A multi-source karst anomaly response fusion identification method for tunnel advance prediction

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration and tunnel advanced geological prediction, and discloses a multi-source karst abnormal response fusion identification method for tunnel advanced prediction, geological radar results, tunnel seismic advanced prediction results and advanced drilling results are acquired and mapped to the same front positioning reference of a working face, an equivalent detection coverage body is established according to an abnormal response range, a main detection direction and a lateral development direction are determined, a projection overlap relationship after compensation is calculated, a candidate corresponding relationship is generated in combination with a mileage position relationship, directly connected or indirectly connected equivalent detection coverage bodies are merged into the same karst target, and a karst abnormal fusion identification result is generated; the application can improve the consistency of karst abnormal space attribution judgment in multi-source geophysical data fusion, and reduce the risk of mismerging and missing merging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of geophysical exploration and tunnel advanced geological prediction technology, specifically to a multi-source karst anomaly response fusion identification method for tunnel advanced prediction. Background Technology

[0002] During tunnel construction, karst formations, caves, karst fracture zones, and water-rich karst sections ahead of the tunnel face directly impact excavation safety, support parameters, and pre-excavation treatment plans. To mitigate the risks of blind excavation, a combined approach of geophysical exploration and drilling verification is typically employed on-site to identify unfavorable geological formations ahead of the tunnel face. Common methods include ground-penetrating radar (GPR), tunnel seismic prediction, and pre-drilling exploration. GPR, an electromagnetic geophysical measurement method, primarily relies on radar echoes, dielectric differences, and anomalous reflection interfaces to identify shallow anomalies. Tunnel seismic prediction, a seismic geophysical detection method, mainly uses source excitation, receiver reception, reflected wave arrival time, and wave velocity inversion results to determine anomalies ahead. Pre-drilling exploration verifies local geological anomalies through drilling response, water production, grout leakage, drill bit loss, drilling speed changes, and core logging results. The combined use of the above-mentioned detection methods falls under the category of comprehensive interpretation of multi-source geophysical data and composite geophysical exploration and processing, which can provide anomaly information of different scales, directions and resolutions for tunnel advance prediction.

[0003] In the current process of processing tunnel early warning data, ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic early warning results, and early drilling results are usually interpreted separately, and then technical personnel compare them according to mileage location, anomaly center point, anomaly section, or construction experience. Some processing methods directly project anomaly results from different sources into the same mileage window, the same grid cell, or the same two-dimensional map, and then determine whether different anomalies might correspond to the same karst target based on spatial proximity. Although this method can complete the basic geophysical anomaly response summary, in the multi-source geophysical data fusion and identification stage, it is often assumed that different detection results have the same spatial expression meaning and the same resolution scale.

[0004] In reality, the anomalous responses generated by ground-penetrating radar (GPR) results are usually closer to shallow, strip-like or sheet-like reflection ranges; the anomalous responses generated by tunnel seismic advance prediction results are usually closer to volumetric anomaly areas with a certain forward-looking range; and the anomalous responses generated by advance drilling results are closer to point-like or segmental evidence distributed along the borehole line. Different detection methods differ in detection direction, lateral expansion range, front-to-back positioning errors, and spatial resolution scale. If existing technologies only rely on the distance between anomaly center points, overlapping mileage windows, or local intersections on maps for merging, anomalies at different mileage locations but with overlapping lateral projections may be misjudged as the same karst target; multiple actually different local borehole anomalies may be merged into one target due to the large range of seismic volumetric anomalies; and anomalies that should correspond may not be identified as the same target because the shallow sheet-like responses of GPR and the segmental evidence of advance drilling have different expression scales.

[0005] Furthermore, existing multi-source advanced forecast interpretation results, when fused, typically place more emphasis on whether the final anomaly areas overlap, while insufficiently considering the extension relationship of the anomaly response range in the forward and backward directions, the lateral expansion relationship, the mileage adjacency relationship between different results, and the boundary deviation caused by different resolution scales. Consequently, when multi-source geophysical anomaly responses enter the integrated interpretation chain, the lack of corresponding spatial semantic constraints between data points makes the fusion results prone to problems such as mis-merging, omissions, and unclear karst target boundaries, thus affecting the use of karst anomaly fusion identification results in risk zone delineation and pre-construction treatment.

[0006] Therefore, the fusion processing of multi-source geophysical exploration results in existing tunnel advanced geological prediction still needs to solve the following technical problems: how to accurately determine the spatial correspondence between multi-source karst anomaly responses when the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advanced prediction, and advanced drilling have different anomaly response morphologies, different detection directions, and different resolution scales, so as to reduce the misclassification and omission of karst targets caused by relying solely on center points, grids, or local overlaps. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the technical problem this application aims to solve is that in tunnel advanced geological prediction and composite geophysical exploration processing, ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advanced prediction results, and advanced borehole results have different anomaly response patterns, different detection directions, and different resolution scales. When existing multi-source geophysical data fusion methods merge data based solely on anomaly center points, unified grids, mileage windows, or local spatial overlaps, it is difficult to accurately determine the spatial correspondence between multi-source karst anomaly responses, which can easily lead to mis-merging, omission, and unclear boundaries of karst targets.

[0008] The purpose of this application is to provide a multi-source karst anomaly response fusion identification method for tunnel advance prediction. By mapping ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results to the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face, an equivalent detection coverage is established according to the anomaly response range. The compensated projection overlap relationship is calculated based on the main detection direction and the lateral deployment direction. After generating candidate correspondences by combining the mileage position relationship, the same karst target is merged. This reduces the mis-merging and omission caused by the inconsistency of spatial semantics of anomaly responses in the comprehensive interpretation of multi-source geophysical detection results, and improves the consistency of spatial correspondence results of karst anomaly fusion identification.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] In a first aspect, this application provides a multi-source karst anomaly response fusion identification method for tunnel advance prediction, characterized by comprising:

[0011] Obtain the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction, and advance drilling, and map the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction, and advance drilling to the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face;

[0012] Anomaly response ranges were extracted from ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results, and an equivalent detection coverage was established based on the anomaly response ranges.

[0013] The main detection direction is determined based on the front and rear extension range of the equivalent detection coverage, and the lateral deployment direction is determined based on the lateral deployment range of the equivalent detection coverage relative to the main detection direction.

[0014] The projection overlap relationship between the equivalent detection covers is calculated according to the main detection direction, and the projection overlap relationship is corrected according to the difference in front and back length and the difference in lateral width between the two equivalent detection covers to obtain the compensated projection overlap relationship.

[0015] Candidate correspondences are generated based on the compensated projection overlap relationship and the mileage position relationship of the equivalent detection coverage.

[0016] Equivalent detection coverages that are directly or indirectly connected through candidate correspondences are grouped into the same karst target to generate karst anomaly fusion identification results.

[0017] Preferably, the method for establishing an equivalent detection coverage includes:

[0018] Under the same positioning reference in front of the working face, record the front and rear extension range and the lateral expansion range of the abnormal response range, and record the vertical expansion range when the abnormal response range includes the vertical expansion range;

[0019] The spatial range enclosed by the front-to-back extension range and the lateral expansion range is defined as the basic coverage range of the equivalent detection coverage body, and the vertical expansion range is used as the vertical boundary of the equivalent detection coverage body when recording the vertical expansion range.

[0020] Preferably, the method for establishing an equivalent detection coverage further includes:

[0021] For the results of ground-penetrating radar, an equivalent detection coverage is established based on the front-to-back extension range and the lateral expansion range of the anomaly response range;

[0022] For the results of tunnel earthquake early prediction, an equivalent detection coverage is established based on the forward and backward extension range, lateral expansion range, and vertical expansion range of the abnormal response range;

[0023] For the results of advanced drilling, an equivalent detection coverage is established along the start and end positions of the corresponding borehole line with the abnormal response range, and according to the preset proximity distance of the borehole line.

[0024] Preferably, the method for calculating the projection overlap relationship includes:

[0025] Using the main detection direction of the two equivalent detection covers as the projection direction, the projection intervals corresponding to the two equivalent detection covers are generated.

[0026] When the main detection directions of two equivalent detection coverages are inconsistent, the two projection intervals are converted to the front and rear directions in the same front-facing positioning reference.

[0027] Calculate the overlap length of the two projection intervals and the lateral overlap range of the two equivalent detection coverages in the lateral expansion direction;

[0028] The projection overlap relationship is generated based on the overlap length and lateral overlap range;

[0029] When using centerline spacing as an auxiliary judgment method, the centerline spacing between two equivalent detection coverages in the lateral deployment direction is calculated, and the centerline spacing is used for lateral correspondence auxiliary judgment.

[0030] Preferably, the method for obtaining the compensated projection overlap relationship includes:

[0031] The front-to-back length and lateral width of the two equivalent detection covers are read respectively. The front-to-back length is compared to obtain the front-to-back length comparison result, and the lateral width is compared to obtain the lateral width comparison result.

[0032] When both the front-to-back length comparison result and the lateral width comparison result point to the same equivalent detection coverage, the corresponding equivalent detection coverage will be determined as the reference coverage.

[0033] When the front-to-back length comparison result and the lateral width comparison result point to different equivalent detection covers, the equivalent detection cover with the shorter front-to-back length is determined as the reference cover;

[0034] The overlap calculation boundary is determined based on the front-to-back length and lateral width of the reference cover, and the projection overlap relationship is corrected according to the overlap calculation boundary to obtain the compensated projection overlap relationship.

[0035] Preferably, the method for correcting the projection overlap relationship according to the overlap calculation boundary includes:

[0036] When the projection range of the reference cover in the main detection direction and the projection range in the lateral unfolding direction are both located within the projection range of another equivalent detection cover in the corresponding direction, the projection range of the reference cover in the main detection direction and the projection range in the lateral unfolding direction are used together as the overlap calculation boundary.

[0037] When two equivalent detection covers partially overlap in both the main detection direction and the lateral deployment direction, the common coverage area of ​​the two equivalent detection covers in the main detection direction and the common coverage area in the lateral deployment direction are used as the overlap calculation boundary.

[0038] Preferably, the method for generating candidate correspondences includes:

[0039] When the compensated projection overlap relationship of two equivalent detection covers with different original result sources meets the preset projection overlap condition, and the mileage position relationship of the two equivalent detection covers meets the preset mileage adjacency condition, it is determined that there is a candidate correspondence between the two equivalent detection covers.

[0040] Preferably, the preset projection overlap condition includes a first judgment content and a second judgment content;

[0041] The first judgment is that the overlap range of the main detection direction in the compensated projection overlap relationship is not zero;

[0042] The second judgment is that the two equivalent detection coverages meet the lateral correspondence requirement;

[0043] When the lateral overlap range is used as the lateral correspondence judgment method, the lateral correspondence requirement is that the lateral overlap range of the two equivalent detection coverages in the lateral deployment direction is not zero.

[0044] When centerline spacing is used as the lateral correspondence determination method, the lateral correspondence requirement is that the centerline spacing between two equivalent detection covers in the lateral deployment direction does not exceed the preset lateral correspondence threshold.

[0045] When both the first and second judgment conditions are met, it is determined that the projection overlap relationship after compensation satisfies the preset projection overlap condition.

[0046] Preferably, the preset mileage adjacency conditions include:

[0047] The distance between two equivalent detection coverages in the main detection direction shall not exceed the preset mileage interval;

[0048] Alternatively, the coverage areas of two equivalent detection bodies may intersect in the main detection direction;

[0049] Alternatively, the coverage area of ​​an equivalent detection cover in the main detection direction may be located within the coverage area of ​​another equivalent detection cover in the main detection direction.

[0050] Preferably, the method for generating candidate correspondences further includes:

[0051] When the projection intervals of two equivalent detection covers overlap in the lateral unfolding direction, but the compensated projection overlap relationship does not meet the preset projection overlap condition, no candidate correspondence is generated.

[0052] Preferably, the method for grouping equivalent detection overburdens directly or indirectly connected through candidate correspondences into the same karst target includes:

[0053] Perform group operations on the equivalent probe coverages in the candidate correspondences;

[0054] When the equivalent detection covers in a set of equivalent detection covers can be directly or indirectly connected through candidate correspondences, the set of equivalent detection covers are merged into the same karst target.

[0055] Preferably, the method for generating karst anomaly fusion identification results includes:

[0056] Read the outer boundary, overlapping boundary, and related result sources of the equivalent detection cover merged into the same karst target;

[0057] Candidate boundaries for karst targets are determined by circumscribed boundaries, and confirmed boundaries or sets of confirmed boundaries for karst targets are determined by overlapping boundaries. The source of the association results, candidate boundaries, and confirmed boundaries or sets of confirmed boundaries are written into the karst anomaly fusion identification results.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by this application are as follows:

[0059] This application addresses the problems of inconsistent spatial semantics, inconsistent resolution scales, and insufficient anomaly attribution criteria in the fusion and identification of multi-source geophysical exploration results in existing tunnel advanced geological prediction by performing mapping of ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results to the same face-to-face positioning benchmark, establishing equivalent detection coverage, calculating post-compensated projection overlap relationships, and merging candidate correspondences. This enables karst anomaly responses from different sources to participate in comprehensive interpretation under a unified spatial benchmark and correspondence constraints, thereby reducing the risk of mis-merging and omission of karst targets caused by relying solely on center points, grids, or local overlaps.

[0060] By mapping ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results to the same positioning benchmark in front of the tunnel face, electromagnetic wave geophysical exploration results, seismic wave geophysical exploration results, and drilling verification results can be read under the same front-back direction, lateral direction, and mileage position relationship. This avoids positional misalignment caused by different results due to different survey line positions, imaging benchmarks, borehole line directions, or borehole depth conversion methods, thus providing a unified input basis for multi-source geophysical data fusion and identification.

[0061] By extracting the anomaly response range from ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results, and establishing an equivalent detection coverage based on the forward and backward extension range and lateral expansion range of the anomaly response range, shallow zonal or sheet-like responses, volumetric anomaly zones, and point or segmental evidence along the borehole line can be transformed into comparable spatial objects. This prevents different geophysical anomaly responses from being compressed into a single anomaly center point or a single grid unit, thereby preserving the differences in coverage and detection semantics corresponding to different detection methods.

[0062] By determining the main detection direction based on the front-to-back extension range of the equivalent detection cover and the lateral expansion direction based on the lateral expansion range of the equivalent detection cover relative to the main detection direction, a front-to-back correspondence and a lateral expansion relationship can be established in each equivalent detection cover. This allows subsequent cross-source comparisons to no longer rely solely on local spatial intersections, but to simultaneously read the corresponding state of karst anomaly responses in the mileage direction in front of the tunnel face and in the lateral spatial direction, thereby improving the completeness of the basis for judging the spatial attribution of multi-source karst anomaly responses.

[0063] By calculating the projection overlap relationship between equivalent detection covers along the main detection direction, and correcting the projection overlap relationship based on the differences in front-to-back length and lateral width between the two equivalent detection covers, the differences in coverage boundaries caused by different resolution scales can be incorporated into the projection correspondence judgment process. This avoids the body shape anomaly range corresponding to the tunnel seismic advance prediction results from over-including the results of ground-penetrating radar or advance drilling, and also avoids the direct exclusion of segmental evidence along the borehole line due to its narrow expression range. As a result, the compensated projection overlap relationship is more suitable for characterizing the true spatial correspondence between heterogeneous geophysical exploration results.

[0064] By generating candidate correspondences based on the compensated projection overlap relationship and the mileage position relationship of the equivalent detection cover, projection correspondence judgment and mileage adjacency judgment can be combined to screen whether different equivalent detection covers have the same karst target attribution basis. When there is only projection overlap in the lateral unfolding direction but does not meet the compensated projection overlap relationship, no candidate correspondence is generated, thereby reducing erroneous merging caused by the intersection of two-dimensional maps or the intersection of lateral projections.

[0065] By merging equivalent detection coverages that can be directly or indirectly connected through candidate correspondences into the same karst target and generating karst anomaly fusion identification results, it is possible to organize scattered ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results into cross-source fusion objects with internal correspondences. This allows the karst anomaly fusion identification results to not only include the merged karst targets but also retain the correspondence basis that formed the karst targets, thereby improving the traceability and consistency of karst target identification results in tunnel advance prediction. Attached Figure Description

[0066] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the multi-source karst anomaly response fusion identification method for tunnel advance prediction proposed in this application;

[0067] Figure 2 A logic diagram is established for the equivalent detection coverage of this application;

[0068] Figure 3 A logic diagram is generated for the compensated projection overlap relationship of this application;

[0069] Figure 4 This is a logical diagram showing the candidate correspondences and merging of the same karst target in this application;

[0070] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the karst anomaly fusion identification results generated in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0071] It should be noted that the acquisition, inversion, and conventional anomaly interpretation methods for ground-penetrating radar detection, tunnel seismic advance prediction, and advance borehole exploration can employ existing methods in this field. This application does not primarily aim to improve ground-penetrating radar echo acquisition, seismic wave excitation and reception, borehole construction, or single detection result interpretation methods. Rather, it focuses on improving the spatial correspondence judgment and karst target merging processing of the aforementioned existing detection results after comprehensive interpretation.

[0072] In this embodiment, the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction, and advance drilling can all be obtained from existing tunnel advance prediction equipment and construction records. This embodiment does not limit the specific equipment structure of ground-penetrating radar echo acquisition, seismic wave excitation and reception, and advance drilling itself, nor does it limit the conventional anomaly interpretation algorithm for a single detection result; the focus of this embodiment is to perform spatial expression transformation, correspondence judgment, and karst target merging processing on the anomaly response range in the above results under the same face-ahead positioning reference.

[0073] The technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments and specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solution of this application, rather than limitations thereof.

[0074] Example 1:

[0075] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-source karst anomaly response fusion identification method for tunnel advance prediction, specifically including:

[0076] Obtain the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction, and advance drilling, and map these results to the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face.

[0077] Among them, the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) results are the anomaly interpretation results formed after the GPR collects echo data at or near the tunnel face. The GPR results include at least the location of the GPR survey line, the front and rear extension range of the anomaly response range, the lateral expansion range of the anomaly response range, and the depth location of the anomaly response range. The location of the GPR survey line is obtained by the deployment position and movement record of the GPR antenna in the tunnel cross section. The front and rear extension range of the anomaly response range, the lateral expansion range of the anomaly response range, and the depth location of the anomaly response range are obtained by the GPR echo data after time zero-point correction, dielectric parameter conversion, and anomaly reflection interface picking.

[0078] The tunnel earthquake early prediction results are the anomaly interpretation results formed by the tunnel earthquake early prediction equipment based on the source point, receiver point, and arrival time of reflected waves. The tunnel earthquake early prediction results include at least the source point location, receiver point location, the forward and backward extension range of the anomaly response range, the lateral expansion range of the anomaly response range, and the vertical expansion range of the anomaly response range. The source point location and receiver point location are obtained from the on-site measurement records. The forward and backward extension range, the lateral expansion range, and the vertical expansion range of the anomaly response range are obtained from the arrival time of reflected waves, wave velocity parameter conversion, and imaging interpretation.

[0079] The results of advanced drilling are the interpretation results of anomalies formed after collecting drilling responses and geological evidence along the borehole line in the advanced drilling. The results of advanced drilling include at least the borehole opening location, borehole line direction, borehole depth location, and the range of anomalies distributed along the borehole line. The borehole opening location and borehole line direction are obtained from the advanced drilling construction measurement records; the borehole depth location is obtained from the drilling depth records; and the range of anomalies distributed along the borehole line is obtained from at least one of the following: water production records, grout leakage records, drill bit drop records, drilling speed change records, and core logging results during the drilling process.

[0080] The anomaly response range refers to the anomaly interpretation range output by the corresponding detection method in the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction, or advance drilling. The anomaly response range is not a single anomaly point, nor a single center location. The anomaly response range includes at least one of the front-to-back, lateral, and vertical position ranges that can be located by the corresponding detection method under the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face. For ground-penetrating radar results, the anomaly response range is used to represent the shallow strip-shaped or sheet-like spatial range corresponding to the anomalous reflection interface in the ground-penetrating radar echo data. For tunnel seismic advance prediction results, the anomaly response range is used to represent the volumetric spatial range corresponding to the reflection wave anomaly in the imaging interpretation of tunnel seismic advance prediction. For advance drilling results, the anomaly response range is used to represent the point-shaped or segment-shaped spatial range where water inflow, grout leakage, drill bit loss, drilling speed changes, or core anomalies are found along the borehole line in the advance drilling.

[0081] The method for determining the anomaly response range is as follows: First, read the anomaly interpretation results output by the corresponding detection means; then, convert the position records of the same anomaly response object in the anomaly interpretation results according to the same face-ahead positioning reference; subsequently, read the starting and ending positions occupied by the anomaly response object in the front-back direction to obtain the front-back extension range of the anomaly response range; read the left and right boundary positions occupied by the anomaly response object in the lateral direction to obtain the lateral expansion range of the anomaly response range; read the upper and lower boundary positions occupied by the anomaly response object in the vertical direction to obtain the vertical expansion range of the anomaly response range; when the corresponding detection means does not output the vertical expansion range, the anomaly response range retains the front-back extension range and the lateral expansion range; when the corresponding detection means only outputs the anomaly position along the hole line, the anomaly response range reads the anomaly starting hole depth position and the anomaly ending hole depth position according to the hole line direction, and converts the anomaly starting hole depth position and the anomaly ending hole depth position into a segmented spatial range under the same face-ahead positioning reference.

[0082] The role of the anomaly response range is to provide a boundary source for establishing an equivalent detection coverage. Subsequently, based on the forward and backward extension range and the lateral expansion range of the anomaly response range under the same face-to-face positioning reference, the equivalent detection coverage is established, and when the corresponding detection method can provide a vertical expansion range, the vertical expansion range is written into the equivalent detection coverage. Based on the anomaly response range, the differences in the coverage range formed by different detection methods for karst targets can be preserved, so that the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results do not need to be directly compressed into the same center point or the same grid cell. When calculating the main detection direction, lateral expansion direction, projection overlap relationship, compensated projection overlap relationship, and candidate correspondence relationship, the spatial boundary corresponding to the anomaly response range is used as the reading basis.

[0083] The process of mapping ground-penetrating radar (GPR) results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results to the same positioning benchmark ahead of the tunnel face includes: first, reading the tunnel face mileage, tunnel face outline, and tunnel design centerline from the construction survey records; using the tunnel face plane corresponding to the tunnel face mileage as the starting surface for the forward and backward positions, the intersection of the tunnel design centerline and the tunnel face plane as the positioning benchmark point, the direction from the tunnel design centerline to the tunnel face as the forward and backward direction, the tunnel cross-section width direction as the lateral direction, and the tunnel cross-section height direction as the vertical direction, thus establishing the same positioning benchmark ahead of the tunnel face; then, converting the GPR line positions in the GPR results into lateral and vertical positions relative to the positioning benchmark point, converting the depth positions of the anomaly response range in the GPR results into forward and backward positions relative to the tunnel face plane, and recording the forward and backward extension range and the lateral expansion range of the anomaly response range in the GPR results under the same positioning benchmark ahead of the tunnel face; subsequently, the source point position, detection... The anomalous response range obtained from the wave point location and imaging interpretation is converted into the front-back, lateral, and vertical positions under the same front-face positioning reference according to the mileage coordinates and cross-section coordinates in the construction survey records. The front-back extension range, lateral expansion range, and vertical expansion range of the anomalous response range in the tunnel seismic advance prediction results are retained. Then, the borehole position in the advance drilling results is converted into the lateral and vertical positions under the same front-face positioning reference. The borehole line direction is decomposed into the front-back, lateral, and vertical directions. The position of each borehole depth is converted into the spatial position under the same front-face positioning reference along the borehole line direction. The anomalous response range distributed along the borehole line is converted into the segmented spatial range under the same front-face positioning reference. Finally, the converted ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results retain the original result source, original position record, and mapped position record, respectively, so that the anomalous response range under the same coordinate meaning can be read when establishing the equivalent detection coverage.

[0084] It should be noted that mapping to the same face-ahead positioning reference does not mean directly dividing the ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results into grids of the same size, nor does it mean compressing the three types of results to the same center point. Mapping to the same face-ahead positioning reference means converting the front-back, lateral, and vertical positions of the three types of results to the same face-ahead mileage starting relationship and the same tunnel cross-section direction relationship. This allows the shallow anomaly response range corresponding to the ground-penetrating radar results, the volumetric anomaly response range corresponding to the tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and the anomaly response range along the borehole line corresponding to the advance drilling results to be read in terms of position, direction, and range within the same spatial reference. By retaining the original source of the results and the mapped position record, the coverage area, projection direction, and resolution scale formed by different detection methods can be distinguished in subsequent processing, avoiding changes to the anomaly representation meaning of different detection methods during the mapping stage.

[0085] Through the above operations, the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction, and advance drilling are unified under the same positioning benchmark in front of the tunnel face, while retaining the anomaly response range morphology and result source of each of the three types of results. Subsequently, an equivalent detection coverage can be established based on the anomaly response range under the same positioning benchmark in front of the tunnel face, and the main detection direction, lateral expansion direction, projection overlap relationship, and compensated projection overlap relationship can be further calculated, thus providing a directly callable spatial basis for the generation of cross-source correspondence and the generation of karst anomaly fusion identification results.

[0086] Anomaly response ranges were extracted from ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results. An equivalent detection coverage was established based on the forward and backward extension range and the lateral expansion range of the anomaly response range under the same face-to-face positioning reference.

[0087] The method for establishing an equivalent detection coverage includes: under the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face, recording the front-to-back extension range and the lateral expansion range of the abnormal response range, and recording the vertical expansion range of the abnormal response range when the corresponding detection result includes the vertical expansion range; determining the spatial range enclosed by the front-to-back extension range and the lateral expansion range as the basic coverage range of the equivalent detection coverage, and using the vertical expansion range as the vertical boundary of the equivalent detection coverage when recording the vertical expansion range.

[0088] The equivalent detection cover is not the actual excavated karst body, but a spatial representation object for cross-source comparison calculated based on the anomaly response range; the equivalent detection cover includes at least the front-back direction boundary and the lateral direction boundary, and further includes the vertical direction boundary when the corresponding detection result includes the vertical expansion range.

[0089] The spatial range enclosed by the forward and backward extension range and the lateral expansion range is defined as the equivalent detection coverage. Specifically, under the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face, the forward and backward extension range of the abnormal response range is first read, and the forward and backward extension range is decomposed into the forward and backward starting positions and the forward and backward ending positions; then the lateral expansion range of the abnormal response range is read, and the lateral expansion range of the abnormal response range is decomposed into the left boundary position and the right boundary position; subsequently, using the forward and backward direction in the positioning reference in front of the tunnel face as the first enclosing direction and the lateral direction in the positioning reference in front of the tunnel face as the second enclosing direction, the forward and backward starting positions, forward and backward ending positions, left boundary positions, and right boundary positions are enclosed. The area jointly defined by the boundary locations is the coverage area; when the anomaly response area includes the vertically extended area, the vertically extended area of ​​the anomaly response area is written into the coverage area, so that the coverage area has front-to-back boundaries, lateral boundaries, and vertical boundaries simultaneously; when the anomaly response area does not include the vertically extended area, the location of the survey line where the anomaly response area is located, the location of the anomaly reflection interface, or the location of the borehole line is recorded as the spatial stratigraphic level of the coverage area; finally, the coverage area, the original source of the results, the front-to-back extension area, the lateral extended area, and the existing vertical extended area are written into the same data record, and the same data record is determined as the equivalent detection coverage.

[0090] The methods for establishing an equivalent detection coverage also include: for ground-penetrating radar results, establishing an equivalent detection coverage based on the forward and backward extension range and the lateral expansion range of the anomaly response range; for tunnel earthquake advance prediction results, establishing an equivalent detection coverage based on the forward and backward extension range, the lateral expansion range, and the vertical expansion range of the anomaly response range; and for advance drilling results, establishing an equivalent detection coverage based on the start and end positions of the corresponding borehole lines along the anomaly response range and according to the preset proximity distance of the borehole lines.

[0091] For the results of ground-penetrating radar (GPR), an equivalent detection coverage is established based on the forward and backward extension range and the lateral expansion range of the anomaly response range. Specifically, firstly, the GPR line position, anomaly reflection interface position, and anomaly response range in the GPR results are read; then, the GPR line position, anomaly reflection interface position, and anomaly response range are converted to the same positioning reference in front of the face of the tunnel face; then, the forward and backward starting and ending positions occupied by the anomaly response range along the forward and backward direction are read, and the range between the forward and backward starting and ending positions is determined as the forward and backward extension range of the anomaly response range; then, the left and right boundary positions occupied by the anomaly response range along the lateral direction are read, and the range between the left and right boundary positions is determined as the lateral expansion range of the anomaly response range; then, the forward and backward extension range is used as the forward and backward boundary of the equivalent detection coverage, and the lateral expansion range is used as the lateral boundary of the equivalent detection coverage, and the anomaly reflection interface position corresponding to the GPR results is written into the spatial stratigraphic record of the equivalent detection coverage; finally, the source marker of the GPR results, the forward and backward extension range, the lateral expansion range, and the spatial stratigraphic record are all written into the equivalent detection coverage.

[0092] For tunnel earthquake early prediction results, an equivalent detection coverage is established based on the forward and backward extension, lateral expansion, and vertical expansion of the anomaly response range. Specifically, first, the location of the seismic source, the location of the receiver, and the anomaly response range in the tunnel earthquake early prediction results are read; then, the anomaly response range is converted to the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face; subsequently, the forward and backward starting and ending positions occupied by the anomaly response range along the forward and backward directions are read, and the range between the forward and backward starting and ending positions is determined as the forward and backward extension range of the anomaly response range; then, the left and right boundary positions occupied by the anomaly response range along the lateral direction are read, and the range between the left boundary position and the right boundary position is determined as the forward and backward extension range of the anomaly response range. The range between the right boundary positions is determined as the lateral expansion range of the anomaly response range; then, the upper and lower boundary positions occupied by the anomaly response range along the vertical direction are read, and the range between the upper and lower boundary positions is determined as the vertical expansion range of the anomaly response range; subsequently, the forward and backward extension range is used as the forward and backward directional boundaries of the equivalent detection coverage, the lateral expansion range is used as the lateral directional boundary of the equivalent detection coverage, and the vertical expansion range is used as the vertical directional boundary of the equivalent detection coverage; finally, the source marker of the tunnel earthquake advance prediction result, the forward and backward extension range, the lateral expansion range, and the vertical expansion range are all written into the equivalent detection coverage.

[0093] For the results of advanced drilling, the start and end positions of the abnormal response range along the corresponding hole line of the advanced drilling results are used, and an equivalent detection coverage is established according to the preset proximity distance of the hole line. Specifically, the hole line corresponding to the advanced drilling results is the drilling spatial path determined by the borehole position and hole line direction in the advanced drilling construction measurement record; the start and end positions of the abnormal response range along the corresponding hole line of the advanced drilling results are the starting and ending hole depth positions of the abnormal response range on the drilling spatial path; first, the borehole position, hole line direction, starting hole depth position, and ending hole depth position in the advanced drilling results are read; then, the borehole position, hole line direction, starting hole depth position, and ending hole depth position are converted to the same positioning reference in front of the face of the tunnel face to obtain the starting and ending spatial positions of the abnormal response range on the corresponding hole line of the advanced drilling results; then, the starting... The hole line segment between the spatial location and the termination spatial location is determined as the segmented location of the abnormal response range. Then, taking the segmented location as the central path, the preset hole line proximity distance is extended to both sides in the horizontal direction and the preset hole line proximity distance is extended to both sides in the vertical direction to form a spatial range around the segmented location. Subsequently, the front and rear start and end positions of the spatial range in the front and rear directions are read, the left and right boundary positions of the spatial range in the horizontal direction are read, and the upper and lower boundary positions of the spatial range in the vertical direction are read. Finally, the range between the front and rear start and end positions, the range between the left and right boundary positions, the range between the upper and lower boundary positions, and the source marker of the advanced drilling results are written into the equivalent detection coverage.

[0094] The preset borehole proximity distance is the range of the boreholes used when establishing an equivalent detection cover around the corresponding boreholes of the advanced drilling results; the excavation reveal results are karst reveal records formed by on-site geological logging, tunnel face sketching, water outlet location records, karst cavity location records, filling material location records, and construction survey records after the completion of excavation of historically excavated sections; historically excavated sections are tunnel sections that have been excavated and geologically recorded before the current tunnel face is reached; the excavation reveal results include at least the excavation mileage, the lateral position of the karst target in the tunnel cross-section, and the position of the karst target in the tunnel cross-section. The vertical location, the start and end positions of the karst target along the tunnel excavation direction, and the type of karst target; the method for obtaining the excavation reveal results is as follows: after the excavation of the previously excavated section is completed, the excavation mileage and the position of the tunnel face are read according to the construction survey record, and then the exposure position and range of the karst target are recorded by the on-site geological log, and the exposure position and range of the karst target are converted to the positioning benchmark in front of the same tunnel face; the excavation reveal results are only used to set the preset hole line proximity distance before the identification of the karst target in front of the current tunnel face, and do not participate in the generation of the identification results of the karst target in front of the current tunnel face.

[0095] The method for setting the preset proximity distance of borehole lines is as follows: First, read the borehole diameter, borehole inclination measurement error, borehole opening positioning error, and anomaly identification accuracy corresponding to the advanced drilling results from the advanced drilling construction record; then, read the positional deviation record between the advanced drilling results and the excavation reveal results in the historical excavated section; the method for forming the positional deviation record is as follows: convert the anomaly response range corresponding to the advanced drilling results in the historical excavated section along the start and end positions of the corresponding borehole line of the advanced drilling results to the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face; convert the start and end positions, lateral positions, and vertical positions of the karst targets corresponding to the excavation reveal results in the historical excavated section along the tunnel excavation direction to the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face; then, read the positional differences between the anomaly response range corresponding to the advanced drilling results and the karst targets corresponding to the excavation reveal results in the front-back direction, lateral direction, and vertical direction, and write the positional differences into the positional deviation record; then, use the borehole diameter, borehole inclination measurement error, borehole opening positioning error, anomaly identification accuracy, and positional deviation record together as the basis for setting the preset proximity distance of borehole lines.

[0096] Anomaly identification accuracy refers to the depth resolution range corresponding to the borehole depth position on the borehole line corresponding to the pre-drilling results when the abnormal response range is located by the pre-drilling results. Anomaly identification accuracy is used to represent the recording accuracy of the starting and ending borehole depth positions when water production records, grout leakage records, drill bit loss records, drilling speed change records, and core logging results form an abnormal response range. The sources of anomaly identification accuracy are the drilling depth recording interval, drilling response recording interval, and core logging segment length in the pre-drilling construction records. When the pre-drilling results consist of water production records, grout leakage records, ... When a drill bit loss record or a drill speed change record is generated, the anomaly identification accuracy is determined according to the hole depth record interval in the corresponding record. When the advanced drilling results are generated from the core logging results, the anomaly identification accuracy is determined according to the core logging segment length. When the same anomaly response range is generated by at least two of the following records: water production record, slurry leakage record, drill bit loss record, drill speed change record, and core logging results, the hole depth record interval or core logging segment length corresponding to each record is read respectively, and the depth range that can cover the hole depth positioning range of each record is determined as the anomaly identification accuracy.

[0097] When excavation results already exist in a historically excavated section, the preset proximity distance to the borehole line is set according to the perimeter of the borehole line corresponding to the position deviation record. Specifically, the horizontal and vertical position differences in the position deviation record within the historically excavated section are read, and these differences are mapped to the perimeter of the borehole line corresponding to the advanced drilling results. The largest of the two position differences is used as the basis for setting the perimeter of the borehole line. When no excavation results exist in a historically excavated section, the preset proximity distance to the borehole line is set according to the perimeter of the borehole line formed by the borehole diameter, borehole inclination measurement error, borehole opening positioning error, and anomaly identification accuracy. Specifically, the borehole wall influence range corresponding to the borehole diameter is read first, then the position uncertainty range corresponding to the borehole inclination measurement error and borehole opening positioning error is read, and then the anomaly positioning range corresponding to the anomaly identification accuracy is read. The maximum value among the borehole wall influence range, position uncertainty range, and anomaly positioning range is determined as the preset proximity distance to the borehole line.

[0098] The preset borehole proximity distance is used to convert point or segmental evidence distributed along the borehole line into a spatial range that can be compared with ground-penetrating radar results and tunnel seismic advance prediction results. By incorporating the excavation reveal results of historically excavated sections into the setting process of the preset borehole proximity distance, the surrounding area of ​​the borehole line corresponding to the advance drilling results can have historical construction verification basis. By setting the preset borehole proximity distance using borehole diameter, borehole inclination measurement error, borehole opening positioning error, and anomaly identification accuracy when there are no excavation reveal results in historically excavated sections, the preset borehole proximity distance can have construction measurement and borehole interpretation basis. The preset borehole proximity distance is set before the identification of karst targets in front of the current tunnel face, and does not use the excavation reveal results formed in front of the current tunnel face that have not yet been excavated. Therefore, the advance drilling results no longer participate in cross-source comparison only based on the borehole line itself, but participate in the generation of candidate correspondences with the equivalent detection coverage around the borehole line corresponding to the advance drilling results.

[0099] Since the abnormal response ranges formed by ground-penetrating radar results are mainly shallow, strip-shaped or sheet-like responses, the abnormal response ranges formed by tunnel seismic advance prediction results are mainly volumetric anomaly zones, and the abnormal response ranges formed by advance drilling results are mainly point-shaped or segment-shaped evidence along the corresponding borehole lines of the advance drilling results; if the center positions of the three types of abnormal response ranges are directly compared, the lateral expansion range of the ground-penetrating radar results, the vertical expansion range of the tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and the borehole line proximity range of the advance drilling results cannot participate in the cross-source correspondence judgment; by reading the front and rear extension ranges, lateral expansion ranges, vertical expansion ranges, and the preset borehole line proximity distances respectively, the three types of abnormal response ranges can be converted into an equivalent detection coverage under the same face-ahead positioning reference; the equivalent detection coverage retains the original result source and has readable front and rear direction boundaries, lateral direction boundaries, and vertical direction boundaries; therefore, when calculating the main detection direction, lateral expansion direction, projection overlap relationship, and compensated projection overlap relationship, it can be processed based on the spatial range with detection semantics, thereby providing a boundary basis for the generation of candidate correspondences, the merging of the same karst target, and the generation of karst anomaly fusion identification results.

[0100] The main detection direction is determined based on the front-to-back extension range of the equivalent detection coverage, and the lateral deployment direction is determined based on the lateral deployment range of the equivalent detection coverage relative to the main detection direction.

[0101] The main detection direction is determined based on the forward and backward extension range of the equivalent detection cover. Specifically, first, the forward and backward extension range of the equivalent detection cover under the same face-ahead positioning reference is read; the forward and backward extension range includes the forward and backward starting position on the side closer to the face plane and the forward and backward ending position on the side farther from the face plane; then, the forward and backward direction in the same face-ahead positioning reference is read, and the direction from the forward and backward starting position to the forward and backward ending position is determined as the main detection direction of the equivalent detection cover; when the equivalent detection cover corresponding to the geological radar result only has a shallow strip-shaped or sheet-like spatial range, the forward and backward starting position of the equivalent detection cover corresponding to the geological radar result in the forward and backward direction is used. The direction pointing to the front and rear termination positions is taken as the main detection direction. When the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the tunnel earthquake advance prediction result has a volumetric spatial range, the direction from the front and rear starting positions of the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the tunnel earthquake advance prediction result to the front and rear termination positions in the front and rear direction is taken as the main detection direction. When the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the advance drilling result forms around the hole line corresponding to the advance drilling result, first read the start and end positions of the abnormal response range along the hole line corresponding to the advance drilling result, then decompose the direction from the start spatial position to the termination spatial position under the same face-ahead positioning reference, and take the direction consistent with the front and rear extension range after decomposition as the main detection direction.

[0102] The lateral expansion direction is determined based on the lateral expansion range of the equivalent detection cover relative to the main detection direction. Specifically, the main detection direction of the equivalent detection cover is first read, and then the lateral expansion range of the equivalent detection cover under the positioning reference in front of the same tunnel face is read. The lateral expansion range includes the left and right boundary positions of the equivalent detection cover in the lateral direction. Subsequently, the direction from the left boundary position to the right boundary position is read in the cross-sectional direction perpendicular to the main detection direction, and the direction from the left boundary position to the right boundary position is determined as the lateral expansion direction of the equivalent detection cover. When the equivalent detection cover has a vertical expansion range, the vertical expansion range is recorded as the height boundary of the equivalent detection cover, and the lateral expansion direction is still determined according to the direction from the left boundary position to the right boundary position. When the equivalent detection cover is formed by the result of advance drilling, the spatial range after expansion according to the preset hole line proximity distance is first read, and then the left and right boundary positions of the spatial range in the lateral direction are read, and the direction from the left boundary position to the right boundary position is determined as the lateral expansion direction.

[0103] Since the equivalent detection coverage is derived from ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results, different equivalent detection coverages differ in their original detection methods, coverage morphology, and resolution scale. If only the spatial intersection results of equivalent detection coverages are used for cross-source judgment, local intersection positions may be directly interpreted as corresponding positions of the same karst target. By first determining the main detection direction from the front-to-back extension range and then determining the lateral expansion direction from the lateral expansion range, each equivalent detection coverage can be converted into a spatial object with front-to-back pointing and lateral expansion relationships. Therefore, when calculating the projection overlap relationship between equivalent detection coverages according to the main detection direction, it can be determined whether two equivalent detection coverages correspond in the front-to-back direction. When generating candidate correspondences by combining the lateral expansion direction, it can be determined whether two equivalent detection coverages correspond in the lateral expansion relationship. Thus, the candidate correspondences no longer depend solely on the center position or spatial intersection position, but are jointly determined by the main detection direction, lateral expansion direction, and mileage position relationship of the equivalent detection coverage, providing a directional constraint basis for the generation of karst target merging and karst anomaly fusion identification results.

[0104] The projection overlap relationship between the equivalent detection covers is calculated according to the main detection direction, and the projection overlap relationship is corrected according to the difference in front and back length and the difference in lateral width between the two equivalent detection covers to obtain the compensated projection overlap relationship.

[0105] The method for calculating the projection overlap relationship includes: taking the main detection direction of the two equivalent detection covers as the projection direction, thereby generating projection intervals corresponding to the two equivalent detection covers; calculating the overlap length of the two projection intervals, and calculating the lateral overlap range of the two equivalent detection covers in the lateral unfolding direction; generating the projection overlap relationship based on the overlap length and the lateral overlap range; when using the centerline spacing as an auxiliary judgment method, calculating the centerline spacing of the two equivalent detection covers in the lateral unfolding direction, and using the centerline spacing for lateral correspondence auxiliary judgment.

[0106] Using the main detection directions of two equivalent detection covers as projection directions, projection intervals corresponding to the two equivalent detection covers are generated. Specifically, the two equivalent detection covers involved in the calculation are first denoted as the first equivalent detection cover and the second equivalent detection cover, respectively. The main detection direction, front-to-back extension range, lateral expansion range, and lateral expansion direction of the first equivalent detection cover are read; the main detection direction, front-to-back extension range, lateral expansion range, and lateral expansion direction of the second equivalent detection cover are also read. Then, using the main detection direction of the first equivalent detection cover as the first projection direction, the front-to-back starting position and front-to-back ending position of the first equivalent detection cover are projected onto the first projection direction to obtain the projection starting position and projection ending position corresponding to the first equivalent detection cover. The interval between the projection start position and the projection end position is defined as the first projection interval. Then, taking the main detection direction of the second equivalent detection coverage as the second projection direction, the front and rear start positions and the front and rear end positions of the second equivalent detection coverage are projected onto the second projection direction to obtain the projection start position and projection end position corresponding to the second equivalent detection coverage. The interval between the projection start position and the projection end position is defined as the second projection interval. When the first projection direction and the second projection direction are consistent, the first projection interval and the second projection interval are directly used for subsequent overlap length calculation. When the first projection direction and the second projection direction are inconsistent, the first projection interval and the second projection interval are converted to the front and rear direction in the same face-ahead positioning reference before being used for subsequent overlap length calculation.

[0107] In the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face, the tunnel face plane is taken as the zero point of the front and back coordinates, and the direction away from the tunnel face and pointing in front of the tunnel face is taken as the positive direction of the front and back coordinates; the starting position and ending position of the projection interval are recorded according to this positive direction of the front and back coordinates.

[0108] In an optional embodiment, to facilitate the explanation of the calculation process of projection overlap relationship, lateral overlap range, preset lateral corresponding threshold, preset mileage interval, candidate boundary and confirmed boundary set, the following symbols are used for representation.

[0109] For any equivalent detection coverage Indicates equivalent detection coverage At the starting position of the projection along the main detection direction, Indicates equivalent detection coverage At the projection termination position in the main detection direction, and ; Indicates equivalent detection coverage At the left boundary position in the lateral expansion direction, Indicates equivalent detection coverage At the right boundary position in the lateral unfolding direction, and In equivalent detection coverage When including the vertical boundary, Indicates equivalent detection coverage At the lower boundary position in the vertical direction, Indicates equivalent detection coverage At the upper boundary position in the vertical direction, and ; Indicates equivalent detection coverage The horizontal width; Indicates equivalent detection coverage At the center position in the lateral unfolding direction; Indicates equivalent detection coverage The positioning error before and after corresponding to the original result source; Indicates equivalent detection coverage The lateral positioning error corresponding to the source of the original result; This indicates the error in the measurement of the tunnel face mileage; Indicates equivalent detection coverage and equivalent detection coverage A set of historical records showing the positional deviations from the original source of the results; Indicates equivalent detection coverage and equivalent detection coverage The set of historical horizontal positional deviation records corresponding to the source of the original results.

[0110] ;

[0111] ;

[0112] in, and The setting method is as follows: when the geological radar results correspond to the equivalent detection coverage... hour, The resolution is determined by the positioning error of the ground-penetrating radar survey line, the conversion error of dielectric parameters, and the pickup resolution before and after the anomalous reflection interface. The resolution is determined by the location error of the ground-penetrating radar survey line layout, the antenna movement recording error, and the lateral picking resolution of the anomalous reflection interface; when the tunnel earthquake advance prediction result corresponds to the equivalent detection coverage... hour, The resolution is determined by the source point location error, receiver point location error, wave velocity value error, and the resolution before and after imaging interpretation. The lateral positioning error of the seismic source point, the lateral positioning error of the receiver point, and the lateral resolution of the imaging interpretation are determined; when the advanced drilling results correspond to the equivalent detection cover... hour, The accuracy is determined by the borehole positioning error, borehole inclination measurement error, borehole depth recording interval, and anomaly identification accuracy. It is determined by the transverse positioning error of the orifice, the inclination measurement error of the orifice, and the direction measurement error of the orifice line.

[0113] To calculate the overlap length of the two projection intervals, firstly, read the projection start position and projection end position of the first projection interval, and then read the projection start position and projection end position of the second projection interval. Next, determine the larger coordinate value between the projection start position of the first projection interval and the projection start position of the second projection interval as the overlap start position, and determine the smaller coordinate value between the projection end position of the first projection interval and the projection end position of the second projection interval as the overlap end position. When the coordinate of the overlap end position is greater than the coordinate of the overlap start position, the coordinate difference between the overlap end position and the overlap start position is determined as the overlap length. When the coordinate of the overlap end position is less than or equal to the coordinate of the overlap start position, the overlap length is determined to be zero.

[0114] The centerline spacing between two equivalent detection covers in the lateral deployment direction is calculated. Specifically, the lateral deployment direction of the first equivalent detection cover is first read, along with its left and right boundary positions. Then, the midpoint between the left and right boundary positions of the first equivalent detection cover is taken as the first lateral center position. A line parallel to the main detection direction of the first equivalent detection cover is drawn through this first lateral center position. This line is defined as the first centerline. Subsequently, the lateral deployment direction of the second equivalent detection cover is read, and... Read the left and right boundary positions of the second equivalent detection coverage in the lateral deployment direction; then take the midpoint between the left and right boundary positions of the second equivalent detection coverage as the second lateral center position, and draw a line parallel to the main detection direction of the second equivalent detection coverage through the second lateral center position. The line passing through the second lateral center position and parallel to the main detection direction of the second equivalent detection coverage is determined as the second center line; finally, convert the first center line and the second center line to the same positioning reference in front of the face of the face, and read the shortest distance between the first center line and the second center line in the lateral deployment direction. This shortest distance is determined as the center line spacing.

[0115] The projection overlap relationship is generated based on the overlap length and the lateral overlap range of the two equivalent detection covers in the lateral deployment direction. Specifically, the left and right boundary positions of the first equivalent detection cover in the lateral deployment direction are first read, and the left and right boundary positions of the second equivalent detection cover in the lateral deployment direction are also read. Then, the larger coordinate value between the two left boundary positions is determined as the lateral overlap start position, and the smaller coordinate value between the two right boundary positions is determined as the lateral overlap end position. When the coordinate of the lateral overlap end position is greater than the lateral overlap... When determining the coordinates of the starting position, the coordinate difference between the lateral overlap termination position and the lateral overlap start position is defined as the lateral overlap range. When the coordinates of the lateral overlap termination position are less than or equal to the coordinates of the lateral overlap start position, the lateral overlap range is defined as zero. When the overlap length is greater than zero and the lateral overlap range is greater than zero, the first equivalent detection coverage and the second equivalent detection coverage are recorded as having a projection overlap relationship. When the overlap length is zero or the lateral overlap range is zero, the first equivalent detection coverage and the second equivalent detection coverage are recorded as not having a projection overlap relationship.

[0116] In some implementations, centerline spacing can also be used as a method for determining lateral correspondence; when the centerline spacing between two equivalent detection covers in the lateral deployment direction does not exceed a preset lateral correspondence threshold, it is determined that the two equivalent detection covers meet the lateral correspondence requirements.

[0117] The method for setting the preset lateral correspondence threshold can be a first setting method. The first setting method is as follows: first, read the lateral width of the first equivalent detection cover and the lateral width of the second equivalent detection cover, and determine half of the sum of the two lateral widths as the basic lateral correspondence distance; then read the lateral positioning error of the first equivalent detection cover corresponding to the original result source and the lateral positioning error of the second equivalent detection cover corresponding to the original result source; then read the lateral position deviation records in the historical excavated sections, and determine the maximum absolute deviation in the lateral position deviation records as the historical lateral deviation amount; finally, determine the sum of the basic lateral correspondence distance, the maximum value of the two lateral positioning errors, and the historical lateral deviation amount as the preset lateral correspondence threshold.

[0118] Among them, the lateral positioning error corresponding to the ground-penetrating radar results is determined by the ground-penetrating radar survey line layout error, antenna movement recording error, and lateral picking resolution of the abnormal reflection interface; the lateral positioning error corresponding to the tunnel earthquake advance prediction results is determined by the lateral positioning error of the source point, the lateral positioning error of the receiver point, and the lateral resolution of the imaging interpretation; the lateral positioning error corresponding to the advance drilling results is determined by the lateral positioning error of the borehole opening, the borehole inclination measurement error, and the borehole line direction measurement error.

[0119] In one optional embodiment, a preset lateral threshold is provided. The setting method can adopt the second setting method; the second setting method is to first read the equivalent detection coverage. Horizontal width and equivalent detection coverage Horizontal width ,Will and Half of the sum is used to determine the basic lateral corresponding distance; then the equivalent detection coverage is read. Lateral positioning error corresponding to the source of the original result and read the equivalent detection coverage. Lateral positioning error corresponding to the source of the original result Subsequently, the equivalent detection coverage was read. and equivalent detection coverage The historical horizontal positional deviation record set corresponding to the source of the original results And record the set based on the historical horizontal position deviation. Determine the historical lateral deviation Finally, the lateral distance and lateral positioning error of the foundation are calculated. Lateral positioning error Horizontal deviation from history The sum is determined to be the preset lateral threshold. .

[0120] ;

[0121] ;

[0122] in, Represents the set of historical lateral positional deviation records Any lateral position difference in the historical lateral position deviation record set; When the set is empty, the historical lateral deviation is... The value is 0.

[0123] The first setting method and the second setting method are parallel selectable setting methods for preset lateral correspondence thresholds; in the same candidate correspondence judgment of the same group of equivalent detection coverages, the preset lateral correspondence threshold adopts either the first setting method or the second setting method, and does not adopt both the first setting method and the second setting method at the same time; when it is necessary to avoid the repeated expansion of the lateral correspondence range by two lateral positioning errors, the first setting method is adopted; when the lateral positioning errors of the original results corresponding to the two equivalent detection coverages come from different detection methods and need to be counted separately, the second setting method is adopted.

[0124] The method for obtaining the compensated projection overlap relationship includes: reading the front-to-back length and lateral width of two equivalent detection covers respectively; comparing the two front-to-back lengths to obtain the front-to-back length comparison result; comparing the two lateral widths to obtain the lateral width comparison result; when both the front-to-back length comparison result and the lateral width comparison result point to the same equivalent detection cover, that equivalent detection cover is determined as the reference cover; when the front-to-back length comparison result and the lateral width comparison result point to different equivalent detection covers, the equivalent detection cover with the shorter front-to-back length is determined as the reference cover; determining the overlap calculation boundary based on the front-to-back length and lateral width of the reference cover; and correcting the projection overlap relationship according to the overlap calculation boundary to obtain the compensated projection overlap relationship.

[0125] The front-to-back length and lateral width of two equivalent detection covers are read separately. Specifically, the front-to-back extension range of the first equivalent detection cover is read first, and the front-to-back length of the first equivalent detection cover is obtained based on the length between the front-to-back start position and the front-to-back end position. Then, the lateral expansion range of the first equivalent detection cover is read, and the lateral width of the first equivalent detection cover is obtained based on the width between the left boundary position and the right boundary position. Subsequently, the front-to-back length and lateral width of the second equivalent detection cover are read in the same way. The front-to-back length of the first equivalent detection cover is compared with the front-to-back length of the second equivalent detection cover to obtain the front-to-back length comparison result. The lateral width of the first equivalent detection cover is compared with the lateral width of the second equivalent detection cover to obtain the lateral width comparison result. When the minimum value of the front-to-back length and lateral width both correspond to the same equivalent detection cover, the equivalent detection cover is determined as the reference cover. When the minimum value of the front-to-back length and lateral width corresponds to different equivalent detection covers, the equivalent detection cover with the shorter front-to-back length is determined as the reference cover.

[0126] The overlap calculation boundary is determined based on the front-to-back length and lateral width of the reference cover. Specifically, the front-to-back length and lateral width of the reference cover are read first. The front-to-back length of the reference cover is used to limit the overlap calculation range in the main detection direction, and the lateral width of the reference cover is used to limit the overlap calculation range in the lateral deployment direction. The overlap calculation range in the main detection direction and the overlap calculation range in the lateral deployment direction are jointly determined as the overlap calculation boundary.

[0127] The method for correcting the projection overlap relationship according to the overlap calculation boundary includes: when the projection interval of the reference cover in the main detection direction and the projection interval in the lateral deployment direction are both located within the projection interval of another equivalent detection cover in the corresponding direction, the front-to-back length and lateral width of the reference cover are used as the overlap calculation boundary, and the projection overlap relationship is re-recorded according to the overlap calculation boundary to obtain the compensated projection overlap relationship; when the two equivalent detection covers partially overlap in both the main detection direction and the lateral deployment direction, the common coverage interval of the two equivalent detection covers in the main detection direction is read as the actual overlap in the main detection direction. The overlapping range is calculated, and the common coverage area of ​​the two equivalent detection covers in the lateral deployment direction is read as the actual overlapping range in the lateral deployment direction. The actual overlapping range in the main detection direction and the actual overlapping range in the lateral deployment direction are used together as the overlap calculation boundary. The projection overlap relationship is re-recorded according to the overlap calculation boundary to obtain the compensated projection overlap relationship. When the projection intervals of the two equivalent detection covers in the main detection direction do not actually overlap, or the projection intervals of the two equivalent detection covers in the lateral deployment direction do not actually overlap, the compensated projection overlap relationship is recorded as not meeting the preset projection overlap condition.

[0128] Because the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction, and advance drilling have different front-to-back lengths and lateral widths, directly comparing the projection overlap relationship based on the original coverage area will result in the volumetric spatial range occupying an excessively wide boundary in the calculation, and the segmental spatial range formed along the borehole line occupying an excessively narrow boundary in the calculation. By first generating the projection interval according to the main detection direction, the cross-source comparison can be limited to the front-to-back correspondence in front of the tunnel face. By calculating the overlap length, the degree of correspondence between the two equivalent detection coverages in the front-to-back direction can be read. By calculating the centerline spacing, the degree of deviation between the two equivalent detection coverages in the lateral unfolding direction can be read. By correcting the projection overlap relationship through the front-to-back length, lateral width, and overlap calculation boundary, the compensated projection overlap relationship is no longer directly determined by the size of the coverage area itself, but is jointly determined by the actual corresponding range in the main detection direction and the actual corresponding range in the lateral unfolding direction. Therefore, the compensated projection overlap relationship can be used as the input for generating candidate correspondence relationships, so that the merging process of the same karst target simultaneously considers the front-to-back projection, lateral position, and heterogeneous resolution scale.

[0129] Candidate correspondences are generated based on the compensated projection overlap relationship and the mileage position relationship of the equivalent detection coverage.

[0130] The mileage position relationship of the equivalent detection coverage is the correspondence between the front and rear positions of two equivalent detection coverages along the main detection direction under the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face. The mileage position relationship of the equivalent detection coverage includes at least the front-to-back distance between the two equivalent detection coverages in the main detection direction, whether the coverage areas of the two equivalent detection coverages intersect in the main detection direction, and whether the coverage area of ​​one equivalent detection coverage is located within the coverage area of ​​the other equivalent detection coverage in the main detection direction. The method for obtaining the mileage position relationship of the equivalent detection coverage is to first read the front and rear starting points of the two equivalent detection coverages under the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face. The starting and ending positions are determined; then the starting and ending positions are converted into mileage ranges relative to the working face mileage; the starting and ending positions of the two mileage ranges are compared; when there is an interval between the two mileage ranges, the interval is recorded as the front-to-back distance; when the two mileage ranges have the same mileage segment, the two mileage ranges are recorded as having overlapping coverage areas; when the starting and ending positions of one mileage range are both located between the starting and ending positions of another mileage range, the coverage area of ​​one equivalent detection coverage body in the main detection direction is recorded as being located within the coverage area of ​​the other equivalent detection coverage body in the main detection direction.

[0131] The method for generating candidate correspondences includes: when the compensated projection overlap relationship of two equivalent detection covers with different original result sources meets the preset projection overlap condition, and the mileage position relationship of the equivalent detection covers meets the preset mileage adjacency condition, it is determined that there is a candidate correspondence between the two equivalent detection covers, and a candidate correspondence record containing the identifiers of the two equivalent detection covers, the original result source, the compensated projection overlap relationship, and the mileage position relationship is generated.

[0132] The reason for adopting the above judgment method is that the compensated projection overlap relationship is used to determine whether the spatial projections of the two equivalent detection covers in the main detection direction and the lateral unfolding direction have a corresponding basis; the mileage position relationship of the equivalent detection covers is used to determine whether the mileage positions of the two equivalent detection covers in front of the tunnel face have a front-to-back adjacent relationship; only when the compensated projection overlap relationship meets the preset projection overlap condition and the mileage position relationship of the equivalent detection covers meets the preset mileage adjacent condition, are the two equivalent detection covers identified as candidate corresponding objects of the same karst target, and corresponding candidate corresponding relationship records are generated.

[0133] The preset projection overlap condition is used to determine whether the compensated projection overlap relationship can support two equivalent detection covers to enter the candidate correspondence relationship. The preset projection overlap condition includes a first judgment content and a second judgment content: the first judgment content is that the overlap range of the main detection direction corresponding to the overlap calculation boundary in the compensated projection overlap relationship is not zero; the second judgment content is that the two equivalent detection covers meet the lateral correspondence requirement; when the lateral overlap range is used as the lateral correspondence judgment method, the lateral correspondence requirement is that the overlap range of the lateral unfolding direction corresponding to the overlap calculation boundary in the compensated projection overlap relationship is not zero; when the centerline spacing is used as the lateral correspondence judgment method, the lateral correspondence requirement is that the centerline spacing of the two equivalent detection covers in the lateral unfolding direction does not exceed the preset lateral correspondence threshold; when the first judgment content and the second judgment content are satisfied at the same time, it is determined that the compensated projection overlap relationship meets the preset projection overlap condition; when the overlap range of the main detection direction is zero, or the two equivalent detection covers do not meet the lateral correspondence requirement, it is determined that the compensated projection overlap relationship does not meet the preset projection overlap condition.

[0134] In an alternative embodiment, the equivalent detection coverage With equivalent detection coverage Overlapping range of main detection directions Determine according to the following formula:

[0135] ;

[0136] Equivalent detection coverage With equivalent detection coverage Lateral expansion direction overlap range Determine according to the following formula:

[0137] ;

[0138] When the lateral overlap range is used as the lateral correspondence judgment method, if and Then determine the equivalent detection coverage. With equivalent detection coverage There is a projection overlap relationship; if or Then determine the equivalent detection coverage. With equivalent detection coverage There is no projection overlap.

[0139] When using centerline spacing as a method for determining lateral correspondence, centerline spacing Determine according to the following formula:

[0140] ;

[0141] when and At that time, determine the equivalent detection coverage. With equivalent detection coverage It meets the auxiliary judgment requirements for centerline spacing; among which, Indicates equivalent detection coverage With equivalent detection coverage The corresponding preset lateral threshold; Indicates equivalent detection coverage At the center position in the lateral unfolding direction.

[0142] The preset mileage adjacency conditions include: the front-to-back distance between two equivalent detection coverages in the main detection direction does not exceed the preset mileage interval; or, the coverage areas of two equivalent detection coverages in the main detection direction intersect; or, the coverage area of ​​one equivalent detection coverage in the main detection direction is located within the coverage area of ​​another equivalent detection coverage in the main detection direction.

[0143] The preset mileage interval is used to determine whether two equivalent detection coverages meet the mileage adjacency limit in the main detection direction. The method for setting the preset mileage interval is as follows: First, read the front and rear positioning errors of the ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results within the same construction section. The front and rear positioning errors are the positional errors formed in the front and rear directions by survey line positioning, imaging interpretation, hole depth conversion, or hole line measurement when the abnormal response range of the ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results is converted to the same positioning reference in front of the working face. Then, read the working face mileage measurement error in the construction survey record. Among them, the front and rear positioning errors corresponding to the ground-penetrating radar results are determined by the ground-penetrating radar survey line positioning error, dielectric parameter conversion error, and abnormal reflection interface picking resolution. The front and rear positioning errors corresponding to the tunnel seismic advance prediction results are determined by the source point positioning error, receiver point positioning error, wave velocity value error, and imaging interpretation resolution. The front and rear positioning errors corresponding to the advance drilling results are determined by the borehole positioning error, borehole inclination measurement error, borehole depth recording interval, and anomaly identification accuracy.

[0144] Subsequently, the system reads the positional deviation records between at least one of the following results from the historical excavated section: ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results, and the excavation reveal results. The method for forming these positional deviation records is as follows: the abnormal response range in the historical excavated section is converted to the same face-ahead positioning reference, and the karst targets corresponding to the excavation reveal results in the historical excavated section are also converted to the same face-ahead positioning reference. Then, the system reads the front and rear starting and ending positions of the abnormal response range in the front and rear directions, and the system reads the starting and ending positions of the karst targets corresponding to the excavation reveal results in the front and rear directions. The system calculates the positional difference between the front and rear starting positions and the positional difference between the front and rear ending positions, and writes these positional differences into the positional deviation records. When positional deviation records exist, the absolute values ​​of each positional difference in the records are read, and the absolute value of the positional difference with the highest value is used as the basis for setting the preset mileage interval. When no positional deviation records exist, the system reads the front and rear positioning errors and the face mileage measurement errors, and uses both as the basis for setting the preset mileage interval.

[0145] Preset mileage interval The configuration logic is as follows: it allows positional deviations caused by positioning errors and differences in interpretation scales from different detection methods to enter candidate correspondences, while excluding equivalent detection coverage combinations whose positional intervals exceed the range of construction surveying and detection interpretation errors. For equivalent detection coverage... and equivalent detection coverage First, record the set based on the historical positional deviations. Determine the positional deviation before and after the historical period ; then read the equivalent detection coverage Positioning error before and after corresponding to the original result source Read the equivalent detection coverage Positioning error before and after corresponding to the original result source And read the mileage measurement error at the working face. Finally, the positional deviation before and after the historical period was calculated. With upper limit of error The larger value in the range is determined as the preset mileage interval. .

[0146] Current and subsequent position deviation record set When it is an empty set, the deviation of the positions before and after the history. The value is 0.

[0147] ;

[0148] ;

[0149] ;

[0150] in, Indicates equivalent detection coverage With equivalent detection coverage The front and rear spacing in the main detection direction; Represents the set of records showing the deviation in position before and after the historical period. The difference between any front and back positions in the middle; the front and back spacing At that time, determine the equivalent detection coverage. With equivalent detection coverage The condition that the distance between the front and rear sides does not exceed the preset mileage interval is met; the distance between the front and rear sides... At that time, determine the equivalent detection coverage. With equivalent detection coverage The condition that "the front-to-back distance does not exceed the preset mileage interval" is not met.

[0151] In setting the pre-defined mileage adjacency conditions, the same karst target may exhibit different lengths of front and rear coverage intervals under different detection methods. When the shallow strip-shaped or sheet-like spatial range formed by the geological radar results and the volumetric spatial range formed by the tunnel seismic advance prediction results are separated in the front and rear direction, but the front and rear distance is within the pre-defined mileage interval, the two equivalent detection coverages retain the possibility of entering the candidate correspondence relationship. When the segment-shaped spatial range formed by the advance drilling results is within the volumetric spatial range formed by the tunnel seismic advance prediction results, even if the front and rear lengths of the two equivalent detection coverages are different, the two equivalent detection coverages still retain the possibility of entering the candidate correspondence relationship. By judging the front and rear distance and the coverage interval inclusion, the front and rear adjacency relationship and the range inclusion relationship can be processed simultaneously.

[0152] The method for generating candidate correspondences also includes: when two equivalent detection covers intersect only in the lateral expansion direction, and the compensated projection overlap does not meet the preset projection overlap conditions, no candidate correspondence is generated. The reason for adopting the above judgment method is that intersecting only in the lateral expansion direction only indicates that the two equivalent detection covers have projection intersection in the lateral direction, but does not indicate that the two equivalent detection covers correspond to the same mileage position in front of the tunnel face in the main detection direction. When the compensated projection overlap does not meet the preset projection overlap conditions, the two equivalent detection covers lack the overlap range in the main detection direction or the lateral centerline position does not meet the correspondence requirements. In this case, generating candidate correspondences would interpret the local lateral intersection as a correspondence of the same karst target, so no candidate correspondence is generated.

[0153] Since the compensated projection overlap relationship solves the problem of projection correspondence between two equivalent detection covers in the main detection direction and the lateral unfolding direction, and the lateral unfolding direction solves the problem of lateral unfolding orientation of two equivalent detection covers, and the mileage position relationship of equivalent detection covers solves the problem of adjacency or inclusion of two equivalent detection covers in the mileage ahead of the tunnel face; the lateral unfolding direction is used to calculate the centerline spacing and determine the lateral position relationship between two equivalent detection covers; the compensated projection overlap relationship and the mileage position relationship of equivalent detection covers are used together to generate candidate correspondence relationships, so that the candidate correspondence relationships simultaneously satisfy projection correspondence and mileage correspondence; therefore, the candidate correspondence relationship is not a direct confirmation of the spatial intersection result, but a preliminary screening of whether cross-source objects have the same karst target attribution basis; when equivalent detection covers directly or indirectly connected through candidate correspondence relationships are subsequently merged into the same karst target, it can reduce the false merging caused only by lateral intersection, and provide a relational basis for the candidate boundary and confirmation boundary in the karst anomaly fusion identification results.

[0154] Equivalent detection coverages that are directly or indirectly connected through candidate correspondences are grouped into the same karst target to generate karst anomaly fusion identification results.

[0155] Among them, the same karst target is identified as a merged object pointing to the same karst anomaly object ahead of the tunnel face after the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to at least two of the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction and advance drilling, after the candidate correspondence is determined; the same karst target is not an anomaly point in a single detection result, nor a single equivalent detection coverage, but a cross-source merged object formed by multiple equivalent detection coverages that meet the requirements of the compensated projection overlap relationship and the mileage position relationship, where the compensated projection overlap relationship includes the centerline spacing judgment in the lateral unfolding direction; the same karst target is used to represent the fusion identification object that may correspond to the same solution cavity, dissolution fracture zone, water-rich karst section or karst filling area under the same positioning benchmark ahead of the tunnel face.

[0156] The karst anomaly fusion identification result is the output result formed after the boundary determination and source recording of the same karst target; the karst anomaly fusion identification result is used to characterize the mileage range before and after the karst target under the same tunnel face positioning benchmark, the lateral expansion range and the source of related results, and can also be written with fusion identification markers; the karst anomaly fusion identification result is not the result formed by simply superimposing the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction results and advance drilling results, but a cross-source fusion identification result generated based on equivalent detection coverage, candidate correspondence, candidate boundary and confirmed boundary.

[0157] The method for grouping equivalent detection covers directly or indirectly connected through candidate correspondences into the same karst target includes: performing grouping operations on the equivalent detection covers in the candidate correspondences; when each equivalent detection cover in a group can be directly or indirectly connected through the candidate correspondences, the group of equivalent detection covers is grouped into the same karst target. Specifically, first, all candidate correspondences are read, and the equivalent detection covers contained in each candidate correspondence are read; then, starting from the first candidate correspondence, a group of equivalent detection covers is established, and the two equivalent detection covers in the first candidate correspondence are written into the same group of equivalent detection covers; subsequently, the remaining candidate correspondences are read sequentially; when one of the equivalent detection covers in the remaining candidate correspondences already exists in a group of equivalent detection covers, and the other equivalent detection cover in the remaining candidate correspondences does not exist in any group of equivalent detection covers, the group is grouped into the same karst target. Another equivalent detection cover is written into the same group of equivalent detection covers; when two equivalent detection covers in the remaining candidate correspondences exist in different groups of equivalent detection covers, the different groups of equivalent detection covers are merged into the same group of equivalent detection covers; when neither of the two equivalent detection covers in the remaining candidate correspondences exists in any group of equivalent detection covers, a new group of equivalent detection covers is established, and the two equivalent detection covers are written into the newly established group of equivalent detection covers; after all candidate correspondences are read, a connection check is performed on each group of equivalent detection covers; when any equivalent detection cover in a group of equivalent detection covers can be directly connected to other equivalent detection covers in the same group of equivalent detection covers through at least one candidate correspondence, or can be indirectly connected through an intermediate equivalent detection cover in the same group of equivalent detection covers, the same group of equivalent detection covers is merged into the same karst target.

[0158] The method for generating karst anomaly fusion identification results includes: reading the outer boundary, overlapping boundary, and associated result source of the equivalent detection cover merged into the same karst target; determining the candidate boundary of the karst target by the outer boundary, determining the confirmed boundary of the karst target by the overlapping boundary, and writing the associated result source, candidate boundary, and confirmed boundary into the karst anomaly fusion identification results.

[0159] The outer boundary is defined as the outer boundary of the area covered by all equivalent detection covers of the same karst target under the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face. The outer boundary is obtained by reading the closest and furthest plane positions of all equivalent detection covers in the front-back direction, and the leftmost and rightmost boundary positions in the lateral direction. The outer boundary is used to determine the candidate boundary of the karst target. The overlapping boundary is the common coverage boundary supported by the candidate correspondence between equivalent detection covers of the same karst target. The overlapping boundary is obtained by reading the overlapping calculation boundary, the overlapping range in the main detection direction, and the overlapping range in the lateral expansion direction corresponding to each candidate correspondence. The overlapping boundary is used to determine the confirmed boundary of the karst target. The source of the association result is the original result source corresponding to the equivalent detection covers participating in the merging of the same karst target. The source of the association result includes at least two results participating in the merging from the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction, and advance drilling. The source of the association result is used to mark which detection methods jointly support the karst anomaly fusion identification results.

[0160] Candidate boundaries for karst targets are determined by circumscribed boundaries, and confirmed boundaries for karst targets are determined by overlapping boundaries. The source of the association results, candidate boundaries, and confirmed boundaries are written into the karst anomaly fusion identification results. Specifically, all equivalent detection coverages merged into the same karst target are read first; then, the front and rear starting positions, front and rear ending positions, left boundary position, right boundary position, and existing vertical boundary position of all equivalent detection coverages under the same face-to-face positioning reference are read.

[0161] Then, the position closest to the working face plane in the forward and backward direction is used as the starting position of the candidate boundary, and the position furthest from the working face plane in the forward and backward direction is used as the ending position of the candidate boundary. The leftmost boundary position in the lateral direction is used as the left boundary position of the candidate boundary, and the rightmost boundary position in the lateral direction is used as the right boundary position of the candidate boundary. When the equivalent detection coverage involved in the merging has a vertical boundary position, the upper and lower boundary positions in the vertical direction are written into the candidate boundary.

[0162] Then, read the overlapping calculation boundaries corresponding to all candidate correspondences within the same karst target; write the overlapping range of the main detection direction and the overlapping range of the lateral expansion direction in each overlapping calculation boundary into the overlapping boundary; when there are multiple overlapping calculation boundaries within the same karst target, and the multiple overlapping calculation boundaries have a common overlapping space, the common overlapping space is determined as the unified confirmation boundary; when the same karst target is formed by merging multiple indirectly connected equivalent detection covers, and the multiple overlapping calculation boundaries do not have a common overlapping space, the overlapping calculation boundaries corresponding to each candidate correspondence are determined as individual confirmation boundaries, and the multiple individual confirmation boundaries are used together as the confirmation boundary set; when multiple overlapping calculation boundaries are distributed in different positions within the same candidate boundary, the multiple overlapping calculation boundaries are written into the confirmation boundary set, and the source correspondence between each individual confirmation boundary and the corresponding candidate correspondence is retained.

[0163] In an optional embodiment, a group of equivalent detection covers merged into the same karst target is denoted as... Candidate boundary Determine as follows:

[0164] ;

[0165] ;

[0166] ;

[0167] ;

[0168] in, Indicate candidate boundary The initial and subsequent positions along the main detection direction; Indicate candidate boundary The preceding and following termination positions in the main detection direction; Indicate candidate boundary At the left boundary position in the lateral unfolding direction; Indicate candidate boundary The right boundary position in the lateral unfolding direction.

[0169] When a set of equivalent detection coverages of the same karst target When there exists an equivalent detection cover with a vertical boundary, the set of equivalent detection covers with a vertical boundary is denoted as... ,and .when At that time, candidate boundary The vertical boundary is determined as follows:

[0170] ;

[0171] ;

[0172] Let the correspondence of all candidate targets within the same karst target be denoted as Any candidate correspondence Corresponding single-item confirmation boundary Determine as follows:

[0173] ;

[0174] ;

[0175] ;

[0176] ;

[0177] When candidate correspondence When both corresponding equivalent detection coverages include vertical boundaries, a single-item confirmed boundary is established. The vertical boundary is determined as follows:

[0178] ;

[0179] ;

[0180] When it is necessary to determine whether multiple individual confirmation boundaries have a common overlapping space, a unified confirmation boundary should be used. The boundary position is determined as follows:

[0181] ;

[0182] ;

[0183] ;

[0184] ;

[0185] when and At that time, , , and The enclosed spatial range is determined as a unified confirmed boundary. ;when or At that time, it is determined that multiple individual confirmation boundaries do not have a common overlapping space, and each individual confirmation boundary is... Together as a set of confirmed boundaries .

[0186] ;

[0187] When all individual confirmation boundaries involved in the unified confirmation boundary determination include vertical boundaries, the unified confirmation boundary is further determined as follows: Vertical boundary:

[0188] ;

[0189] ;

[0190] when , and When both conditions are met, , , , , and The enclosed space is defined as a unified, confirmed boundary including the vertical boundary; when At that time, confirm the boundaries of each individual item. Together as a set of confirmed boundaries .

[0191] Finally, the original result source corresponding to each equivalent detection coverage is read, and at least two of the results from the geological radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results that are involved in the merging are written into the associated result source. A fusion identification mark is generated according to the karst target generation order, and the associated result source, candidate boundary, confirmed boundary or confirmed boundary set, and fusion identification mark are written into the karst anomaly fusion identification result.

[0192] The karst anomaly fusion identification results include the preceding and following mileage range of the karst target, the lateral expansion range, the source of the associated results, and the fusion identification marker used to mark the same karst target; the preceding and following mileage range of the karst target is determined by the preceding and following starting and ending positions of the candidate boundary in the main detection direction; the lateral expansion range of the karst target is determined by the left and right boundary positions of the candidate boundary in the lateral expansion direction; the source of associated results includes at least two results involved in merging from ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results; the fusion identification marker is used to distinguish different karst targets and to call the corresponding karst anomaly fusion identification results in subsequent risk section division, pre-construction treatment, and excavation reveal result verification.

[0193] Example 2:

[0194] This embodiment provides an implementation method for merging three types of results together in the same karst target. In this embodiment, the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction, and advance drilling are all mapped to the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face. The abnormal response range extracted from the ground-penetrating radar results is a shallow strip-shaped spatial range. The abnormal response range extracted from the tunnel seismic advance prediction results is a volumetric spatial range. The abnormal response range extracted from the advance drilling results is a segmented spatial range distributed along the corresponding borehole line of the advance drilling results.

[0195] First, an equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) results is established based on the forward and backward extension and lateral expansion of the anomaly response range. Then, an equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the tunnel seismic advance prediction results is established based on the forward and backward extension, lateral expansion, and vertical expansion of the anomaly response range. Subsequently, an equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the advance drilling results is established along the start and end positions of the borehole lines corresponding to the advance drilling results based on the anomaly response range corresponding to the advance drilling results and according to the preset borehole line proximity distance. The preset borehole line proximity distance is set before the identification of karst targets in front of the current tunnel face, and the preset borehole line proximity distance does not use the excavation reveal results that have not yet been excavated in front of the current tunnel face.

[0196] After establishing three equivalent detection coverages, the front and rear extension ranges of the three equivalent detection coverages are read respectively; the main detection direction of the three equivalent detection coverages is determined by the direction from the front and rear starting positions to the front and rear ending positions; the lateral expansion range of the three equivalent detection coverages is then read respectively; the lateral expansion direction of the three equivalent detection coverages is determined by the direction from the left boundary position to the right boundary position; then, a projection interval is generated between any two equivalent detection coverages according to the main detection direction, the overlap length of the two projection intervals is read, and the lateral overlap range of the two equivalent detection coverages in the lateral expansion direction is read, and the centerline spacing is read when the centerline spacing is used as an auxiliary judgment method.

[0197] When the front-to-back length and lateral width of the equivalent detection cover corresponding to the tunnel seismic advance prediction result are both greater than those of the equivalent detection cover corresponding to the advance borehole result, the equivalent detection cover corresponding to the advance borehole result is determined as the reference cover. When the projection interval of the equivalent detection cover corresponding to the advance borehole result in the main detection direction is located within the projection interval of the equivalent detection cover corresponding to the tunnel seismic advance prediction result in the main detection direction, and the projection interval of the equivalent detection cover corresponding to the advance borehole result in the lateral expansion direction is located within the projection interval of the equivalent detection cover corresponding to the tunnel seismic advance prediction result in the lateral expansion direction, the projection interval of the equivalent detection cover corresponding to the advance borehole result in the main detection direction and the projection interval in the lateral expansion direction are used together as the overlap calculation boundary, and the projection overlap relationship is re-recorded according to the overlap calculation boundary to obtain the compensated projection overlap relationship.

[0198] When the compensated projection overlap relationship of any two equivalent detection covers with different original results satisfies the preset projection overlap condition, and the mileage position relationship of any two equivalent detection covers with different original results satisfies the preset mileage adjacency condition, a candidate correspondence relationship is determined between any two equivalent detection covers with different original results, and candidate correspondence relationship records are generated respectively; then, the equivalent detection covers in the candidate correspondence relationship are grouped; when the equivalent detection covers corresponding to the geological radar results, the equivalent detection covers corresponding to the tunnel earthquake advance prediction results, and the equivalent detection covers corresponding to the advance drilling results can be directly or indirectly connected through the candidate correspondence relationship, the three equivalent detection covers are merged into the same karst target.

[0199] When generating karst anomaly fusion identification results, the outer boundary, overlapping boundary, and associated result source of three equivalent detection covers merged into the same karst target are read; the front and rear mileage range of the karst target is determined by the position closest to and furthest from the working face plane in the front-back direction; the lateral expansion range of the karst target is determined by the left and right boundary positions in the lateral direction; the candidate boundary of the karst target is determined by the outer boundary; the confirmed boundary or set of confirmed boundaries of the karst target is determined by the overlapping boundary; the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results are written into the associated result source, and a fusion identification mark for marking the same karst target is generated.

[0200] In this embodiment, the shallow zonal spatial range corresponding to the ground-penetrating radar results, the volumetric spatial range corresponding to the tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and the segmental spatial range corresponding to the advance drilling results are all converted into equivalent detection coverage under the same face-to-face positioning reference. The compensated projection overlap relationship is used to avoid the volumetric spatial range from dominating the segmental spatial range. The candidate correspondence relationship is used to merge the equivalent detection coverage that satisfies both projection correspondence and mileage correspondence into the same karst target. The projection correspondence includes the judgment of the overlap range in the main detection direction and the judgment of the lateral overlap range in the lateral unfolding direction, or the judgment of the centerline spacing when using centerline spacing as an auxiliary judgment. Thus, the karst anomaly fusion identification results can simultaneously retain candidate boundaries, confirmed boundaries, and related result sources.

[0201] Example 3:

[0202] This embodiment provides an implementation method for merging two types of results into the same karst target.

[0203] In this embodiment, both the ground-penetrating radar results and the advanced drilling results are mapped to the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face. The abnormal response range corresponding to the ground-penetrating radar results is a shallow strip-shaped spatial range, while the abnormal response range corresponding to the advanced drilling results is a segment-shaped spatial range distributed along the borehole line corresponding to the advanced drilling results.

[0204] First, establish the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the ground-penetrating radar results based on the forward and backward extension range and the lateral expansion range of the abnormal response range corresponding to the ground-penetrating radar results; then, establish the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the advanced drilling results along the start and end positions of the borehole lines corresponding to the advanced drilling results based on the abnormal response range corresponding to the advanced drilling results and according to the preset proximity distance of the borehole lines.

[0205] Subsequently, the main detection direction and lateral deployment direction of the two equivalent detection covers are read, and the projection ranges of the two equivalent detection covers in the main detection direction are generated respectively. The overlap range of the main detection direction and the overlap range of the lateral deployment direction are calculated.

[0206] When the overlay relationship of the compensated projections of two equivalent detection covers meets the preset projection overlay conditions, and the mileage position relationship of the two equivalent detection covers meets the preset mileage adjacency conditions, it is determined that there is a candidate correspondence between the equivalent detection cover corresponding to the ground-penetrating radar result and the equivalent detection cover corresponding to the advanced borehole result, and the two equivalent detection covers are merged into the same karst target.

[0207] When generating karst anomaly fusion identification results, candidate boundaries are determined based on the outer boundaries of two equivalent detection covers, and confirmed boundaries are determined based on the overlapping boundary between the two. The results of ground-penetrating radar and advanced borehole drilling are written into the associated result source.

[0208] Example 4:

[0209] This embodiment provides an implementation method for confirming the generation of boundary sets.

[0210] In this embodiment, there is a candidate correspondence between the first equivalent detection coverage and the second equivalent detection coverage, and there is a candidate correspondence between the second equivalent detection coverage and the third equivalent detection coverage. There is no candidate correspondence between the first equivalent detection coverage and the third equivalent detection coverage.

[0211] After performing grouping operations on the equivalent detection covers in the candidate correspondence, the first equivalent detection cover, the second equivalent detection cover, and the third equivalent detection cover are indirectly connected through the second equivalent detection cover and merged into the same karst target.

[0212] When generating karst anomaly fusion identification results, the first overlap calculation boundary between the first equivalent detection cover and the second equivalent detection cover is read first, and then the second overlap calculation boundary between the second equivalent detection cover and the third equivalent detection cover is read.

[0213] When the first overlapping calculation boundary and the second overlapping calculation boundary do not have a common overlapping space, a unified confirmation boundary is not forcibly generated. Instead, the first overlapping calculation boundary is determined as the first single confirmation boundary, the second overlapping calculation boundary is determined as the second single confirmation boundary, and the first single confirmation boundary and the second single confirmation boundary are written together as a set of confirmation boundaries into the karst anomaly fusion identification result.

[0214] Example 5:

[0215] This embodiment provides an implementation method that does not generate candidate correspondences. In this embodiment, the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the ground-penetrating radar results and the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the tunnel seismic advance prediction results have been established, and both equivalent detection coverages are mapped to the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face. The equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the ground-penetrating radar results intersects with the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the tunnel seismic advance prediction results in the lateral expansion direction, but the projection intervals of the two equivalent detection coverages do not actually overlap in the main detection direction.

[0216] First, read the main detection direction and lateral deployment direction of the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the ground-penetrating radar results, and then read the main detection direction and lateral deployment direction of the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the tunnel earthquake early prediction results; then generate the projection intervals of the two equivalent detection coverages in the main detection direction; then read the projection start position and projection end position of the two projection intervals; when the two projection intervals do not have a common coverage interval in the main detection direction, record the overlap length as zero; then read the lateral overlap range of the two equivalent detection coverages in the lateral deployment direction, and when using the centerline spacing as an auxiliary judgment method, read the centerline spacing and compare it with the preset lateral corresponding threshold.

[0217] When the overlap length is zero, the compensated projection overlap relationship does not meet the preset projection overlap condition; even if two equivalent detection covers intersect in the lateral unfolding direction, it is uncertain whether there is a candidate correspondence between the two equivalent detection covers; when the lateral overlap range is used as the lateral correspondence judgment method, if the projection intervals of the two equivalent detection covers in the main detection direction actually overlap, but the lateral overlap range of the two equivalent detection covers in the lateral unfolding direction is zero, then it is determined that the compensated projection overlap relationship does not meet the preset projection overlap condition, and no candidate correspondence is generated; when the centerline spacing is used as the lateral correspondence judgment method, if the projection intervals of the two equivalent detection covers in the main detection direction actually overlap, and the centerline spacing exceeds the preset lateral correspondence threshold, then it is determined that the compensated projection overlap relationship does not meet the preset projection overlap condition, and no candidate correspondence is generated; when the centerline spacing is used as the lateral correspondence judgment method, and the centerline spacing does not exceed the preset lateral correspondence threshold, the lateral overlap range of zero is not used as the basis for denying the lateral correspondence requirement.

[0218] Without generating candidate correspondences, the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) results and the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the tunnel earthquake early prediction results are not included in the same group of equivalent detection coverages; the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the GPR results is retained as an independent anomaly response object under the source of the GPR results; the equivalent detection coverage corresponding to the tunnel earthquake early prediction results is retained as an independent anomaly response object under the source of the tunnel earthquake early prediction results; when generating karst anomaly fusion identification results in the future, the confirmation boundary is not determined by the lateral intersection position between the two equivalent detection coverages, nor is the lateral intersection position between the two equivalent detection coverages used as the basis for merging the same karst target.

[0219] In this embodiment, candidate correspondence is not based on a single spatial intersection, but requires that the compensation projection overlap, lateral expansion direction, and mileage position relationship of the equivalent detection cover all meet the correspondence requirements. When two equivalent detection covers only intersect in the lateral expansion direction, but there is no actual overlap in the main detection direction, no candidate correspondence is generated. Thus, it is possible to avoid misclassifying heterogeneous anomaly responses under different mileage positions or different front and rear projection relationships into the same karst target.

[0220] In summary, this application first maps the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction, and advance drilling to the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face, and then establishes an equivalent detection coverage based on the anomaly response range. Subsequently, it calculates the compensated projection overlap relationship based on the main detection direction and the lateral deployment direction, and generates candidate correspondences based on the compensated projection overlap relationship and the mileage position relationship of the equivalent detection coverage. Then, it merges the equivalent detection coverages that can be directly or indirectly connected through the candidate correspondences into the same karst target. Finally, it determines the candidate boundary by the circumscribed boundary, determines the confirmed boundary or confirmed boundary set by the overlapping boundary, and writes the source of the associated results, the candidate boundary, the confirmed boundary or confirmed boundary set, and the fusion identification mark into the karst anomaly fusion identification result.

[0221] Therefore, the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction, and advance drilling no longer directly participate in the fusion of original anomaly points, original anomaly lines, or original anomaly areas. Instead, they participate in cross-source correspondence judgment through equivalent detection coverage with detection semantics. This reduces false merging caused only by local lateral crossover and reduces missed merging caused by differences in the morphology of anomaly response range. It provides spatial boundary basis for karst target identification, risk section division, and pre-construction treatment in tunnel advance prediction.

[0222] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application, and the scope of protection of this application shall be determined by the scope defined in the claims. Any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essence of the technical solution of this application shall fall within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of this application shall also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A multi-source karst anomaly response fusion identification method for tunnel advance prediction, characterized in that, include: Obtain the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction, and advance drilling, and map the results of ground-penetrating radar, tunnel seismic advance prediction, and advance drilling to the same positioning reference in front of the tunnel face; Anomaly response ranges were extracted from ground-penetrating radar results, tunnel seismic advance prediction results, and advance drilling results, and an equivalent detection coverage was established based on the anomaly response ranges. The main detection direction is determined based on the front and rear extension range of the equivalent detection coverage, and the lateral deployment direction is determined based on the lateral deployment range of the equivalent detection coverage relative to the main detection direction. The projection overlap relationship between the equivalent detection covers is calculated according to the main detection direction, and the projection overlap relationship is corrected according to the difference in front and back length and the difference in lateral width between the two equivalent detection covers to obtain the compensated projection overlap relationship. Candidate correspondences are generated based on the compensated projection overlap relationship and the mileage position relationship of the equivalent detection coverage. Equivalent detection coverages that are directly or indirectly connected through candidate correspondences are grouped into the same karst target to generate karst anomaly fusion identification results.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for establishing an equivalent detection coverage include: Under the same positioning reference in front of the working face, record the front and rear extension range and the lateral expansion range of the abnormal response range, and record the vertical expansion range when the abnormal response range includes the vertical expansion range; The spatial range enclosed by the front-to-back extension range and the lateral expansion range is defined as the basic coverage range of the equivalent detection coverage body, and the vertical expansion range is used as the vertical boundary of the equivalent detection coverage body when recording the vertical expansion range.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Methods for establishing an equivalent detection coverage also include: For the results of ground-penetrating radar, an equivalent detection coverage is established based on the front-to-back extension range and the lateral expansion range of the anomaly response range; For the results of tunnel earthquake early prediction, an equivalent detection coverage is established based on the forward and backward extension range, lateral expansion range, and vertical expansion range of the abnormal response range; For the results of advanced drilling, an equivalent detection coverage is established along the start and end positions of the corresponding borehole line with the abnormal response range, and according to the preset proximity distance of the borehole line.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for calculating projection overlap include: Using the main detection direction of the two equivalent detection covers as the projection direction, the projection intervals corresponding to the two equivalent detection covers are generated. When the main detection directions of two equivalent detection coverages are inconsistent, the two projection intervals are converted to the front and rear directions in the same front-facing positioning reference. Calculate the overlap length of the two projection intervals and the lateral overlap range of the two equivalent detection coverages in the lateral expansion direction; The projection overlap relationship is generated based on the overlap length and lateral overlap range; When using centerline spacing as an auxiliary judgment method, the centerline spacing between two equivalent detection coverages in the lateral deployment direction is calculated, and the centerline spacing is used for lateral correspondence auxiliary judgment.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for obtaining the compensated projection overlap relationship include: The front-to-back length and lateral width of the two equivalent detection covers are read respectively. The front-to-back length is compared to obtain the front-to-back length comparison result, and the lateral width is compared to obtain the lateral width comparison result. When both the front-to-back length comparison result and the lateral width comparison result point to the same equivalent detection coverage, the corresponding equivalent detection coverage will be determined as the reference coverage. When the front-to-back length comparison result and the lateral width comparison result point to different equivalent detection covers, the equivalent detection cover with the shorter front-to-back length is determined as the reference cover; The overlap calculation boundary is determined based on the front-to-back length and lateral width of the reference cover, and the projection overlap relationship is corrected according to the overlap calculation boundary to obtain the compensated projection overlap relationship.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Methods for correcting projection overlap relationships based on overlapping calculation boundaries include: When the projection range of the reference cover in the main detection direction and the projection range in the lateral unfolding direction are both located within the projection range of another equivalent detection cover in the corresponding direction, the projection range of the reference cover in the main detection direction and the projection range in the lateral unfolding direction are used together as the overlap calculation boundary. When two equivalent detection covers partially overlap in both the main detection direction and the lateral deployment direction, the common coverage area of ​​the two equivalent detection covers in the main detection direction and the common coverage area in the lateral deployment direction are used as the overlap calculation boundary.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for generating candidate correspondences include: When the compensated projection overlap relationship of two equivalent detection covers with different original result sources meets the preset projection overlap condition, and the mileage position relationship of the two equivalent detection covers meets the preset mileage adjacency condition, it is determined that there is a candidate correspondence between the two equivalent detection covers.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preset projection overlap conditions include the first judgment content and the second judgment content; The first judgment is that the overlap range of the main detection direction in the compensated projection overlap relationship is not zero; The second judgment is that the two equivalent detection coverages meet the lateral correspondence requirement; When the lateral overlap range is used as the lateral correspondence judgment method, the lateral correspondence requirement is that the lateral overlap range of the two equivalent detection coverages in the lateral deployment direction is not zero. When centerline spacing is used as the lateral correspondence determination method, the lateral correspondence requirement is that the centerline spacing between two equivalent detection covers in the lateral deployment direction does not exceed the preset lateral correspondence threshold. When both the first and second judgment conditions are met, it is determined that the projection overlap relationship after compensation satisfies the preset projection overlap condition.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Preset mileage adjacency conditions include: The distance between two equivalent detection coverages in the main detection direction shall not exceed the preset mileage interval; Alternatively, the coverage areas of two equivalent detection bodies may intersect in the main detection direction; Alternatively, the coverage area of ​​an equivalent detection cover in the main detection direction may be located within the coverage area of ​​another equivalent detection cover in the main detection direction.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Methods for generating candidate correspondences also include: When the projection intervals of two equivalent detection covers overlap in the lateral unfolding direction, but the compensated projection overlap relationship does not meet the preset projection overlap condition, no candidate correspondence is generated.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for grouping equivalent probe covers that are directly or indirectly connected through candidate correspondences into the same karst target include: Perform group operations on the equivalent probe coverages in the candidate correspondences; When the equivalent detection covers in a set of equivalent detection covers can be directly or indirectly connected through candidate correspondences, the set of equivalent detection covers are merged into the same karst target.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Methods for generating karst anomaly fusion identification results include: Read the outer boundary, overlapping boundary, and related result sources of the equivalent detection cover merged into the same karst target; Candidate boundaries for karst targets are determined by circumscribed boundaries, and confirmed boundaries or sets of confirmed boundaries for karst targets are determined by overlapping boundaries. The source of the association results, candidate boundaries, and confirmed boundaries or sets of confirmed boundaries are written into the karst anomaly fusion identification results.

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