A permeation resistance detection device and a permeation resistance detection method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of anti-permeation detection, and discloses an anti-permeation detection device and an anti-permeation detection method. The anti-permeation detection device comprises a detection system, a vacuumizing system and a pressurized water injection system. The detection system comprises an adsorption disc, an outer sealing ring and an inner sealing ring. The outer sealing ring and the inner sealing ring are arranged on one side of the adsorption disc, and the inner sealing ring is located on the inner side of the outer sealing ring. A sealing cavity is formed between the outer sealing ring and the inner sealing ring, and a detection cavity is formed in the area surrounded by the inner sealing ring. At least one air extraction interface which is communicated with the annular vacuum cavity, a water injection interface and an exhaust interface which are communicated with the detection cavity are arranged on the adsorption disc. The vacuumizing system is connected with the air extraction interface through a pipeline and is used for vacuumizing the annular vacuum cavity so that the adsorption disc is adsorbed on the surface of a structure to be detected. The water injection and pressurizing system is connected with the water injection interface through a pipeline and is used for injecting water into the detection cavity and pressurizing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of permeability testing, and in particular to a permeability testing device and a permeability testing method. Background Technology

[0002] In concrete structural engineering, especially in structures involving liquid storage, transportation, or impermeability barriers (such as vertical reinforced concrete bulkheads), micro-cracks on the surface after casting can directly affect the overall sealing performance and service life of the structure. Therefore, before the structure is put into use or during regular maintenance, its impermeability needs to be tested on-site to determine whether crack repair work is required.

[0003] Currently, most water resistance testing equipment on the market is designed for horizontal concrete components or for sampling concrete components, and typically uses automatic or mechanical clamping methods to fix the equipment to the object being tested. However, for concrete structures that are biased towards verticality, the equipment needs to be fixed to the concrete structure with bolts or other fasteners that can damage the concrete structure, thus causing damage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a seepage resistance testing device, which adopts the following technical solution: A seepage resistance testing device includes: a testing system, a vacuum system, and a pressurized water injection system; The inspection system includes an adsorption plate, an outer sealing ring, and an inner sealing ring; both the outer sealing ring and the inner sealing ring are disposed on one side of the adsorption plate, and the inner sealing ring is located inside the outer sealing ring; a sealing cavity is formed between the outer sealing ring and the inner sealing ring, and the area enclosed by the inner sealing ring forms an inspection cavity; The adsorption disk is provided with at least one air extraction port communicating with the annular vacuum chamber, and a water injection port and an exhaust port communicating with the test chamber; the vacuum system is connected to the air extraction port through a pipeline and is used to evacuate the annular vacuum chamber so that the adsorption disk is adsorbed onto the surface of the structure to be tested; the water injection and pressurization system is connected to the water injection port through a pipeline and is used to inject water and pressurize the test chamber.

[0005] In the above technical solution, an outer sealing ring and an inner sealing ring are used to form a sealing cavity and an inspection cavity. A vacuum system is used to evacuate the sealing cavity, allowing the adsorption plate to firmly adhere to the concrete structure surface (especially vertical structures), simultaneously sealing both the sealing cavity and the inspection cavity. This eliminates the need for drilling or destructive fixing methods, protecting structural integrity while enabling rapid assembly and disassembly. Furthermore, the pressurized water injection system can independently pressurize the inspection cavity, enabling localized testing of the impermeability of cracked areas. The solution is compact, easy to operate, and suitable for in-situ testing.

[0006] Optionally, the vacuum system includes a vacuum pump and a vacuum solenoid valve; the vacuum solenoid valve is connected between the vacuum pump and the sealed cavity; the vacuum solenoid valve has an adsorption working state and a release working state. When in the adsorption working state, the vacuum solenoid valve opens the passage between the vacuum pump and the sealed cavity, while simultaneously disconnecting the passage between the sealed cavity and the atmosphere; when in the release working state, the vacuum solenoid valve opens the passage between the sealed cavity and the atmosphere, while simultaneously disconnecting the passage between the sealed cavity and the vacuum pump.

[0007] In the above technical solution, by setting a vacuum solenoid valve with two working states, namely adsorption and release, the connection between the sealed cavity and the vacuum pump or the atmosphere can be flexibly switched. In the adsorption state, a negative pressure can be quickly established to fix the adsorption plate, and in the release state, the negative pressure can be quickly released to facilitate disassembly of the device.

[0008] Optionally, the vacuum system further includes a vacuum level detection controller, the sampling end of which is connected to the sealed cavity to monitor the vacuum level inside the sealed cavity, so as to control the start, stop and pressurization of the vacuum pump according to the vacuum level inside the sealed cavity.

[0009] In the above technical solution, by setting a vacuum level detection controller to monitor the vacuum level in the sealed cavity in real time and automatically controlling the start, stop and pressurization of the vacuum pump, the negative pressure in the sealed cavity can be stably maintained within the set range.

[0010] Optionally, the pressurized water injection system includes a pressurized water pump, a water storage tank, a control valve, and a pressure gauge set; The test chamber, the control valve, the pressurized water pump, and the water storage tank are connected in sequence; the pressure gauge set is used to monitor the pressure of the test chamber.

[0011] Optionally, the pressure gauge group includes a first pressure gauge and / or a second pressure gauge; the first pressure gauge is installed on the adsorption plate and communicates with the test chamber; the second pressure gauge is installed at the outlet of the pressurized water pump.

[0012] In the above technical solution, by installing a first pressure gauge directly connected to the test chamber on the adsorption plate and a second pressure gauge at the outlet of the pressurized water pump, the operator can obtain the actual pressure inside the test chamber and the output pressure of the water pump, respectively. By comparing the two readings, it is possible to quickly determine whether there are abnormalities such as leaks, blockages, or air locks in the pipeline, facilitating timely troubleshooting and improving the reliability of the test data and the reliability of the test process.

[0013] Optionally, the pressurized water injection system further includes an unloading overflow valve and a three-way connector; the outlet of the pressurized water pump is connected to the control valve and the unloading overflow valve respectively through the three-way connector; the outlet of the unloading overflow valve is connected to the water storage tank.

[0014] In the above technical solution, by setting an unloading overflow valve and a tee connector, the pressurized water pump can return to the water storage tank through the overflow bypass after reaching the set pressure, achieving no-load operation and avoiding pressure overshoot or equipment overheating caused by continuous pressurization of the water pump during long-term pressure holding. At the same time, the unloading overflow valve also plays a role in system overpressure protection, automatically overflowing when the pressure rises abnormally, preventing seal failure or pipeline rupture, and improving the safety and service life of the detection device.

[0015] Optionally, the adsorption plate includes an outer mounting ring, an inner mounting plate, an airbag, and a guide telescopic component; the outer mounting ring surrounds the inner mounting plate, and the airbag connects the inner periphery of the outer mounting ring and the outer periphery of the inner mounting plate; the two ends of the guide telescopic component are respectively hinged to the outer mounting ring and the inner mounting plate, and multiple guide telescopic components are provided along the circumference of the inner mounting plate; The outer sealing ring is installed on the outer mounting ring, and the inner sealing ring is installed on the inner mounting plate; the adsorption plate has a pre-positioned state and a sealed state; when in the pre-positioned state, the inner mounting plate moves relative to the outer mounting ring, so that the end face of the inner sealing ring extends beyond the end face of the outer sealing ring; when in the sealed state, the end face of the inner sealing ring is flush with the end face of the outer sealing ring.

[0016] In the above technical solution, the adsorption plate can switch between a pre-positioned state and a sealed state through the combination of an outer mounting ring, an inner mounting plate, an airbag, and a guide telescopic component. In the pre-positioned state, the end face of the inner sealing ring extends beyond the outer sealing ring, making it easy for the operator to accurately align the crack area; in the sealed state, the end faces of the inner and outer sealing rings are flush, ensuring a tight fit with the surface to be tested. The airbag ensures both sealing performance and allows relative movement between the two, while the guide telescopic component prevents radial displacement.

[0017] Optionally, the outer mounting ring is provided with a first seat, the inner mounting plate is provided with a second seat opposite to the first seat, a locking rod is slidably passed through the second seat, the first seat is provided with a locking hole for the locking rod to slide through, and the second seat is provided with an elastic element that drives the locking rod to move closer to the first seat; When the adsorption plate is in a pre-positioned state, the end of the locking rod near the first seat can abut against the side of the outer mounting ring; when the adsorption plate is in a sealed state, the locking rod can pass through the first seat under the drive of the elastic element.

[0018] In the above technical solution, when the outer mounting ring moves into place, the locking rod automatically inserts into the locking hole under the drive of the elastic element, so as to prevent the inner and outer components from being displaced relative to each other during the vacuuming or pressurization process.

[0019] Optionally, the outer sealing ring has a first inclined surface on the side facing the sealing cavity, and the inner sealing ring has a second inclined surface on the side facing the sealing cavity, with the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface approaching each other along the direction away from the airbag; When the sealed cavity is evacuated, the airbag is driven to indent into the sealed cavity, causing the airbag to simultaneously compress the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.

[0020] In the above technical solution, when the sealing cavity is evacuated, the airbag is recessed towards the sealing cavity and simultaneously squeezes the two inclined surfaces, converting the horizontal squeezing force into a clamping force perpendicular to the surface to be tested, so that the inner and outer sealing rings fit more tightly against the concrete surface, thereby improving the sealing performance of the sealing cavity and the test cavity.

[0021] Secondly, this application provides a method for detecting impermeability, which adopts the following technical solution: A method for detecting impermeability includes the following steps: S1, The adsorption plate is attached to the surface of the concrete structure to be tested, so that the end faces of the inner sealing ring and the outer sealing ring are in contact and pressed against the area to be tested, and the inner sealing ring surrounds the cracks in the area to be tested. S2, Start the vacuum system to evacuate the sealed cavity, so that the adsorption plate is fixed to the surface of the concrete structure to be tested; S3. Water is injected into the test chamber through a pressurized water injection system and pressurized. The pressure is maintained for a predetermined time, and the pressure changes in the test chamber and the surface condition of the concrete structure are observed to evaluate the impermeability of the concrete structure.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: The vacuum system evacuates the sealed cavity, allowing the adsorption plate to adhere firmly to the concrete structure surface without the need for drilling or destructive fixing methods. This is especially suitable for complex facade structures such as vertical bulkheads and walls, protecting structural integrity while enabling rapid assembly, disassembly, and multi-point switching testing. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inspection system in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the inspection system in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the inspection system in Embodiment 2 of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inspection system in Embodiment 2 of this application; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the adsorption plate, outer sealing ring, and inner sealing ring in Embodiment 3 of this application; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Adsorption plate; 2. Outer sealing ring; 3. Inner sealing ring; 4. Sealing cavity; 5. Inspection cavity; 6. Air extraction port; 7. Water injection port; 8. Exhaust port; 9. Vacuum pump; 10. Vacuum solenoid valve; 11. Vacuum degree detection controller; 12. Pressurized water pump; 13. Water storage tank; 14. Control valve; 15. Pressure gauge group; 151. First pressure gauge; 152. Second pressure gauge; 16. Unloading overflow valve; 17. T-joint; 18. Outer mounting ring; 19. Inner mounting plate; 20. Airbag; 21. Guide telescopic component; 211. Sleeve; 212. Sliding rod; 22. First seat; 23. Second seat; 24. Locking rod; 25. Elastic component; 26. First inclined surface; 27. Second inclined surface; 28. Guide inclined surface. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 7 This application will be described in further detail.

[0025] Example 1:

[0026] This application discloses a permeability testing device. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The impermeability testing device includes an inspection system, a vacuum system, and a pressurized water injection system. The inspection system contacts the surface of the structure to be tested, forming a testing space. The vacuum system allows the device to adhere to the surface of the structure. The pressurized water injection system injects water into the testing space to pressurize it, thereby testing the impermeability of the concrete structure. In this embodiment, the device is used to test a vertical concrete bulkhead.

[0027] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3Specifically, the inspection system includes an adsorption plate 1, an outer sealing ring 2, and an inner sealing ring 3. In this embodiment, the adsorption plate 1 has a rigid disc-shaped structure with reinforcing ribs on the back, and can be made of metal, such as stainless steel, which has certain strength and corrosion resistance. The outer sealing ring 2 and the inner sealing ring 3 are made of EPDM wear-resistant sealing strips, which have good sealing performance and wear resistance. Both the outer sealing ring 2 and the inner sealing ring 3 are located on one side of the adsorption plate 1, with the inner sealing ring 3 located inside the outer sealing ring 2. The outer sealing ring 2 and the inner sealing ring 3 can be installed by fixing mounting rails on the surface of the adsorption plate 1 and embedding the outer sealing ring 2 and the inner sealing ring 3 into the corresponding mounting rails.

[0028] An annular sealing cavity 4, connected end-to-end, is formed between the outer sealing ring 2 and the inner sealing ring 3. The area enclosed by the inner sealing ring 3 forms the inspection cavity 5. The adsorption plate 1 is provided with at least one air extraction port 6 communicating with the sealing cavity 4, and a water injection port 7 and an exhaust port 8 communicating with the inspection cavity 5. The air extraction port 6 is used to connect to a vacuum system, the water injection port 7 is used to connect to a pressurized water injection system, and the exhaust port 8 is used to expel air from the inspection cavity 5 during water injection. In this embodiment, there is one air extraction port 6; in other embodiments, multiple ports may be provided circumferentially along the sealing cavity 4.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 The vacuum system includes a vacuum pump 9, a vacuum solenoid valve 10, and a vacuum level detection controller 11. The vacuum solenoid valve 10 is connected between the vacuum pump 9 and the sealed cavity 4 via a high-pressure gas pipeline, and is used to control the on / off state and airflow direction of the entire gas path. The vacuum solenoid valve 10 has two stable operating states: adsorption and release. When the vacuum solenoid valve 10 is in the adsorption state, its internal valve port reverses the flow of gas between the vacuum pump 9 and the sealed cavity 4, while simultaneously disconnecting the sealed cavity 4 from the outside atmosphere. At this time, starting the vacuum pump 9 continuously evacuates the sealed cavity 4, creating a stable negative pressure within the sealed cavity 4, thus fixing the adsorption plate 1 onto the surface to be measured. When the vacuum solenoid valve 10 is in the released working state, its internal valve port reverses the flow between the sealed cavity 4 and the outside atmosphere, while simultaneously disconnecting the flow between the sealed cavity 4 and the vacuum pump 9. At this time, outside air can quickly enter the sealed cavity 4, instantly relieving the negative pressure environment of the sealed cavity 4. The operator can easily remove the adsorption plate 1 from the surface to be tested, realizing rapid switching of the detection point and greatly improving the efficiency of large-area concrete structure inspection operations. When the power is suddenly interrupted, the vacuum solenoid valve 10 maintains its current state.

[0030] The sampling end (not shown in the figure) of the vacuum level detection controller 11 extends into the sealed cavity 4 and maintains continuous communication with it, enabling real-time monitoring of the vacuum level within the sealed cavity 4. The vacuum level detection controller 11 is also electrically connected to the control circuit of the vacuum pump 9, allowing it to automatically control the start-up, shutdown, and pressurization of the vacuum pump 9 based on the real-time vacuum level within the sealed cavity 4. Specifically, in practical applications, operators can preset the vacuum level shutdown threshold and pressurization threshold in the vacuum level detection controller 11. When the vacuum level within the sealed cavity 4 reaches the preset shutdown threshold (e.g., -0.08 MPa, corresponding to a vacuum level of 80%), the vacuum level detection controller 11 will send a shutdown signal to the vacuum pump 9, controlling the vacuum pump 9 to automatically stop operation. This avoids energy waste and equipment wear caused by continuous idling of the vacuum pump 9, extending the equipment's service life. When the vacuum level in the sealed cavity 4 drops to the preset pressure replenishment threshold (e.g., -0.06MPa) due to minor leakage at the sealing surface or slight air seepage at the pipe joint, the vacuum level detection controller 11 will automatically send a start signal to control the vacuum pump 9 to start again to replenish the pressure in the sealed cavity 4, thereby keeping the vacuum level in the sealed cavity 4 within the set safe range and improving the reliability of the adsorption force between the adsorption plate 1 and the surface to be tested.

[0031] Among them, the vacuum pump 9 is a common existing structure, the vacuum solenoid valve 10 is a three-way solenoid valve, and the vacuum degree detection controller 11 is a pressure relay. The specific structure will not be described in detail here.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 The pressurized water injection system includes a pressurized water pump 12, a water storage tank 13, a control valve 14, and a pressure gauge set 15. The test chamber 5, control valve 14, pressurized water pump 12, and water storage tank 13 are sequentially and sealed together via water supply pipelines and quick-connect fittings, forming a complete main water injection and pressurization pathway. The water storage tank 13 stores clean water for testing, providing a continuous water source for the testing process. The tank also contains a level gauge to monitor the remaining water level. The pressurized water pump 12 provides stable pressurization power for the testing water, meeting the accuracy requirements of gradual pressurization during the testing process. The control valve 14 controls the opening and closing of the water injection pathway and finely adjusts the water pressure, achieving precise control of the testing water pressure. The pressure gauge set 15 monitors the water pressure in the test chamber 5 in real time, providing accurate pressure data support for the anti-seepage testing process.

[0033] The pressure gauge group 15 can be configured with only the first pressure gauge 151, only the second pressure gauge 152, or both, depending on actual usage requirements. The first pressure gauge 151 is installed on the pipe mounting surface of the adsorption plate 1 and is directly connected to the inspection chamber 5 through a through-hole in the adsorption plate 1, enabling direct acquisition of real-time water pressure within the inspection chamber 5. The second pressure gauge 152 is installed at the outlet of the booster pump 12 to monitor its real-time output pressure. By comparing the readings of the first and second pressure gauges, operators can quickly determine whether there are any abnormalities such as leaks, blockages, or air resistance in the water supply pipeline, further improving the reliability of the testing process.

[0034] Furthermore, the pressurized water injection system is also equipped with an unloading overflow valve 16 and a three-way connector 17. The outlet of the pressurized water pump 12 is connected to the inlet of the control valve 14 and the inlet of the unloading overflow valve 16 through the three-way connector 17, and the outlet of the unloading overflow valve 16 is connected to the water storage tank 13 through the return water pipeline, thus forming an unloading overflow bypass independent of the main pressurized passage.

[0035] During the testing operation, once the operator adjusts the water pressure in the test chamber 5 to the target test pressure using the control valve 14, the opening of the control valve 14 can be locked. At this time, the water output from the pressurized water pump 12 will overflow back into the water storage tank 13 through the unloading overflow valve 16, which has reached the opening pressure. This keeps the pressurized water pump 12 in a low-pressure overflow state without load, and it will not continue to pressurize the test chamber 5. The closed test chamber 5 can stably maintain the set test pressure, meeting the requirements for long-term pressure maintenance during the anti-permeability test, avoiding pressure overshoot and fluctuations. While ensuring the testing accuracy, it significantly reduces the operating load of the pressurized water pump 12 and extends the service life of the pump. Meanwhile, the unloading overflow valve 16 can also play the role of system overpressure protection. When the water pressure in the water supply pipeline exceeds the set safety threshold due to operational errors, control valve 14 jamming or other reasons, the unloading overflow valve 16 will automatically open to overflow, limiting the maximum system pressure within a safe range, avoiding safety accidents such as sealing ring failure and pipeline rupture caused by excessive water pressure, and improving the safety of device operation.

[0036] It should be noted that a one-way vent valve (not shown in the figure) is installed on the vent port 8 on the adsorption plate 1. In the initial stage of filling water into the test chamber 5, the vent valve is in the open state. As the water level in the test chamber 5 continues to rise, the air in the chamber will be continuously discharged to the outside through the vent valve, so as to avoid the formation of air resistance in the test chamber 5 and affect the accurate control of water pressure. When the water without air bubbles flows out continuously from the vent valve, it means that the air in the test chamber 5 has been completely discharged. At this time, the vent valve can be closed and the formal pressure test stage can be entered, which further improves the pressure stability and data accuracy of the test process.

[0037] It should also be noted that, in order to improve the ease of movement of the adsorption plate 1, the air pipe and water pipe in the anti-permeability testing device are made of flexible tubing.

[0038] This application also provides a method for detecting impermeability, including the following steps: S1. Check that all components of the device are securely connected and that the quick-connect fittings are firmly inserted and locked. Connect the power supply and insert the power plugs of the vacuum pump 9 and the pressurized water pump 12 into the designated sockets. Start the vacuum pump 9 and observe the vacuum level display. If the vacuum percentage continues to rise and the running sound is uniform and without abnormal noise, the motor rotation direction is correct. If the vacuum level does not change and the sound is abnormal, stop the machine immediately and adjust the motor phase sequence.

[0039] S2. Clean the surface of the concrete bulkhead to be tested, removing dust, debris, and protruding particles from the testing area. Place the adsorption plate 1 flat against the testing location, ensuring that both the outer sealing ring 2 and the inner sealing ring 3 are in close contact with the bulkhead surface. Press the adsorption button; the vacuum solenoid valve 10 switches to adsorption mode, and the vacuum pump 9 automatically starts to evacuate the sealing chamber 4. When the vacuum level in the sealing chamber 4 reaches -0.08 MPa (corresponding to a vacuum level of 80%), the vacuum level detection controller 11 controls the vacuum pump 9 to automatically stop, and the equipment status indicator light changes from red to green, indicating that the adsorption plate 1 has been firmly adsorbed onto the bulkhead surface.

[0040] S3, connect the pressurized water injection system to the water injection interface 7 of the adsorption plate 1, and open the vent valve at the vent interface 8; start the pressurized water pump 12 to slowly inject water into the test chamber 5. As the water level rises, the air in the test chamber 5 is continuously discharged through the vent valve. When a stream of water without bubbles continuously flows out of the vent valve, it indicates that the air in the test chamber 5 has been completely discharged. Close the vent valve and prepare to enter the pressurization stage.

[0041] S4. Slowly adjust the opening of control valve 14, gradually increasing the water pressure in test chamber 5 in increments of 0.01 MPa. Stabilize for 30 seconds after each increment, observing pressure changes and sealing conditions. When the water pressure reaches the target test pressure (maximum 0.3 MPa), lock the locking plate of control valve 14 to fix the valve opening. At this time, the water output from pressurized water pump 12 flows back to water storage tank 13 through unloading overflow valve 16, and the system enters a stable pressure holding state. The pressure holding time is set to 30 minutes.

[0042] S5. During the pressure holding period, continuously observe the readings of the first pressure gauge 151 and the second pressure gauge 152, and at the same time check the surface condition of the bulkhead detection area. If the pressure gauge readings do not drop significantly within 30 minutes (pressure drop ≤ 0.01 MPa) and there are no signs of water seepage or leakage on the bulkhead surface, the impermeability of the area is deemed to be qualified. If the pressure drops significantly or water seepage appears on the bulkhead surface, immediately mark the location of the defect, and determine that the impermeability is unqualified, requiring subsequent crack repair work.

[0043] S6. After the pressure holding period ends, slowly open the pressure relief valve to release the water pressure in the test chamber 5. After the pressure gauge reading returns to zero, turn off the pressurizing water pump 12. Press the release button, and the vacuum solenoid valve 10 switches to the release working state. Outside air quickly enters the sealing chamber 4, releasing the negative pressure adsorption. Remove the adsorption plate 1. Disconnect the quick connectors between the air and water lines, start the pressurizing water pump 12 and run it idle for 30-60 seconds to drain any residual water stains from the pump and pipeline. Turn off the main power supply, clean the adsorption plate 1 and the surface of the sealing ring, and store the device in the dedicated protective box.

[0044] Example 2:

[0045] The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiments is that the structure of the adsorption disk 1 is different.

[0046] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 Specifically, in this embodiment, the adsorption plate 1 includes an outer mounting ring 18, an inner mounting plate 19, an airbag 20, and a guide telescopic component 21. The outer mounting ring 18 surrounds the outer side of the inner mounting plate 19. The airbag 20 is simultaneously fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the outer mounting ring 18 and the outer peripheral wall of the inner mounting plate 19, thereby forming a flexible connection structure between the outer mounting ring 18 and the inner mounting plate 19. This allows the outer mounting ring 18 and the inner mounting plate 19 to move axially relative to each other, while the airbag 20 can completely seal the gap between the outer mounting ring 18 and the inner mounting plate 19, ensuring the airtightness of the sealing cavity 4. The airbag 20 has a clearance opening for components such as the air pipe and the vacuum detection controller 11 acquisition head in the vacuum system, allowing these components to enter the sealing cavity 4, while maintaining a seal between the airbag 20 and these components.

[0047] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 6The two ends of the guide telescopic component 21 are respectively hinged to the outer mounting ring 18 and the inner mounting plate 19. Multiple guide telescopic components 21 are spaced apart along the circumference of the inner mounting plate 19, providing stable guidance and limiting for the movement of the inner mounting plate 19 relative to the outer mounting ring 18. This prevents radial displacement between the outer mounting ring 18 and the inner mounting plate 19 during relative movement, improving the accuracy of position adjustment. Specifically, each guide telescopic component 21 includes a sleeve 211 and a sliding rod 212. One end of the sliding rod 212 slides linearly within the sleeve 211, while the ends of the sleeve 211 and the sliding rod 212, which are far apart from each other, are respectively hinged to the inner mounting plate 19 and the outer mounting ring 18.

[0048] Reference Figure 5 The outer sealing ring 2 is fixedly installed on the side of the outer mounting ring 18 facing the surface to be tested, and the inner sealing ring 3 is fixedly installed on the side of the inner mounting plate 19 facing the surface to be tested. The entire adsorption plate 1 has a pre-positioned state and a sealed state. In the pre-positioned state, the inner mounting plate 19 can move relative to the outer mounting ring 18 towards the surface to be tested, so that the end face of the inner sealing ring 3 extends beyond the end face of the outer sealing ring 2. At this time, the operator can clearly observe the enclosure range of the inner sealing ring 3, which makes it easier to align the inner sealing ring 3 with and enclose the fine cracks to be tested on the bulkhead, reducing the crack alignment deviation caused by the obstruction of the outer sealing ring 2, and ensuring that the crack area to be tested is completely within the inspection chamber 5, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0049] Once the inner sealing ring 3 is precisely aligned with the crack to be tested, the adsorption plate 1 can be adjusted to a sealed state. At this time, the outer mounting ring 18 moves relative to the inner mounting plate 19 towards the surface to be tested, so that the end face of the inner sealing ring 3 is flush with the end face of the outer sealing ring 2. The two are tightly attached to the surface of the concrete structure to be tested, forming a complete and closed sealing cavity 4 and inspection cavity 5. Then, the vacuum adsorption and pressure testing operation can be started.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 6 To improve the stable locking of the adsorption plate 1 in the pre-positioned and sealed state, a first seat 22 is fixedly provided on the side of the outer mounting ring 18 facing away from the sealing cavity 4, and a second seat 23 is fixedly provided on the side of the inner mounting plate 19 facing away from the sealing cavity 4, opposite to the position of the first seat 22. A locking rod 24 is slidably passed through the second seat 23 along the radial direction of the inner mounting plate 19. A locking hole is opened on the first seat 22 for the locking rod 24 to slide through. An elastic element 25 is also provided on the second seat 23. The two ends of the elastic element 25 are respectively connected to the second seat 23 and the locking rod 24, and can continuously apply a driving force to the locking rod 24 in the direction of the first seat 22. The end of the locking rod 24 that is used to pass through the first seat 22 has a guide slope 28. The guide slope 28 is located on the side of the locking rod 24 near the airbag 20 and extends away from the elastic element 25 in the direction away from the airbag 20, so as to guide the locking rod 24 to pass through the first seat 22.

[0051] When the adsorption plate 1 is in the pre-positioned state, the end of the locking rod 24 near the first seat 22 abuts against the inner circumferential surface of the outer mounting ring 18. At this time, the elastic element 25 is in a compressed energy storage state, and the inner mounting plate 19 can freely adjust its position relative to the outer mounting ring 18. The elastic element 25 provides a resisting force to the locking rod 24 so that the inner mounting plate 19 needs to overcome a certain resistance when it moves relative to the outer mounting ring 18, so as to improve the stability after the position adjustment.

[0052] When the adsorption plate 1 is adjusted to the sealed state, the locking hole on the first seat 22 is aligned with the locking rod 24 on the second seat 23. Under the elastic force of the elastic element 25, the locking rod 24 automatically passes through the locking hole on the first seat 22, thereby locking the relative position between the outer mounting ring 18 and the inner mounting plate 19, so that the adsorption plate 1 is stably kept in the sealed state.

[0053] This application also provides a method for detecting impermeability, including the following steps: S1 is the same as S1 in Example 1.

[0054] S2, After cleaning the surface of the chamber wall to be tested, adjust the adsorption plate 1, pull the locking rod 24 outward to release the locking state between the outer mounting ring 18 and the inner mounting plate 19, push the inner mounting plate 19 out of the outer mounting ring 18 so that the end face of the inner sealing ring 3 exceeds the end face of the outer sealing ring 2. At this time, the adsorption plate 1 is in the pre-positioned state. Then, the adsorption plate 1 is attached to the area to be tested through the inner sealing ring 3. Adjust the overall position of the adsorption plate 1, observe the enclosure range of the inner sealing ring 3, align the inner sealing ring 3 with and completely enclose the fine cracks to be tested on the chamber wall, so that the cracks are all within the range of the inspection chamber 5.

[0055] Then, keeping the inner mounting plate 19 stationary, press the outer mounting ring 18 towards the bulkhead, causing the outer mounting ring 18 to move relative to the inner mounting plate 19 until the end face of the outer sealing ring 2 is flush with the end face of the inner sealing ring 3, and the two are simultaneously and tightly attached to the surface of the bulkhead. At this time, the adsorption plate 1 switches to the sealed state. When the outer mounting ring 18 moves into place, the locking hole on the first seat 22 is aligned with the locking rod 24 on the second seat 23. The locking rod 24 automatically passes into the locking hole under the elastic force of the elastic element 25, completing the relative position locking of the outer mounting ring 18 and the inner mounting plate 19, preventing displacement during subsequent vacuuming and pressurization.

[0056] Then press the adsorption button, the vacuum solenoid valve 10 switches to the adsorption working state, and the vacuum pump 9 automatically starts to evacuate the sealed cavity 4; when the vacuum degree in the sealed cavity 4 reaches -0.08MPa (corresponding to a vacuum degree of 80%), the vacuum degree detection controller 11 controls the vacuum pump 9 to stop automatically, and the equipment status indicator light changes from red to green, indicating that the adsorption plate 1 has been firmly adsorbed on the surface of the chamber wall.

[0057] S3 to S6 are the same as S3 to S6 in Example 1.

[0058] Example 3:

[0059] This embodiment is a further improvement on embodiment two.

[0060] Reference Figure 7 Specifically, the outer sealing ring 2 has a first inclined surface 26 on the side facing the sealing cavity 4 along its own circumference, and the inner sealing ring 3 has a second inclined surface 27 on the side facing the sealing cavity 4 along its own circumference. The first inclined surface 26 and the second inclined surface 27 approach each other in the direction away from the airbag 20, so that the two inclined surfaces form a wedge-shaped structure that tapers towards the surface of the concrete structure to be tested. When a vacuum is applied to the sealing cavity 4, a negative pressure environment is created inside the sealing cavity 4. The external atmospheric pressure will compress the airbag 20, causing the airbag 20 to deform in the direction of the sealing cavity 4. The deformed airbag 20 will simultaneously compress the first inclined surface 26 of the outer sealing ring 2 and the second inclined surface 27 of the inner sealing ring 3. Through the force decomposition effect of the inclined surfaces, the horizontal compressive force of the airbag 20 is converted into a vertical pressing force towards the surface to be tested, so that the outer sealing ring 2 and the inner sealing ring 3 are more tightly attached to the concrete structure surface, improving the sealing performance of the sealing cavity 4 and the test cavity 5, and making it less likely for water leakage or pressure drop to occur during high-pressure testing.

[0061] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A permeability testing device, characterized in that, include: Inspection system, vacuum system, and pressurized water injection system; The inspection system includes an adsorption plate, an outer sealing ring, and an inner sealing ring; both the outer sealing ring and the inner sealing ring are disposed on one side of the adsorption plate, and the inner sealing ring is located inside the outer sealing ring; a sealing cavity is formed between the outer sealing ring and the inner sealing ring, and the area enclosed by the inner sealing ring forms an inspection cavity; The adsorption plate is provided with at least one air extraction port that communicates with the annular vacuum chamber, as well as a water injection port and an exhaust port that communicate with the inspection chamber. The vacuum system is connected to the air extraction port via a pipeline and is used to evacuate the annular vacuum chamber so that the adsorption disk is adsorbed onto the surface of the structure to be tested; the water injection and pressurization system is connected to the water injection port via a pipeline and is used to inject water and pressurize the test chamber.

2. The anti-permeability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum system includes a vacuum pump and a vacuum solenoid valve; the vacuum solenoid valve is connected between the vacuum pump and the sealed cavity; the vacuum solenoid valve has an adsorption working state and a release working state; When in the adsorption working state, the vacuum solenoid valve opens the passage between the vacuum pump and the sealed cavity, while simultaneously disconnecting the passage between the sealed cavity and the atmosphere; when in the release working state, the vacuum solenoid valve opens the passage between the sealed cavity and the atmosphere, while simultaneously disconnecting the passage between the sealed cavity and the vacuum pump.

3. The anti-permeability testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vacuum system also includes a vacuum level detection controller. The sampling end of the vacuum level detection controller is connected to the sealed cavity and is used to monitor the vacuum level in the sealed cavity so as to control the start, stop and pressure replenishment of the vacuum pump according to the vacuum level in the sealed cavity.

4. The anti-permeability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurized water injection system includes a pressurized water pump, a water storage tank, control valves, and a pressure gauge set; The test chamber, the control valve, the pressurized water pump, and the water storage tank are connected in sequence; the pressure gauge set is used to monitor the pressure of the test chamber.

5. The anti-permeability testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure gauge assembly includes a first pressure gauge and / or a second pressure gauge; the first pressure gauge is installed on the adsorption plate and communicates with the test chamber; the second pressure gauge is installed at the outlet of the pressurized water pump.

6. The anti-permeability testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressurized water injection system also includes an unloading overflow valve and a three-way connector; the outlet of the pressurized water pump is connected to the control valve and the unloading overflow valve respectively through the three-way connector; the outlet of the unloading overflow valve is connected to the water storage tank.

7. The anti-permeability testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption plate includes an outer mounting ring, an inner mounting plate, an airbag, and a guide telescopic component; the outer mounting ring surrounds the inner mounting plate, and the airbag connects the inner circumference of the outer mounting ring and the outer circumference of the inner mounting plate; the two ends of the guide telescopic component are respectively hinged to the outer mounting ring and the inner mounting plate, and multiple guide telescopic components are arranged along the circumference of the inner mounting plate. The outer sealing ring is installed on the outer mounting ring, and the inner sealing ring is installed on the inner mounting plate; the adsorption plate has a pre-positioned state and a sealed state; when in the pre-positioned state, the inner mounting plate moves relative to the outer mounting ring, so that the end face of the inner sealing ring extends beyond the end face of the outer sealing ring; when in the sealed state, the end face of the inner sealing ring is flush with the end face of the outer sealing ring.

8. The anti-permeability testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer mounting ring is provided with a first seat, and the inner mounting plate is provided with a second seat opposite to the first seat. A locking rod is slidably passed through the second seat. The first seat has a locking hole for the locking rod to slide through, and the second seat is provided with an elastic element that drives the locking rod to move closer to the first seat. When the adsorption plate is in a pre-positioned state, the end of the locking rod near the first seat can abut against the side of the outer mounting ring; when the adsorption plate is in a sealed state, the locking rod can pass through the first seat under the drive of the elastic element.

9. The anti-permeability testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer sealing ring has a first inclined surface on the side facing the sealing cavity, and the inner sealing ring has a second inclined surface on the side facing the sealing cavity. The first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are close to each other in the direction away from the airbag. When the sealed cavity is evacuated, the airbag is driven to indent into the sealed cavity, causing the airbag to simultaneously compress the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.

10. A method for detecting impermeability, characterized in that, The permeability testing device according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1, The adsorption plate is attached to the surface of the concrete structure to be tested, so that the end faces of the inner sealing ring and the outer sealing ring are in contact and pressed against the area to be tested, and the inner sealing ring surrounds the cracks in the area to be tested. S2, Start the vacuum system to evacuate the sealed cavity, so that the adsorption plate is fixed to the surface of the concrete structure to be tested; S3. Water is injected into the test chamber through a pressurized water injection system and pressurized. The pressure is maintained for a predetermined time, and the pressure changes in the test chamber and the surface condition of the concrete structure are observed to evaluate the impermeability of the concrete structure.

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