Grain drying apparatus with adjustable circulation path

Abstract

This invention discloses a grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path, belonging to the technical field of circulating grain dryers. It includes a tempering chamber, a drying chamber, and a collection hopper. A feeding mechanism is provided between the drying chamber and the collection hopper. A bucket elevator is located on the side. An air inlet hood is connected to the front of the drying chamber, and an exhaust device is connected to the back. An internal partition divides the chamber into an air inlet zone, an air outlet zone, and a grain zone. A pusher plate is provided in the grain zone, with an inclined plate at the upper end and a horizontal plate at the lower end. The inclined plate and the horizontal plate pass through the side wall of the drying chamber and are slidably connected to the chamber wall via sliding rods. A first electric pusher rod and a second electric pusher rod are symmetrically fixed to the outer walls on both sides of the drying chamber, their ends connected to corresponding sliding rods via horizontal rods. This invention uses electric pushers to drive the pusher plate, inclined plate, and horizontal plate to move synchronously, changing the width of the grain zone to adjust the width ratio of the drying chamber and the tempering chamber, achieving online adjustment of the drying and tempering time ratio, thus balancing the drying efficiency and finished product quality of grains with different moisture contents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circulating grain dryer technology, specifically a grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path. Background Technology

[0002] The circulating grain dryer employs a low-temperature or mixed-flow drying process, causing the grain to be repeatedly lifted, fallen, and gently tempered within the machine. Through multiple cycles, it achieves uniform heating and gentle dehydration, effectively avoiding quality damage caused by high-temperature rapid drying, significantly reducing the rate of grain breakage and cracking, and ensuring excellent grain quality and bright color after drying. This equipment has a wide range of applications and can process various grains such as rice, wheat, corn, and rapeseed. It is also equipped with an intelligent moisture monitoring system that automatically stops the machine when the set value is reached, making operation convenient and worry-free. Furthermore, the heat source can be selected from biomass fuels such as rice husks and straw, which helps to reduce drying costs.

[0003] Existing vertical circulating grain dryers typically have a drying section and a tempering section. During feeding, the grain first fills the drying section, then accumulates in the tempering section. The time ratio between the drying and tempering sections is determined by the amount of grain added—the more grain piled in the tempering section, the longer the tempering time. However, this time ratio remains fixed after the drying process begins. The grain's need for drying and tempering changes dynamically during the drying process: a higher moisture content requires a larger time ratio to enhance drying, while a lower moisture content requires a smaller time ratio to avoid overheating and grain bursting. Existing equipment cannot adjust the drying and tempering time ratio during the drying process, failing to balance drying efficiency and quality, resulting in poor drying results.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention provides a grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path, which can flexibly adjust the ratio of drying to tempering time by changing the circulation path, thereby improving the grain drying effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path, comprising a tempering chamber, a drying chamber, and a collection hopper arranged sequentially and connected vertically. A feeding mechanism is provided between the drying chamber and the collection hopper. A bucket elevator is provided on the side of the tempering chamber, the drying chamber, and the collection hopper. The upper end of the bucket elevator is connected to the upper end of the tempering chamber, and the lower end is connected to the lower end of the collection hopper, realizing the circulation of grain. An air inlet hood is connected to the front of the drying chamber, and an exhaust device is connected to the back. Several partitions are fixed inside the drying chamber, dividing the internal space of the drying chamber into several air inlet zones, air outlet zones, and grain zones. Ventilation holes are provided on the partitions. A pusher plate is provided in the grain zone. An inclined plate is provided at the upper end of the pusher plate, and a [missing information - likely a design feature] is provided at the lower end. A horizontal plate is provided, and a travel window is opened on the side wall of the drying chamber. The upper end of the inclined plate extends through the travel window to the outside of the drying chamber. The end of the horizontal plate away from the push plate can slide through the side wall of the drying chamber. A first slide rod is connected to the lower part of the inclined plate, and a second slide rod is connected to the upper part of the horizontal plate. Both the first and second slide rods are perpendicular to the side wall of the drying chamber and are slidably connected to the side wall of the drying chamber. Two symmetrically distributed first electric push rods are fixed to the outer walls of both sides of the drying chamber. The ends of the two first electric push rods are fixed to the first crossbars, and the ends of several first slide rods are all connected to the first crossbars. Two symmetrically distributed second electric push rods are fixed to the outer walls of both sides of the drying chamber. The ends of the two second electric push rods are fixed to the second crossbars, and the ends of several second slide rods are all connected to the second crossbars.

[0007] With the above setup, during use, grains are placed in the drying chamber and tempering chamber, and the descent speed of the grains is controlled by the feeding mechanism. The grains are then lifted by the bucket elevator to achieve grain circulation. In addition, hot drying air is introduced through the air inlet hood, passes through the drying chamber, and is extracted by the exhaust equipment. The drying effect is achieved through the contact between the hot drying air and the grains.

[0008] During the drying process, the positions of the push plate, tilting plate, and horizontal plate can be controlled by two first electric push rods and two second electric push rods. When the first electric push rods and the two second electric push rods retract synchronously, the push plate, tilting plate, and horizontal plate will encroach on the space of the grain area, reducing the width of the grain area. This reduces the width ratio of the drying chamber to the tempering chamber, and decreases the time ratio of drying time to tempering time during grain drying. This is suitable for use in the later stages of drying when the grain moisture content is low, ensuring drying effect and reducing grain breakage rate. Conversely, when the first electric push rods and the two second electric push rods extend synchronously, the push plate, tilting plate, and horizontal plate will reduce the space encroachment on the grain area, increasing the width of the grain area. This increases the width ratio of the drying chamber to the tempering chamber, and increases the time ratio of drying time to tempering time during grain drying. This is suitable for use in the early stages of drying when the grain moisture content is high, improving drying efficiency.

[0009] Furthermore, by adjusting the grain path during the drying process, the ratio of drying to tempering time can be flexibly adjusted, thus balancing drying efficiency and drying quality.

[0010] Several partitions are arranged in parallel within the drying chamber, and the grain zone, air inlet zone, and air outlet zone are staggered. One side of the grain zone is the air inlet zone, and the other side is the air outlet zone. Several air outlets communicating with the air outlet zone are opened on the back of the drying chamber, and several air inlets communicating with the air inlet zone are opened on the front of the drying chamber. All air inlets are located inside the air inlet hood, and all air outlets are connected to the exhaust equipment. A rhomboid-shaped dispersion rod is installed above the grain zone, and triangular guide plates are fixed above both the air outlet zone and the air inlet zone.

[0011] With the above setup, in the tempering chamber, the grain is guided into the drying zone by triangular guide plates. The dispersing rods above the grain zone effectively prevent material bridging and blockage, ensuring smooth flow. During the drying process, hot drying air enters the inlet zone through the air inlet. Because the back of this zone is a closed structure, the airflow is forced through the ventilation holes between the inlet zone and the grain zone, traversing the entire grain layer laterally. Subsequently, the airflow enters the outlet zone through the ventilation holes on the other side of the grain zone and is finally discharged through the exhaust port by the exhaust equipment. This lateral flow design increases the contact area between the hot air and the grain, ensuring uniform heat exchange. The airflow is entirely powered by the negative pressure suction of the exhaust equipment, achieving stable and controllable drying operations.

[0012] A vertical rotating shaft is installed in the grain area. The vertical rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the drying chamber through two bearing seats. A spring is installed at one end of the vertical rotating shaft. A windproof curtain is wound up on the vertical rotating shaft. A connecting strip is installed on the side of the push plate near the air outlet area. The free end of the windproof curtain is fixedly connected to the connecting strip. The width of the windproof curtain is greater than the longitudinal distribution width of the ventilation holes.

[0013] With the above setup, under the negative pressure provided by the exhaust system, the air outlet area is under negative pressure. The wind deflector is attracted and tightly adheres to the adjacent partitions, completely blocking the ventilation holes in the area traversed by the pusher. Furthermore, when the pusher moves backward, the spring-loaded mechanism rotates the vertical shaft to rewind the wind deflector. This effectively prevents hot, dry air from escaping from the back of the pusher, ensuring that all airflow passes laterally through the grain area via the front of the pusher, guaranteeing sufficient contact between the hot air and the grain, improving thermal efficiency, and preventing energy waste.

[0014] A reinforcing rib is provided below the inclined plate, a lifting plate is provided on the outer side of the travel window, and two first guide strips are fixed on the outer wall of the drying chamber. The two sides of the lifting plate are slidably connected to the first guide strips respectively. A through slot is opened on the lifting plate, and the inclined plate slides through the through slot. A first lifting rod is provided on the outer side of the drying chamber, and the outer sides of several lifting plates are fixedly connected to the first lifting rod. Two vertical electric actuators are provided on the side wall of the drying chamber, and the ends of the two vertical electric actuators are respectively connected to the two ends of the first lifting rod. An infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver matching the infrared transmitter are respectively installed at the lower ends of one of the inclined plates.

[0015] With the above setup, during the drying process, the grains will press downwards against the inclined plate, and the reinforcing ribs can improve the strength of the inclined plate. In addition, during the movement of the push plate, the inclined plate will synchronously drive the lifting plate to move up and down. On the one hand, this can ensure the tilt angle of the inclined plate and prevent the grain from accumulating dead zones due to the tilt angle being too small. On the other hand, the lifting plate can block the upper part of the travel window to prevent grain from leaking out from there. Furthermore, the bending condition of the inclined plate can be judged by the signal reception of the infrared transmitter and infrared receiver. When the inclined plate is subjected to greater pressure and bends, the signal of the infrared transmitter and infrared receiver is interrupted. At this time, the first lifting rod can be raised upwards by the vertical electric push rod until the signal of the infrared transmitter and infrared receiver is reconnected.

[0016] In actual use, the vertical electric actuator is linked with the first electric actuator. When the push plate moves, the vertical electric actuator drives the first lifting rod to rise and fall synchronously to maintain the preset tilt angle of the tilt plate. When the infrared receiver cannot receive the signal from the infrared transmitter, it indicates that the tilt plate has deformed. At this time, the vertical electric actuator finely adjusts the height of the first lifting rod until the signal is restored.

[0017] The lower ends of several of the lifting plates are fixed with connecting pieces, and the lower ends of the connecting pieces are connected with elastic rubber sheets. A second lifting rod is provided on the outside of the drying chamber. The lower ends of several elastic rubber sheets are fixed on the second lifting rod. Two lifting electric push rods are provided on the side wall of the drying chamber. The ends of the two lifting electric push rods are respectively connected to the two ends of the second lifting rod.

[0018] With the above configuration, the elastic rubber sheet is located outside the travel window. When there is negative pressure inside the drying chamber, it can adhere to and block the lower part of the travel window, preventing cold air from entering the air intake area. Moreover, when the lifting plate rises, the elastic rubber sheet can stretch and deform to maintain the cover on the lower part of the travel window. In addition, when it is necessary to allow outside air to enter for temperature control of the hot drying air, the second lifting rod can be moved upward by the lifting electric push rod to expose the bottom of the travel window, facilitating the entry of outside air. The rising distance of the second lifting rod determines the opening area of ​​the travel window, thereby realizing the adjustment of the amount of outside air entering.

[0019] The upper edge of the connecting piece matches the lower surface of the inclined plate, and the upper edge of the connecting piece is covered with a rubber strip. The rubber strip is attached to the lower surface of the inclined plate. The elastic rubber piece has strip grooves on both sides, and the strip grooves on both sides are distributed at intervals.

[0020] With the above configuration, the rubber strip can improve the air leakage between the connecting piece and the inclined plate. In addition, the strip grooves on both sides can provide more favorable deformation space for the stretching of the elastic rubber sheet, thus extending the service life of the elastic rubber sheet.

[0021] The lower sidewall of the air inlet hood has several equally spaced air inlet windows, and a baffle plate is slidably installed on the outer side of the lower sidewall of the air inlet hood. The baffle plate has several openings that match the air inlet windows. Two second guide strips are fixed to the lower sidewall of the air inlet hood, and the upper and lower sides of the baffle plate are slidably connected to the corresponding second guide strips. A connecting frame is fixed to the outer side of the baffle plate. An opening and closing electric push rod parallel to the second guide strips is fixed to the lower sidewall of the air inlet hood, and the end of the opening and closing electric push rod is fixed to the connecting frame.

[0022] With the above setup, outside air enters the air intake area through the travel window and mixes with hot, dry air to achieve cooling. However, when the tilting plate is in a lower position, the lower opening area of ​​the travel window is reduced or even completely closed, resulting in insufficient intake of outside air. Therefore, when supplemental air intake is needed, the baffle plate can be moved by opening and closing the electric actuator to adjust the overlap between the opening and the air intake window, allowing outside air to enter the air intake area through the air intake window. By controlling the opening size of the air intake window, the auxiliary air intake volume can be flexibly adjusted, effectively supplementing the main air intake channel.

[0023] The bottom side of the bucket elevator is connected to a feeding bucket, and the side of the feeding bucket has a feeding port that communicates with the inside of the bucket elevator. Third guide bars are respectively provided on both sides of the feeding port, and a material blocking plate is slidably provided between the two third guide bars. A straight plate is fixed above the material blocking plate, and several locking holes are provided on the straight plate. A positioning hole is provided on the side wall of the feeding bucket, and a positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole and one of the locking holes.

[0024] With the above setup, after removing the locating pin and moving the baffle plate to the open position, grain can be fed into the bucket elevator through the feed hopper. The bucket elevator then conveys the grain upwards to the tempering bin and drying bin, completing the feeding operation. After feeding is complete, moving the baffle plate down to its original position closes the feed inlet and prevents grain from splashing. Furthermore, the multiple locking holes allow for height adjustment of the baffle plate to change the feeding speed, thus ensuring a smooth feeding process.

[0025] The lower end of the hopper is connected to a three-way pipe. The bottom of the three-way pipe is provided with a discharge port, and the side is provided with a circulating discharge port. The circulating discharge port is connected to the bottom of the bucket elevator through a pipe. An adjusting plate is rotatably installed inside the three-way pipe, and a switching motor for driving the adjusting plate to rotate is installed outside the three-way pipe.

[0026] With the above setup, the adjusting plate can be rotated by switching the motor. When the adjusting plate rotates to above the discharge port, the grain can be kept entering the bucket elevator from the circulating discharge port to achieve grain circulation. When the adjusting plate rotates to above the circulating discharge port, the grain can be discharged through the discharge port to complete the drying process.

[0027] The feeding mechanism includes several side-diversion guide plates fixed at the lower end of the air inlet area, and several guide plates inclined towards the side-diversion guide plates at corresponding positions fixed below the grain area. A feeding roller is provided between each guide plate and the side-diversion guide plate at the corresponding position. Several feeding grooves are opened on the feeding roller, and both ends of the feeding roller pass through the side wall of the drying chamber and are rotatably connected to the side wall of the drying chamber. Adjacent feeding rollers are connected by a sprocket and chain pair transmission. A feeding motor is installed on the outside of the drying chamber to drive one of the feeding rollers to rotate.

[0028] With the above setup, a feeding motor drives one feeding roller to rotate, and the power is transmitted to all feeding rollers through several sprocket and chain pairs to achieve synchronous rotation. When grain in the grain zone is blocked by the feeding roller, some grain enters the feeding trough on the feeding roller and falls into the collection hopper as the feeding roller rotates. The faster the feeding roller rotates, the faster the grain falls. Therefore, the feeding speed can be controlled by the feeding motor to achieve flexible adjustment of the discharge rate.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The push plate, tilting plate, and cross plate are moved synchronously by the first and second electric push rods, changing the width of the grain zone and thus adjusting the width ratio of the drying chamber and tempering chamber. This allows for online adjustment of the drying time to tempering time ratio. When the grain moisture content is high, the drying ratio is increased to improve efficiency; when the moisture content is low, the tempering ratio is increased to reduce the breakage rate. This makes the equipment compatible with the drying needs of grains with different moisture contents, balancing processing speed and finished product quality. A baffle curtain is installed on the side of the push plate near the air outlet area. Under the negative pressure of the exhaust equipment, the baffle curtain is attracted and tightly adhered to the baffle, completely blocking the ventilation holes in the area through which the push plate passes. This structure effectively prevents hot, dry air from passing through the back of the push plate, ensuring that all airflow passes laterally through the grain area at the front of the push plate, avoiding hot air short-circuiting and improving thermal energy utilization efficiency. The tilting plate slides through the slot on the lifting plate and moves up and down synchronously with the push plate. This maintains the appropriate angle of the tilting plate to prevent grain accumulation dead zones and also seals the upper part of the travel window through the lifting plate to prevent grain leakage. At the same time, the infrared transmitter and receiver can monitor the bending and deformation of the tilting plate and automatically raise and adjust it in conjunction with the vertical electric push rod to prevent the tilting plate from jamming due to excessive force. An elastic rubber sheet is located on the outside of the travel window. When there is negative pressure inside the chamber, it can fit and block the lower part of the travel window to prevent cold air from entering and interfering with the drying process. When it is necessary to introduce outside air to regulate the hot air temperature, the lifting electric actuator can raise the second lifting rod to expose the bottom of the travel window, and the air intake volume can be adjusted by controlling the opening area. Together with the air intake window and wind deflector structure on the lower side of the air intake hood, it realizes the complementary main and auxiliary dual-channel air intake. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the other side of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the drying chamber in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the drying chamber in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding roller in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the drying chamber in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drying chamber sidewall connecting component in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the grain region in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the windbreak curtain in this invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 8 A magnified structural diagram at point A in the diagram; Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the elastic rubber sheet in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the air inlet shroud in this invention; Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the three-way pipe in this invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism in this invention; Figure 16This is a schematic diagram of the other side of the feeding mechanism in this invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Tempering bin; 2. Drying bin; 3. Collecting hopper; 4. Bucket elevator; 5. Air inlet hood; 6. Exhaust system; 7. Partition plate; 8. Push plate; 9. Inclined plate; 10. Horizontal plate; 11. Second slide bar; 12. Ventilation hole; 13. First slide bar; 14. First electric actuator; 15. First horizontal bar; 16. Second electric actuator; 17. Second horizontal bar; 18. Dispersing rod; 19. Triangular guide plate; 20. Air outlet; 21. Air inlet; 22. Vertical rotating shaft; 23. Spring; 24. Windproof curtain; 25. Connecting strip; 26. Reinforcing rib; 27. First guide clamp; 28. Lifting plate; 29. ​​Through slot; 30. First lifting rod; 31. Vertical electric actuator 32. Infrared transmitter; 33. Infrared receiver; 34. Connecting piece; 35. Elastic rubber sheet; 36. Second lifting rod; 37. Lifting electric push rod; 38. Strip groove; 39. Air inlet window; 40. Second guide clamp; 41. Wind baffle; 42. Opening; 43. Connecting frame; 44. Opening and closing electric push rod; 45. Feed hopper; 46. Third guide clamp; 47. Material blocking plate; 48. Straight plate; 49. Positioning pin; 50. T-pipe; 51. Discharge port; 52. Circulating discharge port; 53. Adjusting plate; 54. Switching motor; 55. Two-sided diversion guide plates; 56. Guide plate; 57. Discharge roller; 58. Discharge trough; 59. Sprocket and chain pair; 60. Discharge motor. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figures 1-16As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path, comprising a tempering chamber 1, a drying chamber 2, and a collection hopper 3 arranged sequentially and connected vertically. A feeding mechanism is provided between the drying chamber 2 and the collection hopper 3. A bucket elevator 4 is provided on the side of the tempering chamber 1, the drying chamber 2, and the collection hopper 3. The upper end of the bucket elevator 4 is connected to the upper end of the tempering chamber 1, and the lower end is connected to the lower end of the collection hopper 3 to realize the circulation of grain. An air inlet hood 5 is connected to the front of the drying chamber 2, and an exhaust device 6 is connected to the back. Several partitions 7 are fixed inside the drying chamber 2, dividing the internal space of the drying chamber 2 into several air inlet areas, air outlet areas, and grain areas. Ventilation holes 12 are provided on the partitions 7. A pusher plate 8 is provided in the grain area. An inclined plate 9 is provided at the upper end of the pusher plate 8, and a horizontal plate 10 is provided at the lower end. A travel window is provided on the side wall. The upper end of the inclined plate 9 extends through the travel window to the outside of the drying chamber 2. The end of the horizontal plate 10 away from the push plate 8 can slide through the side wall of the drying chamber 2. A first slide rod 13 is connected to the lower part of the inclined plate 9, and a second slide rod 11 is connected to the upper part of the horizontal plate 10. Both the first slide rod 13 and the second slide rod 11 are perpendicular to the side wall of the drying chamber 2 and are slidably connected to the side wall of the drying chamber 2. Two symmetrically distributed first electric push rods 14 are fixed on the outer walls of both sides of the drying chamber 2. The ends of the two first electric push rods 14 are fixed to the first crossbar 15, and the ends of several first slide rods 13 are all connected to the first crossbar 15. Two symmetrically distributed second electric push rods 16 are fixed on the outer walls of both sides of the drying chamber 2. The ends of the two second electric push rods 16 are fixed to the second crossbar 17, and the ends of several second slide rods 11 are all connected to the second crossbar 17.

[0034] It should be noted that during use, the grains are placed into the drying chamber 2 and the tempering chamber 1. The descent speed of the grains is controlled by the feeding mechanism, and the grains are lifted by the bucket elevator 4 to achieve grain circulation. In addition, hot drying air is introduced through the air inlet hood 5, passes through the drying chamber 2, and is extracted by the exhaust device 6. The drying effect is achieved through the contact between the hot drying air and the grains.

[0035] During the drying process, the positions of the push plate 8, the inclined plate 9, and the horizontal plate 10 can be controlled by the two first electric push rods 14 and the two second electric push rods 16. When the first electric push rods 14 and the two second electric push rods 16 retract synchronously, the push plate 8, the inclined plate 9, and the horizontal plate 10 will encroach on the space of the grain area, reducing the width of the grain area. This reduces the width ratio of the drying chamber 2 to the tempering chamber 1, and decreases the time ratio of drying time to tempering time during grain drying. This is suitable for use in the later stage of drying when the grain moisture content is low, ensuring the drying effect and reducing the grain breakage rate. Conversely, when the first electric push rods 14 and the two second electric push rods 16 extend synchronously, the push plate 8, the inclined plate 9, and the horizontal plate 10 will reduce the space encroachment on the grain area, increasing the width of the grain area. This increases the width ratio of the drying chamber 2 to the tempering chamber 1, and increases the time ratio of drying time to tempering time during grain drying. This is suitable for use in the early stage of drying when the grain moisture content is high, improving drying efficiency.

[0036] Furthermore, by adjusting the grain path during the drying process, the ratio of drying to tempering time can be flexibly adjusted, thus balancing drying efficiency and drying quality.

[0037] Several partitions 7 are distributed in parallel inside the drying chamber 2, and the grain area, air inlet area and air outlet area are staggered. One side of the grain area is the air inlet area and the other side is the air outlet area. Several air outlets 20 connected to the air outlet area are opened on the back of the drying chamber 2, and several air inlets 21 connected to the air inlet area are opened on the front side of the drying chamber 2. The air inlets 21 are all located inside the air inlet hood 5, and the air outlets 20 are all connected to the exhaust equipment 6. A rhomboid-shaped dispersion rod 18 is set above the grain area, and triangular guide plates 19 are fixed above the air outlet area and the air inlet area.

[0038] It is important to note that in the tempering chamber 1, the grain is guided into the drying zone by the triangular guide plate 19. The dispersing rod 18 installed above the grain zone effectively prevents material from bridging and clogging, ensuring smooth flow. During the drying process, hot drying air enters the inlet zone through the air inlet 21. Since the back of this zone is a closed structure, the airflow is forced through the ventilation hole 12 between the inlet zone and the grain zone, passing laterally through the entire grain layer. Subsequently, the airflow enters the outlet zone through the ventilation hole 12 on the other side of the grain zone and is finally discharged through the exhaust device 6 through the outlet 20. This lateral flow design increases the contact area between the hot air and the grain, ensuring a uniform heat exchange effect. The airflow power is entirely provided by the negative pressure suction of the exhaust device 6, achieving stable and controllable drying operations.

[0039] A vertical rotating shaft 22 is installed in the grain area. The vertical rotating shaft 22 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the drying chamber 2 through two bearing seats. A spring 23 is installed at one end of the vertical rotating shaft 22. A windproof curtain 24 is wound up on the vertical rotating shaft 22. A connecting strip 25 is provided on the side of the push plate 8 near the air outlet area. The free end of the windproof curtain 24 is fixedly connected to the connecting strip 25. The width of the windproof curtain 24 is greater than the longitudinal distribution width of the ventilation holes 12.

[0040] It is important to note that under the negative pressure provided by the exhaust device 6, the air outlet area is under negative pressure. The wind deflector 24 is attracted and tightly adhered to the adjacent partition 7, thus completely blocking the ventilation holes 12 in the area traversed by the pusher 8. Furthermore, when the pusher 8 moves backward, the spring 23 drives the vertical shaft 22 to rotate and rewind the wind deflector 24. This effectively prevents hot, dry air from passing through the back of the pusher 8, ensuring that all airflow passes laterally through the grain area via the front end of the pusher 8, guaranteeing sufficient contact between the hot air and the grain, improving thermal efficiency, and avoiding energy waste.

[0041] A reinforcing rib 26 is provided below the inclined plate 9, a lifting plate 28 is provided on the outside of the travel window, and two first guide strips 27 are fixed on the outer wall of the drying chamber 2. The two sides of the lifting plate 28 are slidably connected to the first guide strips 27 respectively. A through slot 29 is provided on the lifting plate 28, and the inclined plate 9 slides through the through slot 29. A first lifting rod 30 is provided on the outside of the drying chamber 2, and the outer sides of several lifting plates 28 are fixedly connected to the first lifting rod 30. Two vertical electric push rods 31 are provided on the side wall of the drying chamber 2, and the ends of the two vertical electric push rods 31 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first lifting rod 30. An infrared transmitter 32 and an infrared receiver 33 matching the infrared transmitter 32 are respectively installed at the lower ends of one of the inclined plates 9.

[0042] It is important to note that during the drying process, the grains will press downwards against the inclined plate 9. The reinforcing ribs 26 can improve the strength of the inclined plate 9. In addition, during the movement of the push plate 8, the inclined plate 9 will simultaneously drive the lifting plate 28 to move up and down. On the one hand, this can ensure the tilt angle of the inclined plate 9 and prevent the grain from accumulating dead zones due to the tilt angle of the inclined plate 9 being too small. On the other hand, the lifting plate 28 can block the upper part of the travel window to prevent the grain from leaking out from there. Furthermore, the bending condition of the inclined plate 9 can be determined by the signal reception of the infrared transmitter 32 and the infrared receiver 33. When the inclined plate 9 is subjected to greater pressure and bends, the signal of the infrared transmitter 32 and the infrared receiver 33 is interrupted. At this time, the first lifting rod 30 can be raised upwards by the vertical electric push rod 31 until the signal of the infrared transmitter 32 and the infrared receiver 33 is reconnected.

[0043] In actual use, the vertical electric actuator 31 is linked with the first electric actuator 14. When the push plate 8 moves, the vertical electric actuator 31 drives the first lifting rod 30 to rise and fall synchronously to maintain the preset tilt angle of the tilt plate 9. When the infrared receiver 33 cannot receive the signal from the infrared transmitter 32, it indicates that the tilt plate 9 has deformed. At this time, the vertical electric actuator 31 finely adjusts the height of the first lifting rod 30 until the signal is restored.

[0044] A connecting piece 34 is fixed to the lower end of several lifting plates 28, and an elastic rubber sheet 35 is connected to the lower end of the connecting piece 34. A second lifting rod 36 is provided on the outside of the drying chamber 2. The lower ends of several elastic rubber sheets 35 are fixed on the second lifting rod 36. Two lifting electric push rods 37 are provided on the side wall of the drying chamber 2. The ends of the two lifting electric push rods 37 are respectively connected to the two ends of the second lifting rod 36.

[0045] It should be noted that the elastic rubber sheet 35 is located on the outside of the travel window. When there is negative pressure inside the drying chamber 2, it can adhere to and block the lower part of the travel window to prevent cold air from entering the air intake area. Moreover, when the lifting plate 28 rises, the elastic rubber sheet 35 can stretch and deform to maintain the cover on the lower part of the travel window. In addition, when it is necessary to allow outside air to enter for temperature control of the hot drying air, the second lifting rod 36 can be moved upward by the lifting electric push rod 37 to expose the bottom of the travel window, facilitating the entry of outside air. The rising distance of the second lifting rod 36 determines the opening area of ​​the travel window, thereby realizing the adjustment of the amount of outside air entering.

[0046] The upper edge of the connecting piece 34 matches the lower surface of the inclined plate 9, and the upper edge of the connecting piece 34 is covered with a rubber strip. The rubber strip is in contact with the lower surface of the inclined plate 9. The elastic rubber sheet 35 has strip grooves 38 on both sides, and the strip grooves 38 on both sides are spaced apart.

[0047] It should be noted that the rubber strip can improve the air leakage between the connecting piece 34 and the inclined plate 9. In addition, the strip grooves 38 on both sides can provide more favorable deformation space for the stretching of the elastic rubber sheet 35, thus extending the service life of the elastic rubber sheet 35.

[0048] The lower sidewall of the air inlet hood 5 has several equally spaced air inlet windows 39, and a baffle plate 41 is slidably installed on the outer side of the lower sidewall of the air inlet hood 5. The baffle plate 41 has several openings 42 that match the air inlet windows 39. Two second guide strips 40 are fixed to the lower sidewall of the air inlet hood 5, and the upper and lower sides of the baffle plate 41 are slidably connected to the corresponding second guide strips 40. A connecting frame 43 is fixed to the outer side of the baffle plate 41. An opening and closing electric push rod 44 parallel to the second guide strips 40 is fixed to the lower sidewall of the air inlet hood 5. The end of the opening and closing electric push rod 44 is fixed to the connecting frame 43.

[0049] It is important to note that outside air can enter the air intake area through the travel window and mix with hot, dry air to achieve cooling. However, when the tilt plate 9 is in a lower position, the lower opening area of ​​the travel window is reduced or even completely closed, resulting in insufficient intake of outside air. Therefore, when supplemental air intake is needed, the baffle plate 41 can be moved by opening and closing the electric actuator 44 to adjust the overlap between the opening 42 and the air intake window 39, allowing outside air to enter the air intake area through the air intake window 39. By controlling the opening size of the air intake window 39, the auxiliary air intake volume can be flexibly adjusted, effectively supplementing the main air intake channel.

[0050] The bottom side of the bucket elevator 4 is connected to a feed bucket 45, and the side of the feed bucket 45 is provided with a feed inlet that communicates with the inside of the bucket elevator 4. The two sides of the feed inlet are respectively provided with third guide bars 46, and a material blocking plate 47 is slidably arranged between the two third guide bars 46. A straight plate 48 is fixed above the material blocking plate 47, and several locking holes are provided on the straight plate 48. A positioning hole is provided on the side wall of the feed bucket 45, and a positioning pin 49 is inserted into the positioning hole and one of the locking holes.

[0051] It should be noted that after pulling out the positioning pin 49 and moving the baffle plate 47 to the open position, grain can be fed into the bucket elevator 4 through the feed hopper 45. The bucket elevator 4 conveys the grain upwards to the tempering chamber 1 and the drying chamber 2, completing the feeding operation. After feeding is completed, moving the baffle plate 47 downwards to reset it will close the feed inlet and prevent grain from splashing. In addition, the multiple locking holes allow for height adjustment of the baffle plate 47 to change the feeding speed, thereby ensuring a smooth feeding process.

[0052] The lower end of the collecting hopper 3 is connected to a three-way pipe 50. The bottom of the three-way pipe 50 is provided with a discharge port 51, and the side is provided with a circulating discharge port 52. The circulating discharge port 52 is connected to the bottom of the bucket elevator 4 through a pipe. An adjusting plate 53 is rotatably provided inside the three-way pipe 50, and a switching motor 54 for driving the adjusting plate 53 to rotate is provided outside the three-way pipe 50.

[0053] It should be noted that by switching motor 54, the adjusting plate 53 can be rotated. When the adjusting plate 53 rotates above the discharge port 51, the grain can be kept entering the bucket elevator 4 from the circulating discharge port 52 to realize the circulation of grain. When the adjusting plate 53 rotates above the circulating discharge port 52, the grain can be discharged through the discharge port 51 to complete the drying.

[0054] The feeding mechanism includes several side diversion guide plates 55 fixed at the lower end of the air inlet area. Several guide plates 56 inclined towards the side diversion guide plates 55 at corresponding positions are fixed below the grain area. A feeding roller 57 is provided between each guide plate 56 and the side diversion guide plate 55 at the corresponding position. Several feeding grooves 58 are opened on the feeding roller 57. The two ends of the feeding roller 57 pass through the side wall of the drying chamber 2 and are rotatably connected to the side wall of the drying chamber 2. Adjacent feeding rollers 57 are connected by a sprocket and chain pair 59. A feeding motor 60 is installed on the outside of the drying chamber 2 to drive one of the feeding rollers 57 to rotate.

[0055] It should be noted that the feeding motor 60 drives one feeding roller 57 to rotate, and transmits power to all feeding rollers 57 through several sprocket and chain pairs 59 to achieve synchronous rotation. When the grain in the grain area is blocked by the feeding roller 57, some of the grain enters the feeding trough 58 on the feeding roller 57 and falls into the collection hopper 3 as the feeding roller 57 rotates. The faster the rotation speed of the feeding roller 57, the faster the grain falls. Therefore, the feeding speed can be controlled by the feeding motor 60 to achieve flexible adjustment of the discharge rate.

[0056] Working principle of this invention: During operation, grain enters the bucket elevator 4 through the feed hopper 45, is lifted to the top of the tempering chamber 1, and then flows sequentially through the tempering chamber 1 and the drying chamber 2 under gravity, finally falling into the collection hopper 3. The adjusting plate 53 at the lower end of the collection hopper 3, driven by the switching motor 54, guides the grain to the circulating discharge port 52, where it re-enters the bucket elevator 4, forming a continuous circulating drying loop. The discharge motor 60 drives the discharge roller 57 to rotate via the sprocket and chain pair 59. Guided by the guide plate 56 and the two side diversion guide plates 55, the grain enters the discharge trough 58 and falls into the collection hopper 3 as the discharge roller 57 rotates. The grain circulation speed can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the discharge roller 57.

[0057] Inside the drying chamber 2, hot air enters the air inlet area through the air inlet hood 5. Under the negative pressure of the exhaust fan 6, it passes laterally through the ventilation holes 12 on the partition 7, making full contact with the grains in the grain zone before entering the air outlet area and finally being discharged through the air outlet 20, thus achieving heat exchange. The push plate 8, the inclined plate 9, and the horizontal plate 10 move synchronously under the drive of the first electric push rod 14 and the second electric push rod 16. By changing the width of the grain zone, the ratio of drying time to tempering time is adjusted: the width is increased in the early stage to enhance drying, and the width is reduced in the later stage to improve the tempering effect and reduce the breakage rate. The baffle curtain 24 adheres to the partition 7 under negative pressure, blocking the ventilation holes behind the push plate 8 to ensure that all airflow passes through the grain layer.

[0058] The dispersing rod 18 in the tempering chamber 1 prevents material from bridging, and the triangular guide plate 19 guides the grains to enter the grain zone evenly. The tilt angle of the inclined plate 9 is maintained by the lifting plate 28 and the first lifting rod 30, and its deformation is monitored by the infrared transmitter 32 and the infrared receiver 33, and dynamically adjusted in conjunction with the vertical electric actuator 31. The elastic rubber sheet 35 blocks the lower part of the stroke window. When auxiliary air intake is required, the lifting electric actuator 37 raises the second lifting rod 36, and at the same time, the electric actuator 44 opens and closes to adjust the baffle plate 41, opening the air intake window 39 to supplement cold air. After drying is completed, the switching motor 54 rotates the adjusting plate 53, closes the circulating feed port 52 and opens the discharge port 51 to discharge the finished grains.

[0059] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended embodiments and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path, comprising a tempering chamber (1), a drying chamber (2), and a collection hopper (3) arranged sequentially and connected vertically, characterized in that: A feeding mechanism is provided between the drying chamber (2) and the collection hopper (3). Bucket elevators (4) are provided on the sides of the tempering chamber (1), the drying chamber (2) and the collection hopper (3). The upper end of the bucket elevator (4) is connected to the upper end of the tempering chamber (1) and the lower end is connected to the lower end of the collection hopper (3) to realize the path circulation of grain. An air inlet hood (5) is connected to the front side of the drying chamber (2) and an exhaust device (6) is connected to the back side. Several partitions (7) are fixed inside the drying chamber (2). The internal space of the drying chamber (2) is divided into several air inlet areas, air outlet areas and grain areas by the partitions (7). Ventilation holes (12) are opened on the partitions (7). A push plate (8) is provided in the grain area. An inclined plate (9) is provided at the upper end of the push plate (8) and a horizontal plate (10) is provided at the lower end. A travel window is opened on the side wall of the drying chamber (2). The upper end of the inclined plate (9) extends through the travel window to the drying chamber (2). On the outside, the end of the horizontal plate (10) away from the push plate (8) can slide through the side wall of the drying chamber (2). The lower part of the inclined plate (9) is connected to the first slide rod (13), and the upper part of the horizontal plate (10) is connected to the second slide rod (11). The first slide rod (13) and the second slide rod (11) are both perpendicular to the side wall of the drying chamber (2) and are slidably connected to the side wall of the drying chamber (2). Two symmetrically distributed first electric push rods (14) are fixed on the outer walls of both sides of the drying chamber (2). The ends of the two first electric push rods (14) are fixed to the first cross bar (15), and the ends of several first slide rods (13) are all connected to the first cross bar (15). Two symmetrically distributed second electric push rods (16) are fixed on the outer walls of both sides of the drying chamber (2). The ends of the two second electric push rods (16) are fixed to the second cross bar (17), and the ends of several second slide rods (11) are all connected to the second cross bar (17).

2. A grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying chamber (2) has several partitions (7) arranged in parallel, and the grain area, air inlet area and air outlet area are arranged in an alternating manner. One side of the grain area is the air inlet area and the other side is the air outlet area. The back of the drying chamber (2) is provided with several air outlets (20) that communicate with the air outlet area, and the front side of the drying chamber (2) is provided with several air inlets (21) that communicate with the air inlet area. The air inlets (21) are all located inside the air inlet hood (5), and the air outlets (20) are all connected to the exhaust device (6). A rhomboid-shaped dispersion rod (18) is provided above the grain area, and a triangular guide plate (19) is fixed above both the air outlet area and the air inlet area.

3. A grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A vertical rotating shaft (22) is provided in the grain area. The vertical rotating shaft (22) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the drying chamber (2) through two bearing seats. A spring spring (23) is installed at one end of the vertical rotating shaft (22). A windproof curtain (24) is wound up on the vertical rotating shaft (22). A connecting strip (25) is provided on the side of the push plate (8) near the air outlet area. The free end of the windproof curtain (24) is fixedly connected to the connecting strip (25). The width of the windproof curtain (24) is greater than the longitudinal distribution width of the ventilation holes (12).

4. A grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reinforcing rib (26) is provided below the inclined plate (9), a lifting plate (28) is provided on the outside of the travel window, and two first guide strips (27) are fixed on the outer wall of the drying chamber (2). The two sides of the lifting plate (28) are slidably connected to the first guide strips (27). A through slot (29) is provided on the lifting plate (28), and the inclined plate (9) slides through the through slot (29). A first lifting rod (30) is provided on the outside of the drying chamber (2). The outer sides of several lifting plates (28) are fixedly connected to the first lifting rod (30). Two vertical electric push rods (31) are provided on the side wall of the drying chamber (2). The ends of the two vertical electric push rods (31) are respectively connected to the two ends of the first lifting rod (30). An infrared transmitter (32) and an infrared receiver (33) matching the infrared transmitter (32) are respectively installed at the lower ends of one of the inclined plates (9).

5. A grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path according to claim 4, characterized in that: A connecting piece (34) is fixed to the lower end of several of the lifting plates (28), and an elastic rubber sheet (35) is connected to the lower end of the connecting piece (34). A second lifting rod (36) is provided on the outside of the drying chamber (2). The lower ends of several elastic rubber sheets (35) are fixed on the second lifting rod (36). Two lifting electric push rods (37) are provided on the side wall of the drying chamber (2). The ends of the two lifting electric push rods (37) are respectively connected to the two ends of the second lifting rod (36).

6. A grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper edge of the connecting piece (34) matches the lower surface of the inclined plate (9), and the upper edge of the connecting piece (34) is covered with a rubber strip. The rubber strip is attached to the lower surface of the inclined plate (9). The elastic rubber sheet (35) has strip grooves (38) on both sides, and the strip grooves (38) on both sides are distributed at intervals.

7. A grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower sidewall of the air inlet hood (5) is provided with several air inlet windows (39) distributed at equal intervals, and a baffle plate (41) is slidably provided on the outer side of the lower sidewall of the air inlet hood (5). The baffle plate (41) is provided with several openings (42) that match the air inlet windows (39). Two second guide strips (40) are fixed on the lower sidewall of the air inlet hood (5), and the upper and lower sides of the baffle plate (41) are slidably connected to the corresponding second guide strips (40). A connecting frame (43) is fixed on the outer side of the baffle plate (41). An opening and closing electric push rod (44) parallel to the second guide strips (40) is fixed on the lower sidewall of the air inlet hood (5). The end of the opening and closing electric push rod (44) is fixed to the connecting frame (43).

8. A grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom side of the bucket elevator (4) is connected to a feeding bucket (45), and the side of the feeding bucket (45) is provided with a feeding port that communicates with the inside of the bucket elevator (4). A third guide bar (46) is provided on both sides of the feeding port. A blocking plate (47) is slidably provided between the two third guide bars (46). A straight plate (48) is fixed above the blocking plate (47), and a number of locking holes are provided on the straight plate (48). A positioning hole is provided on the side wall of the feeding bucket (45), and a positioning pin (49) is inserted into the positioning hole and one of the locking holes.

9. A grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the hopper (3) is connected to a three-way pipe (50). The bottom of the three-way pipe (50) is provided with a discharge port (51) and the side is provided with a circulating discharge port (52). The circulating discharge port (52) is connected to the bottom of the bucket elevator (4) through a pipe. The three-way pipe (50) is provided with an adjusting plate (53) for rotation, and the three-way pipe (50) is provided with a switching motor (54) for driving the adjusting plate (53) to rotate.

10. A grain drying device with an adjustable circulation path according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism includes several side diversion guide plates (55) fixed at the lower end of the air inlet area. Several guide plates (56) inclined towards the side diversion guide plates (55) at corresponding positions are fixed below the grain area. A feeding roller (57) is provided between each guide plate (56) and the side diversion guide plate (55) at the corresponding position. Several feeding grooves (58) are opened on the feeding roller (57). The two ends of the feeding roller (57) pass through the side wall of the drying chamber (2) and are rotatably connected to the side wall of the drying chamber (2). Adjacent feeding rollers (57) are connected by a sprocket chain pair (59). A feeding motor (60) is installed on the outside of the drying chamber (2) to drive one of the feeding rollers (57) to rotate.

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