Turbulent heat exchange tube and heat exchanger

Abstract

The application provides a kind of turbulence heat exchange tube and heat exchanger. The turbulence heat exchange tube includes a tube body and a plurality of turbulence components arranged in the tube body. Along the extension direction of the tube body, the plurality of turbulence components are arranged in the tube body in sequence; the turbulence component includes a spiral turbulence member and a support, the support is arranged on the tube wall of the tube body, the spiral turbulence member is rotatably arranged on the support, the spiral turbulence member is arranged along the extension direction of the tube body, and the outer edge of the spiral turbulence member is arranged at a distance from the inner wall of the tube body. The turbulence heat exchange tube provided by the application can effectively disturb the flow boundary layer when the fluid flows through the tube, enhance fluid mixing and heat exchange, while avoiding excessive frictional resistance caused by the fixed turbulence component continuously close to the tube wall, thereby strengthening the heat exchange in the tube while considering lower pressure drop and better operation economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of heat exchange technology, and in particular to a turbulent heat exchange tube and heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] Heat exchange tubes are typically the heat exchange units in a heat exchanger, enabling heat exchange between media to achieve the purpose of heat exchange.

[0003] In related technologies, heat exchange tubes are equipped with turbulence-inducing elements. These elements disturb the fluid through physical collisions or shape resistance, thereby enhancing turbulent mixing and heat transfer efficiency. However, this turbulence-inducing component increases the flow resistance of the heat exchange medium, leading to increased pressure drop and pumping energy consumption.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve both enhanced heat exchange within the tube and low flow resistance has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a turbulence heat exchange tube and heat exchanger that reduces the flow resistance of the heat exchange medium while enhancing heat exchange within the tube.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a turbulence-induced heat exchange tube, comprising:

[0007] tube body;

[0008] Multiple sets of flow-disrupting components are arranged sequentially inside the pipe body along the extension direction of the pipe body. The flow-disrupting components include a spiral flow-disrupting element and a support element. The support element is located on the pipe wall of the pipe body, and the spiral flow-disrupting element is rotatably located on the support element. The spiral flow-disrupting element is arranged along the extension direction of the pipe body, and the outer edge of the spiral flow-disrupting element is spaced apart from the inner wall of the pipe body.

[0009] The two adjacent sets of aerodynamic components can be detachably connected.

[0010] In one possible embodiment, the support includes:

[0011] The support frame includes at least two elastic abutment portions that abut against the pipe wall of the pipe body;

[0012] The support shaft is rotatably mounted on the support frame and is coaxial with the pipe body; the spiral baffle is located on the outer periphery of the support shaft and extends spirally along the axial direction of the support shaft.

[0013] In one possible embodiment, the axial ends of the support shaft are respectively provided with a first connector and a second connector, and the first connector of one of two adjacent sets of turbulence components is detachably connected to the second connector of the other.

[0014] In one possible embodiment, the helix angle of the helical turbulence element gradually decreases along the flow direction of the heat exchange medium;

[0015] And / or, along the flow direction of the heat exchange medium, the vertical height of the outer edge of the spiral turbulence element relative to the outer surface of the support shaft gradually increases or decreases.

[0016] In one possible embodiment, the inner diameter of the tube is d, and the gap between the outer edge of the spiral baffle and the inner wall of the tube is 0.02d to 0.1d.

[0017] In one possible embodiment, the spiral deflector includes a front section and a rear section, the surface of the front section is provided with a hydrophobic layer, and the rear section is provided with a deflection structure, which includes a protrusion, a recess, or a stripe.

[0018] In one possible embodiment, the outer surface of the spiral spoiler is provided with a reinforced phase change coating, which is a porous sintered coating, a graphene coating, or a wettable coating.

[0019] In one possible embodiment, the helical directions of two adjacent helical spoilers are opposite.

[0020] In one possible embodiment, the helical spoiler is provided with multiple through holes.

[0021] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a heat exchanger including the aforementioned turbulent heat exchange tube.

[0022] The turbulence heat exchange tube and heat exchanger provided in this application embodiment, by sequentially arranging multiple sets of turbulence components along the extension direction within the tube body, and rotatably mounting the helical turbulence elements in each turbulence component on a support member, with the outer edges of the helical turbulence elements spaced apart from the inner wall of the tube body, can effectively turbulent the flow boundary layer when the fluid flows through the tube, enhancing fluid mixing and heat transfer. Simultaneously, it avoids excessive frictional resistance caused by fixed turbulence components continuously being close to the tube wall, thus enhancing heat transfer within the tube while also achieving low pressure drop and good operating economy. Furthermore, the detachable connection between adjacent sets of turbulence components allows for the combination, adjustment, or maintenance of the turbulence structure within the tube according to different flow states and heat transfer requirements, thereby improving the heat exchange tube's adaptability to varying operating conditions and its ease of use. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange tube provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange tube provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the heat exchange tube provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the heat exchange tube provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 2 .

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 100-tube body;

[0030] 200 - spoiler assembly; 210 - spiral spoiler; 220 - support member; 221 - support frame; 221a - elastic abutment part; 222 - support shaft; 222a - first connector; 222b - second connector.

[0031] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0033] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in a sequence other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0034] In this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0035] In related technologies, flow-turbulence-inducing components are fixedly installed inside heat exchange tubes to enhance mixing by disturbing the mainstream and near-wall fluids. These flow-turbulence-inducing components are fixed in position during operation, and the fluid can only flow around or scour their surfaces, thereby continuously disrupting the boundary layer and increasing the local heat transfer coefficient.

[0036] While enhancing heat transfer, the aforementioned turbulence-inducing components also occupy the flow channel cross-section for a long time and increase the tortuosity of the flow path, resulting in a simultaneous increase in body resistance and wall friction resistance, which in turn leads to an increase in pressure drop and pumping energy consumption.

[0037] Furthermore, the aforementioned flow-turbulence components are usually predetermined, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the heat transfer requirements under different operating conditions such as single-phase flow and phase-change flow. Once a component is damaged, scale forms, or parameters need adjustment, there is often a lack of easily replaceable structures, affecting equipment adaptability and operational economy.

[0038] This application provides a turbulence heat exchange tube, in which multiple sets of turbulence components are arranged sequentially along the extension direction inside the tube. Each turbulence component includes a support member disposed on the tube wall and a spiral turbulence member rotatably disposed on the support member. The outer edge of the spiral turbulence member is spaced apart from the inner wall of the tube. Adjacent sets of turbulence components are detachably connected, thereby taking into account heat exchange enhancement, flow adaptability and maintenance convenience.

[0039] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides a turbulence heat exchange tube, which includes a tube body 100 and multiple sets of turbulence components 200 disposed within the tube body 100.

[0041] The tube body 100 is the main component that contains the heat exchange medium and provides a flow channel. It forms a continuous tube space inside, allowing the medium to flow along the axial direction of the tube body 100 and exchange heat with the tube wall.

[0042] The turbulence-disrupting component 200 is a modular unit that locally disturbs the flow of the medium and enhances heat transfer. The turbulence-disrupting component 200 can change the fluid streamline and promote near-wall fluid renewal without occupying the entire flow channel cross-section.

[0043] Along the extension direction of the tube body 100, multiple sets of turbulence-disrupting components 200 are arranged sequentially inside the tube body 100. The multiple sets of turbulence-disrupting components 200 can be arranged sequentially from end to end along the axial direction and form a series relationship through detachable connection. This allows the entire heat exchange tube to be flexibly installed as a whole, partially replaced, or increased or decreased in number according to the length of the tube body 100, changes in operating conditions, or maintenance needs.

[0044] Each set of flow-disrupting components 200 includes a helical flow-disrupting element 210 and a support element 220. The support element 220 is disposed on the pipe wall of the pipe body 100, and the helical flow-disrupting element 210 is rotatably disposed on the support element 220. The helical flow-disrupting element 210 is arranged along the extension direction of the pipe body 100, and the outer edge of the helical flow-disrupting element 210 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the pipe body 100. That is to say, the helical flow-disrupting element 210 and the inner wall of the pipe body 100 maintain a non-contact fit to reserve a gap for the flow of the medium. In this way, the medium can form a swirling flow, secondary flow, or local turbulent flow field when passing through the pipe body 100, while maintaining the non-contact fit between the helical flow-disrupting element 210 and the inner wall of the pipe body 100.

[0045] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the support member 220 supports and positions the spiral deflector 210. Exemplarily, the support member 220 has a spoke-shaped or ring-shaped structure, one end of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tube body 100, and the other end has an assembly part for cooperating with the end shaft of the spiral deflector 210, thereby providing the spiral deflector 210 with rotational support, limiting reference and force support.

[0046] The spiral turbulence-disrupting component 210 is a spiral-shaped fluid disturbance component. During operation, the spiral turbulence-disrupting component 210 rotates relative to the support component 220 under the impact of the fluid. With the help of its spiral surface, the medium is forced to be given a rotational or lateral component while advancing axially, thereby inducing swirling flow and secondary flow in the main flow, effectively weakening and destroying the thermal boundary layer near the wall and promoting heat exchange.

[0047] Compared to the fixed turbulence-disrupting components in related technologies, this application sets the spiral turbulence-disrupting component 210 as a rotatable structure that is spaced apart from the pipe wall. This significantly reduces the blockage rate of the flow channel section while maintaining the turbulence-disrupting capability, thereby reducing the body resistance and wall friction resistance.

[0048] For example, the helical baffle 210 can be made of corrosion-resistant metal, metal-based composite material, or alloy material with a surface coating of corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant coating, such as 316L stainless steel or titanium alloy. The geometric parameters of the helical baffle 210 include, but are not limited to, pitch, blade width, blade thickness, and helix angle, which can be set according to the optimal balance between heat transfer intensity and pressure loss. Accordingly, a predetermined gap is reserved between the outer edge dimension of the helical baffle 210 and the inner diameter of the tube body 100 to ensure low-resistance flow in a non-contact state.

[0049] Furthermore, in this embodiment, adjacent sets of aerodynamic components 200 can be detachably connected by means of threaded connection, snap-fit ​​connection, or flange connection, so that adjacent sets of aerodynamic components 200 can form an axial series connection relationship by means of a separable connection. Of course, adjacent sets of aerodynamic components 200 may or may not be connected.

[0050] Conventional pipe fittings and detachable fixing devices, such as end caps or clamps, can be installed at both ends of the pipe body 100 to axially limit the internal turbulence support.

[0051] During operation, the fluid inside the pipe 100 enters along the axial direction and passes through multiple sets of turbulence components 200 in sequence.

[0052] First, the medium impacts the helical turbulence-inducing component 210, driving it to rotate. Guided by the helical surface, the medium generates continuous rotating flow and local secondary flow. Subsequently, the medium flows into the short-path channel between two adjacent sets of turbulence-inducing components 200, where the streamlines are reconstructed and restored. Immediately afterwards, the medium enters the next set of turbulence-inducing components 200 and is again subjected to helical disturbance.

[0053] Therefore, under the disturbance effect of the turbulence component 200, the near-wall fluid layer is continuously renewed, and the mixing degree of the medium inside the tube is significantly enhanced, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange tube. At the same time, since the spiral turbulence component 210 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the tube body 100 and can rotate with the fluid, it avoids the fluid from violently scouring fixed obstacles, effectively controls the rise in pressure drop, and reduces pumping energy consumption.

[0054] Therefore, this application, through the rotatable helical flow disturbance 210, the arrangement of the helical flow disturbance 210 and the pipe wall being spaced apart, and the detachable connection of adjacent flow disturbance components 200, can form a continuous and adaptable flow field disturbance within the pipe body 100, so that boundary layer renewal, fluid mixing and near-wall heat transfer in the heat exchange process can be realized simultaneously, thereby taking into account heat exchange enhancement, flow resistance control and operation and maintenance convenience.

[0055] In one possible embodiment, the support 220 includes a support frame 221 and a support shaft 222.

[0056] The support frame 221 includes at least two elastic abutment portions 221a, which abut against the wall of the tube body 100.

[0057] The support frame 221 can form elastic contact with the pipe wall of the pipe body 100 through at least two elastic abutment parts 221a, so that the support frame 221 can be stably held in a predetermined position by its own elastic restoring force after assembly.

[0058] When in operation, the support frame 221 serves two purposes: firstly, to limit the radial displacement of the turbulence component 200 relative to the tube body 100; and secondly, to provide a mounting and support base for the support shaft 222, thereby ensuring that the spiral turbulence component 210 can maintain a consistent arrangement with the tube shaft within the tube body 100 and achieve smooth rotation.

[0059] For example, the support frame 221 can be a frame-type component. For instance, the support frame 221 can be configured as a cross-shaped, star-shaped, or ring-spoke frame structure. At least two elastic abutment portions 221a can be radially outward-extending spring pieces, arc-shaped spring arms, or elastic wing pieces. The outer ends of the elastic abutment portions 221a contact the pipe wall of the tube body 100 and form a slight interference or pre-tight fit so that after assembly in the tube body 100, the tube diameter tolerance can be adapted to by elastic deformation and the contact can be kept stable.

[0060] The support shaft 222 is rotatably mounted on the support frame 221, and the support shaft 222 is coaxially arranged with the pipe body 100. The spiral baffle 210 is disposed on the outer periphery of the support shaft 222, and the spiral baffle 210 extends spirally along the axial direction of the support shaft 222.

[0061] The support shaft 222 is used to support the spiral turbulence member 210 and transmit the driving force generated by the external fluid to the spiral turbulence member 210, so that the spiral turbulence member 210 rotates relative to the fluid under the action of the fluid.

[0062] The support shaft 222 can be a solid shaft, a hollow shaft, or a segmented shaft, and it can be rotated with the support frame 221 by means of shaft hole fit, bearing fit, sliding bushing fit, or low friction bushing fit.

[0063] The spiral deflector 210 can be in the form of a ribbon-shaped spiral blade, a spiral strip, or a spiral vane, and can be fixed to the keyway, slot, or welding seat on the outer periphery of the support shaft 222.

[0064] In this embodiment, the support frame 221 provides radial pre-tightening and positioning by abutting the pipe wall with at least two elastic abutment portions 221a, which restricts the displacement of the turbulence component 200 under fluid pulsation or assembly vibration, so that the support shaft 222 is always in a relatively stable coaxial state, thereby ensuring that the spiral turbulence component 210 and the pipe wall maintain a predetermined gap and maintain low friction operation.

[0065] In one possible embodiment, the support shaft 222 is provided with a first connector 222a and a second connector 222b at its two axial ends, and the first connector 222a of one of the two adjacent sets of turbulence assemblies 200 is detachably connected to the second connector 222b of the other.

[0066] The first connector 222a and the second connector 222b constitute an end connection structure located at both ends of the support shaft 222. The first connector 222a is used to cooperate with one end of an adjacent turbulence component 200, and the second connector 222b is used to cooperate with the other end of another adjacent turbulence component 200. Together, they realize the series assembly of multiple turbulence components 200 along the axial direction of the tube body 100.

[0067] The first connector 222a and the second connector 222b are respectively disposed at the two axial ends of the support shaft 222. During assembly, they are located between the ends of two adjacent sets of turbulence components 200, forming an end-to-end mating relationship.

[0068] The first connector 222a and the second connector 222b can be configured as male and female head structure, external thread and internal thread structure, plug-in post and plug-in hole structure, or snap-fit ​​docking structure, respectively, to adapt to different assembly strength and disassembly frequency requirements.

[0069] The specific structure of the first connector 222a and the second connector 222b can be selected according to the assembly process. If a threaded connection is used, the ends of the support shafts 222 of the two adjacent sets of turbulence components 200 can be axially locked by screwing. If a plug-in connection is used, quick positioning can be achieved by inserting and fitting with elastic locking parts. If a quick-release pin or retaining ring structure is used, the disassembly and assembly time can be shortened while ensuring the connection strength.

[0070] Furthermore, to improve connection stability, positioning steps, guide chamfers, limiting grooves, or locking parts can be provided at the joint to enable automatic alignment and suppress axial movement during the connection process.

[0071] It is understood that in this embodiment, multiple flow-disrupting components 200 are arranged sequentially inside the tube body 100, and can be connected segment by segment through the first connector 222a and the second connector 222b at the end of the support shaft 222, so that adjacent components can maintain a stable series relationship in the axial direction.

[0072] When a section needs cleaning, maintenance, or replacement, the corresponding module can be separated from the tube body 100 simply by disconnecting the connection between the first connector 222a and the second connector 222b of another component, thus avoiding increased labor time and losses caused by overall disassembly. At the same time, when adjusting the turbulence density according to different flow rates or different heat exchange conditions, it can also be recombined by replacing the turbulence components 200 with different lengths or parameters, or by keeping the adjacent turbulence components 200 disconnected.

[0073] In one possible embodiment, the helical helix angle of the helical turbulence element 210 gradually decreases along the flow direction of the heat exchange medium.

[0074] The gradual decrease in the helical angle can refer to the fact that as the helical turbulence element 210 extends axially along the flow path of the heat exchange medium, the angle between the helical turbulence element 210 and the axis of the tube body 100 gradually transitions from a larger value to a smaller value, thereby causing the flow guiding capacity and rotational disturbance intensity of the helical structure to change continuously along the path.

[0075] The large helical helix angle at the inlet section of the helical baffle 210 can fully disturb the boundary layer and enhance radial mixing. At the same time, the gradually decreasing helical helix angle in subsequent sections reduces local resistance to flow and the degree of flow channel tortuosity, so as to suppress the excessively rapid rise in pressure drop while ensuring the heat transfer enhancement effect.

[0076] As the helix angle decreases along the flow direction, the fluid in the gap will be subject to different degrees of flow guidance and constraint at different axial positions, thus forming a differentiated heat transfer state along the flow path with strong disturbance at the front and weak disturbance at the back.

[0077] In this embodiment, the helical spoiler 210 can be implemented using a helical belt, helical blade, helical rib, or a strip-shaped winding structure.

[0078] The helix angle can be reduced linearly, segmentally, or curvilinearly. The difference between the helix angles of the front and rear sections can be set to a range of several to tens of degrees depending on the pipe diameter, medium flow rate, and pipe length. For example, the inlet end can be set with a larger helix angle to enhance the initial turbulence, while the outlet end can be set with a smaller helix angle to reduce the end resistance. Furthermore, the transitions between sections can be smooth to avoid additional eddy current losses caused by local abrupt changes.

[0079] In actual operation, as the fluid continues to move along the pipe, the helical angle of the spiral turbulence element 210 gradually decreases, the rotational guiding effect on the medium weakens accordingly, the tortuosity of the flow path decreases, and the fluid no longer continuously bears excessive flow resistance while maintaining a certain turbulence mixing capacity. Therefore, it can reduce the cumulative rate of pressure drop along the pipe in the later stage.

[0080] In one possible embodiment, the vertical height of the outer edge of the spiral turbulence member 210 relative to the outer surface of the support shaft 222 gradually increases or decreases along the flow direction of the heat exchange medium.

[0081] The vertical height is a geometric parameter used to characterize the radial protrusion of the outer edge of the helical spoiler 210 relative to the outer surface of the support shaft 222, which corresponds to the depth of intrusion of the helical spoiler 210 into the main channel in the radial direction of the support shaft 222.

[0082] The change in vertical height is an adjustment of the radial dimension relative to the outer surface of the support shaft 222. Therefore, when the outer edge height gradually increases, the penetration depth of the spiral turbulence element 210 into the fluid increases, the local blockage rate increases accordingly, and the fluid is subjected to stronger guidance and disturbance in the spiral channel. When the outer edge height gradually decreases, its occupancy of the flow channel decreases, and the flow resistance decreases accordingly.

[0083] Since this height change is set along the flow direction of the heat exchange medium, the front and rear sections can undertake heat exchange enhancement tasks of different intensities, thereby reducing unnecessary pressure drop growth while ensuring heat exchange effect.

[0084] During operation, when the heat exchange medium enters from one end of the heat exchange tube and flows axially, it is first affected by the height of the outer edge of the inlet section of the spiral turbulence tamper 210. The fluid generates initial rotation and diversion under small or large radial extension. Subsequently, as the vertical height of the outer edge relative to the outer surface of the support shaft 222 gradually increases or decreases, the local blockage, swirling intensity and wall shearing action experienced by the fluid also change accordingly, thus forming a turbulence intensity distribution that varies along the flow path.

[0085] If the outer edge height gradually increases, the medium will be subjected to stronger compression, deflection and mixing in the subsequent flow section, the near-wall boundary layer will be further destroyed, and the heat transfer coefficient can be enhanced in the later section; if the outer edge height gradually decreases, a strong disturbance will be formed in the front section first, and the flow resistance will be gradually released in the later section, which is conducive to reducing the total pressure drop and improving flow stability.

[0086] Therefore, through the shape and structure of the spiral turbulence-inducing element 210, this embodiment can ensure that the spiral turbulence-inducing element 210 continuously generates turbulence while gradient control of local flow resistance, so as to achieve a better balance between heat exchange enhancement and pumping energy consumption, thereby improving the adaptability of the heat exchange tube to different flow rates, different viscosities and possible phase change conditions.

[0087] In one possible embodiment, the inner diameter of the tube 100 is d, and the gap between the outer edge of the spiral baffle 210 and the inner wall of the tube 100 is 0.02d to 0.1d.

[0088] When the heat exchange medium flows axially along the tube body 100 and passes through the spiral baffle 210, the medium is forced to form flow around, shear flow and local backflow at the gap, thereby continuously destroying the boundary layer and enhancing radial mixing. At the same time, since the outer edge of the spiral baffle 210 does not directly rub against the tube wall, wear, jamming and additional resistance can be reduced.

[0089] Specifically, when the gap is smaller, the spiral turbulence deflector 210 provides stronger confinement to the fluid, making it suitable for applications with higher flow requirements and relatively lower flow rates. When the gap is larger, it provides a more adequate near-wall passage for the medium, which is more conducive to reducing flow resistance and adapting to applications with higher flow rates or limited pressure drop.

[0090] In this embodiment, the gap between the outer edge of the spiral turbulence-inducing element 210 and the inner wall of the tube body 100 is limited to 0.02d~0.1d. The spiral turbulence-inducing element 210 can maintain sufficient turbulence intensity and will not cause additional friction, wear or jamming due to direct contact between the outer edge and the tube wall. Therefore, it can maintain a relatively stable flow state and heat exchange performance under long-term operating conditions.

[0091] For example, the gap between the outer edge of the spiral spoiler 210 and the inner wall of the tube 100 is 0.02d, 0.04d, 0.06d, 0.08d, 0.1d, etc.

[0092] In one possible embodiment, the spiral deflector 210 includes a front section and a rear section. The surface of the front section is provided with a hydrophobic layer, and the rear section is provided with a deflection structure, which includes a protrusion, a recess, or a stripe.

[0093] In this embodiment, the front section is the front functional section of the spiral turbulence-disrupting element 210 arranged axially, and the rear section is the rear functional section connected in sequence to the front section and located downstream of it. The hydrophobic layer is a low surface energy coating that is attached to or formed on the outer surface of the front section, and the turbulence-disrupting structure is a local morphological structure set on the surface of the rear section, used to generate additional disturbance to the heat exchange medium flowing through this area.

[0094] For example, the length ratio of the front section to the rear section can be configured according to the properties of the heat exchange medium and the flow velocity in the tube. The front section and the rear section can be set to the same length, or they can be distributed in a way that is longer in the front and shorter in the rear or vice versa. For example, the length of the front section can account for 40% to 70% of the total length of the spiral turbulence member 210, and the length of the rear section can account for 30% to 60%.

[0095] By setting a hydrophobic layer on the front surface, the wetting state of the liquid in this area can be adjusted, making it difficult for the liquid film to spread on the surface for a long time and reducing the probability of adhesion and retention. This inhibits the deposition of dirt and the increase of local liquid resistance in liquid-containing or easily fouling conditions.

[0096] By setting up a turbulence structure in the rear section, after the initial flow guidance and wetting control are completed in the front section, the boundary layer can be further disrupted and the near-wall fluid can be locally redistributed to improve the fluid mixing intensity and heat transfer capacity.

[0097] Specifically, the front section can be a continuous spiral section, a semi-spiral section, or a perforated spiral section. The continuous spiral section can ensure that the fluid forms a continuous flow path on the surface of the front section. The semi-spiral section can reduce local resistance while retaining a certain flow guiding capacity. The perforated spiral section can improve local leakage and heat exchange contact conditions by means of through holes.

[0098] The hydrophobic layer can take the form of fluorinated coating, low surface energy coating or micro-nano composite hydrophobic film. Fluorinated coating is suitable for formation by spraying, dip coating or chemical deposition. Low surface energy coating can be composed of fluorinated polymer, silane modified layer or diamond-like low surface energy surface layer. Micro-nano composite hydrophobic film can be obtained by constructing micron-level rough structure on the front surface and superimposing nano-level hydrophobic treatment.

[0099] The turbulence structure on the rear section can be at least one of the following: a raised part, a recessed part, or a striped part. The raised part can be specifically manifested as a dot matrix boss, a rib, or a granular protrusion. The recessed part can be specifically manifested as a pit, a groove, or a blind hole. The striped part can be specifically manifested as circumferential stripes, axial stripes, or oblique patterns.

[0100] During operation, the heat exchange medium enters the area where the spiral turbulence element 210 is located along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube. It first comes into contact with the hydrophobic layer on the front surface. The hydrophobic layer reduces the degree of wetting and adhesion of the medium to the front surface, making it difficult for the liquid to form a stable stagnant liquid film in the front, thereby reducing local scaling and ineffective blockage.

[0101] As the medium passes through the front section, it is still guided by the spiral shape, resulting in rotation or lateral components. After entering the rear section, it is affected by local geometrical abrupt changes caused by protrusions, depressions, or stripes, resulting in secondary disturbances, reattachment, and separation. As a result, the near-wall fluid is constantly renewed, the boundary layer is repeatedly thinned or destroyed, and the heat transfer path is shortened.

[0102] Since the front section focuses on wetting state control and flow path management, while the rear section focuses on surface disturbance and mixing enhancement, the two work together continuously in the flow direction, so that the spiral turbulence element 210 can maintain good medium permeability and form a stronger local heat transfer enhancement effect in key areas.

[0103] In one possible embodiment, the outer surface of the spiral spoiler 210 is provided with a reinforced phase change coating, which is a porous sintered coating, a graphene coating, or a wettable coating.

[0104] The enhanced phase change coating is a surface functional layer on the outer surface of the spiral turbulence component 210. It can improve the interface wetting state, nucleation conditions and gas-liquid separation behavior during phase change heat transfer processes such as boiling, condensation or evaporation of the heat exchange medium, thereby enhancing local heat transfer.

[0105] The enhanced phase change coating enables the spiral turbulence-guiding component 210 to further promote liquid film spreading, bubble generation and detachment, and condensate reflux through surface microstructure and surface energy regulation, while maintaining the turbulence-guiding function, thereby enhancing the contact renewal efficiency between the phase change medium and the heat exchange surface.

[0106] The enhanced phase change coating is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the spiral baffle 210. It can be applied continuously along the entire spiral baffle 210 or only in areas near the heat source, the inlet, or areas with high heat flux density, so as to achieve local enhancement according to the actual working conditions.

[0107] Specifically, porous sintered coatings can be formed by sintering metal powder, metal fiber powder or metal ceramic powder, and have interconnected pores and a high specific surface area, which can provide a large number of nucleation sites and facilitate liquid backflow.

[0108] Graphene coatings can be graphene films, graphene nanosheet composite layers, or thermally conductive composite films, utilizing their excellent thermal conductivity and high surface activity to improve the uniform diffusion of heat on the surface.

[0109] The wetting coating can be a hydrophilic coating, a superhydrophilic coating, or a composite coating with gradient wetting properties, used to regulate liquid film spreading and condensate discharge.

[0110] During operation, after the heat exchange medium enters the tube 100, it first contacts the outer surface of the spiral turbulence-inducing element 210, which is equipped with a reinforced phase change coating. The porous structure, graphene thermal conductive layer, or wettable surface of the coating alters the phase change behavior of the near-wall fluid, allowing the liquid to spread more quickly and form a large number of stable nucleation points on the surface, or promoting the formation and rapid discharge of condensate film during condensation. As the medium flows along the tube, the spiral turbulence-inducing element 210 continues to generate swirling and secondary flow effects on the main flow, while the coating continuously enhances interfacial heat transfer at the microscopic level. The two work together to make the thermal boundary layer easier to thin, suppress local dry spots and overheated areas in a timely manner, and increase the frequency of bubble detachment and liquid renewal accordingly, thereby making the phase change heat transfer process more complete and stable.

[0111] In one possible embodiment, the spiral directions of two adjacent spiral baffles 210 are opposite. That is, two spiral baffles 210 arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the heat exchange tube are arranged with opposite spiral directions, one of the spiral baffles 210 can be configured as a left-hand spiral structure, and the other adjacent spiral baffle 210 can be configured as a right-hand spiral structure.

[0112] When two adjacent spiral turbulence elements 210 adopt opposite spiral directions, the rotating flow field formed by the first spiral turbulence element 210 will be disturbed in the opposite direction when it enters the second spiral turbulence element 210. The original stable vortex structure is broken up and the flow velocity and pressure gradient are redistributed, so that the fluid continuously undergoes direction conversion and velocity reconstruction in the pipe cross section, thereby improving the heat transfer intensity and suppressing the continuous deflection of the fluid along a single spiral direction.

[0113] In different implementations, left-hand and right-hand modules can have the same thickness, the same pitch, or the same outer diameter, or they can be matched and configured with different pitches, blade widths, or axial lengths according to flow conditions.

[0114] When the heat exchange medium flows inside the pipe, the fluid is first guided by a spiral turbulence element 210 in a spiral direction and forms a local swirling flow. Then, when it enters an adjacent spiral turbulence element 210 with the opposite spiral direction, the swirling flow direction is reversed and twisted. The streamlines continuously undergo deflection and shearing between adjacent components, and the low-velocity layer near the wall is repeatedly destroyed. The radial mixing and axial renewal capabilities are enhanced, thereby improving the heat transfer coefficient while avoiding the long-term stable development of unidirectional vortices, improving the uniformity of the flow field inside the pipe, and making the combination of adjacent modules easier to replace or reassemble according to the working conditions.

[0115] In one possible embodiment, the spiral spoiler 210 is provided with a plurality of through holes.

[0116] Multiple through holes refer to the through hole structure opened on the body of the spiral baffle 210. The holes extend along the thickness direction of the spiral baffle 210, and allow the heat exchange medium to flow along the axial direction of the spiral baffle 210, while some of the fluid passes through the holes to enter the flow field on the other side of the spiral baffle 210.

[0117] In this embodiment, multiple through holes are provided in the spiral baffle 210. After the heat exchange medium enters the tube body 100, it moves forward along the spiral flow channel formed by the spiral baffle 210. Under the action of pressure difference, part of the fluid passes through the body of the spiral baffle 210 through multiple through holes, while another part of the fluid continues to advance along the outer surface of the spiral baffle 210. The two re-merge at the outlet of the through hole and the downstream area, generating local shear, micro-scale vortex and mixing effects, thereby continuously weakening the thermal resistance of the near-wall layer and reducing the pressure loss caused by the large-area solid flow obstruction.

[0118] For gas-liquid two-phase operation, through holes can also promote bubble dispersion and liquid film renewal, improve the phase interface contact state, and make the boiling nucleus renewal and condensation film breaking more complete during the phase change heat transfer process, thereby improving the overall heat transfer stability and operating condition adaptability.

[0119] For example, the through holes can be round holes, elliptical holes, oblong holes, irregularly shaped holes, or gradually expanding holes. The through holes can be distributed along the axial, circumferential, or matrix pattern of the spiral flow deflector 210, and different hole densities can be set in different regions near and away from the inflow end to make the local resistance and the flow deflection intensity match and change along the flow direction.

[0120] Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that the arrangement of multiple through holes enables the spiral flow deflector 210 to have the functions of flow through, flow deflection and drag reduction. While maintaining the enhanced heat transfer capacity, it improves fluid flowability and operating economy, and helps to reduce the tendency of local fouling and maintenance burden in the structure.

[0121] In summary, the assembly process of the heat exchange tube in this embodiment is as follows:

[0122] First, the spiral spoiler 210 and the support 220 are assembled into an independent spoiler assembly 200, and the rotational flexibility of the spiral spoiler 210 is checked to ensure that it can rotate smoothly relative to the support 220.

[0123] Subsequently, based on the heat exchange requirements, flow-dispersing components 200 with corresponding parameters are selected and sequentially connected along the axial direction of the pipe body 100 via the connecting structure on the support member 220 to form a series of functional modules. To further enhance the medium mixing effect, the rotation direction of the spiral flow-dispersing elements 210 in adjacent flow-dispersing components 200 can be set to alternate during the series connection process.

[0124] Finally, the assembled 200 strings of turbulence-disrupting components are coaxially placed into the tube body 100, and the 200 strings of turbulence-disrupting components are axially positioned using the fixing devices at both ends of the tube body 100, thus completing the assembly of the heat exchange tube.

[0125] The working process of the heat exchange tube in this embodiment is as follows:

[0126] The heat exchange medium flowing through the tube 100 impacts the spiral turbulence-disrupting element 210 and drives it to rotate. The rotating spiral turbulence-disrupting element 210 dynamically disturbs the fluid boundary layer, generating a complex time-varying flow field and inducing swirling flow, thereby continuously enhancing the heat exchange efficiency.

[0127] In phase change heat transfer scenarios, the surface structure of the spiral baffle 210 can accelerate the detachment and sweeping process of bubbles. Combined with surface coatings or structural features, the interaction between the gas and liquid phases and the phase change heat transfer efficiency can be further enhanced.

[0128] Meanwhile, the continuous rotation of the spiral turbulence element 210 and the resulting strong radial flow create an all-round fluid flushing of the inner wall of the pipe body 100, effectively inhibiting dirt deposition and improving anti-scaling ability.

[0129] When operating conditions change or equipment maintenance is required, the fixing device at the end of the removable tube 100 can be used to extract the entire flow-dispersing assembly 200. Maintenance personnel can easily replace flow-dispersing assemblies 200 with specific helix angles, bandwidths, or surface structures, or individually replace and clean damaged or dirty individual flow-dispersing assemblies 200, achieving a high degree of adaptability to operating conditions and ease of maintenance.

[0130] Therefore, the heat exchange tube provided in this embodiment achieves dynamic and efficient disturbance of the flow field through the fluid-driven rotatable spiral turbulence-disrupting component 210, and its heat exchange intensity can be adaptively adjusted according to the medium flow rate. Multiple sets of detachably connected turbulence-disrupting components 200 enable the flow field and temperature field inside the tube to be matched and controlled to adapt to complex operating conditions, ensuring that the heat exchange tube maintains high efficiency, stability and economy during long-term operation.

[0131] On the other hand, embodiments of this application also provide a heat exchanger, including the heat exchange tubes provided above.

[0132] It is understood that since the heat exchanger provided in this application embodiment has the heat exchange tube in any of the above embodiments, the heat exchanger also has the beneficial effects of the heat exchange tube in any of the above embodiments.

[0133] Specifically, the heat exchanger can continuously disturb the fluid inside the tube by arranging multiple sets of turbulence components 200 in sequence along the extension direction inside the heat exchange tube, so that the fluid forms swirling or secondary flow during the flow process, thereby weakening the near-wall boundary layer and enhancing heat transfer inside the tube.

[0134] Since the spiral turbulence-inducing element 210 is rotatable and its outer edge is spaced apart from the inner wall of the tube body 100, the fluid can obtain turbulence enhancement while reducing the additional resistance caused by the fixed component occupying the flow channel for a long time, making it easier to balance heat exchange enhancement and pressure drop control.

[0135] The two adjacent sets of turbulence components 200 are detachably connected, which facilitates adjustment, replacement and maintenance according to different media, flow rates or phase change conditions. Therefore, it helps to improve the heat exchanger's adaptability to operating conditions, operating economy and long-term reliability.

[0136] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0137] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A turbulence-induced heat exchange tube, characterized in that, include: tube body(100); Multiple sets of flow-disrupting components (200) are arranged sequentially inside the pipe body (100) along the extension direction of the pipe body (100). Each flow-disrupting component (200) includes a spiral flow-disrupting element (210) and a support element (220). The support element (220) is disposed on the pipe wall of the pipe body (100), and the spiral flow-disrupting element (210) is rotatably disposed on the support element (220). The spiral flow-disrupting element (210) is arranged along the extension direction of the pipe body (100), and the outer edge of the spiral flow-disrupting element (210) is spaced apart from the inner wall of the pipe body (100). The two adjacent sets of the turbulence components (200) are detachably connected.

2. The turbulence heat exchanger tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support member (220) includes: The support frame (221) includes at least two elastic abutment portions (221a) that abut against the wall of the tube body (100); A support shaft (222) is rotatably mounted on the support frame (221), and the support shaft (222) is coaxially mounted with the tube body (100); a spiral baffle (210) is disposed on the outer periphery of the support shaft (222), and the spiral baffle (210) extends spirally along the axial direction of the support shaft (222).

3. The turbulence heat exchange tube according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support shaft (222) has a first connector (222a) and a second connector (222b) at its two axial ends respectively. The first connector (222a) of one of the two adjacent sets of the turbulence assemblies (200) is detachably connected to the second connector (222b) of the other.

4. The turbulence heat exchange tube according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the flow direction of the heat exchange medium, the helix angle of the spiral turbulence element (210) gradually decreases; And / or, along the flow direction of the heat exchange medium, the vertical height of the outer edge of the spiral turbulence element (210) relative to the outer surface of the support shaft (222) gradually increases or decreases.

5. The turbulence heat exchanger tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the tube (100) is d, and the gap between the outer edge of the spiral turbulence-inducing component (210) and the inner wall of the tube (100) is 0.02d~0.1d.

6. The turbulence heat exchanger tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral turbulence-disrupting component (210) includes a front section and a rear section. The surface of the front section is provided with a hydrophobic layer, and the rear section is provided with a turbulence-disrupting structure, which includes a protrusion, a depression, or a stripe.

7. The turbulence heat exchanger tube according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer surface of the spiral turbulence component (210) is provided with a reinforced phase change coating, which is a porous sintered coating, a graphene coating, or a wettable coating.

8. The turbulence heat exchanger tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral directions of two adjacent spiral spoilers (210) are opposite.

9. The turbulence heat exchanger tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral deflector (210) is provided with multiple through holes.

10. A heat exchanger, characterized in that, Includes the turbulence heat exchanger tube as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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