A device and method for gas permeation testing of a metal tube under elastic deformation

Abstract

The application provides a kind of gas permeation test equipment and method of metal pipeline under elastic deformation, belong to fusion component measurement technical field, the equipment includes mechanical loading device, deformation measuring device, heating device, upstream vacuum control system and downstream vacuum control system, and the front blind flange is connected with air pipe, the air pipe is connected with upstream end vacuum control system pipeline, the two sides of sample are connected with mechanical loading device and deformation measuring device by gradually connecting with front and rear end fixed block, front and rear end rigid rod and front and rear end blind flange, downstream is equipped with mass spectrometer to carry out data analysis detection, obtains the hydrogen isotope permeation characteristics of metal pipeline under elastic deformation.The application is suitable for hydrogen isotope permeation characteristics research of fusion reactor blanket structure material under mechanical stress environment, the device structure is simple, the detection precision is high, solves the technical problem that metal pipeline gas permeation under elastic deformation cannot be detected, has great application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fusion component measurement technology, and in particular, relates to a gas permeation testing device and method for metal pipes under elastic deformation. Background Technology

[0002] The hydrogen isotope permeation behavior of fusion reactor blanket materials directly affects the reactor's safety and economics. In engineering applications, the blanket metal pipes need to withstand coolant pressure, temperature field, and gravity, thus undergoing elastic deformation. This deformation can alter the hydrogen isotope permeation behavior. Existing gas-driven permeation tests are mostly based on static samples and cannot reflect the impact of elastic deformation under actual operating conditions. Therefore, developing a device to apply in-situ mechanical loads to metal pipes and measure gas permeation under elastic deformation is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gas permeation testing device and method for metal pipes under elastic deformation, so as to solve the problem that the existing technology cannot simulate the influence of mechanical environment on gas permeation of cladding metal pipes.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a gas permeation testing device for metal pipes under elastic deformation. The device includes a mechanical loading device, a deformation measuring device, a heating device, an upstream vacuum control system, and a downstream vacuum control system. The sample is placed inside a quartz tube of the heating device. One side of the sample is connected to a front blind flange via a front fixing block and a front rigid rod, and the other side is connected to a rear blind flange via a rear fixing block and a rear rigid rod. A corrugated pipe connects the rear blind flange to the quartz tube. The upstream vacuum control system is connected to the sample chamber via an upstream vacuum control system pipe and is used to evacuate the sample. The downstream vacuum control system is connected to the corrugated pipe via a downstream vacuum control system pipe and is used to evacuate the internal space formed by the quartz tube and the corrugated pipe. The heating device is sealed to the front and rear blind flanges via the quartz tube and is used to heat the sample. The mechanical loading device and the deformation measuring device are connected to the rear blind flange via a loading joint and are used to apply a load to the sample and cause elastic deformation, thereby performing a gas hydrogen isotope permeation test on the metal pipe under elastic deformation.

[0005] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a gas permeation test method for metal pipes under elastic deformation, used in the gas permeation test equipment for metal pipes under elastic deformation of the present invention. The method includes: placing a sample inside a quartz tube; closing the vent valve, opening the upstream vacuum control valve and the downstream vacuum control valve, and starting the upstream mechanical pump, the downstream mechanical pump, the upstream molecular pump, and the downstream molecular pump; setting the initial deformation of the sample to 0; and waiting until the internal pressure and temperature of the sample remain constant and the vacuum level of the downstream vacuum gauge is less than 10... -4 For step pa, heat the sample to the preset temperature and hold it there. Once the back-side signal remains constant, close the upstream vacuum control valve and open the vent valve connected to the vent pipe to introduce gas into the sample. When the internal pressure P1 of the sample reaches the preset pressure P0, close the vent valve. Record the data once the gas flow rate through the sample remains constant. Apply a preset stress to the sample to change its strain. The deformation measuring device measures the strain of the sample. Once the gas flow rate remains constant again, record the data. Extract the gas from the sample, shut off the tubular resistance furnace, and stop heating.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0007] The mechanical loading device and deformation measurement device in this invention adopt an AC servo speed control system with high speed regulation accuracy and stable performance and a motor as the drive system. All mechanical loading operations can be completed by mouse input on the microcomputer screen, which is simple and convenient to operate. The thermocouple is placed on the metal pipe sample and the actual temperature of the test sample can be recorded under the heating program of the tubular resistance furnace. It is suitable for the study of hydrogen isotope permeation characteristics of fusion reactor blanket structure materials after elastic deformation under mechanical stress environment. Specifically, it can directly study the influence of elastic deformation on the hydrogen isotope permeation behavior of metal pipes, filling the gap in in-situ mechanical loading permeation test in this field; (2) It can achieve vacuum sealing of the sample well, and the test sample size range is wider, with good versatility and scalability; (3) The in-situ mechanical loading device is formed by the sequential connection of the sample, the fixing block, the rigid rod, and the blind flange, which more realistically simulates the influence of the deformation behavior of fusion reactor blanket materials on hydrogen isotope permeation under actual working conditions; (4) The structure is simple, the system is more convenient to build, and it has good economic efficiency and great application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0008] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the gas permeation testing equipment for metal pipes under elastic deformation provided by the present invention.

[0010] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0011] 1. Upstream mechanical pump; 2. Upstream molecular pump; 3. Upstream vacuum control valve; 4. Upstream vacuum gauge; 5. Front blind flange; 6. Quartz tube; 7. Vent valve; 8. Tubular resistance furnace; 9. Compression fitting; 10. Front rigid rod; 11. Front fixing block; 12. Thermocouple; 13. Sample; 14. Rear fixing block; 15. Rear rigid rod; 16. Bellows; 17. Rear blind flange; 18. Downstream vacuum control valve; 19. Downstream vacuum gauge; 20. Mass spectrometer; 21. Downstream molecular pump; 22. Downstream mechanical pump; 23. Vent pipe; 24. Upstream vacuum control system piping; 25. Downstream vacuum control system piping; 26. Loading joint; 27. Mechanical loading device; 28. Deformation measuring device. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. To achieve the above objectives, this invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the gas permeation testing equipment for metal pipes under elastic deformation provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the metal pipes include cooling water pipes in the fusion reactor blanket. The device includes a mechanical loading device 27, a deformation measurement device 28, a heating device, an upstream vacuum control system, and a downstream vacuum control system, wherein:

[0014] Sample 13 is placed inside the quartz tube 6 of the heating device. One side of sample 13 is connected to the front blind flange 5 through the front fixing block 11 and the front rigid rod 10. The other side of sample 13 is connected to the rear blind flange 17 through the rear fixing block 14 and the rear rigid rod 15. Both ends of the quartz tube 6 are connected to the front blind flange 5 and the rear blind flange 17 respectively. A corrugated pipe 16 is connected between the rear blind flange 17 and the quartz tube 6.

[0015] The upstream vacuum control system is connected to the sample chamber via the upstream vacuum control system pipe 24. The sample chamber consists of a ferrule 9, a vent pipe 23, and a sample 13. It is used to evacuate the inside of the sample 13 to achieve the required vacuum level. The vent pipe 23 is sealed to the sample 13 with the ferrule 9 to ensure that all gas can enter the sample 13 during venting. The upstream vacuum gauge 4 is used to detect the vacuum level inside the sample 13.

[0016] The downstream vacuum control system is connected to the bellows 16 through the downstream vacuum control system pipe 25, and is used to evacuate the internal space composed of the quartz tube 6 and the bellows 16 to achieve the required vacuum level. The downstream vacuum gauge 19 is used to detect the vacuum level of the internal space composed of the quartz tube 6 and the bellows 16.

[0017] The heating device is sealed to the front blind flange 5 and the rear blind flange 17 via a quartz tube 6 and is used to heat the sample 13.

[0018] The mechanical loading device 27 and the deformation measuring device 28 are connected to the rear blind flange 17 via the loading joint 26. They are used to apply load to the sample 13 and cause elastic deformation of the sample 13 for gas hydrogen isotope permeation testing of the metal pipeline under elastic deformation. The mechanical loading device 27 and the deformation measuring device 28 are integrated into an electronic tensile testing machine. The electronic tensile testing machine uses an AC servo motor as a drive. The mechanical loading device 27 applies load to the sample, while the AC servo motor has a built-in displacement measurement system, which acts as the deformation measuring device 28 to measure the deformation of the sample 13.

[0019] A vent pipe 23 is connected to the upstream front blind flange 5. The vent pipe 23 is connected to a gas cylinder via a vent valve 7. The vent pipe 23 is connected to the upstream vacuum control system pipeline 24. The sample 13 passes through the front blind flange 5 and is sealed to the vent pipe 23 via a clamp 9. One side of the sample 13 is connected to the front fixing block 11. The front fixing block 11 is connected to the front blind flange 5 via a front rigid rod 10. The front blind flange 5 is sealed to the quartz tube 6 via a rubber ring. The vent pipe 23 is connected to the front blind flange 5 and is connected to the upstream vacuum control system pipeline 24. The other side of the sample 13 is connected to the rear fixing block 14. The rear fixing block 14 is connected to the rear blind flange 17 via a rear rigid rod 15. A bellows 16 is connected between the quartz tube 6 and the rear blind flange 17. The rear blind flange 17 isolates the internal space of the quartz tube 6 and the bellows 16 from the outside. The bellows 16 is connected to the downstream vacuum control system pipeline 25.

[0020] The upstream vacuum control system includes an upstream vacuum control system pipeline 24 and, sequentially, an upstream vacuum gauge 4, an upstream vacuum control valve 3, an upstream molecular pump 2, and an upstream mechanical pump 1.

[0021] The downstream vacuum control system includes a downstream vacuum control system pipeline 25 and a downstream vacuum gauge 19, a downstream vacuum control valve 18, a downstream mechanical pump 22, and a downstream molecular pump 21 connected in sequence through the downstream vacuum control system pipeline 25.

[0022] The rear blind flange 17 is connected to the mechanical loading device 27 and the deformation measuring device 28. The control systems of the mechanical loading device 27 and the deformation measuring device 28 are integrated into a microcomputer. The mechanical loading device 27 and the deformation measuring device 28 transmit the load to the rear blind flange 17 through the loading joint 26. The rear blind flange 17 transmits the load to the rear rigid rod 15. The rear rigid rod 15 transmits the load to the sample 13 through the rear fixing block 14, causing the sample 13 to undergo elastic deformation, and performing a gas hydrogen isotope permeation test on the metal pipeline under elastic deformation.

[0023] The heating device includes a quartz tube 6, a tubular resistance furnace 8, and a thermocouple 12. The entire heating device is sealed to the front blind flange 5 and the rear blind flange 17 via the quartz tube 6 with fluororubber rings, which serves to heat the sample 13 and control the temperature of the sample 13.

[0024] Quartz tube 6 is placed inside tube furnace 8, which is used to control the temperature of sample 13 inside quartz tube 6. Thermocouple 12 is in close contact with sample 13 and is used to measure the temperature of sample 13.

[0025] The gas permeation testing equipment for metal pipes under elastic deformation provided by this invention is used to measure the hydrogen isotope permeation of metal pipes constituting the cladding of a fusion device under elastic deformation. First, the sample 13 to be measured is sealed and fixed to one end of the front blind flange 5 using a clamping sleeve 9 to provide an isolation and sealing effect during measurement. The front blind flange 5 is connected to one end of the sample 13 via a front rigid rod 10 and a front fixing block 11. The other end of the sample 13 is connected to the rear blind flange 17 via a rear fixing block 14 and a rear rigid rod 15. A thermocouple 12 is in contact with the sample 13. The metal sample can be heated as needed during the experiment. The upstream vacuum control system pipe 24 is connected to the sample chamber, and the downstream vacuum control system pipe 25 is connected to the external space of the sample 13 within the quartz tube 6 and the corrugated pipe 16, forming the downstream end. The loading connector 26 is connected to the rear blind flange 17, and a load is applied to the sample 13 via a mechanical loading device 27. The elastic deformation of the sample 13 is obtained via a deformation measuring device 28. Before measurement, first close the vent valve 7 connected to the vent pipe 23, then open the upstream vacuum control valve 3 and the downstream vacuum control valve 18 to evacuate the upstream and downstream ends respectively. The vacuum level at the upstream end should be evacuated to 10. -4 pa, downstream vacuum level evacuated to 10 -5Then, the control system of the mechanical loading device 27 and the deformation measurement device 28 is turned on, and the deformation of sample 13 is set to 0. After the power of the tubular resistance furnace 8 is turned on to heat sample 13 to the preset temperature, and the temperature of sample 13 remains constant, the mass spectrometer 20 is turned on, and the background signal when no gas is injected is recorded. When the signal remains constant, the upstream vacuum control valve 3 is closed, the gas inlet valve 7 is opened, and gas is injected into sample 13. The gas pressure is detected by the upstream vacuum gauge 4. After the gas pressure reaches the preset value, the gas inlet valve 7 is closed to stop the gas injection. The downstream mass spectrometer 20 detects the gas flux that has permeated through sample 13. After the gas flux remains constant, the data is recorded. The control system of the mechanical loading device 27 and the deformation measurement device 28 is adjusted to make sample 13 undergo elastic deformation. The change in gas permeation flux is measured under the preset elastic deformation amount.

[0026] In this invention, the vacuum level of the mass spectrometer 20 during operation needs to be less than 10. -2 Both the upstream and downstream vacuum control systems include mechanical pumps and molecular pumps. The tubular resistance furnace 8 heats the sample 13 to a specified temperature according to the preset temperature value and heating rate, and the thermocouple 12 measures the temperature of the sample 13.

[0027] In this invention, the mechanical loading device 27 and the deformation measuring device 28 use an AC servo motor and an AC servo speed control system to control the loading process. The AC servo motor has a built-in displacement measuring system, which has the advantages of stability, high efficiency and low noise. The load is transmitted to the rear blind flange 17 through the loading joint 26 that is matched with the rear blind flange 17. The rear blind flange 17 transmits the load to the rear rigid rod 15 and the rear fixing block 14, and then to one end of the sample 13. The other end of the sample 13 is fixed to the front blind flange 5 through the front fixing block 11 and the front rigid rod 10. The mechanical loading device 27 loads the sample 13 and the deformation measuring device 28 controls the elastic deformation of the sample 13 to a preset deformation amount.

[0028] In this invention, the vent pipe 23 and the interior of the sample 13 constitute the upstream of the measurement, while the sealed space formed by the quartz tube 6, the bellows 16, and the blind flanges on both sides, and the exterior of the sample 13 constitute the downstream of the measurement.

[0029] This invention is used to analyze the hydrogen isotope permeation behavior of metal pipe samples in the blanket of current fusion devices and future fusion reactors under elastic deformation due to stress. Before operation, a vacuum pump group is used to evacuate the upstream and downstream ends respectively. The deformation of sample 13 is zeroed using a mechanical loading device 27 and a deformation measurement device 28. The tubular resistance furnace 8 is turned on. After the temperature of sample 13 rises to the specified temperature, the mass spectrometer 20 is turned on to detect the background signal before gas injection. The mechanical loading device 27 is used to load sample 13 to induce elastic deformation. The gas signals before and after elastic deformation are measured. After the experiment is completed, the mass spectrometer 20 and the mechanical loading device 27 are turned off, and the gas at the upstream end is extracted to maintain a vacuum. The hydrogen isotope permeation parameters of the metal pipe under elastic deformation can then be analyzed and processed.

[0030] The gas permeation device for metal pipes under elastic deformation provided by this invention is used to measure the hydrogen isotope permeation behavior of a metal pipe sample 13 constituting the cladding of a fusion device under elastic deformation under actual working conditions. It adopts a connection method between front and rear end fixing blocks and front and rear end rigid rods. One side of the metal pipe sample 13 to be measured is connected to the front blind flange 5 through the front fixing block 11 and the front rigid rod 10. The other side of the sample 13 is connected to the rear blind flange 17 through the rear fixing block 14 and the rear rigid rod 15. The rear blind flange 17 is connected to the mechanical loading device 27 and the deformation measuring device 28 through the loading joint 26. It has the advantages of in-situ loading, real-time monitoring, compact structure, and strong applicability. Samples of different sizes and shapes can be replaced as needed. A tubular resistance furnace 8 is used to heat the samples, and thermocouples 12 measure the actual temperature of the samples. A vent pipe 23 is connected to the front blind flange 5, and the vent pipe 23 is connected to the upstream vacuum control system pipeline 24. The vent pipe 23 can be connected to a gas cylinder. The upstream vacuum control system pipeline 24 includes an upstream mechanical pump 1, an upstream molecular pump 2, and an upstream vacuum gauge 4. Before measurement, the upstream and downstream ends are evacuated to 10°C. -4 pa and 10 -5 Pa, and turn on the control system of the mechanical loading device 27 and the deformation measurement device 28 to make the deformation of sample 13 zero. Then turn on the mass spectrometer 20. When the data remains unchanged, turn off the upstream vacuum pump group and the upstream vacuum control valve 3. Introduce pressurized gas into sample 13 through the gas pipe 23. Due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of sample 13, the gas will permeate sample 13 and enter the downstream end through sample 13. After the data remains unchanged, adjust the control system of the mechanical loading device 27 and the deformation measurement device 28 to measure the change of gas permeation flux of sample 13 under the preset elastic deformation. Based on the data analysis and processing of the mass spectrometer 20, the hydrogen isotope permeation parameters of the metal pipe under elastic deformation are obtained.

[0031] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a gas permeation test method for metal pipes under elastic deformation, used in the gas permeation test equipment for metal pipes under elastic deformation provided by the present invention, the method comprising:

[0032] Step S1: Place sample 13 inside quartz tube 6;

[0033] Step S2: Close the ventilation valve 7, open the upstream vacuum control valve 3 and the downstream vacuum control valve 18, turn on the upstream mechanical pump 1, the downstream mechanical pump 22, the upstream molecular pump 2, and the downstream molecular pump 21, and set the initial deformation of sample 13 to 0.

[0034] Step S3, wait until the internal pressure and temperature of sample 13 remain constant and the vacuum level of downstream vacuum gauge 19 is less than 10. -4 pa, heat sample 13 to the preset temperature and keep it warm. After the back bottom signal remains unchanged, close the upstream vacuum control valve 3 and open the vent valve 7 connected to the vent pipe 23 to fill sample 13 with gas.

[0035] Step S4: When the internal pressure P1 of sample 13 reaches the predetermined pressure P0, close the vent valve 7 and record the data after the gas flow through sample 13 remains constant.

[0036] Step S5: Apply a preset stress to sample 13 to change the strain of sample 13. The deformation measuring device 28 measures the strain of sample 13 and records the data after the gas flux remains constant again.

[0037] Step S6: Extract the gas from sample 13, turn off the tube furnace 8, and stop heating.

[0038] Specifically, in step S1, the metal pipe sample 13 is sealed to the vent pipe 23 through the ferrule 9. The sample 13 is placed inside the quartz tube 6. Both ends of the quartz tube 6 are sealed to the front blind flange 5 and the rear blind flange 17 through sealing rings, respectively. One end of the test part of the sample 13 is connected to the front blind flange 5 through the front fixing block 11 and the front rigid rod 10, and the other end is connected to the rear blind flange 17 through the rear fixing block 14 and the rear rigid rod 15. The rear blind flange 17 is connected to the mechanical loading device 27 and the deformation measuring device 28 through the loading joint 26.

[0039] In step S2, the vent valve 7 connected to the vent pipe 23 is closed, the upstream vacuum control valve 3 and the downstream vacuum control valve 18 are opened, and the upstream mechanical pump 1, the downstream mechanical pump 22, the upstream molecular pump 2, and the downstream molecular pump 21 are turned on. After the upstream vacuum gauge 4 and the downstream vacuum gauge 19 detect that the vacuum degree has reached the predetermined value, the control system of the mechanical loading device 27 and the deformation measuring device 28 is turned on, so that the initial deformation of the sample 13 is set to 0.

[0040] In step S3, the upstream vacuum gauge 4 displays the internal pressure P1 of the sample 13 at the upstream end, and the temperature T1 of the sample 13 measured by the thermocouple 12 remains unchanged for a predetermined time (the predetermined time can be, for example, 10 minutes) without any change, and the vacuum degree P2 of the downstream vacuum gauge 19 is less than 10. -4 pa, turn on the tube furnace 8, heat the sample 13 to the preset temperature T0 and keep it at that temperature for 15 minutes, turn on the mass spectrometer 20 to record the background signal, and after the background signal remains unchanged, close the upstream vacuum control valve 3, open the gas end valve 7 connected to the gas pipe 23, and pressurize the sample 13 with gas through the gas pipe 23.

[0041] In step S4, the internal pressure P1 of the upstream sample 13 is recorded by the upstream vacuum gauge 4. When the internal pressure P1 of the upstream sample 13 reaches the predetermined pressure P0, the gas inlet valve 7 is closed and the gas filling is stopped. The downstream mass spectrometer 20 detects the gas flux that has permeated through the sample 13. After the gas flux remains constant, the flux change is observed and the data is recorded.

[0042] In step S5, the control systems of the mechanical loading device 27 and the deformation measuring device 28 are adjusted. The mechanical loading device 27 applies a preset stress σ to the rear blind flange 17 through the loading joint 26. The rear blind flange 17 transmits the preset stress σ to the sample 13 through the rear rigid rod 15 and the rear fixing block 14 to change the strain ε of the sample 13. The deformation measuring device 28 ensures that the deformation of the sample 13 is within the elastic deformation range by measuring the strain ε of the sample 13 and controls the deformation amount to a certain value. The mass spectrometer 20 detects the gas flux permeating the sample 13 under elastic deformation. After the gas flux remains constant, the gas flux is recorded and the mass spectrometer 20 is turned off. The mechanical loading device 27 and the deformation measuring device 28 are also turned off.

[0043] In step S6, the upstream vacuum control valve 3 is opened to extract the gas from sample 13, and the tube furnace 8 is closed to stop heating.

[0044] The mass spectrometer 20 in this invention is selected as follows: The mass spectrometer 20 can perform qualitative and quantitative gas analysis in high vacuum and ultra-high vacuum ranges, and consists of an ion source, a mass filter, and a detector. In the ion source, electrically neutral gas molecules are ionized by electron bombardment, and then separated according to their mass-to-charge ratio in the mass filter. Downstream of the separation system, the detector measures the ion current, and the detected ion current is proportional to the partial pressure of each gas component. Calibration is performed using a calibration gas to achieve accurate quantitative gas analysis. In the gas permeation experiment of a metal pipe under elastic deformation, the gas permeation characteristics of the material are mainly studied by detecting the type and relative amount of gas permeating through the sample under elastic deformation. The model and brand of the mass spectrometer are selected according to the type of target substance to be detected. This invention does not specify a particular model or brand of mass spectrometer; it can be selected according to individual needs.

[0045] The selection of the vacuum pump unit in this invention: Under actual fusion conditions, the working gas pressure is generally low. In this invention, the vacuum level in the upstream section of the equipment is as high as possible to ensure the purity of the introduced gas, while the vacuum level in the downstream section is less than 10. -4 The vacuum pump unit primarily provides a good working background for the mass spectrometer 20 and greatly ensures the purity of the gas introduced upstream. This invention does not specify a particular model or brand of vacuum pump unit; it can be selected according to individual needs.

[0046] The selection of thermocouple 12 in this invention: Thermocouple 12 is a sensor used to measure the temperature of any specific environment or object. Its working principle is based on the thermoelectric effect, especially the Seebeck effect. When two different metallic conductors are connected at one end to form a closed circuit, the temperature difference between the working end and the cold end generates an electromotive force in the circuit. By measuring the electromotive force in the circuit and referring to the calibration table of thermocouple materials, the measured temperature can be calculated. Thermocouple 12 is used to measure the temperature signal on the surface of sample 13. This invention does not have specific requirements for the model and brand of thermocouples; they can be selected according to needs.

[0047] The selection of the tubular resistance furnace 8 in this invention: The main function of the tubular resistance furnace 8 is to heat the sample 13 to a specified temperature. This invention does not specify any particular model or brand of the tubular resistance furnace; it can be selected according to the applicant's needs.

[0048] The selection of the mechanical loading device 27 and deformation measuring device 28 in this invention: The mechanical loading device 27 and deformation measuring device 28 are mainly used to apply load to the sample and measure the elastic deformation of the sample. Since the deformation of the sample within the elastic deformation range is small, high acquisition accuracy is required for deformation measurement, and the load can be continuously applied. In this invention, the mechanical loading device 27 and deformation measuring device 28 are required to have a wide and accurate loading speed and force measurement range, and high accuracy and sensitivity in the measurement and control of load and displacement. In this invention, the mechanical loading device 27 adopts an AC servo speed regulation system with high speed regulation accuracy and stable performance, and a motor as the drive system; a specially designed synchronous toothed belt reduction system and a ball screw pair drive the moving crossbeam motion of the dynamic loading device; the control and data processing software based on database technology and using Windows as the operating platform adopts virtual instrument technology to replace the traditional digital tube and oscilloscope, realizing the screen display of loading load, load peak, crossbeam displacement, sample deformation and test curve. All loading operations can be completed on the computer screen by mouse input. In this invention, there are no requirements for the model and brand of the mechanical loading device and deformation measuring device; they can be selected according to the needs.

[0049] The optional embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0050] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0051] Furthermore, various different implementations of the present invention can be combined arbitrarily, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas permeation testing device for a metal pipe under elastic deformation, characterized in that, The device includes a mechanical loading device (27), a deformation measuring device (28), a heating device, an upstream vacuum control system, and a downstream vacuum control system, wherein: The sample (13) is placed inside the quartz tube (6) of the heating device. One side of the sample (13) is connected to the front blind flange (5) through the front fixing block (11) and the front rigid rod (10). The other side of the sample (13) is connected to the rear blind flange (17) through the rear fixing block (14) and the rear rigid rod (15). A corrugated pipe (16) is connected between the rear blind flange (17) and the quartz tube (6). The upstream vacuum control system is connected to the sample chamber through the upstream vacuum control system pipeline (24) and is used to evacuate the inside of the sample (13); The downstream vacuum control system is connected to the bellows (16) through the downstream vacuum control system pipe (25) and is used to evacuate the internal space composed of the quartz tube (6) and the bellows (16); The heating device is sealed to the front blind flange (5) and the rear blind flange (17) via a quartz tube (6) and is used to heat the sample (13). The mechanical loading device (27) and the deformation measuring device (28) are connected to the rear blind flange (17) through the loading joint (26) to apply load to the sample (13) and cause the sample (13) to undergo elastic deformation in order to conduct gas hydrogen isotope permeation test of metal pipe under elastic deformation.

2. The gas permeation testing device for a metal pipe under elastic deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vent pipe (23) is connected to the upstream front blind flange (5). The vent pipe (23) is connected to a gas cylinder through the vent valve (7). The vent pipe (23) is connected to the upstream vacuum control system pipeline (24). The sample (13) passes through the front blind flange (5) and is sealed to the vent pipe (23) through the ferrule (9).

3. The gas permeation testing device for a metal pipe under elastic deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that, One side of the sample (13) is connected to the front fixing block (11). The front fixing block (11) is connected to the front blind flange (5) through the front rigid rod (10). The front blind flange (5) is sealed to the quartz tube (6) through a rubber ring. The front blind flange (5) is connected to a vent pipe (23). The vent pipe (23) is connected to the upstream vacuum control system pipeline (24). The other side of the sample (13) is connected to the rear fixing block (14). The rear fixing block (14) is connected to the rear blind flange (17) through the rear rigid rod (15). A bellows (16) is connected between the quartz tube (6) and the rear blind flange (17). The rear blind flange (17) isolates the internal space of the quartz tube (6) and the bellows (16) from the outside. The bellows (16) is connected to the downstream vacuum control system pipeline (25).

4. The gas permeation testing device for a metal pipe under elastic deformation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upstream vacuum control system includes an upstream vacuum control system pipeline (24) and, sequentially through the upstream vacuum control system pipeline (24), an upstream vacuum gauge (4), an upstream vacuum control valve (3), an upstream molecular pump (2), and an upstream mechanical pump (1).

5. The gas permeation testing device for a metal pipe under elastic deformation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The downstream vacuum control system includes a downstream vacuum control system pipeline (25) and a downstream vacuum gauge (19), a downstream vacuum control valve (18), a downstream mechanical pump (22), and a downstream molecular pump (21) connected in sequence through the downstream vacuum control system pipeline (25).

6. The gas permeation testing device for a metal pipe under elastic deformation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rear blind flange (17) is connected to the mechanical loading device (27) and the deformation measuring device (28). The control systems of the mechanical loading device (27) and the deformation measuring device (28) are integrated into a microcomputer. The mechanical loading device (27) and the deformation measuring device (28) transmit the load to the rear blind flange (17) through the loading joint (26). The rear blind flange (17) transmits the load to the rear rigid rod (15). The rear rigid rod (15) transmits the load to the sample (13) through the rear fixing block (14) to cause the sample (13) to undergo elastic deformation.

7. The gas permeation testing device for a metal pipe under elastic deformation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The heating device includes a quartz tube (6), a tubular resistance furnace (8), and a thermocouple (12). The entire heating device is sealed to the front blind flange (5) and the rear blind flange (17) by fluororubber rings through the quartz tube (6), which serves to heat the sample (13) and control the temperature of the sample (13).

8. The gas permeation testing device for a metal pipe under elastic deformation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The quartz tube (6) is placed inside the tube-type resistance furnace (8). The tube-type resistance furnace (8) is used to control the temperature of the sample (13) inside the quartz tube (6). The thermocouple (12) is attached to the sample (13) to measure the temperature of the sample (13).

9. A method for testing the gas permeation of a metal pipe under elastic deformation, used in the gas permeation testing equipment for a metal pipe under elastic deformation as described in claim 8, characterized in that... The method includes: Place the sample (13) inside the quartz tube (6); Close the ventilation valve (7), open the upstream vacuum control valve (3) and the downstream vacuum control valve (18), turn on the upstream mechanical pump (1), the downstream mechanical pump (22), the upstream molecular pump (2), and the downstream molecular pump (21), and set the initial deformation of the sample (13) to 0; The internal pressure and temperature of the sample (13) remain constant, and the vacuum level of the downstream vacuum gauge (19) is less than 10. -4 pa, heat the sample (13) to the preset temperature and keep it warm. After the back bottom signal remains unchanged, close the upstream vacuum control valve (3), open the vent valve (7) connected to the vent pipe (23), and fill the sample (13) with gas. When the internal pressure P1 of the sample (13) reaches the predetermined pressure P0, the vent valve (7) is closed, and the data is recorded after the gas flow through the sample (13) remains constant. A preset stress is applied to the sample (13) to change the strain of the sample (13). The deformation measuring device (28) measures the strain of the sample (13) and records the data after the gas flux remains constant again. Extract the gas from the sample (13), turn off the tube furnace (8), and stop heating.

10. The gas permeation test method for metal pipes under elastic deformation according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method also includes: The metal pipe sample (13) is sealed to the vent pipe (23) through the ferrule (9). The sample (13) is placed inside the quartz tube (6). The two ends of the quartz tube (6) are sealed to the front blind flange (5) and the rear blind flange (17) through sealing rings, respectively. One end of the test part of the sample (13) is connected to the front blind flange (5) through the front fixing block (11) and the front rigid rod (10), and the other end is connected to the rear blind flange (17) through the rear fixing block (14) and the rear rigid rod (15). The rear blind flange (17) is connected to the mechanical loading device (27) and the deformation measuring device (28) through the loading joint (26). Close the ventilation valve (7) of the ventilation pipe (23), open the upstream vacuum control valve (3) and the downstream vacuum control valve (18), turn on the upstream mechanical pump (1), the downstream mechanical pump (22), the upstream molecular pump (2), and the downstream molecular pump (21), and wait for the upstream vacuum gauge (4) and the downstream vacuum gauge (19) to detect that the vacuum level has reached the predetermined value, turn on the control system of the mechanical loading device (27) and the deformation measuring device (28) to set the initial deformation of the sample (13) to 0; Wait until the upstream vacuum gauge (4) displays the internal pressure P1 of the upstream sample (13) and the temperature T1 of the sample (13) measured by the thermocouple (12) remains unchanged for a predetermined time, and the vacuum degree P2 of the downstream vacuum gauge (19) is less than 10. -4 pa, turn on the tube resistance furnace (8), heat the sample (13) to the preset temperature T0 and keep it warm for 15 minutes, turn on the mass spectrometer (20) to record the background signal, and after the background signal remains unchanged, close the upstream vacuum control valve (3), open the gas end valve (7) of the gas pipe (23) and fill the sample (13) with gas through the gas pipe (23); By observing the internal pressure P1 of the upstream sample (13) recorded by the upstream vacuum gauge (4), when the internal pressure P1 of the upstream sample (13) reaches the predetermined pressure P0, the gas inlet valve (7) is closed and the gas filling is stopped. The downstream mass spectrometer (20) detects the gas flux that has permeated through the sample (13). After the gas flux remains constant, the flux change is observed and the data is recorded. Adjust the control system of the mechanical loading device (27) and the deformation measuring device (28). The mechanical loading device (27) applies a preset stress σ to the rear blind flange (17) through the loading joint (26). The rear blind flange (17) transmits the preset stress σ to the sample (13) through the rear rigid rod (15) and the rear fixing block (14) to change the strain ε of the sample (13). The deformation measuring device (28) ensures that the deformation of the sample (13) is within the elastic deformation range by measuring the strain ε of the sample (13), and controls the deformation amount to a certain value. The mass spectrometer (20) detects the gas flux that permeates the sample (13) under elastic deformation. After the gas flux remains constant, the gas flux is recorded and the mass spectrometer (20) is turned off. The control system of the mechanical loading device (27) and the deformation measuring device (28) is turned off. Open the upstream vacuum control valve (3) to extract the gas from the sample (13), close the tube furnace (8), and stop heating.

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