direction of water-side adjustment is the direction of maintaining energy supply, the change in the temperature difference between chilled water supply and return is limited to a preset stable range.

[0047] The change in chilled water supply and return water temperature difference is applied to the current chilled water supply and return water temperature difference to obtain the predicted supply and return water temperature difference; the change in chilled water flow rate is applied to the current chilled water flow rate to obtain the predicted chilled water flow rate; the predicted supply energy is calculated based on the predicted supply and return water temperature difference and the predicted chilled water flow rate, and the predicted supply energy is used as the water-side achievable supply energy response quantity; the water-side achievable supply energy response quantity is used to represent the supply energy level that the chilled water side can achieve in this control cycle after the corrected water-side adjustment quantity is executed.

[0048] In this embodiment, the process of matching the incremental heat exchange demand on the supply air side includes: Using the target energy supply as the water-side response matching benchmark, the difference between the achievable water-side energy supply response and the water-side demand benchmark is calculated to generate the water-side supply-demand response difference. Based on the time scale coefficient, the water-side supply and demand response difference is lag-corrected to generate cross-scale energy supply deviation; Specifically, the difference between water-side supply and demand response is used as the original deviation of the water-side energy supply response relative to the water-side response matching benchmark, and the time scale coefficient is used as the basis for correcting the slow response lag of the chilled water side. When the time scale coefficient indicates that the chilled water side response is significantly slower than the air supply side response, the difference between water-side supply and demand response is amplified to reflect the impact of the chilled water side energy supply lag on the rapid adjustment of the air side. When the time scale coefficient indicates that the difference between the chilled water side response and the air supply side response is small, the difference between water-side supply and demand response is corrected at a low amplitude. The corrected difference between water-side supply and demand response is used as the cross-scale energy supply deviation. The cross-scale energy supply deviation is compared with a preset response matching interval to determine the states of insufficient energy supply, energy supply matching, and excessive energy supply. The preset response matching interval consists of a lower limit and an upper limit, which represent the allowable deviation range between the achievable energy supply response on the water side and the water side response matching benchmark. When the cross-scale energy supply deviation is lower than the lower limit, the achievable energy supply response on the water side is determined to be insufficient to meet the water side response matching benchmark, and the state is determined to be insufficient energy supply. When the cross-scale energy supply deviation is between the lower and upper limits, the achievable energy supply response on the water side is determined to match the water side response matching benchmark, and the state is determined to be energy supply matching. When the cross-scale energy supply deviation is higher than the upper limit, the achievable energy supply response on the water side exceeds the water side response matching benchmark, and the state is determined to be excessive energy supply. When the cross-scale energy supply deviation is lower than the lower limit of the preset response matching interval, it is determined to be an insufficient energy supply state. Based on the deviation amplitude of the cross-scale energy supply deviation, a water-side response feedback quantity is generated to enhance the compensation of the fast boundary layer state. In the case of insufficient power supply, the difference between the cross-scale power supply deviation and the response matching lower limit is taken as the power supply deficiency deviation amplitude, and the feedback direction is set as the enhancement direction. The enhancement feedback amplitude is generated based on the power supply deficiency deviation amplitude and the time scale coefficient. The initial enhancement feedback amplitude is obtained by weighting the power supply deficiency deviation amplitude and the time scale coefficient, and the initial enhancement feedback amplitude is proportionally adjusted according to the system response sensitivity. When verifying the upper limit of the enhancement feedback amplitude, the enhancement feedback amplitude is compared with the preset upper limit of the feedback amplitude. When the enhancement feedback amplitude is greater than the upper limit of the feedback amplitude, the enhancement feedback amplitude is limited to the upper limit of the feedback amplitude. When the enhancement feedback amplitude is less than or equal to the upper limit of the feedback amplitude, it remains unchanged. The enhancement direction and the verified enhancement feedback amplitude are combined to form the water-side response feedback quantity used to enhance the fast boundary layer state compensation. When the cross-scale energy supply deviation is within the preset response matching range, it is determined to be an energy supply matching state. Based on the stability of the cross-scale energy supply deviation within the continuous control cycle, a water-side response feedback quantity is generated to maintain the fast boundary layer state compensation. Under the power supply matching state, the stability of the cross-scale power supply deviation within the continuous control cycle is judged. When the cross-scale power supply deviation within the continuous control cycle is within the preset response matching range, and the deviation change amplitude between adjacent control cycles is lower than the preset stability threshold, the feedback direction is set to the maintenance direction, the feedback amplitude is set to the maintenance feedback amplitude, and the water-side response feedback quantity used to maintain the fast boundary layer state compensation is generated. When the cross-scale power supply deviation exceeds the limit within the continuous control cycle, the feedback quantity generation process corresponding to the power supply insufficiency state or power supply overload state is switched to.

[0049] When the cross-scale energy supply deviation is higher than the upper limit of the preset response matching interval, it is determined to be an over-supply state. Based on the deviation magnitude of the cross-scale energy supply deviation, a water-side response feedback quantity is generated to reduce the compensation for the fast boundary layer state. Under the condition of excessive energy supply, the difference between the cross-scale energy supply deviation and the upper limit of the response matching is taken as the excessive energy supply deviation amplitude, and the feedback direction is set as the reduction direction. The reduction feedback amplitude is generated based on the excessive energy supply deviation amplitude and the time scale coefficient, and the upper limit of the feedback amplitude is checked. The reduction direction and the checked reduction feedback amplitude are combined into the water-side response feedback quantity used to reduce the fast boundary layer state compensation.

[0050] In this embodiment, the process of performing enhancement, maintenance, or reduction compensation includes: The feedback direction and amplitude of the water-side response feedback quantity are analyzed, and the deviation of the rapid heat exchange on the air supply side is determined based on the fast boundary layer state, which serves as a compensation benchmark. When the feedback direction is to enhance, the feedback amplitude is superimposed on the compensation benchmark to generate an enhanced compensation wind-side compensation state. When the feedback direction is to maintain, the compensation benchmark is maintained to generate a maintained compensation wind-side compensation state. When the feedback direction is to reduce, the compensation benchmark is reduced according to the feedback amplitude to generate a reduced compensation wind-side compensation state. For example, in this invention, the compensation benchmark can be represented by the normalized deviation of the rapid heat exchange on the air supply side; if the compensation benchmark is 0.40 and the feedback amplitude in the water-side response feedback is 0.15, then when the feedback direction is to enhance, 0.15 is added to 0.40 to obtain the air-side compensation state of 0.55; when the feedback direction is to maintain, 0.40 is maintained as the air-side compensation state; when the feedback direction is to reduce, 0.15 is subtracted from 0.40 to obtain the air-side compensation state of 0.25; the air-side compensation state is used to subsequently determine the air supply volume adjustment amount and the fan frequency adjustment amount.

[0051] The direction and magnitude of the supply air adjustment are determined based on the wind-side compensation status, and the supply air volume adjustment amount and the fan frequency adjustment amount are generated according to the priority of supply air volume and the following of fan frequency. The adjustment amount is calibrated within the equipment's executable range, and the calibrated air volume adjustment amount and fan frequency adjustment amount are set.

[0052] The wind-side compensation status includes the compensation direction and the compensation intensity. When the compensation direction is the enhancement direction, the air supply side adjustment direction is determined to increase the air supply direction. When the compensation direction is the maintenance direction, the air supply side adjustment direction is determined to maintain the air supply direction. When the compensation direction is the reduction direction, the air supply side adjustment direction is determined to decrease the air supply direction. The compensation intensity is used to determine the air supply side adjustment range within the current control cycle.

[0053] Taking one control cycle as an example, the current air supply volume is 12000m³. 3 / h, the current fan frequency is 35Hz, the wind-side compensation status is in the enhanced direction, the normalized compensation intensity is 0.55, and the preset maximum single-cycle air supply adjustment range is 3000m. 3 / h, then first combine 0.55 with 3000m 3 Multiplying by / h, we obtain the demand adjustment range of the supply air side for this round, which is 1650m. 3 / h. Following the principle of prioritizing air supply volume, first generate the air supply volume adjustment amount +1500m. 3 / h; 150m remaining 3 / h does not meet the adjustment range, so it is converted into a fan frequency following adjustment amount. If the preset value is 100m 3 / h corresponds to a 1Hz frequency change, thus generating a fan frequency adjustment of +1.5Hz; therefore, the air volume adjustment is obtained as +1500m. 3 / h and fan frequency adjustment amount +1.5Hz.

[0054] When the wind-side compensation state is in the direction of maintaining, the air supply volume adjustment and fan frequency adjustment are set to the maintaining adjustment amount; when the wind-side compensation state is in the direction of reducing, the adjustment range is calculated according to the same compensation intensity, and the air supply volume adjustment and fan frequency adjustment are set to the negative adjustment amount to reduce the air supply volume and fan frequency.

[0055] The equipment's operable range includes the allowable range of air supply volume, the allowable range of fan frequency, the maximum variation range of air supply volume in a single cycle, and the maximum variation range of fan frequency in a single cycle. When correcting the air supply volume adjustment, the current air supply volume is added to the adjusted air supply volume to obtain the candidate air supply volume. If the candidate air supply volume is within the allowable range, the adjusted air supply volume is retained. If the candidate air supply volume is higher than the upper limit of the allowable air supply volume, the adjusted air supply volume is corrected to the difference between the upper limit of the allowable air supply volume and the current air supply volume. If the candidate air supply volume is lower than the lower limit of the allowable air supply volume, the adjusted air supply volume is corrected to the difference between the lower limit of the allowable air supply volume and the current air supply volume.

[0056] With the current air supply volume of 15500m³ 3 / h, permissible air supply volume range is 10000m³ 3 / h to 16000m 3 / h, the original air supply volume adjustment is +1500m 3 For example, with a supply air volume of 17000 m³ / h. 3 / h, exceeding the maximum allowable air supply volume of 16000m³ / h. 3 / h, then the air supply volume adjustment will be corrected to +500m 3 / h. Any amount exceeding this limit will no longer be directly sent to the air supply volume adjustment, but can be switched to fan frequency following adjustment according to the fan frequency allowable range.

[0057] When correcting the fan frequency adjustment amount, the current fan frequency is added to the fan frequency adjustment amount to obtain the candidate fan frequency. If the candidate fan frequency is within the allowable range of fan frequency, the fan frequency adjustment amount is retained. If the candidate fan frequency is higher than the upper limit of the allowable fan frequency, the fan frequency adjustment amount is corrected to the difference between the upper limit of the allowable fan frequency and the current fan frequency. If the candidate fan frequency is lower than the lower limit of the allowable fan frequency, the fan frequency adjustment amount is corrected to the difference between the lower limit of the allowable fan frequency and the current fan frequency.

[0058] Taking a current fan frequency of 48Hz, a permissible fan frequency range of 30Hz to 50Hz, and an original fan frequency adjustment of +5Hz as an example, if the candidate fan frequency is 53Hz, exceeding the permissible upper limit of 50Hz, then the fan frequency adjustment is corrected to +2Hz. After correction, both the air volume adjustment and the fan frequency adjustment are within the equipment's executable range, and these are taken as the corrected air volume adjustment and corrected fan frequency adjustment.

[0059] In this embodiment, the process of generating wind and water linkage energy-saving control commands includes: The corrected valve opening, chilled water flow rate, water pump frequency, air supply volume, and fan frequency are combined to form candidate adjustment values; Based on the candidate adjustment values, the comfort, energy consumption, and equipment operation boundary verifications are performed respectively. When all the verifications meet the preset conditions, the candidate adjustment quantity is determined to be the wind and water linkage energy-saving control command; If any verification fails to meet the preset conditions, the candidate adjustment quantity is corrected by boundary backoff and re-verified until the conditions are met, and then a control command is generated.

[0060] Comfort boundary verification involves applying candidate wind-water linkage regulation parameters to the current station environment to predict the station's temperature, humidity, and air quality responses for the next control cycle. The predicted results are then compared to preset comfort boundaries. These boundaries include the permissible temperature range, humidity range, and air quality range, as well as the upper limit of temperature and humidity variation within a unit control cycle. The comfort verification is considered successful when the predicted temperature, humidity, and air quality responses are within their respective permissible ranges, and the temperature and humidity variations within a unit control cycle do not exceed their corresponding upper limits. Conversely, the comfort verification fails when any predicted result exceeds its corresponding permissible boundary.

[0061] Energy consumption boundary verification refers to calculating the changes in fan energy consumption, pump energy consumption, and water-side energy consumption caused by valve regulation based on candidate wind-water linkage adjustment quantities, and then synthesizing these energy consumption changes into the predicted total energy consumption corresponding to the candidate wind-water linkage adjustment quantity. The preset energy consumption boundaries include the upper limit of energy consumption per control cycle and the allowable range of energy consumption variation relative to the baseline control strategy. The energy consumption verification is considered successful when the predicted total energy consumption does not exceed the upper limit of energy consumption per control cycle and the change in predicted total energy consumption relative to the baseline control strategy is within the allowable range of energy consumption variation; the energy consumption verification is considered unsuccessful when the predicted total energy consumption exceeds the upper limit of energy consumption per control cycle or the change in predicted total energy consumption relative to the baseline control strategy exceeds the allowable range of energy consumption variation.

[0062] Equipment operating boundary verification refers to comparing the valve opening adjustment, chilled water flow adjustment, water pump frequency adjustment, air supply volume adjustment, and fan frequency adjustment among the candidate air-water linkage regulation quantities with the corresponding equipment's allowable operating range and single control cycle variation range. The equipment operating boundary includes the allowable ranges for valve opening, chilled water flow, water pump frequency, air supply volume, and fan frequency, as well as the maximum variation amplitude of these objects within a single control cycle. If the valve opening, chilled water flow, water pump frequency, air supply volume, and fan frequency after the candidate air-water linkage regulation quantity is applied are all within their respective allowable operating ranges, and the single control cycle variation amplitude of each object does not exceed its corresponding maximum variation amplitude, the equipment operating boundary verification is considered successful. If any object exceeds its corresponding allowable operating range or its corresponding single control cycle variation range, the equipment operating boundary verification is considered unsuccessful.

[0063] In this invention, the preset conditions specifically require that the comfort verification results, energy consumption verification results, and equipment operation verification results all meet the passing conditions. In other words, the candidate wind-water linkage adjustment quantity must simultaneously meet the station comfort boundary, system energy consumption boundary, and equipment executable boundary in order to be determined as a wind-water linkage energy-saving control command.

[0064] When the comfort test fails, priority is given to backtracking the air supply volume regulation, fan frequency regulation, and chilled water flow regulation of the candidate air-water linkage regulation quantities that are directly related to the temperature and humidity response in the station, so that the predicted environmental response in the station returns to the preset comfort boundary. When the energy consumption test fails, priority is given to reducing the pump frequency regulation and fan frequency regulation of the candidate air-water linkage regulation quantities that contribute significantly to energy consumption, and reallocating the valve opening regulation, chilled water flow regulation, and air supply volume regulation. When the equipment operating boundary test fails, the regulation quantities that exceed the equipment operating boundary are adjusted to the corresponding boundary values, and the corrected candidate air-water linkage regulation quantities are recalculated.

[0065] After boundary back-off correction, the candidate wind-water linkage adjustment quantities re-enter the comfort boundary verification, energy consumption boundary verification, and equipment operation boundary verification until all three types of verification results meet the preset conditions. The candidate wind-water linkage adjustment quantities that pass the verification are then determined as wind-water linkage energy-saving control commands.

[0066] In this embodiment, after executing the wind-water linkage energy-saving control command, the wind-water linkage energy-saving control command is sent to the wind-side execution device and the water-side execution device respectively, so that the wind-side execution device operates according to the fan frequency adjustment amount and the air supply volume adjustment amount, and the water-side execution device operates according to the water pump frequency adjustment amount, the chilled water flow rate adjustment amount and the valve opening adjustment amount.

[0067] Within the control cycle following the execution of the wind-water linkage energy-saving control command, execution feedback status is collected. This feedback includes the station load status, air supply side heat exchange status, chilled water side energy supply status, wind side energy consumption status, and water side energy consumption status after execution. The execution feedback is used to determine whether the wind side response, water side response, and energy consumption changes after the wind-water linkage energy-saving control command execution meet the control requirements.

[0068] When updating the time scale coefficients, the execution time of the wind-water linkage energy-saving control command is used as the response starting point. Following the method for determining the wind-side and water-side response durations, the wind-side and water-side response durations are re-determined based on the execution feedback state. The ratio of the re-determined water-side response duration to the wind-side response duration is calculated, and after upper and lower limit constraints, the feedback time scale coefficient is obtained. According to a preset update ratio, the feedback time scale coefficient is weighted and updated with the time scale coefficient of the previous control cycle to generate the updated time scale coefficients. The updated time scale coefficients are used for perturbation scaling, hysteresis correction, and feedback amplitude limiting in the next control cycle.

[0069] When updating the water-side power supply traction, the actual power supply is calculated based on the chilled water-side power supply status in the execution feedback state; the difference between the actual power supply and the target power supply used in the current control cycle is calculated to generate a power supply feedback deviation; when the actual power supply is lower than the target power supply and the power supply feedback deviation exceeds the preset power supply allowable deviation range, the water-side power supply traction in the next control cycle is increased; when the actual power supply is within the preset power supply allowable deviation range corresponding to the target power supply, the water-side power supply traction in the next control cycle is maintained; when the actual power supply is higher than the target power supply and the power supply feedback deviation exceeds the preset power supply allowable deviation range, the water-side power supply traction in the next control cycle is decreased; the adjusted water-side power supply traction is then subjected to chilled water-side power supply boundary verification to generate the updated water-side power supply traction.

[0070] When updating the water-side response feedback, the difference between the actual energy supply and the target energy supply used in the current control cycle is calculated to generate the water-side response deviation. The water-side response deviation is then hysteret-corrected based on the updated time scale coefficient to generate the corrected water-side response deviation. When the corrected water-side response deviation is lower than the lower limit of the preset response matching interval, the water-side response feedback is updated to the enhancement direction, and the feedback amplitude is determined based on the corrected water-side response deviation. When the corrected water-side response deviation is within the preset response matching interval, the water-side response feedback is updated to the maintenance direction. When the corrected water-side response deviation is higher than the upper limit of the preset response matching interval, the water-side response feedback is updated to the reduction direction, and the feedback amplitude is determined based on the corrected water-side response deviation. Finally, the upper limit of the feedback amplitude is verified to generate the updated water-side response feedback.

[0071] Through the above update process, the time scale coefficient is updated based on the actual changes in the wind-side response time and the water-side response time; the water-side energy supply traction is updated based on the deviation between the actual energy supply and the target energy supply; and the water-side response feedback is updated based on the response result of the actual energy supply relative to the target energy supply. The updated time scale coefficient, water-side energy supply traction, and water-side response feedback enter the next control cycle, forming the result of the subway station air conditioning wind and water linkage energy-saving control.

[0072] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a subway station air conditioning ventilation and water-cooling linkage energy-saving control system includes the following modules: The data preprocessing module is used to collect and preprocess the subway station air conditioning operation data to generate a standardized operation status sequence; The time scale generation module is used to identify the load status, air supply side heat exchange status, and chilled water side energy supply status within the station, and generate time scale coefficients. The singular perturbation linkage module is used to construct singular perturbation linkage processes for fast boundary layer states, slow manifold states, and energy supply traction and feedback. The water-side traction control module is used to calculate the incremental heat exchange demand on the air supply side, generate the water-side energy supply traction amount, and obtain the target energy supply. The water-side response prediction module is used to generate pump frequency regulation, chilled water flow regulation, and valve opening regulation, and to predict the achievable water-side energy supply response. The water-side feedback generation module is used to match the available energy supply response on the water side with the incremental heat exchange demand on the air supply side, and generate the water-side response feedback quantity. The wind-side compensation control module is used to generate the wind-side compensation state based on the water-side response feedback, and to set the fan frequency adjustment amount and the air supply volume adjustment amount. The instruction verification and generation module is used to verify the comfort, energy consumption and equipment operation boundaries of each adjustment quantity, and generate wind and water linkage energy-saving control instructions. The execution feedback update module is used to execute the wind and water linkage energy-saving control command and collect feedback status, update the time scale coefficient, water-side energy supply traction amount and water-side response feedback amount, and obtain the control result.

[0073] Example 2: To verify the feasibility of this invention in practice, it was applied to an energy-saving control scenario involving the air conditioning and ventilation systems of an underground rail transit station. The air conditioning system in this scenario can be referenced... Figure 4 The system mainly consists of a fresh air handling unit, a supply fan, return air vents, supply air ducts, return air ducts, fan coil units, chilled water pump units, chilled water supply pipes, chilled water return pipes, plate heat exchangers, chiller units, electric valves, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and a controller. The fresh air handling unit processes outdoor fresh air and delivers it into the supply air ducts. The supply fan delivers the processed air to the fan coil units in the station's public areas. Return air returns to the fresh air handling unit via the return air duct. Chilled water is supplied by the chiller unit and plate heat exchanger, delivered by the chilled water pump unit to the chilled water supply pipe, then enters the fan coil units and heat exchange terminals. After heat exchange, the chilled water returns via the chilled water return pipe. Temperature sensors are located at the supply air ducts, return air ducts, chilled water supply pipes, and chilled water return pipes. Pressure sensors are located at key pipelines on the supply air and chilled water sides. The controller receives sensor data and sends control commands to the supply fan, chilled water pump units, and electric valves.

[0074] The station experiences significant load fluctuations during operation. After personnel enter the station hall and platform, the temperature, humidity, and air quality change. While the air-side equipment responds quickly through airflow and fan frequency adjustments, the chilled water side is limited by chilled water circulation, heat exchanger thermal inertia, valve opening, and pump frequency variations, resulting in a significantly slower energy supply change compared to the air side. With conventional control methods, the controller typically increases fan and pump frequencies immediately upon detecting a temperature rise, causing a rapid increase in airflow before the chilled water side reaches the corresponding energy level, leading to persistent short-term temperature fluctuations. Once the water side reaches its energy supply, the air side may have already overcompensated, causing repeated adjustments to fan and pump frequencies, increasing energy consumption, requiring more frequent equipment adjustments, and maintaining unstable comfort levels. This invention addresses the lack of coordination between the fast response of the air side and the slow response of the water side.

[0075] In this scenario, the controller first collects operational data from the subway station's air conditioning system. This data includes the operating status of the fresh air handling unit, fan frequency, air volume, supply air temperature, return air temperature, chilled water pump frequency, chilled water flow rate, chilled water supply temperature, chilled water return temperature, electric valve opening, station temperature, station humidity, air quality, passenger density, air-side energy consumption, and water-side energy consumption. The above data is sourced from... Figure 4The system includes fresh air handling units, air supply fans, chilled water pump units, electric valves, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and controllers. The controller performs time alignment, missing data completion, anomaly removal, dimension unification, and normalized coding on data from different sources to form a standardized operating status sequence, ensuring that wind-side data, water-side data, environmental data, and energy consumption data are on a unified time and calculation scale.

[0076] During the identification phase, the controller identifies the station's load status, supply air heat exchange status, and chilled water power supply status from a standardized operating state sequence. The station's load status is characterized by passenger density, changes in station temperature and humidity, and changes in air quality. The supply air heat exchange status is characterized by supply air volume, supply air temperature, return air temperature, and supply fan frequency. The chilled water power supply status is characterized by the chilled water supply and return temperature difference, chilled water flow rate, pump frequency, and electric valve opening. When the station load increases significantly, the controller records the response trigger time and determines the air-side response time required for the supply air side to reach the preset heat exchange target and the water-side response time required for the chilled water side to reach the preset power supply target. Calculations show that the air-side response time is significantly shorter than the water-side response time, indicating that the supply air side is a fast-response object and the chilled water side is a slow-response object. The controller generates a time scale coefficient based on this.

[0077] Based on the time scale coefficient, the controller constructs the rapidly changing portion of the supply air heat exchange state as a fast boundary layer state and the slowly changing portion of the chilled water power supply state as a slow manifold state. The fast boundary layer state characterizes the rapid response of supply air volume and temperature to changes in the station load, while the slow manifold state characterizes the slow changes in chilled water power supply under the action of pumps, valves, and heat exchangers. The controller determines the chilled water power supply baseline based on the slow manifold state and calculates the incremental heat exchange demand on the supply air side according to the station load state and the fast boundary layer state. This incremental heat exchange demand is not directly transferred entirely to the chilled water side, but is perturbed and scaled according to the time scale coefficient to generate the water-side power supply traction, which is then used to correct the chilled water side power supply baseline to obtain the target power supply. This avoids rapid fluctuations on the supply air side directly causing excessive operation of the chilled water pumps and electric valves.

[0078] After obtaining the target energy supply, the controller calculates the current energy supply based on the current chilled water side energy supply status and compares the target energy supply with the current energy supply to generate the water-side energy supply difference. If the current energy supply is insufficient, the controller first adjusts the electric valve opening, then adjusts the chilled water flow rate, and finally adjusts the water pump frequency; if the current energy supply is excessive, the controller reduces the adjustment in the same order; if the current energy supply is within the allowable range, the water-side adjustment is maintained. After completing the equipment's executable range correction, the controller predicts the achievable water-side energy supply response and compares this achievable water-side energy supply response with the water-side response matching benchmark to generate the water-side response feedback corresponding to insufficient energy supply, energy matching, or excessive energy supply.

[0079] During the wind-side compensation phase, if the available water-side energy supply response is insufficient, the controller determines the water-side response feedback as the enhancement direction, performing enhanced compensation for the fast boundary layer state by appropriately increasing the air supply volume and fan frequency, ensuring the station environment remains stable even before the water-side energy supply is fully in place. If the available water-side energy supply response matches the target energy supply, the controller maintains the wind-side compensation state to avoid meaningless adjustments. If the available water-side energy supply response is excessive, the controller determines the water-side response feedback as the reduction direction, performing reduction compensation for the fast boundary layer state by reducing the air supply volume or fan frequency, preventing further over-compensation on the wind side. Therefore, Figure 4 The relationship between the central air supply fan, fan coil unit, chilled water pump set and electric valve is no longer a simple synchronous increase or decrease relationship, but a linkage relationship is formed where the wind side responds quickly to drive the water side to supply energy, and the water side can provide energy to correct the wind side compensation.

[0080] Before generating control commands, the controller performs comfort, energy consumption, and equipment operating boundary checks on the pump frequency adjustment, chilled water flow rate adjustment, valve opening adjustment, fan frequency adjustment, and air supply volume adjustment. Comfort check ensures that the station's temperature, humidity, and air quality are within permissible ranges; energy consumption check limits wind-side and water-side energy consumption; equipment operating boundary check ensures that the blower, chilled water pump unit, electric valves, and chilled water flow rate are all within executable ranges. Only when all three checks pass is the candidate adjustment quantity determined as the wind-water linkage energy-saving control command. After the control command is executed, the controller continues to collect feedback status and updates the time scale coefficient, water-side energy supply traction, and water-side response feedback based on the feedback status, so that the next round of control can better reflect the actual operating conditions.

[0081] Comparison of continuous operation data reveals that conventional control methods are prone to excessive wind-side enhancement followed by excessive water-side compensation when the load increases, resulting in large temperature fluctuations within the station and frequent frequency changes in water pumps and fans. This invention distinguishes between fast wind-side and slow water-side responses using a time scale coefficient, controls the target energy supply to the chilled water side using the water-side energy supply traction, and corrects the wind-side compensation state using the water-side response feedback, thus making the adjustment process on both the wind and water sides smoother. Data results show that under the same initial temperature and humidity, similar load changes within the station, and the same equipment boundary conditions, this invention can reduce energy consumption per unit control cycle, reduce frequent equipment adjustments, improve comfort compliance rates, and shorten the water-side energy supply lag time, proving the effectiveness of this invention. Figure 4 The implementation of the air conditioning system is feasible and stable.

[0082] Table 1: Comparison of the Implementation Effects of Air Conditioning and Water System Linkage Control in Subway Stations

[0083] As shown in Table 1, the energy-saving effect of this invention in the air-water linkage control of subway station air conditioning is quite significant. Under conventional control, the total energy consumption per control cycle is 418.6 kWh, while the control method of this invention reduces it to 349.2 kWh, a reduction of 16.6%. Specifically, the wind-side energy consumption decreased from 156.4 kWh to 132.7 kWh, and the water-side energy consumption decreased from 262.2 kWh to 216.5 kWh, indicating that this invention reduces ineffective adjustments on the blower side and lowers the operational burden on the chilled water pump unit and chilled water supply side. This result demonstrates that by distinguishing between the fast response on the wind side and the slow response on the water side using a time scale coefficient, and by using the water-side energy supply traction to correct the target energy supply, it is possible to avoid blindly increasing the output on both the wind and water sides simultaneously, thus achieving a more stable energy-saving control effect.

[0084] From the perspective of comfort-related indicators, this invention reduces energy consumption without weakening the environmental control effect within the station. Under conventional control, the average temperature deviation within the station is 0.82℃, while under the control method of this invention, it decreases to 0.39℃; the average humidity deviation within the station decreases from 4.8%RH to 2.1%RH; and the comfort compliance rate increases from 91.3% to 97.8%. This indicates that this invention does not simply reduce equipment operating power, but rather performs wind and water linkage regulation while meeting the temperature and humidity control requirements within the station. By comparing the achievable energy supply response on the water side with the water side response matching benchmark, the system can identify insufficient energy supply, energy matching, and excessive energy supply states, and then use the corresponding water side response feedback to correct the wind side compensation state, enabling more accurate control of changes in the station environment.

[0085] From the perspective of equipment operational stability, this invention reduces the frequency and magnitude of adjustments to the fan and water pump. The table shows that the number of significant water pump frequency adjustments decreased from 14 to 5, the number of significant fan frequency adjustments decreased from 16 to 6, the average water pump frequency fluctuation decreased from 5.4Hz to 2.1Hz, and the average air volume fluctuation decreased from 1860m³ / h. 3 / h dropped to 970m 3 / h. The above data shows that the present invention, through the sequential adjustment of "air volume priority, fan frequency follow" and "valve opening, chilled water flow, and water pump frequency", makes the equipment adjustment smoother, reduces the impact of directly increasing the fan frequency and water pump frequency, and helps to reduce equipment operation fluctuations and operating losses.

[0086] From the perspective of wind-water linkage matching effect, this invention has a strong improvement effect on the slow response lag problem on the water side. Under the conventional control method, the water-side energy supply lag time is 7.8 control cycles, while the control method of this invention reduces it to 4.6 control cycles; the matching rate of the water-side achievable energy supply response is increased from 84.5% to 95.6%; and the number of control cycles required for closed-loop stability is shortened from 10 to 6. This result shows that, through the singular perturbation linkage process of energy supply traction and feedback, this invention ensures that the rapid heat exchange demand on the wind side is not directly and unconstrainedly transmitted to the chilled water side, but is perturbed and scaled through a time scale coefficient, and the wind-side compensation state is corrected in reverse by the actual achievable energy supply result on the water side, thereby improving the matching degree between wind-side regulation and water-side energy supply.

[0087] From the perspective of control command executability, the boundary verification mechanism of this invention can reduce the occurrence of control commands exceeding equipment or comfort constraints. The number of control command boundary backoffs in the table decreased from 12 to 4, indicating that this invention effectively screened and corrected comfort, energy consumption, and equipment operating boundaries before generating the wind-water linkage energy-saving control command. This mechanism can prevent equipment from exceeding limits, abnormal energy consumption, or fluctuations in the station environment caused by directly issuing candidate adjustment quantities, making the final control command more consistent with the actual executable range of the equipment. In summary, the data in Table 1 demonstrates that this invention has good implementation effects in terms of energy saving, comfort maintenance, stable equipment operation, and closed-loop control convergence.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for energy-saving control of air conditioning and ventilation in subway stations, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Collect and preprocess subway station air conditioning operation data to generate a standardized operation status sequence; Identify the load status, air supply side heat exchange status, and chilled water side energy supply status within the station, determine the corresponding air-side response time and water-side response time, and generate time scale coefficients. Based on the time scale coefficient, the heat exchange state on the air supply side is constructed as a fast boundary layer state, and the energy supply state on the chilled water side is constructed as a slow manifold state, thus establishing a singular perturbation linkage process between energy supply traction and feedback. The incremental demand for heat exchange on the supply air side is calculated based on the load status and fast boundary layer status within the station. Perturbation scaling is performed according to the time scale coefficient to generate the water-side energy supply traction. The chilled water-side energy supply benchmark is then corrected to obtain the target energy supply. Based on the target energy supply generation pump frequency, chilled water flow rate, and valve opening adjustment, the achievable energy supply response on the water side is predicted. Match the available energy supply response on the water side with the incremental heat exchange demand on the air supply side to generate water side response feedback quantities corresponding to insufficient, matched, or excessive energy supply. Based on the water-side response feedback, enhance, maintain, or reduce compensation for the fast boundary layer state, generate the wind-side compensation state, and set the fan frequency and air volume adjustment. Verify the comfort, energy consumption, and equipment operating boundaries of each adjustment value, and generate air-water linkage energy-saving control commands. The system executes control commands and collects feedback status, updates the time scale coefficient, water-side power supply traction, and water-side response feedback, and obtains the control results.

2. The energy-saving control method for air conditioning and ventilation linkage in a subway station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preprocessing process includes: identifying the data source of the subway station air conditioning operation data, calibrating the timestamp, filling in missing values, removing outliers, unifying the units and normalizing the encoding, rearranging the states according to a unified sampling period, and generating a standardized operation state sequence.

3. The energy-saving control method for air conditioning and ventilation linkage in a subway station according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of generating time-scale coefficients includes: The moment when the load status within the station reaches the preset load change range in the standardized operating status sequence is used as the response trigger moment; After the response triggering time, the heat exchange status on the air supply side is sampled. When the change reaches the preset heat exchange target and tends to stabilize, it is determined as the wind side compliance time. The time interval from the response triggering time to this time is taken as the wind side response duration. After the response triggering time, the power supply status of the chilled water side is sampled. When the change reaches the preset power supply target and tends to stabilize, it is determined as the water side compliance time. The time interval from the response triggering time to this time is taken as the water side response duration. The ratio of the water-side response duration to the wind-side response duration is calculated and then subjected to upper and lower limit constraints to generate a time scale coefficient.

4. The energy-saving control method for air conditioning and ventilation linkage in a subway station according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of establishing singular perturbation linkage between energy supply traction and feedback specifically includes: The fast and slow response relationship between the heat exchange state on the supply air side and the energy supply state on the chilled water side is determined based on the time scale coefficient. The fast change part in the heat exchange state on the supply air side is extracted to generate the fast boundary layer state, and the slow change part in the energy supply state on the chilled water side is extracted to generate the slow manifold state. The chilled water side power supply benchmark is determined based on the slow manifold state; Based on the changes in heat exchange demand on the supply air side caused by the load status within the station, the direction and magnitude of the change in the fast boundary layer state are determined and mapped to the energy supply benchmark on the chilled water side to form an initial energy supply traction relationship. The initial energy supply traction relationship is perturbed and scaled according to the time scale coefficient to limit the transmission intensity of rapid heat exchange changes to the chilled water side, thereby generating the energy supply traction relationship; Based on the deviation of the slow manifold state from the chilled water side power supply benchmark, an initial feedback relationship between the chilled water side power supply state and the fast boundary layer state is established. The feedback amplitude is limited according to the time scale coefficient to generate the power supply feedback relationship. The energy supply traction relationship is taken as the positive path of the fast boundary layer state acting on the slow manifold state, and the energy supply feedback relationship is taken as the reverse path of the slow manifold state acting on the fast boundary layer state, forming a singular perturbation linkage process.

5. The energy-saving control method for air conditioning and ventilation linkage in a subway station according to claim 4, characterized in that, The process of generating the target energy supply includes: Determine the current load change range based on the load status within the station; The current load change magnitude is matched with the rapid heat exchange deviation magnitude corresponding to the fast boundary layer state to generate the incremental heat exchange demand on the supply air side. The energy supply traction relationship is invoked, and the incremental heat exchange demand on the air supply side is processed according to the perturbation scaling rules determined in the energy supply traction relationship to generate the energy supply traction amount on the water side. Apply the water-side energy supply traction to the chilled water-side energy supply benchmark to generate candidate target energy supply. The candidate target energy supply boundary is verified on the chilled water side. The candidate target energy supply located within the preset energy supply boundary is determined as the target energy supply. The candidate target energy supply that exceeds the preset energy supply boundary is adjusted to be within the preset energy supply boundary and then determined as the target energy supply.

6. The energy-saving control method for air conditioning and ventilation linkage in a subway station according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of predicting the achievable water-side energy supply response includes: The current energy supply is calculated based on the energy supply status of the chilled water side. The difference between the target energy supply and the current energy supply is calculated to generate the water-side energy supply difference. The direction of water-side regulation is determined based on the difference in water-side power supply. The valve opening adjustment amount, chilled water flow rate adjustment amount, and pump frequency adjustment amount are generated according to the adjustment sequence of valve opening, chilled water flow rate, and pump frequency. The valve opening adjustment, chilled water flow rate adjustment, and water pump frequency adjustment are corrected within the equipment's executable range to generate the corrected water-side adjustment. Based on the corrected water-side regulation, the changes in the temperature difference between the chilled water supply and return water and the changes in the chilled water flow rate are predicted. Based on these changes, the water-side achievable energy supply response is generated.

7. The energy-saving control method for air conditioning and ventilation linkage in a subway station according to claim 6, characterized in that, The process of matching the incremental heat exchange demand on the supply air side includes: Using the target energy supply as the water-side response matching benchmark, the difference between the achievable water-side energy supply response and the water-side demand benchmark is calculated to generate the water-side supply-demand response difference. Based on the time scale coefficient, the water-side supply and demand response difference is lag-corrected to generate cross-scale energy supply deviation; By comparing the cross-scale energy supply deviation with the preset response matching range, the states of insufficient energy supply, energy supply matching, and excessive energy supply are determined. When the cross-scale energy supply deviation is lower than the lower limit of the preset response matching interval, it is determined to be an insufficient energy supply state. Based on the deviation amplitude of the cross-scale energy supply deviation, a water-side response feedback quantity is generated to enhance the compensation of the fast boundary layer state. When the cross-scale energy supply deviation is within the preset response matching range, it is determined to be an energy supply matching state. Based on the stability of the cross-scale energy supply deviation within the continuous control cycle, a water-side response feedback quantity is generated to maintain the fast boundary layer state compensation. When the cross-scale energy supply deviation is higher than the upper limit of the preset response matching interval, it is determined to be an over-supply state. Based on the deviation magnitude of the cross-scale energy supply deviation, a water-side response feedback quantity is generated to reduce the compensation for the fast boundary layer state.

8. The energy-saving control method for air conditioning and ventilation linkage in a subway station according to claim 7, characterized in that, The process of performing enhancement, maintenance, or reduction compensation includes: The feedback direction and amplitude of the water-side response feedback quantity are analyzed, and the deviation of the rapid heat exchange on the air supply side is determined based on the fast boundary layer state, which serves as a compensation benchmark. When the feedback direction is to enhance, the feedback amplitude is superimposed on the compensation benchmark to generate an enhanced compensation wind-side compensation state. When the feedback direction is to maintain, the compensation benchmark is maintained to generate a maintained compensation wind-side compensation state. When the feedback direction is to reduce, the compensation benchmark is reduced according to the feedback amplitude to generate a reduced compensation wind-side compensation state. The direction and magnitude of the supply air adjustment are determined based on the wind-side compensation status, and the supply air volume adjustment amount and the fan frequency adjustment amount are generated according to the priority of supply air volume and the following of fan frequency. The adjustment amount is calibrated within the equipment's executable range, and the calibrated air volume adjustment amount and fan frequency adjustment amount are set.

9. The energy-saving control method for air conditioning and ventilation linkage in a subway station according to claim 8, characterized in that, The process of generating the wind and water linkage energy-saving control command includes: The corrected valve opening, chilled water flow rate, water pump frequency, air supply volume, and fan frequency are combined to form candidate adjustment values; Based on the candidate adjustment values, the comfort, energy consumption, and equipment operation boundary verifications are performed respectively. When all the verifications meet the preset conditions, the candidate adjustment quantity is determined to be the wind and water linkage energy-saving control command; If any verification fails to meet the preset conditions, the candidate adjustment quantity is corrected by boundary backoff and re-verified until the conditions are met, and then a control command is generated.

10. A subway station air conditioning ventilation and water-cooling linkage energy-saving control system, applied to the subway station air conditioning ventilation and water-cooling linkage energy-saving control method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following modules: The data preprocessing module is used to collect and preprocess the subway station air conditioning operation data to generate a standardized operation status sequence; The time scale generation module is used to identify the load status, air supply side heat exchange status, and chilled water side energy supply status within the station, and generate time scale coefficients. The singular perturbation linkage module is used to construct singular perturbation linkage processes for fast boundary layer states, slow manifold states, and energy supply traction and feedback. The water-side traction control module is used to calculate the incremental heat exchange demand on the air supply side, generate the water-side energy supply traction amount, and obtain the target energy supply. The water-side response prediction module is used to generate pump frequency regulation, chilled water flow regulation, and valve opening regulation, and to predict the achievable water-side energy supply response. The water-side feedback generation module is used to match the available energy supply response on the water side with the incremental heat exchange demand on the air supply side, and generate the water-side response feedback quantity. The wind-side compensation control module is used to generate the wind-side compensation state based on the water-side response feedback, and to set the fan frequency adjustment amount and the air supply volume adjustment amount. The instruction verification and generation module is used to verify the comfort, energy consumption and equipment operation boundaries of each adjustment quantity, and generate wind and water linkage energy-saving control instructions. The execution feedback update module is used to execute the wind and water linkage energy-saving control command and collect feedback status, update the time scale coefficient, water-side energy supply traction amount and water-side response feedback amount, and obtain the control result.

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