A device for detecting the quality of a blast hole based on laser

Abstract

The application discloses a device for detecting blast hole quality based on laser, and belongs to the field of engineering blasting. The device comprises a conical shell, a cover plate, a display screen, a bubble level, a fixing block, a laser emitter, a rotating assembly and a collection and adjustment assembly. The display screen and the bubble level cover plate are fixedly connected to the large end of the conical shell, and the fixing block is fixedly connected to the laser emitter. The rotating assembly is composed of a toothed disc, an annular limiting block, a servo motor, a gear 1 and a connecting rod, is installed between the fixing block and the conical shell, and drives the collection and adjustment assembly to horizontally rotate. The collection and adjustment assembly comprises a connecting plate, a motor, a rotating shaft, a gear 2, a hinged rod and a CMOS camera, and the hinged rod is driven to swing and adjust the angle of the CMOS camera through gear transmission. The device is quickly leveled through the bubble level, three-dimensional scanning of the inner wall of the blast hole is realized by using the rotating and pitching mechanism, the problems of low efficiency and poor adaptability of traditional detection methods are solved, and the device has the advantages of high precision, digitization and visualization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering blasting, specifically to a device for detecting the quality of blast holes based on laser technology. Background Technology

[0002] In drill-and-blast construction methods such as mining and tunneling, the drilling quality of blast holes directly affects the charge structure, blasting effect, construction safety, and cost. Traditional blast hole quality inspection methods have many limitations. For example, manual methods using measuring ropes and calipers are inefficient, produce coarse data, and cannot obtain the three-dimensional morphology of the inner wall; ultrasonic testing methods suffer from severe signal attenuation in the harsh environment of the borehole filled with dust and moisture, making it difficult to guarantee accuracy, and the probe size is poorly adapted to small-diameter blast holes; mechanical insertion testing devices are cumbersome to operate, prone to wear, and may cause secondary damage to soft borehole walls.

[0003] Furthermore, ensuring precise alignment between the scanning head axis and the borehole axis is a crucial prerequisite for guaranteeing the accuracy of the scanning data. Existing technologies either lack efficient alignment mechanisms or employ complex and inconvenient mechanisms, making it difficult to quickly complete positioning in narrow and harsh construction sites. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a device for detecting the quality of boreholes based on laser.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A device for detecting borehole quality based on laser technology includes a conical shell, a cover plate, a display screen, a level bubble, a fixing block, a laser emitter, a rotating assembly, and a data acquisition and adjustment assembly.

[0007] A cover plate is fixedly connected to the large-diameter end of the conical shell, forming a closed cavity at the top. A display screen is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the cover plate for human-computer interaction and data display. A fixing block is fixedly connected to the small-diameter end of the conical shell. A laser emitter is connected to the upper end of the fixing block. Four pairs of level bubbles are fixedly connected around the upper end face of the cover plate for rapid on-site calibration of the device's level.

[0008] The rotating assembly is connected to the conical shell and located in the upper part of the internal space of the conical shell. The acquisition and adjustment assembly is connected below the rotating assembly and located outside the conical shell, and is driven by the rotating assembly to rotate horizontally.

[0009] Specifically, the rotating assembly includes a geared disc, an annular limiting block, a servo motor 2, a gear 1, and a connecting rod. An annular limiting block is coaxially fixedly connected to the upper end face of the geared disc. An annular groove is formed on the lower end face of the fixed block, and the annular limiting block engages in this groove and can slide along it, thereby achieving coaxial rotational support of the geared disc relative to the fixed block. Gear 1 is fixedly connected to the drive end of the servo motor 2. The upper end of gear 1 is rotatably connected to the lower end face of the fixed block via a bearing, and gear 1 meshes with the outer or inner edge teeth of the geared disc. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the fixed block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the housing of the servo motor 2, used to fix the motor and provide reaction force support. When the servo motor 2 operates, it drives gear 1 to rotate, thereby driving the meshing geared disc and the entire acquisition and adjustment assembly to rotate precisely 360 degrees.

[0010] Specifically, the acquisition and adjustment assembly includes a connecting plate, a motor, a rotating shaft, gears 2, a hinge rod, a CMOS camera, and gears 3. The upper ends of the two connecting plates are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the lower end face of the gear disk, forming a suspended support. The motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of one of the connecting plates, and its drive end is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is mounted between the two connecting plates. The two gears 2 are symmetrically and fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft. The CMOS camera is hinged to the lower outer side of the two connecting plates via a hinge rod; that is, both ends of the hinge rod are connected to the lower end of the connecting plate through a hinge shaft, allowing the CMOS camera to tilt and swing within a certain angle range around the hinge shaft. The two gears 3 are symmetrically and fixedly mounted on the hinge rod, and each gear 3 corresponds one-to-one with and meshes with the two gears 2, forming a precise gear transmission pair. When the motor drives the shaft to rotate, it drives the two gears 2 to rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the two gears 3 to rotate. Since the gears 3 are fixed on the hinge rod, the rotation of the gears 3 will be converted into the pitch angle swing of the hinge rod around the hinge axis.

[0011] Furthermore, the conical shell is fitted with a sleeve on its outer side, which is suitable for larger diameter boreholes.

[0012] The advantages of this invention compared to existing technologies are:

[0013] 1. This invention utilizes a conical shell design to facilitate the device's smooth entry into the borehole and protect the internal mechanisms. A servo motor 2 drives the rotating assembly, enabling 360-degree circumferential scanning of the laser emitter within the borehole's horizontal plane. A motor-driven acquisition and adjustment assembly allows for precise adjustment of the laser emitter's elevation angle. The combination of these two features ensures that the laser measurement points cover most of the borehole's inner wall, providing a complete data foundation for high-precision 3D reconstruction.

[0014] 2. The device top cover is equipped with 4 pairs of leveling bubbles, which can quickly and intuitively adjust the entire device to a horizontal state before measurement, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement coordinate system benchmark and fundamentally eliminating the measurement errors in depth and verticality caused by device tilt.

[0015] 3. Both the rotation and elevation adjustment mechanisms employ servo motors in conjunction with gears or direct drive, ensuring high control precision. The entire probe has a compact structure, suitable for boreholes of different diameters.

[0016] 4. The top display screen allows for parameter setting and control command issuance, and can display measurement data, two-dimensional contours, or three-dimensional reconstructed images in real time, realizing the digitization and visualization of the detection process and effectively improving detection efficiency and the reliability of results. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional illustration of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional illustration of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the rotating component and the acquisition and adjustment component of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the rotating component of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the acquisition and adjustment component of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sleeve assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the sleeve of the present invention.

[0024] As shown in the figure: 1. Conical shell; 2. Cover plate; 3. Display screen; 4. Level bubble; 5. Fixing block; 6. Laser emitter; 7. Rotating assembly; 701. Gear disk; 702. Annular limit block; 703. Servo motor 2; 704. Gear 1; 705. Connecting rod; 8. Acquisition and adjustment assembly; 801. Connecting plate; 802. Motor; 803. Rotating shaft; 804. Gear 2; 805. Hinge rod; 806. CMOS camera; 807. Gear 3; 9. Sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Identical components are indicated by the same reference numerals.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms “front,” “back,” “left,” “right,” “up,” and “down” used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, while the terms “inner” and “outer” refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0027] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a device for laser-based detection of borehole quality, wherein the core functional components are all housed or connected within a conical shell 1. The large end of the conical shell 1 is at the top, and the small end is at the bottom. Its streamlined conical surface helps guide the device smoothly into the borehole and reduces scratching against the borehole wall. A circular cover plate 2 is fixed to the large-diameter end of the conical shell 1 by welding or bolting, forming a relatively sealed space inside the shell to protect the internal circuitry and mechanical components from dust and moisture corrosion. A display screen 3 is mounted at the center of the upper surface of the cover plate 2. This display screen 3 is a touch screen that integrates control and display functions. Around the display screen 3, four pairs of level bubbles 4 are evenly arranged for the horizontal calibration of the device.

[0029] A fixing block 5 is fixedly connected to the small-diameter end of the conical shell 1. The fixing block 5 serves as the mounting base for the lower motion mechanism and an electrical interface conversion node. A laser emitter is fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixing block 5. The linear laser emitted by the laser emitter 6 illuminates the hole wall to form a light band. The CMOS camera (806) captures the image of this light band, and the distance between each point on the cross section where the light band is located and the laser emitter can be calculated using the principle of triangulation.

[0030] The rotating assembly 7 is the key mechanism for achieving horizontal circumferential scanning. The gear disk (701) cooperates with the annular limiting block (702) on its top surface and the annular sliding groove (101) on the bottom surface of the fixed block 5, achieving precise and stable coaxial rotation of the gear disk (701) relative to the fixed block 5. The servo motor 2 (703) is fixed to the side of the fixed block 5 through the connecting rod (705), and the gear 1 (704) on its output shaft meshes with the teeth on the outer edge of the gear disk (701). When the control system issues a command, the servo motor 2 (703) rotates precisely, driving the gear disk (701) to rotate through the gear 1 (704), thereby driving the entire acquisition and adjustment assembly 8 fixed below the gear disk (701) to perform horizontal azimuth adjustment.

[0031] The acquisition and adjustment assembly 8 is a precision mechanism for adjusting the pitch angle. Two connecting plates (801) are vertically fixed to the bottom surface of the gear disk (701), forming a stable hanger. A motor (802) is fixed to the outside of one of the connecting plates (801), and its output shaft drives the rotating shaft (803) to rotate. Two gears 2 (804) fixed on the rotating shaft (803) rotate accordingly. Gears 2 (804) mesh with gears 3 (807) fixed on the hinge rod (805). The two ends of the hinge rod (805) are hinged to the lower part of the two connecting plates 801 by bearings, and the CMOS camera (806) is fixed on the hinge rod (805). Therefore, when the motor (802) drives the rotating shaft (803) to rotate in both directions, the rotational motion of the rotating shaft (803) is converted into the pitch swing of the hinge rod (805) around its hinge axis through the meshing transmission of gear 2 (804) and gear 3 (807), thereby changing the illumination angle of the CMOS camera (806) and the laser emitter integrated together, and completing the scanning of different height areas of the borehole wall. The outer side of the conical housing 1 is fitted with a sleeve 9, which is suitable for larger diameter boreholes.

[0032] Before use, move the device to the vicinity of the borehole to be measured. Observe the four pairs of level bubbles 4 on the cover plate 2, and manually adjust the bottom support of the device or level the foundation to center the level bubbles 4. This step ensures that the Z-axis of the device's measurement coordinate system is parallel to the direction of gravity, establishing an accurate vertical reference. Place the device at the borehole using an external winch or rod. The conical housing 1 guides the device smoothly into the borehole. After inserting the device to a certain depth, fix it in place.

[0033] After the equipment is fixed, the control system first controls the servo motor 2 (703) to drive the rotating component 7, causing the acquisition and adjustment component 8 to rotate to a certain initial azimuth angle. Subsequently, the control motor (802) drives the acquisition and adjustment component 8, and at each pitch angle pause, the laser emitter 6 emits a line laser, and the CMOS camera (806) synchronously acquires the laser light strip image on the borehole wall, and calculates the three-dimensional coordinates of a series of points on the light strip through the built-in algorithm. After completing one pitch scan sequence, the servo motor 2 (703) drives the rotating component 7 to rotate by a fixed azimuth angle increment, repeating the above pitch scan process. This cycle continues until a full-coverage scan of 360 degrees in the horizontal direction is completed, thereby obtaining complete point cloud data of the borehole wall cross section.

[0034] After completing the cross-sectional scan of one borehole wall, the device moves to the next borehole under the traction of a winch, repeating the above "single borehole scanning" process, and so on, scanning one borehole at a time.

[0035] All collected raw data, including azimuth, elevation, and distance information, are uploaded in real-time via cable to a host computer or the device's built-in processor. The processing software converts all point cloud data into a world coordinate system based on the initial horizontal calibration plane. Through point cloud registration and surface reconstruction algorithms, a three-dimensional digital model of the borehole is generated. Based on this model, key quality indicators such as borehole depth, diameter at any location, axial deviation, and borehole wall roughness can be accurately calculated and output, and the two-dimensional contour or three-dimensional model can be displayed in real-time on display screen 3.

[0036] In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0038] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the quality of boreholes using laser detection, characterized in that, include: The device comprises a conical shell, a cover plate, a fixing block, a laser emitter, a rotating assembly, and a data acquisition and adjustment assembly. The cover plate is fixedly connected to the large end of the conical shell, and the fixing block is connected to the small end of the conical shell. The rotating assembly is disposed between the fixing block and the data acquisition and adjustment assembly, and is used to drive the data acquisition and adjustment assembly to rotate around the axis of the conical shell. The data acquisition and adjustment assembly includes a CMOS camera and a pitch drive mechanism for adjusting the pitch angle of the CMOS camera. The laser emitter is used to emit laser light into the borehole wall, and the CMOS camera is used to acquire the light band image formed by the laser irradiating the borehole wall.

2. The device for detecting borehole quality based on laser as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing block (5) is fixedly connected to the lower small end of the conical shell (1); A larger sleeve (9) is added to the outside of the conical shell (1) to accommodate a larger diameter blast hole.

3. The device for detecting borehole quality based on laser as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating component (7) includes: A gear disc (701) has an annular limiting block (702) fixedly connected to its upper end face. The annular limiting block (702) is rotatably connected to the fixed block (5) through an annular sliding groove (101). Servo motor 2 (703), the drive end of the servo motor 2 (703) is fixedly connected to gear 1 (704), the upper end of gear 1 (704) is rotatably connected to the lower end face of the fixed block (5), and gear 1 (704) meshes with gear disk (701); A connecting rod (705) is fixedly connected at one end to a fixing block (5), and a servo motor 2 (703) is fixedly connected at the other end of the connecting rod (705).

4. The device for detecting borehole quality based on laser technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: A laser emitter (6) is provided on the upper end of the fixed block (5).

5. The device for detecting borehole quality based on laser as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The acquisition and adjustment component (8) includes: Connecting plate (801), two of the connecting plates (801) are fixedly connected to the lower end face of the gear disc (701); Motor (802), the motor (802) is fixedly connected to the outside of a connecting plate (801) on one side; A rotating shaft (803) is installed between two connecting plates (801), and the driving end of the motor (802) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (803). Gear 2 (804), two of the gears 2 (804) are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (803); A CMOS camera (806) is hinged to the outer side of the lower end of two connecting plates (801) via a hinge rod (805); Gear 3 (807), two gears 3 (807) are fixedly connected to the hinge rod (805), and two gears 2 (804) mesh with two gears 3 (807).

6. The device for detecting borehole quality based on laser technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The annular limiting block (702) is annular, the annular sliding groove is annular, and the annular limiting block (702) is engaged in the annular sliding groove and slides along the annular sliding groove.

7. The device for detecting borehole quality based on laser as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Two gears 2 (804) are symmetrically arranged on the rotating shaft (803), and two gears 3 (807) are symmetrically arranged on the hinge rod (805).

8. The device for detecting borehole quality based on laser as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The lower end of the fixing block (5) has an annular groove; The cover plate (2) is provided with four pairs of leveling bubbles (4), and each pair of two leveling bubbles is arranged in a direction perpendicular to each other.

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