An axial tensile sample preparation apparatus and method

Abstract

The application discloses an axial tensile sample preparation equipment and method, relates to the technical field of heat preservation plate sample processing, and comprises a fixed machine table, a workpiece placing template, a movable sliding table, a cylinder lifting mechanism and a cylinder positioning mechanism, and further comprises: a cutting milling cutter mechanism which is symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the fixed machine table and is used for cutting in one-way movement according to the edge shape of a sample; a guide column which is arranged at one side of the milling cutter and is used for being always located at the front end of the milling cutter to compress a multi-point pressing mechanism before the milling cutter cuts the plate; and a multi-point pressing mechanism which is arranged at the bottom of the output end of the cylinder lifting mechanism and is used for moving the pressing point of the milling cutter to the edge of the sample in the cutting process under the compression of the guide column, so that each set of pressing side plates can be adaptively moved to one side of the cutting position of the workpiece plate to be pressed in the cutting process, the phenomenon that the edge of the workpiece is not flat after being pressed and cut is avoided, and the machining precision during sample preparation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal insulation board sample processing technology, specifically to an axial tensile sample preparation device and method. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of insulation panels for liquefied natural gas (LNG) carriers, reinforced polyurethane foam is required. Each batch of this reinforced polyurethane foam requires a large number of samples for tensile testing. Efficiently preparing test samples according to testing standards is crucial, especially for rigid polyurethane foam, which is widely used in insulation systems in transportation, cold storage, and construction industries. Tensile mechanical property analysis is necessary for research and factory production quality control. Based on domestic and international testing methods, a large number of dumbbell-shaped (also known as dog-bone) specimens of specific sizes and specifications need to be prepared frequently. The dumbbell shape of the tensile specimens must ensure that the specimen breaks at the midpoint of the parallel section, yielding reliable and repeatable tensile property data (such as tensile strength, elongation at break, and modulus of elasticity). Testing standards require reliable parallel section length and width, with the internal width of the parallel section as constant as possible (strict tolerances) and parallel sides.

[0003] When preparing axially tensile samples, a mechanical clamping system is usually used to clamp and position the middle of the product. Then, a programming system controls the movement trajectory of the milling cutter to cut the two sides of the sample, making the sample into a dog bone shape, thus completing the preparation of the axially tensile sample.

[0004] In existing technologies, because the two sides of the product need to be cut, the clamping point is located in the middle of the product when using a fixed clamping device. However, the rigidity of rigid polyurethane foam is limited, and slight warping is likely to occur on both sides when clamping the middle. This causes the cutting surface to tilt when the milling cutter cuts the two sides of the product sheet, resulting in errors in the edge shape of the axially tensile sample. This affects the accuracy of the tensile performance data in subsequent tensile tests. Furthermore, the fixed clamping device cannot accommodate dog bone samples of all sizes. The wider the dog bone sample, the more difficult it is to control the degree of warping.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for innovative designs based on existing sample preparation equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention addresses the problem of overly simplistic solutions in existing technologies by providing a significantly different solution. Specifically, the present invention aims to provide an axial tensile sample preparation device and method to solve the problem mentioned in the background that rigid polyurethane foam has limited hardness and tends to warp slightly on both sides when compressed in the middle, causing the cutting surface to tilt when the milling cutter cuts the sides of the product sheet.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an axial tensile sample preparation device, comprising a fixed machine base, a workpiece placement template, a movable slide, a cylinder lifting mechanism, and a cylinder positioning mechanism, and further comprising: The cutting milling cutter mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed machine base, and is used to cut the sample by moving unidirectionally according to the shape of the sample edge; The guide post is located on one side of the milling cutter in the cutting milling cutter mechanism, and is used to always be located at the front end of the milling cutter before the milling cutter cuts the plate to form a multi-point clamping mechanism; A multi-point clamping mechanism is set at the bottom of the output end of the cylinder lifting mechanism to allow the clamping point to adaptively move to the edge of the sample during the milling process under the pressure of the guide column. The multi-point clamping mechanism includes a clamping inner plate and a clamping side plate, and the side wall of the clamping side plate is fixed with a guide plate that is inclined toward the guide column.

[0008] Preferably, the workpiece placement template is fixedly mounted on the table surface of the movable slide, and the upper surface of the workpiece placement template has symmetrically opened through grooves, and positioning blocks are symmetrically fixed at the middle of the upper surface of the workpiece placement template.

[0009] Preferably, the cylinder lifting mechanism is fixed on the movable table surface of the movable slide, and the telescopic end of the cylinder lifting mechanism is fixed to the inner pressing plate. The inner pressing plate is located at the upper middle of the workpiece placement template, and the pressing side plates are symmetrically arranged at equal intervals on both sides of the inner pressing plate.

[0010] Preferably, the multi-point pressing mechanism further includes a first cylinder respectively disposed inside the pressing inner plate, one end opening of the first cylinder facing the corresponding pressing side plate, a first piston slidably engaged with the first cylinder inside the first cylinder, and a first connecting column fixed between the first piston and the corresponding pressing side plate.

[0011] Preferably, the multi-point pressing mechanism further includes a second cylinder fixed to the top of the pressing inner plate and corresponding to the first cylinder. The second cylinder has a second piston that slides inside it. The top of the second piston has a push plate that slides with the second cylinder. A return spring is connected between the push plate and the top of the second cylinder. A second connecting post is fixed at the center of the top of the push plate, penetrating the top of the second cylinder. A pull plate is fixed at the top of the second connecting post. A positioning shaft that passes through the pull plate is rotatably connected to the top of the pressing inner plate.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom of each of the pressing side plates is provided with ball bearings, and an interleaved sliding structure is provided between each pair of symmetrically arranged guide plates. The interleaved sliding structure includes a convex-shaped structure provided at the front end of one set of guide plates, and a concave-shaped structure that fits the convex-shaped structure at the front end of the other set of guide plates.

[0013] Preferably, a limiting block is provided at the opening of the first cylinder on one side of the first piston, and a protrusion is provided on the outer wall of the first piston, and a sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the first cylinder to slide in cooperation with the protrusion.

[0014] Preferably, an oil supply pipe is connected between the second cylinder and its corresponding first cylinder, and through grooves are provided on the top of the second cylinder and inside the pusher plate.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the inner pressing plate is rotatably connected to a positioning shaft that passes through the pull plate, and the upper end of the positioning shaft is threadedly connected to the pull plate.

[0016] A method for preparing an axially tensile sample preparation device includes the following steps: S1. The cylinder positioning mechanism and positioning block are used to accurately place the workpiece; S2. The multi-point pressing mechanism is driven by the cylinder lifting mechanism to press the workpiece; S3. The pressed workpiece is moved toward the cutting milling cutter mechanism by means of the movable slide table; S4. The workpiece is cut by the milling cutter of the cutting milling cutter mechanism passing through the cutter groove; S5. Remove the machined axial tensile sample and replace the workpiece plate to repeat the machining process.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: In this invention, during the cutting process, the guide column first pushes the guide plate. Under the action of the multi-point clamping mechanism, each set of clamping side plates can adaptively move to the side of the workpiece plate cutting position for clamping. Then, the milling cutter moves along the tool groove trajectory to cut the workpiece. At this time, not only is the middle of the workpiece plate clamped by the clamping inner plate, but the cutting positions at the edge of the workpiece plate are also clamped by the clamping side plates. This prevents the rigid polyurethane foam board from slightly warping on both sides due to stress release when it is clamped, thereby avoiding uneven edges after the workpiece is clamped and improving the processing accuracy during sample preparation. In this invention, when the shapes to be cut on the two sides of the workpiece are different, the workpiece placement template is changed so that the trajectory of the over-cut groove on its upper surface matches the shape of the sample edge. Under the action of the multi-point clamping mechanism, the clamping side plate can still adaptively move to one side of the over-cut groove for clamping during cutting, thereby improving the adaptability of the equipment when preparing axially tensile samples. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the fixed machine base and the cutting milling cutter mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the sample workpiece after being pressed by the cylinder lifting mechanism and multi-point pressing mechanism of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a plan view of the sample workpiece after being pressed by the cylinder lifting mechanism and multi-point pressing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the image; Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the multi-point pressing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point B in the image; Figure 8 This is a plan view of the multi-point pressing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a sectional perspective view of the first and second cylinders between the symmetrically pressing side plates of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional plan view of the first and second cylinders between the symmetrically pressing side plates of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Fixed machine base; 101. Workpiece placement template; 102. Moving slide; 103. Positioning block; 2. Cutting milling cutter mechanism; 201. Guide column; 3. Cylinder lifting mechanism; 301. Cylinder positioning mechanism; 4. Pressing inner plate; 401. First cylinder; 402. First piston; 403. First connecting column; 404. Pressing side plate; 405. Guide plate; 5. Second cylinder; 501. Second piston; 502. Push plate; 503. Return spring; 504. Second connecting column; 505. Pull plate; 506. Positioning shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figures 1 to 10 The present invention provides a technical solution: an axial tensile sample preparation device, comprising a fixed machine base 1, a workpiece placement template 101, a movable slide 102, a cylinder lifting mechanism 3, a cylinder positioning mechanism 301, and further comprising: The cutting milling cutter mechanism 2 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed machine base 1, and is used to cut by moving unidirectionally according to the shape of the sample edge; Guide column 201 is set on one side of the milling cutter in the milling cutter mechanism 2, and is used to always be located at the front end of the milling cutter to perform multi-point clamping mechanism before the milling cutter cuts the plate; A multi-point clamping mechanism is set at the bottom of the output end of the cylinder lifting mechanism 3, so that the clamping point can be adaptively moved to the edge of the sample during the milling process under the pressure of the guide column 201. The multi-point clamping mechanism includes a clamping inner plate 4 and a clamping side plate 404. A guide plate 405 inclined toward the guide post 201 is fixed to the side wall of the clamping side plate 404.

[0022] In specific implementation, the fixed machine base 1, the cutting milling cutter mechanism 2, the cylinder lifting mechanism 3, and the cylinder positioning mechanism 301 are all existing technologies. The fixed machine base 1 controls the movement of the movable slide 102 through its internal transmission structure. The cutting milling cutter mechanism 2 includes a milling cutter rotary servo motor, a slide rail, and a lead screw. The movement trajectory of the milling cutter can be controlled by a program. The cylinder positioning mechanism 301 includes a positioning cylinder and a lifting aluminum profile. The height of the positioning cylinder can be adjusted according to the height of the workpiece by lifting the aluminum profile. The extension end of the positioning cylinder is adjusted according to the width of the workpiece, so that when the workpiece is placed on the workpiece placement template 101 manually, the middle of the workpiece is always aligned with the middle of the workpiece placement template 101.

[0023] The workpiece placement template 101 is fixedly mounted on the table surface of the movable slide 102, and the upper surface of the workpiece placement template 101 is symmetrically provided with through grooves. Positioning blocks 103 are symmetrically fixed at the middle of the upper surface of the workpiece placement template 101.

[0024] In practice, the width of the through groove is slightly larger than the diameter of the milling cutter in the cutting milling cutter mechanism 2, so that the bottom of the milling cutter is located in the through groove when cutting the workpiece, thereby effectively cutting the workpiece. With the cooperation of the positioning block 103 and the cylinder positioning mechanism 301, the workpiece is accurately positioned after placement.

[0025] The cylinder lifting mechanism 3 is fixed on the movable table surface of the movable slide 102, and the telescopic end of the cylinder lifting mechanism 3 is fixed to the inner pressing plate 4. The inner pressing plate 4 is located at the middle of the workpiece placement template 101 above, and the pressing side plates 404 are symmetrically arranged at equal intervals on both sides of the inner pressing plate 4.

[0026] In practice, the initial position of the clamping side plate 404 is close to the side of the workpiece, so that the clamping inner plate 4 and the clamping side plate 404 can clamp the workpiece more comprehensively.

[0027] The multi-point pressing mechanism also includes a first cylinder 401 respectively disposed inside the pressing inner plate 4. One end opening of the first cylinder 401 faces the corresponding pressing side plate 404. A first piston 402 is disposed inside the first cylinder 401 and slides therewith. A first connecting column 403 is fixed between the first piston 402 and the corresponding pressing side plate 404.

[0028] In practice, the interior of the first cylinder 401, located on one side of the first piston 402, is filled with oil.

[0029] The multi-point clamping mechanism also includes a second cylinder 5, which is fixed to the top of the clamping inner plate 4 and corresponds to the first cylinder 401. The second cylinder 5 is provided with a second piston 501 that slides with it. The top of the second piston 501 is provided with a push plate 502 that slides with the second cylinder 5. A return spring 503 is connected between the push plate 502 and the top of the second cylinder 5. A second connecting post 504 that penetrates the top of the second cylinder 5 is fixed at the center of the top of the push plate 502. A pull plate 505 is fixed at the top of the second connecting post 504. A positioning shaft 506 that penetrates the pull plate 505 is rotatably connected to the top of the clamping inner plate 4.

[0030] In practice, the interior of the second cylinder 5, located at the bottom of the second piston 501, is filled with oil.

[0031] The bottom of each pressing side plate 404 is provided with ball bearings, and there is an interleaved sliding structure between each pair of symmetrically arranged guide plates 405. The interleaved sliding structure includes a convex-shaped structure at the front end of one set of guide plates 405 and a concave-shaped structure at the front end of the other set of guide plates 405 that fits the convex-shaped structure.

[0032] In specific implementation, the lowest point of the ball bearing at the bottom of the pressing side plate 404 is on the same horizontal plane as the bottom surface of the pressing inner plate 4. The ball bearing can reduce the friction of the pressing side plate 404 when it moves on the upper surface of the workpiece. The bottom surface of the guide plate 405 should be higher than the top surface of the pressing inner plate 4 to avoid the guide plate 405 being blocked when it is squeezed and moves towards the pressing inner plate 4. At the same time, when the two sets of symmetrically distributed guide plates 405 move close to each other and the movement distance is large, they can be interlocked through the staggered sliding structure.

[0033] The opening of the first cylinder 401 is provided with a limit block on one side of the first piston 402, and the outer wall of the first piston 402 is provided with a protrusion, and the inner wall of the first cylinder 401 is provided with a sliding groove that slides in cooperation with the protrusion.

[0034] In specific implementation, the limiting block can limit the first piston 402. When the first piston 402 is in contact with the limiting block, the first cylinder 401 and the first connecting column 403 are at their maximum elongation length. The first piston 402 is limited by sliding in the groove through the protrusion on the outer wall, so that rotation is avoided when the pressing side plate 404 does not press the workpiece.

[0035] An oil supply pipe is connected between the second cylinder 5 and its corresponding first cylinder 401. Both the top of the second cylinder 5 and the interior of the push plate 502 are provided with through grooves.

[0036] In practice, the oil pipe is filled with oil, and one end of the oil pipe is connected to the bottom of the second piston 501 inside the second cylinder 5, while the other end is connected to the non-open end of the first cylinder 401. The through groove is to prevent negative pressure from appearing inside the second cylinder 5 when the push plate 502 moves longitudinally.

[0037] The top of the inner plate 4 is rotatably connected to a positioning shaft 506 that passes through the pull plate 505, and the upper end of the positioning shaft 506 is threadedly connected to the pull plate 505.

[0038] In practice, the upper end of the positioning shaft 506 is provided with a short thread. When the pull plate 505 moves to the thread, rotating the positioning shaft 506 can position the pull plate 505 at the height of the thread.

[0039] A method for preparing an axially tensile sample preparation device includes the following steps: S1. Adjust the displacement of the telescopic end of the cylinder positioning mechanism 301 according to the workpiece width. Under the action of the positioning block 103 at the top of the workpiece placement template 101 and the cylinder positioning mechanism 301, the workpiece is accurately placed on the upper surface of the workpiece placement template 101. S2. Control the retraction end of the cylinder positioning mechanism 301 to reset, and control the retraction end of the cylinder lifting mechanism 3 to move down. The cylinder lifting mechanism 3 then drives the multi-point pressing mechanism to move down and press the placed workpiece. S3. Start the transmission system inside the movable slide 102, so that the movable slide 102 drives the pressed workpiece to move towards the cutting milling cutter mechanism 2. At the same time, the milling cutter on the cutting milling cutter mechanism 2 moves on the same horizontal plane according to the set movement trajectory through program control. S4. Under the combined action of the guide column 201 and the multi-point clamping mechanism, the workpiece is cut by the milling cutter on the cutting milling cutter mechanism 2. The milling cutter moves along the tool groove trajectory on the upper surface of the workpiece placement template 101, completely cutting the workpiece from top to bottom. At the same time, during the cutting process, the clamping side plates 404, which are symmetrically arranged at equal intervals, can all be moved to one side of the cutting position to clamp the workpiece plate. S5. Control the movable slide 102, cutting milling cutter mechanism 2, cylinder lifting mechanism 3 and cylinder positioning mechanism 301 on the fixed machine table 1 to reset, and at the same time adjust the multi-point clamping mechanism back to the initial state, remove the processed axial tensile sample and replace the workpiece plate to continue the above processing.

[0040] In the general embodiment, a through groove is provided on the upper surface of the workpiece placement template 101. The milling cutter itself is driven by the program setting, and when cutting is required, the milling cutter enters the through groove. The milling cutter cuts the uncut workpiece according to the path of the through groove. First, the milling cutter needs to cut the workpiece according to the through groove, and the design of the through groove also makes the workpiece cut more completely. If the through groove is not provided, the milling cutter will only cut the upper surface of the workpiece. In addition, the guide post 201 provided on the milling cutter isolates the milling cutter from direct contact with the pressing side plate 404. When the workpiece is initially pressed, the pull plate 505 needs to be pulled up. The pull plate 505 pulls the second connecting post 504 up at the same time. The second connecting post 504 drives the push plate 502 to slide upward in the second cylinder 5 and squeeze the return spring 503 until the pull plate 505 moves to the thread at the upper end of the positioning shaft 506. When the positioning shaft 506 is rotated, the pull plate 505 will continue to move upward a small distance under the action of the thread engagement and stop. Rotating the positioning shaft 506 temporarily positions the pull plate 505 at this height. This step is used to reserve space inside the second cylinder 5 for the oil from the first cylinder 401 to enter. When the clamping side plate 404 is compressed, it maintains the current compression state. Because the milling cutter moves and cuts according to the path of the cutting groove, the shape of the workpiece is formed according to the path of the cutting groove. After the clamping side plate 404 is clamped, the positioning shaft 506 limits the position of the pull plate 505, preventing a back-pull-back reset after oil compression, thus ensuring... After being pressed by the guide post 201, the clamping side plate 404 stays at the position of the corresponding cutting groove. After one cut is completed, the telescopic end of the cylinder lifting mechanism 3 moves upward again, so that the multi-point clamping mechanism is lifted while maintaining the current clamping state. Then, the worker removes the cut workpiece and puts in a new uncut workpiece for the next cut. In addition, when it is necessary to change the workpiece placement template 101 (i.e., other shapes of cutting grooves), it is only necessary to rotate the positioning shaft 506 again, so that the pull plate 505 moves downward and disengages from the thread at the upper end of the positioning shaft 506. Under the action of the return spring 503, the push plates 502 slide to the same initial height. The push plates 502 in different positions of the second cylinder 5 push the second piston 501 downward at different positions. The second piston 501 pushes the oil in the second cylinder 5 back into the first cylinder 401, so that the first piston 402 pushes the first connecting post 403 to move out of the first cylinder 401 again, so that the clamping side plate 404 connected to the first connecting post 403 moves to the initial position respectively.

[0041] Working principle: First, the displacement of the telescopic end of the cylinder positioning mechanism 301 is adjusted according to the workpiece width. Under the cooperation of the positioning block 103 on the top of the workpiece placement template 101 and the cylinder positioning mechanism 301, the workpiece is accurately placed on the upper surface of the workpiece placement template 101, so that the workpiece and the workpiece placement template 101 are on the same center line (i.e., the center of the workpiece is aligned with the center of the template, ensuring uniform cutting allowance on both sides). At this time, the telescopic end of the cylinder positioning mechanism 301 is controlled to reset (retract, no longer blocking the workpiece), and the telescopic end of the cylinder lifting mechanism 3 is controlled to move down. The cylinder lifting mechanism 3 drives the multi-point pressing mechanism to move down as a whole and press the placed workpiece. Among them, the pressing inner plate 4 presses the middle area of ​​the workpiece, and the pressing side plates 404, which are symmetrically distributed at equal intervals, press the middle area of ​​the workpiece. Do not press the two sides of the workpiece tightly. Then pull up the pull plate 505. The pull plate 505 pulls the second connecting column 504 upward at the same time. The second connecting column 504 drives the push plate 502 to slide upward in the second cylinder 5 and squeeze the return spring 503 (at this time, the space below the push plate 502 becomes larger, reserving a position for subsequent oil to flow in). When the pull plate 505 moves to the thread at the upper end of the positioning shaft 506, rotate the positioning shaft 506. Under the action of the thread, the pull plate 505 will continue to move upward a small distance. After stopping the rotation of the positioning shaft 506, the pull plate 505 can be temporarily positioned at this height (the purpose of this step is to lock the oil circuit so that the subsequent oil cannot flow back after being squeezed into the second cylinder 5, thereby ensuring that the pressing side plate 404 can stay in the current position after being pushed open).

[0042] Then, the screw drive system in the fixed machine base 1 is started, so that the moving slide 102 drives the clamped workpiece to move towards the cutting milling cutter mechanism 2. At the same time, the milling cutter on the cutting milling cutter mechanism 2 is controlled by the program to move on the same horizontal plane according to the set movement trajectory. The guide post 201 on one side of the milling cutter will first contact the guide plate 405 located at the foremost point in the direction of movement (the guide post 201 is always located at the front end of the milling cutter, which is equivalent to isolating the milling cutter from direct contact with the clamping side plate 404). Since the guide plate 405 is inclined towards the guide post 201 (in a slope shape), when the guide post 201 moves in a straight line, it will generate an inward component force on the guide plate 405, thereby pushing the guide plate 405 and causing the clamping side plate 404 to move towards the clamping inner plate 4 (i.e., to retract towards the center of the workpiece). While the clamping side plate 404 moves on the upper surface of the workpiece (the bottom ball bearings reduce sliding friction), it drives the first connecting post 403 to move synchronously. The first connecting post 403 drives the first piston 402 to slide inside the first cylinder 401. The first piston 402 pushes the first cylinder 401. The oil inside is transported to the second cylinder 5 through the oil supply pipe. After the oil enters the second cylinder 5, it pushes the second piston 501 and the push plate 502 upward (since the pull plate 505 is locked by the positioning shaft 506, there is space above the push plate 502 but it will not be pushed back by the return spring 503). The relative movement stops when the guide column 201 moves to the plane position of the pressing side plate 404 (that is, the pressing side plate 404 no longer moves inward). Since the guide column 201 and the milling cutter are on the same moving trajectory, the guide column 201 also moves along the trajectory of the tool groove. The milling cutter will follow the trajectory of the guide column 201 and enter the tool groove on the workpiece placement template 101. At this time, the pressing side plate 404 has moved to one side of the tool groove (making way for the milling cutter's path), and the milling cutter can cut the workpiece at this position. Similarly, each of the subsequently equally spaced clamping side plates 404 will be pushed open sequentially as the guide post 201 passes by, and will automatically stop on one side of the tool groove for clamping. Then, the milling cutter moves along the tool groove trajectory to perform complete cutting of the workpiece. When the tool groove is a non-linear structure (such as arc, stepped, etc.), the displacement of the clamping side plates 404 at different positions is different, and correspondingly, the upward position of the second piston 501 in the second cylinder 5 is also different (each clamping side plate 404 works independently and does not affect each other). Thus, when cutting the workpiece on both sides, there is always a clamping side plate 404 clamping next to the cutting position where the milling cutter goes, avoiding the phenomenon of side lifting or displacement of the workpiece during cutting, and improving the dimensional accuracy of sample preparation.

[0043] Finally, after the milling cutter has completely moved out along the tool groove, the cutting process on both sides of the workpiece can be completed simultaneously (two samples are formed at the same time). At this time, rotate the positioning shaft 506 to move the pull plate 505 downward and disengage it from the thread at the upper end of the positioning shaft 506 (unlocking the oil circuit). Under the elastic force of the return spring 503, the push plate 502 slides downward to the initial height. The push plates 502 in different positions of the second cylinder 5 push the corresponding second pistons 501 downward, pushing the oil in the second cylinder 5 back into the first cylinder 401 through the oil supply pipe. After the oil flows back, it pushes the first piston 402 to move outward. The first piston 402 drives the pressing side plate 404 to extend outward through the first connecting column 403. Finally, all pressing side plates 404 return to the initial position. At this time, control the movable slide 102, the cutting milling cutter mechanism 2, the cylinder lifting mechanism 3 and the cylinder positioning mechanism 301 on the fixed machine table 1 to reset, so that the processed sample can be removed and a new workpiece plate can be replaced to continue the above processing. If it is necessary to cut samples of other shapes on both sides of the workpiece (i.e., change the sample specifications), simply replace the workpiece placement template 101 so that the over-cut groove trajectory on its upper surface matches the edge shape of the target sample. During cutting, the clamping side plates 404 can still be adaptively moved to one side of the over-cut groove for clamping without additional adjustment of the clamping mechanism, thereby improving the adaptability and versatility of the equipment.

[0044] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An axial tensile sample preparation device, comprising a fixed machine base (1), a workpiece placement template (101), a movable slide (102), a cylinder lifting mechanism (3), and a cylinder positioning mechanism (301), characterized in that, Also includes: The cutting milling cutter mechanism (2) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed machine base (1) to cut the sample by moving unidirectionally according to the shape of the sample edge. The guide post (201) is set on one side of the milling cutter of the cutting milling cutter mechanism (2) to always be located at the front end of the milling cutter to apply pressure before the milling cutter cuts the plate; The multi-point clamping mechanism is set at the bottom of the output end of the cylinder lifting mechanism (3) to make the clamping point adaptively move to the edge of the sample during the milling process under the pressure of the guide column (201); The multi-point pressing mechanism includes a pressing inner plate (4) and a pressing side plate (404), and the side wall of the pressing side plate (404) is fixed with a guide plate (405) inclined toward the guide post (201).

2. The axial tensile sample preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece placement template (101) is fixedly set on the table surface of the movable slide (102), and the upper surface of the workpiece placement template (101) is symmetrically provided with through grooves, and the upper surface of the workpiece placement template (101) is symmetrically fixed with positioning blocks (103) in the middle.

3. The axial tensile sample preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder lifting mechanism (3) is fixed on the moving table of the moving slide (102), and the telescopic end of the cylinder lifting mechanism (3) is fixed to the pressing inner plate (4). The pressing inner plate (4) is located at the middle of the workpiece placement template (101). The pressing side plates (404) are symmetrically arranged at equal intervals on both sides of the pressing inner plate (4).

4. The axial tensile sample preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-point pressing mechanism also includes a first cylinder (401) respectively disposed inside the pressing inner plate (4), one end opening of the first cylinder (401) facing the corresponding pressing side plate (404), a first piston (402) is disposed inside the first cylinder (401) and slides therewith, and a first connecting column (403) is fixed between the first piston (402) and the corresponding pressing side plate (404).

5. The axial tensile sample preparation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multi-point pressing mechanism also includes a second cylinder (5) fixed to the top of the pressing inner plate (4) and corresponding to the first cylinder (401). The second cylinder (5) is provided with a second piston (501) that slides with it. The top of the second piston (501) is provided with a push plate (502) that slides with the second cylinder (5). A return spring (503) is connected between the push plate (502) and the top of the second cylinder (5). A second connecting column (504) that penetrates the top of the second cylinder (5) is fixed at the center of the top of the push plate (502). A pull plate (505) is fixed at the top of the second connecting column (504). A positioning shaft (506) that penetrates the pull plate (505) is rotatably connected to the top of the pressing inner plate (4).

6. The axial tensile sample preparation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of each of the pressing side plates (404) is provided with ball bearings, and there is an interleaved sliding structure between each pair of symmetrically arranged guide plates (405). The interleaved sliding structure includes a convex shape structure at the front end of one set of guide plates (405) and a concave shape structure at the front end of the other set of guide plates (405) that fits the convex shape structure.

7. The axial tensile sample preparation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The opening of the first cylinder (401) is provided with a limiting block on one side of the first piston (402), and the outer wall of the first piston (402) is provided with a protrusion, and the inner wall of the first cylinder (401) is provided with a sliding groove that slides with the protrusion.

8. The axial tensile sample preparation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second cylinder (5) is connected to the corresponding first cylinder (401) by an oil supply pipe. The top of the second cylinder (5) and the inside of the push plate (502) are both provided with through grooves.

9. The axial tensile sample preparation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper end of the positioning shaft (506) is threadedly connected to the pull plate (505).

10. A method for preparing an axially tensile sample using an axially tensile sample preparation apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The cylinder positioning mechanism (301) and the positioning block (103) are used to accurately place the workpiece; S2. The multi-point pressing mechanism is driven by the cylinder lifting mechanism (3) to press the workpiece; S3. The pressed workpiece is moved toward the cutting milling cutter mechanism (2) by means of the movable slide (102); S4. The workpiece is cut by the milling cutter of the cutting milling cutter mechanism (2) passing through the cutter groove; S5. Remove the machined axial tensile sample and replace the workpiece plate to repeat the machining process.

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