Method for detecting misfire failure, vehicle, electronic device, and medium

Abstract

The application discloses a misfire fault detection method, a vehicle, an electronic device and a medium, and relates to the technical field of vehicle control. The method comprises the following steps: determining the working mode of a power assembly in a vehicle; if the power assembly is in a target working mode, acquiring first working condition information corresponding to the target working mode; and if the first working condition information meets a first check condition, detecting whether an engine in the power assembly has a misfire fault according to a misfire detection strategy matched by the target working mode. The application detects the misfire fault by using the misfire detection strategy matched by the target working mode, can select a suitable misfire detection strategy according to different working modes of the power assembly, and improves the adaptability of misfire fault detection and the detection precision of misfire faults of the hybrid vehicle under all working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle control technology, and in particular to a method for detecting fire faults, a vehicle, electronic equipment, and a medium. Background Technology

[0002] Engine misfire refers to the failure of the air-fuel mixture to burn properly in the engine cylinders of the powertrain. Timely detection of misfires is crucial for controlling exhaust emissions, preventing hardware damage, and ensuring the safe operation of the powertrain.

[0003] In related technologies, since misfire failures cause significant fluctuations in the crankshaft speed of the engine, the frequency of misfire failures can be determined by monitoring the crankshaft speed with a crankshaft position sensor and counting the number of crankshaft speed fluctuations. The misfire cylinder can then be located using a camshaft position sensor.

[0004] However, with the popularization of hybrid vehicles, the working mode of the powertrain has become more complex. For example, in the series generator mode, the ISG (integrated starter generator) will actively smooth the crankshaft speed fluctuations, which makes the working condition adaptability of the misfire fault detection based on crankshaft speed fluctuations poor, the detection accuracy decreases, and problems such as missed detection and false detection are easy to occur. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method for detecting fire malfunctions, a vehicle, electronic equipment, and a medium to solve the technical problems existing in related technologies. It includes the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, this application provides a method for detecting a misfire fault, the method comprising: determining the operating mode of a powertrain in a vehicle; if the powertrain is in a target operating mode, acquiring first operating condition information corresponding to the target operating mode; if the first operating condition information satisfies a first verification condition, detecting whether there is a misfire fault in the engine of the powertrain according to a misfire detection strategy matched to the target operating mode.

[0006] In some possible implementations, determining the operating mode of the powertrain in the vehicle includes: determining a desired operating mode and an actual operating mode of the powertrain; if both the desired operating mode and the actual operating mode point to the target operating mode, determining that the powertrain is in the target operating mode.

[0007] In some possible implementations, the powertrain further includes a generator, and the target operating mode includes a series power generation mode, in which the engine drives the generator to generate electricity and the engine has no mechanical transmission connection with the vehicle's wheels; the misfire detection strategy matched to the series power generation mode is to detect whether the misfire fault exists in the engine based on the vehicle's torque achievement rate.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the misfire fault includes a first type of fault in which multiple cylinders of the engine misfire. The step of detecting whether there is a misfire fault in the engine of the powertrain according to the misfire detection strategy matched with the target operating mode includes: if the torque achievement rate is continuously lower than a first threshold within a first duration threshold, determining that there is a first type of fault in the engine.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the misfire fault includes a second type of fault, namely, partial misfire of multiple cylinders of the engine. The step of detecting whether there is a misfire fault in the engine of the powertrain according to the misfire detection strategy matched with the target operating mode includes: if the torque achievement rate is continuously greater than a first threshold and lower than a second threshold within a second time threshold, then acquiring second operating condition information, wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold; if the second operating condition information meets the corresponding second verification condition, determining that there is a second type of fault in the engine.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the method further includes: acquiring third operating condition information indicating the operating state of the engine and fourth operating condition information indicating the operating state of the generator; correcting the load torque of the generator based on the third operating condition information; correcting the theoretical output torque of the engine based on the fourth operating condition information; and determining the torque achievement rate based on the corrected load torque and the theoretical output torque.

[0011] In some possible implementations, the misfire fault includes multiple types, and the risk levels of the multiple misfire faults are different. The method further includes: if any one of the multiple misfire faults exists in the engine, determining a fault handling strategy for the misfire fault according to the risk level of the misfire fault; and performing fault handling according to the fault handling strategy for the misfire fault.

[0012] In a second aspect, this application provides a misfire detection device, the device comprising a determining module, an acquiring module, and an executing module; the determining module is configured to determine the operating mode of a powertrain in a vehicle; the acquiring module is configured to acquire first operating condition information corresponding to the target operating mode if the powertrain is in a target operating mode; the executing module is configured to detect whether there is a misfire fault in the engine of the powertrain according to a misfire detection strategy matched to the target operating mode if the first operating condition information meets a first verification condition.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the determining module, when determining the operating mode of the powertrain in the vehicle, is configured to: determine the desired operating mode and the actual operating mode of the powertrain; if both the desired operating mode and the actual operating mode point to the target operating mode, determine that the powertrain is in the target operating mode.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the powertrain further includes a generator, and the target operating mode includes a series power generation mode, in which the engine drives the generator to generate electricity and the engine has no mechanical transmission connection with the vehicle's wheels; the misfire detection strategy matched to the series power generation mode is to detect whether the misfire fault exists in the engine based on the vehicle's torque achievement rate.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the misfire fault includes a first type of fault in which all cylinders of the engine misfire. The execution module is configured to determine that the first type of fault exists in the engine when detecting whether there is a misfire fault in the engine of the powertrain according to the misfire detection strategy matched to the target operating mode: if the torque achievement rate is continuously lower than a first threshold within a first duration threshold, the first type of fault exists in the engine.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the misfire fault includes a second type of fault, namely, partial misfire of multiple cylinders of the engine. When the execution module detects whether there is a misfire fault in the engine of the powertrain according to the misfire detection strategy matched to the target operating mode, it is configured to: if the torque achievement rate is continuously greater than a first threshold and lower than a second threshold within a second time threshold, then obtain second operating condition information, wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold; if the second operating condition information meets the corresponding second verification condition, determine that there is a second type of fault in the engine.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the acquisition module is further configured to: acquire third operating condition information indicating the engine's operating state and fourth operating condition information indicating the generator's operating state; the execution module is further configured to: correct the generator's load torque based on the third operating condition information; correct the engine's theoretical output torque based on the fourth operating condition information; and determine the torque achievement rate based on the corrected load torque and theoretical output torque.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the misfire faults include multiple types, and the risk levels of the multiple misfire faults are different. The execution module is also configured to: if any of the multiple misfire faults exists in the engine, determine the fault handling strategy for the misfire fault according to the risk level of the misfire fault; and perform fault handling according to the fault handling strategy for the misfire fault.

[0019] In a third aspect, this application provides a vehicle including a powertrain and a control unit, the powertrain being used to provide driving power to the vehicle, and the control unit detecting a misfire fault in the powertrain based on the method described in any one of the first aspects of this application.

[0020] In a fourth aspect, this application provides an electronic device for detecting fire faults, comprising: a memory storing at least one program instruction for detecting fire faults; and a processor, wherein when the program instruction is executed by the processor, the electronic device causes the electronic device to implement the method described in the first aspect of this application.

[0021] In a fifth aspect, this application provides a computer program (product) comprising computer program / instructions that are executed by a processor to enable a computer to perform the method described in the first aspect of this application.

[0022] In a sixth aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored program instructions thereon for detecting fire faults, which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the computer to implement the method described in the first aspect of this application.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided in this application include at least the following: The technical solution provided in this application, when the vehicle is in a target operating mode, can perform misfire fault detection based on a misfire detection strategy matched to the target operating mode. This facilitates the selection of appropriate misfire detection strategies for different powertrain operating modes, improving the adaptability of misfire fault detection for hybrid vehicles under all operating conditions. Furthermore, before performing misfire fault detection according to the misfire detection strategy, the validity of the misfire detection strategy can be determined based on first operating condition information. The corresponding misfire fault detection process is only initiated if the first operating condition information meets the first verification condition. This helps avoid invalid detection processes in scenarios such as abnormal operating conditions, signal failures, and interference from special control logic, further improving the reliability and control efficiency of misfire detection. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an implementation scenario provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a fire fault detection method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fire fault detection device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device for detecting fire faults provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an implementation scenario provided in this application. Referring to 1, the implementation scenario provided in this application is a vehicle, such as a hybrid vehicle, which includes, for example, a powertrain 11 and a control unit 12.

[0029] The powertrain 11 is, for example, the power supply and energy conversion assembly in a hybrid vehicle, including but not limited to mechanical structures such as engines, generators (such as ISG), drive motors, drive shafts, reducers, and clutches, used, but not limited to, to provide driving power for the vehicle and realize the mutual conversion of electrical energy and mechanical energy.

[0030] Optionally, the powertrain can operate in different operating modes. The operating modes of the powertrain are used to indicate the energy transfer and mechanical connection relationship between the engine, generator and drive motor inside the powertrain. The operating modes of the powertrain include, for example, series power generation mode, parallel drive mode, pure electric drive mode, and idle charging mode.

[0031] Optionally, the energy transfer and mechanical connection relationships between the engine, generator, and drive motor differ depending on the powertrain's operating mode. For example, when the powertrain is in series power generation mode, the engine only drives the generator to generate electricity, and there is no mechanical transmission connection between the engine and the wheels. All of the engine's mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy to power the drive or store energy.

[0032] When the powertrain is in parallel drive mode, the engine establishes a mechanical transmission connection with the wheels, and the engine's output torque drives the vehicle. At the same time, the generator can participate in torque regulation or energy recovery, realizing the coupled drive of the engine and generator.

[0033] When the powertrain is in pure electric drive mode, the engine stops and does not work. The power battery supplies power to the drive motor, which drives the vehicle on its own.

[0034] When the powertrain is in idle charging mode, the vehicle is stationary and has no need for driving power. The engine runs at idle speed and drives the generator to generate electricity to replenish the power battery, only completing the energy storage and charging function.

[0035] The control unit 12 communicates with various components and sensors inside the powertrain 11 via wired or wireless means. It is used, but not limited to, to identify the operating mode of the powertrain through speed sensors, pressure sensors, motor torque sensors, etc. installed in the vehicle, and to monitor the operating status of the powertrain according to the misfire detection strategy corresponding to the operating mode in different operating modes, so as to detect whether a misfire fault has occurred in the engine; and, in the event of a misfire fault, to execute the graded fault handling strategy corresponding to the misfire fault.

[0036] Optionally, the control unit 12 is a separately configured HCU (hybrid control unit); or, the control unit 12 is a collaborative control system composed of multiple controllers in a hybrid vehicle, such as an EMS (engine management system), HCU, MCU (motor control unit), and instrument controller working together. It should be noted that the types and number of controllers participating in the collaborative control can be adjusted according to the functional requirements of the misfire detection strategy and / or fault handling strategy, and this application does not impose any limitations in this regard.

[0037] Those skilled in the art should understand that the powertrain 11 and control unit 12 described above are merely examples. Other existing or future powertrains and control units that are applicable to this application should also be included within the scope of protection of this application, and are hereby incorporated by reference.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a fire fault detection method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method can be, for example, by... Figure 1 The control unit 12 in the middle performs this action. See also... Figure 2 The fire fault detection method provided in this application embodiment may include the following steps S210-S230.

[0039] Step S210: Determine the operating mode of the powertrain in the vehicle.

[0040] For example, the powertrain can operate in multiple operating modes, and each operating mode corresponds one-to-one with a different misfire detection strategy. Each misfire detection strategy is a pre-configured set of control logic used to indicate the type of effective monitoring signal that characterizes the engine's work capacity when the powertrain is in the operating mode corresponding to that misfire detection strategy, and the rules for detecting misfire faults in the engine based on that effective monitoring signal.

[0041] For example, multiple operating modes include series generator mode, parallel drive mode, pure electric mode, and idle charging mode. When the powertrain is in series generator mode, the effective monitoring signal corresponding to this mode is the vehicle's torque achievement rate. In this case, since the engine only drives the generator to produce electricity, there is no mechanical load diversion to the wheel side, and the electric motor actively smooths crankshaft speed fluctuations in series generator mode, the vehicle's torque achievement rate reflects the engine's actual work level. That is, it is possible to determine whether there is a misfire fault in the engine based on the torque achievement rate. For example, misfire fault detection of the engine can be performed based on whether the torque achievement rate reaches a preset threshold.

[0042] When the powertrain is in parallel drive mode, the corresponding effective monitoring signal is crankshaft speed fluctuation. In this case, because the engine simultaneously establishes mechanical transmission connections with the generator and wheels, the engine's output torque is split between the wheels and the generator. The torque achievement rate calculation benchmark becomes invalid, and in parallel drive mode, the electric motor does not actively smooth out crankshaft speed fluctuations. The engine's power loss caused by a misfire will be directly reflected in crankshaft speed fluctuations. By reflecting the engine's true power output through the vehicle's crankshaft speed fluctuations, it is possible to determine whether a misfire fault exists in the engine based on these fluctuations. For example, misfire fault detection can be performed on the engine based on whether the crankshaft speed fluctuation reaches a preset threshold.

[0043] When the powertrain is in pure electric mode, since the engine is off in pure electric mode, there is no need to examine the actual working level of the engine, i.e., there is no need to perform misfire fault detection on the engine. In this case, the misfire fault detection method provided in this application embodiment further includes: if the target operating mode is pure electric mode, then terminating the misfire fault detection process.

[0044] When the powertrain is in idle charging mode, the energy transfer and mechanical connection between the engine, generator, and drive motor are the same as in series generator modes, and torque achievement rate is also used as an effective monitoring signal. However, the rules for determining whether there is a misfire fault in the engine based on the torque achievement rate are different from those in series generator modes, and can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario. For example, the preset threshold for torque achievement rate in idle charging mode is different from the preset threshold for torque achievement rate in series generator mode.

[0045] It should be noted that the above-mentioned various working modes, the effective monitoring signals corresponding to different working modes, and the preset thresholds corresponding to the effective monitoring signals are all illustrative rather than restrictive. Any other type of signal that can characterize the sufficiency of engine power can be used as the effective monitoring signal corresponding to different working modes. Those skilled in the art can adjust them according to different application scenario requirements.

[0046] As mentioned earlier, when the powertrain is in different operating modes, the energy transfer and mechanical connection relationships between the engine, generator, and drive motor are different, which makes the effective monitoring signals for characterizing the engine's work capacity different, that is, the effective monitoring signals that can be used to detect whether there is a misfire fault in the engine are different.

[0047] In view of this, the embodiments of this application combine the characteristics of the energy transfer path and mechanical connection relationship of the powertrain under different working modes. By pre-configuring multiple misfire detection strategies that correspond one-to-one with multiple working modes, it is possible to select appropriate and reliable monitoring signals to carry out misfire fault identification under various hybrid conditions, avoiding the problems of signal distortion, missed or false misfire faults caused by differences in mechanical structure, and improving the accuracy and versatility of engine misfire fault detection.

[0048] In some embodiments, a method for determining the operating mode of a powertrain in a vehicle includes: determining a desired operating mode and an actual operating mode of the powertrain; and if both the desired operating mode and the actual operating mode point to a target operating mode, determining that the powertrain is in the target operating mode.

[0049] For example, the desired operating mode of the powertrain is used to indicate the control requirements for the powertrain under the current operating conditions. For instance, the desired operating mode is the operating mode that the control unit expects the powertrain to enter based on driver needs, battery charge, vehicle speed, engine coolant temperature, etc. The actual operating mode of the powertrain is used to indicate the actual operating state of the powertrain under the current operating conditions. For instance, the actual operating mode is the actual operating mode of the powertrain determined by the control unit based on signals related to the collected operating state of the powertrain.

[0050] In other words, the expected operating mode of the powertrain is the operating mode corresponding to the target command indicating the control requirements, while the actual operating mode of the powertrain is the operating mode obtained based on the comprehensive feedback of the current real operating state of the powertrain, which is the final result of the execution feedback of each hardware component of the powertrain after the target command is issued.

[0051] In this case, depending on the desired operating mode, the powertrain operating status-related signals (hereinafter referred to as the signals to be collected) that need to be collected when determining the actual operating mode of the vehicle will also be different. For example, when the desired operating mode is the series generator mode, the signals to be collected include the engine's operating status signal, the generator's generating torque signal, the drive motor's output torque signal, the clutch's disengagement status signal, etc.

[0052] When the desired operating mode is parallel drive mode, the signals to be collected include engine operating status signal, generator operating status signal, drive motor output torque signal, clutch engagement status signal, wheel output torque signal, etc.

[0053] When the desired operating mode is pure electric mode, the signals to be collected include the engine start / stop status signal, the drive motor operating status signal, and the generator operating status signal.

[0054] When the desired operating mode is idle charging mode, the signals to be collected include the engine's idle speed signal, the generator's generating torque signal, the drive motor's output torque signal, and the vehicle speed signal, etc. This application does not impose any restrictions in this regard.

[0055] In the above method, by verifying the expected operating mode and the actual operating mode of the powertrain, the embodiments of this application can avoid the continuous operation of invalid detection processes when the command request conditions do not match the actual operating conditions of the hardware, reduce computing power consumption, and improve the reliability of engine misfire fault detection and vehicle control efficiency.

[0056] Step S220: If the powertrain is in the target working mode, obtain the first working condition information corresponding to the target working mode.

[0057] For example, the target operating mode is any one of the multiple operating modes of the powertrain. The first operating condition information is any type of information that characterizes whether the current operating condition of the vehicle supports misfire detection when the powertrain is in the target operating mode, used to indicate the effectiveness of the misfire detection strategy corresponding to the target operating mode. Since the target operating mode is any one of the multiple operating modes of the powertrain, the quantity and type of the first operating condition information will differ depending on the target operating mode.

[0058] For example, when the target operating mode is series power generation mode, the corresponding first operating condition information may include one or more types, each of which corresponds to a first verification condition. The first verification condition is a preset rule used to determine whether the operating condition of the corresponding first operating condition information supports fire fault detection. The first operating condition information may be selected from one or more of the following.

[0059] The first verification condition for the engine's output torque is that the engine's output torque is greater than the corresponding preset threshold, such as greater than 20 Nm (newton meter). At this time, it means that the engine has an effective combustion load and the reliability of the torque achievement rate is relatively high.

[0060] The first verification condition for the engine speed is that the engine speed is within the corresponding speed range, such as 700rpm-6500rpm (revolutions per minute). At this time, it means that the engine speed is within the effective working range.

[0061] The first verification condition for the engine fault signal is no intake air temperature fault, no intake manifold pressure fault, etc. In this case, it means that the calculation of torque achievement rate will not be distorted.

[0062] The first verification condition for the active cylinder cut-off count value is that the active cylinder cut-off count value is less than the corresponding preset threshold. At this time, it means that the engine has not performed large-scale active cylinder cut-off, the cylinder has completed its work, and it will not interfere with the misfire fault detection.

[0063] The first verification condition corresponding to the off-line testing stage indicator is that the off-line testing stage indicator indicates that the vehicle is not in the pre-exhaust stage of off-line testing. At this time, it means that the engine fuel injection and ignition control logic is in normal driving calibration strategy, and the special off-line process will not affect the testing accuracy.

[0064] The first verification condition for engine start-up time is that the engine start-up time is greater than the corresponding preset threshold. At this time, it means that the closed-loop control of engine speed and torque has become stable, avoiding the risk of misjudgment caused by the fluctuation of operating conditions during the start-up phase.

[0065] The first verification condition for the CAN (controller area network) bus communication status signal is that the motor torque signal and transmission chain mode signal received on the CAN bus are valid. At this time, the generator load torque signal used to calculate the torque achievement rate is guaranteed to be reliable.

[0066] Alternatively, when the target operating mode is parallel drive mode, the corresponding first operating condition information includes one or more of the following: engine speed, with the corresponding first verification condition being that the engine speed is within a preset speed range; engine fault signal, with the corresponding first verification condition being that the crankshaft position sensor has no related fault; engine start-up time, with the corresponding first verification condition being that the engine start-up time exceeds a preset threshold; clutch status signal, with the corresponding first verification condition being that the clutch is in the engaged state; and active cylinder cut-off count value, with the corresponding first verification condition being that the active cylinder cut-off count value is less than the corresponding preset threshold.

[0067] When the target operating mode is pure electric mode, there is no need to detect engine misfire faults, nor is it necessary to obtain the corresponding first operating condition information. When the target operating mode is idle charging mode, the corresponding first operating condition information is, for example, the same as in the series generator mode. The first verification condition corresponding to either first operating condition information can be the same as or different from that in the series generator mode, and can be adjusted according to the needs of the actual application scenario.

[0068] It should be noted that the above-mentioned first working condition information is illustrative and not restrictive. The number and type of first working condition information corresponding to different working modes, as well as the first verification condition corresponding to any first working condition information, can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario. This application does not impose any restrictions in this regard.

[0069] Step S230: If the first operating condition information meets the first verification condition, detect whether there is a misfire fault in the engine of the powertrain according to the misfire detection strategy matched with the target operating mode.

[0070] As mentioned above, the first operating condition information indicates the validity of the fire detection strategy corresponding to the target operating mode. For example, if there are multiple types of first operating condition information, and each type of first operating condition information corresponds to a different first verification condition, then if all types of first operating condition information satisfy the corresponding first verification condition, the fire detection strategy corresponding to the target operating mode is valid; otherwise, the fire detection strategy corresponding to the target operating mode is invalid.

[0071] Alternatively, if there are multiple first operating conditions and each of the multiple first operating conditions corresponds one-to-one with multiple first verification conditions, some first verification conditions can be set as mandatory conditions and the remaining first verification conditions as optional conditions. When all mandatory conditions are met and the number of optional conditions reaches the preset requirement, the fire detection strategy is determined to be effective.

[0072] When the first operating condition information meets the first verification condition, it indicates that the misfire detection strategy corresponding to the target operating mode is effective when the powertrain is in the target operating mode. In other words, the accuracy of misfire fault detection based on the misfire detection strategy corresponding to the target operating mode is high. In this case, performing misfire fault detection according to the misfire detection strategy matched to the target operating mode can effectively avoid misjudgments and missed judgments of misfire faults caused by abnormal operating conditions.

[0073] For example, when the powertrain includes an engine, a generator, and a drive motor, the target operating modes include: a series power generation mode where the engine drives the generator to generate electricity and has no mechanical transmission connection with the vehicle's wheels; an idle charging mode; a parallel drive mode where the engine simultaneously establishes mechanical transmission connections with the generator and wheels; and a pure electric mode where the engine stops operating. Engine misfire faults include a first type of fault where all cylinders of the engine misfire, and a second type of fault where multiple cylinders of the engine partially misfire.

[0074] When the target operating mode is series power generation mode, the matched misfire detection strategy is to detect whether there is a misfire fault in the engine based on the vehicle's torque achievement rate, hereinafter referred to as the first misfire detection strategy.

[0075] Based on this, a method for detecting whether there is a misfire fault in the engine of the powertrain according to a misfire detection strategy matched to the target operating mode includes, for example, detecting whether there is a misfire fault in the engine according to a misfire detection strategy matched to the series generator mode. For example, if the torque achievement rate is continuously lower than a first threshold within a first duration threshold, it is determined that there is a first type of fault in the engine. The values ​​of the first threshold and the first duration threshold can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario.

[0076] In some embodiments, the first threshold is the critical torque achievement rate when all cylinders of the engine misfire. In this case, the value of the first threshold is usually very low, such as 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, etc., and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to the actual application.

[0077] In other embodiments, a method for detecting whether an engine in a powertrain has a misfire fault according to a misfire detection strategy matched to a target operating mode includes: if, within a second time threshold, the torque achievement rate is continuously greater than a first threshold and lower than a second threshold, then acquiring second operating condition information; if the second operating condition information meets the corresponding second verification condition, determining that a second type of fault exists in the engine. The second threshold is greater than the first threshold, and the second threshold is used to indicate the critical torque achievement rate at which partial cylinder misfire occurs in the engine. The value of the second threshold can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario.

[0078] When the target operating mode is series power generation, the hybrid system relies on the generator's closed-loop regulation of drag torque to stabilize the engine speed. Relying solely on torque achievement rate makes it difficult to accurately distinguish between partial misfires and normal operating fluctuations. In this situation, if a second type of fault exists in the engine, i.e., partial cylinder misfires, the overall engine work capacity will decrease slightly, but due to the closed-loop speed control, the torque achievement rate will not fall below the first threshold.

[0079] Therefore, when the torque achievement rate is greater than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, it indicates that there is a suspected type II fault in the engine. In this case, the embodiments of this application use second operating condition information to perform a secondary verification of the suspected type II fault, avoiding the omission of type II faults. For example, when there is a suspected type II fault in the engine, the crankshaft speed fluctuation is compensated by the generator drag torque fluctuation. If the compensated crankshaft speed fluctuation is greater than the third threshold, it is determined that there is a type II fault in the engine; otherwise, it indicates that there is no type II fault in the engine. The third threshold is used to indicate the critical value of crankshaft speed fluctuation that can determine partial misfire of the cylinder in the series generator mode. The value of the third threshold can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario.

[0080] For example, the method for determining the torque achievement rate is as follows: obtaining third operating condition information indicating the engine's operating state and fourth operating condition information indicating the generator's operating state; correcting the generator's load torque based on the third operating condition information; correcting the engine's theoretical output torque based on the fourth operating condition information; and determining the torque achievement rate based on the corrected load torque and theoretical output torque.

[0081] The theoretical output torque of the engine is determined, for example, based on the target engine speed and fuel-air supply parameters under the current vehicle operating conditions, and is used to indicate the torque control target that the engine can output under ideal combustion conditions. The fourth operating condition information is any type of information that can be used to calibrate the fuel-air supply parameters, including intake air temperature, intake manifold pressure, coolant temperature, etc. The generator's load torque is the real-time output torque of the generator obtained through sensors, used to characterize the actual mechanical torque output by the engine. The third operating condition information includes operating condition information that can compensate for mechanical losses, such as engine speed, oil temperature, and friction torque coefficient.

[0082] When the target operating mode is parallel drive mode, the misfire detection strategy is a second misfire detection strategy based on the crankshaft speed fluctuation of the vehicle to detect whether there is a misfire fault in the engine. For example, if the crankshaft speed fluctuation does not reach the fourth threshold, it indicates that there is no misfire fault in the engine; if the crankshaft speed fluctuation reaches the fourth threshold, it indicates that there is a second type of misfire fault in the engine; if the crankshaft speed fluctuation reaches the fifth threshold, it indicates that there is a first type of misfire fault in the engine. The fifth threshold is greater than the fourth threshold. The fourth threshold is the critical value of crankshaft speed fluctuation that can determine partial misfire in a cylinder under parallel drive mode. The fifth threshold is the critical value of crankshaft speed fluctuation that can determine misfire in multiple cylinders under parallel drive mode.

[0083] When the target operating mode is the idle charging mode, the misfire detection strategy is the same as the first misfire detection strategy in the series generator mode, except that it is used to indicate that the engine has a partial cylinder misfire, and / or the threshold corresponding to the critical torque achievement rate for complete cylinder misfire is different.

[0084] In some possible scenarios, misfire malfunctions may include multiple types with varying risk levels. For example, multiple misfire malfunctions may include a first type of misfire malfunction and a second type of misfire malfunction, where the risk level of the first type of misfire malfunction is higher than that of the second type of misfire malfunction. In such cases, the misfire malfunction detection method provided in this application embodiment further includes: if any one of the multiple misfire malfunctions exists in the engine, determining a fault handling strategy for that misfire malfunction based on its risk level; and performing fault handling according to the fault handling strategy for that misfire malfunction.

[0085] For example, if a first type of misfire fault exists in the engine, the fault handling process according to the fault handling strategy corresponding to the first type of misfire fault is as follows.

[0086] The EMS performs the following actions: immediately stops fuel injection in all cylinders to control engine shutdown; sends a malfunction indicator lamp activation signal to the instrument cluster controller; and sends a shutdown signal to the HCU, which indicates a request to enter the highest-risk fault state.

[0087] The HCU performs the following actions: After receiving the shutdown signal from the EMS, the HCU controls the ISG motor to adjust the engine speed to below the specified speed within a specified time (e.g., 2 seconds), such as below 100 rpm, to assist in the rapid shutdown of the engine; and the HCU limits the power of the vehicle and sends a power limit request and a high-voltage system fault shutdown request to the instrument controller.

[0088] The instrument controller performs the following actions: After receiving the power limitation request and high-voltage system fault shutdown request sent by the HCU, the instrument controller generates corresponding warning information, such as illuminating the "turtle light" (indicating power limitation), displaying the text prompt "Power system limited, please stop and repair as soon as possible", activating the hazard warning lights (double flashers) and / or issuing a long alarm sound.

[0089] In this case, after handling the fault according to the fault handling strategy corresponding to the first type of fire fault, the fire fault detection method provided in this application embodiment further includes: performing fault recovery. For example, the fault recovery process includes the following steps: performing a power-off and power-on cycle on the vehicle; after the EMS identifies the vehicle power-on cycle, it cancels the fault indicator activation signal and sends a fault-free signal to the HCU; after receiving the fault-free signal, the HCU cancels the power limit; and the instrument controller cancels the corresponding warning information.

[0090] Alternatively, if a second type of misfire fault exists in the engine, the fault handling process according to the fault handling strategy corresponding to the second type of misfire fault is as follows.

[0091] EMS performs the following actions: continuously monitors the engine misfire status without immediately cutting off fuel injection and shutting down the engine; sends a fault indicator activation signal to the instrument controller; sends a partial misfire fault message to the HCU and reports a moderate fault level.

[0092] The HCU performs the following actions: upon receiving a partial misfire fault signal from the EMS, it enters a moderate fault control state; it lowers the upper limit of the engine's allowable output torque, limits the vehicle's drive power, and sends power limit requests and torque limit requests to the instrument controller; it maintains the basic operation of the power system and does not trigger an emergency stop request.

[0093] The instrument controller performs the following actions: After receiving the power limit request and torque limit request sent by the HCU, the instrument controller generates corresponding warning information, such as illuminating the tortoise light, and / or displaying the text prompt "The engine has a fault, please drive at low speed and have it repaired in time".

[0094] The technical solution provided in this application, when the vehicle is in a target operating mode, can perform misfire fault detection based on a misfire detection strategy matched to the target operating mode. This facilitates the selection of appropriate misfire detection strategies for different powertrain operating modes, improving the adaptability of misfire fault detection for hybrid vehicles under all operating conditions. Furthermore, before performing misfire fault detection according to the misfire detection strategy, the validity of the misfire detection strategy can be determined based on first operating condition information. The corresponding misfire fault detection process is only initiated if the first operating condition information meets the first verification condition. This helps avoid invalid detection processes in scenarios such as abnormal operating conditions, signal failures, and interference from special control logic, further improving the reliability and control efficiency of misfire detection.

[0095] In some other possible implementations, this application also provides a fire fault detection device. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fire fault detection device provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 3 The fire fault detection device provided in this application includes a determination module 310, an acquisition module 320, and an execution module 330.

[0096] The determination module 310 is configured to determine the operating mode of the powertrain in the vehicle.

[0097] The acquisition module 320 is configured to acquire the first working condition information corresponding to the target working mode if the powertrain is in the target working mode.

[0098] The execution module 330 is configured to detect whether there is a misfire fault in the engine of the powertrain according to the misfire detection strategy matched with the target working mode if the first operating condition information meets the first verification condition.

[0099] In some possible implementations, when determining the operating mode of the powertrain in the vehicle, the determining module 310 is configured to: determine the desired operating mode and the actual operating mode of the powertrain; if both the desired operating mode and the actual operating mode point to the target operating mode, determine that the powertrain is in the target operating mode.

[0100] In some possible implementations, the powertrain also includes a generator, and the target operating mode includes a series generator mode, in which the engine drives the generator to generate electricity and the engine has no mechanical transmission connection with the vehicle's wheels; the misfire detection strategy matched to the series generator mode is to detect whether there is a misfire fault in the engine based on the vehicle's torque achievement rate.

[0101] In some possible implementations, the misfire fault includes a first type of fault in which multiple cylinders of the engine misfire. When the execution module 330 detects whether there is a misfire fault in the engine of the powertrain according to the misfire detection strategy matched to the target operating mode, it is configured to: determine that there is a first type of fault in the engine if the torque achievement rate is continuously lower than a first threshold within a first duration threshold.

[0102] In some possible implementations, the misfire fault includes a second type of fault, which involves partial misfires in multiple cylinders of the engine. When the execution module 330 detects whether there is a misfire fault in the engine of the powertrain according to the misfire detection strategy matched to the target operating mode, it is configured to: if the torque achievement rate is continuously greater than the first threshold and lower than the second threshold within a second time threshold, then acquire second operating condition information, where the second threshold is greater than the first threshold; if the second operating condition information meets the corresponding second verification condition, determine that there is a second type of fault in the engine.

[0103] In some possible implementations, the acquisition module 320 is further configured to: acquire third operating condition information indicating the engine's operating status and fourth operating condition information indicating the generator's operating status; the execution module 330 is further configured to: correct the generator's load torque based on the third operating condition information; correct the engine's theoretical output torque based on the fourth operating condition information; and determine the torque achievement rate based on the corrected load torque and theoretical output torque.

[0104] In some possible implementations, there are multiple types of misfire faults, each with a different risk level. The execution module 330 is also configured to: if any one of the multiple misfire faults exists in the engine, determine a fault handling strategy for that misfire fault based on its risk level; and perform fault handling based on the fault handling strategy for that misfire fault.

[0105] It should be understood that the fire fault detection device and the fire fault detection method provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process can be found in the fire fault detection method embodiments.

[0106] In other possible embodiments, this application provides a vehicle including a powertrain and a control unit, the powertrain providing driving power to the vehicle, and the control unit based on... Figure 2The steps described in several embodiments are used to detect misfire faults in the powertrain.

[0107] In some other possible implementations, this application also provides an electronic device for detecting fire faults. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device for detecting fire faults provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 4 The electronic device for detecting fire faults provided in this application includes: The memory 410 stores at least one program instruction for detecting fire faults.

[0108] When the processor 420 executes the above program instructions, it enables the device to achieve the above-mentioned combination. Figure 2 The steps of the described method and its various embodiments are described below. Depending on the implementation, the processor 420 may be one or more types of processors, including but not limited to DSP (digital signal processor), ASIC (application specific integrated circuit), FPGA (field-programmable gate array), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc., and the number of such devices can be determined according to actual needs.

[0109] In some other possible implementations, this application also provides a computer program (product) comprising computer programs / instructions, which are executed by a processor to enable the computer to perform the above-described combination. Figure 2 The steps of the described method and its various embodiments.

[0110] In some other possible implementations, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing program instructions for detecting fire faults, which, when executed by one or more processors, implement the above-mentioned combination. Figure 2The steps of the described method and its various embodiments are described. The computer-readable storage medium can be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. A readable storage medium can be, for example, but is not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), or flash memory, optical fiber, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0111] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise expressly defined.

[0112] The term "and / or" in the embodiments of this application is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.

[0113] The above description is only for the purpose of enabling those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the principles of this application shall be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting fire malfunctions, characterized in that, The method includes: Determine the operating mode of the powertrain in the vehicle; If the powertrain is in a target operating mode, obtain the first operating condition information corresponding to the target operating mode; If the first operating condition information meets the first verification condition, the misfire detection strategy matched with the target operating mode is used to detect whether there is a misfire fault in the engine of the powertrain.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the operating mode of the powertrain in the vehicle includes: Determine the desired operating mode and the actual operating mode of the powertrain; If both the desired operating mode and the actual operating mode point to the target operating mode, the powertrain is determined to be in the target operating mode.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The powertrain also includes a generator, and the target operating mode includes a series power generation mode, in which the engine drives the generator to generate electricity and the engine has no mechanical transmission connection with the wheels of the vehicle. The misfire detection strategy matched by the series power generation mode is to detect whether the misfire fault exists in the engine based on the vehicle's torque achievement rate.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The misfire fault includes a first-type fault in which multiple cylinders of the engine misfire. The step of detecting whether a misfire fault exists in the engine of the powertrain according to the misfire detection strategy matched to the target operating mode includes: If the torque achievement rate remains below the first threshold within the first duration threshold, it is determined that the engine has the first type of fault.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The misfire fault includes a second type of fault involving partial misfires in multiple cylinders of the engine. The step of detecting whether a misfire fault exists in the engine of the powertrain according to the misfire detection strategy matched to the target operating mode includes: If the torque achievement rate is continuously greater than the first threshold and lower than the second threshold within the second time threshold, then the second working condition information is obtained, where the second threshold is greater than the first threshold. If the second operating condition information meets the corresponding second verification condition, it is determined that the engine has the second type of fault.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: Acquire third operating condition information indicating the engine's operating status and fourth operating condition information indicating the generator's operating status; The load torque of the generator is corrected based on the third operating condition information; The theoretical output torque of the engine is corrected based on the fourth operating condition information; The torque achievement rate is determined based on the corrected load torque and the theoretical output torque.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The fire malfunctions include various types, each with different risk levels. The method also includes: If any of the various misfire faults exists in the engine, a fault handling strategy for the misfire fault shall be determined according to the risk level of the misfire fault. The fault is handled according to the fault handling strategy for any of the aforementioned fire faults.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a powertrain and a control unit, the powertrain being used to provide driving power to the vehicle, and the control unit detecting a misfire fault in the powertrain based on the method of any one of claims 1-7.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The memory contains program instructions for detecting fire malfunctions; as well as A processor, when the program instructions are executed by the processor, causes the device to perform the method of any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores program instructions for detecting fire faults, which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the device to perform the method of any one of claims 1-7.

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